04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1)
《现代语言学》自考真题试题与答案解析
《现代语言学》自考真题试题与答案解析
卷面总分:98分答题时间:80分钟试卷题量:49题
一、单选题(共39题,共78分)
1.
A linguistic theory is constructed about what______is and how it works.∙ ngue
∙ B.linguist
∙ nguage
∙ D.learning
正确答案:C
本题解析:
语言的研究过程可以总结为:首先,要观察某些语言材料,从而发现一些共性并对其加以总结;其次,根据这些总结提出一些假设来解释这些语言材料,然后再通过进一步的观察来验证这些假设的正确性;最后建立一套语言学理论来说明语言的本质内容以及这些语言是如何发挥作用的。
2.
We refer to the limited range of sounds as the phonic medium of
language and individual sounds within that range as______.
∙ A.vowels
∙ B.consonants
∙ C.sounds
∙ D.speech sounds
正确答案:D
本题解析:
在语言交际中占有一席之地、由人类的发音器官所发出来的声音在数量上是有限的。这些范围有限,但对人类交际活动意义重大、对语言学研究价值不菲的声音就是语言的音响媒介,凡是在这个范围内的每个单个的声音都叫做语音。
3.
The basic unit in the study of morphology is______.
∙ A.the internal structure
全国自考《现代语言学》历年真题及详解【圣才出品】
全国⾃考《现代语⾔学》历年真题及详解【圣才出品】2015年10⽉全国⾃考《现代语⾔学》真题及详解
课程代码:00830
选择题部分
I.Directions:Read each of the following statements carefully.Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(2%×10=20%)
1.A study of the features of the English language used in Charles Dickens’time can be regarded as a _____study.
A.diachronic
B.prescriptive
C.synchronic
D.historical
【答案】C
【解析】研究某⼀时期的语⾔特征属于共时研究,故选C项。
2.Of the following consonants,_____is dental.
A.[t]
B.[p]
C.[?]
D.[θ]
【答案】D
【解析】[θ]是⾆齿⾳,故D项正确。[t]是齿龈⾳(alveolar),[p]爆破⾳(plosive),[?]是腭⾳(palatal)。
3.The inflectional morpheme in the word“deforestated”is_____.
自考《现代语言学》试题题型培训课件
自考《现代语言学》
试题题型
现代语言学试题
题型举例
Ⅰ. Define the following terms, giving examples for illustration (20%; 5 terms ):
1.duality-----
2.free morpheme----
3.phonology ------
4.context-------
5.polysemy ------
Ⅱ. Indicate the following statements true or false (20%; 20 statements): ( )1. While language is arbitrary by nature, it is not entirely arbitrary.
( )2. Phonology is a branch of linguistics which studies the sentence pattern of a language.
( )3. Phonemes are the smallest meaningful unit of language.
( )4. Modern linguists regard the written language as primary, not the spoken.
( )5. English is a typical tone language.
Ⅲ. Fill each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given (20%; 20 blanks):
英语自考现代语言学简答题
第一章 绪论
Because there are words in every language that imitate natural sounds, such as crash, bang in English .besides, some compound words are also not entirely arbitrary .these words cannot be made freely .
Because the details of any language are not genetically transmitted ,but instead have to be taught and learned anew . it is passed on from one generation to another through teaching
and learning rather than by instinct . in contrast ,animals are born with the capacity to produce the set of calls peculiar to their species, so animals call system are genetically transmitted. The duality nature of language means that language is system ,which consists off two sets of structures ,or two levels ,one of sounds and the other of meanings . at the lower or the
自考或考研语言学概论自考试题与答案
全国2003年10月
一、单项选择题(本大题共26小题,每小题1分,共26分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号。错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.语言符号具有可变性的根本原因在于语言符号的( A )
A.任意性
B.强制性
C.离散性
D.线性
2.音高取决于( B )
A.发音体振动的振幅
B.发音体振动的频率
C.发音体振动的持续时间
D.共鸣器的形状
3.听觉上最自然、最容易分辨的最小语音单位是( D )
A.音素
B.音位
C.音渡
D.音节
4.就词重音而言,不能用来区别意义的是(C)
A.自由重音
B.移动重音
C.固定重音
D.不固定重音
5.话“慢”单念时读[man],但“慢慢儿”却有人读做[mai mar],前一音节的语流音变现象是( B )
A.同化
B.异化
C.弱儿
D.增音
6.“奥林匹克运动会”这个词包含的语素数量是()
A.2个
B.3个
C.4个
D.7个
7.英语“worker”中的“-er”是()
A.构词语素
B.构形语素
C.虚词语素
D.词根语素
8.下列汉语词语中的“儿”不属于词根语素(实义语素)的是()
A.健儿
B.女儿
C.少儿
D.花儿
9.整个语汇系统的核心和基础是()
A.通用语汇
B.常用语汇
C.一般语汇
D.基本语汇
10.一般语汇(非基本语汇)最重要的来源是()
A.古语词
B.方言词
C.新造词
D.外来词
11.词组的聚合关系分类是指把词组分成()
A.向心词组和离心词组
B.联合词组和偏正词组
C.基本词组和特殊词组
D.简单词组和复杂词组
12.把句子分成“单句”和“复句”,这种分类是()
(全新整理)10月现代语言学全国自考试卷及答案解析
全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试
现代语言学试题
课程代码:00830
I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. (2% ×10=20%)
1. Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any _______________system of communication.
A. artificial
B. non-linguistic
C. animal
D. abstract
2. If you put a finger in each e ar and say “z-z-z-z-z”, you can feel the vibrations of the _______________.
A. glottis
B. windpipe
C. larynx
D. vocal cords
3. In the word suitable, “-able” is a _______________morpheme.
A. derivational
B. inflectional
现代语言学自考题-13_真题-无答案
现代语言学自考题-13
(总分100,考试时间90分钟)
PART ONE
Ⅰ.There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can **plete the statement.
1. We refer to the limited range of sounds as the phonic medium of language and individual sounds within that range as ______.A. vowels B. consonants C. sounds D. speech sounds
2. The study of how people use their speech organs to produce speech sounds is of great interest to those working in the area of ______.A. phonology B. articulatory phonetics C. auditory phonetics D. acoustic phonetics
3. ______ phonetics looks at the sounds from the hearer's point of view and studies how the sounds are perceived by the hearer.A. Articulatory B. Auditory C. Acoustic D. Oral
自学考试《现代语言学》自测试题带答案
自学考试《现代语言学》自测试题带答案
自学考试《现代语言学》自测试题带答案
高等教育自学考试,简称自考,是一种对自学者进行以学历考试为主的,个人自学、社会助学和国家考试相结合的'高等教育考试制度,创立于20世纪80年代初。下面是店铺收集整理的自学考试《现代语言学》自测试题带答案,希望大家喜欢。
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice
Directions:Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)
1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare’s play “Romeo and Juliet”: “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” well illustrates _______.( )
A.the conventional nature of language
B.the creative nature of language
C.the universality of language
D.the big difference between human language and animal communication
现代语言学历年真题及答案_1月-10月_之欧阳德创编
全国2011年1月自学考试现代语言学试题
课程代码:00830
I . Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. (2% ×
10=20% )
1.There is a difference between what we know, which is our linguistic competence, and howwe use this knowledge in actual speech production and______, which is our linguisticperformance. ( )
A. creation
B. communication
C. comprehension
D. perception
2.The sounds that begin
and end the words
church and judge are
voiceless and voiced
______,respectively. ( )
A. affricates
B. stops
C. velars
D. palatals
3.Morphemes which represent such grammatical categories as number, tense, gender, and caseare called _______ morphemes. ( )
现代语言学自考题-20_真题-无答案
现代语言学自考题-20
(总分100,考试时间90分钟)
Ⅰ.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.
1. English is rich in synonyms for historical reasons **plete synonyms, i.e. synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances, are rare.
A. 正确
B. 错误
2. Meaning is central to the study of communication.
A. 正确
B. 错误
3. The conceptualist view of meaning holds that there is no direct link between a symbol and reference, i.e. between language and thought.
A. 正确
B. 错误
4. In the classic semantic triangle, the symbol is not directly related to the referent.
A. 正确
B. 错误
5. The conceptualist view can be illustrated by the semantic triangle in which the symbol refers to the words or phrases.
04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1)
04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1)
04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1) 课程代码:00830
ⅰ.directions: read each of the following statements carefully. decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter a,b,c or d in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)
uses the term ( ) to refer to the actual realization of a language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.
a. langue
b. competence
c. parole
d. performance
terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds share the feature of ( ).
a. palatal
b. alveolar
c. bilabial
d. dental
generative grammar was introduced by ( ) in 1957.
a. l. bloomfield
b. f. saussure
c. n. chomsky a. k. halliday
languages are viewed to vary according to ( ) set on ug principles to particular values.
全国自考语言学概论(语言和语言学、语汇)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
全国自考语言学概论(语言和语言学、语汇)模拟试卷1(题后含答
案及解析)
全部题型 3. 名词解释 4. 简答题 6. 论述题
名词解释
1.口语和书面语
正确答案:前者指有声的口头语言,后者指经过加工、提炼和发展了的口语的书面形式。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
2.符号
正确答案:根据社会的约定俗成使用某种特定的物质实体来表示某种特定的意义而形成的这种实体和意义的结合体。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
3.能指
正确答案:语言符号的物质实体,能够指称某种意义的成分。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
4.所指
正确答案:语言符号所指的意义内容。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
5.组合关系
正确答案:一个语言单位和前一个或后一个语言单位,或和前后两个语言单位之间的关系叫组合关系,也叫“句段关系”。它体现在互相关联的语言单位组成的整体中。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
6.聚合关系
正确答案:在同一个位置上可以互相替换出现的各个语言单位间的关系。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
7.应用语言学
正确答案:把语言学的理论和具体成果用来为社会实际生活中的某个领域服务,这是广义的应用语言学;狭义的应用语言学指专门研究语言教学中的理论和方法。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
8.传统语言学
正确答案:一般泛指20世纪以前的语言学,特别是指索绪尔开创的结构主义语言学以前的语言学。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
9.结构主义语言学
正确答案:由索绪尔创立的语言学,它主要研究语言系统本身的内在规律。涉及知识点:语言和语言学
10.语汇
正确答案:语汇指一种语言中词和语的总和,是一个特定的集合概念。涉及知识点:语汇
现代语言学自考题-4
现代语言学自考题-4
(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)
一、{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}(总题数:0,分数:0.00)
二、{{B}}Ⅰ{{/B}}(总题数:10,分数:20.00)
1.The study of language as a whole is often called ______ linguistics.
∙ A. particular
∙ B. general
∙ C. ordinary
∙ D. generative
(分数:2.00)
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析:[解析] 把语言作为一个整体而进行的全面的语言学研究一般称为普通语言学。
2.Acoustic phoneticians try to describe the ______ properties of the stream of sounds which a speaker issues.
∙ A. oral
∙ B. mental
∙ C. physical
∙ D. recorded
(分数:2.00)
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析:[解析] 语音学研究中,有一种方法是人们通过观察声音通过空气从一个人传给另一个人的物质手段——音波,来研究声音传导的方式,它叫做声学语音学。
3.In the word suitable, "______ able" is a morpheme.
∙ A. derivational
∙ B. inflectional
∙ C. root
∙ D. stem
(分数:2.00)
A. √
B.
D.
解析:[解析] 英语中黏着词素分为词根和词缀。词根有较清晰、确切的意思。词缀分为屈折词缀(inflectional affixes)和派生词缀(derivational affixes)。屈折词缀表示诸如数、时态等的语法关系。很显然题干中-able并没有语法范畴含义,它只是加到suit后使其改变为形容词,所以它是派生词素。4.The subordinate clause in a complex sentence is normally called ______ clause.
语言学概论自考试题及答案
语言学概论自考试题及答案
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)
1. 语言学是研究什么的学科?
A. 语言的发音
B. 语言的结构
C. 语言的使用
D. 语言的起源
答案:B
2. 下列哪项不是语言学的分支?
A. 语音学
B. 语法学
C. 心理学
D. 语义学
答案:C
3. 索绪尔是哪位语言学家的理论奠基人?
A. 乔姆斯基
B. 索绪尔
C. 布隆菲尔德
D. 皮尔斯
答案:B
4. 语言的最小意义单位是什么?
A. 音素
B. 词
C. 句子
D. 语素
答案:D
5. 下列哪个选项是语言的同步研究?
A. 语言的历史发展
B. 语言的地理分布
C. 语言的当前状态
D. 语言的方言差异
答案:C
6. 什么是语言的同源词?
A. 同义但不同词根的词
B. 来自不同语言的词
C. 来自同一词根的词
D. 来自同一语言的词
答案:C
7. 语言的词汇量通常随着什么而增加?
A. 语言使用者的年龄
B. 语言使用者的受教育程度
C. 语言使用者的社交范围
D. 所有上述因素
答案:D
8. 什么是语言的方言?
A. 一种语言的书面形式
B. 一种语言的口语形式
C. 一种语言的变体
D. 一种语言的古语形式
答案:C
9. 语言的语音变化通常是由什么引起的?
A. 社会因素
B. 心理因素
C. 生理因素
D. 所有上述因素
答案:D
10. 什么是语言的语法规则?
A. 语言的发音规则
B. 语言的书写规则
C. 语言的构造规则
D. 语言的词汇规则
答案:C
二、简答题(每题10分,共30分)
1. 简述语言的功能有哪些?
答案:语言的功能主要包括表达思想、交流信息、社会互动、文化传承、认知发展等。
语言学概论00541 汇总史上最全历年真题(2004——2017全)
2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
语言学概论试卷
(课程代码00541)
本试卷共4页,满分l00分,考试时间l50分钟。
考生答题注意事项:
1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效,试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号,使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4.合理安排答题空间,超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题(共30分)
一、革项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题l分,共20分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。自考赢家
1.汉语属于
A.孤立语 B.屈折语C.粘着语D。复综语
2.“种花”的“花”和‘‘花钱”的“花”是
A.同义词B.多义词C.同音词D.近义词
3.苏美尔人发明了
A.楔形文字B.甲骨文
C.腓尼基字母 D.阿拉伯字母
4.第二语言学习者在使用外语时常常借助于母语的发音、词义、结构规则或习惯来表达思想的现象叫
A.语言相关 B.语言辅助
C.语言影响D.语言迁移
5.“郭明义是当代的雷锋”中,“雷锋”属于借代中的
A.以部分代整体 B.以特征代本体
C.以具体代抽象D.以专称代通称
6.“成立”和“建立”这两个词的词义区别主要是
A.理性意义不同B.感情色彩不同
C.语体色彩不同D.形象色彩不同
7.根据乔姆斯基提出的假设,人的大脑中储存的全人类语言所共有的语言知识叫
A.人类语法 B.普遍语法
10月全国自考现代语言学试题及答案解析
全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试
现代语言学试题
课程代码:00830
Ⅰ. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.
(2%×10=20%)
1. The tone, defined as pitch variation, is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages
such as .
A. Chinese
B. English
C. Chinese and English
D. English and French
2. V oicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of .
A. the velum
B. the vocal cords
C. the glottis
D. the uvula
3. The words that contain only one morpheme are called .
A. bound morphemes
B. affixes
C. free morphemes
D. roots
4. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called .
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04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1) 课程代码:00830
ⅰ.directions: read each of the following statements carefully. decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter a,b,c or d in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)
uses the term ( ) to refer to the actual realization of a language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.
a. langue
b. competence
c. parole
d. performance
terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds share the feature of ( ).
a. palatal
b. alveolar
c. bilabial
d. dental
generative grammar was introduced by ( ) in 1957.
a. l. bloomfield
b. f. saussure
c. n. chomsky a. k. halliday
languages are viewed to vary according to ( ) set on ug principles to particular values.
a. adjacent condition
b. parameters
c. case condition
d. case requirement
5. synonyms are classified into several kinds. the kind to which“girl”and“lass” belong is called ( ) synonyms.
a. stylistic
b. dialectal
c. emotive
d. collocational
6. the illocutionary point of ( ) is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.
a. representatives
b. commissives
c. expressives
d. declaratives
7. modern english words man, woman, child, eat, fight, ect. originate from ( ).
a. middle english
b. old english
c. french
d. norman french
8. in a diglossic country, the two diglossic forms of a language are generally two varieties of the same language, but there are situations in which the h-variety may have no ( ) relationship with the l-variety.
a. genetic
b. social
c. direct
d. close
aphasics do not show total language loss. rather, different aspects of language are impaired. aphasics
in ( ) area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.
a. werniker’s
b. visual
c. motor
d. broca’s
10. ( ) motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language.
a. instrumental
b. functional
c. integrative
d. social
ⅱ. directions: fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. note that you are to fill in one word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1%×10=10%)
11. if a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be
d .
12. stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of o and are therefore consonants.
13. m is the smallest meaningful unit of language.
14. a is the movement of an auxiliary verb to the