有机化学词汇
整理有机化学词汇,带音标,完整版
Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】acetic [ə's itik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`h aidraid] 【乙酸酐】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Acetylene [ә's etili:n]【乙炔】acid chloride【酰氯】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n]【酰化作用】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】Alkaline ['ælkәlain]【碱】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm]【铝】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】anthranilic [ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Brine [brain]【盐水】bromination ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】bromine['brәumi:n]【溴】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】cadmium ['kædmiәm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate ['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik]【羧基的】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'leiʃәn【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation [ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【氯磺化】C ocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】cuprous ['kju:prәs] cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt【重氮盐】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Dipole['d aipәul]【偶极】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Ester['estә]【脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Ethanol ['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】fluorination[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisәrin]【甘油，丙三醇】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazone [`haidrәˏzәun]【腙】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】indazole ['indәzәul]【吲唑】indole [' indәul]【吲哚】Intermolecular [ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Intramolecular [ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Isothiocynate [aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】linear['liniә]【直链的】lithium ['liθiәm]【锂】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】Nickel ['nikl] 镍nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn] 【氮】nitromethane [ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligәu'sækәraid]【寡糖】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tælik]【有机金属的】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn] 【氧】Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】Phenol ['f i:nәl]【苯酚】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】phosphorous ['fɔsfәrәs] tribromide[tr ai'brәumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus ['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine [pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】potassium[pә'tæsiәm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】Proton ['prәutɔn]【质子】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrolidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】pyrrole ['piәrәul]【吡咯】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】quinoline ['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】Radical ['rædikәl] initiator [i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】Transesterification [t rænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯交换】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Triphosgene【三光气】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'keiʃәn]【超声作用】Urea ['juәriә]【尿素】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid]【乙酸酐】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Acetylene [ә'setili:n]【乙炔】acid chloride【酰氯】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n]【酰化作用】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】Alkaline ['ælkәlain]【碱】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】alk yne['ælkain]【炔烃】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm] 【铝】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] E ffect【端基异构效应】anthranilic [ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid] 【过氧化苯甲酰】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Brine [brain]【盐水】brominat ion ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】bromine['brәumi:n]【溴】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】cadmium ['kædmiәm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate ['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik]【羧基的】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'leiʃәn【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation [ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn] 【氯磺化】Cleavage【分离，脱除】Cocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】column chromatography【柱层析】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu]【转化率】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】cuprous ['kju:prәs] cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik]【非对映的】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt【重氮盐】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Dipole['daipәul]【偶极】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】Ester['estә]【脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Ethanol ['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】fluori nation[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisәrin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs]【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazone [`haidrәˏzәu n]【腙】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】I midazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】indazole ['indәzәul]【吲唑】indole [' indәul]【吲哚】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】Intermolecular [ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Intramolecular [ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】Introduction【引入】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Iso thiocynate [aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏtei t]【醋酸铅】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】linear['liniә]【直链的】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】lithium ['liθiәm] 【锂】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】Nickel ['nikl] 镍nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn] 【氮】nitromethane [ˏnaitrә'meθe in]【硝基甲烷】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligәu'sækәraid]【寡糖】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tælik]【有机金属的】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn] 【氧】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】Phenol ['fi:nәl]【苯酚】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】phosphorous ['fɔsfәrәs] tribromide [trai'brәumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus ['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine [pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】potassium[pә'tæsiәm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә]【前体】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Proton ['prәutɔn]【质子】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrolidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】pyrrole ['piәrәul]【吡咯】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】quinoline ['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】Radical ['rædikәl] initiator [i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv]【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait] 【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】Stability [stә'bil iti]【稳定性】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】stir bar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】Tran sesterification [trænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯交换】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Triphosgene【三光气】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'keiʃәn]【超声作用】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】Urea ['juәriә]【尿素】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】A nomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Cataly sis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Ca talytical [kætә`l itikәl] 【催化的】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】Cleavage【分离，脱除】column chromatography【柱层析】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivәti v]【衍生物】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】Hydrogenoly sis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】Introduction【引入】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomer ization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophili c [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】S teric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】stir bar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】高频有机化学词汇，带音标Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】。
高频有机化学词汇,带音标
高频有机化学词汇，带音标Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】分享举报路过鸡蛋鲜花握手雷人发表评论评论 (1 个评论)•回复举报化工2009-08-10 18:35Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn] 【氧】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn] 【氮】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】Urea ['juәriә]【尿素】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ester['estә]【脂】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】P roton ['prәutɔn]【质子】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】lithium ['liθiәm] 【锂】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm] 【铝】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisәrin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】Chlorofor mate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】acetic [ә'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid] 【乙酸酐】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】potassium[pә'tæsiәm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】fluorination[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】bromine['brәumi:n]【溴】bromination ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】linear['liniә]【直链的】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'leiʃәn【氯甲基化】nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】chlorosulfonation [ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【氯磺化】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n] 【酰化作用】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】phosphorus ['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorous ['fɔsfәrәs] tribromide[trai'brәumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】acid chloride【酰氯】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Ethanol ['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazone [`haidrәˏzәun]【腙】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Acetylene [ә'setili:n]【乙炔】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Alkaline ['ælkәlain]【碱】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】Isothiocynate [aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Carbamate ['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Cocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Oligosacchari de[ˏɔligәu'sækәraid]【寡糖】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'keiʃәn]【超声作用】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】Transesterification [trænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯交换】Intramolecular [ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】Int ermolecular [ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Dipole['daipәul]【偶极】Electron rich【富电子】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt【重氮盐】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】phenyl ['fenәl]【苯基】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】nitromethane [ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】anthranilic [ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】cuprous ['kju:prәs] cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Brine [brain]【盐水】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Phenol ['fi:nәl]【苯酚】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Radical ['rædikәl] initiator [i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】Triphosgene【三光气】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】cadmium ['kædmiәm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Nickel ['nikl] 镍Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tælik]【有机金属的】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】quinoline ['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】isoquinoline【异喹啉】indole [' indәul]【吲哚】indazole ['indәzәul]【吲唑】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrrole ['piәrәul]【吡咯】pyro lidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】piperazine [pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】catalyst [`kæt?list]n.【催化剂】catalysis [k?`tælisis]n.【催化（作用）】catalytical [kæt?`litik?l]adj. 【催化的】……………由于精力有限，所有词汇没有按字母表顺序排序，只是按一般的范畴大概进行分类。
有机化学词汇
Instant Notes in Organic ChemistryWord and ExpressionsPrefacecomprehensive [kCmp r I5h ensIv] B. 广泛的，综合的，易了解的 ancillary [An5sil[rI] B. n. 辅助的，附属的，助手height [h ai t] n. 高、顶点，卓越ecstasy [5ekst[sI] n. 狂喜，出神，入迷blanch [blB:n t F] v. 变白，漂白，粉饰，蒙混curly [5k[:lI] B. 卷曲的，波浪式的，旋涡型的maze [meI z] n.v. 迷宫，曲径，迷惑，使困惑，使为难 squiggly [5sk w IglI] B.波形曲线,花体compound [5kCmpaUnd] n.复合物,综合体,化合物manageable[5m AnI d V[b l] B.易管理的,易办的,可以设法的peculiar [pI5kjU:lj[] B.独特的,奇怪的,特权的,特有财产 outrageous [aUt5r eIdV[s] B.残暴的,荒谬绝伦的nomenclature [noU5menkl[tF[] n. 术语,专用名称,名称,词汇crucial [5k r U:F(j)[l] B.决定性的,紧要关头的,关系重大的a'piece of cake' 小菜一碟,(口)轻松愉快的事情genetic [dVi5netIk] B.创始的,发展的,遗传学的malfunction [5mAl5fQNkF[n] n.不正常工作，故障，出错，失灵 assist [[5sIst] v. n.帮助，参加，出席，加速herbicide [5h[:bIsaid] n.除草（莠）剂fungicide [5fQndVIsaid] n.杀菌剂forensic [f[5r ensIk] B.法庭的，辩论的non'descript [nCndIs5k r Ipt] B. n.形容不出的，难区别的，难以形容 spacesuit n.宇宙服，航空服microelectronics [9maik ro UIlek5t r CnIks] n.微电子学，微电子技术 hybridization [9h aib r Idai5z eiF[n] n.混成，杂化（作用）categoriz(ing)e [5kAtIg[r ai z] vt.分类，把…归类，区别 stereochemistry [5stI[r I o U5kemIst r I] n.立体化学nucleophile [5nju:klI[9fail] n.亲核试剂，electrophile [I5lekt r[9faIl] n.亲电试剂，亲电分子Section A-Structure and bondingorbital [5C:b Itl] B. n. 轨道的，范围的，轨函数shell [Fel] n.v. 壳，外壳，骨架，去壳，脱落，枪击 spherical [5sfe r Ik[l] B. 球的，圆的，立体的dumbbell [5dQmbel] n. 哑铃align [5[lain] v. n. (使排)成一线，列成一行，对中 degenerate [dI5dVen[r eIt] v. 退化，变质，简并periodic [pI[r I5CdIk] B. 周期性的，定期的，间歇的maximum [5m AksIm[m] n. B. 最大的，最高的，最多spin [spIn] v.n 自旋，绕转，螺旋，疾驰，spun, B. exclusion [Iks5klU:V[n] n.排斥，排斥在外configuration [k[n9fIgjU5r eiF[n] n.配置，构型，形态covalent [k[U5veIl[nt] B. 共价的superscript [5s j U:p[sk r Ipt] n. B. 上标，标在上面circular [5s[:kjUl[] B.n. 圆的,环形的,通知，广告overlap [5oUv[lAp]n. [o Uv[5lAp] v. 重叠,交叠,互搭,相交 imply [Im5plai] vt.意思是,意味着,包含,蕴涵bind [baind] v. n. 捆，绑,束,结合,带，索rugby [5rQgbI] n. 橄榄球(球)release [rI5lI:s] v. n. 释放,解除,放松,发行favoured [5feIv[d] B. 受优惠的,受到优待的subsequent [5sQbsIkw[nt] B. 后来的,其次的,连续的 concentrate [5kCnsentreIt] v.n.集中,浓缩(物) B.sole [soul] n. vt. 底部,基地,单一的,专用的 identify [ai5dentIfai] v.识别,辩认,鉴定,验明definition [9defI5nIF[n] n.定义，解说,限定,分辨力lobe [l[Ub] n.耳垂,圆裂片,瓣,叶tetrahedron [9tet r[5h ed r[n] n.四面体saturate [5sAtF[r eIt] n. vt.使饱和,使中和,渗透 hydrocarbon [9haid r[U5kB:b[n] n.烃,碳氢化合物 pyramidal [pI5r AmIdl] n.锥骨hatch [hAtF ] n.孔口,入孔,升降机wedge [wedV ] n.vt.楔，劈,使分裂的东西amine [5AmI:n] n.胺halide [5hAlaid] n.B.卤化物，卤素ether [5I:W[] n. 醚,乙醚,太空,苍天symmetric [sI5met r Ik] B. 对称的,匀称的perpendicular [9p[:p[n5dIk j Ul[] .B.n. 垂直的,正交的,直立 carbonyl [5kB:b[nIl] n. 羰基,碳酰aromatic [9A r[U5mAtIk] B.芳香的, n .芳香族化合物 delocalize [dI:5l[Uk[laiz] vt.使离开原位,去除…限制 conjugate [5kCndVUgIt] B. n.结合的,共轭的,同根词 alternating [5C:lt[:neItIN] B. 交流,交变character [5kA r Ikt[] n. vt.特征,性格,资格,字符 aldehyde [5Al d Ihaid] n.醛,乙醛ketone [5kI:toun] n.酮ethene [5eWi:n] n.乙烯alkene [5AlkI:n] n.烯烃,烯disrupt [dIs5r Qpt] vt.分裂,瓦解,使混乱,破坏 butadiene [b j U:t[5daiI:n] n.丁二烯terminal [5t[:mInl] B.n.未端,极限的,词尾ester [5est[] n. 酯alkyne [5Al k ain] n.炔nitrile [5nait r ail] n. 腈ethyne [5eWain] n.乙炔gray [greil] B. n.灰色,暗淡,灰白,老的,阴沉的 allene [5AlI:n] n. 丙烯carboxylic [9kB:bCk5sIlIk] B. 羧基的amide [5A m aid] n. 酰胺，氨化物anhydride [An5haidraid] n.酐Section B-Alkanes and cycloalkanesReagent [rI5eIdV[nt] n.试剂,试药,反应物formula [5fC:mjUl[] n.俗套话,公式,程式,配方,(化)式 cycloalkane [9saikl[U5AlkeIn] n.环烷烃cyclic [5saiklIk] B. 周期的,循环的，环状的strain [streIn] vi. 紧,扭伤，尽力，弯曲,n.张力，血缘，种类，曲调isomer [5ais[Um[] n.(同分)异构体，同质异能素 straight [streIt] B. Bd. n. 直线，直的，正直的，坦率的chain [tFeIn] n 链，锁链，一系列，束线acyclic [eI5saiklIk] B. 非周期性的，非循环的encounter [In5kaUnt[] vt. vi.n. 遭遇，冲突，偶然相遇 cyclohexane [9saikl[U5hekseIn] n.环己烷omission [[U5mIF[n] n.省略，删节，遗漏，失职skeletal [5skelIt[l] B.骨架的drawing [drC:IN] n.抽签，绘图，素描junction [5dVQNkF[n] n.连接，接合，交叉点alkyl [5AlkIl] n.烷基，烃基complicate [5kCmplIkeIt] vt. vi. B.使复杂化，使麻烦，复杂的 tedious [5ti:dj[s] B. 冗长乏味的，沉闷的represent [9reprI5z ent] vt.描绘,阐述,声称,扮演zigzag [5zigzAg] n.之字形,锯齿形,壕沟,蜿蜒曲折 depiction [dI5pIkF[n] n.描绘,图画,描写methane [5m I:WeIn] n.甲烷,沼气ethane [5eWeIn] n.乙烷propane [5pr[UpeIn] n.丙烷butane [5bjU:teIn] n.丁烷pentane [5penteIn] n.戊烷hexane [5hekseIn] n.(正)己烷heptane [5heptein] n.(正)庚烷octane [5CkteIn] n.(正)辛烷nonane [5nCneIn] n.壬烷decane [5dekeIn] n. 癸烷branch [bra:ntF] vi. n. vt. 分枝,支线,分割alphabetic(al) [9Alf[5betIk] B.字母表的,依字母顺序的prefix(ing) [5prI:fIks] n. 前缀,词头priority [prai5CrItI] n.在先,居先,优先supplant [s[5pla:nt] vt.代替,取代,把…排挤掉minimum [5mInIm[m] n. B.最小量，最低值，最小的 precedence [prI:5sI:d[ns] n. 领先,在前,优先,先后次序moiety [5mCI[tI] n.一半,约一半,组成部分,一份Section C-Functional groupsnitro [5naitr[U] n.硝基phenol [5fI:nCl] n.(苯)酚,碳酸alcohol [5Alk[hCl] n.酒精,乙醇,醇thiol [5Wai[Ul] n.硫醇(类)thioether [Wai[U5I:W[] n.硫醚ethanoic acid 乙酸,醋酸aryl [5ArIl] n.芳基sulfur [5sQlf[] n. B. vt.硫黄,硫化heteroatom [9het[r[5At[m] n.杂原子intermolecular [9Int[m[U5lekjUl[] B. 分子间的ionic [ai5CnIk] B. 离子的dipole [5dai9p[Ul] n.偶极,偶极子partially [5pB:F[lI] B d. 部分地,局部地dipole moment 偶极矩parallel [5pAr[lel] B. n. v. 平行的,并联,平行于transient [5trAnzI[nt] B. n. 暂时的,瞬变的,过渡的 fluctuation [flQktjU5eIF[n] . n.波动,脉动,振幅zwitterion [5tsvIt[rai[n] n.两性离子,双离子deficit [5defIsIt] n.不足,缺陷,亏损,赤字hydrophobic [9h aidr[5f[UbIk] B.疏水的，憎水的polarity [p[U5lArItI] n. 极性solubility [sCljU5bIlItI] n. 溶解度,溶解能力chloroform [5klC(:)r[fC:m] n. 氯仿,三氯甲烷hydrophilic [9haidr[5fIlIk] B. 亲水的withdraw(ing) [wIT5drC:] v. 取出,提取,分离,移去donat(ing)or [d[U5neIt[] n. 施主,给予体toluene [5tCljUI:n] n. 甲苯aniline [5AnIlIn] n. B. 苯胺，苯胺的benzaldehyde [ben5zAldI9haid] n. 苯甲醛ortho,meta,para [C:W[] [met[] [pAr[] 邻，间，对alkoxy [Al5kCksI].n. 烷氧基alkanal，(aldehyde) 烷(烃)醛alkanone ，(ketone) 烷(烃)酮alkanoate 链烷酸酯(或盐)phenyl [5fenIl] n.苯基benzyl [5ben z Il] n.苄基，苯甲基acetophenone [5AsIt[5fI:n[Un] n.乙酰基,苯乙酮valid [5vAlId] B.有效的，正当的，确定的derivative [dI5rIv[tIv] B. n.衍生的，被诱导的，派出物，衍生物 carboxylic [9kB:bCk5sIlIk] B.(含)羧基的alkanamide(amide) 酰胺tertiary [5t[:F[ rI] B.特的，叔的，联三个碳原子的，第三的 sulfide [5sQlfaid] n.硫化物,硫醚quaternary [kw[5t[:n[rI] B.n. 四元的,四价的,季的,四 methylene [5meWIlI:n] n.亚甲基,甲撑methine [5meWI:n] n.次甲基assignment [[5sainm[nt] n.分派,指定,用途,任务ammonium [[5m[Unj[m] n.铵Section D-Stereochemistryclockwise [5klCkwaiz] B. B d. 顺时针方向,右转的asymmetric [9AsI5metrIk]B.不对称的,不平衡的chiral [5kai[r[l] B.手性的nonsuperimposable [5nCn9sjU:p[rIm5p[Uz[bl] B.不能重叠的enantiomer [I5nAntI[Um[] n. 对映异构体,旋光对映异构体 racemate [reI5sI:meIt] n.(外)消旋盐,(外)消旋酒石酸盐 vertical [5v[:tIk[l] B. n.垂直的,直立的,立式的horizontal [9hCrI5z Cntl] B. n.水平的,卧式的,水平线arc [B:k] n. B. vi 弧,电弧,弓形物,拱形,击穿quote [kwoUt] v. n.vi.n. 引用,引证,报价,引用者spiro [5spai[r[] n. 螺(旋)meso [mes[U] B.内消旋，中(间,位)新diastereomer [9dai[5stI[rI[Um[] n. 非对称体consequence [5kCnsIkw[ns] n.结果,影响,结论,重要性lactic（acid） [5lAktIk] B.乳酸chirality [5t FIr[lItI] n.手征,空间的螺旋特性foolproof [5fU:lprU:f]B. n. 极简单的,确保安全的asterisk [5Ast[rIsk] .n.星号( 标 ),星状物,vt.注星号 alanine [5Al[nIn] n. 丙氨酸amino [5A min[U] B.氨基的settle [5setl] v.安排,安放,沉降,固定mark [mB:k] n. vt.记号,标记,商标,标准threonine [5WrI:[nI:n] B. 苏氨酸conformation [k[nfC:5meIF[n] n. 构造,形态,结构，组成 staggered [5stAg[:d] B.交错的,参差的eclipse [I5klIps] n.(无)食,被遮蔽,掩蔽,使失色 torsional [5tC:F[nl] B. 扭转的gauche [g[UF] B.(法)举报的，粗鲁的，不善交际的 equatorial [9ekw[5tC: rI[l] B.赤道的，赤道附近的axial [5AksI[l] B.轴的,轴向的intermediate [Int[(:)5mI:dj[t] B. n.中间的,中间体 experience [9Iks5pI[rI[ns] n. vt. 经验,经历distinctive [dIs5tINktIv] B.区别性的，鉴别性的，有特色的 projection [pr[5dVekF[n] n.投影,投射,设计,预测 sphere [sfI[] n. vt.球,球面,球体,范围,区域 repulsion [rI5pQlF[n] n.拒绝,排斥,斥力dihedral(angle) [dai5hedr[l] B.双面角bulky [5bQlkI] B.松散的体积庞大的Section E--Nucleophiles and electrophilesdeficient [dI5fIF[nt] B .不足的,缺乏的,不完全的 carbocation [9kB:b[5keiF[n] n.碳正离子anion [5Anai[n] n.阴离子protic 质子化aprotic 非质子carboxylate [kB:5bCksI9leIt] n. v.羧化物,羧酸盐 delocalization [dI:loUk[lai5zeIF[n] n.不定域,离域作用allylic [5Al[9lIk] B. 烯丙型(的)cation [5kAtai[n] n.阳离子,正离子formamide [fC:5mAmaId] n.甲酰胺dimethylsulfoxide [dai5meWIl9sQl5fCksaid] n.二甲基亚砜 DMSO accommodate [[5kCm[deIt] 供给，调节,容纳fluorine [5flU(:)[rI:n] n.氟bias [5bai[s] n.B. 偏见，偏向性，位移,斜的proton[5pr[Ut[n] n.质子tolerate [5tCl[reIt] vt.忍受,容忍,容许equilibrium [9I:kwI5lIbrI[m] n.平衡,均衡irreversible [IrI5v[:s[bl] B.不可逆的immediately [I5mI:dj[tlI] B d.立刻,马上,直接地moderate(ly) [5mCd[rIt] B. n.v.中等的，适度的，温和的Section F --Reactions and mechanismssynthetic [sIn5WetIk] B. n.合成的,人造的,综合的 inevitably [In5evIt[blI] B d.不可避免地,必然地category [5kAtIg[rI] n.范畴,种类,部属,类目 temperament [5temp[r[m[nt] n.调和,适中,性情 mechanism [5mek[nIz[m] n.机构,结构,(化)历程,途径 radical [5rAdIk[l] B. n 基的,原子团,基础,基本的 homolytic cleavage [9h[um[5litIk] [5klI:vIdV] 均裂heterolytic cleavage [9het[r[5litIk] [5klI:vIdV] 异裂hydroxide [hai5drCksaid] n. 氢氧化物long-winded B.冗长，能跑长距离而不喘的Section G-Acid-base reactionsmineral [5mIn[r[l] B. n.矿物的,无机的,矿物acetylide [9AsItI5laid] n.(金属的)乙炔化物carbanion [kB:5bAnai[n] n.负碳离子,阴碳离子strength [streNW] n.强度,浓度,力量logarithm [5lCg[rIW[m] n.对数ionization [9ai[nai5zeIF[n] n. 电离(作用)，离子化(作用) inductive [In5dQktIv] B.诱导的，感应的，吸入的，导论的 diminish [dI5mInIF] v.减少,减小,缩减resonance [5rez[n[ns] n.共振,共鸣,中介,反响 phenolate [5fI:n[9leIt] n.苯酚盐electronegativity [I5lektr[Uneg[5tIvItI] n.电负性,阴电性 hydrofluoric [5haidr[UflU(:)5CrIk] B.氟化氢的，氢氟酸的 methylamine [9meWIl[5mI:n] n.甲胺dissociate [dI5s[UFIeIt] vt.使分离,使游离出lithium [5lIWI[m] n.(化)锂bracket [5brAkIt] n.v.托架,支座,括号,尴尬，棘手的 awkward [5C:kw[d] B.笨拙的ethylamine [5eWI:l[mI:n] n.乙胺spread [spred] v. n. B. 伸展，传播，涂复，扩大的 vice versa [5vais5v[:s[] (拉)反过来也是这样,反之亦然 solvation [5sClveIF[n] n. 溶剂化作用fluoride [5flU[raid] n.氟化物negligible [5neglIdV[bl] B.可以忽略的concentration [9kCnsen5treIF[n] n.浓缩,富集,浓度disperse [dIs5p[:s] v.B.分散，清散boron [5bC:rCn] n.硼enolate(anion) [5I:n[leIt] n. 烯醇式阴离子orientation [9C:rIen5teIF[n] n.定向,定位,方位 predominate [prI5dCmIneIt] v.支配,统治,占优势smear [smI[] n. v.涂抹,污点,擦试ease [I:z] n. v. 容易,减轻flank [flANk] n. v.边，侧面,位于…的侧面diketone [dai5kI:t[Un] n.双酮,二酮Section H-Alkenes and alkynespreparation [9prep[5reIF[n] n.准备,制备,制剂elimination [I9lImI5neIF[n] n.消除,消去vicinal [vI5sIn[l] B.邻近的,附近的,邻位的iodide [5ai[daid] n.碘化物restore [rIs5tC:] vt.恢复,复原,修复purification [9pjU[rIfI5keIF[n] n.净化, 提纯,精制 intercept [9Int[(:)5sept] vt.截取,中止,交叉halohydrin [5hAloUhaidrIN] n.卤代醇aqueous [5eIkwI[s] B.水的,水状的,水成的mercuric [m[:5kjU[rIk] B.汞的,二价汞的acetate [5AsIteIt] n.乙酸盐,醋酸盐split [splIt] v. n. B.破开,裂开,分离,裂开的survive [s[5vaiv] v.残存,继续存在,经受住,幸免于repel [rI5pel] v.排斥,拒绝,弹回hyperconjugation [9haip[:kCndVU5geIF[n] n. 超共轭harsh [hB:F] B.粗糙的,生硬的,涩的,严厉的,苛刻的 hydrolysis [hai5drClIsIs] n.水解(作用)sense [sens] n. vt. 感觉,知觉,了解,检测,显示rationalize [5rAF[n[laiz] vt.使合理化vacant [5veIk[nt] B.空的,未被占用的,空缺的inherent [In5hI[r[nt] B. 固有的,内在的alter [5C:lt[] v.改变,变更,修改activation [9AktI5veIF[n] n. 活性,激活,活化作用ozone [5[Uz[Un] n. 臭氧ozonolysis [9[Uz[U5nClIsIs] n. 臭氧分解cleave [klI:v] v. 劈开,分裂alkaline [5Alk[lain] B.n. 碱性的,含碱的,碱性permanganate [p[:5mANg[nIt] n. 高锰酸盐glycol [5glaikCl] n.乙二醇,二元醇的类名osmium [5CzmI[m] n. 锇 Osperoxyacid [p[9rCksI5AsId] n. 过氧酸epoxide [e5pCksaid] n.环氧化物palladium [p[5leidI[m] n.钯,Pdnickel [5nIkl] n. vt.镍,Ni,镀镍platinum [5plAtIn[m] n.铂白金,Ptozonide [5[Uz[naid] n. 臭氧化物rearrange [5rI:[5reIndV] v. 重排,重新布置(in)contrast [5kCntrAst] n.对照,对比,差异,(与…对比) complementary [9kCmplI5ment[rI] B.补充的，补足的，互补的eventual [I5ventjU[l] B.最后的,万一的retention [rI5tenF[n] n. 保存,保留,保持力,记忆力vinylic [5vInIlIk] B.乙烯基的tautomerism [tC:5tCm[rIzm] n. 互变(异构)现象geminal [5dVemIn[l] B.成对的，孪位的poison [5pCIzn] n. B. v.毒物,有毒的,中毒,沾污calcium [5kAlsI[m] n. 钙 Caquinoline [5kwIn[9lI:n] n. 喹啉,氮(杂) 苯，喹啉衍生物diene [5daii:n] n. 二烯系Section I-Aromatic chemistryaromaticity [9Ar[m[5tIsItI] n. 芳香性(度)polyene [5pClII:n] n.多烯,聚烯obey [[5beI] v.服从,遵守,完成,执行signify [5sIgnIfai] v.表示,意味,预示naphthalene [5nAfW[lI:n] n. 萘anthracene [5AnWr[sI:n] n. 蒽，并三苯pyrene [5pai[rI:n] n. 芘，嵌二苯hydride(shift) [5haidraid] n. 氢化物scratch [skrAtF] vt. vi. B.抓破，擦刮，碰巧的，凑合的 petroleum [pI5tr[Ulj[m] n.石油edge [edV] n.v. 刀刃,边缘,嵌入,使锋利sandwich [5sAn(d)wIdV] n. B. vt.夹层,层状的,夹入nitration [nai5treIF[n] n. 硝化作用,硝代iron [5air[n] n. B.v 铁,铁器,烫手,铁制的neutralize [5njU:tr[laiz] vt. 使中和,抵消resemble [rI5zembl] vt.相似,类似halogenation [9hAl[dV[5neIF[n] n.卤化(作用)chlorinate [5klC:rI9neIt] vt.氯化,使与氯化合,氯化物 [5klC:rInIt] n. acylation [AsI5leIF[n] n. 酰化作用fragment [5frAgm[nt] n. 碎片,断片,摘录acylium cation 酰基阳离子counterion [5kaUnt[9rai[n] n. 平衡离子retro(synthesis) [5retr[] v.(向)后,回(复),(例)退,追溯 diazonium [9dai[5z[UnI[m] n.重氮(化)outweigh [aUt5weI] vt. 在价值上超过,超重quantity [5kwCntItI] n. 数量,分量,数目,许多profile [5pr[Ufail] n. vt.轮廓,外形,侧面图endothermic [9end[U5W[:mIk] B. 吸热的statistic [st[5tIstIk] B.统计学的pronounce [pr[5naUns] vt.vi.宣布,宣称,表态,发音trickle [5trIkl] n.v. 滴流,细流,滴下,淋下removable [rI5mU:v[bl] B.可移的，可更换的，可除去的 admitted(ly) [[d5mItId] B.公认的，被承认的，明白的 toluidine [tC5lU:IdI:n] n.甲苯胺conceive [k[n5sI:v] v.设想,想像,想到deliberately [dI5lIb[rItlI] Bd.审慎地,蓄意地resistant [rI5zIst[nt] n. 防腐剂,B.抵抗的，反对的，耐久的 vigorous [5vIg[r[s] B.(强)有力的，使劲的，活泼的 rhodium [5roUdI[m] n. (化)铑,Rh.dichromate [dai5kroUmIt] n.重铬酸盐surprising(ly) [s[5praizIN] B.惊人的，意外的susceptible [s[5sept[bl] B.灵敏的，敏感的Section J-Aldehydes and ketonesorgano（cuprate） [9C:g[n[u] B.有机(铜酸盐)aliphatic [9AlI5fAtIk] B. 脂肪族的cyanide [5sai[naid] n. 氰化物imine [5ImI:n] n. 亚胺enamine [I5nAmIn] n. 烯胺,对胺acetal [5AsItAl] n. 乙缩醛,醛缩醇类ketal [5ki:tAl] n. 酮缩醇,缩酮primary [5praim[rI] B.n.最初的,原来的，伯的,基本粒子 bisulfite [bai5sQlfait] n. 亚硫酸氢盐aldol [5AldC:l] n. 醛醇,3-羟基丁醛cyanohydrin [9sai[n[U5haidrIn] n. 氰醇immiscible [I5mIs[bl] B.不互溶的propanal [5pr[Up[9nAl] n.丙醛propanone [5pr[Up[n[Un] n. 丙酮accessible [Ak5ses[bl] B.容易接近的，可以理解的 crystalline [5krIst[lain] n. B.结晶质，结晶体，结晶的 oxime [5CksI:m] n.肟semicarbazone [5semI5kB:b[z[Un] n. 缩氨基脲,半卡巴腙 hydrazone [5haidr[9z[Un] n.腙departure [dI5pB:tF[] n. 偏离,偏差,出发semicarbazide [5semI5kB:b[zaid] n. 氨基脲spectroscopically Bd.利用光谱方法，利用分光设备oxonium [Ck5s[Uni[m] B. 钅羊capture [5kAptF[] n. vt. 俘获,收集,记录disguise [dIs5gaiz] vt.n. 假(伪)装,掩饰,托辞,口实 succession [s[k5seF[n] n. 接续,继续,系列dimerization [9daim[rai5zeIF[n] n.二聚(作用)prone [pr[Un] B.有倾向的，易于的，倾斜的iodoform [ai5CdafC:m] n. 碘仿,三碘甲烷precipitate [prI5sIpIteIt] v.n.(使)沉淀,凝结,沉淀物hydrazine [5haidr[9zI:n] n.肼,联氨spontaneous [spCn5teini[s] B.自发的，本能的，自动的 decompose [dI:k[m5p[Uz] v.分解,离解charcoal [5tFB:k[Ul] n.木炭，活性炭impact [Im5pAkt] vt. n 碰撞,冲击,影响,效果Section K-Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivativesionize [5ai[naiz] v. (使)电离,离子化methoxide [me5WCk9said] n. 甲醇盐,甲氧基金属preference [5pref[r[ns] n.选择，喜欢，优先depart [d I5pB:t] v.脱离,离开,出发feasible [5fI:z[bl] B.可行的，合理的，有用的，适宜的 insignificant [InsIg5nIfIk[nt] B.无意义的，无价值的，无用的prior [5prai[] B. Bd.先前的,优先的,在先malonate [m[5lCneIt] n. 丙二酸盐(酯)fierce [fI[s] B. 剧烈的，突然的，可怕的，高度的 phosphorus [5fCsf[r[s] n. 磷P ,磷光体oxalyl [5Cks[lIl] n.草酰,乙二酰thionyl [5Wai[nIl] n. 亚硫酰succinic [s[k5sInIk] B.琥珀的pyridine [5pIrIdI(:)n] n. 吡啶,氮(杂)苯hazardous [5hAz[d[s] B.危险的diazomethane [dai9Az[U5meWeIn] n. 重氮甲烷transesterification n. 酯交换,酯基转移(作用) destruction [dIs5trQkF[n] n.破坏,毁灭mop [mCp] n. vt.拖把,擦,揩,扫除 mop up 擦去 byproduct [5bai-prCd[kt] n. 副产品,副产物saponification [s[9pCnIfI5keIF[n] n. 皂化(作用)protonate [5pr[Ut[9neIt] vt.加质子于diisobutylaluminum DIBA(C) [dai9ais[5bjUtIl][9AljU5mInj[m] n. 二异丁基(氯化)铝 borane [5bC:reIn] n. 甲硼烷,硼烷,硼氢化合物ketoester [9kI:t[U5est[] n. 酮酸酯unaltered [Qn5C:lt[d] B.未改变的，不变的，照旧的 quantitative(ly) [5kwCntIt[tIv] B. 定量的,量的superior [sjU(:)5pI[rI[] B.n 高级的，优越的，上级advisable [[d5vaiz[bl] B.适当的，合理的，可行的Section L-Alkyl halidessubstantial [s[b5stAnF[l] B. n. 物质的，实质的，大体上的invert [5Inv[:t] B. n. 转化(的)，相反(的)[In5v[:t] vt. 倒转,反向,转化rear [rI[] n. B. v 后部，背面，后面的，培养，建立 unimolecular [jU:nIm[U5lekjUl[] B.单分子的racemization [9rAsImI5zeIF[n] n.外消旋(作用)squeeze [skwI:z] vt. vi. n. 榨,挤,压,压力,紧紧握手relieve [rI5lI:v] v.减轻,解除,分离,释放susceptible [s[5sept[bl] B.灵敏的，敏感的，容许的 antiperiplanar(conformation) 反叠反迫(构象)virtually [5v[:tjU[lI] Bd. 实质上，实际上exclusive [Iks5klU:sIv] B.n 排外的，未有的，高等的，专利的azide [5eIzaid] n.叠氮化物Section M-Alcohols,phenols and thiolstolerate [5tCl[reIt] vt.忍受,容忍,容许moderate [5mCd[rIt] B.温和的，适度的miscible [5mIsIbl] B.可互溶性mesyl(ate) methylsulfonyl [5mesIl] n. 甲磺酰基tosyl(ate) tolysulfonyl [5tCsIl] n.甲苯磺酰基chromate [5kr[UmIt] n.铬酸盐bicarbonate [bai5kB:b[nIt] n. 碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐minor [5main[] B.n.较小的，次要的eject [I5dVekt] v.放射,喷射,射出oxychloride [5CksI5klC:raid] n. 氧氯化物volatile [5vCl[tail] B.n .挥发性的，易挥发的sulfide [5sQlfaid] n. 硫化物,硫醚thiourea [9Wai[UjU5rI[] n. 硫脲polarizable [5p[Ul[raiz[bl] B.可极化的notorious [n[U5tC:rI[s] B.臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的 disagreeable [9dIs[5grI[bl] B.n.讨厌的，麻烦事，不合意的aroma [[5r[Um[] n. 芳香,香味，风味diffuse [dI5fjU:s] B. 扩散的,漫射的[dI5fjU:z] v.扩散,发散Section N-Ethers,epoxides and thioetherstrifluoroacetate [traiflU[r[5AsIteIt] n. 三氟乙酸酯perbenzoic(acid) [p[9ben5z[UIk] n. 过苯甲酸ylide(ylid) [5ilid] n. 叶立德,内钅翁盐oxirane [5CksIreIn] n. 环氧乙烷peroxide [p[5rCksaid] n. 过氧化物tether [5teT[] n. vt. 系链,拴,束缚,限制Section O-Amines and nitrilesphthalimide [5WAlImaid] n.邻苯二甲酰亚胺isocyanate [9ais[U5sai[neit] n.异氰酸盐(或酯)basify [5beIsIfai] vt. 使碱化offensive [[5fensIv] B. n. 冒犯的，讨厌的，令人作呕的，进攻 extract [Iks5trAkt] vt. n 抽提,萃取,摘录,开方 sulfonamide [sQl5fCn[9maid] n. 碘酰胺,磺胺药diazonium [9dai[5z[UnI[m] n. 重氮(化)exhaustive [Ig5zC:stIv] B.会耗尽的，使耗尽的，彻底的nitrous [5naitr[s] B.亚硝(酸)的diazotization [9dai[zCtI5zeIF[n] n. 重氮化(作用) diazohydroxide [9dai[z[U9hai5drCksaid] n.重氮氢氧化物(含-N=NOH) azo [5Az[U] B.偶氮(的)。
常见有机化学词汇
常见有机化学词汇Angularmethylgroup角甲基Alkylidenegroup亚烷基Allylgroup烯丙基Allylic烯丙型Arylgroup芳基Activatinggroup活化基团Auxochrome助色团Acylcation酰基正离子Arenirmion芳基正离子Aciform酸式Asymmetricatom不对称原子Asymmetriccarbon不对称碳Absoluteconfiguration绝对构型Achiral非手性的Aromaticity芳香Antiaromaticity反芳香性Alternanthydrocarbon交替烃Acid-basecatalyxedreaction酸性溶剂Acid-basecatalyzedreaction酸碱催化反应Arylaction芳正离子Alkylation烷基化Arylation芳基化Acylation酰化Amination氨基化Acyloxyation酰氧基化Allylichalogenation烯丙型卤化Alcoholysis醇解Aminomethylation氨甲基化Aldolcondensation羟醛缩合Aliphaticcompound脂肪族化合物Alkane烷Alkene烯Alkyen炔Acetylide炔化物Activehydrogencompounds活泼氢化合物Allene丙二烯Alkylhalide卤代烷Alcohol醇Amine胺Amineoxide氧化胺Aldehyde醛Aldehydehydrate醛水合物Acetal缩醛Aminal缩醛胺Acylhalide酰卤Acylfluoride酰氟Acylchloride酰氯Acylrtomide酰溴Acyliodide酰碘Bibenzyl烷基苯Biphenyl联芳Biphenyl联苯Chirality手性Chiral手性的Chiralcenter手性中心Chiralmolecule手性分子Diene双烯Diyne二炔Diazoalkane重氮烷Detone酮Esterification酯化Ethanolysis乙醇解Enolization烯醇化Epoxidation环氧化Enyne烯炔Ether醚Epoxide环氧化物Enol烯醇Enolether烯醇醚Enolester烯醇酯Ester酯无机化学常用词汇1.化学原理·chemical principles2.气体，液体和溶液的性质·the behaviors of gas ,liquid and solution 3理想气体定律·ideal gas law4.道尔顿分压定律·Dalton’s Law of Partial pressures5.液体的蒸汽压·vapor pressure of liquid6.液体的凝固点·freezing point of liquid7. 体系和环境·system and surrounding8. 状态和状态函数·states and state functions9. 化学热力学基础·the basis of chemical thermodynamics10. 化学平衡·chemical equilibrium11. 体系与状态·system and state12. 热力学定理·law of thermodynamics13 热化学·thermochemistry14.焓·enthalpy15. 混乱度·disorder16. 熵·entropy17. 吉布斯自由能·Gibbs free energy18.化学平衡·chemical equilibrium19. 标准平衡常数·standard equilibrium constant20. 同离子效应·the common ion effect21缓冲溶液·buffered solution22. 酸碱理论与电离平衡·the theories of acids &bases and ionization equilibrium23. 盐的水解·the hydrolysis of salts24.沉淀反应·the precipitation reactions25.溶度积·solubility product26.分步沉淀·stepwise precipitation27.盐效应·salt effect28. 氧化还原反应·oxidation and reduction reactions29. 还原剂·reducing agent or reducer or reductant30. 氧化剂·oxidazing agent or oxidizer or oxidant31. 原电池·galvanic cell32. 负极，正极·negative pole, positive pole33.阳极，阴极·anode ,cathode34. 燃料电池·fuel cell35. 电化学·electrochemistry36.电极电势·electrode potential37. 歧化反应·disproportionation reaction38. 化学动力学基础·the basis of chemical dynamics39. 化学反应速率·the rate of chemical reaction。
有机化学术语(中英文对照)
1.有机化合物的官能团和重要的基团官能团 functional group双键 double bond三键 triple bond烃基 hydroxyl group琉基 mercapto硫轻基 sulfhydryl group羰基 carbonyl group氨基 amino group亚氨基 imino group硝基 nitro group亚硝基 nitroso group氰基 cyano group羧基 carboxyl group磺基 sulpho group烷基 alkyl group苯基 phenyl group卡基 benzyl group芳基 aryl group烯基 allyl group烷氧基 alkoxyl group酰基 acyl group活性亚甲基 active methylene group2.有机化合物的类型烃 hydrocarbon石蜡 paraffin脂肪烃 aliphatic hydrocarbon烷烃 alkane烯烃 alkene炔烃 alkyne共扼二烯烃 conjugated diene脂环烃 alicyclic hydrocarbon螺环化合物 spiro compound桥环化合物 bridged ring compound芳烃 aromatic hydrocarbon非苯芳烃 nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon 稠环芳烃 condensed aromatics卤代烃 halohydrocarbon醇 alcohol酚 phenol醚 ether环氧化合物 epoxide冠醚 crown ether硫醇 thiol硫酚 thiophenol硫醚 sulfide二硫化物 disulfide亚磺酸 sulfinic acid磺酸 sulfonic acid亚砜 sulfoxide砜 sulfone醛 aldehyde酮 ketone半缩醛 hemiacetaI半缩酮 hemiketal缩醛 acetal缩酮 ketal西佛碱 shiff's base肟 oxime腙 hydrozone缩氨脲 semicarbazoneα,β-不饱和酮α,β--unsaturated ketone 醌 quinone羧酸 carboxylic acid酰卤 acid halide酸酐 acid anhydride酯 ester酰胺 amide內酯 lactone内酰胺 lactam月青 nitrile取代酸 substituted acid羟基酸 hydroxy acid醇酸 alcoholic acid酚酸 phenolic acid酮酸 keto acidB-酮酸酯 B-ketone ester乙酰乙酸乙醋 ethyl acetoacetate亚硝基化合物 nitroso compound硝基化合物 njtro compound亚胺 imine胺 amine伯胺 primary amine仲胺 secondary amine叔胺 tertiary amine季铵盐 quaternary ammonium salt季铵碱 quaternary ammonium hydroxide 重氮盐 diazonium salt偶氮化合物 azo compound胍 guanidine氨基酸 amino acid磷 phosphine磷酸酯 phosphate亚磷酸酯 phosphite膦酸酯 phosphonate膦酸 phosphonic acid3.杂环化合物吡咯 pyrrol呋喃 furane噻吩 thiophone吲哚 indole卟吩 porphine咪唑 imidazole噻唑 thioazole吡啶 pyridine喹啉 quinoline异喹啉 isoquinoline吡喃鎓盐 pyrylium salts 黄酮 flavone嘧啶 pirimidine嘌呤 purine4.有机天然产物肽 peptide多肽 polypeptide核酸 nucleic acid核苷 nucleoside核苷酸 nucleotide生物碱 alkaloid碳水化合物 carbohydrate单糖 monosaccharide醛糖 aldoses酮糖 ketosesD-核糖 ribose D-2-脱氧核糖 deoxyribose 葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose糖脎 osazone糖苷 glucoside低聚糖 oligosaccharide 麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose纤维二糖 cellobiose环糊精 cyclodextrin多糖 polysaccharide淀粉 starch纤维素 cellulose类脂 lipid萜类化合物 terpenoid甾族化合物 steroid脂肪 fat油 oil脂肪酸 fatty acid甘油三羧酸酯 triglyceride磷脂 phospholipid磷脂酸 phosphalidic acid蜡 wax5.有机化合物的结构理论价键理论 valence-bond theory分子轨道理论 molecular orbital theory 共振论 resonance theory凯库勒式 Kekule formula路易斯式 Lewis formulaσ键σ bondπ键π bond键能 bond energy键角 bond angle键长 bond Iength成键轨道 bonding orbital反键轨道 antibonding orbital最高已占轨道 HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital最低末占轨道 LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital诱导效应 inductive effect共轭效应 conjugated effectπ,π-共轭π,π- conjugationp,π-共轭p,π- conjugation超共轭作用 hyperconjugation离域能 delocalization energy共振能 resonance energy给电子基团 electron donating group吸电子基团 electron withdrawing group芳性 aromaticity休克尔规律 Huckel's rule两性离子 Zwitterion6.有机化学中的同分异构异构体 isomer构造 constitution构型 configuration构象 conformation构造异构 constitutional isomerism 立体异构 stereo isomerism 构型异构 configurational isomerism 顺反异构 cis-trans isomerism 次序规则 sequence ruIe同侧 Zugammen Z异侧 Entgegen E顺式 cis反式 trans对映异构 enantiomerism = 光学异构旋光异构 optical isomerism旋光性 optical activity旋光度 optical rotation比旋光度 specific rotation对称面 plane of symmetry对称中心 center of symmetry对称轴 axis of symmetry手性 chirality手性分子 chiral molecules对映异构体，对映体 enantiomer非对映体 diastereomer外消旋体 raceme左旋体 leveisomer右旋体 dextroisomer内消旋体 mesomer费歇尔投影式 Fischer projection相对构型 relative configuration绝对构型 absolute configurationR -构型 R -configurationS -构型 S -configuration赤式 erythro苏式 threo外消旋化 racemization拆分 resolution光学纯度 Optical Purity对映体过量百分数 enantiomeric excess立体专一性反应 stereospecific reaction 立体选择性反应 stereoselective reaction 不对称合成 asymmetric synthesis构象异构 conformational isomerism构象分析 conformational analysis锯架式 perspective formula 纽曼投影式 Newman projection formula 椅式 chair form船式 boat form直立键 a键 axial bond平伏键 e键 equatorial bond互变异构 tautomerism酮式 keto-form烯醇式 enol-form差向异构化 epimerization变旋现象 mutamerism哈武斯式 Haworth form7.有机反应的名称取代反应 substitution reaction加成反应 addition reaction马尔科夫尼可夫规律 Markovnikov rule共轭加成 conjugate addition消去反应 elemination reaction查依采夫规律 Saytzeff rule霍夫曼规律 Hofmann rule硼氢化反应 hydroboration催化加氢 catalytic hydrogenation聚合反应 polymerization单体 monomer聚合物 polymer硝化反应 nitration卤化反应 halogenation磺化反应 sulfonation烷基化反应 alkylation酰基化反应 acylation酯化反应 esterification酯交换反应 transesterification脱羧反应 decarboxylation氯甲基化反应 chloromethylation傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应 Friedel-Crafts reaction 格利雅反应 Grignard reaction格利雅试剂 (格氏试剂) Grignard reagent赖默-梯曼反应 Reimer-Tiemann reaction卤仿反应 haloform reaction水解反应 hydrolysis reaction醇解反应 alcoholysis reaction氨解反应 ammonolysisi reaction皂化 saponification插烯作用 vinylogy缩合 condensation克莱森缩合 Claisen condensation安息香缩合 benzoin condensation羟醛缩合 aldol condensation列弗尔马茨基反应 Reformatsky reaction迈克尔反应 Michael reaction诺文格尔反应 Knoevenagel reaction加布里反应 Gabriel reaction乙酰乙酸乙酯合成法 acetoacetic ester synthesis 丙二酸酯合成法 malonic ester synthesis 威廉逊合成法 William Son synthesis 海森堡试验 Hinsberg test重氮化反应 diazotization reaction偶联反应 coupling reaction脱氨基反应 deamination reaction维悌希反应 Wittig reaction氧化反应 oxidation reaction还原反应 reduction reaction周环反应 pericyclic reaction环加成反应 cycloaddition reaction电环化反应 electrocyclic reaction坎尼扎罗反应 Cannizzaro reaction齐齐巴宾反应 Chichibabin reaction狄尔斯-阿德尔反应 Diels-alder reaction斐林试剂 Fehling reagent托伦试剂 Tollens reagent沃克还原 Wolff-Kishner reduction罗森蒙德还原 Rosenmund reduction克莱门森还原 Clemmenson reduction考普重排 Cope rearrangement霍夫曼重排 Hofmann rearrangement嚬哪醇重排 pinacol rearrangement弗里茨重排 Fries rearrangement克莱森重排 Claisen rearrangement二烯体 diene亲二烯体 dienophile分子轨道对称守恒原理 conversation of orbital symmetry8.有机反应机理均裂 homolytic异裂 heterolytic活性中间体 active intermediate碳正离子 carbocation碳负离子 carbanion烯醇负离子 enolate anion自由基，游离基 free radical卡宾，碳烯 carbene氮烯 nitrene速度决定步骤 rate-determining step哈蒙特假定 Hammond postulate能线图 energy profile过渡状态 transition state邻基参及 neighboring group participation动力学控制 kinetic control热力学控制 thermodynamic control离去基团 leaving group底物 substrate亲电试剂 electrofphile亲核试剂 nucleophile亲电加成反应 electrophilic addition亲电取代反应 electrophilic substitution定位规律 orientation rule亲核取代反应 nucleophilic substitutionSN2 反应机理 SN2 reaction mechanism SN1 反应机理 SN1 reaction mechanism 瓦尔登转化 Walden inversion亲核加成反应 nucleophilic addition 亲核加成-消去反应 nucleophilicaddition-elimination reaction消去反应机理 elimination reaction mechanismE1 反应机理 E1 reaction mechanism E2 反应机理 E2 reaction mechanism 反式消去 anti elimination重排反应机理 rearrangement reaction mechanism自由基反应 free radical reaction链引发 chain initation链增长 chain propagation链终止 chain termination9.有机化合物的光谱红外光谱 IR Infrared spectra傅立叶变换 Fourier Transform指纹区 finger print region吸收频率 absorption frequency紫外光谱 UV Ultraviolet spectra电子跃迁 elctronic transition吸光度 absorbance摩尔消光系数 molar extinction coefficient发色团 chromophore助色团 auxochrome核磁共振 NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 1HNMR 谱 1HNMR spectra13CNMR 谱 13CNMR spectra屏蔽效应 shielding effect化学位移 chemical shift自旋偶合 spin-spin coupling自旋裂分 spin-spin splitting偶合常数 coupling constant质子去偶 proton spin decoupling 质子偏共振去偶 proton off-resonance decoupling 质谱 Mass Spectra(MS)电子流轰击 election impact (EI)快原子轰击 fast atom bombarment (FAB)分子离子峰 molecular ion peak同位素峰 isotopic peak基峰 base peak质荷比(m/z) mass-to-charge ratio10.分子间作用力氢键 hydrogen bond色散力 dispersion force 范德华力 Van Der Waals force 偶极-偶极作用力 dipole-dipole interraction force 11.物理性质熔点 melting point沸点 boiling point密度 density溶解度 solubility偶极矩 dipole moment12.有机化合物的酸碱性酸性 acidity碱性 basicity<HTML>本站材料仅为本院教师及学生教学所用，请勿它用！</HTML>。
有机化学专业词汇
Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile['leibail]【不稳定的】（累白了）Azeotropic[әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】（一个零就热供沸）Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Ana logous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】（相同话的人）Pri mary ['praimәri]【伯-】最前Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogen o lysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】peri cyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】（围绕）transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homo lysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】（同）hetero lysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】（杂，异）homo geneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】hetero geneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Ste ric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】（死呆）Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】（力婆非礼亲子）chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】（开弱-手不好）electro phile [i`lektrәfai l] 【亲电试剂】nucleo philic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydro lysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acido lysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】di lute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】（洗两次）de hydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilat ion [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】lat-吹saponi fication [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】sapo=soapemulsi fication [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】姨妈是如花reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】add uct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dis solve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】开，分散de grad ation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】吓死race mic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】弱市米小，酸substit uent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】con juga tion [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】连接在一起，共轭equi valent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】vola tile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】找着钛会发suscept ible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】想法不坚定in large scale【大量】prote ase ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】不如踢死担百媚side chain【侧链】Im puritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare[tєә]【去皮】太恶去皮Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】湿润着注射器Con cent rate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】一个哭儿跟水似的Method ology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Pre cur sor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】走Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Re crystal lization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystal line ['kristәlain]【晶体】Di still ation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】（强调-保持（温度）Sublim ation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】低-极限Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infra red ['infrә'red]【红外】ultra violet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】iso tope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】（不同类型）iso mer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Trans formation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poison ed ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】流出Thin-layer-chromato graphy [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】可柔摸偷-色Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Prot ic ['prәutik]【质子的】Apro tic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】De compose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Re duce d [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vac uum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】E limination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】（限制出）Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】（来真的，不要配体）Stop per ['stɔpә]【塞子】（阻止外物进入）Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】发闹-露头（警察）column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser[kәn'densә]【冷凝管】（气体-液体，浓缩）Cham ber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】cham-小室Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】呼呼的Rotavapor[ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evapor ation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】off，气体vac uum hose [hәuz]【真空管】吼诗-管sili con ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】失利肯跪sink [siŋk]【水槽】深刻-水槽中下降neutral ize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glove box [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】失败丢了刮刀misci ble ['misibl]【混溶的】迷死薄毁容Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】破阵-鼓气Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】太脆-一滴定Tritu ration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】锤丢不能研磨Dessi cator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】逮湿给他自己Hygroscopic[ˏhaigrәu's kɔpik] 【吸湿的】水+进自己的范围Lachrymator['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】来客追模特用催泪弹DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichio metric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】石洞跟偶滑雪Volum etric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】一客离谱失色Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】埃克斯直立Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】构思-笨-像Thermodynamic['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】舍帽逮奶热Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】开奶-动力Enantio selective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】爱奶提鹅腿硬Diastereo topic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regio selective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】遇贼区域Stereo selectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitro sation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tauto mer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】湖边逃特魔Con firm ation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equi librium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyro lysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】派鹅肉-热ozono lysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】藕肉臭conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学词汇
氨基酸alanine 英['ælə,ni:n]美['ælə,nin]n.丙胺酸glycine 英['ɡlaisi:n]美['ɡlaɪ,sin, -sɪn]n.糖胶,氨基乙酸valine 英['væli:n]美['væl,in, 've,lin]n.缬氨酸leucine 英['lu:,si:n]美['lu,sin]n.<生化>白氨酸,亮氨酸isoleucine 英[,aisəu'lu:si:n] 美[,aɪsə'lu,sin]n.异亮氨酸proline 英['prəuli:n]美['pro,lin]n.脯氨酸tryptophan 英['trɪptə,fæn]美['trɪptə,fæn]n.<生化>色氨酸(脊椎动物日常食物中一种主要的氨基酸)histidine 英['histidi:n] 美['hɪstɪ,din, -dɪn]n.组氨酸,组织氨基酸phenylalanine 英[,fenəl'æləni:n]美[,fɛnəl'ælə,nin, ,finəl-]n.苯基丙氨酸tyrosine 英['taɪərə,si:n]美['taɪrə,sin]n.<化>酪氨酸(存在于许多蛋白质中的亲水氨基酸,对某些激素的合成很关键)methionine [me'θaiəni:n]n.蛋氨酸,甲硫氨酸cystine 英['sisti:n] 美['sɪs,tin]n.胱氨酸,双硫丙氨酸cysteine 英['sistin]美['sɪstə,in, -ɪn, -ti-]n.半胱氨酸,巯基丙氨酸threonine 英['θri:əni:n]美['θriə,nin, -nɪn]n.苏氨酸serine 英['seri:n] 美['sɛr,in]n.丝氨酸lysine 英['laisi:n]美['laɪ,sin, -sɪn]n.赖氨酸ornithine 英['ɔ:niθi:n]美['ɔrnə,θin]n.鸟氨酸arginine 英['ɑ:dʒini(:)n]美['ɑrdʒə,nin]n.精氨酸嘌呤adenine 英['ædəni:n]美['ædn,in, -ɪn]n.腺嘌呤guanine 英['ɡwɑ:ni:n]美['ɡwɑ,nin]n.鸟嘌呤(核酸的基本成分)cytosine 英['saitəsi:n]美['saɪtə,sin]n.胞核嘧啶,氧氨嘧啶uracil 英['juərəsil]美['jʊrəsɪl]n.尿嘧啶thymine 英['θaimi:n]美['θaɪ,min]n.胸腺嘧啶purine 英['pjuəri:n]美['pjʊr,in]n.嘌呤,咖啡碱pyrimidine 英[,paiə'rimidi:n] 美[paɪ'rɪmɪ,din, pɪ-]n.嘧啶SDS-PAGE [sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis]十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳PAGE 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳Page n.[英格兰人姓氏] 佩奇。
有机化学专业名词
化合物名称Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn]【氧】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn]【氮】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】Urea['juәriә]【尿素】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Amidine['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ester['estә]【脂】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】Proton ['p rәutɔn]【质子】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】lithium ['liθiәm]【锂】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm]【铝】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisәrin]【甘油，丙三醇】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】acetic [ә'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid]【乙酸酐】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】potassium[pә'tæsiәm]hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】fluorination[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chlorinati on[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】bromine['brәumi:n]【溴】bromination ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】linear['liniә]【直链的】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'leiʃәn【氯甲基化】nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】chlorosulfonation [ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【氯磺化】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n]【酰化作用】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】phosphorus['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorous['fɔsfәrәs]tribromide[trai'brәumai d]【三溴化磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】acid chloride【酰氯】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Methoxyl[me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Ethanol['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazone [`hai drәˏzәun]【腙】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Epoxide[e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Acetylene[ә'setili:n]【乙炔】Oxalic acid[ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Alkaline['ælkәlain]【碱】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】Isothiocynate[aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Carbamate['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait]【次氯酸盐】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】C ocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】O ligosaccharide[ˏɔligәu'sækәraid]【寡糖】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'keiʃәn]【超声作用】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik]acid【巴比妥酸】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】Transesterification [trænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯交换】Intramolecular [ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】Intermolecular [ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit]【原甲酸脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Zinc[ziŋk]【锌】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Dipole['daipәul]【偶极】Electron rich【富电子】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt【重氮盐】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】phenyl ['fenәl]【苯基】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】anthranilic[ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】benzyl['benzil] 【苄基】toluene ['tɔljui:n]【甲苯】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】cuprous ['kju:prәs]cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Brine[brain]【盐水】Triphenylphosphine[traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Phenol['fi:nәl]【苯酚】Irradiation[iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Radical['rædikәl]initiator [i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】Decarboxylation[ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】Triphosgene【三光气】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】cadmium ['kædmiәm]oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Nickel['nikl] 镍Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Carbonyl['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic[ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik]【羧基的】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tælik]【有机金属的】quinoxaline[kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】quinoline['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】isoquinoline【异喹啉】indole[' indәul]【吲哚】indazole['indәzәul]【吲唑】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】pyridine['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrrole['piәrәul]【吡咯】pyrolidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】piperidine[pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】piperazine[pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】一般专业词汇Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist]【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous[hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】het erolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography[ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion)water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lekt iv] 【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ]【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
补充高频有机化学词汇-无重复,带音标,字母排序
精编高频有机化学词汇-无重复，带音标，字母排序Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid] 【乙酸酐】Acetone ['æsitəun]【丙酮】acetonitrile [ə,siːtə(ʊ)'naɪtraɪl; ,æsɪtəʊ-] 【乙腈】Acetylene [ə'setili:n]【乙炔】acid chloride【酰氯】acidify [ə'sidifai]【酸化】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】acrylic [ə'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ə)n] 【酰化作用】Addition [ə'diʃən]【添加、加成】adduct [ə'dʌkt]【加合物】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】aliphatic carboxylic acid 【脂肪族羧酸】Alkaline ['ælkəlain]【碱】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ə)n]【烷基化】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjəm] 【铝】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】amine[ə`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æməunjə]【氨（水）】Analogous [ə'næləgəs]【类似物】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】Anisole ['æniˏsəul]【苯甲醚】Anomeric ['ænəˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】anthranilic [ænθ'rənilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aprotic[ə'prəutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiəs]【水相（的）】aromatic carboxylic acid 【芳香羧酸】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiəl]【直立（键）的】Azeotropic [əˏzi:ə'trɔpik]【共沸的】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane [ˏæzəu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】benzoic [ben'zəuik] acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl ['benzəuil] peroxide [pə'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】borane ['bəurein] 【硼烷】Brine [brain]【盐水】bromination ['brəumineiʃən]【溴代】bromine['brəumi:n]【溴】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】cadmium ['kædmiəm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiəm] chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate ['kɑ:bəmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Carbanion ['kɑ:bənaiən]【碳负离子】carbazole ['kɑ:bəzəul]【咔唑】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bə'keiʃən]【碳正离子】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bənil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bəu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】catalysis [kə'tælɪsɪs] n.【催化（作用）】catalyst ['kætəlɪst] n.【催化剂】Catalytical [kætə`litikəl] adj.【催化的】cesium ['sizɪəm] carbonate【碳酸铯】Chamber ['tʃeimbə]【（薄层用）展缸】chemical shift 【化学位移】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairəl] 【手性的】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃən]【氯代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rəfɔ:m]【氯仿】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rə'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylation[klɔ:rəˏmeθi'leiʃən【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation [ˏkləurəˏsʌlfə'neiʃən]【氯磺化】Cleavage【分离，脱除】Cocaine[kə'kein]【可卡因】column chromatography【柱层析】Component [kəm'pəunənt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuərik] acid【浓硫酸】Condenser [kən'densə]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃən] 【构型】conjugate ['kɑndʒəɡet] addition【共轭加成】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃən]【偶和】conversion [kən'və:ʃən] ratio ['reiʃiəu] 【转化率】copper cyanide ['saɪə,naɪd] 【氰化亚铜】coupling constant 【偶合常数】Crystalline ['kristəlain]【晶体】cuprous ['kju:prəs] cyanide['saiənaid]【氰化亚铜】cycloaddition [,saikləuə'diʃən] 【环加成】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksə'leiʃən]【脱羧】Decompose [ˏdi:kəm'pəuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrə'deiʃən]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit]【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivətiv]【衍生物】Dessicator ['desikeitə:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】diastereomer ['daiə,steriəu'aisəmə, ,daiə'steriəumə] 【非对映异构体】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiəstiəriə'tɔpik] 【非对映的】diazo compound 【重氮化合物】diazonium [ˏdaiə'zəuniəm]salt【重氮盐】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rə'meθein]【二氯甲烷】Diethyl [daɪ'ɛθəl] ether 【乙醚】dilation [dai'leiʃən]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Dipole['daipəul]【偶极】displacement [dis'pleismənt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃən]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】electronegativity [ɪ'lektrəʊ,neɡə'tɪvətɪ] 【电负性】electrophile [i`lektrəfail] 【亲电试剂】electrophilic [i,lektrəu'filik] substitution 【亲电取代】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃən]【消除】Eluent ['eljuənt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃən] 【乳化】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Enantiomer [ɪ'næntiəmɚ] 【对映异构体】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiəsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】epimerization [,ɛpɪmərɪ'zeʃən] 【差向异构】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Equatorial [ˏekwə'tɔ:riəl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriəm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivələnt]【当量的】ester amide exchange 【胺酯交换】Ester['estə]【酯】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃən]【酯化】Ethanol ['eθənɔl]【乙醇】Ether ['i:θə]【醚】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】ethylene ['ɛθɪlin] 【乙烯】Evaporation [iˏvæpə'reiʃən] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtə]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃən]【过滤】fluorination[ˏflu:əri'neiʃən]【氟代】fluorine['fluəri:n]【氟】formalin ['fɔ:məlin] 【甲醛溶液】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】Functional ['fʌŋkʃənl] group【官能团】Furan ['fjuəræn]【呋喃】Gauche [gəuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvə'bɔks]【手套箱】glycerol['glisəˏrɔl]； glycerin ['glisərin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】Glycoside ['glaikəˏsaid]【糖苷】Guanidine ['gwænədi:n]【胍】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】halogen['hælədʒən]【卤素】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl]【加热套】hemiacetal [,hemi'æsitæl] 【半缩醛】heterogeneous [ˏhetərəu'dʒi:niəs] 【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetə'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔməu'dʒi:njəs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】hydrazide [`haidrəˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazine [`haidrəˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazone [`haidrəˏzəun]【腙】hydrochloric [,haɪdrə'klorɪk] acid 【盐酸】Hydrogen ['haidrəudʒən] 【氢】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrəudʒə'nɔləsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinəs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrəu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipəu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzəul]【咪唑】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Impuritiy [im'pjuəriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】indazole ['indəzəul]【吲唑】indole [' indəul]【吲哚】Infrared ['infrə'red]【红外】Intermolecular [ˏintə:mə'lekjulə]【分子间的】Intramolecular [ˏintrəmə'lekjulə]【分子内的】Introduction【引入】iodination['aiədineiʃən]【碘代】iodine['aiədain]【碘】i-Propanol['prəupænəl]【异丙醇】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃən]【光照】Isocynate [aisəu'saiəneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】isomer ['aisɔmə] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmərai'zeiʃən]【异构化】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Isothiocynate [aisəuˏθaiəu'saiəneit]【异硫氰酸酯】isotope ['aisəutəup] 【同位素】ketal 【缩酮】Ketone['ki:təun]【酮】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitə]【催泪剂】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktəun]【内酯】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Ligand ['laigənd]【配体】linear['liniə]【直链的】Lipophilic [ˏlipə`filik] 【亲脂性的】lithiu m ['liθiəm] 【锂】lyophilization [lai,ɔfilai'zeiʃən, -li'z-] 【冻干法】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjəm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpə'reitəs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekənizəm]【机理】Meta-['metə]【间-, 偏-，次-】Methanol ['meθənɔl]【甲醇】Method ology [meθə'dɔlədʒi]【方法学】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Microwave ['maikrəuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃən]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Molecular [məu'lekjulə]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】natural product 【天然产物】n-Butanol['bjutənəul]【正丁醇】N-butyllithium 【正丁基锂】neutralize ['nju:trəlaiz] 【中和】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】Nickel ['nikl] 镍nitration[nai'treiʃən]【硝化】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】Nitrogen ['naitrədʒən] 【氮】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrə'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Nitrosation [naitrə'seiʃə:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophilic [,nju:kliəu'filik] substitution【亲核取代】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliəu'filik] 【亲核的】Olefin ['əuləfin]【烯烃】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligəu'sækəraid]【寡糖】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gənəumi'tælik]【有机金属的】Ortho-['ɔθə]【邻-，正-，原-】Orthoformate[ˏɔθə'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Oxazole 【恶唑】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃən] 【氧化】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] 【氧】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】Palladium [pə'leidiəm]【钯】Para-['pærə]【对-，仲-，副-】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Petroleum [pi'trəuliəm] ether【石油醚】Phenol ['fi:nəl]【苯酚】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】phosphorous ['fɔsfərəs] tribromide[trai'brəumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus ['fɔsfərəs] 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine [pi'perəzi:n]【哌嗪】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimərai'zeiʃən]【聚合】potassium[pə'tæsiəm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】Precursor [pri(:)'kə:sə] 【前体】Preparative [pri'pærətiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praiməri]【伯-】protease ['prəutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prəutik]【质子的】Proton ['prəutɔn]【质子】Purging ['pə:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuərifi'keiʃən]【纯化】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrolidine[pi'rəuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】pyrolysis [ˏpaiə'rɔlisis] 【热解】pyrrole ['piərəul]【吡咯】Quaternisation[kwɔtənai'seiʃən]【季铵盐化】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】quinoline ['kwinəli:n]【喹啉】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksəli:n]【喹喔啉】racemic [rə'si:mik]【消旋的】Radical ['rædikəl] initiator [i'niʃieitə]【自由基引发剂】reactant [ri:'æktənt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ə'reindʒmənt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristəlai'zeiʃən]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】reduction[ridʌkʃən] 【还原】Regioselective ['ri:dʒəu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vəl]【除去】Rotavapor [ˏrəutə'veipə]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】saponification [səpɔnifi'keiʃən]【皂化】saturated ['sætʃəreitid]【饱和的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekəndəri]【仲-】Selenium[si'li:niəm]【硒】Separation [sepə'reiʃən]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnəl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikən] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bənit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rə'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrəu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】sodium sulfate 【硫酸钠】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiəu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】spatula ['spætjulə] 【刮刀】Stability [stə'biliti]【稳定性】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiəriəˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrəns] 【立体位阻】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】stirbar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiəuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpə]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃən] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuənt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnəmaid】【磺酰胺】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfə'neiʃən]【磺化】sulfone ['sʌlfəun] 【砜】Sulfonyl['sʌlfənil]chloride【磺酰氯】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfə]【硫】susceptible [sə'septəbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєə]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:təmə]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tə:ʃəri]【叔-】theoretical yield [,θiə'rɛtɪkəl]【理论产率】Thermodynamic ['θə:məudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thiazole [θaɪ'eɪzəʊl] 【噻唑】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrəumə'tɔgrəfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Thiocyanate[θaiəu'saiəneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiəuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】thionyl['θaiənil] chloride【氯化亚砜】thiophene ['θaiəˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Thiourea [ˏθaiəujuə'riə]【硫脲】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Titration [tai'treiʃən]【滴定】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】Transesterification [trænsəsˏterəfi'keiʃən]【酯交换】Transformation [ˏtrænsfə'meiʃən]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒən] state 【过渡态】Triethylamine [traiˏeθələ'mi:n]【三乙胺】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】trifluoroacetate [traifluərə'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenəl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Triphosgene【三光气】Trituration [tritju'reiʃən]【研磨】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrəˏsɔni'keiʃən]【超声作用】ultraviolet ['ʌltrə'vaiəlit] active【紫外显色】Urea ['juəriə]【尿素】Vacuum ['vækjuəm] 【真空】vacuum hose [həuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlətail]【易挥发的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】。
【有机化学专业英语词汇】
v1.0可编辑可修改有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基［prope nyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷an hydride 酐an ili no- 苯胺基bromo-溴butyl 丁基-carb inol 甲醇carb onyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10 -2chloro-氯代cis- 顺式con de nsed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci 10 -1-di ne 啶dodeca-十二aquo-含水的-ase 酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atri yne 三炔azo-偶氮benzene 苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane 硼烷-ene 烯epi-表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form 仿v1.0可编辑可修改-lact one 内酯-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰octa-八-imi ne 亚胺iodi ne 碘iodo-碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto-酮ketone 酮octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime 肟hemi-半hen deca- 十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydri n 醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高mega- 106 meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10 -6milli- 10 -3mono- ( mon-) 一，单-ic酸的，高价金属nano- 10 一n itro- 硝基n itroso- 亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九-glycol 二醇v1.0可编辑可修改covale nt bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond len gth 键长oxo-酮 tetrakis- 四个oxy-氧化thio- 硫代-oyl 酰 trans- 反式，超，跨para- 对位，仲 tri-三 penta-五 trideca- 十三 pentadeca-十五tris-三个per- 高，过petro- 石油 undeca- 十^一- phenol 苯酚 uni-单，一phenyl 苯基un sym-不对称的，偏位-12pico- 10poly-聚，多 -yl 基quadri- 四 -yne 炔quinque-五organic compounds 有机化合物semi-半 compo unds of carb on 碳化合物 septi- 七 hydrocarbons and their derivatives sesqui 一个半 碳氢化合物及其衍生物 sulfa- 磺胺 orga nic chemistry有机化学sym- 对称structure of molecule 分子结构syn- 顺式，同，共chemical bond 化学键 ter- tetra-tetradeca- 十四bond angle 键角thio- 硫代-ylene 撑（二价基，价在不同原子上）v1.0可编辑可修改bond energy 键能hydroge n bonding 氢键polarity 极性dipole moment 偶极矩dissociati on en ergy 离解能electr on egativity 电负性con stituti on 构造physical property 物理性质con tigurati on 构型melt ing point 熔点conformation 构象boili ng point 沸点stereochemistry 立体化学react ion mecha nism 反应机理tetrahedral 正四面体homolysis 均裂cis-顺free redical 自由基trans-反heterolysis 异裂isomerism同分异构现象ion ic type 离子型isomer异构体electrophilic reage nt 亲电试剂stereoisomer 立体异构electrophilic react ion 亲电反应con stituti onal isomer 构造异构nu cleophilic reage nt 亲核试剂structural formula 结构式nu cleophilic react ion 亲核反应octet八隅体英文名汉文名perspective 透视式An gular methyl group 角甲基eclipsed con formati on 重叠式构象Alkylide ne group 亚烷基staggered con formati on 交叉式构象Allyl group 烯丙基n ewma n project ion 纽曼投影式Allylic 烯丙型［的］functional group 官能团Phe nyl group 苯基chain compoud链状化合物Aryl group 芳基carbocyclic compo und碳环化合物Ben zyl group 苄基彳heterocyclic compo und 杂环化合物Benzylic 苄型［的］dipole-dipole in teract偶极- Activat ing group 活化基团ions偶极相互作用Chromophore 生色团van der Waals forces 范德华力Auxochrome 助色团v1.0可编辑可修改Magn etically ani sotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Com mon ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ri ng system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Con jugatio n 共轭Con jugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical catio n 自由基正离子Radical a nio n 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］Aci form 酸式Fluxi onal structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral con figuratio n 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carb on 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carb on 假不对称碳Phantom atom虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Con figurati on 构型Absolute con figurati on 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral ce nter 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projectio n 费歇尔投影式Neoma n projectio n 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomen clature D-L 命名体系v1.0可编辑可修改R-S syytem of nomen clature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则v1.0可编辑可修改Symmetry factor 对称因素Pla ne of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro con figurati on 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo con figurati on 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carb on 三角型碳Cis-tra ns isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compo und外消旋化合物Racemic solid solutio n 外消旋固体溶液Meso compou nd内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Con formati on 构象Con formati onal 构象分析Torsi on an gle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti con formati on 反式构象Bisect ing con formatio n 等分构象Anti peripla nar con formati on 反叠构象Syn peripla nar con formati on 顺叠构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 反错构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 顺错构象Eclipsed con formati on 重叠构象Gauche con formati on, skew con-formatio n 邻位交叉构象Staggered con formati on 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体v1.0可编辑可修改Puckered ring 折叠环Con formati onal inv ersi on 构象反转Chair con formati on 椅型构象Boat con formati on 船型构象Twist con formati on 扭型构象Skew boat co nformatio n 扭船型构象v1.0可编辑可修改Half-chair con formatio n 半椅型构象Pseudorotati on 假旋转Envelope conformation 信圭寸［型］构象Axial bond 直［立］键Equatorial bond 平［伏］键Cisoid con formati on 顺向构象Tran soid con formati on 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专-性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专性Con former构象异构体Con formati onal effect 构象效应Cram s rube克拉姆规则Prelog ' rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orie ntati on 立体［化学］取向Con formati onal tran smissi on传递Homolog同系物构象Ipso positi on 本位Ortho positi on 邻位Meta positi on 间位Para positi on 对位Amphi positi on 远位Peri positi on 近位Trigo nal hybridizati on 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Vale nee bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross con jugation交叉共轭Viny log插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugati on 超共轭Isovale nt hyperc on jugati on 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 方香八隅Huckel' rule休克尔规则Paramag netic ring curre nt 顺磁环电流Diamag netic ring cruue nt 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性An tiaromaticity 反芳香性Alter nant hydrocarb on 交替烃v1.0可编辑可修改Non-alter nant hydrocarb on 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearra ngeme nt 电环［化］重排Con rotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloadditio n 环加成Symmetry forbidde n-reactio n 对称禁阻反应Syn facial reacti on 同面反应An tarafacial reacti on 异面反应Mobius system默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coord in ate-covale nt bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauli ng electro negativity scale鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性In ductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerizati on 互变异构化Keto-e nol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phe no l-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imin e-e namine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Rin g-cha in tautomerism 环-链互变异构Vale nee tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可［的］Solve nt effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed react ion 酸性溶剂Basic solve nt 碱性溶剂Dielectric con sta nt 介电常数Solvated electro n 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Con jugate base 共轭酸Con jugate base 共轭碱Therm odyn amic acidity 热力学酸度Kin etic acidity 动力学酸度Electr on dono f-acceptorcomplex,EDAcomplex 电子给［体］受体络合物Host主体Guest客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secon dary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inv erse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kin etic control 动力学控制Thermod yn amic con trol 热力学控制9Substrate 底物In termediate 中间体Reactive in termediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Lin ear free energy 线性自由能Non-bon ded in teracti on 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotati on 阻碍旋转Eclipsi ng effect 重叠效应Eclipsi ng strain 重叠张力Small-a ngle strain 小角张力Large an gle stra in 大角张力Transannu lar in teracti on 跨环相互作用Transannu lar strain跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Ano meric effect 端基异构效应Walde n inv ersi on 瓦尔登反转Racemizati on 夕卜消旋化Isoinv ersi on 等反转Isoracemizati on 等消旋Homochiral纯手性［的］Mecha nism 机理Un imolecular nu cleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilic sub-stitutio n双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilicsubsti-tuti on( with allylic rearra nge-me nt) 双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排)Internal nu cleophilic substiru-tio n 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nu cleophilic substitu-tio n 芳香亲核取代Un imolecular electrophilic sub-stitution单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tutio n双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unim olecu-lar electrophilicv1.0可编辑可修改substituti on 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unim olecular elim in ati on 单分子消除Bimolecular elim in ati on 双分子消除Unim olecular elim in ati on through the con jugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n through the con jugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n withfor-matio n of a carb onyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unim olecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unim olecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂n - allyl complex mechanism n 烯丙型络合机理Borderl ine mecha nism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic micha nism 异裂机理Coun rer[gege n]i on 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocati on 碳正离子Non classical carbocatio n 非经典碳正离子Carbanion碳负离子Masked carbanion掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid卡宾体Carbe ne 卡宾Nitre ne 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov ' s rube马尔科夫尼科规则An ti-Marko vn ikov additi on 反马氏v1.0可编辑可修改加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substituti on 取代v1.0可编辑可修改Electrophilic substituti on 亲电取代Additi on-elim in ati on mecha nism 力卩成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-ti on 亲电芳香取代Electro n tran sfer 电子转移Electro n-do nati ng group 给电子基团Electro n-Withdrawi ng group 吸电子基团Deactivati ng group 卡屯化基团Orinen tati on 取向Ortho-para direct ing group 令B对位定位基Meta direct ing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reacti on 亲核反应In ternal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性a - effect a -效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inv ersi on 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leav ing group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-tra nsfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighbori ng group participati on邻基基参与Neighbori ng proupassista nce,a nchimeric assista nee邻助作用Neighbori ng group effect 令B基效应Apofacial reacti on 反面反应Briddgehead displaceme nt 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则An ti-Zaitsev orie ntati on 反札依采夫定向Hofmann s rule 霍夫曼规贝UBredt rule 布雷特规则In itiatio n 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bo nd fixation 键［的］部分固定化v1.0可编辑可修改02. 3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylatio n C-烷基化v1.0可编辑可修改O- alkylatio n O- 烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷［基］化Exhaustive methylatio n 彻底甲基化Seco alkylatio n 断裂烷基化Demethylatio n 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylatio n 烷氧羰基化Carboamidati on 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisam in ati on 双氨基化Cine substitutio n 移位取代Tran sami natio n 氨基交换Hydroxylati on 羟基化acyloxyati on 酰氧基化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧卤化Allylic haloge nation 烯丙型卤化Dehaloge nati on 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧硝化Nitrosatio n 亚硝化Sulfo natio n 磺化Chlorosulfo natio n 氯磺酰化Desulfo nati on 脱磺酸基Sulfe nylation 亚磺酰化Sulfo nylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfe natio n 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarb on ylatio n 氯羰基化Diazotizati on 重氮化Diazo tran sfer 重氮基转移Coupli ng reaction 偶联反应Diaz on ium coupli ng 重氮偶联Cross-coupli ng reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1 ，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerizatio n 二聚Trimefizati on 三聚Additive dimerizati on 力卩成二聚sulfurizati on 硫化Sele ny lati on 硒化Hydroborati on 硼氢化Oxyam in ation羟氨基化In serti on 插入v1.0可编辑可修改carb ony lati on 羧基化Hydroformylatio n 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylati on 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成v1.0可编辑可修改Decarb ony lati on 脱羰Hydrocarboxylati on 氢羧基化Homologizati on 同系化Cyan oethylation 氰乙基化Decya no ethylati on 脱氰乙基Ri ng clsure 环合Die ne syn thesis 双烯合成Die nophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reactio n 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene syn thesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloadditi on 负离子环力卩成Dipolar addition 偶极加成-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除Dehydrohaloge nati on 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elim in ati on 热解消除Elimi natio n-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylati on 脱羧Decarboxamidati on 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragme ntati on 碎裂Chiletropic react ion 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterificati on 酉旨化Tran sesterificatio n 酯交换Sapon ificati on 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Etha nolysis 乙醇解Cyano methylati on 氰甲基化Ami no methylatio n 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylatio n 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylatio n 羟烷基化Cholromethylatio n 氯甲基化Haloalkylatio n 卤烷基化Tran sacetalati on 缩醛交换En olization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol c onden satio n 羟醛缩合Cross aldol conden sati on 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol conden sati on 逆羟醛缩合Acyl oin conden sati on 偶姻缩合Cyclizati on 环化Annu lati on,ann elati on 增环反应Spiroa nnu latio n 螺增环Autoxidati on 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylati on 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidati on 环氧化Oxono lysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidati on 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylati on 氧化脱羧Aromatizati on 芳构化Catalytic hydroge nati on 催化氢化Heteroge neous hydroge nati on 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydroge natio n 催化脱氢Transfer hydroge nati on 转移氢化Hydroge no lysis 氢解Dissolvi ng metal reduct ion 溶解金属还原Sin gle electro n transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reducti on 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylatio n 还原烷基化Reductive acylati on 还原酰化Reductive dimerizatio n 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurizati on 脱硫Desele ni zati on 脱硒Mitallati on 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallati on 氢金属化Mercurati on 汞化Oxymercurati on 羟汞化Ami nomercuration 氨汞化Abstractio n 夺取［反应］In ternal abstract ion 内夺取［反应］Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearra ngeme nt 质了转移重排Double bond migrati on 双键移位Allylic migrati on 烯丙型重排Allylic migrati on 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小［反应］Ring expa nsion,ring enl argeme nt Electrophilic rearra ngeme nt 亲电扩环［反应］重排-ketol rearra ngeme nt - 酮醇重排Photose nsitizatio n 光敏化Pin acol rearra ngeme nt 频哪醇重排Forbidde n tran siti on 禁阻跃迁Retrop in acol rearra ngeme nt 逆频哪photooxidati on 光氧化醇重排Photoisomerizati on 光异构化Semip in acol rearra ngeme nt 半频哪E Photochemical rearra ngeme光化nt醇重排学重排Ben zilic rearra ngeme nt 二苯乙醇酸2. 4有机化合物类名重排Aliphatic compou nd 脂肪族化合物Acyl rearran geme nt 酰基重排Hpdrocarbon碳氢化合物Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Alkane 烷Transannu lar in serti on 跨环插入Wax蜡Transannu lar rearra ngeme nt 跨环重Paraffi n wax 石蜡排Alkene 烯Migrati on 迁移Alkyen 炔Prototropy 质子转移Acetylide 炔化物Cati ono tropic rearra ngeme nt 正离Active hydroge n compo unds 活泼氢子转移重排化合物An io notropy 负离子转移Carbon acid 碳氢酸Aniono tropic rearra ngeme nt 负离子Super acid 超酸转移重排Diene双烯Sigmatropic rearra ngeme nt - 迁移重Triene 三烯排Alle ne 丙二烯Homosigmatropic rearra ngeme nt 同Ccumule ne累积多烯迁移重排Enyne烯炔Diyne 二炔v1.0可编辑可修改Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound硝基化合物Ami ne 胺Quater naryam monium com-po und 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfo nic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Deto ne 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Keto ne hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal缩醛Ketal缩酮Dithia ne 二噻烷Aminal缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimi ne醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimi ne 醛肟Oxime亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydraz one 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol频哪醇Enol烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Yn ami ne 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘v1.0可编辑可修改Carbobe nzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene乙烯酮v1.0可编辑可修改Peracid 过酸Perester过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Ison itrile 异腈Amide酰胺Imide二酰亚胺N-bromo compo und N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyan amide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allopha nate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Ami no acid 氨基酸Zwitterio ns 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine甜菜碱Lactam内酰胺Hydantion乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate碳水化合物Aldose醛糖Ketose酮糖Furanose呋喃糖Pyranose吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡［萄］糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compo und 脂环化合物Cycloalke ne 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compo und 螺烷Propella ne 笼型化合物Rotaza ne螺桨烷Cate nane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。
(完整版)有机化学专业英语词汇(精)
有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[的] Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skewcon-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsubsti-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilicsubstiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilicsubstitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilicsub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilicsubsti-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination withfor-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃11。
有机化学专业英语词汇
有机化学专业英语词汇（精） acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基[propenyl（丙烯基）] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸-2 centi- 10 -2 chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10 -1 -dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106 meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基-6micro- 10milli- 10 mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10 nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol/phenoxide 苯酚phenyl 苯基-12pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑( 二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物Derivative 衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构Chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy 键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution 构造contiguration 构型conformation 构象stereochemistry 立体化学tetrahedral 正四面体cis- 顺trans- 反isomerism 同分异构现象isomer 异构体stereoisomer 立体异构constitutional isomer 构造异构structural formula 结构式octet 八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation 重叠式构象staggered conformation 交叉式构象newman projection 纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compound 链状化合物carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极- 偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment 偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property 物理性质melting point 熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism 反应机理homolysis 均裂free redical 自由基heterolysis 异裂ionic type 离子型electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂electrophilic reaction 亲电反应nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型［的］ Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型［的］Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子aromatic ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］ Acid form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudo asymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］ Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性［的］ Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性［的］ Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Newman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L 命名体系R-S system of nomenclature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基［差向］异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R 基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象的Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Antiperiplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象anticlinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation/skew conformation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropisomer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封［型］构象Axial bond 直［立］键Equatorial bond 平［伏］键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereoselectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram's rube 克拉姆规则Prelog 'rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体［化学］取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbital method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel 'rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring current 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[ 化] 重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Lewis structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮- 烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚- 酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环- 链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[ 的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acidic solvent 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate acid 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Thermodynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donor-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[ 体] 受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[ 的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution(with allylic rearrangement) 双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排) Internal nucleophilic substirution 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic substitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substitution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecular electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with formation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂n -allyl complex mechanism n 烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾, 碳烯Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov 's rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitution 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性a -effect a -效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance/anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann's rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键［的］部分固定化2．3 有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C- 烷基化O- alkylation O- 烷基化N-alkylation N- 烷基化Silylation 硅烷［基］化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative halogenation 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1 ，4- 加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimerization 三聚Additive dimerization加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯- 尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis/alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chelatropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxidation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[ 反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[ 反应]Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic rearrangement 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[ 反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[ 反应] ketol rearrangement 酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement 单键迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydroge n compo unds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene双烯Triene 三烯Alle ne 丙二烯Ccumule ne累积多烯Enyne烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound硝基化合物Ami ne 胺Quater naryam monium compo und 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfo nic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Deto ne 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Keto ne hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal半缩醛Acetal缩醛Ketal缩酮Dithia ne 二噻烷Aminal缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟n itroso compo und 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine吖嗪，连氮Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol频哪醇Enol烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Yn ami ne 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iod ine 酰碘Carbobe nzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Ison itrile 异腈Amide酰胺Imide二酰亚胺N-bromo compou nd N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyan amide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allopha nate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡［萄］糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。
有机化学常用词汇
abate 缓和, 减弱; 减(税); 降(价); [律]撤消abide by 遵守; 服从account for 说明; 解释; 报偿acetal 乙缩醛,乙醛二乙醇,醛缩醇,缩醛acetaldehyde 乙醛,醋醛acetamide 乙酰胺acetanilide 乙酰苯胺,退热冰[解热药]acetic 乙酸的,醋的acetic acid 醋酸,乙酸acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈acetophenone 苯乙酮,乙酰苯[镇静催眠药]acetyl 乙酰基; 醋酸基acetylation 乙酰化(作用)achiral 无手性的acidosis 酸中毒acyl helide 酰卤acyl 酰基acylation 酰化作用adapter 接头,接合管,连接管,适配器,转接器,接合体addition 加,附加,添加,补充,加入,加成,相加作用additional 附加的, 另外的加,添加的adjacent 靠近的,邻近的,毗连的admix 掺和,混合adverse 逆的,相反的,不利的,有害的agitation 搅动(作用),精神激动,搅拌,激动,鼓动airbone 空运的, 空中传播的alcohol 醇,乙醇,酒精aldehyde 乙醛, 醛aldol ①醛醇,align 成(直)线,排列,排牙,校整,对准,定位,定中心aliphatic 脂肪族的, 脂肪质的aliquot (整分)部分,可分量,(拉)除得尽能整除;alkali 碱; 强碱alkaline 碱的,强碱的,碱性的alkane 链烷,烷属烃alkene [化]烯烃, 链烯链(烯)烃,乙烯系碳氢化物,烯烃菌素alkyl halides 卤烃类alkyl 烷基,烃基alkylation 烷化,烃化,烃基化(反应)alkylhalide 烷基卤alkyne 炔属烃,链炔,炔烃alleviate 减轻(痛苦等),缓和allow for 考虑到allyl [化]烯丙基alumina 氧化铝,矾土aluminum 铝amalgam 汞合金,汞齐ambient 围绕著的; 周围的amide 酰胺amine 胺amino 氨基aminophenol 氨基苯酚ammonia 氨,稀氨水,氨水,氢氧化铵溶液ammonium 氨盐基, 铵andiron 柴架anesthesia 感觉缺失,麻木,麻醉anesthetic 麻醉学,感觉缺失的,麻醉的,麻醉剂angle 角anhydride 酐,脱水物anhydrous 无水的aniline 氨基苯,苯胺anorexia 食欲缺乏,厌食症anti 反,抗-{前缀}anticonvulsant 抗惊厥剂,抗抽搐剂apparatus 器械,装置,仪器,器官,机构approximation 近似,近似法,近似值,接近aromatic 芳香族的,芳香的,芳香剂aromaticity 芳香性,芳族性arrest 停止,阻止逮捕, 监禁;arrhythmias 无节律性,心律不齐,心律失常aryl 芳基,芳香基arylamine 芳香胺asbestors 石棉aspiration 抽吸,吸(引),吸引术热望, 渴望aspirator 抽吸器,抽气器assembly 集合,装配,小群落,装置,成套,部件,组件,组合assess 评价,估计assumption 假设,假定asterisk 星状物,星号asymmetric 不均匀的; 不对称的attain 达到, 获得axial 轴的,中轴的,轴式的azeotrop 共沸混合物,恒沸混合物azo [=chemical group-N=N]偶氮含氮的back up 支持; 贮存baffle (百叶式)挡(光)板,障板,折流板,吸声板,定向屏蔽,栅极,反射体,干扰,隔板,缓冲板,阻板barrel 桶; 把……装入桶内basicity 碱度, 碱性beaker 烧杯,大酒杯,一大酒杯的量bench 长凳,台,座,架,实验台,钳工台,工作台benzaldehyde [化]安息香醛; 苯甲醛benzamide 苯甲酰胺,苯酰胺benzene sulfonyl 苯磺酰benzene 苯benzidine 联苯胺,4,4'-二氨基联(二)苯benzil 二苯甲酰,苯偶酰,联苯酰,二苯(基)乙二酮benzoate 苯甲酸盐,苯甲酸酯benzoin 安息香,苯甲酰苯甲醇,苯偶姻,二苯乙醇酮benzophenone 苯甲酮benzoyl 苯甲酰(基),苯酰benzyl 苄基,苯甲基benzyl 苄基,苯甲基bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐biphenyl 联苯,联二苯bis 二度; 二回bisulfite 重亚硫酸盐重亚硫酸盐; 酸性亚硫酸盐blanket 毯子,铺布,复,盖,扑灭,抑制,隐蔽bluish 带蓝色的,淡蓝色的boiling 煮沸, 沸腾, 起泡bore 钻(孔),镗,内径,钻孔器,内径,锥,挖,掘,孔,洞令人讨厌的人;烦扰, 出生, 钻孔bored 无趣的, 烦人的, 无聊的; vbl. 烦扰, 钻孔boric acid 硼酸borneol 龙脑,冰片,乙醇,梅片,樟醇,钓樟醇borohydride 硼氢化物,氢硼化物brine 盐水,盐卤bromide 溴化物bromo 溴代,溴基bromobenzene 溴苯bromonium 溴鎓buchner funnel 布氏漏斗,平底瓷漏斗budget 预算;bulb 球茎, 电灯泡bump 碰撞,(曲线上的)折曲,拐点bunsen burner 本生灯,煤气灯butane 丁烷butanol 丁醇butene 丁烯butyl 丁基, 丁基合成橡胶butyrophenone 丁酰苯,丙基-苯基甲酮,苯丙甲酮c.p.chemically pure 化学纯ca. [=circa(about)]大约,(时间)前后calibrate 定标,定分度,校准,使标准化calibration 校准call for 求援camphor 樟脑caproate ①己酸盐,②己酸酯caprolactam 己内酰胺carbocation 碳阳离子carbonyl 羰基,碳酰carborundum 金刚砂,碳化硅carboxyl 羧基carboxylic 羧基的羧酸cardiac 强心剂, 强胃剂; 心脏的, (胃的)贲门cardinal (果蝇)绯色眼,主要的,基本的,轴节的carotene 胡萝卜素carry out 实现; 执行cases are knowncasserole 勺皿,焙盘,蒸锅catalyst 触媒剂; 催化剂catalytic [化]催化剂的, 起触媒作用的catalyze 使起催化作用; 使起接触反应caustic 腐蚀性的,苛性的cautious 谨慎的,细心的ceramic 陶瓷的,陶瓷制品charcoal 药用炭,活性炭,炭末[吸附剂]chip 屑晶片, 薄片; [电子]集成电路片; chiral 手(征)性的,手性chirality 手性,手征,偏光力,手型,手征性chlorocarbon 氯碳化合物chloroform 氯仿,三氯甲烷[防腐药] chlorophyll 叶绿素chromic acid 铬酸,三氧化铬circulatory 循环的cloudy 混浊的,多云的coefficient 系数coenzyme 辅酶coil 线圈,线团,螺管colloidal 胶体的,胶质的,胶态的comment 注解, 批评, 评论;concentric 同心的,具同心环纹的condensate 冷凝物,冷凝液condensation 压缩, 凝缩, 液化浓集condense 冷凝,凝结,凝聚,浓缩,聚光conduction 传导configuration 构型,配位conformation 构象congo 刚果conical 圆锥形的conjugate 结合物,(骨盆)直径,共轭,偶合,轭合,轭合物,接合,结合,成对,成对的,对生的,共轭体conjugation 结合,接合,结合反应,联接,共轭contemplate 注视,仔细思考convection 传达, 对流, 对流converse 相反的事物, 倒, 逆向;convulsion 抽搐,惊厥copious 丰富的,丰饶的,大量的copper 铜cord 绳索, 束缚cork 软木(塞),木栓,软塞,塞住coupling 结合,偶合,偶联,连接器covalent 共有原子价, 共价crease 皱,折痕,折缝,变皱,使折缝creep 滞缓,蠕变,爬,蔓延,位移,频率漂移criterion (复criteria)标准,判据,准则,尺度,判别式,指标crown 冠,根颈,副花冠crucial 决定性的,极难的,十字形的crystal 晶体,结晶crystalline 水晶的, 透明的, 结晶性的crystallization 结晶作用,结晶crystallize (使)结晶cuprous 亚铜的,一价铜的customary 习惯的, 惯常的, 原来的cyanate 氰酸盐cyanide 氰化物cyano 氰基cyanohydrin 氰醇,氰腈cyclic 周期的,循环的,环状的cycloalkane 环烷烃cyclohexane 环己烷cylindrical 圆筒状的,圆柱状的datum (复data)数据,基准,资料,论据,材料,证据decane 癸烷(C10H22)decantation 滗,倾析,滗析,倾泻,滗出decarboxylation 脱羧decided 明显的,明确的,决定的decompose 分解,腐败,分析,还原,使腐烂,腐解defat 脱脂degradation 降解,递降,分解作用dehydrated 脱水的dehydration 脱水(作用),失水denote 表示,指示,意味dense 密集的density 密度depict 描写dermatitis 皮肤炎desiccant 干燥剂,干燥的desiccator 干燥器,保干器,烘干器designate 命名,指定,指明,指示,选派detergent 去垢剂,洗涤剂,清洁剂,去污剂,去污的detoxify 去毒,解毒,戒烟毒deviation 偏差,偏向,偏离,偏位,斜位,偏移,偏斜devote 投入于, 献身dextrorotatory 右旋的,正旋的diastereoisomer 非对映异构体,非镜像异物体diastereomer 非对映体diastereotoic 非对映异位的diazo 重氮基diazonium 重氮基diazotization 重氮化作用diazotize [化]使重氮化dichromate 重铬酸盐diethyl ether 麻醉乙醚diethylene 二乙烯differentiate 微分,区别,分化区别, 差别, 求……的微分diketone 二酮基dilute 稀释,稀薄的,淡的,冲淡dioxane 二噁烷,二氧杂环己烷dipole 偶极(子),偶极天线,对称振子disorientation 定向力障碍,定向消失dissociation 分离,离解,分裂(精神病)dissolve 溶解, 解散, 使感动, 废除dissymmetric 不对称的distillate 馏出物,馏变,蒸馏,精华,露剂disulfide 二硫化物dodecane 十二烷drierite 德里拉特[干燥用无水硫酸,商品名]droplet 小滴,徽滴,飞沫dropwise 点滴的,滴状,滴加,一滴一滴地,点滴地drowsiness 困倦,昏昏欲睡duct 管,导管dullness 钝; 迟钝; 暗淡; 阴沉; 沉闷; 萧条ebullition 沸腾, 横溢, 精神饱满eclipse 日蚀, 月蚀, 衰落;elasticity 弹力, 弹性electron 电子, 极微小的东西electronegaticvity 负电性electrophile 亲电子试剂electrophilic 亲电子的elongate 伸长,长形的emulsion 乳剂,乳胶,乳浊液,乳状液enantiomer 对映体,对映异构物enantiotopic 对映异位的encompass 包围,环绕,包括enol 烯醇enormous 巨大的,庞大的epoxide 环氧化物equilibrium 平衡,饱和,长期平衡erlenmeyer flask 埃伦迈尔烧瓶,锥形瓶erythro 红,赤,赤藓ester 酯esterification 酯化(作用)ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇, 酒精ethenyl 乙烯基,次乙基ether 醚,乙醚大气, 苍天ethoxy 乙氧基ethoxyethane 乙氧基乙烷,乙醚ethyl 乙基,乙烷基ethylene chloride 氯化乙烯ethylene 乙炔,乙烯,乙撑,次乙基eutectic 易熔的,低共熔的evacuate 排泄,排粪,抽空,撤离,排除,排气exert .施加,产生,发挥exothermic 发热的, 放出热量的expedient 有利的,方便的,权宜的办法extinguisher 消除器,灭火器eyelid 睑,眼睑facial 脸的, 脸部用的fashion 流行, 风尚, 时样; 形成, 造, 作faucet 水龙头,旋塞,开关,水阀,承口,插口ferrous 亚铁的,二价铁的fibrillation 纤维性颤动,原纤维形成filament 细丝,丝,花丝,丝状体,藻丝体,纤丝filter flask 吸滤瓶filtrate 过滤液; 过滤水; 滤(出)液filtration 滤过,过滤,滤光(作用) fluorescence 荧光萤光, 发萤光, 萤光性flute (凹)槽,波纹, 笛, 横笛;foolproof 笨人也能处理的; 简单的formaldehyde 甲醛, 蚁醛formate 甲酸盐,甲酸酯,甲酸根,蚁酸盐,蚁酸酯formation 生成,形成,结构formic 蚁的, 蚁酸的甲酸的formyl 甲酸基fountain 泉水; 喷泉fractionation 分段分离,分部分离,分级分离fragment 碎片,断片,片段freeze 冻结,凝固,冰结,冰冻,冷冻funnel 漏斗,围食膜,烟囱,浇铸漏斗,浇口,使成漏斗形furan 呋喃furnish 供给, 提供, 装设gait 步态,步法garment 衣服, 衣装, 外表gastrointestinal 胃肠的gauche 邻位交叉式gauge 表,规,量规,量计,样板gause 薄纱, 纱布, 金属网gauze 纱布,线网gel 胶化体, 凝胶;geometrical 几何学的, 几何的giddiness 眩晕glacial 冰的,冰样的,冰状的,玻璃状的,坚硬的,极纯的,冰的glycerol 甘油; 丙三醇glycol 乙二醇,甘醇goggle 护目镜,遮灰眼镜gradient 梯度,陡度,斜度graduate 毕业生,刻度量器,量杯,量筒,分度器,刻度,划分刻度,分度,蒸浓,毕业,渐渐变为gram 克gravity 重力grind 研磨,碾,磨光,捣,刻苦用功,研碎,粉碎grip 抓紧, 抱住, 吸住grit 磨料,粗砂,石英砂,砂粒,抛光粉,人造磨石,粒度,筛网,磨擦,石细胞团ground glass 毛玻璃; 磨砂玻璃guanidine 胍[横纹肌兴奋药]gummy 树胶状的; 黏著性的halide 卤素化合物,卤化物haloform 卤仿halogenate 卤化halogenation 卤化作用,卤化helices 单环helium 氦hemiacetal 半缩醛hepatomegaly 肝肿大hepatotoxicity 肝毒性heptane 庚烷heptane 庚烷heterocyclic 杂环的, 不同环式的heterogeneous 异形的,异质的,非均质的,杂的,异种的heterolysis 异种溶解,外力溶解hexahydrobenzene 六氢苯hexamethylene 环己烷,环六亚甲基,环己基hexane 己烷hilarity 欢闹的心情, 欢喜, 高兴hirsch funnel 赫尔什漏斗homogeneous 同种的,同质性的,单相的homolog 同系物homologous 对应染色体,同源染色体,同等染色体,同种(异体)的,同源的,同系的,类似的,相应的homolysis 均裂hood 罩,盖,帽,座舱盖hose 胶皮管,软管,蛇管,用管子供水hydrate 水合物, 水化合物,hydration 水合(作用)hydrazine 肼,联胺,肼屈嗪,肼酞嗪,肼苯哒嗪hydrazone 腙hydride 氢化物hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物hydrochloride 盐酸化物,氢氯化物hydrolysis 水解（作用）hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxy [化]氢氧根的, 羟基的hydroxylamine [化]羟胺; 胲hygroscopic 引湿性的,吸湿性的hypothetical 假说的,假设的,假定的identity 鉴定,鉴别, 相同, 身份, 一致, 同一人; 同一物imidazole 咪唑,异吡唑imide [化]酰亚胺impair[=impaired]损伤的,受损的impinge 碰撞打击, 伤害, 影响implosion 以恐治恐法,内爆 [音声]内破裂; 闭塞impotence 性无能,无能力,阳痿,阳萎indentation 齿痕,切迹,凹入,缺口,成穴作用indole 吲哚,苯并吡咯infallible 绝无错误的, 绝对可靠的infrared 红外(线)的ingest 摄取,摄食,咽下,吸收,摄入ingestion 咽下,吸收,食入,摄食inhibitor 抑制器,抑制开关,抑制调节器,禁止器,抑制因子,抑制物,抑制剂insol [=insolubility]不溶解性instance 实例,情况,引证insulate 使……绝缘, 隔离; [计算机]绝缘integral 积分,整个,整的,整合的,积分的,整数的,完全的,整体的,积分的integrate 集成,积分,结合,集合interact 相互作用,干扰intermolecular 分子间的interpret 解释, 演出, 翻译; [计算机]解释interpretation 解释,译码,翻译,(图像)判读intimate 直接的,接近的,详细的亲密的, 私人的, 秘密的;intractable 顽固的,难治的听话的, 倔强的, 棘手的introductory 介绍的, 引导的, 开端的inversion 转化(蔗糖),倒位(遗传),倒置,逆变,转化,内翻,性欲倒错invert 倒置,转化,性倒错者,同性恋者iodine 碘, 碘酒iodoform 三碘甲烷, 碘仿ionic 离子的irradiate 照射irrigate 灌溉, 冲洗伤口, 使……潮湿isomer (同分)异构体,同质异能素jack 起重器,千斤顶,弹簧开关,插孔,塞孔,插座,插口,塞孔,插口,插座judicious 明智的,慎重的ketene 烯酮类,乙烯酮乙烯酮; 烯酮keto [化]酮类的ketone 酮,甲酮lacrimation 流泪,催泪作用lassitude 倦怠,厌倦疲倦, 疲乏, 无精神latex 胶乳,橡胶lay up 贮藏; 卧病不起legitimate 合法的, 正当的, 婚生的;lemon 柠檬,柠檬黄,枸橼,柠檬色lessen 变少,减少,减轻leukemia 非白血性白血病levorotatory 左旋(性)的,左旋的liberate 解放, 释放, 使……自由ligroin 轻石油likelihood 可能性,似然liquefy 液化,熔解literature 文学,著作,文献lithium 锂litmus 石蕊,石蕊素localize 局部化,集中luminous 发光的, 明亮的manganate 锰酸盐manifold 许多的,多样的,歧管,多支管,复合管manipulation 操作,处理,操作法,推拿,手法,操作,控制manometer 测压计,气压计mantle 斗篷, 覆盖物, 罩子;罩住, 覆盖, 脸红melt 融解,熔化,熔化物,软化,熔体mercapto 疏基mercury 汞,水银merit 优点,长处,功绩mesh 筛目,筛眼,筛孔,网眼,网状(物),网孔,网meso 正中,中间,内消旋,中位meta 间位,偏位,变,转,后,旁,次metallic 象金属的,金属(音)的methane 甲烷,沼气methanol 甲醇methoxy 甲氧(基)methyl 甲基methylene 甲叉,亚甲基,甲撑micro (希)小,细,微milligram 毫克milliliter 毫升mineral 矿物,矿石,无机物,矿物的minute 分,片刻,瞬间,微小的,精细的,微(小)体(突变型),精密的,微细的,(染色体)小片,分(钟) miscible 可混合的,可溶混的,能溶和的,易混合的modificatin 变体,变形,变更moisten 湿润moment 矩,动差,时刻,瞬间,力矩,片刻,力矩mortar 乳钵,研钵,臼,灰浆,砌泥,胶泥mydriasis 瞳孔放大,瞳孔散大naphthol 萘酚naphthyl 萘基narcosis 麻醉nausea 恶心needle 针,针状物,指针,注射针头,针叶nephrotoxicity 肾毒性neuropsychiatry 神经精神病学nicotinic [化]烟碱的; 烟碱酸的nipple 乳头,螺纹接套,(螺丝)管接头,短接管,喷嘴,橡皮奶头,奶头罩,橡皮头nitric 氮的, 含氮的, 硝石的氮的,高价氮的nitrile 腈nitrite 亚硝酸盐,亚硝酸酯nitro 硝基,硝化甘油,硝化甲烷nomograph 列线图,算图,诺模图,列线图解nonane 壬烷nonferrous 不含铁的; 非铁的notorious 声名狼藉的, 恶名昭张的, 众人皆知的noxious 有害的,有毒的nucleophile 亲核基团,亲核试剂nucleophilic 亲核的; 亲质子的nuisance 滋扰物,恶感物,公害,损害numbness 麻木, 麻痹, 冻僵observance 遵守, 仪式, 惯例observe 观察, 遵守, 注意到obstruct 阻隔, 妨碍, 阻塞occlusion 闭合,闭塞,阻塞,牙合,咬合,牙合(面),咬合(面)octane (正)辛烷odor 气味,名誉,声誉optical 光学的,视力的,眼的,视觉的,旋光的ortho 正,原,邻,邻位,直的,正的,正常的outlet 出口,出路,通风口,通风孔,输出口,排出口(气、水等的),引出线,引出端,销路oxazole 噁唑,1,3-氧氮杂环戊烷oxidation 氧化(作用)oxide 氧化物oxidize 氧化oxime 肟oxychloride 氯氧化物paper clip 纸夹回形针paraparaffin 石蜡油,石蜡,石腊paramount 至上的,首要的paresthesia 感觉异常pass over 忽略; 死亡patent 开放的,未闭的,专利,首创pellet 片状沉淀物,片剂,丸,小丸,小糖丸,片,小片,弹丸剂pentachloride 五氯化物pentaerythritol 季戊四醇pentane 戊烷pentoxide 五氧化物pentyl ①戊基,②(pentobarbital sodium)戊巴比妥钠percutaneous 经皮的peroxide 过氧化物,超氧化物perpendicular 垂线,垂直,正交,垂直的,正交的pertain 属于,关于pertinent 相关的, 中肯的, 切题的pestle 研棒,缽杵,研杵,杵,乳棒petri dish 陪替培养皿,培养皿(微)petroleum ether 石油醚phenol 苯酚,石炭酸,酚,纯苯,安息油phenyl 苯基phosphine 磷化氢, 三氢化磷phosphorous 磷的,亚磷(的),含磷的phosphorus 磷pigment 色素, 颜料;pipet 吸量管,移液管pneumonia 肺炎pneumonitis 肺炎polarity 有两极, 磁性引力, 极性polarizability 偏振性,极化性,极化率,极化度,分极率polygon 多边形图,多边形polyphenol 多酚porcelain 瓷,瓷料,瓷器portion 段,部,部分,一份potassium 钾precaution 预警,预防,预防措施precede 位于…之前,在…这前进行precipitate 沉淀物,制备的,精制的,使沉淀preference 偏爱,优先,选择premature 早产儿,早熟的,过早的prescribe 开药方,开处方,建议primary 初级的,原发的,基本的,主要的,初期的prior to 先前的,在前,居先的priority 在先,在前,优先,优先项目,优先权prochiral 前不对称体的,前手性的propagation 繁殖,传播propane 丙烷propenyl 丙烯基propyl 丙烷基, 丙基protocol 诊断记录,记录,实验设计,备忘录,议定书,草案,试验计划书,会议记录,礼仪协议proton 质子protonate 质子化provided 假如,以…为条件prudent 谨慎的pungent 刺激性的,辣的purple 视紫质,紫色的,紫红pyran ①吡喃,②(pyran copolymer)吡喃复聚物,③(pyrazinamide)吡嗪酰胺[抗结核药] pyrex 派热克斯,耐热玻璃,硼硅酸玻璃pyridine 吡啶,氮(杂)苯pyrimidine 嘧啶,间二氮苯pyrrole 吡咯,氮茂quaternary 第四的,四元的,四价的,季的quench 淬火,淬炼,熄灭,聚冷quinoline 氮(杂)萘,喹啉quinone ①苯醌,②醌racemic (外)消旋的(化学),(外)消旋的,消旋体,总状花序的racemization （外)消旋作用radical 根,基,原子团,根本的rayon 人造丝,人造纤维,一种雷达干扰发射机reactivity 反应性readily 不迟疑地, 轻易地;迅速地; 容易地reagent 试剂,反应物rearrangement (基因)重排,重(新)排(列),重新布置recipe 食谱, 处方, 秘诀recommend 推荐, 介绍, 托付reductive 减少的, 还原的refraction 折光, 折射refractive 折射的,折光的,屈折的reliable 可靠的, 可信赖的render 报答, 提出, 致使repeat (基因)重复,反复,重现,复制,重复,背诵repetition 重复,反复,重现,复制品,副本,再发representative 代表的,典型的,代替,(有)代表性(的) reproduce 再生产,再现,复制repulsive 逐退的, 辞退的, 冷淡的; 可憎的, 讨厌的resonance 共振(现象),谐振,共鸣,回声,反响,中介现象resorcinol 间苯二酚,雷锁辛reversibility 可反转性,可逆性,可回溯性rinse 冲洗,漂(洗),冲洗剂,漱rod 竿, 笞鞭, 小枝rotatory 旋转的,转动的salicylate 水杨酸盐,水杨酸脂,水杨酸酯salicylic 水杨酰的,水杨酸基的sandal 凉鞋,便鞋,檀香[木]saponification 皂化(作用)scribble 潦草的写法, 潦草写成的东西, 杂文; secondary 第二的,第二位的,中级的,次级的,仲的,续发的shake 摇动, 震动;shatter 粉碎,打碎,破坏significant 显著的,有效的,有意义的,重要的silica 硅酸酐,二氧化硅silicone 硅酮,(聚)硅酮simmer 徐沸,慢沸,缓缦沸腾slacken 放松使松弛, 变弱slurry 膏剂,淤浆,泥浆,煤泥,粘合液,粘结剂,填充材料smother 使……喘不过气, 使……窒息snug 舒适的, 合身的;sodium 钠soln [=solution]凝固,固化solubility (可)溶性,可溶性,溶解度,溶解性solute 溶质spatter 飞沫,雾沫溅spatula 铲,药刀,软膏刀,匙形物,压舌板,刮铲,刮勺,匙突specify 叙述, 指定, 说明; 规定,指定,详细说明spectrum (复spectra)光谱,光系,波谱spherical 球的,球体的,球状的,球形的,球面的,天体的spill 流(血),倒(水),溢出,流出spillage 泄漏,泄漏量,溢出,溢出物spin 纺织, 旋转, 拉长spin 自旋,旋转,自转spinach 菠菜spinning 旋压纺织spirit 通过蒸馏得到的或易挥发的液体中的任何一种,如酒精,醑剂精神, 心灵, 人格; spiro 呼吸,螺旋stagger 蹒跚,犹豫,狐疑stereochemistry 立体化学steroid 甾(类),甾族(化合物),类固醇stick 粘住,棍棒,手杖,杆,棒,条,卡住,操纵杆,插于, 刺入, 竖起stiff 坚硬的, 严厉的, 呆板的still 蒸馏釜,蒸馏器静止的, 不动的, 静寂的仍然, 更, 静止地; 然而, 但是stillhead 蒸馏头stillpot 蒸馏釜,蒸馏锅stock 原种,砧木,贮存,储藏,原料,材料,株,家系,血统,家畜,种族,树干,茎梗,台,座,架,柄, stoichiometry 化学计量学,化学量论stopper 停影剂,塞子,塞(头),制动器,充填器,阀,阻塞物,塞住,制止strain 劳损,滤过,肌牵张过度,运动过度,株,系,过劳,肌用力过度,特种,品系,菌株,菌种,扭伤, stubborn 顽固的stupor 无感觉, 人事不省, 麻痹styrene 苯乙烯,苏合香烯subdivision 再分,细分,分部,小类sublimation 升华(作用),提高,纯化subsequent 后来的,继后的,后的substitution 取代,置换,代替,替换substrate 酶作用物,底物,基质,基层,附着层,基底物质,酶解物subtract 减去,扣除succession 演变,顺序性,连续性,继承性,系列,序列,系统,生长顺序,次序,演替,世系,连续suction 抽吸,吸取,吸力,吸引,吸出,进气,吸气,吸水管,吸,吸出suffice 满足……的需要,充分,足够sulfanilic 对氨基苯磺酸,磺胺酸sulfate 硫酸盐,硫酸酯,硫酸根(部分)sulfide 硫化物sulfonic 磺基的酸性硫酸基的sulfur 硫磺sulfuric 硫磺的; 含多量硫磺的sulfurous 硫磺的; 含有硫磺的supernatant 浮于上层的,浮于表层的,上层清液,上清液,上浮物,浮在表层的swirl 漩涡, 涡状形;symmetric 相称性的; 均衡的symmetrical 对称的,匀称的synergistic 协同的,协同作用的synopsis 概要,提要,说明书,梗概tabular 列表的,表格式的,平片状的,板状的taper 逐渐变细,逐渐减少,逐渐减弱,锥形,锥体,锥度,拔销,微光,渐尖的tarry 焦油状的,涂焦油的,煤胶物质的tautomer 互变异构体tautomerism 互变异构(现象)teflon [=tetrafluoro-ethylene resin]聚四氟乙烯树脂tentative 试验性质的,假定的,试验,推测,暂时的,试验的term 术语, 名词, 期限;termination 终止,结局,结束,终点ternary 三元的,三进制的tertiary 第三的,第三期的,特的,叔的(化学)tetrachloride 四氯化物thaw 溶化,融化,解冻thermocouple 热电偶,温差电偶thermodynamics 热力学thermometer 摄氏(celsius)温标,摄氏(celsius)温度计,温度计,体温表thiamine 硫胺素,维生素b1,硫胺(素),抗神经炎维生素thiazole 噻唑,1,3-硫氮杂茂thiophene 噻吩,硫(杂)茂[抗菌药]thiourea 硫脲,硫尿素threo 苏-,异边-tilt 倾斜,斜置tingtingle 有刺痛感,兴奋,激动tiny 很小的titrate 滴定,被滴定液,逐步滴加,逐步增高剂量,边增加边观察titration 滴定,滴定法toluene 甲苯toluene 甲苯(染料或火药的原料)tong 夹子torque 转矩,力矩,转力矩,扭(力)矩,扭转,偏振光面上的旋转效应transcript 转录物,转录本transition 跃迁,过渡,转变,临界trap 设圈套, 设陷阱, 自陷, 中断, 捕捉trial and error 试验与误差,反复试验tripod 三脚架,三脚台,三脚支撑物trough 谷,沟,槽tubing 管,管道,输液管,油管turbidity 浊度,混浊度混浊, 混乱turning 屑twist 扭,拧,绞,绞合,扭曲,弯曲,绞合器,捻转器,扭转uncrack 未裂开的, 无裂缝的undecane 十一烷undetected 未被发现的undue 不相称的,不适当的,过度的uniform 同样的,均匀的,一致的urea 尿素,氧化淀粉,脲,碳酰胺urination 排尿valence (原子)价,(化合)价,效价ventricular 室的,心室的,腹的,胃的verify .证实,验证versus 对……,与……比较vial 玻璃罐; 药水瓶;vicinal 邻位的,连位的,附近的vicinity 附近,邻近vigorous 强健的,有力的,旺盛的vinegar 醋,醋剂vinyl 乙烯基,乙烯树脂viscous 粘的, 有粘性的, 粘性的volumertric 体积计, 容积计waft 信号旗; 用信号旗打信号watch glass 表玻璃,表面玻璃watchword 口令, 标语, 口号with respect to 关于,就……而论withdraw 撤回, 取回, 撤退wobble 摆动, 动摇, 不稳定;wool 羊毛,绒棉,绒毛,棉花xanthophyll 叶黄素,叶黄质,叶黄二醇,胡萝卜醇yellowish 淡黄色的,浅黄色的yne 炔http://67.220.92.21/forum/register.phphttp://67.220.92.21/。
有机化学专业词汇
Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】（力婆非礼亲子）Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile['leibail]【不稳定的】（累白了）Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Azeotropic[әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】（一个零就热供沸）Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Ana logous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】（相同话的人）Pri mary ['praimәri]【伯-】最前Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogen o lysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】peri cyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】（围绕）transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homo lysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】（同）hetero lysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】（杂，异）homo geneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】hetero geneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Ste ric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】（死呆）Route [`raut]【路线】electro phile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】ch iral [`kairәl] 【手性的】nucleo philic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydro lysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acido lysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】di lute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】（洗两次）de hydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilat ion [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】lat-吹saponi fication [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】sapo=soap emulsi fication [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】add uct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dis solve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】开，分散de grad ation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】吓死race mic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】弱市米小，酸substit uent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】con juga tion [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】连接在一起，共轭equi valent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】vola tile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】找着钛会发suscept ible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】prote ase ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Im puritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare[tєә]【去皮】太恶去皮Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Con cent rate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Method ology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Pre cur sor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Re crystal lization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystal line ['kristәlain]【晶体】Di still ation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublim ation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infra red ['infrә'red]【红外】ultra violet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】iso tope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】（不同类型）iso mer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Trans formation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poison ed ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】流出Thin-layer-chromato graphy [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Prot ic ['prәutik]【质子的】Apro tic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】De compose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Re duce d [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vac uum ['vækjuәm]【真空】E limination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】（限制出）Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stop per ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser[kәn'densә]【冷凝管】（气体-液体，浓缩）Cham ber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】cham-小室Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evapor ation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】off，气体vac uum hose [hәuz]【真空管】吼诗-管sili con ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】深刻-水槽中下降neutral ize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glove box [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】misci ble ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Tritu ration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessi cator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichio metric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volum etric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】一客离谱失色Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantio selective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereo topic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regio selective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereo selectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitro sation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tauto mer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Con firm ation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equi librium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyro lysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozono lysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】medicinal药品,药物, 药的,药用的be split into 分成，分为pharmaceutical药学的，制药的，药品starting materialsynthetic, 合成的，人造的，；synthetics化学合成品, synthesis合成(法), semisynthetic, synthesize, syntheses alkaloid生物硷lead structure 先导结构intermediate 中间体isolation 分离natural source 天然来源enzyme 酶heart glycoside 强心苷steroid甾体precursor 前体organ/target organ 靶器官peptidehormone激素insulin pancreas 胰酶vaccine 疫苗polysaccharide 多糖serum 血清cholesterol胆固醇amino acidgelatine 胶质的hydrolysis水解/hydrolysate水解产物/hydrolyze水解hydroxylation antibiotic 抗生素，抗菌的antibody interferon 干扰素fermentation 发酵dextran 葡聚糖blactam natural producttherapy/therapeutic治疗的therapeutic margin caffeine咖啡因yeastmicrobiological mutant 突变体microorganism geneticmould 霉菌high performance bacterial proteinmucous membrane metabolism新陈代谢metabolite代谢物plasma血浆molecule /molecular weight food additive 食品添加剂organiclactic acid乳酸citric acid 柠檬酸penicillin penicilliumtetracycline derivative衍生物contamination污染sterile无菌的aerobic 需氧的oxygen carbon dioxide carbohydratestarch saccharide/ polysaccharide glucose葡萄糖nitrogenUrea Phosphate 磷酸盐optimal ammonium sulfate ammonia separate filtrate absorption extractionrecombinant 重组encode 编码purification chromatographic procedurecalcium regiospecific reaction区域专一性反应stereospecific reaction立体专一性反应isomerization/isomeric fructose 果糖countless test diagnose diagnosticanalysis/ analyst/ analytical/ analyze protease 蛋白酶Ingredientin combination with Digestion enymatic cleavageBy means of fumaric acid Bind immobilizeracemate /racemic acetyl heterogeneous catalysismedium ester registration compoundOrganometallic pyridine aromatic toluenexylene phenol recrystallization/crystal methanol/ethanolacetone ethyl acetate benzene/ chlorobenzene diethyl ethersodium hydroxide hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid nitric acidacetic acid potassium carbonate chlorine/ chloride iodine/iodidefluorine/ fluoride bromine/bromide impurity quality certificateGMP in large amount facility analogousInspection Hygienic be subjected to administer/administration biologic response biologic membrane to a large extent penetration 穿透spatial arrangement pharmacologic 药理学stereochemistry lipidthree-dimensional structure structure-activity relationship steric correlation parameter partition coefficient distribution fuctionconformation extraction optical isomerism/optical isomer enantiomorphic/ enantiomorph by no means tartaric acid Manually 手工地magnificationdrug design polarized light dextrorotatory levorotatory Clokwise countclockwise Antipode 正好相反的nonsuperimposable mirror image Coincide with glyceraldehyde Absolute literatureconfiguration crystallography asymmetric center accessisomeric enantiomer diastereoisomer atomic numberPriority magnification 夸大的solubility spatial 空间的sequence in vivo/in vitro receptor intravenous injection静脉注射be susceptible to敏感的With respect to contract SubstrateEpoxidation carcinogen oxidation /oxidase preparationpredominant species complex enzymes/isomerase异构酶permease透性dehydrase脱水没/dehydrogenase脱氢酶/decarboxylase/hydrolytic 水解Choline one out of every ten 十分之一clinical 临床的interaction excrete/excretionInversion Coordination Delay Efficacyin place相称的，合适的entity drug development attrition 消耗toxicity/toxic/ toxicology/ Anti-infectives Healthcare drug candidaterepro-toxicology/genotoxicity indication pharmacokinetics profileadverse formulary/formulation/formulor onsetdose/once a day dosing dosage/dosage form/overdosageregulatory interdependent subacute亚急性的/chronic clinical/preclinicalvital optimum/ optimize impurity pilot plantcritical path criteria update in paralleladequate stability potency dermal 皮肤的cardiovascular心血管的respiratory nervousconcurrently 同时label synergies 协同作用antagonizereversible/irreversible permissible lifespan diseasetumour inhaler capsule 胶南rodentfoetal 胎儿teratology 畸形学exposure patch 补丁set-up hazard On a large scale shelf-lifetannin 鞣酸caffeine In common vacuum fitration homogeneous gallic acid hydroxyl group esterifyphenolic precipitate non-hydrolyzable carboxyl groupacidic calcium carbonate chloroform flavonoiddistillation sublimation salicylic acid three neck round bottom flask separatory funnel steam bath distillation flask beakerrinse ozone ice water bath condenserheparin digestion Aside from fall intoProvide for as with Cation compendialBatch –to batch coagulation clot 血块decolorize anticoagulant precipitation methodologyextraneous intestinalmucosa casing nitrate proteolyticdegrade/ degradation peroxide antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombin 凝血酶platelet 血小板aggregation intratracheal parenteraltopical comatose relegate 降级tabletsyrup 糖浆suspension emulsion versusbreakage 破坏leakage chip cracktaste masking expiration Even partially portable Adsorbent 吸附剂be free of / be free from Preference 偏爱Burden 负担，负重，on standing 搁置microbiologic preservationdispense bioavailability systemic effects self-administration of medication motion sickness medical emergency sterile ophthalmic 眼的irrigate 冲洗mucous 粘液的abradeViable 能生长发育的，生存的Mucous menbrane Body compartment 体室，体腔Body cavity 洞Circumvent 围绕，包围，智胜，防止…发生，迂回Exceptionally 特殊地，异常地Wound受伤Vessel 管，脉管Specialized 专业的，专业性的By far 非常，更加Monograph专题文章，专题论文Stringent 严格的，严厉的Inclusive范围广的Gravimetric 重量分析法的Electrolytic 电介质的，电解的Conductivity 电导率Conductance 电导，电导性Immerse 将…浸入Electrode 电极Specific 比的Resistance Withstand 经受得住Stress 恶劣的Redictable 可预报的Reproducible 可重现的Necessary 必然的Solubilizers 加溶剂Chelate 螯合Excipient 赋型剂Ingredient 配料Medicinal agent Dispense 使分散，使疏开，配方（药）Ingenuity 独创性，精明Formulator Meager 贫乏的Continuance 持续pellet vehiclegravimetric instantaneous osmosis dissociatepyrogen 热原antioxidant buffer tonicityantifungal inhibitor antifoaming 消泡colligative extemporaneous specification preparation optimize accumulation availability delivery/ deliver peroralrelease sustain 保持gastrointestinal predefinecavity margin ionic/ion simulatedistinctly efficacy paddle intestinalinterval 时间间隔 a steady-state blood or tissue level resistanceelimination electrode/electrolytic conductivity/conductance blood vesselexcipient thermal viable disintegration 崩溃residence time accomplish maximum/maximize potentiate prescribe uniformity compliance specification 说明书physiologic agitation In the face of 面临Fluctuation 波动Deliberate 深思熟虑的Peroral 经口的Depot 仓库Repository 仓库Sustained release Sustained action prolonged action controlled release extended action，扩展反应timed release repository dosage forms Implicit固有的peak 峰dump 倾倒maintenance dose maintenance periodmethane, ethane, Propane, butane/tetrane, pentaneethylene, Propylene/propene, butylene, 1-pentenemethanol,ethanol/ethyl alcohol, Propanol/ propyl alcohol, Butanol/Butyl alcohol,calibrate 校准aseptic 防腐剂stoichiometry replenishment 补给tubular product yields circulate atomizediscrete 分离的reactant material transfer regeneration 再生reactant conversion deviate from 偏离viscosity 粘度1-pentanolexothermic endothermic 恒温的short-circuiting 短路laminar flowadiabatic 绝热的radial product yields well-stirred batch reactor reactor configuration semibatch reactor continous-flow stirred-tank reactorback-mixing返混cross-section 横截面pressue drop countercurrent 逆流packed-column rate-limiting step fluidized or fluid bed 流化床tubular reactor tubular plug-flow reactor batch operation turbulent 汹涌的trickle bed multiplicity in series 逐次的，串联的feed Cross－flow 错流，横向流Panel－bed 板式床reaction driving froces 反应驱动力Chain－terminating Hydraulic 水力学的mechanical seal 机械密封viscous 粘滞的Be prone to 倾向于, 易于Angular methyl group 角甲基 Alkylidene group 亚烷基 Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的] Phenyl group 苯基 Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基 Benzylic 苄型[的] Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团 Auxochrome 助色团 Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环 Common ring 普通环 Medium ring 中环 Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系 Spiro compound 螺环化合物 Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物 Conjugation 共轭 Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子 Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子 Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基 Radical ion 自由基离子 Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子 Isomerism异构[现象] Aci form酸式 Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学 Optical activity 光学活性 Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体 Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型 Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子 Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳 Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子 Homotopic 等位[的] Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型 Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性 Chiral 手性[的] Chiral center 手性中心 Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的] Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式 Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系 R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则 Symmetry factor 对称因素 Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称 Enantiomer 对映[异构]体 Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体 Anomer 端基[差向]异构体 Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体 Threo configuration 苏型构型 Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳 Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构 E isomer E异构体 Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体 Exo isomer 外型异构体 Prochirality 前手性 Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团 Re face Re面 Si face Si面 Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物 Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液 Conformation 构象Meso compound 内消旋化合物 Quasi recemate 准外消旋体 Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角 Rotamer 旋转异构体 Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象 Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象 Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象 Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象 Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应 Steric hindrance 位阻 Atropismer 阻转异构体 Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转 Chair conformation 椅型构象 Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象 Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象 Pseudorotation 假旋转 Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键 Equatorial bond 平[伏]键 Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象 Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性 Regiospecificity 区域专一性 Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性 Conformer 构象异构体 Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则 Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递 Homolog 同系物 Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位 Meta position 间位 Para position 对位 Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位 Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化 Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法 Delocalezed bond 离域键 Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物 Mesomeric effect 中介效应 Resonance 共振 Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭 Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭 No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性 Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流 Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性 Antiaromaticity 反芳香性 Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷 Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排 Conrotatory 顺旋 Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成 Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应 Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应 Mobius system 默比乌斯体系 Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键 Banana bond 香蕉键 Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度 Polarizability 可极化性 Inductive effect 诱导效应 Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应 tautomerism 互变异构 Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构 Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构 Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构 Ambident 两可[的] Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂 Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数 Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应 Conjugate base 共轭酸 Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度 Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物 Host 主体 Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应 Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应 Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制 Substrate 底物 Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体 Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说 Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用 Torsional effect 扭转效应 Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转 Eclipsing effect 重叠效应 Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力 Large angle strain大角张力 Transannular interaction跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力 I strain 内张力 F strain 前张力 B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应 Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转 Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转 Isoracemization 等消旋 Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除 Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理 Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair离子对 Carbocation碳正离子 Nonclassical carbocation非经典碳正离子 Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子 Carbenoid 卡宾体 Carbene 卡宾 Nitrene 氮宾 Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成 Electrophile 亲电体 Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则 Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成 Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代 Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代 Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团 Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团 Orinentation 取向 Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基 Ortho effect 邻位效应 Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应 Internal return 内返 Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应 Backside attack 背面进攻 Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体 Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化 Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应 Apofacial reaction 反面反应 Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子 Benzyne 苯炔 Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则 Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则 Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发 Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解 Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化 C- alkylation C-烷基化 O- alkylation O-烷基化 N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化 Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化 Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化 Ethylation 乙基化 Arylation 芳基化 Acylation 酰化 Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化 Carboxylation 羧基化 Amination 氨基化 Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代 Transamination 氨基交换 Hydroxylation 羟基化 acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化 Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化 Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化 Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化 Nitrosation 亚硝化 Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化 Desulfonation 脱磺酸基 Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化 Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化 Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化 Diazotization 重氮化 Diazo transfer 重氮基转移 Coupling reaction 偶联反应 Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应 1,4-addition 1，4-加成 Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚 Trimefization 三聚 Additive dimerization 加成二聚 sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化 Hydroboration 硼氢化 Oxyamination羟氨基化 Insertion插入 carbonylation羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化 Hydroacylation 加氢酰化 Oxo process 羰基合成 Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化 Homologization 同系化 Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化 Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成 Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应 Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成 Dipolar addition 偶极加成 - elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢 Deamination 脱氨基 Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成 Decarboxylation 脱羧 Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基 Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解 Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂 Fragmentation 碎裂 Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应 Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化 Transesterification 酯交换 Saponification 皂化 Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis乙醇解 Cyanomethylation氰甲基化Aminomethylation氨甲基化 Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化 Cholromethylation 氯甲基化 Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换 Enolization 烯醇化 Haloform reaction 卤仿反应 Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合 Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合 Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合 Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应 Spiroannulation 螺增环 Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化 Epoxidation 环氧化 Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化 Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧 Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化 Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化 Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化 Hydrogenolysis 氢解 Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移 Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原 Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化 Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚 Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫 Deselenization 脱硒 Mitallation 金属化 Lithiation 锂化 Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应] Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排 Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排 Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排 Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排 Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向 Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排 Anionotropy 负离子转移 Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排 Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排 Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化 Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁 photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化 Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物 Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物 Alkane 烷 Wax 蜡 Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯 Alkyen 炔 Acetylide 炔化物 Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸 Super acid 超酸 Diene 双烯 Triene 三烯 Allene 丙二烯 Enyne 烯炔Ccumulene 累积多烯 Diyne 二炔 Alkyl halide 卤代烷 Alcohol 醇 Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚 Epoxide 环氧化物 Cellosolve 溶纤剂 Crown ether 冠醚 Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺 Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物 Amine oxide 氧化胺 Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇 Sulfonic acid 磺酸 Sulfoxide 亚砜 Sulfone 砜 Aldehyde 醛 Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物 Ketone hydrate 酮水合物 Hemiacetal 半缩醛 Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇 Ketal 缩酮 Dithiane二噻烷 Aminal 缩醛胺 imine 亚胺 Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟 Aldimine 醛肟 Oxime 亚硝基化合物 aldoxime 硝酮 Hydrazone 腙 Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲 Cyanohydrin 羟腈 Pinacol 频哪醇 Enol 烯醇 Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯 Enamine 烯胺 Ynamine 炔胺 Mannich base 曼尼希碱 Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯 orthoester 原酸酯 Acyl halide 酰卤 Acyl fluoride 酰氟 Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴 Acyl iodide 酰碘 Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯 Perester 过酸酯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐 Ketene 乙烯酮 Peracid 过酸 Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈 Nitrile oxide 氧化腈 Isonitrile 异腈 Amide 酰胺 Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物 Hydrazide 酰肼 Acyl azide 酰叠氮 Amidine 脒 Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide酰腈 Carbon suboxide二氧化三碳 Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸 Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯 Urea 脲 Cyanamide 氨腈 Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺 Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯 Thiol acid 硫羰酸 Lactone 内酯 Lactol 内半缩醛 Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸 Zwitterions 两性离子 Inner salt 内盐 Betaine 甜菜碱 Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲 Peptide 肽 Glycol 二醇 Aldol 羟醛 Acyloin 偶姻 Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖 Ketose 酮糖 Furanose 呋喃糖 Pyranose 吡喃糖 Glycoside 糖苷 Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元 Saccharide 糖类 Oligosaccharide 寡糖 Polysaccharide 多糖 Alditol 糖醇 Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物 Cycloalkene 环烷 Spirane 环烯 Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物 Rotazane 螺桨烷 Catenane 轮烷 Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇 acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛 alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛 alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 alkoxy- 烷氧基 -amide 酰胺 amino- 氨基的 -amidine 脒 -amine 胺-ane 烷 anhydride 酐 anilino- 苯胺基 aquo- 含水的-ase 酶 -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔 azo- 偶氮 benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐 bis- 双 -borane 硼烷bromo- 溴 butyl 丁基 -carbinol 甲醇 carbonyl 羰基 -caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2 chloro- 氯代 cis- 顺式 condensed 缩合的、冷凝的 cyclo- 环 deca- 十deci 10-1 -dine 啶 dodeca- 十二-ene 烯 epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基 ethyl 乙基 fluoro- 氟代 -glycol 二醇hemi- 半 hendeca- 十一hepta- 七 heptadeca- 十七 hexa- 六 hexadeca- 十六 -hydrin 醇 hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基 hypo- 低级的，次 -ic 酸的，高价金属 -ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰 -imine 亚胺 iodine 碘iodo- 碘代 iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐 keto- 酮ketone 酮 -lactone 内酯 meta- 间，偏 methoxy- 甲氧基 methyl 甲基mono- ( mon-) 一，单 nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九 nonadeca- 十九octa- 八 octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的 -ol 醇-one 酮 ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属 oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物 -oxime 肟 oxo- 酮 oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰 para- 对位，仲 penta- 五 pentadeca- 十五 per- 高，过 petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基 pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多 quadri- 四 quinque- 五semi- 半 septi- 七 sesqui 一个半 sulfa- 磺胺 sym- 对称 syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 tetra- 四 tetradeca- 十四 tetrakis- 四个 thio- 硫代 trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三 thio- 硫代 trans- 反式，超，跨 tri- 三 trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一 unsym- 不对称的，偏位 -ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯） Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸） Adipic acid, （己二酸） Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯） Abietic acid （松香酸） Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇） Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯） -Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）βAdipic acid （脂肪酸） Butyl acetate（乙酸丁酯） Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚Sebacic acid, （癸二酸） Decanedioic acid癸二酸） Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸） Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚） Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑） -Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）α Salicylic acid (水杨酸) Iso-Propanol (异丙醇) Benzoic acid (苯甲酸) Ethanol (乙醇) Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸) Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸） Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸） Salicylamide （水杨酰胺） Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇） Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇） Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚） Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸） Citric acid （柠檬酸） Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸） Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇） -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯βtetrakis[Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮） Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇） Octanedioic acid （辛二酸） Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺] 2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑） Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸） Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸） Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷） 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯） 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮） Carbonic acid, （碳酸） Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸） Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇) Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯） Salicylic acid, （水杨酸） Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸） Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸） Acetic acid, （乙酸） Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇） Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚） Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚） Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇） Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇） Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺） Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）。
有机化学专业名词
化合物名称Oxygen ['ɔksidʒәn] 【氧】Nitrogen ['naitrәdʒәn] 【氮】Hydrogen ['haidrәudʒәn] 【氢】Urea ['juәriә]【尿素】Thiourea [ˏθaiәujuә'riә]【硫脲】Guanidine ['gwænәdi:n]【胍】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Furan ['fjuәræn]【呋喃】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzәul]【咪唑】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktәun]【内酯】Ether ['i:θә]【醚】Ester['estә]【脂】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bәu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】dichloromethane[daiˏklɔ:rә'meθein]【二氯甲烷】sulfone ['sʌlfәun] 【砜】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rәfɔ:m]【氯仿】acidify [ә'sidifai]【酸化】saturated ['sætʃәreitid]【饱和的】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bәnit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Ketone['ki:tәun]【酮】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Acetone ['æsitәun]【丙酮】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Petroleum [pi'trәuliәm] ether【石油醚】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】thiophene ['θaiәˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】Glycoside ['glaikәˏsaid]【糖苷】thionyl['θaiәnil] chloride【氯化亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfә]【硫】Proton ['prәutɔn]【质子】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rә'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】lithium ['liθiәm] 【锂】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjәm] 【铝】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】glycerol['glisәˏrɔl]； glycerin ['glisәrin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rә'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid]【乙酸酐】trifluoroacetate [traifluәrә'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjәm]sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】potassium[pә'tæsiәm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】halogen['hælәdʒәn]【卤素】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】fluorine['fluәri:n]【氟】fluorination[ˏflu:әri'neiʃәn]【氟代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃәn]【氯代】bromine['brәumi:n]【溴】bromination ['brәumineiʃәn]【溴代】iodine['aiәdain]【碘】iodination['aiәdineiʃәn]【碘代】linear['liniә]【直链的】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【磺化】chloromethylation[klɔ:rәˏmeθi'le iʃәn【氯甲基化】nitration[nai'treiʃәn]【硝化】reduction[ridʌkʃәn] 【还原】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃәn] 【氧化】chlorosulfonation[ˏklәurәˏsʌlfә'neiʃәn]【氯磺化】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ә)n]【烷基化】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ә)n] 【酰化作用】acrylic [ә'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】phosphorus ['fɔsfәrәs] 【磷】phosphorous ['fɔsfәrәs] tribromide[trai'brәumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuәrik] acid【浓硫酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】acid chloride【酰氯】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】amine[ә`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æmәunjә]【氨（水）】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Methanol ['meθәnɔl]【甲醇】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Ethanol ['eθәnɔl]【乙醇】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Triethylamine [traiˏeθәlә'mi:n]【三乙胺】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】hydrazine [`haidrәˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazide [`haidrәˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazone [`haidrәˏzәun]【腙】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】borane ['bәurein] 【硼烷】Sodium Hydrosulfite[ˏhaidrәu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiәu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】Olefin ['әulәfin]【烯烃】Acetylene [ә'setili:n]【乙炔】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Alkaline ['ælkәlain]【碱】Isocynate [aisәu'saiәneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】Isothiocynate[aisәuˏθaiәu'saiәneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Carbamate ['kɑ:bәmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Anisole ['æniˏsәul]【苯甲醚】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipәu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Molecular [mәu'lekjulә]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Cocaine[kә'kein]【可卡因】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligәu'sækәra id]【寡糖】Ortho-['ɔθә]【邻-，正-，原-】Meta-['metә]【间-, 偏-，次-】Para-['pærә]【对-，仲-，副-】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimәrai'zeiʃәn]【聚合】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】Selenium[si'li:niәm]【硒】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrәˏsɔni'ke iʃәn]【超声作用】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnәmaid】【磺酰胺】Sulfonyl['sʌlfәnil]chloride【磺酰氯】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Thiocyanate[θaiәu'saiәneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiәuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】Transesterification[trænsәsˏterәfi'keiʃәn]【酯互换】Intramolecular[ˏintrәmә'lekjulә]【分子内的】Intermolecular[ˏintә:mә'lekjulә]【分子间的】Orthoformate[ˏɔθә'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Esterification[esˏterifi'keiʃәn]【酯化】Zinc[ziŋk]【锌】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】Quaternisation[kwɔtәnai'seiʃәn]【季铵盐化】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】Carbanion ['kɑ:bәnaiәn]【碳负离子】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bә'keiʃәn]【碳正离子】Dipole['daipәul]【偶极】Electron rich【富电子】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】i-Propanol['prәupænәl]【异丙醇】n-Butanol['bjutәnәul]【正丁醇】benzoyl ['benzәuil] peroxide [pә'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】diazonium [ˏdaiә'zәuniәm]salt 【重氮盐】azomethane [ˏæzәu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】nitromethane [ˏnaitrә'meθein]【硝基甲烷】benzoic [ben'zәuik] acid 【苯甲酸】anthranilic [ænθ'rәnilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】cuprous ['kju:prәs] cyanide['saiәnaid]【氰化亚铜】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Brine [brain]【盐水】Triphenylphosphine[traiˏfenәl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Phenol ['fi:nәl]【苯酚】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃәn]【光照】Radical ['rædikәl] initiator[i'niʃieitә]【自由基引发剂】Decarboxylation[ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksә'leiʃәn]【脱羧】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】Triphosgene【三光气】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】cadmium ['kædmiәm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiәm] chloride【氯化钙】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Nickel ['nikl] 镍Palladium [pә'leidiәm]【钯】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bәnil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gәnәumi'tæl ik]【有机金属的】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksәli:n]【喹喔啉】quinoline ['kwinәli:n]【喹啉】isoquinoline【异喹啉】indole [' indәul]【吲哚】indazole ['indәzәul]【吲唑】carbazole ['kɑ:bәzәul]【咔唑】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrrole ['piәrәul]【吡咯】pyrolidine[pi'rәuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】piperazine [pi'perәzi:n]【哌嗪】一般专业辞汇Route [`raut]【线路】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement[ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培育基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis[ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反映】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous[ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous[ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反映物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反映）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反映）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方式学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active 【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization[aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation[ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography[ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰凉阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric[ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic[ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity[ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ]【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学词汇
有机化学专业英语词汇organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应-acetal 醛缩醇acetyl- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔。
有机化学词汇
Mitosis有丝分裂
Motility运动性
Numerous许多
Collagenprotein胶原蛋白
Extracellular matrix (ECM)细胞外基质
Signalling发信号
Anchored固定的
Integrinprotein整联蛋白
Fibronectinprotein纤连蛋白
Pinocytosis胞饮作用
Immune免疫的
Fertilized egg受精卵
Nutrients营养
Engulf吞噬
receptor mediated endocytosis
受体介导的(细胞)内摄作用
Catherin-coated pits网格蛋白小窝
Transformation转化
Anabolism合成代谢
Amphipathic两性分子的
Triacylglycerols三酰基甘油
Glycerol甘油
Lipids脂质
Steroids类固醇
Oligosaccharide低聚糖
Phospholipid bilayer磷脂双分子层
Hormone激素
Sequence序列
Amino acid氨基酸
Peptide bond肽键
Synthase合酶
Dense密集的
Fibre纤维
Crista/cristae(p)脊
Respiratory呼吸的
Cytoskeleton细胞骨架
Intermediate filament中间丝
Microtubules微管
Microfilament微丝
Flagella鞭毛
Cilia纤毛
Glycocalyx糖蛋白
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Dense密集的
Fibre纤维
Crista/cristae(p)脊
Respiratory呼吸的
Cytoskeleton细胞骨架
Intermediate filament中间丝
Microtubules微管
Microfilament微丝
Flagella鞭毛
Cilia纤毛
Glycocalyx糖蛋白
Thermodynamics热力学
Photosynthesis光合作用
Transform转化
Transfer转移
Entropy (S)熵
Disorder混乱
Temperature regulation体温调节
Amphipathic两性分子的
Triacylglycerols三酰基甘油
Glycerol甘油
Lipids脂质
Steroids类固醇
Oligosaccharide低聚糖
Phospholipid bilayer磷脂双分子层
Hormone激素
Sequence序列
Amino acid氨基酸
Peptide bond肽键
Proteoglycan蛋白聚糖
Intrinsic嵌入的
Embedded嵌入的
fluid mosaic moFra bibliotekel of membrane
Peripheral/extrinsic周围的、外在的
Membrane-spanning跨膜的
Aerobic cellular respiration细胞的有氧呼吸
Condensation synthesis缩聚合成
Dehydration synthesis脱水合成
Carbohydrate碳水化合物
Monosaccharide单糖
Polysaccharide多糖
Glycogen糖原
Cellulose纤维素
Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物
Saturated饱和的
Phosphate group磷酸基
Nucleic acid核酸
Nucleotide核苷酸
Ribonucleic acid RNA
Nitrogenous base含氮碱基
Transcription转录
Assembled组合的
Parallel平行的
Coil盘绕
Unicell单细胞
Cellular细胞的
Meiosis减数分裂
Mitosis有丝分裂
Motility运动性
Numerous许多
Collagenprotein胶原蛋白
Extracellular matrix (ECM)细胞外基质
Signalling发信号
Anchored固定的
Integrinprotein整联蛋白
Fibronectinprotein纤连蛋白
Selectively permeable membrane
Consume消耗
Aquaporin水通道
Equilibrium平衡状态
Kinetic energy动能
Osmosis渗透
Shrink萎缩
Pressurize增压
Facilitated促进
Adenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷
Catabolism分解代谢
Hydro Dam水力发电站
Electricity电流
Perspective透视
Mechanical机械的
Potential energy势能
Interconnected相互关联的
Conserve保持
Convert转化
Biochemical/Metabolic Pathway生化/代谢途径
有机化学词汇
Induction归纳法
Hypothesis假说
Deduction演绎
Refutation反驳
Atom原子
Electron电子
Proton质子
Ion离子
Hydrogen氢
Oxygen氧
Carbon碳
Covalent共价的
Orbital轨道
Property性质
Electronegativity负电性
Adhesion附着
Cohesion凝聚力
Hydrophilic亲水性的
Hydrophobic疏水的
Partial charge局部电荷
Repulsion排斥
Versatility多样性
Metabolism新陈代谢
Hydrolysis水解
Macromolecule高分子
Monomer单体
Polymer聚合体
Nucleus细胞核
Boundary分界线
Endomembrane system内膜系统
Nuclear envelope核膜
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)内质网
Compartmentalization划分
Golgi apparatus高尔基体
Plasma membrane (PM)细胞膜
Cytosol细胞质
Ribosome核糖体
Lumen内腔
Vesicles小囊泡
Fuse融合
Lysosome溶酶体
Hydrolytic水解的
Digestive消化的
Peroxisome过氧物酶体
Modify修饰
Mitochondrion/ mitochondria(p)线粒体
Flip-flop翻转运动
Integral完整的
Carrier载体
Flip翻转
Symport同向转运
Simultaneous同时的
Exocytosis胞外分泌
Microbe微生物
Ion pump离子泵
Cation阳离子
Antiport逆向转运
Reach out from伸展
Endocytosis内吞作用
Phagocytosis吞噬作用
Pinocytosis胞饮作用
Immune免疫的
Fertilized egg受精卵
Nutrients营养
Engulf吞噬
receptor mediated endocytosis
受体介导的(细胞)内摄作用
Catherin-coated pits网格蛋白小窝
Transformation转化
Anabolism合成代谢
Primary/ Tertiary/ Quaternary
Enzyme酶
Catalyze催化
Synthesize合成
Polypeptide多肽
Native conformation天然构象
Helix螺旋
Pleat打褶
Denaturation变性
Reversible可逆的
Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA
Microscope显微镜
Observation观察
Bacteria细菌
Archaea古生菌
Fungi真菌
Organelle细胞器
Prokaryote原核生物
Eukaryote真核生物
Chromosome染色体
Chromatin染色质
Prokaryotic原核的
Eukaryotic真核的
Chromatid染色单体