四级模拟试卷三及详解答案

四级考前最新命制试卷三Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Tide of Immigration following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1. 近年来越来越多的人移民国外2. 出现这一现象的原因3. 我对这一现象的看法和建议On the Tide of Immigration________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions onD). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Overworked, Networked FamilyBring up work-and-family balance at a neighbor’s barbecue, and the conversation immediately t urns toward tales of rushing out of meetings at breakneck (飞快的) speed to shuttle the kids to soccer practice or struggling to tear ourselves away for a decent vacation. Complaints about time pressure are so common that they have become a common cultural vocabulary. Everybody, it seems, is stressed out about time, and achieving “balance” has become the Holy Grail (圣杯) of middle-class family life.But maybe balance is the wrong image. Instead, think transformation. Just as businesses are shifting from Industrial Age to networks, so, too, is the American family undergoing a parallel social revolution. Parents and children are no longer on the same schedule — unlike the way things were a generation ago. With many educated mothers and fathers working longer hours, they are linked to their kids by a web of cell phones and e-mails.At the same time, kids are taking the initiative to pursue more activities and are using information technologies to nurture their own electronic networks of relationships, from friends at school to cousins in distant cities.The networked economy is leading to far different standards and expectations of what it means to be a parent and a child. It’s not simple enough for the young to get an education. Instead, the goal is to raise children to be creative and adaptable, able both to compete successfully and to collaborate with their peers from all over the world. “We have an economy whose functioning depends for the first time on the enhancement of human capability,” says Richard Florida, professor of public policy at George Mason University in Fairfax, Va.How can the typical overworked white-collar American —bombarded(轰炸) by e-mails, troubled with late-night meetings, and confronted with unexpected business trips — at the same time manage at high speed and cope with the new challenges at home? Gradually, a new body of shared rules-of-thumb (经验做法) is emerging, passed along at playgrounds and in offices. Among them: transform technology from an oppressor into a liberator.Others have mastered the art of interweaving work obligations and home life in a way that was not possible before, answering an e-mail from work one minute and helping with homework the next. And the younger members of the family — already far more sophisticated at multitasking and networking than their parents — are getting a chance to see what approaches work and what falls flat.Historically, the organization of the family has mirrored, to some degree, the organization of the workplace. Take the classic middle-class family of the 1950s and ‘60s, the “Golden Age” economy of stro ng productivity growth and abundant gains in real wages. With a secure corporate job, Dad could afford to work not much more than 40 hours a week and Mom could stay at home to raise the children. The family of that era did many things together. The classic example is eating dinner every evening at the kitchen table. The kids also followed their parents when Mom and Dad visited friends. In essence, a family acted like a single unit, with a hierarchy (等级制度) that mirrored the top-down management of factories or large industrial organizations of the day.Fast-forward to the 2000s. Today, both Mom and Dad are more likely to have careers. The combined workweek of a husband and wife in their prime working years with children is 68 hours, up from 59 hours in 1979, according to calculations by the Economic Policy Institute. The better educated the couple, the more hours they put in. At theof being outsourced to foreign countries. Instead, what’s left are the more complicated and creative tasks that can’t be easily reduced to a set of instructions.At home, standards for a healthy, emotionally rich family life are a lot higher than they used to be. Schedules during “leisure hours” are filled with music lessons and play dates for the kids, exercise classes for Mom, and occasional golf times for Dad. Parents are aware that colleges and universities look more favorably on high school students with a demonstrated ability to do many things well, not unlike the skills they will need in the workplace.To achieve these goals, families are learning to turn technology to their advantage. Many time-pressed workers now realize that technology creates greater possibilities for busy families to stay in touch and, at the same time, increase family time. When Ruder went to the work on Saturdays and Sundays, he doesn’t long for “the good old days”. “Because of technology, I probably spend more time working on the weekend now, but it’s easier on me because I can work at home, then take a run, and go out to brunch with friends,” he says.But just as excessive e-mails and conference calls fill up time on the job, there’s te mptation to use the technology to stuff too much in at home as well. Other busy people have found that it’s important to maintain fairly strict boundaries between work and home.It’s important to note that there’s no one-size-fit-all solution for the problem of reconciling long hours at work with a healthy family life. What’s more, individuals can accomplish only so much acting on their own. Schools and other major community institutions still behave as though the 40-hour workweek were the rule rather than the exception. And corporations are still loading new responsibilities and commitments onto managers and professionals, without taking away any of the old ones. Nevertheless, what’s fascinating about the current focus on managing work and family time is th at it’s rooted in an abundance of possibilities. Through trial and error, with many troubles along the way, the networked family is starting to figure out how to take advantage of the many opportunities available today. And that’s progress.1. We learn from the first paragraph that ______.A) middle-class families take achieving balance as the Holy GrailB) time pressure makes it hard for people to balance work and familyC) people are too busy to share the interesting things in their life with each otherD) complaints about time pressure have become ever more common among people2. According to the passage, one aim of the networked economy is to ______.A) make children creative and adaptableB) let children get the best education in their lifeC) raise children to be imaginative and independentD) get children to compete with their peers3. According to Richard Florida, what determines the operation of our economy?A) The transforming of businesses. C) The pursuing of more new knowledge.B) The using of information technologies. D) The strengthening of human capability.4. One approach the typical overworked white-collar American use to cope with the new challenges at home is toA) give up some extra work obligationsB) spend as much time with families as possibleC) change the role technology plays in their lifeD) discuss with others to get solutions5. What is the typical example of the things families did together in the “Golden Age”?A) Always playing games together. C) Taking a walk together every evening.B) Always going to cinema together. D) Having dinner together every evening.6. In the 21st century, the amount of time parents put in companying their children depends on ______.A) parents’ educa tion level C) children’s academic recordB) parents’ working location D) children’s age7. Parents realize that to gain skills to be needed in the workplace, high school students should to go ______.A) Companies and schools. C) Foreign countries.B) Colleges and universities. D) Offices and schools.8. Today, many time-pressed workers realize that ______________________________ can increase family time.9. As people spend more time working at home, some busy people find it important to keep ____________________ ____________ between work and home.10. According to the passage, today’s managers and professionals are undertaking more _______________________from companies.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you mustread the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She is told to give up the apartment. C) She is still looking for an apartment.B) She doesn’t plan to move. D) She wants to move out of the dorm.12. A) Mary wanted to invite the man to dinner.B) Mary planned to see the man next year.C) Mary didn’t want to have a dinner with the man.D) Mary hoped to come for dinner next time.13. A) New York. B) Denver. C) Phoenix. D) Chicago.14. A) Jim is at a meeting now. C) Jim will take his girlfriend to the meeting.B) Jim will attend the meeting later. D) Jim is with his girlfriend now.15. A) Ask the woman to be his coach.B) Have a talk with the account director.C) Do the health and fitness training program.D) Talk about fitness with the woman in detail.16. A) Pay a visit to the man. C) Make a distance call to the man.B) Ask for some advice from the man. D) Invite the man to have a dinner.17. A) Try it on. C) Hammer a nail with it.B) Throw it away. D) Exchange it for a hammer.18. A) He likes the current temperature. C) He likes cooking food.B) He wishes the weather would get warmer. D) He thinks he will like the food.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She is not sure how to use a credit card.B) She doesn’t know how to fix her faucet.C) She is not sure which credit card to choose.D) She is not sure whether to get a credit card or not.20. A) She can keep track of her finances.B) She will know how much she can overdraw.C) She is charged nothing until that date onwards.D) She will be charged at a higher rate after the grace period.21. A) Compare a range of options.B) Find out more from research.C) Find out more by talking to the bank staff.D) Take some time before actually making a decision.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) To school. C) To the science museum.B) To the dentist’s. D) To Julie’s house.23. A) 12:30 p.m. B) 1:30 p.m. C) 2:00 p.m. D) 7:00 p.m.24. A) Clean the dishes. C) Call a friend.B) Play soccer with her brother. D) Help Julie with her science project.25. A) The video machine doesn’t work.B) They have seen all the videos in her house.C) Susan has lent the video machine to a friend.D) Susan’s mother is going to use the video machine.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) What they are most worried about.B) How much exercise they get every day.C) What entertainment they are interested in.D) How long their parents accompany them daily.27. A) Have more activities. C) Receive early education.B) Have regular checkups. D) Get enough entertainment.28. A) They should have no TV sets. C) They should be near a common area.B) They should be no place for play. D) They should have a computer for study.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) How to develop a child’s initiative.B) How to accumulate an amount of pocket money.C) How to teach a child to save money30. A) It should not include entertainment expenditures.B) It should only include everyday expenses.C) It’s better to be given in line with that of his friends.D) It’s better to be given as less as possible.31. A) Children should be given more allowance when they behave well in school.B) Children should not be paid when they help do daily chores.C) Paying children for getting a high mark in school can develop their initiative.D) Allowance should not be ti ed directly to children’s housework.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Accidents and war. C) Accidents and aging.B) Diseases and aging. D) Heart disease and war.33. A) Medicine. C) The Internet.B) Brain cells. D) Human organs.34. A) Heart disease will be far away from us.B) Human brains can decide the final death.C) The basic materials of cells will last forever.D) Human organs can be repaired by new medicine.35. A) Human life will not last more than 120 years in the future.B) Humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now.C) Much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life.D) We have already solved the technical problems in building new cells.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you arerequired to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, youcan either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Pocket electronic dictionaries, popular with students, are raising (36) _______ among local educators. Used (37)_______ in price from several hundred yuan to several thousand, depending on the functions “The electronic dictionary lightens both my school bag and my work (39) _______,”said a middle school student. “Most of my classmates use electronic dictionaries for the (40) _______.” he said.Even some teachers (41) _______ electronic dictionaries. “Electronic dictionaries often allow students to read more,” said an English teacher. “they prefer to look up words they don’t understand without having to (42) _______ through a dictionary. They often find ordinary dictionaries are too complicated.”However, educators have expressed some concerns about the (43) risks of allowing students to useunder way in health care systems around the country. For example:Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are 50 paper records. While many still experience the 51 of a paper-driven system that is only slightly more sophisticated than black-and-white reruns of Marcus Welby, M.D., EHRs give leading health care providers a complete and accurate medical history as well as links to practice guidelines and best practices. Doctors can access a wide range of tools that support 52 , care management and compliance (遵循) with protocols (方案).pharmacy(药房) to patient. It’s not just about sending a prescription electronically to ensure legibility. A good e-Prescrib ing system automatically flags potentially harmful drug interactions and checks a health Plan’s reimbursement (偿还) schedule to 54 costs for patients.Personal Health Records (PHRs) are patient-owned and 55 electronic health records that allow people to store, access and coordinate their complete health history and make 56 parts available to those who need it. The key here is that individuals are in control of their own information.extreme than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority ofpenalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence (巧合). It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murders. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed(否决), innocent people will be murdered —some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected.57. The principle purpose of this passage is to ______.A) initiate a veto C) criticize the governmentB) speak for the majority D) argue for the value of the death penalty58. The author’s response to those who urge the death penalty for all degrees of murder would most likely be______ .A) friendly B) hostile C) negative D) supportive59. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that the author thinks that ______ .A) the second type murders should be sentenced to deathB) the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debatedC) the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importanceD) the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States today60. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between ______.A) executions and murdersB) the effects of execution and the effects of isolationC) the murder rate and the importance of the death penaltyD) the importance of equal rights and that of the death penalty61. The author’s attitude towards death penalty is ______.A) opposing B) supporting C) neutral D) sarcasticPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Many are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can beenergy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient home, building and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environment. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, GreenPeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management circuits and computer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment.Wireless sensor networks deployed in our offices and home will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment.62. Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they ______.A) require automatic rechargingB) are difficult and costly to maintainC) have to be replaced from time to timeD) contain metals that pollute the environment63. Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that ______.A) their maintenance has been greatly simplifiedB) there is energy in the environment to be utilizedC) the cost of using them has been drastically reducedD) modern data communication consumes little energy64. According to the passage, GreenPeak ______.A) supplies batteries operating on harvested energyB) benefits handsomely from communication technologyC) promotes the application of wireless sensor networksD) is the first company to install wireless sensor networks65. The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the ______.A) replacement of batteries in harvestersB) elimination of batteries in sensor networksC) impact of sensor networks on power supplyD) monitoring of energy harvested from the environment66. Wireless sensor networks promise to ______.A) bring businesses high profits C) turn motion into a major source of energyB) further develop the sensing technology D) improve the daily lives of people worldwideasthe75One study saw participants follow one of the tips to see 76 effective it was. Participants then took the advice offered —such as watching an upbeat (积极乐观的) film — often 77 too hard on trying to improve their 78 rather than letting it lift naturally. 76. A) what C) whateverB) however D) how77. A) attracted C) concentratedB) drawn D) absorbed78. A) temper C) mindB) passion D) moodThis 79 that by the time the film had ended, they often felt angry and 80 by the advice given, putting them in a far worse mood than when they had started watching. 81 , results of the study, published in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science, 82 that the key to true happiness was much more simple: 83 relationships with friends and family members. The strongest predictor of happiness is not money, 84 external recognition through success or fame. It’s having worthwhile social relationships. That means the best 85 to increase your happiness is to stop worrying about being happy and instead pour your energy 86 nurturing the social bonds you have with other people. 79. A) assumed C) supposedB) meant D) hoped80. A) blamed C) discouragedB) provoked D) cheated81. A) However C) ThereforeB) Moreover D) Otherwise82. A) exposed C) imposedB) disposed D) proposed83. A) initial C) radicalB) meaningful D) truthful84. A) nor C) orB) and D) but85. A) way C) processB) method D) form86. A) to C) intoB) over D) byPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.87. We lost our way in that small village, _________________________________ (否则我们就参观更多的名胜古迹了) yesterday.88. Only after Mary read her composition the second time _________________________________(她才注意到拼写错误).89. In order to find the missing child, villagers _________________________________(在过去的五个小时里，一直在尽最大努力).90. _________________________________(到你读完这本书的时候), your meal has got cold.91.Film has a much shorter history, especially when _________________________________(与音乐和绘画比起).四级考前最新命制试卷三参考答案及录音文本参考答案Part I Writing【参考范文一】【参考范文二】Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. B)2. A)3. D)4. C)5. D)6. A)7. B)8. technology9. fairly strict boundaries10. responsibilities and commitmentsPart III Listening Comprehension11. B)12. D)13. C)14. D)15. B)16. A)17. C)18. D)19. C)20. D)23. C)24. A)25. A)26. C)27. A)28. A)29. D)30. C)31. D)32. B)33. A)34. D)35. C)36. concern37. primarily38. range39. load40. convenience41. defend42. leaf43. potential44. The definitions are simplified and somewhat unclear compared with those in ordinary print dictionaries45. Most of these devices do not include sample sentences which are of vital importance46. but he was not sure of its meaning, then he looked it up in a cheap dictionaryPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. J)48. A)49. C)50. F)51. M)52. D)53. O)54. K)55. H)56. B)57. D)58. C)61. B)62. C)63. B)64. C)65. B)66. D)Part V Cloze67. C)68. B)69. A)70. B)71. D)72. A)73. C)74. B)75. D)76. D)77. C)78. D)79. B)80. D)81. A)82. A)83. B)84. C)85. A)86. C)Part VI Translation87. otherwise we would have visited more places of interest88. did she notice the spelling mistake89. have been doing all they can / their best over the past five hours90. By the time you have finished this book91. compared to music and painting。