BBC新闻讲解2010-6-8第380期

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[英语考试]BBC新闻100篇

BBC新闻100篇BBC News Item 1 政治：英国首相确定大选时间The BBC has learned that the British Prime Minister Gordon Brown has decided that the British general election will take place on May 6th. Mr. Brown will go to Buckingham Palace tomorrow Tuesday to ask Queen Elizabeth to dissolve parliament, and then make a formal announcement of the election date. That will start the official election campaign, which, a BBC correspondent says, will be dominated by issues of taxation and spending in the wake of the global recession.BBC News Item 2 政治：大选在即，布朗遭遇挑战Less than six months before a general election in Britain, the governing Labour Party is embroiled again in internal strife. Two former cabinet ministers have called for secret ballot of members to decide whether the Prime Minister Gordon Brown should continue as party leader. Mr. Brown has called a general election by June this year. Our political correspondent Rob Watson reports.The two former cabinet ministers Geoff Hoon and Patricia Hewitt had stunned everyone at Westminster with their last-minute efforts to challenge Gordon Brown’s leadership. But Downing Street and Labour Party officials have moved quickly to quash any revolts. Most importantly, current cabinet ministers have come out and backed the prime minister, orbiting some cases with little apparent enthusiasm. So the latest challenge looks likely to be short lift. Although many within the Labour Party doubt Mr. Brown’s leadership qualities, they also seem to think it would only make things worse to get rid of him before the general election.BBC News Item 3 军事：英国核缩减计划The British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is offering to scale back Britain’s nuclear deterrence if an international agreement is reached to cut the world’s nuclear arsenals. Mr. Brown is expected to tell a special session of the United Nations Security Council on Thursday that he’ll be willing to give up one of four royal navy submarines that carry Trident nuclear missiles. Officials are insisting that cost isn’t a factor here. Here’s our defence correspondent Nick Childs.Gordon Brown is saying he’ll be ready to throw part of the trident force into the port in the context of a much bigger global disarmament deal. He said so in general terms before. This offer though is more concrete. There is a growing sense that to avoid what some fear could be a sudden cascade of new nuclear states, the established nuclear powers need to do more in terms of disarmament to keep the proliferation regime intact. The Prime Minister will hope his move will be seen as an important gesture. But the key to the process will be the actions of the big players, the United States and Russia.BBC News Item 4 军事：英国派军阿富汗The British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is expected to confirm that he is sending hundreds more troops to Afghanistan, bringing the total number of British troops there to about 9,500. Britain has the second largest NATO contingent in Afghanistan after the United States. Our defensecorrespondent Caroline Wyatt reports.In his statement on Afghanistan, it’s believed Mr. Brown will say he’s agreed in principle to send around 500 extra British troops to Helmand. The military advice says that extra forces are needed to help maintain progress and dominate the ground more effectively to keep the Taliban out of key areas. However, there will be caveats. The Prime Minister will want assurances from military chiefs that the extra troops will be properly equipped. But he’ll also expect Britain’s NATO partners to follow suit by offering more forces themselves. NATO defense ministers are likely to discuss troop levels on a meeting formally in Bratislava next week.BBC News Item 5 经济：欧美股市大跌Stock markets in Europe and the United States have fallen sharply in response to further signs that the debt crisis in Greece is intensifying and could spread to other countries. Share prices in New York, London, Frankfurt and Paris fell by more than 2% after a major international credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s downgraded Greek debt to a level known informally as junk. Nils Blythe has more.Standard & Poor’s downgraded its assessment of Greek bonds to the so-called junk status because of the growing danger that the bond holders will not be paid back in full. Many big investment funds have rules that forbid them from holding junk bonds, says the move is likely to trigger a further round of selling. Share markets have taken fright, fearing that if Greece does default on its debts, it would hit many European banks which hold Greek bonds and could trigger a wider financial crisis. Already pressure is mounting on Portugal which has also seen its credit rating downgraded today, although it remains above junk status.BBC News Item 6 经济：IMF要求各国进一步稳定全球金融体系The International Monetary Fund has told governments across the world that further action is needed to help return the global financial system to stability. In a fresh estimate of the scale of the problem, the IMF says global losses on toxic assets could total four trillion dollars. Andrew Walker reports.This report does identify what it calls some early signs of stabilization in financial systems, but there are not many of them. And the IMF says further action will be needed if they’re to be sustained. In two key areas, it says that progress by governments has been piecemeal and reactive, dealing with the problem assets held by financial institutions and how to handle banks that need extra capital. For that problem the report says temporary government ownership may sometime be necessary.BBC News Item 7 经济：德国给予希腊财政援助Officials in Germany say the total financial aid package for Greece could be more than double, the 60 billion dollars that is previously expected. The head of the International Monetary Fund Dominique Strauss-Kahn is in Berlin trying to persuade Germany to agree to the financial rescue plan. He said the deal needed to be implemented quickly as the situation was getting worse every day and could affect other European countries. But the German Chancellor Angola Merkel said Berlin needed to be searching that Greece was serious about spending cuts.BBC News Item 8 经济：IMF正努力帮助希腊解决债务问题The head of the International Monetary Fund says Greece has nothing to fear from the organization. At a news conference in Washington, Dominique Strauss-Kahn said the IMF was trying to provide Greece with the advice and resources necessary to help with its debt problem. Andrew Walker reports from Washington.Mr. Strauss-Kahn was responding to a Greek journalist who said the Greek public are demonizing the IMF that they fear things will be worse with IMF involvement. The agency has a reputation for requiring borrowing countries to make deep cuts in popular government spending programs. Mr. Strauss-Kahn said the Greek people should think of the IMF as a cooperative organization where the countries of the world work together to help those in trouble by providing resources and advice on behalf of the international community.BBC News Item 9 经济：G20财政部长达成协议Finance ministers of the world’s leading industrialized and developing countries, the G20, have agreed to continue supporting the global economic recovery. In a statement released after their meeting in Scotland, the ministers said conditions had improved, but economic and financial recovery was uneven and unemployment a worry. Andrew Walker reports.The communiqué avoids complacency. Although economic and financial conditions have improved, they decided they still need to keep up the initiatives intended to restore growth. The meeting was, however, rather overshadowed by a statement from the British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, suggesting a tax on financial transactions as one of a number of options for making banks pay for the crisis. His calls have been received politely by the finance ministers but several made remarks which suggest that other ways of tackling the problem are rather more likely to be adopted.BBC News Item 10 经济：欧盟达成协议，终止了香蕉贸易争端The European Union has initialed an agreement to end one of the world’s longest-running trade disputes over bananas. The EU, the world’s biggest importer of bananas, is to cut the duty it imposes on Latin American producers of the fruit, while bananas grows in former European colonies will gradually lose the preferential terms they’ve enjoyed. Andrew Walker reports.The deal signed in Geneva commits the European Union to gradually lowering the tariffs it imposes on bananas imported mainly from Latin America. The cut will be over a third by 2017. That will reduce the competitive advantage of a group of countries, mainly former colonies of EU states in Africa and Caribbean, which enjoyed tariff-free access. The EU plans to provide those countries with some compensation, in a shape of nearly 300,000 dollars in additional aid.BBC News Item 11 科技：太阳能飞机The long-awaited take-off of the Solar Impulse was greeted with delight by those who have spent the last seven years working on it.The solar-powered plane has the wing-span of a jumbo jet, but weighs less than a family car.It doesn’t use a single drop of aviation fuel, instead its giant wings are covered with solar cells.The project is the brainchild of Swiss adventurer Bertrand Piccard —he sees the SolarImpulse as a sign of things to come.BBC News Item 12 教育：英国学校开设学普通话课程It’s the world’s fastest growing economy and shows no sign of slowing down, so striking deals with Chinese businesses is now the top priority for every British company that wants to stay ahead in global trade. Now schools in the United Kingdom want to give their students a head start by teaching them Mandarin —and they are making it compulsory.Brighton College is a fee paying private school on the south coast of Britain and already teaches Latin, Spanish and French to its 1,200 pupils. Students can choose between these languages, but from the autumn, which is the beginning of the new academic year in British schools, every student must study Mandarin whether they like it or not.BBC News Item 13 娱乐：奥斯卡大赢家英国The cast and crew of British movies will no longer be hailed as the underdogs at awards ceremonies. At the recent 81st Oscars ceremony, British actors and movies won no less than 11 awards.The list of Oscar winners is usually dominated by American films and actors but 2009 has seen a more international flavour to the ceremony. British actors and actresses have long awaited such global recognition. Kate Winslet was nominated six times for an Oscar before she eventually won the Best Actress award at this year’s ceremony.Slumdog Millionaire lived up to its status as a global success and movie phenomenon. The low-budget movie swept the board winning eight Oscars, including Best Director and Best Picture. The movie, which documents the life of a young Indian boy after he wins a TV game show, has definitely helped to raise the profile of the British film industry.Summarising the national feeling, British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, issued a statement saying “Britain is showing it has the talent to lead the world”.BBC News Item 14 人物：英女王也是网民It might seem like an unlikely match —an ancient institution getting to grips with cutting edge technology —but the British royal family has been active online for more than a decade.They launched their own website in 1997. The Queen’s Christmas message is available as a podcast, and a year ago the official Royal Channel was launched on YouTube, showing videos of the family at work.Royal watchers describe the 82 year old Queen as a silver surfer —someone who’s enthusiastic about the internet and who keeps in touch with younger members of her family by email.BBC News Item 15 体育：伦敦马拉松This weekend, around 35,000 runners filled the streets of London, running the 26th annual London Marathon. The course is 26.2 miles long (42 km), and goes past many of London’s landmarks, such as the Tower of London, the famous 19th century ship Cutty Sark, the Houses of Parliament and Buckingham Palace. The runners actually run over Tower Bridge.BBC News Item 16 体育：牛津剑桥划船赛Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and most famous universities in Britain, and there has always been a great rivalry between the two institutions. But the most public competition between the two is the annual Boat Race. The 2006 Boat Race will take place on 2nd April, and will be the 152nd race of its kind.Both universities are located near rivers, and rowing is a popular and prestigious sport. The very first race took place in 1829, when a Cambridge student challenged a school-friend studying at Oxford. Ever since, the defeated team from the previous year challenges the opposition to a rematch. The only times when no Boat Races took place were during the First and Second World Wars.BBC News Item 17 政治：美国民主党得到参议院60个席位President Obama’s Democratic Party has secured the critical 60 seat majority in the US Senate that can help it override any Republican obstructions on Capitol Hill. This happened when the Democrats won the last undecided senate seat from November’s election after the Supreme Court in the state of Minnesota declared the Democratic candidate Al Franken the winner. Richard Lister reports from Washington.For almost eight months the two candidates had been locked in a bitter fight in the Minnesota Courts over the result of November’s Senate election. Just a few hundred votes separated them after the 2.8 million cast. The initial count favoured the Republican Norm Coleman but the recount gave the majority to his Democratic Party rival Al Franken. And the State Supreme Court is now upheld that verdict. His victory gives the Democrats 60 votes in the senate and the potential to overturn Republican efforts to block legislation.BBC News Item 18 政治：美国和以色列关系面临考验Reports in Israeli media say Israel’s ambassador to the United States Michael Oren told Israeli diplomats that American-Israeli relations were facing a crisis of historic proportions. Washington is furious at last week’s announcement by Israel during a visit by the US Vice President that more new Jewish homes were to be built in occupied East Jerusalem. But on Monday, the Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told the Israeli parliament the building project would continue. Paul Wood reports from Jerusalem.Mr. Netanyahu has been presented with a choice, a breach with the right-wing members of his coalition, or with the Americans. With his speech to the Knesset, he seems to have chosen to put the needs of domestic politics first. It seems the Americans are so angry because they believe Mr. Netanyahu went back on an understanding. This was apparently that Israel would not push forward of any big new settlement building projects in East Jerusalem. This was necessary of the Palestinians were to be persuaded to join the long delayed negotiations so painstakingly put together by US mediators.BBC News Item 19 军事：美国将继续驻军阿富汗Leading United States officials have said the American military will continue its presence in Afghanistan for a number of years despite beginning to withdraw in 2011. In a series of mediareappearances, officials stressed that the date should be seen as the beginning of handing over responsibility to Afghan forces. Imtiaz Tyab report from Washington.Speaking on a Sunday morning political chat show, the Defense Secretary Robert Gates said that despite President Obama’s plan to begin withdrawing the troops from the region in July, 2011, the US was likely to maintain a significant military presence in Afghanistan for a number of years. The Defense Secretary said the pullout date was said to underline the urgent need for the Afghans to speed up recruiting and training soldiers and getting them into the field. A comment’s followed criticism from opposition Republicans who say announcing a withdraw date sent a dangerous signal to insurgents.BBC News Item 20 政治：奥巴马推迟访问印尼和澳大利亚President Obama is postponing a trip to Indonesia and Australia, so he can stay in Washington to try to get his health care reforms pass by congress. Mr. Obama had already delayed the long arranged trip once and was due to set off on Sunday. But with the crucial vote on the reform is expected within days, the trip has been put off entirely until June. From Washington Mark Martell reports.The president’s make changes to American health care insurance system, his flagship domestic legislation is dragged on for over a year and divided the country. He will be damaged if he can’t get it through. The climax is near, so far there is no sign of any republicans voting for it, its fate lies in the hands of handful in the president’s own party, who either feel it allows for easier abortion or who simply fear a back lash in November’s elections, if they vote for a measures their constitution dislike.BBC News Item 21 政治：英国新首相After days of political horse-trading the UK finally has a new government and a new Prime Minister, following the resignation of Labour’s Gordon Brown on Tuesday evening.Since last Thursday’s general election resulted in a hung parliament, a situation in which none of the political parties has an overall majority, British politicians have been attempting to form a coalition government.Such a government is comparatively rare in the UK. Indeed this is the first coalition since the Second World War.BBC News Item 22 军事：奥巴马对核安全峰会的评价President Barack Obama says the summit conference on nuclear security which has just ended in Washington was a testament to what is possible when nations come together. He said the 49 countries who attended had come to a four-point plan for future success in securing the security of all nuclear materials produced or stockpiled around the globe. Mr. Obama said the summit had made a real contribution to a safer world.BBC News Item 23 政治：希拉里出访莫斯科The American Secretary of States Hillary Clinton is in Moscow to try to persuade Russia to support American policy on Iran. The US wants Russia to agree to the option of imposingadditional sanctions on Iran if it does not suspend its uranium enrichment program by the end of the year. Richard Galpin reports from Moscow.As a permanent member of United Nations Security Council, Russia has the power to veto resolutions. And Moscow has always said it does not believe sanctions are an effective way of promoting change. But recently, President Medvedev has indicated his government made ultimately accept that sanctions are inevitable. There are other big issues to be discussed while Mrs. Clinton is in Russia, including the plan for Moscow and Washington to sign a new treaty in early December for a further cut in their large arsenals of nuclear weapons.BBC News Item 24 军事：美国和联合国敦促巴以恢复和平谈判The United States and the United Nations are urging Israel and Palestinians to resume peace talks after a day of unrest in Jerusalem. The American Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Washington wanted to insure both sides were fully committed to peace efforts. The UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon condemned as illegal recent Israeli plans to build new settlements in East Jerusalem. Barbara Plett reports from New York.Ban Ki-moon urged restraint in Jerusalem, reminding Israelis and Palestinians of the final statues of the city were supposed to be decided in negotiations. He repeated condemnation of Israeli plans to build 1,600 new homes for Jewish settlers in the occupied eastern part of the city, stating again that such settlements are illegal under international law. On Friday, the Secretary General is set to attend a ministerial meeting of the quartet which groups the UN, the European Union, Russia and America. He said members will discuss additional measures to trying rescue tentative steps to resume Israeli-Palestinian peace talks although he didn’t say what they were.BBC News Item 25 经济：美国8月份汽车销售成绩大好Car manufacturers in the United States reported their best results so far this year in August, in large part due to a government scheme aimed at encouraging people to trade in their old cars for more fuel-efficient new ones. The top results among American carmakers were posted by Ford which saw its sales rise by 17% from August of last year. The results held increase US manufacturing output as a whole for the first time since January of last year. President Obama said the latest figures indicate that the American economy is on the path to recovery.BBC News Item 26 经济：高盛投资被控涉嫌诈骗Financial regulators in the United States have accused the investment bank Goldman Sachs of fraud related to the collapse of the American housing market in 2007. The Securities and Exchange Commission is taking civil action against the bank. Michelle Fleury sent this report from the floor of the New York Stock Exchange.The Securities and Exchange Commission alleges the bank sold investors a financial product based on subprime mortgages that was designed to lose value. Goldman Sachs has denied the allegations and says it will defend the firm and its reputation. This is the first time that the US government has explicitly accused one of Wall Street’s premier institutions of fraud relating to the collapse of the US housing market.BBC News Item 27 经济：美国财政官员失职An investigation of United States has found that the country’s top financial regulator, the Securities and the Exchange Commissioner SEC, fail to uncover the 65 billion dollar fraud carried out by the convicted financier Bernard Madoff over a 16-year period, despite 5 separate investigations in his business dealings. Greg Wood reports.The report by the SEC’s expected general David Kotz reads like a catalog of bungled opportunities to catch Bernard Madoff, long before he owned up to the largest fraud in US history. He was investigated five times. SEC staff caught him in lies but failed to follow them up. They rejected offers from whistleblowers to provide additional evidence. Many of the investigators were inexperienced. The scale of the SEC’s incompetence is laid bare by this report.BBC News Item 28 经济：美国银行同意支付罚款了结控诉The Bank of America has agreed to pay 33 million dollars to settle accusations by the US government over billions of dollars of bonuses paid out last year by its investment on Merrill Lynch. Bank of America took over Merrill Lynch to save it from collapse in a deal backed by American taxpayers’ money. John Bithry reports.Bank of America had promised its shareholders that no bonuses would be paid to bankers at Merrill Lynch without its express permission. It’s agreed to buy the struggling investment bank in September. On the same weekend that talks to save Lehman Brothers from collapse failed. Like Lehman, Merrill Lynch was brought to its knees by debt links to the US housing market that became toxic and lost its value. But after Merrill was rescued by BOA, it went ahead and paid its staff 3.6 billion dollars in bonuses anyway. Shortly afterwards Bank of America was forced to go to the government for billions of dollars in extra taxpayer support, and the revelation of the payments caused a public outcry.BBC News Item 29 经济：加州财政预算出了问题After weeks of negotiations, the governor of California Arnold Schwarzenegger has reached an outline agreement with legislative leaders on a plan to tackle the state’s massive budget shortfall. The deal, which will have to be approved by the state legislature, includes plans for billions of dollars in budget cuts, but no tax rises. Peter Bolger reports.California has a budget shortfall of 26 billion dollars. State workers have been put on short time and many social and education services have been cut. The state has even resorted to issuing IOUs to companies it does business with and to individuals who are owed tax refunds. Governor Schwarzenegger described the comprised deal as a basic agreement to close the state’s huge deficit. He and fellow Republicans have refused to raise taxes, all the opposition Democrats said fought to preserve social services.BBC News Item 30 军事：美国德州军事基地枪击案The United States army has formally charged the military officer accused of carrying out last week’s mass shooting at the Fort Hood military base in Texas. The officer, Major Nidal Malik Hasan, an army psychiatrist, has been under armed guard in a hospital since being wounded in the shooting. Mathew Prize reports from New York.There are still many questions surrounding the mass shooting at the America’s largest military base, but one of them has now been answered. Major Nidal Hasan, an army psychiatrist who was due to be deployed to Afghanistan, has been charged with 13 counts of murder. That could rise if prosecutors decide also to charge him with the murder of an unborn child being carried by one of his victims. He will be prosecuted in a military court. If convicted, he could face the death penalty, although no one has actually been executed under the US military justice system for almost 50 years.BBC News Item 31 军事：奥巴马就军事基地枪击案发言President Barack Obama has told memorial service at the Fort hood army base in Texas that United States must never forget the 13 men and women who died in the shooting there last week. He said the killings couldn’t be justified.“It may be hard to comprehend the twisted logic that led to this tragedy. But this much we do know no faith justifies these murderous and craven acts. No just and loving god looks upon them with favor. For what is done we know the killer will be met with justice in this world and the next.”The president paid tribute to those who’d been not able, as he put it, “to escape the horror of war, even in the comfort of home.”BBC News Item 32 科技：美国奋进号航天飞机升空The American Space Shuttle Endeavor has blasted off from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on its sixth attempt after more than a month of delays caused by fuel leaks and thunderstorms. Bill Gerstenmaier of NASA said finally the weather had been favorable and the shuttle crew were looking ahead to completing the installation of the Japanese Kibo laboratory on the space station.We had a great launch today. We were ready. The weather finally cooperated and we had just an awesome launch today. Again, I would caution you that the mission is very challenging in front of us. The five EV As, the robotic activities will take the absolute best the teams have both in Houston and in orbit. And the teams are fully prepared they are ready to go do what they need to go do and we look forward to the exciting activities as we install the Exposed Facility out on the Kibo module.BBC News Item 33 科技：登月飞行A panel of experts appointed by the White House has warned that current plans to send astronauts back to the moon in preparation for manned missions to Mars are just not viable. One of the panel members Li Ruoqiao says the space agency NASA hasn’t been given enough funds to realize the plans.“That is when the visions for space aspirations were first announced in 2004 there was expectation of a certain budget level of the next several years. In fact over the last five years those numbers are nothing realized. So because of that we are in a pickle that we are in now.”The experts say the current budget of the space agency NASA would need to be increased by billions of dollars. Without the extra money, the experts say, NASA would have to work with private companies now trying to embark on commercial space flights.BBC News Item 34 灾难：美国加州森林大火Wildfires are a feature of the California Summer but it’s unusual for them to break out so close to major centers of population. It’s hot here and getting hotter which is driving the brush making it all the more in cindery, and forecast is such that there has been a speculation it could take firefighters a week to bring this blaze under control. Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger is pleading with people in the path of the flames to evacuate as soon as they’re told to do so.BBC News Item 35 政治：抗议苏丹总统选举Most of the main opposition parties in Sudan are withdrawing from all the elections this month —the first multi-party elections since 1986. They won’t take part because of concerns about fraud and security. On Wednesday, the presidential candidate for the former southern rebels Yassir Arman pulled out. President Obama’s Special Envoy General Scott Gration has been in Khartoum trying to save the elections. James Copnall sent this report from Khartoum.Several major opposition parties have announced they will boycott the Sudanese elections at every level. Earlier today, they told the BBC they would boycott the presidential elections in protest of what they believe will not be free and fair polls. Now several of the parties have decided not to compete in the parliamentary or state elections either. The decision strikes a real blow at the credibility of elections which were meant to hold the democratic transformation in Sudan.BBC News Item 36 军事：苏丹达尔富尔问题In what’s been seen as a significant step towards peace in Darfur, the Sudanese government has signed a temporary ceasefire agreement with JAM, one of the main rebel factions. The other main rebel group has so far refused talks with the government. James Copnall reports from Khartoum.The deal is believed to include a temporary ceasefire and a framework agreement for future talks. The Sudanese President Omar Al Bashir said the death sentence against the JAM fighters convicted of attacking Omdurman had been quashed, and 30% of them had been released as a goodwill measure. His act details of the agreement are not yet clear, but the fact has just been signed is a significant step forward in the peace process in Darfur. United Nations estimates that 300,000 people have died in Darfur, but the Sudanese government puts the figure at 10,000.BBC News Item 37 军事：沙特的武装计划袭击石油装置The authorities in Saudi Arabia say they’ve arrested more than 100 militants suspected of links to Al-Qaeda who were planning to attack oil installation in the kingdom. The Saudi Interior Ministry says half of those attained are Saudis and the others are from Yemen, Bangladsh, Somalia and Retrea. Official say security forces seized weapons, cameras, computers and documents. Shahzeb Jillani has more.The latest round of arrests suggest militants are crossing from neighbouring Yemen and using Saudi connections to block attacks. The Saudi Interior Ministry spokesman Mansur al-Turki said that the two cells dismantled by the security forces were cooperating Al-Qaeda and Yemen. In addition he said a network of militance specializing and targeting security personnel has been。

BBC新闻讲解10月10日第178期

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新闻编译中的超文本成分

新闻编译中的超文本成分马会峰（海南大学应用科技学院（儋州校区），海南儋州571737）摘要：该文从中外媒体对三组国际新闻编译实例出发，借用简奈特的超文本理论，将新闻编译这一特殊的翻译活动置于跨文化传播范畴下来研究其中的超文本成分。

研究结果表明，传统意义上的“对等”、“忠实原文”等概念在新闻翻编译中难以实现，但译语文化中的超文本成分在新闻编译中起着非常重要的作用。

关键词：新闻编译；跨文化传播；超文本成分中图分类号：H315.9文献标识码：A文章编号：009-5039(2013)19-0142-03长期以来，忠实原文被人们视为翻译的基本原则，这种传统意义上的“忠实”翻译观，本质上是一种以作者为中心的翻译观。

随着时间的推移，翻译研究逐渐转向文化视野，不再局限于纯文本领域的研究。

随着翻译研究的文化转向，简奈特所提出的超文本成分这一理论概念逐渐被应用到非文学研究当中。

新闻编译，是一种特殊的翻译活动，受到超文本成分的影响。

一般说来，要报道发生在其它国家与地区的事件首先要编译关于那些事件的信息。

因此，国际新闻肯定涉及编译，否则就无法用目的语进报道。

该文通过选取三种不同类型的新闻报道（娱乐新闻，恐怖暴力新闻，领土争端新闻）为例来研究影响新闻编译中的超文本成分。

1新闻编译早在1989年，卡伦·斯戴汀将英文中translating(翻译)和editing(编辑)两个概念合二为一，提出了“transediting”(编译)这个概念(Stetting，1989:371-382)。

刘其中教授在他的新作《英汉新闻翻译》里对新闻编译做了这样的定义:新闻编译是通过翻译和编辑的手段，将用原语写成的新闻转化、加工成为译语语言新闻的翻译方法(刘其中，2009:204)。

英国曼切斯特大学翻译与跨文化研究中心主任莫娜·贝克(Mona Baker)在她的著作《翻译与冲突——叙述性阐释》(Translation and Conflict:A Narrative Account)中将翻译放在了“再叙事”的视角下进行研究，并认为翻译有可能挑战霸权话语。

BBC新闻讲解2010-4-9第333期

BBC新闻讲解附字幕:英国首相布朗要求女王解散议会(2010-04-9)查看原文第一部分：听力文本BBC News with Iain PurdonThe BBC has learned that the British Prime Minister Gordon Brown has decided that the British general election will take place on6May.Mr Brown will go to Buckingham Palace tomorrow Tuesday to ask Queen Elizabeth to dissolve parliament,and then make a formal announcement of the election date.That will start the official election campaign,which,a BBC correspondent says, will be dominate d by issues of taxation and spending in the wake of the global recession.Pakistani militants have launched their first attack in five years on a United States facility in the country.The local Taliban say they carried out the assault on the US consulate in Peshawar.Seven people including all four attackers were killed.The White House has strongly condemned the attacks.The Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi rejected suggestions that Pakistan wasn't doing enough to prevent suicide bombings."If somebody is determined to kill and get killed in the process,it's very limited what you can do. We have deployed150,000troops on the western border.We are doing our utmost,but this is a challenge that Pakistan cannot face alone."Earlier,at least43people were killed and dozens wounded when a suicide bomber blew himself up at a political rally in Lower Dir district in northwestern Pakistan.The event,which was attended by hundreds of people,was organized by the largely secular Awami National Party,Forces from the United Nations and the Congolese army have secured an airport in the northwest of the Democratic Republic of Congo after heavy fighting.On Sunday,at least100armed men attacked the capital of Equateur province Mbandaka,killing three UN staff.Thomas Fessy reports from Kinshasa.The airport was retaken on Monday morning after a new joint offensive between Congolese and UN troops.Both sides have now confirmed that operations are underway around the airport and the provincial capital to find the in surge nts.A UN spokesman in Kinshasa says that a few fighters have been arrested by the Congolese police,but the number of insurgents detained is still unknown.The Congolese army is expected to send an assessment mission in the coming days to decide whether reinforcement is needed.The United States government says it intends to impose the maximum penalty available on the Japanese carmaker Toyota over the way it handled the mass recall of its vehicles because of safety faults.The US Transportation Department said it would seek to fine Toyota more than16milliondollars for failing to inform Washington about problems with the accelerators in a number of models.In some cases,the malfunction caused cars to accelerate uncontrollably.World News from the BBCAnti-government protesters have settled in for another night in the center of the Thai capital Bangkok despite a court ruling that the government has the right to evict them.The leaders of the red-shirts,as they are known,have also indicated they may be extending the protest.On Monday, the demonstrators briefly forced their way into the offices of the election commission.The Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has asked parliament to reconsider its rejection of his plans for heavy cuts in food and energy subsidies.The legislature said it was concerned that implementing the proposed40-billion-dollar cuts in full would lead to a surge in inflation.Instead, parliament approved savings worth just20billion dollars.A South Korean warship is pursuing a supertanker which was hijacked by Somali pirates in the Indian Ocean.The ship was on its way from Iraq to the US and is carrying up to160million dollars worth of crude oil.From Seoul,here is our correspondent John Sudworth.The hijack took place hundreds of kilometers from the coast of Somalia in the middle of the Indian Ocean,an area of sea normally thought to be relatively safe from this kind of attack.The South Korean navy,which already has a warship based in the Gulf of Aden to assist with the international efforts to protect shipping,has ordered it to reach the oil tanker before it reaches the African coast.But any attempt to recapture the ship by force would be risky.The volatile cargo makes a gun battle inconceivable.The United States has criticized a string of planned defence contracts which could see Venezuela buying billions of dollars of additional weapons from Russia.Earlier,the Prime Minister Vladimir Putin revealed that Moscow had recently signed arms deals estimate d to be worth up to five billion dollars.However,a US State Department spokesman said Washington failed to see why President Chavez needed to purchase more arms.BBC News提示：文本转自普特听力论坛第二部分：参考翻译BBC获悉，英国首相戈登·布朗已经决定英国大选在5月6日举行。

BBC英语新闻翻译

BBC News with Iain Purdon Iain Purdon为你播报BBC新闻。

The United State special forces in Afghanistan are being given two weeks to leave the strategically important province of Wardak.美国驻阿富汗特别部队将有两周时间来离开具有战略意义的瓦尔达克省，A spokesman for the Afghan President Hamid Karzai said the decision has been taken after alleged abuses by Afghans working with American special forces. Karen Allen reports.阿富汗总统哈米德·卡尔扎伊之所以采取该决定，是因为与美国特殊部队一道共事的阿富汗人被控有凌辱行为。

凯伦·阿伦报道。

President Karzai's spokesman said US special forces would be expelled from the strategically significant province of Wardak within the next two weeks.总统卡尔扎伊的发言人称将在未来两周内将美国特殊部队从战略重省瓦尔达克赶出。

It comes made allegations that Afghan units which the government says are working and paid for by the US teams are linked to allegations of torture and disappearances.政府称那些与美国部队一道工作并由美方支付薪酬的阿富汗部队涉嫌拷打和失踪事件。

砌筑工程技术施工方案(3篇)

第1篇一、工程概况本工程为某大型住宅项目，涉及多层住宅、商业配套等建筑。

墙体砌筑工程主要包括内隔墙、外墙等，砌筑材料主要有混凝土空心砌块、烧结页岩砖等。

为确保砌筑工程的质量和进度，特制定本施工方案。

二、施工准备1. 材料准备：根据设计要求，提前采购混凝土空心砌块、烧结页岩砖、水泥、砂、掺合料等材料，确保材料质量符合国家标准。

2. 施工机具准备：准备搅拌机、手推车、磅秤、砖笼、胶皮管、筛子、大铲、瓦刀、扁子、托线板、线坠、小白线、卷尺、铁水平尺、皮数杆、小水桶、灰槽、砖夹子、扫帚等施工机具。

3. 人员准备：组织专业施工队伍，对施工人员进行技术交底，确保施工人员熟悉施工工艺和质量要求。

4. 施工现场准备：施工现场应平整、坚实，排水设施完善，确保施工过程中不发生积水现象。

三、施工工艺1. 基础处理：对基础进行处理，确保基础坚实、平整，符合设计要求。

2. 放线定位：根据设计图纸，放出墙体轴线，确保轴线位置准确。

3. 砌筑墙体：采用“三一”砌筑法，即一铲灰、一块砖、一揉压的砌筑方法。

砌筑过程中，注意墙体垂直度、平整度，确保墙体符合设计要求。

4. 留槎处理：根据设计要求，在墙体适当位置留设构造柱、圈梁、过梁等。

留槎处应设置拉结筋，确保墙体整体性。

5. 墙体连接：墙体与梁、板等构件连接处，应采取有效措施，确保连接牢固。

6. 填充砂浆：填充墙体空隙，确保墙体密实。

填充砂浆应饱满，不得出现蜂窝、麻面等缺陷。

7. 成品保护：施工过程中，做好成品保护工作，防止墙体、砂浆等受到污染或损坏。

四、质量要求1. 砌体强度等级应符合设计要求，确保墙体结构安全。

2. 砌体表面平整度、垂直度、水平度应符合设计要求。

3. 砌体灰缝饱满度应符合规范要求，不得出现蜂窝、麻面等缺陷。

4. 砌体连接牢固，不得出现松动、脱落等现象。

五、安全文明施工1. 施工现场应设置安全警示标志，确保施工安全。

2. 施工人员应佩戴安全帽、手套等防护用品。

3. 施工过程中，注意环保，减少扬尘、噪音等污染。

BBC新闻带翻译

BBC News with Jonathan Izard.The United States says the Congolese war crime suspect Bosco Ntaganda has handed himself in at the US embassy in Rwanda and asked to be transferred to the International Criminal Court, the ICC, in The Hague. Our East Africa correspondent Gabriel Gatehouse reports.Bosco Ntaganda walked into the US embassy in Kigali on Monday morning unsolicited according to an official statement from Washington. Neither the United States nor Rwanda is a signatory to the ICC, but a spokeswoman for the state department said the US supported the work of the court and would aim to facilitate his transferal to The Hague. The charges against Gen Ntaganda, who’s nicknamed The Terminator, include rape, murder and the recruitment of child soldiers. They relate not to the current rebellion in the eastern Congo, but to an earlier conflict in the same region.A legal case has begun in New York that challenges the way the city’s po lice conduct a policy of detaining and sometimes searching those they consider suspicious. Critics say the operations known as “stop and frisk” disproportionately target black and Hispanic men. But the policy’s supporters say it’s contributed to a sharp drop in violent crime. Here’s our North America correspondent Jonny Dymond.More than half a million people were stopped on the streets of New York City last year by police. The policy is legal. But now opponents want the way that it’s put into action exam ined and reformed. More than half of those stopped are black, only a quarter of the city’s residents are. A lawyer for the organisation that started the case, the Center for Constitutional Rights, described the stops as a frightening and degrading experience that were arbitrary, unnecessary and unconstitutional.The jailed Kurdish separatist leader Abdullah Ocalan says he’s to make a historic statement on Thursday, raising hopes that he might call a ceasefire after decades of conflict with the Turkish government. James Reynolds sent this report from Istanbul.A delegation of Kurdish MPs was allowed to go and see Abdullah Ocalan in prison. The politicians took back with them to Istanbul a statement from the PKK’s leader. Abdullah Ocalan said that he would make a call, or announcement, during traditional Kurdish New Year celebrations on Thursday. This call will feature satisfactory information on the political and military aspects of the solution, he wrote. Most here take this to mean that Mr Ocalan will call a ceasefire and may also announce the withdrawal of armed PKK fighters from Turkey to their main base across the border in northern Iraq.Finance ministers from the eurozone have asked Cyprus to protect small investors from a proposed levy on savings. Plans for a one-off tax of nearly seven per cent on savings up to 100,000 euros have outraged Cypriots. Banks in Cyprus are to remain closed until Thursday as efforts to revise an international bailout package continue. A parliamentary vote on the package has been repeatedly postponed. It’s now expected on Tuesday.World News from the BBC.The British Prime Minister David Cameron has presented the plan to regulate the press in the wake of a series of scandals over phone hacking by journalists. Mr Cameron told parliament that the plan agreed overnight by Britain’s main political parties would set up a watchdog that could impose heavy fines on newspapers and force them to publish corrections. The leader of the opposition Labour party Ed Miliband said the agreement satisfied the demands of protection for victims and freedom of the press."I don’t want to live in a country where sections of the press can abuse their power to wreak havoc on the lives of innocent people. And equally I want to live in a country that upholds the right of a fearless, angry, controversial press that holds the powerful to account, including in this House. Today’s agreement protects the victims and upholds a free press.”The Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner has made a direct appeal to Pope Francis to intervene on the dispute between her country and Britain over the Falkland Islands. At an audience with the Pope at the Vatican, the Argentine leader said she wanted him to get involved. She accused Britain of militarising the islands. It’s not known how the Pope, who is from Argentina, responded to the appeal. Argentina claims sovereignty over the islands.The Supreme Court in Colombia has revoked a presidential decree which allowed abortions in cases of rape, malformation or risk to the mother’s health. The judge said the decree issued in 2006 was illegal because it meddled in areas for which no law had ever been passed. But a separate constitutional court ruling holds that clinics cannot refuse abortions in such cases.The Bangladesh Cricket Board has banned an international umpire Nadir Shah from the sport for 10 years after finding him guilty of corruption. The board launched an inquiry after a report by an Indian television station alleged that Mr Shah and others were willing to help fix matches in return for bribes. Nadir Shah denies the charges and says he will appeal.BBC News.Jonathan Izard为您报道BBC新闻。

安全警示2010年第3期----四起燃油和润滑油泄漏引起的火灾事故

四起燃油和润滑油泄漏引起的火灾事故2009年下半年以来，总公司范围内的船舶和平台上先后发生多起因润滑油、燃油泄漏引起的火灾事故，应引起关注：1. 2009年7月30日，润滑油泄漏、起火事故发生了什么？2009年7月30日，某船舶在南海作业期间，04时04分，空压机舱起火。

随后，采取了断电、关闭通风、关闭防火门、释放CO2等措施，对甲板喷水降温。

04时55分，打开空压机舱防火门后，使用手提灭火器对可疑的燃烧点进行喷射；05时12分，经检查已无明火； 07时15分，消防警报解除。

期间，3条护航船靠近待命；附近油田的1条守护船到达0.6海里处守护。

调查后确定的事故经过为：左舷空压机的恒温阀与连接管路法兰盘之间的垫片泄漏，管路内的润滑油（380psi，80℃）向外喷射，形成润滑油雾。

雾化的油气混合物在空压机舱通风气流的作用下，与空压机原动机的排烟管与根部裸露部位（温度370-380℃）接触发生爆燃、起火。

事故还暴露出其他一些问题：主消防泵的启动开关在主机舱内，爆燃、起火后，人员难以进入；CO2管路有2处法兰垫片老化，密封不严，在释放过程中有CO2溢出并产生雾气。

参见附图。

图1：空压机舱受损情况照片图2：排烟管部分裸露照片图3：空压机舱平面布置图图4：润滑油泄漏位置照片图5：泄漏的法兰垫片照片事故原因？按照事故原因根源分析表（CLC）确定的事故原因如下：（1）可能的直接原因----行为类：2-1，设备使用不当。

左舷空压机螺杆压缩机的二级工作压力理论值为290psi,从值班记录中看到的实际读数为380psi，超过理论工作压力31%，没有采取进一步的分析、检查、维修措施。

（2）可能的直接原因----条件类:5-2，护罩或保护性装置有缺陷。

空压机原动机的排烟管保温层覆盖不完整，根部裸露，温度可达380℃。

6-1，设备有缺陷。

与“2-1”类似。

空压机螺杆压缩机长期超压工作； 2008年3月更换泄漏位置的垫片时，没有使用制造厂商生产的垫片。

新媒体环境下网络宣传和舆情引导

一网络新媒体环境下传媒生态?微博客直接通过网络手机等移动终端及时更新发表信息信息得以在传播的主体客体身份间自由转换线上可以走到线下网络可以走向人际这便突破了以往传统媒体的线性传播和网络媒体的网状传播形微博客直接通过网络手机等移动终端及时更新发表信息信息得以在传播的主体客体身份间自由转换线上可以走到线下网络可以走向人际这便突破了以往传统媒体的线性传播和网络媒体的网状传播形成了其独特的链状环状树状的对话结构从而为新闻事件的迅速传播聚合和裂变带来了可能
陈有西学术网的多篇博文剖析该案，该网至今已有 2800多万点击率，其中《李庄案，还有必要陪练吗？》等文章形成了很强烈的网络舆论。
（一）网络新媒体环境下传媒生态
微博客直接通过网络、手机等移动终端及时更新发表信息，信息得以在传播的主体、客体身份间自由转换，线上可以走到线下，网络可以走向人际，这便突破了以往传统媒体的线性传播和网络媒体的网状传播，形成了其独特的链状、环状、树状的对话结构，从而为新闻事件的迅速传播、聚合和裂变带来了可能。
（三）网络新媒体环境下受众群体发生变化。
（三）网络新媒体环境下受众群体
当今受众，特别是年轻受众对待媒体的态度有较大变化。互联网提供了海量的信息，多元、平等交流的平台，人们对媒介
传播的内容，有了理性的取舍，受众不再满足浅层次的信息获取，更喜欢深层次探求事件背后的前因后果，不再是单向的接受，而是参与到传播过程中，平等的和其他受众进行多向交流。随着社会经济和民主政治的发展，受众思想越来越活跃，价值取向越来越多元化，在这种情况下，广大人们群众的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权的权利意识不断加强，并形成合力。互联网上网民形成的舆论，越来越呈现强势，能在相当程度上左右着社会舆论的走向，显示了作为社会舆论主角的新形象。网络舆论经常左右事件的发展态势。

20101103BBCBBC听力材料

BBC news 2010-11-03BBC News with Marion MarshallA wave of bomb explosions across Baghdad have killed at least 63 people and injured up to 300 others. The blasts took place on Tuesday evening, hours after Christians held a funeral service for more than 50 people killed in Sunday's church hostage siege in the city. From Baghdad, Jim Muir reports.Many of the victims from the Sunday outrage had just been laid to rest after a big funeral in central Baghdad when the bombs started going off in what appeared to be a coordinated campaign. Most of them were car bombs, but there was at least one roadside bomb and later a salvo of four mortars hit an area in southwest Baghdad. Police cars toured some parts of the city, announcing that a curfew had been imposed. Security officials said most of the bombs went off in areas with no particular target, but they were all in busy districts, near shops, markets or cafes.The prime minister of Lebanon says the Middle East is heading for disaster as it's been impossible to negotiate a comprehensive peace agreement between the Arabs and Israel. In an interview with the BBC, Saad Hariri said the situation was deteriorating despite attempts at peace."Everybody wants to talk about Iran and their nuclear programme, but at the same time what is the international community doing for the peace process? We have been faced every day with a bulldozer on TV, and hundreds of millions of Arabs and Muslims are seeing that, bulldozing a house where a family of Palestinians living in that historical house for the...""Y ou're saying Israeli actions are inflaming the region.""I'm saying Israeli actions are not only inflaming the region, but affecting the whole world."Americans are voting in mid-term elections that could alter the balance of power in the United States Congress. Opinion polls suggest President Obama's Democrats will lose control of the House of Representatives, and the race for the Senate is also expected to be close. From Washington, Bethany Bell reports.The Republican Party needs to gain 39 seats to win control of the House and 10 to take over the Senate. The Republicans and the populist Tea Party movement are hoping to benefit from the deep discontent about the weak economy and high unemployment. If they succeed, they'll have a significant impact on President Obama's ability to pass legislation. But while this election is being seen as a referendum on his government, it's not necessarily a ringing endorsement of the Republicans either.The German interior minister says a parcel bomb sent to Chancellor Angela Merkel had come from Greece and was similar to a number of small bombs found in foreign embassies in Athens over the past few days. The bomb was safely defused at Mrs Merkel's office in Berlin, and no onewas hurt. It's not known who sent them, but suspicion has fallen on Greek far left-wing groups. Two other parcel bombs exploded earlier in the day in the Russian and Swiss embassies in Athens.World News from the BBCAfter weeks of political turmoil, Kosovo's government has lost a parliamentary vote of confidence. It triggers early elections next month, the first since Kosovo self-declared independence from Serbia in 2008. Correspondents say the Prime Minister Hashim Thaci would hope to strengthen his position by blaming the crisis on the government's former allies, who withdrew from the Kosovo cabinet in September. Here is Mark Lowen.Less than three years since Kosovo declared independence from Serbia, its government has collapsed, and this tiny fragile corner of Europe now faces yet more instability. The no-confidence motion was brought by the opposition and was passed with 66 votes out of 120-strong parliament. All of this comes at a crucial moment for Kosovo. Serbia, which rejects the unilateral secession by its southern province, has recently agreed to the first face-to-face talks with the Kosovan government to resolve one of Europe's most intractable conflicts.Results from a referendum in Niger show more than 90% of voters have backed a new constitution designed to return the country to civilian rule. It was put forward by the country's military leaders, who came to power in a coup in February. It provides for elections next January and a handover of power in April.The New Y ork-based campaign group Human Rights Watch has called for the release of a number of Sudanese activists in Darfur who, it says, have been arrested over the past few days. It said at least eight human rights activists had been detained without charge. There has been no word from the Sudanese authorities.The Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi has been accused by gay rights groups of fuelling homophobia. The allegations came after Mr Berlusconi said it was better to like beautiful girls than to be gay. He was referring to allegations that he pressured the police into dropping an investigation into an 18-year-old belly dancer. Mr Berlusconi rejected calls for his resignationFrom: /englishlistening/bbc/20101103/126115.html1.salvo n.(炮火)齐射,(礼炮)齐鸣例句：a salvo of guns礼炮齐鸣2.particular adj.特定的, 某一的例句：This is his particular problems.这是他个人的问题。

新闻播报稿件两分钟

1.最近的新闻播报稿,一定要有时效性,2分钟左右,一定要最近的新闻最近的新闻有国内的11月27日下午国内新闻4 亚奥理事会主席：广州亚运会“非常成功”△广州亚运会27日晚落幕。

在盘点回顾之时，亚奥理事会主席艾哈迈德•法赫德亲王在27日举行的新闻发布会上将“非常成功”的评价送给了本届亚运会，并全面肯定了主办城市广州方方面面的工作。

有记者问，主席如果用一个词来形容广州亚运会，那会是什么？法赫德亲王思索片刻后微笑答道：“出色的！广州已经被世界更多人熟知，广州人民也得以接触到更多的文化。

”亚奥理事会终身名誉副主席魏纪中也对本届亚运会做出了积极评价。

他说，80%的亚奥理事会成员这次都获得了奖牌，这要优于多哈亚运会，从这点来说，可以看出广州亚运会的进步，因为让更多参与者“分享奖牌”是亚奥理事会的一个目标。

# 中国代表团在广州亚运会上第八次蝉联金牌榜、奖牌榜的首位△广州亚运会中国代表团27日上午举行新闻发布会，中国体育代表团的团长段世杰在发布会上通报了相关情况，他说，中国代表团在广州亚运会上第八次蝉联了金牌榜、奖牌榜的首位，也取得了历届最好的成绩。

应该说这次广州亚运会上的中国代表团充分展示了竞技水平，也实现了赛前制定下的预期目标。

中国代表团在发布会上也特别表扬了一些项目，像游泳项目和田径项目，中国代表团的表现非常出色。

在发布会上，段世杰团长特别提出在亚运会三大球的表现不尽如人意，特别是男子足球、女子足球，男子排球的成绩有所下滑，战术水平持续发展能力与世界水平差距越来越大，所以比赛结束后会认真总结，查找问题。

另外在射击、击剑、举重、柔道这些项目上，比上一届多哈亚运会成绩也是有所下降，一方面是反映了其他国家水平正在快速上升，另一方面也是自身方面存在一些问题，和世界水平仍然存在差距。

广州亚运会结束之后，中国代表团回去会认真进行总结、查找问题，争取在伦敦奥运会上取得更好的成绩。

27日，内蒙古自治区政府派出工作组赶赴兴安盟指导抗灾救灾工作。

bbc

BBC News Item 5 经济：欧美股市大跌
Stock markets in Europe and the United States have fallen sharply in response to further signs that the debt crisis in Greece is intensifying and could spread to other countries. Share prices in New York, London, Frankfurt and Paris fell by more than 2% after a major international credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s downgraded Greek debt to a level known informally as junk. Nils Blythe has more. Standard & Poor’s downgraded its assessment of Greek bonds to the so-called junk status because of the growing danger that the bond holders will not be paid back in full. Many big investment funds have rules that forbid them from holding junk bonds, says the move is likely to trigger a further round of selling. Share markets have taken fright, fearing that if Greece does default on its debts, it would hit many European banks which hold Greek bonds and could trigger a wider financial crisis. Already pressure is mounting on Portugal which has also seen its credit rating downgraded today, although it remains above junk status.

BBC环球慢速英语在线听力第110集Boys and Girls

BBC环球慢速英语在线听力第110集Boys and GirlsVoice 1Hello. I‟m Tony Ford.Voice 2And I‟m Ruby Jones. Welcome to Spotlight. This programme uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.Voice 1In the Chinese city of Huizhou, a class is in progress. The children are four and five years old. They are excited to be in school. They look at the teacher. They sit in front of small tables. And they listen quietly to what the teacher says. This is a chance for them to learn and to have fun. But there is something different about this class. Most of the students are boys - thirty-nine [39] of them. There are only eight [8] girls.Voice 2This situation is becoming common in parts of China. In today‟s Spotlight we tell of family planning policies in China. We examine the problem of too few women. And we tell of China‟s hopes to change the situation. But first we return to the class in Huizhou.Voice 1Ms. Zeng is the school‟s head teacher. She said h aving more boys around than girls is affecting the children‟s behaviour.Voice 3“It is a serous problem. When there are more boys than girls, the girls copy the boys. And they become overly forceful.”Voice 1In the late 1970‟s, China was worried about it s population growing too large. When a population grows too quickly, there are not enough jobs or resources for everyone. So the government made a law to try and control the situation. The law stated that families should only have one child, especially in cities. Later, the law permitted families in the countryside to have two children, if the first child was a girl. Parents that disobeyed the law could receive severe punishments.Voice 2Even with this policy, China has more people than any other country in the world. By 2006, China‟s population was one point three thousand million [1,300,000,000]. So, the Chinese government believes it is best to continue with the one-child policy.Many families want more children, especially in the country areas. Parents depend on their children to support them in their old age. In traditional Chinese culture, after marriage a woman lives with her husband‟s family. And she takes care of his family. This means her own parents could be left alone. This is one reason that parents like to have a boy. They believe that boys can take care of them better. Also, boys continue the family name.Voice 2So when a women gets pregnant in China, she and her husband want to know the sex of their child. Doctors are able to tell them this information with ultrasound tests. If the child is a girl, the parents may choose to end the pregnancy - to have an abortion. But the government is very worried about this situation. So it made it illegal for doctors to tell parents the sex of their child. However, many people pay doctors to tell them. Other doctors do not say any words. But they tell the family through signs. When the child is a boy, they give a thumb‟s up sign. When it is a girl, they give a thumb‟s down sign.Voice 1Some people say that the government needs to severely punish doctors who break the law. They say that the current law does not tell what the punishment should be for doctors who break it. They want prison sentences for these doctors.Voice 2However, there are people who cannot find out the sex of their child from a doctor. So they wait until after the birth. And some of them make an extreme decision. They decide to get rid of their baby girl. Often they leave the girl on the street. They write down her name and birth date. They hope that someone will find her.Voice 1The problem of fewer girls is particularly bad in country areas. The government found that there are ninety-nine [99] cities of concern. In these cities the number of boys is far greater than the number of girls - more than one-hundred and twenty-five boys [125] are born for every one hundred [100] girls. The United Nations suggests that the balance should not be more than one hundred and seven [107] to one hundred [100]. The current numbers are a bad sign for the future.Voice 2Experts estimate that by the year 2020, the problem will be severe. There could be over thirty million [30,000,000] men unable to find a woman to marry.Voice 1The problem has already started. In some parts of China, men are having a difficult time finding a wife. On the island of Hainan many men are unmarried. Liu Yanding is one such man. He tells of his situation:“How can we get married? I do not know what to do or where to start finding a wife.”Voice 1Experts are worried that this will lead to increased levels of crime in men. The men have no wives and children to go home to. And the experts believe that when too many young men group together, they can get into crime. Having a family is very important in the Chinese social structure. Other experts are worried about violence towards women. They fear that there will be more sex crime, and even forced marriages.Voice 2One solution is for parents to understand the value of having a daughter. As many people around China are moving for better jobs, many young women are moving too. And they are able to send money home to their parents. These parents are starting to see that daughters can provide for them. It is not only sons that can do this.Voice 1In 2003, the government be gan a policy called …Care for Girls‟. This policy gives financial help to parents who have female children. They do not have to pay taxes on their wages. They get better housing and employment. And, they do not have to pay for their daughters‟ education or medical care. But evidence suggests that most parents still want boys.Voice 2The government hopes to try to change people‟s opinions. One method they use is words painted on walls in public places. The words encourage people to value girls. They say, for example, …Girls are as important as boys‟ and …Both boys and girls are the hearts of their parents‟. The government also says it will punish doctors who break the law. It will continue to watch the situation.Voice 1Sadly there are no easy answers, especially for men such as Liu Yanding. He is left waiting. All he can do is hope and pray to find a future wife. All he has is his dream of a family, a family to come home to。

电影《开罗678路公车》中的埃及性骚扰问题

这项运动也第一次向女性介绍了任何不受欢迎的性行为即为“性骚扰”。这个问题在受害者生理和心理上均产生了很多严重的影响，也降低了社会的工作效率。此外，严重的性骚扰问题也使国家的国际声誉和形象大打折扣。
19 世纪是欧美国家女权运动兴起的时代，20 世纪则是亚非拉国家女权运动兴起的时代。埃及是最早出现女权运动的亚非拉国家之一 A，然而埃及妇女权利中心 2008 年调查发现，83% 的女性遭受过性骚扰，其中 91% 是在公共场所，而且大多数受害者戴着伊斯兰头巾。性骚扰似乎成为埃及继金字塔后的另一张“名片”，不论是埃及当地妇女还是外籍女性游客，出门在外都要小心翼翼，谨防遭遇性骚扰。
哈塞娜的悲剧由三个男人造成：穆斯塔法·赛义德、瓦德·利斯和 “我”。穆斯塔法是一个非常不负责任的风流男人，他早已造成了许多女人的死亡；瓦德·利斯是一个占有欲极强的男人，自私且易怒；“我”则充当着一个平庸的角色，对集体观念是妥协的。他们都不是库切的《等待野蛮人》中的老行政长官那类角色，严重地缺少列维纳斯式的责任感。甚至在整篇小说中，我们都找不到一个责任者。这就是这出集体性悲剧的根源所在：妥协而非反抗，回避集体而非担负责任。这里的“集体性悲剧”不仅指悲剧中的集体性问题，也指具有悲剧性的一个集体，即小说中每一个因向集体性想象妥协而受到伤害的人。在集体性想象下，后殖民经验的反抗虽然不能带来幸福的结果，甚至以个体的毁灭为结局，但这对于瓦解旧的集体性具有一种革命效果。雷蒙·威廉斯在《现代悲剧》中指出：“悲剧行动源于无序状况，而后者在某个时期确实可能具有自身的稳定性。然而，参与该行动的现实力量远不止一个，它们之间的较量往往以表层的悲剧方式使深层的无序状况既一目了然，又令人恐惧。在完整地经历了这一无序状况并采取了具体的行动之后，秩序得到再生。这一行动的过程有时与真实的革命行动非常相似。”C 革命意味着流血和牺牲，哈塞娜之死对这个落后村庄观念的冲击是巨大的，虽然微弱个体的反抗不可能产生革命性后果，但作为一个悲剧式牺牲者，她使我们看到了革命的启蒙之光，书写了自己作为独特阶级和身份的异质性存在。

2010年5月1日至10月31日

Marion Conrady 孔然蒂新闻时事“德国安静和幸福的城市生活给我们留下了深刻的印象”，中国中央电视台新闻影片中心的摄制组的一位成员一语道破他脑海中的德国影像。

受中国世界博览会举办者的委托，新闻中心拍摄了关于世界博览会成长的纪录片。

在报道德国馆时，着重纪录了招聘和培训200位必须操流利中文、德文和英文的男女解说员的故事。

摄录完在上海举行的面试会后，摄制组在7月份，花了整整一天的时间，在科隆纪录了选拔过程–不论面试还是语言测试，都全程暴露在摄像机镜头之下，对于男女应聘者来说，是真正的首场压力测试。

摄制组还会继续拍摄将在2010年3月举行的员工培训。

早在2009年6月份，来自香港凤凰卫视的一个摄制组拜访了科隆，用摄像机纪录了科隆博览会国际有限公司世界博览会团队的准备工作。

作为科隆博览会国际有限公司的总裁，范德伦先生给记者们讲解了科隆博览会国际有限公司作为项目执行机构的主要任务。

讲到有关世博会团队范围广泛的任务时，范德伦总裁介绍道：“在和联邦德国经济技术部赶去下站埃斯森根，拜访费斯托公司，以及在斯图加特亲身体验动力之源展厅金属互动球的装配试验，装配由米拉联合设计策划有限公司负责。

最后一站是莱茵-美因地区的美因茨，在那里访问了肖特公司（见本刊标题“合作伙伴与赞助者”），以及城市法兰克福，在那里，摄制组访问了一个小果园式居住区 –切合了展区主题“花园”。

九位记者，主持人和摄像一致认为，和艺术家昆特·德姆尼西先生那场面对面的交流，印象尤为深刻。

犹太人塔尔姆德那句关于忘却的句子“当人们忘却一个人的姓名时，这个人才开始被遗忘”，给了他创作灵感，让这位科隆人创造出“绊脚石”这一作品系列。

希望通过他的作品，把追忆国家社会主义蒙难者的主题，嵌入德国、嵌入欧洲城市生活的画面中去。

德姆尼西先生的“绊脚石”作品由铺路石大小的纪念石碑组成，艺术家把这些纪念碑嵌入了纳粹受害者旧址旁的人行道上。

到目前为止，德姆尼西先生已经铺设了上千块这样的路石，每块路石上镶嵌着钢板，钢板上不仅刻着蒙难者的名字，而且还刻有他们的命运故事。

英国BBC纪录片大全A--推荐下载

BBC制作的好多节目的确可谓是精品，既增长知识又愉悦感观，很容易让人陶醉其中。

按字母顺序排列：0-9BBC - 50 Years Of BBC News.2004 BBC风云五十年ABBC - A History of Britain.2002 大不列颠史1-15BBC - A Short History of Tall Buildings.2005 高楼短史1-3BBC - A Walking With Dinosaurs Special-Allosaurs 与恐龙同行特辑-异特龙之谜BBC - A Walking with Dinosaurs Special-Land of Giants 与恐龙同行特辑-巨龙国度BBC - A Walking with Dinosaurs Special- The Giant Claw 与恐龙同行特辑-镰刀龙秘史BBC - A Walking with Dinosaurs Trilogy-Sea Monsters 与恐龙同行三部曲-海底霸王BBC - Abroad Again in Britain 重游英伦BBC - After the War Conquering Germany 挺进德国BBC - Alien Empire.1995 昆虫帝国1-6BBC - Amazon Abyss 亚马逊深渊BBC - Ancient Apocalypse.2001 古代启示录1-4BBC - Ancient Voices.2003 远古的回响1-11BBC - Animal Camera 动物摄影机BBC - Animal Battlefield.2002 动物杀戮战场1-4BBC - Animal Games 动物奥运会BBC - Ape-Man.2000 人类起源1-6BBC - Around The World In 80 Treasures 世界八十宝藏1-10BBC - Art Collection.2003 艺术精选系列1-5BBC - Ascent of Man 人类进化史BBC - Attenborough in Paradise.2004 大卫艾登堡漫游天堂1-7BBBC - Battle of the Sexes in the Animal World 雌雄爭霸戰1-6BBC - Battlefields 杀戮战场BBC - Battlefield Britain 英伦战场BBC - Bible Mysteries 圣经解码BBC - Bill Bryson: Notes From a Small Island 1999 英伦游记BBC - Blood And Flowers-In Search Of The Aztecs 寻找阿兹特克人BBC - Brain story.2001 脑海漫游1-6BBC - British Isles-A Natural History 大不列颠群岛的自然史BBC - Burma-The Forgotten War.2004 缅甸-被遗忘的战争CBBC - Cambridge Spies 剑桥风云BBC - Chased By Sea Monsters 与海怪同行BBC - Coast 英国海岸BBC - Colosseum.2003 羅馬競技場BBC - Congo 刚果BBC - Connections.1978 文明的纽带1-10BBC - Cousins 人类亲缘DBBC - D-Day 6.6.1944 诺曼底登陆日BBC - D-Day to Berlin 从诺曼底到柏林BBC - Days That Shook The World.2003 惊世一刻Ⅱ1-10 BBC - Deep Blue 深蓝BBC - Deep JungleBBC - Dolphins-Deep Thinkers.2003 聪明的海豚BBC - Dragons Alive.2004 现代恐龙BBC - Dunkirk 敦克尔克大撤退EBBC - Earth Story.1998 地球形成的故事1-8BBC - Earth Ride 地球水之旅1-8BBC - Egypt 古埃及秘史FGBBC - Great Wildlife Moments野生动物的精彩瞬间HBBC - Heroes Of World War II 二战英豪BBC - Hiroshima.2005 广岛BBC - Horizon 视野BBC - Horizon-Ice Mummies视野-冰川木乃伊BBC - Horizon-Saturn 视野-土星BBC - Horizon-The Lost Pyramids Of Caral视野-被遗忘的秘鲁卡拉尔金字塔BBC - Horror in the East.2001 战栗东方1-2BBC - How Art Made The World 艺术创造世界BBC - How to Be A Prince 王子之路BBC - How to Build A Human 复制新人类BBC - How to Start Your Own Country 我建立了一个国家BBC - Human Instinct.2002 人类本能1-4BBC - Human Senses 人类感官IBBC - Icemen 极地探险者BBC - Iguanas-living like dinosaurs 鬣蜥-活着的恐龙BBC - In Search of Shakespeare 追忆莎士比亚BBC - In Search Of The Trojan War 寻找特洛伊战争BBC - In Search Of Myths And Heroes 寻找神话和英雄BBC - In The Footsteps Of Alexander The Great.2005 跟随亚历山大大帝BBC - In the Wild.1998.绿野星踪-动物系列BBC - Incredible Journey 奇妙的旅程1-6JBBC - Jonathan Miller\'s Brief History of Disbelief 历史疑点BBC - Journey of Life 生命之旅BBC - Journeys to the Bottom of the Sea 海底之旅BBC - Jungle.2003 丛林探险1-3KBBC - Kenneth Clark\'s CivilisationBBC - Killing For A Living 为生存而杀戮1-13BBC - Kingdom Of The Ice Bear 北极熊国度LBBC - Land of the Tiger 虎的王国BBC - LAuschwitz-The Nazis and the Final Solution 2005 奥斯威辛-纳粹党与最终方案BBC - Leonardo da vinci.2003 达芬奇1-3BBC - Life in the Freezer.1993 冰雪的童话BBC - Life in the Undergrowth.2005 灌丛下的生命BBC - Life on earth 生命的进化1-13BBC - Lifesense 生命感官1-3BBC - Living Britain活力英伦BBC - Lost Civilization 失落的文明BBC - Lost Worlds Vanished Lives.1989 消逝的生物MBBC - Massive Nature 群体大自然BBC - Michael Palin-Around The World In 80 Days.1989 八十天环游地球1-7BBC - Michael Palin-Full Circle.1997 环球旅行1-10BBC - Michael Palin-Hemingway Adventure.1999 海明威式历险记1-8BBC - Michael Palin-Himalaya.2004 喜马拉雅之旅1-6BBC - Michael Palin-Pole to Pole.1992 极地之旅1-8BBC - Michael Palin-Sahara.2002 撒哈拉大漠之旅1-4BBC - Monarchy 君主政体BBC - Monsters We Met.2003 遭遇怪物1-3NBBC - Natural World-Secrets of the Maya Underworld 玛雅之谜BBC - Nightmares Of Nature 自然界的恶魔BBC - Nile.2004 尼罗河BBC - Noah and the Great Flood.2003 诺亚方舟OPBBC - Phobias 恐惧大家谈BBC - Play Like Champions 曼聯冠軍秘技BBC - Pompeii-The Last Day.2003 庞贝古城-最后的一天BBC - Pope John Paul II-Builder of Bridges 教宗约翰保罗二世BBC - Power of Nightmares-The Rise Of The Politics Of Fear 恶梦的力量-惊恐政治的冒起BBC - Predators 掠夺者BBC - Prehistoric America 史前美洲BBC - Pride 狮路历程BBC - Pyramid.2002 金字塔QRSBBC - Saint Paul.2003 门徒保罗BBC - Seven Wonders of the Industrial World 七大工业奇迹BBC - Son of God.2001 上帝之子耶稣基督1-3BBC - Space Odyssey 星际漫游BBC - Space.2001 宇宙无限1-6BBC - Space Race 太空竞赛BBC - State of the Planet.2000 大地的声音1-3BBC - Stephen Hawking\'s Universe.1997 霍金的宇宙1-6 BBC - Super Human.2001 超级人类1-6BBC - Supernatural.1999 超自然力量1-6BBC - Supernatural Science 超自然科学BBC - Supersense 动物超感官1-3BBC - Supervolcano 超级火山-真正末日TBBC - The Abyss 海底深渊BBC - The Ascent of Man 人类的攀升-科学进化史BBC - The Battle of the Atlantic.2002 大西洋之战1-3 BBC - The Blue Planet.2001 蓝色星球1-10BBC - The Day the Universe Changed 变化的每一天BBC - The Divine Michelangelo.2004 米开朗基罗1-2BBC - The Genius of Mozart 莫扎特传BBC - The Great War 伟大的战争BBC - The Human Animal 人这种动物BBC - The Human Body.1998 人体漫游1-7BBC - The Human Face 五官奧妙1-4BBC - The Human Mind.2003 人类心智1-3BBC - The Immortal Emperor 不朽的帝王BBC - The Last Tommy 最后的英军BBC - The Life Of Birds.1998 飞禽传1-10BBC - The Life Of Buddha.2001 成佛之路BBC - The Life Of Mammals.2002 哺乳类全传1-10BBC - The Living Planet.1984 活力星球BBC - The Lost World of Mitchell and Kenyon失落的世界BBC - The Natural World 自然界BBC - The Nazis-A Warning From History 纳粹警示录BBC - The Planets.1998 日月星宿1-8BBC - The Private Life of Plants.1995 植物私生活1-6BBC - The Road to War.1989 战争之路1-4BBC - The Story of God 众神传BBC - The Trials of Live.1990 生命的考验1-12BBC - Time Machine.2004 时间机器1-3BBC - Time Watch-Forgotten Heroes 时代瞭望-无名英雄BBC - Tribe 部落探奇BBC - Tribes of the Amazon亚马逊部落UBBC - Ultimate Killers 终极杀手1-6VWBBC - Walking with Dinosaurs.1999 与恐龙同行1-6BBC - Walking with Beasts 与猛兽同行BBC - Walking With Beasts Special-Triumph Of The Beasts 与野兽同行特辑-野兽的胜利BBC - Walking With Beasts Special-The Beasts Within 与野兽同行特辑-心中的野兽BBC - Walking With Cavemen.2003 与远古人同行1-4BBC - War of the Century 世纪大战-二战欧洲东线纪实BBC - Weird Nature 灵趣自然BBC - Wild Africa.2004 野性非洲1-6BBC - Wild And Dangerous 野性与危险1-6BBC - Wild Australasia.2003 野性澳洲1-6BBC - Wild Europe.2005 欧洲自然写真1-4BBC - Wild Indonesia.1999 野性印尼1-3BBC - Wild New World 野性新世界BBC - Wildlife On One 目击野生动物BBC - Wildlife On Two 再见野生动物BBC - Wild South America.2002 野性南美洲1-6BBC - Wild Weather.2002 天有风云1-4BBC - Wildlife Specials.1997 野生生物特辑BBC - What The World Thinks Of God 人们心中的上帝BBC - What The Ancients Did For Us 古代人的贡献BBC - What The Romans Did For Us 古罗马人的贡献BBC - What The Victorian Did For Us 维多利亚人的贡献BBC - What The Tudors Did For Us都铎人的贡献BBC - What The Stuarts Did For Us 斯图亚特人的贡献XYZ。

BBC纪录片《茶叶之旅》对英语传播的影响

视被关停。２０１５年６月，人人影视更名为人人美剧，致力于搜集最新最全的影视相关站点，普及字幕基础知识。人人美剧在取得著作权人授权的情况下，翻译相关作品，为英语传播做出相应贡献。
３ＢＢＣ纪录片（＜茶叶之旅对英语传播的影响ＢＢＣ纪录片《茶叶之旅》对英语传播起到了巨大作用，主要体现在对“ 英语是一种语言 ” 的传播、对“ 英语是一种文化 ” 的传播以及对 “ 英语是一种工具 ” 的传播三个方面。３．１对“ 英语是一种语言” 的传播影响英语首先是一种语言，包含着丰富的词汇与语法知识。纪录片《茶叶之旅》以活泼的形式，通过茶叶的主题，传播了大量关于茶叶的英语语言知识。《茶叶之旅》并不是为了传播英文词汇而传播英文词汇，但是通过“ 茶叶为体，英文为用 ” 的方式对英语词汇进行了传播。例如：ａｔｅａｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎｗｏｒｋｅｒ（一名茶叶种植工）、ＥａｓｔＡｆｉｒｃａ ’ ｓｖｓｔａｔｅａｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｒｅｇｉｏｎ（东非大片茶叶种植区）、Ｈｏｔｔｅａｉｎｔｏａｐｌｓａｔｉｃｂａｇａｎｄｔｈａｔｉｓａｔａｋｅａｗａｙｔｅａ（热茶装进塑料袋便成为了外卖茶）、ｔｅａｗｉｔｈｅｒ－ｉｎｇ（茶叶揉捻）等。《茶叶之旅》并不是为了传播英文语法而传播英文语法，而是通过主持人的旁白与对话展现英文文法的奥义。虽然纪录

英国BBC纪录片

影、缩时”摄影。定时、定格摄影、 “缩时”摄影。定时、间断记录并以明显变化的影像再现景物缓慢变化过程的手段。化的影像再现景物缓慢变化过程的手段。譬如花蕾的开放约需3天夜小时。约需天3夜，即72小时。每半小时拍它的一个画幅，以小时每半小时拍它的一个画幅，顺序记录开花动作的微变，共计拍摄144个画幅再通过放个画幅,再通过放顺序记录开花动作的微变，共计拍摄个画幅映机按正常频率放映（每秒24幅），在秒钟之内重现3 秒钟之内,重现映机按正常频率放映（每秒幅），在6秒钟之内重现夜的开花过程。天3夜的开花过程。夜的开花过程延时摄影需用能定格拍摄的摄影机，延时自动控制器、延时摄影需用能定格拍摄的摄影机，延时自动控制器、稳压电源、照明灯、光照灯（代替太阳光照），），在恒温摄影压电源、照明灯、光照灯（代替太阳光照），在恒温摄影室内拍摄。拍摄时还应注意温、室内拍摄。拍摄时还应注意温、湿度以及光照时间长短对被摄体的影响，并控制好“镜头”的动作节奏感。被摄体的影响，并控制好“镜头”的动作节奏感。自然界中如细胞分裂、卵的孵化、日蚀月蚀、云彩变幻、自然界中如细胞分裂、卵的孵化、日蚀月蚀、云彩变幻、天文、地理等多种题材的拍摄，经常采用延时摄影，天文、地理等多种题材的拍摄，经常采用延时摄影，以便积累科研资料。积累科研资料。
经典作品
与远古猛兽同行、行星地球、欧洲自然史、与远古猛兽同行、行星地球、欧洲自然史、超级人类、人体漫游、人类本能、超级人类、人体漫游、人类本能、八十天环游地球、超自然力量：环游地球、超自然力量：探索自然界的神奇力量、恒河、消失的古文明、奇力量、恒河、消失的古文明、植物私生野生动物特辑、二战纪录片：活、野生动物特辑、二战纪录片：二十世纪大战。。。。纪大战。。。。与中国相关的作品有：今日中国》与中国相关的作品有：《今日中国》，和 CCTV合拍《美丽中国合拍《合拍美丽中国Wild China》》