Electromagnetic Induction

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大学物理专业词汇(一)

大学物理专业词汇(一)

大学物理专业词汇(上)Mechanics(力学)kinematics运动学dynamics 动力学vector 矢量scalar 标量scalar product 点乘cross product 叉乘position vector 位置矢量(位矢)displacement 位移state quantity 状态量process quantity 过程量average velocity 平均速度instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度(速度)speed 速率average acceleration 平均加速度instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度(加速度)tangential acceleration 切向加速度normal acceleration or radial acceleration 法向加速度或径向加速度inertia惯性momentum 动量impulse 冲量work 功kinetic energy 动能potential energy 势能conservative force 保守力instantaneous power 瞬时功率(功率)mechanical energy conservation law机械能守恒定律work-energy principle 功能原理angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度angular acceleration 角加速度torque 力矩rigid body 刚体rotational inertia 转动惯量angular Momentum 角动量the conservation law of angular momentum 角动量守恒定律Electricity(电学)electric field 电场electric charge 电荷test charge 试验电荷electric dipole 电偶极子Gauss’s law 高斯定理electric flux 电通量spherical shell 球壳electric potential 电势electric potential difference 电势差electrostatic force 静电力electric potential energy 电势能conductor 导体electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡capacitors电容器capacitance 电容energy density能量密度Magnetism(磁学)magnetic field 磁场Lorenz’ Force 楞次定律magnetic field lines 磁力线magnetic force 磁力Biot-Savart Law 毕奥-萨伐尔定律solenoid 螺线管Ampere’s Law 安培定律(安培环路定理)the law of electromagnetic induction 电磁感应定律flux of a magnetic field 磁通量electromotive force(emf) 电动势motional emf 动生电动势induced emf 感生电动势。

二项式阵(Binominal

二项式阵(Binominal

附录4 词汇表二画二项式阵(Binominal array)八木天线(Y agi-Uda antenna)力(Forces)电磁力(electromagnetic Forces)静电力(electrostatic Forces)磁力(magnetic Forces)入射(Incidence)入射面(plane of Incidence)入射角(angle of Incidence)三画口径天线(Aperture antennas)叉积(Cross product)三重积(Triple product)标量积(scalar product)矢量积(vector product)四画天线(Antennas)线性振子天线(Linear dipole Antenna)接收天线(receiving Antenna)行波天线(traveling-wave Antenna)八木天线(Y agi-Uda Antenna)宽频带天线(broadband Antenna)等角螺旋天线(equiangular spiral Antenna)非频变天线(frequency-independent Antenna)对数螺旋天线(logarithmic spiral Antenna)对数周期天线(log-periodic Antenna)口径天线(aperture Antenna)天线方向图(Antenna pattern or Radiation pattern)天线阵(Antenna array)两元天线阵(two-element antenna array)边射天线阵(broadside antenna array)端射天线阵(endfire antenna array)均匀直线天线阵(uniform linear antenna array)二项式天线阵(binomial antenna array)频率扫描天线阵(frequency-scanning antenna array)边界条件(Boundary conditions)静电场的边界条件(Boundary conditions for electrostatic fields)电流密度的边界条件(Boundary conditions for current density)静磁场的边界条件(Boundary conditions for magnetostatic fields)电磁场的边界条件(Boundary conditions for electromagnetic fields)在两种无损耗媒质之间的边界条件(Boundary conditions between two lossless media)在电介质与理想导体之间的边界条件(Boundary conditions between a dielectric and a perfect conductor)边值问题(Boundary-value problems)笛卡儿坐标中的边值问题(Boundary-value problems in Cartesian coordinates)柱面坐标中的边值问题(Boundary-value problems in cylindrical coordinates)狄里赫里问题边值问题(Boundary-value problems Dirichlet problems)混合边值问题边值问题(Boundary-value problems mixed boundary-value problems)纽曼问题边值问题(Boundary-value problems Neumann problems)球面坐标中的边值问题(Boundary-value problems in spherical coordinates)介质击穿(Dielectric breakdown)介电常数(Dielectric constant)介质强度(Dielectric strength)方向性增益(Directive gain)赫兹偶极子的(Directive gain of Hertzian dipole)方向性系数(Directivity)半波振子的(Directivity of half-wave dipole)口径辐射器的(Directivity of aperture radiator)方向图乘积定理(Principle of pattern multiplication)切向分量(Tangential component)分布参数(Distributed parameters)传输线(transmission lines)反演点(inverse point)无旋场(Irrotational field)分离变量法(Method of separation of variables)互电感(Mutual inductance)互易关系(Reciprocity relation)元因子(Elemental factor)反射(Reflection)反射角(angle of reflection)斯涅尔反射定理(Snell’s law of reflection)反射系数(Reflection coefficient)在平面分界面上的反射系数(Reflection coefficient at plane interface)电流(Reflection coefficient of current)电压(Reflection coefficient of voltage)传输线终端的反射系数(Reflection coefficient of terminated transmission line)迅衰模(Evanescent mode)五画布儒斯特角(Brewster angle)布里渊图(Brillouin diagram)佛里伊斯传输公式(Friis transmission formula)矢量(V ector)矢量位(V ector potential)矢量加法和减法(V ector addition and subtraction)矢量积(V ector product)标量积或点积(scalar or dot product)矢量积或叉积(V ector or cross product)三重积(Triple product)矢量恒等式(V ector identities)电子的物理常数(Physical constants of electron)电动势(Electromotance or Electromotive force——emf)切割(flux-cutting)动生(motional)变压器(transformer)电导(Conductance)电导率(Conductivity)电位(Electric potential)电感(Inductance)自感(self- Inductance)外电感(external Inductance)内电感(internal Inductance)互感(mutual Inductance)电阻(Resistance)电阻率(Resistivity)电通密度(Electric flux density)电位移( Electric displacement)电场强度(Electric field intensity)电容(Capacitance)电容器(Capacitor)平行板电容器(parallel-plate Capacitor)园柱形电容器(cylindrical Capacitor)球形电容器(spherical Capacitor)电容器的串联(series connection of Capacitor)电容器的并联(parallel connection of Capacitor)电容率(Permittivity)自由空间的电容率(Permittivity of free space )相对电容率(relative Permittivity)绝对电容率(absolute Permittivity)复电容率(complex Permittivity)电荷(Electric charge)电荷的单位(unit of Electric charge)电荷的守恒性(conservation of Electric charge)束缚电荷(bound charge)电荷密度(charge density)线电荷密度(line charge density)面电荷密度(surface charge density)体电荷密度(volume charge density)电流密度(Current density)传导电流密度(Conduction current density)对流电流密度(Convection current density)电偶极子(Electric dipole)电偶极矩(Electric dipole moment)电解电流(Electrolytic current)电解槽(Electrolytic tank)电基本振子(Elemental electric dipole)近区场(near-zone field)远区场(far-zone field)电赫兹位(Electric Hertz potential)电磁学(Electromagnetism)时谐电磁学(Time-harmonic Electromagnetism)电磁场(Electromagnetic field)时谐电磁场(Time-harmonic Electromagnetic field)量(quantities)电磁模型(Electromagnetic model)电磁功率(Electromagnetic power)电磁理论(Electromagnetic theory)电磁理论的基础(foundation of Electromagnetic theory)电磁感应(Electromagnetic induction)半导体(Semiconductors)本构关系(Constitutive relations)本征值(Eigenvalue)本征阻抗(Intrinsic impedance)低损耗电介质的本征阻抗(Intrinsic impedance of low-loss dielectric)良导体的本征阻抗(Intrinsic impedance of good conductor)正交坐标系(Orthogonal coordinate systems)面积分(Surface integral)主模(Main mode)平行板波导的主模(Main mode for parallel-plate waveguide)矩形波导的主模(Main mode for rectangular waveguide)谐振腔的主模(Main mode for cavity resonator)主波束(主瓣)(Main beam)功率密度(Power density)瞬时功率密度(Instantaneous Power density)时间平均功率密度(Time-average Power density)功率增益(Power gain)半波长介质窗(Half-wave dielectric window)四分之一波长变换器(Quarter-wave transformer)对偶原理(Principle of duality)平面波(Plane wave)均匀平面波(uniform Plane wave)非均匀平面波(nonuniform Plane wave)平面波的极化(Ploarization of Plane wave)史密特圆图(Smith chart)有损耗线的计算(calculations for lossy lines)导行电磁波(guided electromagnetic wave)六画安培(Ampere)安培力定律(Ampere’s law of force)安培环路定律(Ampere’s circuital law)传导电流(Conduction current)传播常数(Propagation constant)传输系数(Transmission coefficient)传输线(Transmission line)双线(Two-wire Transmission line)同轴(Coaxial Transmission line)无失真(Distortionless Transmission line)无限长(Tnfinite Transmission line)有限长(Finite Transmission line)特性阻抗(Characterstic impedance of Transmission line)输入阻抗(input impedance)短路(short-circuited)开路(open-circuited)四分之一波长(quarter-wave)半波长传输线(half-wave sections of Transmission line)传输线的匹配条件(matched condition for Transmission line)传输线的阻抗匹配(Impedance matched of Transmission line)用四分之一波长变换器(by quarter-wave transformer)用单短截线(by single stub)用双短截线(by double stub)传输线方程组(Transmission-line equations)色散(Dispersion)行波(Traveling wave)有效面积(Effective area)光速(Light space)自由空间(Free space)保守场(conservative field)无旋场(irrotational field)管形场(solenoidal field)远区场(Far-zone fields)电偶极子的远区场(Far-zone fields of electric dipole)磁偶极子的远区场(Far-zone fields of magnetic dipole)毕奥-萨伐尔定律(Biot-Savart’s law)连续性方程(Equation of conductance)亨利(Henry)驰豫时间(Relaxation time)全反射(Total reflection)亥姆霍兹方程(Helmholtz equation)磁导率(Permeability)七画角(Angle)入射角(Angle of incidence)反射角(Angle of reflection)折射角(Angle of refraction)布儒斯特角(Brewster Angle)临界角(Angle of critical)阵因子(Array factor)均匀直线阵的阵因子(Array factor of uniform linear array)坐标系(Coordinate systems)正交坐标系(Orthogonal coordinate systems)笛卡儿坐标系(Cartesian coordinate systems)库仑(Coulomb)库仑定律(Coulomb’s law)居里温度(Curie temperature)抗磁性(Diamagnetism)狄里赫里问题(Dirichlet problems)位移电流(Displacement current)阻抗(Impedance)阻抗匹配(Impedance matching)阻抗变换器(Impedance transformer)折射(Refraction)折射角(angle of refraction)折射率(index of refraction)斯涅耳折射定律(Snell’s law of refraction)麦克斯韦方程组(Maxwell’s equations)微分形式(differential form)积分形式(integral form)无源(source-free)时谐(time-harmonic)极化(Polarization)均匀平面波的极化(Polarization of a uniform plane wave)极化角(Polarizing angle 或Brewster angle)位(Potential)滞后位((Retarded potential)饱和(Saturation)磁性材料的饱和(Saturation of magnetic material)时谐场(Time-harmonic fields)体电荷密度(V olume charge density)体电流密度(V olume current density)体积分(V olume integral)纽曼公式(Neumann formula)法向分量(Normal component)纵向传播(longitudinal propagation)八画单位(Units)基本单位(fundamental Units)导出量单位(Units of derived quantities)有理化MKSA单位制(rationalized MKSA system)国际单位制(SI system)单位矢量(Unit vector)单位长度电容(Capacitance per unit length)单位长度电导(Conductance per unit length)单位长度电感(Inductance per unit length)单位长度电阻(Resistance per unit length)环量(Circulation)法拉(电容的单位)(Farad)法拉第电磁感应定律(Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction)国际单位制(International system of units)拉普拉斯方程(Laplace’s equation)拉普拉斯算符(Laplacian)线积分(Line integral)线极化波(Linearly polarized wave)奈培(Neper)欧姆定律(Ohm’s law)单极振子(Monopole)泊松方程(Po isson’s equation)坡印亭定理(Poynting’s theorem)驻波(Standing wave)驻波比(Standing-wave ratio)表面波(Surface wave)表面阻抗(Surface impedance)转矩(Torgue)波动方程(Wave equation)齐次波动方程(homogeneous wave equation)非齐次波动方程(nonhomogeneous wave equation)波阻抗(Wave impedance)波前(Wavefront)波导(Waveguide)矩形(rectangular)圆柱形(cylindrical )介质(dielectrical)波长(Wavelength)波数(Wavenumber)波瓣宽度(Beamwidth)九画保守场(Conservative field)通用常数(Universal constants)通量线(Flux lines)临界角(Critical angle)穿透深度(Depth of penetration)点积(Dot product)洛仑兹力方程(Lorentz’s force equation)洛仑兹规范(Lorentz’s gauge)度量系数(Metric coefficient)顺磁性(Paramagnetism)相位常数(Phase constant)良导体的相位常数(Phase constant of good conductor)低损耗电介质的相位常数(Phase constant of low-loss dielectric)传输线的相位常数(Phase constant of transmission line)相量(Phasors)相速(Phase velocity)品质因素(Quality factor(Q))标量(Scalar)标量电位(Scalar electric potential)标量磁位(Scalar magnetic potential)标量积(Scalar product)标量三重积(Scalar triple product)带状线(Striplines)速度(V elocity)波的传播速度(V elocity of wave propagation)绝缘体(Insulators)柱面坐标(Cylindrical coordinates)十画衰减常数(Attenuation constant)平行波导板的衰减常数(Attenuation constant in parallel-plate waveguide)矩形波导板的衰减常数(Attenuation constant in rectangular waveguide)谐振腔(Cavity resonators)特性阻抗(Characteristic impedance)特征值(Characteristic value)圆极化波(Circularly polarized wave)圆波导(Circular waveguide)铁氧体(Ferrites)铁磁体(Ferromagnetism)振子天线(Dipole antenna)高斯定理(Gauss’s law)损耗角(Loss angle)准静态场(Quasi-static field)流量源(Flow source)旁瓣(Sidelobes)特斯拉(Tesla)变压器电动势(Transformer emf)调和函数(Harmonic function)调谐器(Tuners)单短截线(single-stub)双短截线(double-stub)倒三角(Del)十一画笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)矫顽场强度(Coersive field intensity)旋度(Curl)偶极子(Dipole)偶极矩(Dipole moment)能量密度(Energy density)菲涅尔方程(Fr esnel’s equation)基尔霍夫电流定律(Kirchhoff’s current law)基尔霍夫电压定律(Kirchhoff’s voltage law)梯度(Gradient)理想电流源(Ideal current generator)理想电压源(Ideal voltage source)勒让德方程(Legendre equation)勒让德函数(Legendre function)勒让德多项式(Legendre polynomials)接收天线(Receiving antennas)方向图(directional pattern of)有效面积(effective area of)内阻抗(internal impendence of)接收截面(Receiving cross section)剩余磁通密度(Remanent flux density or residual flux density)球面坐标(Spherical coordinates)唯一性定理(Unigueness theorem)虚位移(Virtual displacement)十二画散度(Divergence)等位线(Equipotential lines)等位面(Equipotential surfaces)滞后(Hysteresis)焦耳定律(Joule’s law)媒质(Medium)各向同性(isotropic)各向异性(anisotropic)均匀(homogeneous)散射截面(Scattering cross section)斯涅尔反射定律(Snell’s law of reflection)斯涅尔折射定律(Snell’s law of refraction)斯托克斯定理(Stokes’s theorem)短截线调谐器(Stub tuner)等效的磁化电流密度(Equivalent current densities of magnetization)面电流密度(surface current density)体电流密度(volume current density)集总参数(lumped parameter)十三画简并模(Degenerative mode)源(Source)流量源(flow source)旋涡源(vortex source)群速(Group velocity)辐射场(Radiation fields)辐射效率(Radiation efficiency)辐射强度(Radiation intensity)辐射方向图(Radiation pattern)辐射电阻(Radiation resistance)半波偶极子的辐射电阻(Radiation resistance of half-wave dipole)赫兹偶极子的辐射电阻(Radiation resistance of Hertzian dipole)四分之一波长单极振子的辐射电阻(Radiation resistance of quarter-wave monopole)管形场(Solenoidal field)楞次定律(Lenz’s law)十四画截止波长(Cutoff wavelength)截止频率(Cutoff frequency)端射式天线阵(Endfire array)静态电磁场(Electromagnetostatic field)静电能(Electrostatic energy)连续电荷分布的静电能(Electrostatic energy of continuous charge distribution)离散电荷分布的静电能(Electrostatic energy of discrete charge distribution)以场能表示的静电能(Electrostatic energy in terms of field quantities)赫兹位(Hertz potential)赫兹偶极子(Hertz dipole)近区场(near-zone field)远区场(far-zone field)E面方向图(E-plane pattern)H面方向图(H-plane pattern)磁链(Magnetic flux linkage)磁荷(Magnetic charge)磁路(Magnetic circuits)磁偶极子(Magnetic dipole)磁偶积矩(Magnetic dipole moment)磁畴(Magnetic domains)磁能密度(Magnetic energy)磁场强度(Magnetic field intensity)磁通(Magnetic flux)磁通密度(Magnetic flux density)磁力(Magnetic force)以磁感抗表示的磁力(Magnetic force in terms of mutual inductance)以磁储能表示的磁力(Magnetic force in terms of stored magnetic energy)磁性材料(Magnetic materials)抗铁磁性的磁性材料(Magnetic materials of antiferrimagnetic)抗磁性的磁性材料(Magnetic materials of diamagnetic)铁氧磁性的磁性材料(Magnetic materials of ferrimagnetic)铁磁性的磁性材料(Magnetic materials of ferromagnetic)顺磁性的磁性材料(Magnetic materials of paramagnetic)磁位(Magnetic potential)磁化率(Magnetic susceptibility)磁转矩(Magnetic torque)磁化曲线(Magnetization curve)磁化强度矢量(Magnetization vector)磁动势(Magnetomotance or magnetomotive force(mmf)))磁阻(Reluctance)十五画椭圆极化波(Elliptically polarized wave)横电磁波(Transverse electromagnetic(TEM) wave)横电波(Transverse electric(TE) wave)横磁波(Transverse magnetic(TM) wave)横向分布(transverse distribution)十六画镜像法(Method of images)点电荷和导体板的镜像法(Method of images of point charge and conducting plane)线电荷和圆柱导体的镜像法(Method of images of line charge and conducting cylinder)点电荷和导体球的镜像法(Method of images of point charge and conducting sphere)。

电磁感应 电磁场英文名词

电磁感应 电磁场英文名词
附 录
4
物理学
第五版
物理学
第五版
物理学名词中英文对照
磁介质 磁化强度 磁化率 分子电流 分子磁矩 顺磁质 抗磁性
magnetic medium magnetization susceptibility molecular current molecular magnetic moment paramagnetism diamagnetism
附 录
3
物理学
第五版
物理学
第五版
物理学名词中英文对照
亨利 磁场能量 磁能密度
henry magnetic field energy magnetic energy density 位移电流 displacement current 电磁场 electromagnetic field 麦克斯韦 Maxwell,James Clerk 麦克斯韦方程组 Maxwell equations


6
物理学
第五版
物理学
第五版
物理学名词中英文对照
铁磁质 磁场强度
相对磁导率 传导电流 磁化电流 磁畴
ferromagnetic material magnetic field intensity Relative permeability conduction current magnetization current magnetic domain
物理学
第五版
物理学名词中英文对照
楞次 楞次定律 动生电动势 感生电动势 有旋电场 涡流
Lenz Lenz law motional electromotive force induced electromotive force curl electric field eddy current

(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照

(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照

(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity 第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity 导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum 电磁感应electromagnetic induction 电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system 反射reflection 非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特V olt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light 光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy source L力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化和守恒定律Law of conservation of energy O欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation 望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion。

电力行业——专业术语英文对照表

电力行业——专业术语英文对照表

电力行业——专业术语英文对照表一.电气名词Electric items交(直)流Alternating (direct) current短路电流Short-circuit current起始次暂态短路电流Initial subtransient short-circuit current 冲击电流Impulse current稳态短路电流Steady state short-circuit current临界电流Critical current切断电流Rupturing current熔断电流Blow-out current故障电流Fault current计算电流Calculating current极限有限电流Limit effective current过电流Over current逆电流Inverse current整定电流Setting current额定电流Rated current电流密度Current density短路电流最大有效值Maximum effective value of short-circuit current高压High-voltage , High-tension低压Low-voltage , Low-tension计算电压Calculating voltage激磁电压Exciting voltage冲击电压Impulse voltage临界电压Critical voltage残留电压Residual voltage击穿电压Puncture voltage脉动电压Pulsating voltage供电电压Supply voltage电力电压Power voltage照明电压Lighting voltage灯丝电压Filament voltage额定电压Rated voltage电压损失Voltage loss过(欠)电压Over (under) voltage线路电压Line voltage电压降Voltage drop工作电压Working voltage一次电压Primary voltage二次电压Secondary voltage电源Electric source (power supply)自控电压Power supply for process control6kV 控制闪光电源Flashing supply for 6kV control 工作电源Working power supply (electric source) 保安电源Emergency power supply (electric source) 直流稳压电源Stabilized D.C. source控制电源Control supply直流电源D.C. source交流电源A.C. source负荷计算Load calculation设备容量Installed capacity需要容量Electric demand功率因数Power factor安装高度Mounting height耐电压Breakdown voltage工频耐压High-voltage test with working frequency 表面闪络Surface flash-over直流泄漏D.C. leakage体电阻率Volume resistivity介质损失角Dielectric loss angle击穿强度Puncture intensity电压等级Voltage grade比重Specific gravity性能Feature相序Phase sequence瞬时Instantaneous倾角Angle of inclination跨度Span正极Positive pole负极Negative pole截面(积) Cross section area辅助电源Auxiliary source遮断容量Interrupting capacity载流量Current-carrying capacity校正系数Correction factor连续负荷Continuous load长期载流量Continuous capacity长时间额定值Longtime rating电动机堵转电流Locked-rotor motor current限定负荷Limited load电感负荷Inductive load感应电流Induced current二.线路(母线、回路)Lines (Bus , circuits)母线Bus-bar合闸电源母线Closing power source bus闪光母线Flashing-bus备用母线Spare bus装在支柱上的插接式母线Post-supported plug-in bus way装在吊钩上的插接式母线Hook-supported plug-in bus way装在支架上的插接式母线Bracket-supported plug-in bus way 小母线Miniature bus电源小母线Power supply miniature bus操作小母线Operating miniature bus事故信号小母线Miniature bus for fault signal闪光小母线Flashing miniature bus主母线Main bus直流主母线D.C. main bus预告母线Prewarning bus干线Main line照明干线Lighting main line接地干线Grounding main line插座干线Receptacle main line电压干线Voltage main line端子出线Terminal outgoing中性线Neutral支线Branch-line引入线Lead-in电气线路Electric circuit交流配电线路A.C. distribution circuit直流配电线路D.C. distribution circuit事故照明线路Emergency lighting circuit控制线路Control circuit接地或接零线路Grounding or neutralizing circuit信号线路Signal circuit有接地极的接地线路网Grounding with grounding electrodes 定子绕组测温回路Temperature measuring circuit for stator winding接地信号回路Grounding signal circuit闪光信号回路Flashing-signal circuit开阀回路Circuit for opening valve关(闭)阀回路Circuit for closing valve开度计回路Circuit for opening meter电流测量回路Current-measuring circuit差动保护回路Differental protective circuit过流保护回路Over-current protective circuit合闸回路Closing circuit停车延时回路Delayed shutdown circuit掉闸回路Trip circuit激磁回路Exciting circuit备用回路Spare circuit主回路Main circuit馈路Feeder circuit现有回路Existing circuit单线回路Single-wire circuit接地回路Earthed circuit有电压的电路Live circuit三.设备Equipments高压开关柜H.V. switchgear动力配电箱Power distribution cabinet电源配电箱Source distribution cabinet直流配电屏D.C. switchboard (distribution panel)交流低压配电屏A.C.L.V. switchboard (distribution panel)静电电容器柜Static capacitor cabinet多种电源插销箱Receptacle box for miscellaneous power supplies控制箱Control cabinet照明配电箱Lighting (distribution panel)连接箱Junction box出线盒Outlet box开关箱Switch box控制台Console分段屏Sectionalizing panel进线屏Incoming line panel电控箱Electric control panel边屏Side board端子箱T erminal box供电盘Power supply box瓶车箱Synchronizing cabinet感应调压器专用变压器高压柜Special transformer H.V. cabinet for inductionvoltage regulator电压互感器柜Potential transformer cabinet信号屏Signal panel浮充屏Floating panel蓄电池屏Battery panel充电屏Charging panel母线联络柜Bus tie cabinet转换开关Transfer switch电压表转换开关Voltmeter change-over switch铁壳开关Metal-clad switch (Iron-clad switch)管式熔断器Cartridge fuse真空断路器Vacuum circuit breaker (V.C.B.)自动开关Automatic switch高压负荷开关H.V. load break switch三极高压断路器3-pole HV circuit-breaker刀开关Knife switch转换开关Transfer switch双极铁壳开关2-pole iron-clad switch风扇变速开关Fan speed regulator switch密闭照明灯开关Hermetic lighting switch防爆照明灯开关Explosion-proof lighting switch行程开关Limit switch高压隔离开关H.V. disconnecting switch明装单极板钮开关Surface-mounted single-pole toggle switch 暗装单极板钮开关Flush-mounted single-pole toggle switch 三路开关Three-way switch气密式组合开关Hermetic packet type switch防护式开关Guard type switch联锁开关Interlock switch操作方式选择开关Selecting switch for types of operation控制电源开关Switch for control supply主令开关Master switch (controller)多切点切换开关Multi-point change-over switch按钮Push-button控制按钮Control push-button防爆控制按钮Explosion-proof control push-button事故紧急按钮Emergency stopping push-button起动按钮Starting push-button停止按钮Stopping push-button现场按钮Push-button in field挡板damper音响解除按钮Push-button for sound release起动器Starter磁力起动器Magnetic starter综合起动器Combination starter (Magnetic starter combination)电力变压器Power transformer调压变压器Voltage regulating transformer电压互感器Potential transformer电流互感器Current transformer照明变压器Lighting transformer三相三绕组变压器3-phase tertiary winding transformer高压试验变压器H.V. testing transformer局部照明变压器Local lighting transformer多量程仪用电流互感器Multi-range current transformer for measurement降压变压器Step-down transformer伺服电动机Servo-motor双电压电动机Dual-voltage motor感应电动机Induction motor交流异步电动机A.C. asynchronous motor同步电动机synchronous motor三相滑环感应电动机3-phase slip-ring induction motor三相鼠笼感应电动机3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor 绕线式电动机Wound-rotor induction motor反应式电动机Reaction motor柴油发电机Diesel generator励磁发电机Excitation generator明装双极插座Surface-mounted 2-pole receptacle暗装双极插座Flush-mounted 2-pole receptacle双极带接地插座2-pole receptacle with grounding contact单相三孔明插座Surface-mounted single phase 3-pole receptacle防护式明装三相四孔插座Guard type surface-mounted 3-phase 4-pole receptacle配照型灯Standard dome lighting fitting搪瓷深照型灯Enameled high bay lighting fitting防水防尘灯Water and dust proof lighting fitting安全灯Safety lighting fitting隔爆灯Explosion-proof lighting fitting弯灯Goose-neck light壁灯Wall light高压水银灯High pressure mercury vapor lighting fitting 投光灯Flood-light (projection light)信号灯Signal lamp天棚灯Ceiling-mounted lighting fitting局部照明灯Local lighting fitting灯座Lamp holder事故照明灯Emergency lighting fitting高压水银荧光灯H.P. mercury fluorescent lighting fitting 广照型工厂灯Wide lit type industrial fitting深照型灯具High bay lighting fitting白炽灯具Incandescent lamp (bulb)圆球型灯Globe lamp嵌入式荧光灯flush type fluorescent lighting fitting红色障碍灯Red obstruction lamp for aviation厂区道路照明灯Street lighting in plant area路灯Street lamp视孔灯Inspection hole lamp立杆弯灯goose-neck post lamp , pole lamp模拟报警信号Semigraph and alarm signal自整角机Selsyn励磁机Exciter显示器Display电位器Potentiometer内电阻Internal resistance固定电阻(器) Fixed resistance脱扣Release , trip分励Shunt trip特殊失压脱扣器Special no-voltage release“或”开关放大器“Or” switch amplifier制动器Brake电容Capacitor整流器Rectifier镇流器Chock分流器Shunt油变阻器Oil immersed rheostat频敏电阻器Frequency sensitive rheostat滑线变阻器Sliding rheostat蜂鸣器Buzzer电机加热器Space heater (for motor)空气断路器电机操作机构Motor operating mechanism for air circuit-breaker可控硅励磁装置Silicon controlled rectifier excitation device 保护装置Protective device (element)闪光装置Flashing device接闪装置(避雷器) Lightning arrester断相保护Phase failure protection四.保护、继电器Protection , relays信号继电器Signal relay过电流继电器Over-current relay电压继电器Voltage relay时间继电器Time relay中间继电器Auxiliary relay热继电器Thermal relay温度继电器T emperature relay瓦斯继电器Gas relay控制电源中间继电器Auxiliary relay for control supply自动操作继电器Relay for auto-operation低电压继电器Under-voltage relay过电压继电器Over-voltage relay联锁继电器Interlock relay冲击继电器Impact relay合闸位置继电器Close position relay逆流继电器Reverse-current relay差流继电器Differential current relay差动继电器Differential relay电流继电器Current relay功率继电器Power relay接地继电器Earthing relay重合闸继电器Reclosing relay同步继电器Synchronous relay速动继电器Quick acting relay定时限继电器Definite time relay光电继电器Photoelectric relay电子继电器Electronic relay电磁式继电器Electromagnetic relay电动式继电器Electrodynamic relay气压继电器Gas-pressure relay继电器常开触点Relay N.O. contact继电器常闭触点Relay N.C. contact继电器保护触点(常开) Relay holding contact (N.O.)能自动返回的常闭按钮触点Self-return button with N.C. contact模拟信号触点Contact for semigraph signal强励磁接点Shock excitation contact电感线圈Induction coil电流线圈Current coil脱扣线圈Trip coil合闸线圈Close coil释放线圈Releasing coil掉闸线圈Tripping coil予告信号Prewarning signal掉闸回路断线信号Breakage signal of trip circuit断路器事故掉闸信号Fault trip signal of breaker掉闸音响信号Tripping audible signal重瓦斯预告信号Heavy gas prewarning signal温度预告信号Temperature prewarning signal手动、自动操作时事故信号Fault signal in manual/automatic operation保护掉闸Protective trip控制掉闸Control trip手动跳闸Manual trip变电所紧急停车Emergency shutdown at substation工艺故障Fault in process励磁故障Fault in excitation工作电源失电报警No-voltage alarm of working electric source工作电源分合闸On and off of working electric source工作电源投入Throw-in of working electric source保安电源送电supply of emergency electric source运转指示Indicating of operation投入指示Indicating of throw-in同步指示Indicating of synchronism延时停车Delayed shutdown电源切除Switch off the power supply速断及过流断通Instantaneous trip and over-current off/on自保持Self-holding自锁Self-lock联锁Interlocking绝缘监视Insulation supervision电压监视Voltage supervision联锁解除Release of interlock工作、保安电源切换Transfer of working and emergency power supply发电机与工作母线并车Synchronization of generator to working bus重瓦斯保护Heavy gas protection开或闭超扭矩保护Over-torque protection during opening and closing valve电机起动顺序Sequence of motor starting铭牌框注字Name plate denotation (inscription)五.电气仪表Electric instruments电流表Ammeter电压表Voltmeter三相三线有功电度表Three-phase three-wire kilowatt-hour meter , kWh meter单相电度表Single-phase kilowatt-hour meter三相无功电度表Three-phase kilovar-hour meter有功功率表Active power meter , kilowatt meter无功功率表Reactive power meter , kilovar meter三相瓦特表(功率表) Three-phase watt meter功率因数表Power factor meter频率表Frequency meter验电流器Galvanoscope欧姆表Ohmmeter相位表Phase meter转速表Tachometer波长表Wave-length meter三相四线制标准电度表3-phase 4-wire standard watthour-meter过载电流表Overload ammeter低功率因数瓦特表Low power-factor wattmeter交直流两用钳型电流表A.C./D.C. multi-purpose tongtester兆欧表Megger , Megohmmeter万用表Avometer微安表Microammeter毫安表Milliammeter各种测量仪表Various kind of measuring instruments接地电阻测量仪Earthing resistance tester真空管电压表Vacuum tube voltmeter电动秒表Electric second-meter六.防雷Lightning protection避雷装置Lightning protector避雷针Lightning rod避雷带Strap type lightning protector避雷网Network of lightning protector避雷针支架Lightning rod support避雷针尖Tip of lightning rod避雷针拉铁Brace for lightning rod避雷器Lightning arrester , surge discharger球型避雷器Spherical arrester管形避雷器Tubular arrester阀形避雷器Auto-valve arrester低压避雷器Low voltage arrester角形避雷器Horn arrester多隙避雷器Multigap arrester铝避雷器Aluminum cell arrester氧化膜避雷器Oxide film arrester击穿保险器Puncture lightning arrester雷击Lightning stroke直接雷击Direct lightning stroke感应雷击Induction lightning stroke雷电日Thunderbolt days雷电或然率Lightning and thunder probability 触电Electric shock静电感应Electrostatic induction七.接地Grounding , earthing接地保护Ground protection , earth protection 防雷接地Grounding for lightning保护接地Protective earthing人工接地Artificial grounding工作接地Working grounding , working earthing 重复接地Multiple earthing屏蔽接地Screen earthing , shielding ground中性点接地Neutral point grounded接地系统Grounding system , earthing system 接地故障Ground fault , earth fault单相接地Single phase earthing母线接地Bus ground接地装置Grounding device , earthing device引下线Down-lead , down conductor引下线固定Clamping plate of support for fixing 支架夹板Down lead引下线固定支脚Support for fixing down lead接地线Ground connector接地干线Ground(ing) main , (bus)接地网Grounding network , earthing network接地极Earth electrode (pole)接地电阻Earth resistance接地电路Earth (ground) circuit连接条Connecting strip断接卡Connecting clamp八.室、所Room , Substation贮藏室Storage套间Compartment蓄电池室Battery room控制室Control room配电室Distribution room维修间Repair room变电所Substation高压配电室H.V. distribution room休息室Rest room九.电修车间设备Equipments of electric repair砂轮机Emery wheel grinder台钻Bench drilling machine交流电焊机A.C. welding machine移动式空气压缩机Portable air compressor手电钻Electric hand drill单速手摇绕线机Single speed hand winding machine导线钳压器Wire jointing press-clamp油压千斤顶Hydraulic jack电吹尘器Electric dust cleaner存放柜Store chest高压试验变压器H.V. testing transformer泄漏试验变压器Leakage testing set大电流发生器Strong current generator油浸自冷感应调压器Oil-immersed self-cooled inductionvoltage regulator多量程仪用电流互感器Multi-range current transformer for measurement仪用电感互感器Instrumental voltage transformer单相自耦变压器Single-phase auto-transformer三相自耦变压器3-phase auto-transformer硅整流器Silicon rectifier仪表试验台T esting stand for instrument接触器,继电器试验台Relay and contactor testing stand慢扫描示波器Slow scanning oscillograph交流电子稳压器A.C. electronic voltage stabilizer携带式交流电桥Portable A.C. electric bridge接地电阻测量仪Earthing resistance tester电缆故障探伤仪Cable fault detector直流单臂电桥D.C. single-arm electric bridge , Wheatstone bridge十.材料Material绝缘包布Insulating tape填料Filler , packing绝缘膏Insulating compound电缆膏Cable compound防腐油Anti-corrosive oil沥青漆Bituminous varnish绝缘漆Insulating varnish瓷漆Enamel varnish有色金属Non-ferrous metal黑色金属ferrous metal白金属White metal云母Mica环氧树脂Epoxy resin聚氯乙烯Polyvinyl chloride , PVC 蜡Wax滑石粉Talc powder电胶木Bakelite聚丙烯外壳Polyacrylic cover耐油橡胶管Oil-proof rubber tubes 接地铜线Grounding copper wire 垫圈Pad塑料绝缘线Plastics insulated wire 橡套电缆Rubber sheathed cable 中间接头Splice填充剂Filling agent绝缘电线Insulated wire移动软电缆Movable flexible cable 补偿导线Extension wire套管Bushing母线槽Busway悬索Cable suspension滑触线Trolley conductor镀锌煤气管Galvanized gas pipe镀锌角钢Galvanized steel angle镀锌扁钢Galvanized steel strap钢丝绳Steel wire rope电笛Siren电磁阀Electromagnetic valve连接片Connecting link切换片Transfering link端子排T erminal board半导体二极管Semiconductor diode 开度计Opening meter逻辑元件Logical element接线盒Junction box仪表槽板Instrument trunking电缆吊架Cable hanger出线套Outgoing line sleeve十一.图名Drawings , diagrams电气图纸目录Contents of electric drawings电力系统图Electric power system diagram照明系统图Lighting system diagram电力平面布置图Electric power layout plan照明平面布置图Lighting layout plan单线图One line diagram控制箱面部布置图Surface arrangement of control box 背部接线图Back wiring (diagram)外部接线图External (outside) wiring diagram内部接线图Internal (inside) wiring diagram控制原理图Principle control diagram原理图Schematic diagram展开图Developed diagram电气标准图Electric standard drawing电气施工图Electric working drawing复用图Reproducibles (drawing)电缆联系图Cable hook-up diagram转换开关接点图Contact diagram of transfer switch箱侧视图Side view of box正视图Front view , facade背视图Back view剖面图Section参考图Reference drawing电缆敷设图Cable laying diagram箱内框架布置图Arrangement of frames inside the cabinet控制箱台面展开图Surface developed diagram of console出线端子示意图Schematic diagram of terminal outgoing lines 端子接线图Diagram of terminal connections电气管线表List of wire , cable and conduits设备材料表List of equipment and materials十二.表头Tables电力系统图Power system diagram引入线Lead in保护设备Protective device型号Type额定值Rating整定值Setting主启动设备回路Circuit to starting device导线型号、芯数、截面及管径Conductor type , cores , section & diameter of conduit线长Wire length管长Conduit length启动设备Starting device型号规格Type , specification保护元件Protective element计量装置Calculating device用电设备主回路Main circuit of electric equipment控制回路Control circuit控制装置Control device用电设备Electric equipment设备容量Consumer capacity生产设备Production equipment位号No. of location名称Name备注Remarks引入线Feed in配电箱Distribution cabinet型号及编号Type and No.开关型号Switch type保护装置Protective device回路编号Circuit No.相别Phase灯数Number of lamps插座数Number of receptacles电缆编号No. of line起点Starting终点Ending母线截面Section of bus零母线Neutral bus屏编号Panel No.型号及方案号Type and variant No.控制原理图号Principle control diagram工艺位号Process item No.十三.标准图词汇Terms from standard DWG电工系统图图形符号Graphic symbols for electric system交流电的相别A.C. phase sequence直流电的正负极D.C. positive and negative poles有中性点引出线的星形连接的三相绕组Star-connected three phase windings withneutral outlet开口三角形连接的三相绕组3-phase winding with open delta connection互相连接的导线Cross connection of wires不连接的跨越导线Crossing wires not in contact with eachother可拆卸的电气连接Removable connection电缆终端头Pothead of cable or cable end自耦变压器Auto-transformer感应调压器Induction voltage regulator凸极同步电动机Salient pole synchronous motor带接换装置的蓄电池组Accumulator battery with tap-changers 空气断路器Air circuit-breaker保持触点Holding contact热元件Thermal element自动复位的操作开关Spring-return operating switch插接器Plug-in connector电喇叭Horn电炉Electric furnace分流器Shunt可控硅整流箱屏Silicon controlled rectifier box panel直流配电屏D.C. distributing panel磁力起动器组Magnetic starter group自动开关箱Automatic switch box行程开关Limit switch局部灯Local lighting fitting荧光灯列Series fluorescent lighting fitting防护式灯开关Protective switch导线引上Conductors turning up导线引下Conductors turning down导线由上引来Conductors turning from above导线由下引来Conductors turning from below电缆沟Cable trench调压器Voltage regulator隔离变压器Isolating transformer击穿保护器Puncturing safety device晶体管Transisorized diode地坪Grade level电缆与水管平行Cable running parallel to a water supply pipe 电缆与热力管道交叉敷设Cable running across heat pipeline 车道Drive way电缆穿管与管道交叉Cable protective pipe across a pipeline 双(单)侧支架电缆沟Trench with rack on both sides (one side) 室外地坪Outdoor grade跨接线Jumper金属软管Flexible metal tube过渡接头Adapter电气工程及其自动化专业术语翻译transistor 晶体管audion 三极管capacitance 电容Diesel 柴油机AC- motors 交流电机transistorcoupling 联结耦合current carrying capacity 载流能力(最大允许电流)conductivity 传导性in isolation 绝缘lead 导线leakage current 泄漏电流inductance 感应系数loops 线圈macroprocessor 微处理器multimedia show 多媒体展示medium-power distribution 中压配电motor and soft starters 电机及软起动器numerical controls 数控系统optimal 最佳的,最理想的overload relays 过载继电器overshoot 过冲peak current 峰值电流power dissipation 电力分散process automation 过程自动化process instrumentation and analytics 过程仪表及分析仪器punch 穿孔,冲压reactance 电抗recharge 再充regulated power supply 稳压电源resistance 阻抗resistor 电阻器resonate 共振self-inductance 自感应series inductance 串联感应simulation 模拟switching 配电;交流thermal cycle 热循环thickness 厚度voltage regulator 调压器warping 扭曲,变形wiring layout 线路配置图AC-drives 交流变频器asymmetrical 非对称的attenuation 衰减bridged impedance 桥接阻抗cable bridge 电缆桥架charge 电荷circuit schematic diagram 电路原理图解coefficient 系数configuration 构造constant 常量copper sheet 铜片damping 阻尼decomposition 分解decouple 分离delay circuit 延迟电路dielectric sheets 介电原片diode clamping 钳位edge connector 边缘连接器electrical infrastructure 电气基础设施electrical installation 电气安装技术equations set 方程组four-layer 四层hookup 接线图human machine interface 人机界面impedance 阻抗incidence 入射incident wave 入射波incorporated 合成一体的instantaneous 瞬间的interleaved 交叉load admittance 负载导纳lumped 集中的modal 模式的modeling 建模motor management systems 电机管理系统mounting pads 安装垫片noise margins 噪音安全系数proximity effect 邻近效应radian 弧度resistive 有抵抗力的schematic 示意图services & industry solutions 服务和工业解决方案terminator 终结器undershoot 负脉冲信号;下。

EDEXCEL IGCSE PHYSICS 6-2 Electric Motors and Electromagnetic

EDEXCEL IGCSE PHYSICS 6-2 Electric Motors and Electromagnetic

Motor effect - Fendt
The electric motor
Electric current flowing around the coil of the electric motor produces oppositely directed forces on each side of the coil.
Red type: Triple Science Only
d) Electromagnetic induction
recall that a voltage is induced in a conductor or a coil when it moves through a magnetic field or when a magnetic field changes through it; also recall the factors which affect the size of the induced voltage
subsequent slides by ‘TRIPLE ONLY’
April 5th 2012
Edexcel IGCSE Specification
Section 6: Magnetism and electromagnetism
c) Electromagnetism appreciate that there is a force on a charged particle when it moves in a magnetic field as long as its motion is not parallel to the field
describe the generation of electricity by the rotation of a magnet within a coil of wire and of a coil of wire within a magnetic field; also describe the factors which affect the size of the induced voltage

电磁学(梁灿彬)第六章电磁感应与暂态过程[详细讲解]

电磁学(梁灿彬)第六章电磁感应与暂态过程[详细讲解]

§1 电磁感应 (electromagnetic induction)
一、电磁感应现象 1820年,奥斯特第一次发现电流能够产生磁,法拉第坚信磁能够产生电,并以精湛的 实验技巧和敏锐的捕捉现象的能力,经过十年不懈的努力,终于在1831年8月29日第一次 观察到电流变化时产生的感应现象。紧接着,他做了一系列实验,用来判明产生感应电流 的条件和决定感应电流的因素,揭示了感应现象的奥秘。
f
f
二、动生电动势的计算
计算动生电动势的方法有两种:
1.用洛仑兹力公式推导出的计算;

2.用法拉第定律计算。
V B d l 动
d dt
第二种方法中,若是闭合电路,可用公式求出回路的动生电动势;若是一 段开路导体,则将其配成为闭合电路,仍可用此式计算,所求得的是导体两端 的电动势。

C
由于

, , 且 、 为常量 V B B, 方向一致 的方向与 V B d l

v
D VL是L在单位时间扫过的面积 ,VBL是线框在单位时间内磁通量的变化量,即 上式实际为 动 C
VBdl VBl
动生电动势只存在于运动的导体部分,而不动的那部分导体只是提供电流可 运行的通路。
法拉第电磁感应定律指出,不论什麽原因,只要穿过回路所围面积 的磁通量发生变化,回路中就产生感应电动势。磁通量发生变化的方式主 要有两种: (1)磁场不变,而闭合电路的整体或局部在磁场中运动,导致回 路中磁通量的变化,这样产生的感应电动势称为动生电动势
(2)闭合电路的任何部分都不动,因空间磁场发生变化,导致回路中磁 通量的变化,这样产生的感应电动势称为感生电动势。 如果磁场变化的同时,闭合电路也运动,所产生的感应电动势就是动生电 动势和感生电动势的叠加。 电动势是由非静电力移动电荷做功而形成的,产生动生电动势和感生电动 势的非静电力究竟是什么?

电磁感应定律和电感

电磁感应定律和电感

电磁感应定律和电感Title: Electromagnetic Induction Law and InductanceElectromagnetic induction is the generation of an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor in response to a change in the magnetic field through which the conductor passes.This phenomenon is governed by Faraday"s law of electromagnetic induction, which states that the magnitude of the induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the conductor.Mathematically, this can be expressed as:电磁感应是指在导体中产生电动势(emf)的现象,这是由于导体通过的磁场发生变化所引起的。

这一现象由法拉第的电磁感应定律所支配,该定律指出,感应的emf的大小与通过导体的磁通量的变化率成正比。

数学上,这可以表示为:ε= -dΦ/dtwhere εis the induced emf, Φis the magnetic flux, and dt is the change in time.The negative sign indicates that the induced emf opposes the change in magnetic flux, a principle known as Lenz"s law.其中ε是感应的emf,Φ是磁通量,dt是时间的变化。

电磁感应定律(双语)

电磁感应定律(双语)

When the induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, there is an electric field to push the charges to move in the coil, and this induced electric field is denoted as E.
The law of electromagnetic induction is one of basic laws for time-varying electromagnetic fields, and it is also one of Maxwell’s equations.
2. Inductances
1. Law of Electromagnetic Induction
From physics we know that when the magnetic flux through a
closed coil is changing, an induced electromotive force e will be
Considering SB dS , we have
lE
dl
t
SB
dS
eI
Which is called the law of electromagnetic induction, and it shows that when the magnetic field through a closed coil is changing, an induced electric field will be generated in the coil.
If the magnetic flux is increased with time, the direction of the induced electromotive force and that of the magnetic flux obey the left hand rule. if the magnetic flux is decreased with time, they will obey the right hand rule.

2021华侨、港澳台联考物理考试大纲

2021华侨、港澳台联考物理考试大纲

2021华侨、港澳台联考物理考试大纲Ⅰ.考试要求1.理解本大纲中所列的基础物理知识(包括现象、概念、定律和应用)。

2.掌握本大纲中所涉及的科学方法和技能(包括实验方法和实验技能)。

3.能够运用基础物理知识、方法和技能解决具体问题。

关于考试要求的几点说明:(1)本大纲既包含理论知识,也包含实验知识。

但考试时,实验知识只要求用书面回答,不要求考生在考场动手做实验。

(2)本大纲所涉及的数学知识包括三角、代数、几何、解析几何等普通数学知识。

微积分不作要求。

(3)一般采用国际单位制(SI)。

但也要求熟悉下列符号:μ(微),m(毫),k(千),cm(厘米)。

还要求会用下列一些单位:A(埃),degree(度,指角度),℃(摄氏度),eV(电子伏特),kWh(千瓦小时),atm(标准大气压),mmHg(毫米汞高),以及年、日、小时、分、秒。

(4)考试答卷时,物理专用名词可以写成英文。

Ⅱ.考试内容考试内容包括力学、热学、电磁学、光学、原子物理学(包括核物理)五部分及实验。

一、力学1.运动学(kinematics)标量(scalars)和矢量(vectors),矢量的加法,矢量的分解(限于二纳)。

质点。

位移和路程。

速度。

加速度。

相对速度(relative velocity)。

匀速运动。

匀变速运动。

落体和抛体运动。

图示法(s-υ图,υ-t图)。

曲线运动:钭抛运动。

匀速圆周运动,线速度和角速度,向心加速度。

2.牛顿运动定律(Newton's law of motion)和万有引力定律(Law of universal gravitation)牛顿第一定律。

惯性(inertia)牛顿第二定律。

力。

质量。

牛顿第三定律。

万有引力定律。

弹性力。

胡克定律(Hooke's law)。

摩擦力。

静摩擦和静摩擦系数。

滑动摩擦和滑动摩擦系数。

牛顿定律的应用。

质点做圆周运动时的向心力。

人造地球卫星的运动(限于圆轨道)。

3.物体的平衡(equilbrium)共点力作用下物体的平衡。

电磁感应原理

电磁感应原理

电磁感应原理
电磁感应现象是指放在变化磁通量中的导体,会产生电动势.此电动势称为感应电动势或感生电动势,若将此导体闭合成一回路,则该电动势会驱使电子流动,形成感应电流(感生电流).
电磁感应(Electromagnetic induction) 现象是指放在变化磁通量中的导体,会产生电动势。

此电动势称为感应电动势或感生电动势,若将此导体闭合成一回路,则该电动势会驱使电子流动,形成感应电流(感生电流)
迈克尔·法拉第是一般被认定为于1831年发现了电磁感应的人,虽然Francesco Zantedeschi1829年的工作可能对此有所预见。

电磁感应是指因为磁通量变化产生感应电动势的现象。

电磁感应现象的发现,是电磁学领域中最伟大的成就之一。

它不仅揭示了电与磁之间的内在联系,而且为电与磁之间的相互转化奠定了实验基础,为人类获取巨大而廉价的电能开辟了道路,在实用上有重大意义。

电磁感应现象的发现,标志着一场重大的工业和技术革命的到来。

事实证明,电磁感应在电工、电子技术、电气化、自动化方面的广泛应用对推动社会生产力和科学技术的发展发挥了重要的作用。

若闭合电路为一个n匝的线圈,则又可表示为:式中n为线圈匝数,ΔΦ为磁通量变化量,单位Wb(韦伯) ,Δt为发生变化所用时间,单位为s.ε 为产生的感应电动势,单位为V( 伏特,简称伏)。

电磁感应俗称磁生电,多应用于发电机。

5.1电磁感应现象(electromagneticinduction)

5.1电磁感应现象(electromagneticinduction)

选取回路绕行方向为
逆时针方向
Blx
d Bl dx Blv
dt
dt
( 沿逆时针方向)
如果回路不是单匝线框而是多匝的线圈,
那么磁通量变化时,每匝线圈中都将产生
感应电动势。如果线圈是串联的,则
d1 d2 dN
dt dt
dt
d
d
dt (1 2 N ) dt
叫做磁通匝链数(flux linkage)(全磁通)
5.1 电磁感应现象 (electromagnetic induction)
实验一:单从这一实验来分析,可以推测产生感应电流的 原因可能是电流的变化,或者是因电流的变化而导致的线 圈A中的磁场的变化。
实验二:这一实验可帮助我们得到这样的判断,不论用什
么方法,只要使线圈A处的磁场发生变化,线圈A中就会产 生感应电流。
角速度为,如有均匀场垂直纸面向外,棒上有
动生电动势产生。
d (v B) dl lBdl
L
lBdl
1
BL2
0
2
的方向由O指向A
例1:P293习题4
解:B 0I ,d (v B) dl
2 r
dAB =v
0I 2 r
dl cos
4
0 Iv 2 r
dr
AB =
b+a b
0Iv dr 2 r
回路法线方向的确定:对于给定的回路,要首先标定其绕向, 而回路所围曲面的法线方向则要由标定的回路的绕向由右手 定则确定:将右手四指弯曲用以代表选定的回路绕行方向, 则伸直的拇指指向法线n的方向。
根据楞次定律
确定与 d 的
dt 符号间的关系
不论哪一种情况,的符号都与 d 相反,

新世纪大学英语综合教程4第四册unit2_Technology_and_Happiness

新世纪大学英语综合教程4第四册unit2_Technology_and_Happiness

Structure Analysis
• Paragraph.1-2 Material and technological advances do not really bring happiness to people in the developed countries. Though Americans now are wealthier than they were in the middle of the last century, they are not happier than they used to be.
Something about the topic
Picture
Video
Picture Electric appliances 电子装置 Electric fan 电风扇
electric 电熨斗
iron
electric shaver 电动剃须刀
Smoke Exhauster 吸油烟机
Water dispenser
Company Logo
life expectancy:
the length of time that a person or animal is expected to live Women still have a longer life expectancy than men. 这个部落人的平均寿命是40岁。 The average life expectancy of the people in this tribe is 40 years. Collocations: low life expectancy high life expectancy a life expectancy of 50 years 预期寿命短 预期寿命长 预期寿命50年

电磁感应ElectromagneticInduction电磁场Electromagnetic

电磁感应ElectromagneticInduction电磁场Electromagnetic
Ek
I
L cos Ivtan 0 dx εi Ek dl 0 L 2 ( x a)
dl
A
v
0 Ivtan a L cos ln( ) 2 a
a

O
x
x dx
i 0,
电动势方向: O A
A点电势高
三、感生电动势的计算
a
0
2 dt
a
l
dl b
r 2 h 2 (l
R 2 3 ) , h R, 2 2
cos
h r
r dB E , r R, 感 2 dt 感生电场: 2 E R dB , r R, 感 2r dt
ab
R
0
3 2 dB h dB h dB R R , dl d l 0 4 dt 2 dt 2 dt
例 6: 一同轴电缆,由半径分别为R1、 R2的两同轴导体圆柱面组成, 电流 I 从中间导体圆柱面流入,从外层圆柱面流出构成闭合回路, 求:长为l 的一段电缆内的磁场能量。 解: 1、方法一: 由安培环路定理可得:
0, (r R1 ) I B 0 , ( R1 r R2 ) 2 r ( R2 r ) 0,
ab 0, 电动势方向: a b,
b点电势高
例 3:
一半径为 R 的长直螺线管中的电流随时间变化,若管内磁感应强度 dB 随时间增大,即 恒量 0 ,长直螺线管一截面内放置长为R的 dt 金属棒,如图所示,求棒中的感生电动势。 E内 半径 B B外 0 o a oa E内 dl 0, bo b E内 dl 0 o oabo oa ab bo ab o E内

《建筑物防雷设计规范》gb50057-200

《建筑物防雷设计规范》gb50057-200

本规范修订的主要内容为:?1.增加了术语一章;?2.变更防接触电压和防跨步电压的措施;3.补充外部防雷装置采用不同金属物的要求;4.修改防侧击的规定;5.详细规定电气系统和电子系统选用电涌保护器的要求;?6.简化了雷击大地的年平均密度计算公式,并相应调整了预计雷击次数判定建筑物的防雷分类的数值。

7.部分条款作了更具体的要求。

本规范中以黑体字标志的条文为强制性条文,必须严格执行。

1 总则地采取,防止或减少雷击建(构)筑物所发生的,以及,做到,制定本规范。

?等的基础上,详细研究并确定。

?2 术?语2.0.1 ?对地闪击? lightning flash to earth雷云与大地(含地上的突出物)之间的一次或多次放电。

?2.0.2?雷击??? lightning stroke对地闪击中的一次放电。

??? point of strike闪击击在大地或其上突出物上的那一点。

一次闪击可能有多个雷击点。

?2.0.4 ?雷电流?? lightning current?流经雷击点的电流。

??? lightning protection system (LPS)用于减少闪击击于建(构)筑物上或建(构)筑物附近造成的物质性损害和人身伤亡,由外部防雷装置和内部防雷装置组成。

?2.0.6?外部防雷装置??? external lightning protection system由接闪器、引下线和接地装置组成。

2.0.7?内部防雷装置 internal lightning protection system由防雷等电位连接和与外部防雷装置的间隔距离组成。

????? air-termination system由拦截闪击的接闪杆、接闪带、接闪线、接闪网以及金属屋面、金属构件等组成。

2.0.9?引下线??? down-conductor system用于将雷电流从接闪器传导至接地装置的导体。

??接地装置???? earth-termination system接地体和接地线的总合,用于传导雷电流并将其流散入大地。

电磁感应-电磁场英文名词

电磁感应-电磁场英文名词

附录
6
物理学
第五版
物理学
第五版
磁化曲线 磁滞 磁滞回线 磁滯损耗 剩磁 退磁
物理学名词中英文对照
magnetization curve hysteresis hysteresis loop hysteresis loss remanent magnetization demagnetization
第五版
物理学
第五版
物理学名词中英文对照
电磁阻尼 自感 自感电动势 自感系数 互感 互感电动势 互感系数
electromagnetic damping self-inductance self-induced emf self-induced coefficient mutual inductance emf of mutual induction mutual induction coefficient
附录
7
物理学
第五版
物理学
第五版
铁磁质 磁场强度
相对磁导率 传导电流 磁化电流 磁畴
物理学名词中英文对照
ferromagnetic material magnetic field intensity Relative permeability conduction current magnetization current magnetic domain
物理学
第五版
楞次 楞次定律 动生电动势
感生电动势
有旋电场 涡流
物理学名词中英文对照
Lenz Lenz law motional electromotive force induced electromotive force curl electric field eddy current

表示呼吸的英文单词有哪些

表示呼吸的英文单词有哪些

表示呼吸的英文单词有哪些表示呼吸的英文单词有哪些呼吸是所有动物都需要的,而很多人都不知道有哪些英文单词是表示呼吸这一动作的。

一起来看看店铺为大家整理收集了表示呼吸的几个具体英文单词及相关例句吧,欢迎大家阅读!表示呼吸的英文单词:breathing英 [bri:] 美 [bri]原级:breathe第三人称单数:breathes过去分词:breathed过去式:breathed情景对话Emergency-(突发情况)A:Look, Jim. That man just fell down over there.瞧,吉姆,那边有人摔下来了。

B:We better see if he’s o.k.我们最好去看看他是否没事。

A:Sir…sir? Are you all right? Sir?先生,先生,你还好吗?先生?B:He’s not answering. You’d better check his pulse and breathing.没有回应。

检查一下他的脉搏和呼吸。

A:Oh, no. He’s not breathing, and there’s no pulse. Call 911.喔,天,呼吸没有了,脉搏也停了。

拨911。

B:Hello? Yes. Someone has passed out at Connecticut Ave. and 1st St. He isn’t breathing and does not have a pulse. Yes. My friend is perfomp3ing CPR. OK. Thank you. They’re sending an ambulance. Here, let me help.喂?是的,有人在康涅狄格大道和第一大街之间昏倒了,没有呼吸和脉搏。

是的,我的朋友在给他做CPR.好的,谢谢你,他们正派了一辆急救车,来,我来帮手。

表示呼吸的英文单词:breath英[breθ]美[brθ]第三人称复数:breaths相关词组1. hold one's breath : 屏息;2. catch one's breath : 喘息, 屏息;3. take breath : 歇口气;4. in one breath : 一口气, 同时;5. in a breath : 一口气;6. in the same breath : 同时;7. under one's breath : 低声地;8. short of breath : 呼吸短促;9. out of breath : 上气不接下气;10. with bated breath : 屏息地;11. lose one's breath : 喘不过气;表示呼吸的'英文单词:respire英 [rspa(r)] 美 [r'spar]第三人称单数:respires现在分词:respiring过去分词:respired过去式:respired1. Further, nothing in the concept of life rules out the possibility that there could be living beings that are immortal, and don't reproduce, that are tree-like (so don't locomote), get their energy by electromagnetic induction (so don't digest or excrete), and have no need for any substance in the air (so don't respire).其次注意到,在`生命`概念里没有去除这样的可能性:有活物是不死的、不繁殖的、像树一样,通过电磁感应获得能量(所以是无需消化和排泄的),无需空气中的物质。

电磁感应定律_1讲解

电磁感应定律_1讲解
楞次是俄国物理学家和地球物理学家,生 于爱沙尼亚的多尔帕特。早年曾参加地球物 理观测活动,发现并正确解释了大西洋、太 平洋、印度洋海水含盐量不同的现象, 1845年倡导组织了俄国地球物理学会。 1836年至1865年任圣彼得堡大学教授,兼 任海军和师范等院校物理学教授。
楞次主要从事电学的研究。楞次定律对充实、完善电磁感应规 律是一大贡献。1842年,楞次还和焦耳各自独立地确定了电流 热效应的规律,这就是大家熟知的焦耳——楞次定律。他还定量 地比较了不同金属线的电阻率,确定了电阻率与温度的关系;并 建立了电磁铁吸力正比于磁化电流二次方的定律。
•1831年11月24日,Faraday发现电磁感应现象 •1834年,Lenz在分析实验的基础上,总结出了判断感应电流方 向的法则 •1845年,Neumann借助于安培的分析,从矢势的角度推出了电 磁感应定律的数学形式
法拉第(Michael Faraday 1791—1867)
伟大的英国物理学家和化学家。法拉第 主要从事电学、磁学、磁光学、电化学 方面的研究,并在这些领域取得了一系 列重大发现。他创造性地提出场的思想。 他是电磁理论的创始人之一,于1831 年发现电磁感应现象,后又相继发现电 解定律,物质的抗磁性和顺磁性,以及 光的偏振面在磁场中的旋转。电动机、 发电机都是他发明的,他为人类进入电 气化时代奠定了基础.
2、电磁感应的典型实验
S
N
?
相对运动
感应电流
①相对运动
K
②磁场变化
磁场变化 ? 感应电流
w
B
B
v
θ
n0
③ S 变化
④ θ 变化
磁通量变化
结论
感应电流
当穿过闭合回路的磁通量发生变化时,回路中就产生感应电动 势,从而形成感应电流,且电流的大小与磁通量变化的快慢有关.此 现象称电磁感应现象.

电感(Inductor)知识

电感(Inductor)知识

电感是什么?电感diàngǎn[INDUCTORS] 电路在如下电流发生变化时能产生电动势的性质。

也指利用此性质制成的元件什么是电感器、变压器?电感器(电感线圈)和变压器均是用绝缘导线(例如漆包线、纱包线等)绕制而成的电磁感应元件,也是电子电路中常用的元器件之一,相关产品如共膜滤波器等。

一、自感与互感(一)自感当线圈中有电流通过时,线圈的周围就会产生磁场。

当线圈中电流发生变化时,其周围的磁场也产生相应的变化,此变化的磁场可使线圈自身产生感应电动势(电动势用以表示有源元件理想电源的端电压),这就是自感。

(二)互感两个电感线圈相互靠近时,一个电感线圈的磁场变化将影响另一个电感线圈,这种影响就是互感。

互感的大小取决于电感线圈的自感与两个电感线圈耦合的程度。

电感的作用是什么?电感:在电路中电流发生变化时能产生电动势的性质称为电感,电感又分为自感和互感。

(一)自感:当线圈中有电流通过时,线圈的周围就会产生磁场。

当线圈中电流发生变化时,其周围的磁场也产生相应的变化,此变化的磁场可使线圈自身产生感应电动势(电动势用以表示有源元件理想电源的端电压),这就是自感。

(二)互感:两个电感线圈相互靠近时,一个电感线圈的磁场变化将影响另一个电感线圈,这种影响就是互感。

互感的大小取决于电感线圈的自感与两个电感线圈耦合的程度。

利用电感的特特性应制造电感器作用是对交流信号进行隔离、滤波或与电容器、电阻器等组成谐振电路,制造出变压器起到隔离或改变电压作用,制造电动机做设备的动力。

寄生电感寄生电感一半是在PCB过孔设计所要考虑的。

在高速数字电路的设计中,过孔的寄生电感带来的危害往往大于寄生电容的影响。

它的寄生串联电感会削弱旁路电容的贡献,减弱整个电源系统的滤波效用。

我们可以用下面的公式来简单地计算一个过孔近似的寄生电感:L=5.08h[ln(4h/d)+1]其中L指过孔的电感,h是过孔的长度,d是中心钻孔的直径。

从式中可以看出,过孔的直径对电感的影响较小,而对电感影响最大的是过孔的长度。

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