英语修辞格汇总

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英语18种重要修辞手法

18种重要修辞手法一、语义修辞1明喻（simile）俗称直喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。

例如：1.The snow was like a white blanket drawn over the field.2.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.认真观察以上各例，我们会发现它们的特点，由（as）... as, like等引导，这些引导词被称作比喻词（acknowledging word），它们是辨别明喻的最显著的特征，明喻较为直白，比喻物和被比喻物之间相似点较为明显，所以明喻是一种比较好判断的修辞手法。

2暗喻（metaphor）也称隐喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。

例如：1.His friend has become a thorn in his side.（他的朋友已变成眼中钉肉中刺。

）2.You are your mother’s glass.(你是你母亲的翻版。

)3.Hope is a good br eakfast, but it’s a bad supper.由以上各例可知，暗喻没有引导词，这是明喻和暗喻在形式上的最大区别。

换句话说，有为明喻，没有为暗喻。

如：He has a heart of stone. He has a heart like stone.很显然，前句是暗喻，后句是明喻。

暗喻时，比喻物和被比喻物之间的相似点较为含蓄，猛一看它们毫无关系，实际却有着某种内在联系。

谈到暗喻，有必要说说它的两种变体（variety）：博喻（sustained metaphor）和延喻（extended metaphor），它们是英语比喻中的特殊类型。

（1）博喻连续使用多个喻体去比喻主体的方法就叫做博喻。

比如：There again came out the second flash, with the spring of a serpe nt and the shout of a fiend, looked green as an emerald, and the reverber ation was stunning.(爆发了第二次闪电，她像蛇一样蜿蜒，如魔鬼般嘶叫，像翠玉般碧绿，轰隆隆震耳欲聋。

英语修辞学中20种常见修辞格名称双语释义及举例

What does that lawyer do after he dies?——Lie still. 那个律师死后干什么？──躺着仍说鬼话。（注：lie躺，撒谎；still安静地，仍然）
E. oxymoron; zeugma ; contrast
Oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）与汉语中的反映辞格类似，都是将相互矛盾的概念和判断巧妙地联系在一起，以便相互映衬，突出事物的特点，表达复杂的思想感情和意味深长的哲理。矛盾修辞手法在英语中常见，但在汉语中很少见。如：sweet sorrow 忧喜参半（不是甜蜜的悲伤）； proud humility 不卑不亢（不是骄傲的谦卑）
这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题。（Albatross是英国诗人柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁，它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后，全船陷入灾难中。）
B. metonymy; transferred epithet Metonymy、synecdoche和_1antonomasia都是不直接说出事物的本来名称，而换用另一个名称或另一个说法。它们大体上相当于汉语的借代（分为旁借和对代两类）。如Crown（王冠）可喻指君主、王权、王国政府等；doll（玩具）可喻指姑娘、宝贝等。再如：
as thick as thieves亲密无间（不是"像贼一样厚"）
as old as the hills古老（不是"像山一样老"）
The ship plows the sea. 船在乘风破浪地前进。（不是"船在犁海"）
Allusion与汉语的暗引相近似。其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些渊源流长的谚语、格言等。例如：

英语的修辞手法-英语的45种修辞手法-定义-解释

英语中的45种修辞（1）alliteration（押头韵）：一组单词的第一个辅音相同，比如例句中四个以l开头的单词。

▲ Let us go forth to lead the land we love.（2）anacoluthon（错格）：句子从一种结构变成另外一种结构，比如例句由肯定结构变成疑问结构。

▲ As a regular reader of your papers -- Why does it give so little space to science?（3）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍，比如例句中的servants。

▲ Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of state, servants of fame, and servants of business.（4）anaphora（首语重复）：将一个句子的开头单词或短语，在随后的句子中重复多遍，比如例句中的we shall fight。

▲ We shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.（5）anastrophe（词序倒装）: 改变正常词序，比如例句中最后一部分，正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up 。

▲ The helmsman steered, the ship moved on, yet never a breeze up blew.（6）antistrophe（逆反复）：在每个句子的结尾，重复相同的单词或短语，比如例句中的without warning。

英语常用修辞格复习

常用修辞格复习(定义并例证各术语) 一、使用语音手段的修辞格1．Alliteration（头韵）：2．Assonance（元韵）：3．Consonance（辅韵）：4．Onomatopoeia（拟声）：5．Aposiopesis（跳脱）：6．Apostrophe（呼告）：7．Pun（双关）：二、使用词汇手段的修辞格1．Simile（明喻）2．Metaphor（隐喻）3．Transferred epithet（移就）4．Personification（拟人）5．Oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）6．Allusion（典故）7．Analogy（类比）8．Allegory（讽喻）9．Synecdoche（提喻）10．Euphemism（委婉语）11．Metonymy（借代）12．Parody（仿拟）13．Hyperbole（夸张）14．Irony（反语）15．Pun（双关）16．Antonomasia（换称）17．Synaesthesia（通感）18．Understatement（低调陈述）19．Zeugma（轭式搭配）20．Syllepsis（一笔双叙）21．Anticlimax（突降）22．Climax（层进）三、使用句法手段的修辞格1．Loose sentence（松散句）2．Periodic sentence（圆周句）3．Antithesis（对偶句）4．Parallelism（排比句）5．Repetition（反复）6．Ellipsis（省略）7．Inversion（倒装）8．Rhetorical question（反问句）A General Review on Figures of SpeechIdentify the figure(s) of speech used in the following sentences.1. "Your Heavens, give me that patience, patience I need!" (Shakespeare)2. Finally, brethren, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is of good repute, if there is any excellence and if anything worthy of praise, let your mind dwell on these things. (The Bible)3. We felt strong, smug, secure.4. Return to her?…No, rather I abjure all roofs, and choose…To be a comrade with the wolf and owl…(Shakespeare)5. "One of my kids wrote four-letter words in his composition," the teacher said.6. When I was a child, I used to speak as a child, think as a child, reason as a child; when I became a man, I didaway with childish things. (The Bible)7. And do whate'er thou wilt, swift-footed time,To the wide world and all her fading sweets;But I forbid thee one most heinous crime. (Shakespeare)8. All are not apostles, are they? All are not prophets, are they? All are not teachers, are they? All are not workers of miracles, are they? (The Bible)9. Now, what advantage do we derive from hearing a man say that he has shaken off the yoke, that he does not believe that there is a God who watches over his actions, that he regards himself as sole judge of his conduct, and that he does not think of accounting for it to anyone but himself? Does he imagine that by saying this he is encouraging us to feel great confidence in him in the future and to expect comfort, advice, and help from him in the difficult situations of life? Do such men imagine that they have greatly rejoiced us by telling us that they think our soul is only a puff of wind or smoke, and still more by telling us so in an arrogant, self-satisfied tone? Is it a thing to be said cheerily? Is it not rather something to be admitted mournfully as though it were the saddest thing in the whole world? (Pascal)10. Good breeding consists in concealing how much we think of ourselves and how little we think of the otherperson. (Mark Twain)11. Shall the potter be considered as equal with the clay, that what is made should say to its maker, "He did not makeme"；or what is formed say to him who formed it, "He has no understanding"? (The Bible)12. Greatness, in the works of architecture, may be considered as relating to the bulk and body of the structure.…Not to mention the Tower of Babel, of which an old author says there were the foundations to be seen in his time, which looked like a spacious mountain…（Joseph Addison)13. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Nowis the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of radial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. (Martin Luthur King)14. You earn your living and you urn your dead.15. Other things may be seized by might, or purchased with money, but knowledge is to be gained only by study,and study to be prosecuted only in retirement.(Samuel Johnson)16. For ours is the age of four "A's"：anxiety, apprehension, agonizing, and aspirin. (James Thurber)17. So will these unattractive and mysterious objects lead to a new world economic order, or will the game beplayed according to the usual industrial rules; from each according to his ability, to each according to his investments?18. 0 soul of mine, will you never be good and sincere, all one, all open, visible to the beholder more clearly thaneven your encompassing body of flesh? Will you never taste the sweetness of a loving and affectionate heart?Will you never be filled full and unwanting; craving nothing, yearning for no creature or thing to minister to your pleasures, no prolongation of days to enjoy them, no place or country or pleasant clime or sweet human company? (Marcus Aurelius)19. It is in art as in morals; no character would inspire us with an enthusiastic admiration of his virtue, if that virtueconsisted only in an absence of vice; something more is required; a man must do more than merely his duty to be a hero.(Joshua Reynolds)20. It is no use doing what, you like; you have, got to like what you do. (W Churchill)21. To be, or not to be; that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe sting and arrows of outrageous fortune:Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them…（Shakespeare）22. ... Let them recognize that there are only two kinds of person whom we can describe as reasonable; those whoserve God with all their heart because they have found him, and those who seek him with all their heart because, they have not found him. (Pascal)23. O, who can hold a fire in his handBy thinking on the frosty Caucasus?Or cloy the hungry edge of appetiteBy bare imagination of a feast?Or wallow naked in December snowBy thinking on fantastic summer's best? (Shakespeare)24. Let us be ruthless in our criticism, cruel to personal vanities, indifferent to age, rank or experience if these standin our way. Let all theories be subjected to the bright clear light of practice. (Norman Bethune)25. I Came BackI came back to softness and comfort.I came back to Dr. White's.And I wonder why I ever went away.Because only Dr. White's gives me two kinds of comfort. The supper-comfort of their cotton-wool content that makes them so much softer. And the comfort of a safer, more absorbent towel, with a flush-away design, too，for even more convenience.I tried the rest, but I came back.Isn't it time you came back to Dr. White's?Dr. White's Two kinds of comfort. (Women, Apr. 1977)26. What may be done at any time will be done at no time. (Proverb)27. You might as well expect a leopard to change its spots as expect him to give up smoking.28. He intended to take an opportunity this afternoon of speaking to Irene. A word in time saves nine…(John Galsworthy)29. A little boy came up to his mother. "Ma," he said, "I have something to tell you. My teacher kissed me.”"Well, were you a good boy and did you kiss her back?""Of course not!" he denied indignantly, "I kissed her face.”30. I don't have any rich relations who well leave me money when they die. Whatever I get in life, I'll have to earnby the sweat of my brow.31. Magnus. Frankly, I have been accustomed to regard your President as a statesman whose mouth was the mostefficient part of his head. (Bernard Shaw)32. No longer mourn for me when I am deadThen you shall hear the surly sullen bellGive warning to the world that I am fledFrom this vile world, with vilest worms to dwell…(Shakespeare)33. O what can ail thee, knight-at-arms,Alone and palely loitering?The sedge has withered from the lake,And no birds sing.O what can ail thee, knight-at-arms,So haggard and so woe-begone?The squirrel's granary is full,And the harvest's done. (John Keats)34. O, my luve is like a red, red roseThat's newly sprung in June:O, my luve is like the melodieThat's sweetly played in tune. (Robert Bums)35. His behavior was一but I blush to mention that.36. He had passed many anxious hours before he got the phone call from his daughter.37. Music, when soft voices die,vibrates in the memory一odours, when sweet violets sicken，Live within the sense they quicken. (Shelly)38. Child-bearing, hard work, and constant anxiety were beginning to tell on Mrs Athelny; and sometimes her backached in the evening so that she had to sit down and rest herself. (W. S. Maugham) 39. "Now, sir," said my aunt to Mr. Micawber, as she put on her gloves, "we are ready for Mount Vesuvius, oranything else, as soon as you please.”"Madam," returned Mr. Micawber, "I trust you will shortly witness an eruption…”(Charles Dickens)40. Then the fish came alive, with his death in him, and rose high out of the water showing all his great length andwidth and all his power and his beauty. He seemed to hang in the air above the old man in the skiff. Then he fell into the water with a crash that sent spray over the old man and over all of the skiff. (Hemingway )美文欣赏4 （A formal official Letter）Liao Chengzhi' s Letter to Mr. Chiang Ching-KuoDear brother Ching-Kuo,No one ever expected that a strip of water should have become so vast a distance. It is now 36 years since our brief rendezvous in Nanjing. From our childhood friendship to our chats in the Soviet capital, everything in the past is still alive in my memory. But it's unfortunate that we haven't heard from each other for so many years. Recently I was told that you are somewhat indisposed and this has caused me much concern. Men in their seventies are often afflicted with illness. I sincerely hope that you will take good care of yourself.Over the past three years, our party has repeatedly proposed talks with your party to bury the hatchet and work jointly to accomplish the great cause of national reunification. But you have time and again announced that there should be "no contact, no talks and no compromise", which I think is inadvisable. Considering both the public interests and our close friendship which has lasted for generations, I regard it as my duty to offer some advice which I hope you will consider carefully.The peaceful reunification of the motherland would be a great achievement to be recorded in history. Taiwan is bound to return to the embrace of the motherland eventually. An early settlement would be in the interest of all. The compatriots in Taiwan would be able to live in peace and happiness, the people of all nationalities on both sides of the Taiwan straits would no longer have to endure the pains of separation from their kith and kin, and the elders in Taiwan and those who have moved there from the mainland would all be properly placed and provided for. And this would contribute to the stability of Asia and the Pacific region as well as to world peace. You used to spur yourself on with the axiom: "The interests to be considered should be the interests of all; the fame to be sought should be a fame that would last forever.” If the great cause of reunification would be accomplis hed through your work, you will certainly win the esteem of the nation and the praise of all. You would be doing meritorious service to the country and your name would be inscribed in the temple of fame. It is preposterous to regard such a service as “guilt”. After all, putting up in that tight eastern comer is not a long-term solution. This is of course quite clear for a man as intelligent as you. Hesitation, procrastination or leaving the problem to other days would only lead to difficulty and distress and you, my brother, £®would hardly be able to escape the blame. Moreover, peacefulreunification is entirely an internal affair of China. Those outsiders who talk glibly about it have designs on our Taiwan. This is common knowledge. When a decision needs to be made, irresolution is bound to bring trouble. I hope you will consider this carefully.The Kuomintang, founded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen endured countless hardships and finally overthrew the monarchy and established the republic; numerous revolutionaries advanced wave after wave and laid down their lives for the cause. History has recorded this as a glorious contribution. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party twice cooperated and on both occasions they made tremendous contributions to the country and the nation. We know something about the fast cooperation, led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, though we were still young at that time. The second cooperation proceeded with your father in the chair and, as participants in it, we should know what it was all about. Though the matter was as complicated as could be, an all-round view of the situation would show that cooperation is beneficial to the country and the nation while division is detrimental to them. Since you are presiding over the administration of Taiwan, you have unshirkable responsibility for the realization of cooperation for the third time. It would be easier to talk the matter over when leaders on both sides used to be schoolmates and close friends who know one another well. I find it really hard for me to subscribe to those views which describe cooperation as "surrender", "humiliating", "suffering losses" or "being duped. In reviewing history or looking forward to the future, one should bear in mind the public interest, the interests of the country and the nation, and use this as the supreme criterion, instead of basing oneself on a party's selfish interests. Such talks as "reunifying China with the Three People's Principles" are regarded by all sensible people as unrealistic, deceptive and self-deceiving. People of¡£ generation know the true meaning of the Three People's Principles quite well and there is no need to argue about it. Neither is there any need to dwell on such assertions as Taiwan's "economic prosperity, democracy and easy livelihood", the truth of which the venerable gentlemen in Taiwan know clearly. For the sake of your party, I would think that if you would take up the historical responsibility and resolutely take part in peace talks to accomplish national reunification as required by time and tide, the two parties would be able to co-exist for a long time to come, supervising each other while joining in the glorious effort to revitalize China. Otherwise how the situation existing in that small corner could be maintained for long? This is a question those who are sensible are already turning over in their minds. It involves the survival and development of the Kuomintang and I hope you will think it over again.I recently read one of your writings in which you expressed "fervent hopes that my father's soul would be able to return to the homeland and be reunited with the forefathers". I was overwhelmed with emotion when I read this. The remains of your father are still placed temporarily at Cihu. After reunification, they would be moved back and buried in the native soil---in Fenghua, Nanjing or Lushan---in fulfillment of your filial wishes. You recently said, "filial devotion should be expanded into national devotion, which means love of the nation and dedication to the country". This is an excellent statement. Why don't you apply it to the great cause of national reunification? As far as the country and nation are concerned, this would be an expression of both loyalty and filial piety. Otherwise how could you account for yourself after your passing away? It is hoped that you would think more about it.Dear brother! Your life has been marked by frustration, which should not be attributed to fate. Everything depends on yourself. The good and ill to be judged in the next thousand years hinge on the decision made in a moment. The present international situation is capricious. Throughout Taiwan people of all strata are talking about their future. Time does not stay and brief is the day. A long night is fraught with dreams; time does not wait for us. I hope you, my brother, would be good at making the choice and repair the house before it rains. Vast is the expanse of sky and water. What are you waiting for, staying away from home?The longing for old friends grows with age. If it is convenient to you, I would pack and set out for a visit to Taibei to seek enlightenment from our elders. "For all the disasters the brotherhood has remained; a smile at meeting and enmity is banished.” When I look towards the distant southern sky, my heart is already there. No word is enough to express what I wish to say. It is hoped that you will take good care of yourself. I am waiting impatiently for a reply.Please convey my regards to your mother as well as to Fang-Liang, Wei-Kuo and the children.Best wishes to you,Liao ChengzhiJuly 24, 1982An informal Letter (A student to a teacher)Prof. ChenMar. 26, 1987I have just received your letter of March 21. 1 was happy to hear that you are well and that you are invited to give lectures in Xi'an Foreign Languages Institute during the summer vacation. How nice it will be to see you again!Things here are going smoothly; and I haven't a thing to be unhappy about. I'd like to thank you heartily for your deep concern about me and great confidence in me.For the next three weeks there will be a general checkup on our teaching work and studies. I have already drawn up a plan with the help of other teachers. According to the requirements of the administration of our university, I intend to do the work in this way:a) Organize two demonstration lessons, one for the first grade teachers, the other for the second grade teachers.b) The teachers will attend each other's classes at least once during the period.c) Organize meetings of students of different grades so as to solicit their opinions and suggestions.The plan is based on the consideration that good experience should be popularized and shortcomings overcome as soon as possible.Please let me have your advice and instructions in regard to this plan.I was very glad to know that you are getting on well with your book. I wish it would come out soon, for I'm sure I can get a great deal from it. I hope you and your wife are enjoying yourselves in Beijing.You say your wife will go to the U. S. next month to see your daughter. Who will take care of you during her one-month stay in the U. S? Don't hesitate to ask Huang Yaping, Qi Min and others for help when you need it.Best wishes,Your student，Ding Xiaoya。

常用英语修辞格

1.生动形象的Simile（明喻）2.含而不露的Metaphor（隐喻）3.无灵有灵的Personification（拟人）4.结构精巧的Transferred Epithet（移就）5.蕴涵新意的Synecdoche（提喻）6.明抑暗扬的Understatement（低调陈述）7.闪烁其词的Euphemism（委婉）8.强化语意的Hyperbole（夸张）9.含蓄典雅的Allusion（引喻）10.相映相衬的Antithesis（对照） 11.排迭匀称的Parallelism（平行）12.发人深思的Paradox（隽语）13.矛盾统一的Oxymoron（矛盾修饰）14.妙趣横生的Anticlimax（突降）15.一唱三叹的Repetition（重复）16.音律优美的Alliteration（头韵）17.一语两意的Pun（双关）18.冷嘲热讽的Irony（反语）19.趣味盎然的Parody（仿拟）20.化腐为奇的Zeugma（轭式搭配）1明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。

例如：●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.(他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。

)●The che que fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。

)2暗喻(Metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。

英语中有19种修辞手法

英语中有19种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Metonymy 借喻，转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比，平行、Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻、Climax 渐进法，层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。

下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，快来学习吧！1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。

这种共性存有于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。

标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。

2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。

例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。

翻译中常见的修辞格

翻译中常见的修辞格由于我们精通汉语，所以英语写作中有各种各样的修辞手法。

今天，我将向你介绍20种最常见的英语修辞格。

仔细体验它们，并尝试在您的作文中使用它们:1、Simile 明喻明喻是指具有共同特征的不同事物的比较，共同特征存在于人的内心而非事物的自然属性。

标志词常用：like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。

举个例子1. I wandered lonely as astay dog.我像一只流浪狗一样孤独地四处漂泊。

2. Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 爱因斯坦喜欢披着斗篷，就好像刚刚从童话故事中走出来。

2、metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。

举个例子1. Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.希望是顿美好的早餐，但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。

2. Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书需要被“浅尝辄止”地阅读，另一些需要被“狼吞虎咽”般地阅读；很少一部分需要被“细嚼慢咽”地阅读。

3、metaphor 隐喻，暗喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.举个例子1. 以容器代替内容，例如：1）The kettle boils.水开了。

2）The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。

2. 以资料、工具代替事物的名称，例如：Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。

3. 以代替作品，例如：a plete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集4. 以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如：I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。

英文的19种修辞格

1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

英语修辞格

这类修辞格主要包括simile（明喻）, metaphor（隐喻）, allusion（暗引或典故）, metonymy（换喻）, synecdoche （提喻）, antonomasia（转喻）,transferred epithet（转移修饰）, personification（拟人）, hyperbole（夸张）, irony（反语）, euphemism（委婉语）, pun（双关）, oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）, zeugma（轭式搭配法）, contrast （对照）等。

Transferred epithet就是把本来应该用于修饰甲事物的定语移去修饰乙事物，一般用修饰有生命事物的形容词来修饰无生命事物。

Personification把非人之事物当作人来描写，把本来只适用于人的词语（如动词、形容词、名词或代词）用来描述物，赋予物以人的属性。

Hyperbole为了强调而故意夸大事实，抒发强烈的情感，以便给人留下深刻的印象。

Irony就是正话反说或反话正说，一般都需要借助特定的上下文和情景才能正确理解。

Euphemism就是把原来显得粗鲁或令人尴尬的语言用温和含蓄的表达方式讲出来，或是把话说得幽默一些。

Repetition是重复使用同一词语、句子或段落，以此强调某一事物的意义，表达强烈的感情。

英语修辞格汇总

修辞格(figures of speech)大体分为三类：音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices )；词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)句法修辞格(syntactical rhetorical devices)（一）音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)Alliteration就是在一个词组或一个诗行中，有两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开头的音节（或其他重读音节）具有同样的字母或声音.Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.（alliteration）皮特.派特咽下了一口腌菜用的胡椒粉。

Assonance是在一句话或在一个诗行中间，有两个或更多的词具有相同的元音。

With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.怀着这个信念，我们能把绝望的大山凿成希望的磐石。

Onomatopoeia是模仿事物发出的声响的修辞手法，与汉语的拟声辞格完全相同。

恰当地运用它可以使语言更加形象生动。

在英美文学终，拟声词的应用非常广泛：如：摹仿金属声的有：clash, clank, ting, tinkle, clang, jangle, ding-dong, tick-tack, etc.摹仿水等液体声的有：splash, bubble, sizz, sizzle, splish-splosh, drip-drop, etc.摹仿各种动物叫声有：neigh, baa, moo, miao, screech, hiss, cook-a-doodle-do, etc.摹仿人的各种声音有：giggle, chuckle, shriek, snort, sneeze, snigger, smack, whisper, grunt, grumble, mumble, sputter, murmur, chatter, gurgle, whoop, etc.note: (词义的转变)英语拟声词往往不仅仅指声音，并兼指产生声音的动作，（即转义后可做动词或名词）：如：flap本指扁平物体拍打时发出的“啪嗒”声，但转义后也可做动词“拍打”（动词to flap,名词a flap）又如：bang本指“砰砰”的敲物声，转义后，可指敲物的动作＂敲打＂（v. to bang, n. a bang）（二）词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)词义修辞格主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。

英文修辞格

• 3.借代, 换喻(metonymy) 用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用 crown代替 king等。 • 3.1 以容器代替内容,例如: • The kettle boils. 水开了. • The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. • 3.2 以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: • Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. • 3.3以作者代替作品,例如: • a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 • 3.4 以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: • I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. • 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
• 12. Parallelism 排比, 平行
• No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy. • In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

修辞格英语的例子

修辞格（Rhetorical devices）是用于增强语言表达效果的技巧和方法。

以下是一些常见的修辞格英语例子：1. 比喻（Metaphor）：通过将一个事物比作另一个事物来形成形象生动的表达。

例如：- "He is a shining star in our company."（他是我们公司的一颗闪耀的明星。

）2. 明喻（Simile）：通过使用“像”、“如”等词将两个事物进行比较。

例如：- "She sings like a professional."（她唱歌像个专业人士。

）3. 拟人（Personification）：将非人类事物赋予人类特征。

例如：- "The wind whispered through the trees."（风在树林中低语。

）4. 排比（Parallelism）：通过重复类似的句子结构或短语来增强表达的力度。

例如：- "I came, I saw, I conquered."（我来，我见，我征服。

）5. 反问（Rhetorical question）：提出一个问题，实际上并不期待回答，而是用来强调某个观点。

例如：- "Can we ever stop learning?"（我们能否停止学习？）6. 夸张（Hyperbole）：通过对某个事物进行过度描述来强调其特点。

例如：- "I have a million things to do."（我有成千上万的事情要做。

）7. 反讽（Irony）：通过说与自己真正意图相反的话来表达讽刺意味。

例如：- "I'm so happy to be stuck in traffic."（我太高兴堵在交通中了。

）8. 比拟（Analogy）：通过比较相似之处来说明某个概念。

例如：-"The relationship between a teacher and a student is like a garden: the teacher waters the seeds, and the student grows."（教师和学生之间的关系就像花园：教师灌溉种子，学生成长。

英文中最常见的20种修辞手法

• 早上不知道几点钟确实是一种好习惯！（反语）
•
• 2．"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. " The waiter said to the beggar.
• 作者对乞丐说，当然，你只收大钞，所以没零钱啦。
• 12、pun 双关 • 双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义、借题发挥、作
the woods. • 我很开心，似乎听到了林中唱歌的鸟儿。
• 7、hyperbole 夸张 • 夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语
势，增加表达效果。
• • 举个例子
• 1. I beg a thousand pardons. • 我千百次地祈求宽恕
• 2. Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
《My heart leaps up我心雀跃》）
• 17、oxymoron 反意法、逆喻 • • 这也是一种矛盾修辞法，用两种不相调和的特征形容一
个事物，以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。 • 往往这样的句子写出来具有很震撼的效果。 • • 例如： • 1. No light, but rather darkness visible. • 没有光，但有看得见的黑暗。 •
•
• 2. If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.
• 如果我们不团结，就上吊去吧。（注意两个hang意思不一样）
• 13、parody 仿拟 • 这是一种模仿名言、警句、谚语，改动其中部分词语从

英语常见的修辞格

英语常见的修辞格Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, or to create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张）It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).9) Synecdoche (提喻）It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.10) Antonomasia (换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.11) Pun: (双关语）It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance,a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙）It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配）It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)14) Irony: (反语）It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.15) Innuendo: (暗讽）It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16) Sarcasm: (讽刺）It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语）It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰）It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).19) Antithesis: (对照）It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20) Epigram: (警句）It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21) Climax: (渐进）It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.23) Apostrophe：(顿呼）In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词）It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.25) Alliteration: (头韵）It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声）It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement. 英语修辞大全，英语作文常用修辞手法1. 比喻(metaphor)比喻就是打比方。

有关英语的修辞表达剖析

一.相似或关联修辞格（figures of resemblance or relationship）（一）allegory ['ælɪg(ə)rɪ]（讽喻；寓言）（二）allusion [ə'luːʒ(ə)n; -'ljuː-]（引喻）（三）analogy [ə'nælədʒɪ（类比；比拟）（四）animism ['ænɪmɪz(ə)m]（比拟；卡通法；动画法）（五）antonomasia [,æntənə'meɪzɪə; æn,tɒnə-] （借代；换称）（六）conceit [kən'siːt]（比附比喻）（七）dysphemism ['disfimizəm]（贬损；贬抑）（八）enallage [en'ælədʒɪ]（替换）（九）euphemism ['juːfəmɪz(ə)m]（委婉）（十）fable ['feɪb(ə)l]（寓言）（十一）homericsimile（荷马风格式明喻）（十二）kenning ['kenɪŋ]（迂说）（十三）metalepsis [,metə'lepsɪs]（借代；转义）（十四）metaphor（隐喻）（十五）metaphor（1）deadmetaphor（融合隐喻终休隐喻）（十六）metaphor（2），alivemetaphor（鲜活隐喻）（十七）metaphor（3），extendedmetaphor（延展隐喻）（十八）metaphor（4），mixedmetaphor（矛盾隐喻）（十九）metaphor（5），metaphorofsuccessionwithoutconfusion（协调隐喻）（二十）metaphor（6），personal（anthropomorphic）metaphor（拟人隐喻）（二十一）metaphor（7），submergedmetaphor（潜性隐喻）（二十二）metaphor（8），organicmetaphor（象征隐喻）（二十三）metaphor（9），telescopedmetaphor（联珠隐喻）（二十四）metaphor（10），sustainedmetaphor（强进隐喻）（二十五）metaphor（11），diminishingmetaphor（玄学派隐喻）（二十六）metonymy（借代；换喻）（二十七）parable（比喻；寓言）（二十八）personification（拟人）（二十九）personification（1）prosopopoeia（拟人）（三十）personification（2）patheticfallacy（拟人）（三十一）personification（3），apostrophe（呼语）（三十二）personification（4）invocation（呼求；乞灵；祈求）（三十三）phanopoeia（示现）（三十四）simile（明喻）（三十五）simile（1），epicsimile（史诗明喻）（三十六）simile（2），homericsimile（荷马风格式明喻）（三十七）synecdoche（借代；提喻）（三十八）trope（比喻）强调或含蓄修辞格（figuresofemphasisorunder－statement）（一）adynation（玄乎夸张）（二）asyndeton（连词省略）（三）adversativeasyndeton（反意连词省略）（四）amplification（渲染夸张）（五）anastrophe（倒装）（六）anticlimax（突降）（七）antiphrasis（倒词）（八）antistoichon（对照）（九）antithesis（对照）（十）aphorism（格言；警句）（十一）apophasis（阳舍阴取；欲取姑舍）（十二）apostrophe（呼语）（十三）invocation（呼求；乞灵）（十四）autoclesis（阳舍阴取；欲取姑舍）（十五）auxesis（夸张）（十六）bathos（突降；弄巧成拙）（十七）climax（阶升）（十八）contrast（比较；反衬）（十九）correction（补充）（二十）pairingsynonym（同义词配搭）（二十一）epanorthosis（补充；补证）（二十二）epigram（隽语）（二十三）jeud’esprit（隽语）（二十四）euphuism（尤菲绮斯体；绮丽体）（二十五）exaggeration（夸张）（二十六）exergasia（尤菲绮斯体；绮丽体）（二十七）hyperbaton（倒装）（二十八）hyperbole（夸张）（二十九）innuendo（暗贬；暗讽）（三十）inversion（倒装）（三十一）irony（悖反）（三十二）irony（1），verbalirony（措辞悖反反语）（三十三）irony（2），situationalirony（情况悖反）（三十四）irony（3），dramaticirony（戏剧性悖反）（三十五）irony（4），tragicirony（悲剧性悖反）（三十六）irony（5），comicirony（喜剧性悖反）（三十七）irony（6），cosmicirony（命运悖反）（三十八）irony（7），theironyoffate（命运悖反）（三十九）irony（8），worldirony（命运悖反）（四十）irony（9），philosophicalirony（命运悖反）（四十一）irony（10），romanticirony（浪漫性悖反）（四十二）irony（11）socraticirony（苏格拉底式悖反）（四十三）irony（12），rhetoricalirony（措词悖反；反语）（四十四）irony（13），dialecticalirony（辩证悖反）（四十五）litotes（含蓄肯定；含蓄悖反）（四十六）meiosis（含蓄陈述）（四十七）negation（含蓄肯定）（四十八）oxymoron（矛盾修饰；精警）（四十九）paradox（矛盾隽语；警策）（五十）paraleipsis（假省略真强调）（五十一）paralepsis（假省略真强调）（五十二）paralipsis（假省略真强调）（五十三）preterition（假省略真强调）（五十四）sarcasm（讽刺）（五十五）satire（讽刺；嘲讽）（五十六）satire（1）horatiansatire（贺拉斯式讽刺）（五十七）satire（2）juvenaliansatire（朱维诺尔式讽刺）（五十八）satire（3）indirectsatire（间接讽刺）（五十九）syncrisis（比较；对照）（六十）syneciosis（对照；反衬）（六十一）systrophe（定义堆累）（六十二）tapinosis（明夸暗损）（六十三）understatement（含蓄陈述）（六十四）vision（示现）三.语音修辞格（figuresofsound）（一）alliteration（头韵）（二）assonance（准押韵）（三）consonance（谐音）（四）dissonance（噪音）（五）repetition（重复）（六）repetition（1），anadiplosis（尾首重复；联珠；顶针）（七）repetition（2）anaphora（首语重复）（八）repetition（3），antanaclasis（原词多义）（九）repetition（4），catchwordrepetition（尾首重复；联珠；顶针）（十）repetition（5），chiasmus（颠倒重复）（十一）repetition（6），correction（矫正重复）（十二）repetition（7），cumulation（同意重复）（十三）repetition（8），echo（回声重复）（十四）repetition（9），epanadiplosis（首词尾复）（十五）repetition（10），epanalepsi（嵌插重复）（十六）repetition（11），epanaphora（首语重复）（十七）repetition（12），epanastrophe（尾首重复）（十八）repetition（13），epanodos（逆转重复）（十九）repetition（14），epanorthosis（矫正重复）（二十）repetition（15），epidiplosis（首词尾复）（二十一）repetition（16），epiphora（尾语重复）（二十二）repetition（17），epistrophe（尾语重复）（二十三）repetition（18），epizeuxis（紧接重复）（二十四）repetition（19），gemination（紧接重复）（二十五）repetition（20）gradation（尾首重复；层递重复）（二十六）repetition（21）identicalrhyme（原词押韵）（二十七）repetition（22），incrementalrepetition（歌谣重复；悬念重复）（二十八）repetition（23），ploce（原词多义；同语新义）（二十九）repetition（24），palilogy（紧接重复；嵌插重复）（三十）repetition（25），paregmenon（同源重复）（三十一）repetition（26），regression（逆转重复）（三十二）repetition（27），symploce（首语、尾语合并重复）（三十三）repetition（28），polyoptoton（转化重复）（三十四）repetition（29），tautology（累赘重复）（三十五）repetition（30），refrain（叠句重复）（三十六）onomatopoeia（摹声）（三十七）melopoeia（音响辅义）四.文字游戏修辞格（verbalgame andgymnas－tics ）（一）ambiguity（意中寓意；双关）（二）anagram （拆词命意）（三）antistrophe（同语颠倒重复）（四）doubleentendre（黄色双关）（五）hendiadys（双词单意）（六）hypallage（移就）（七）palindrome（回文）（八）parody（仿拟）（九）paronomasia（双关）（十）portmanteauword（熔合词）（十一）prolepsis（预言示现）（十二）pun（双关）（十三）quibble（双关）（十四）quip（双关）（十五）reverse（易位）（十六）syllepsis（1）（一词多叙）（十七）syllepsis92）（兼顾）（十八）transferredepithet（移就）（十九）zeugma（拈连）五误用收效修辞格（rhetoricalexploitationoferrors）（一）anachronism（超前夸张）（二）bull（言辞矛盾）（三）catachresis（滥用比喻）（四）circumlocution（迂曲）（五）malapropism（误换）（六）metathesis（音位转换）（七）mimesis（模仿）（八）periphrasis（迂曲）（九）spoonerism（字母误换）六.描绘性词语（descriptivewords）（一）bulk（体积描摹）（二）characteristicapposition（特征性同位语）（三）descriptivewords（描写性词语）（四）epexegesis（诠注）（五）epithet（属性词语）（六）homericepithets（荷马式属性词语）英语同源修辞格是一种特殊的重复修辞手法。

英语中出现的修辞格

1.头韵(alliteration): ①Time and tide wait for no man.2.拟声(onomatopoeia):以相似的声音描摹非语言的声音.例如:②You see, life is made up sobs(哭泣声),sniffles(抽鼻子声) and smiles-but mainly of sniffles.(二)使用词汇手段的修辞格.主要有: 1.明喻(simile):用另一种事物比喻所要说明的事物,通常用like或as连用.例如: 2.隐喻(metaphor):不用like或as隐藏的比喻.例如:3.提喻(synecdoche):以部分代替整体,单个代替类别,具体代表抽象,或反过来,以全体代替部分,类别代替单个,抽象代替具体.例如:①Once Lu Xun spoke to the youth about the study of foreign language.[youth不只是抽象名词表"年轻、青春(状态或阶段)",在古英语中就已经可以作集合名词指"青年人"这一整体。

] ②A horse is an animal.③The CCTV(中央电视台) has been broadcasting English programmes ever since 1977.(用整体代替部分,指中央电视台的工作人员)4.讽喻(allegory):以形象的形式说明一些抽象的要领或深刻的道理,谚语是最常见的例子.例如:①Fish begins to stink at the head.上梁不正下梁歪.②You can not eat your cake and have it.两者不可兼得.③Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口.5.借代(metonymy):不相类似的甲事物同乙事物之间有着不可分离的关系,利用这种关系以乙事物的名称来代替甲事物.例如:①In the country the revolutionaries set fire to the noble's castle and burnt them to the ground.(划线部分代封建制度)6.委婉语(euphenism):用比较温和的词代替粗鲁的词或使人不愉快的词,用通行的词代替禁忌的词.例如:①Would you like some help?试比较: a. Will you like some help? b. Do you like some help?②You look rather pale. Is there anything the matter?试比较:You look rather ill.③The next day he had a red face.试比较:The next day he felt shy.7.曲言(litotes):用反对语的否定来表达肯定,它又叫间接肯定法.例如:①There is no doubt about it.②The sort of medicine is not useless.③Fish can't live without water.8.反语(irony):亦称讽刺,即通常所谓说反话,常用于讽刺或嘲弄的场合.例如:Well, of course, I know that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.9.双关语(pun):一个词在上、下文中有双重或更多的含义.在英语中,常利用同形异义词(拼写相同但意义不同)或同(谐)音异义词(发音相同或相似,拼写与意义不同)来造成双关的效果.例如:①Customer：What's this?Waiter：It has bean(豆子) soup.Customer：I don't want to know what it has been(是); I want to know what it is now.②A：What is the longest sentence(句子、判刑) in the world?B：Prison for life.10.夸张(hyperbole):在真实的基础上有意言过其实以更好地反映事物的本质.例如:①I can wait all my life, sir.②To Annie I owe thinks for this priceless gift(无价之宝) of speech.11.拟人(personification):把事、物、观念等拟作人,赋予它们以人的思想与行为方式.例如:①The bamboo answered, "Yes, and I am magic.I am getting tired of this."②Can you tell me the way to the Sleeping Beauty Castle(睡美人城堡)?12.通感(synaesthesia):五官感觉的相通,即身体的某个器官受刺激时,身体的另一个器官所感觉到的感觉.例如:She has a sweet voice(甜美的声音).(sweet是一种味觉,声音属于听觉感应的范围)13.层进(climax):一层层地推进与加强最终达到高潮或顶点的修辞方式.例如:①Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.(Bacon)有些书只须浅尝即可,有些书却要囫囵吞下,只有少数的书才值得咀嚼和消化.②Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡、早起使人健康、富有、智慧.14.对照(antithesis):揭出互相对立的现象,使它们相映相衬,以达到加强文势的效果.它包括一体两面的对照和两体对照.(1)一体两面的对照:就是把相反的观念同时叙述在一个事物上,由此形成矛盾,并在矛盾上透出事物的特殊本质.因此,这种修辞手段也叫矛盾修辞格,例如:①My friend said, what black and white and read all over?②Many scientists have both these qualities, that is, they are both careful and careless.(2)两体对照:就是互相对立的两个事物并列出来,使它们彼此映衬,这样,黑者愈黑,白者愈白,能使人获得极鲜明,极深刻的印象.例如:①Harm set, harm get.害人反害己.②Careful and careless are as different as fire and water.15.低调陈述(understatement):就是轻描淡写地来陈述一种想法.低调陈述最基本的表现方法有下列三种:(1)正话反说:就是用no,not,none,never以及否定词缀等否定词与否定表达法来表述肯定的内容,这种表达方式在修辞学中有一个专门术语叫曲言法(litotes).例如:①There is no doubt about it.②The sort of medicine is not useless.(2)回避正面直说或不作正面的回答:就是其中所表达的含意让听话人自己去琢磨,在这样用时,以"情态动词+不定式(不定式完成式)"为多.例如:Why should you be so late today?你今天怎么来得这么晚?这样说,比Why are you so late today?要委婉得多,其中的含义是:You should come here earlier.(实际上来迟了)(3)弱说代替强说:就是常用a bit, almost, a little, hardly, kind of, rather, pretty, scarcely, quite, something of, sort of等低调词(downtoners)来减缩事物的重要性.例如:①By this time they were a little anxious.②My shoe has been pressing against my foot, so it hurts a bit.16.典故(allusion):诗文中引用的古代故事和有来历出处的词语。

英语修辞格完整版

An Introduction to Figures of Speech(修辞格)Rhetorical Devices(修辞手法)1. Simile(明喻)Simile is an expression of comparison between two different things. It is usually introduced by “as” or “like”, and sometimes also by “as…as/as…so”, and “resemble”as the signs of comparison.明喻就是打比方，指一事物像另一事物的修辞格。

常用的比喻词有“as”or “like”, and sometimes also by “as…so /as…as”, and “resemble”等1). Mercy drops as the gentle rain from heaven upon the place beneath.—Shakespeare2). The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing.3). Self-criticism is as necessary to us as air to water.4). As a man whispers, so the breeze makes a low, hissing sound.5) Learning resembles scaling the heights.2. Metaphor(隐喻/暗喻)Metaphor contains an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily or primarily used of one thing is applied to another. In other words, it calls one thing by the name of another or one thing is described in terms of another.隐喻是一种隐含着比喻的修辞格，它直接把一种事物比为另一种事物，不用比喻词，通常比较含蓄。

英语30种修辞手法

以下是英语中常见的30种修辞手法：Alliteration（头韵）: 一组词以相同的辅音音素开头。

Assonance（音韵）: 一组词以相似的元音音素结尾或出现在词中。

Consonance（谐音）: 一组词以相似的辅音音素结尾或出现在词中。

Simile（明喻）: 使用"like"或"as"来进行比较，以明确两个不同的事物之间的相似之处。

Metaphor（隐喻）: 通过将一个事物或概念直接应用于另一个事物或概念来进行比喻。

Personification（拟人）: 赋予非人类事物或抽象概念人类的特征和行为。

Hyperbole（夸张法）: 通过夸大和放大来强调一个观点或形容事物。

Understatement（轻描淡写法）: 通过故意低估事物的重要性或程度来强调其效果。

Irony（讽刺）: 通过语言表达与实际意义相反或冲突的观点。

Paradox（矛盾）: 使用自相矛盾的语句来引起读者的思考和注意。

Oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）: 将两个相反的词或短语并列使用，形成矛盾的修辞效果。

Euphemism（委婉语）: 使用较为委婉的措辞来替代直接或冒犯性的表达。

Repetition（重复）: 在文章或诗歌中重复使用相同的词语或短语来强调观点。

Parallelism（排比）: 使用类似的语法结构或句式来强调一组观点。

Antithesis（对偶）: 在句子或短语中对立地表达两个相反的观点或概念。

Climax（递进）: 通过递进的方式将观点或事件按照重要性或程度进行排列。

Juxtaposition（并列）: 将两个不同的事物或观点放置在一起，以产生对比或突出效果。

Anaphora（回文）: 在连续的句子或短语中重复使用相同的词语或短语。

Epiphora（尾韵）: 在句子或短语的结尾重复使用相同的词语或短语。

Allusion（典故）: 引用文学、历史或文化中的人物、事件或作品来传达观点或增加文采。

英语常用修辞法22种

英语修辞法18种1. 明喻 (Simile)明喻是指为了鲜明地刻画某一事，将具有某种共同特征的两种事物加以对比。

它由本体、喻体和比喻词组成。

常用的比喻词有as、like、as if、as though、as... as、similar to、to bear a resemblance to等等。

明喻能使深奥的哲理变得浅显易懂。

1.A man without religion is like a horse without a bridle. 人无信仰，犹如马无缰绳。

e a book as a bee does flowers.读书如蜜蜂采蜜。

3.Beauty without virtue is like a rose without scent.美而无德犹如花无香味。

2. 暗喻 (Metaphor)暗喻亦称为“隐喻”，它同明喻一样，也是在两个不同类对象之间进行比喻，区别在于：明喻把本体和喻体说成是相似的，而暗喻则把两者说成是一致的；明喻中有比喻词，而暗喻中不用比喻词。

1.A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 好书如相伴终生的挚友。

2.A dwarf on a giant’s shoulders sees the farther of the two.侏儒站在巨人的肩上，会看得更远。

3.A teacher for a day is a father for a lifetime.一日为师，终身为父。

3.类比 (Analogy)类比是一种阐述事理的修辞格，即用人们熟悉的事例说明较深的道理，或通过具体形象阐明抽象的概念。

它主要是把两种本质上不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较。

1.Judicious praise is to children what the sun is to flowers. 明智的赞扬对于孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用一样。

英语修辞格

英语修辞格1. Simile1. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.-----John RuskinHe was like a cock who thought the sun had risen for him to crow.-----George EliotMarriage is like a beleaguered fortress：those who are without want to get in，and those within want to go get out．----P．M．Quitard婚姻像是一个被包围的堡垒：外边的想要进去，里边的人想要出来。

Love goes towards love，as school boys from their books；but love from love，towards school with heavy looks．-----William Shakespeare赴情人的约会，像学童抛开书一样；和情人分别，像学童板着脸上学堂。

2. As the lion is king of beasts，so is the eagle king of birds．鹰是鸟中之王，犹如狮是兽中之王。

As cold waters to a thirsty soul，so is good news from a far country．----Holy Bible有好消息自远方来，犹如以凉水供口渴者喝。

Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature，so Marx discovered the law of development of human history·----Friedrich Engels正如达尔文发现有机界的发展规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律。