非谓语动词用法精讲完整版
非谓语动词的用法总结
非谓语动词的用法总结动词不定式(一) 时态1. 一般式动词不定式的一般式表示与谓语动词同时或之后的行为。
如: I want to have a restI plan to attend the meeting 2. 完成式不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的行为。
如:I ’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3进展式不定式的动作假如同谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生那么使用不定式的进展式。
如: They seemed to be talking about something important. 4. 完成进展式不定式的完成进展式表示在谓语动词之前已经发生,并且一直进展着的动作。
如: He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. 〔二〕动词不定式用法:1. 作主语To master English gives us much help in the study of science 2. 作宾语I want to leave here soon. He pretended to be a doctor. 3. 作表语The most important thing is to study hard. 4. 作宾语补足语不定式作定语必须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。
I have no time to talk with her. 6. 作状语不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
I came here to learn from you ( 目的) I ’m very glad to heard the news。
〔原因〕 He is old enough to go to school.(结果) To look at him ,you can’t help laughing.Notes:7. 不定式的复合构造。
非谓语动词用法精讲ppt
不定式的时态和语态
时态
不定式可以表示将来、现在或过去的时间,如to do(将要做),to be doing( 正在做),to have done(已o be done(将被做),to have been done(已 经被做)。
不定式的功能和用法
功能
不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分,用 于表示目的、结果、条件等。
非谓语动词用法精讲
汇报人:可编辑 2023-12-24
• 非谓语动词概述 • 不定式 • 动名词 • 分词 • 非谓语动词的独立用法
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非谓语动词概述
非谓语动词的定义
定义
非谓语动词是除谓语动词之外, 在句子中起动词作用的词,包括 不定式、动名词和分词。
作用
非谓语动词可以作为句子的谓语 、宾语、状语、定语等成分,使 句子更加丰富和多样化。
分词的功能和用法
功能
分词可以作为定语、表语、补足语和状语等 成分,修饰名词、补充说明主语的状况或动 作以及表示时间、条件、方式或伴随等关系 。
用法
在句子中正确使用分词可以使句子更加简洁 明了,增强句子的表达力和逻辑性。使用分 词时需要注意分词与主句的主谓关系,以及 分词与其他词语的搭配关系。
05
详细描述
非谓语动词作定语时,还可以表 示某个动作的目的或结果,如 "The building designed by the famous architect is very unique."(那位著名建筑师设计 的建筑非常独特)。
非谓语动词作状语
总结词
非谓语动词可以作为状语,表示时间、条件 、让步等关系。
非谓语动词作宾语时,通常放在句末 ,表示句子中的主要动作或状态,如 "I enjoy reading books."(我喜欢读 书)。
(完整版)初中英语非谓语动词讲解
(完整版)初中英语⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解⾮谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词,分两种。
⼀是动词不定式。
⼆是动词ing形式。
1)作主语To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well.[说明]动词不定式作主语时,往往⽤it作形式主语,这种句型可归纳为下⾯的句型:e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表⽰的动作执⾏者,可以⽤for+sb.e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.2)作表语(表语⽤来说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing形式、不定式、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后。
)e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.3)作宾语或者宾语补⾜语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.e.g. He told me to be here on time.4)作定语:e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.5)作状语:e.g. He stopped to have a look.[说明] 动词不定式的否定形式:not + to + 动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连⽤:疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后⾯可以按动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.(2) How to use the machine is a question.(3) The question is when to go there.3、省去了to 的动词不定式1)let, have, make+do2)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。
非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版) (共133张PPT)
give us a lecture. 昨天来的教授将要给我们作一个讲座。
The man coming here yesterday is a pianist. × The man who came here yesterday is a pianist. √
入不敷出。
a. 前置定语
单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的
名词之前,作前置定语。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
All the broken doors and windows have
been repaired.
所有的坏门窗都修好了。
When we arrived, we each were given a
fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded
D. having recorded
③. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all
expenses _________ vacation to China.
和状语等成分。语态:必须搞清逻辑主语与非
谓语动词的关系,从而来确定非谓语动词的语
态。
精品PPT
分词
(一)现在分词与过去分词的区别 1、在语态上,现在分词表示主动,而过去分词
2、在时间关系上,现在分词表示动作正在进行, 过去分词指动作已完成 developing countries, developed countries
非谓语动词用法详细讲解
⾮谓语动词⽤法详细讲解⾮谓语动词⽤法详解动词的⾮谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词(⼀)不定式不定式由“to⼗动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do ” ?不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有⼈称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化?不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语?不定式的逻辑主语有时⽤“for⼗名词或代词宾格”构成.1 ?不定式的⽤法:1)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,⽤it作形式主语?例如:To see is to believe .It is right to give up smok ing2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补⾜语。
往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补⾜语之后,⽽⽤it作形式宾语.例如:He wan ted to go .I find it interesting to study work with him.3)作宾语补⾜语.例如:He asked me to do the work with him.注意 :在feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice, observe,see,watch,have, let,make等词后的补⾜语中,不定式不带to.但是这些句⼦如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to.例如I ofte n hear him sing the songHe is ofte n heard to sing the song注意:不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后⾯时,如果这些介词之前有⾏为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.⼥⼝:She could do nothing but cry.What do you like to do besides swim?I have no choice but to go .动词help之后,带to或不带to都可以。
(完整版)高中英语非谓语动词详解
第二讲非谓语动词教学重点1,非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别;2,非谓语动词的各种形式和应用;3,非谓语动词的考点解析。
一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1.谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
如:Miss Mary teaches us English . 玛丽教我们英语。
(teaches是谓语动词。
)Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk不定式作状语)2.谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
如:Tom likes the pop music. 汤姆喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用第三人称单数形式)Tom has nothing to do today. 汤姆今天没有什么事要做。
(do用原形)二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其动能和形式如下:非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式;表语是动名词,主语也是动名词。
如:To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如:It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构:动词不定式的复合结构有两种:It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。
非谓语动词用法精讲
C 动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾 语。
1 能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类,一类是 只能用动词-ing形式作宾语,另一类是既可用动词-ing形 式作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语。
①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词(这类动词只能用-ing形式作 宾语,不能用不定式作宾语。)
提 示
应尽量避免接连出现两上动词-ing形式。
I am starting to learn Russian. (√)
I am starting learning Russian.
.
有些动词或词组后可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义 上有所不同。
come to do 表示一个渐渐发展的过程 I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one another. come doing 表示陪衬性的动作 It was already two o'clock when she came hurrying in. go on to do 做完一件事后,接下去做另外一件事 Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit. go on doing 继续做同一件事。 Though it was raining heavily, they went on working.
.
动词-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式表示的动作 的承受者。
The question being discussed is very important. I can't stand being kept waiting. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library.
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解及练习
非谓语动词【非谓语动词】构成:(to)+动词原形动词不定式非在句中的作用(除谓语动词外的任何成分)谓构成:V.-ing语动名词动用法(主、宾、表、定)词构成:V. -ing / V.-ed(规则变化)分词用法(表、补、定、状)(一)动名词一、动名词的构成:动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成二、动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对你的健康有害。
谓语动词用单数形式。
宾语动词宾语介词宾语I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。
Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。
表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。
表语His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多数情况下,动名词作表语可转化成作主语。
定语She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。
We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。
只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。
置于所修饰词之前。
注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。
我们初中阶段常见的有:finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem(in), spend...(in), feel like, be used to(习惯于), give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can't help。
我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。
完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)(二)动词不定式一、动词不定时的构成不定时的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。
(完整版)非谓语的用法总结
非谓语动词的用法总结李靖非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语。
但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。
不定式表目的,表将来;动名词表主动,表进行;过去分词表被动,表完成。
一.作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数)1)不定式、动名词都可做主语,但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作,可以是多次的经常的行为;不定式多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作。
如:Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。
(泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。
2)用动名词做主语的句型:It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做。
.。
.没有用处/好处/乐趣It’s a waste of time doing sth 做。
.。
浪费时间It is worth doing sth 值得做某事It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。
3)不定式做主语的句型.It is + adj +for sb to do sth.比较:表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现时。
It is silly of you to say so。
It is important for us to learn English well.It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language.4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。
完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解
完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解Non-Finite XXXNon-finite verbs are verb forms that do not n as predicates。
When there is already a predicate verb in the sentence。
XXX filled in can only be in non-finite form.There are three types of non-finite verb forms: 1.Infinitive: to do 2.Gerund: doing 3.Past participle: done.XXX: Infinitive: expresses purpose and future。
Gerund: expresses active and ongoing。
Past participle: XXX.Non-finite verbs can be used in the active or passive voice。
The active voice is expressed in the simple form。
while the passive voice XXX progressive form.To make a non-finite verb negative。
add "not" or "never" before the verb。
For example。
"not/never to do" or "not/never doing."Non-finite verb structures can be complex。
For example。
the infinitive XXX with "for/of sb。
to do sth." The gerund XXX。
完整版完整版高中英语非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词非谓语动词包含不定式 (to do) 、动名词 (-ing) 、此刻分词 (-ing) 与过去分词 (- ed)。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制,在句子中不可以充任谓语,但能够充任句子的其余成分,并且有时态和语态的变化。
形式动词不定式动名词 (doing)此刻分词 (doing)过去分词 (done)对照项目(to do)相当于名词、形相当于名词,指常常性、相当于形容词、副词,相当于形容词、副词,自己意义容词、副词,往习惯性的动作常常有此刻意味兼有被动、达成意义往有未来意味主语、宾语、表主语、宾语、表语、定表语、宾补、定语、状充任句子成分语、宾补、定语、表语、宾补、定语、状语语语状语主动一般式to do doing doing done被动式to be done being done being done形式to have done having done having done主动达成式被动达成式to have been done having been done having been done否认式在上述各样非谓语动词形式以前直接加not动词不定式定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不可以独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特色,能够有自己的宾语和状语。
主动形式被动形式一般式to doto be done达成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing无达成进行式to have been doing无一、不定式的意义1. 不定式的一般式:一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或以后。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的蒙受者时,不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).eg: He seemed to be tired.The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2.不定式的进行式:进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语的动作同时发生。
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
英语 非谓语动词 用法 讲解 知识点总结 完整版 最全 归纳 专项
非谓语动词定义不做句子的谓语,而是充当其他语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
分为三种:不定式(Infinitive),分词(Participles),动名词(Gerund)。
一、非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别谓语动词的作用明确而单一,非谓语动词的作用丰富:1.非谓语动词作名词词性(不定式和动名词)Your duty is to look after the children. 你的工作是照看好孩子。
Complaining is no use. 抱怨是没有用的。
2. 非谓语动词做形容词词性(分词、不定式和动名词)The vase is broken. 那个花瓶破了。
He is a nice person to work with. 他是一个很好共事的人。
We found the story amusing. 我们发现这个故事很有意思。
3. 非谓语动词做副词词性(不定式和分词)They are working hard to win still greater victory. 他们在努力工作争取更大的胜利。
The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二、非谓语动词的用法A 不定式(to do)在非谓语动词中,不定式的用法最广泛。
它在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和主语补足语或宾语补足语。
也就是说,不定式可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分。
1. 做主语To say something is one thing, to do it is another. 说是一码事,干是另一码事。
* 注:形式主语it,当不定式做主语时,特别是当主语较长而谓语较短时,常用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在谓语的后面。
此种用法在日常英语中尤为常见。
It is not fair to blame them for the accident. 把这次事故归咎于他们是不公平的。
但是,当主语和表语都是不定式时,不能用形式主语代替动词不定式。
(完整版)高中英语语法知识点详解:非谓语动词用法
高中英语语法知识点详解:非谓语动词用法非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语,但保留动词的某些特征(如有自己的宾语或状语等)的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括:动词不定式、动名词形式、和分词形式三类.注意:非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,但却有时态和语态的变化,在句中可以作除谓语之外的各种成分.I 不定式两种形式:一种是带to的不定式;一种是不带to的不定式。
不定式的构成形式1.不定式的一般式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生,动作通常时间性不强。
To talk with him is a great pleasure.和他谈话是一件愉快的事。
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.我们的计划是在两周内完成这项工作.2.不定式的进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行。
The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in。
老师进来时,孩子们假装在大声朗读。
I happened to be watching TV when she called.她打电话来时,我恰巧正在看电视。
3.不定式的完成式:不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,强调动作的先后顺序。
I am very sorry to have troubled you with so much questions.问了你很多问题,打扰你了。
She is said to have studied abroad last year。
据说去年他在国外学习过.4.不定式的完成进行式:表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作的时间之前,一直在进行。
They suspected us to have been quarreling。
他们怀疑我们刚刚吵过架.We are glad to have been working with you。
非谓语用法总结-高考完整版
非谓语动词总结(高考完整版)一、非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
老师进来时,她假装正在读书。
④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)eg: The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。
⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)eg:The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。
⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)eg: She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。
(2)动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)eg: Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
②被动式:being done(表示被动)eg: Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.弗雷迪和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。
③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)eg: I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。
④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)eg: Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。
非谓语动词语法详解
非谓语动词语法详解.一.主语.1. 动名词和不定式作主语时,都可以用it 作形式主语,构成句型:it +be +表语+to do /doing sth. 当用作表语的是important , essential, necessary , unnecessary, possible, impossible, easy , difficult 等表示客观情况的形容词时,常用不定式作主语;当用作表语的是no use, no good, useful, useless, worth, worth while, a waste of time 等表主观短语时,常用动名词作主语。
Eg: it is important for us students to learn english well.It is impossible for them to finish the work within two hours.It is no use arguing with him about the matter.I don’t think it’s much good writing to him.It’s a waste of time trying to persuade her to agree.2.动名词短语作主语时表示抽象动作,通常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;不定式作主语表示具体动作,往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
Eg: lying is wrong. (泛指)To lies is wrong. (特指)It’s no use crying over split milk.He realized that it was no use to go on like this.二.. 非谓语作宾语1.1)Would you mind lending me your English dictionary for a while?2) She can’t help crying after she listened to the sad story .3) I suggested trying it in a different way .4) I ‘ve been looking forward to hearing from you for a long time.5) He insisted on finishing the work before going home.6) Upon returning from Beijing, he went to visit his friends.7) He took a great delight in helping others.8) he didn’t metion having met me .9) I still remember having ever worked with him .10) I enjoyed watching TV program in the evening.11) the car needs reparing .12) the problem deserves explaining .13) This phonomenon requires studying carefully.14) The book is worth reading We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.He dislikes seeing her again.Mary is considering going abroad.Have you finished checking these machines?Working conditions keep improving, and production keeps going up , as well. He really appreciates having time to relax.He is fond of learning English.She left without telling me.1) I need to fetch a tape from a friend2) do you want me to find one stamp for you ?3) I have arranged to meet here at 10:00.I’d prefer to walk there this morning.I’d hate to leave you like that .She’d like to chat with university students.扩:1) agree , afford , aim , apply , arrange, ask , choose, claim, decide, demand, determine, fail , hope , learn , offer, plan , pretend, promise, refuse, want 等后只用to do .2)admit , allow , appreciate , avoid , consider, deny , dislike, encourage,enjoy, escape , excuse, finish , forbid , imagine, keep , mind , permit , practice 等词后只用doing3)stop doing sth / to do sth 停止做某事/停下来去做某事remember doing sth/ to do sth. 记得做过某事/记住要去做某事forget doing sth/ to do sth 记了做过某事/ 忘了做某事regret doing sth / to do sth 后悔做过某事/ 遗憾地。
(完整版)高中非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To do To be done 动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing 与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have done To have been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doing Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前不定式一、不定式的作用1、作主语不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。
如:It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意:(1)其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
(2)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is …to…的句型。
试比较:It is to negate my own idea to believe him.(错)To believe him is to negate my own idea .(对)(3)It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中,当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时,用of, 否则用for.2、作宾语(1)动词+不定式。
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如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁 做的,可以在不定式前加一个由for 引起 的短语。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you.
For you to give up smoking is good.)
2.不定式作宾语
一般情况下不定式都要to ,help可要可不 要;不定式有它自己的补语,要用it 作形式宾 语。
You needn't bother to come yourself.
They are considering what to do next.
I need a pen to write with
Give me some paper to write on.
There are some thing to be grateful for.
She has a child to take care of.
There is nothing to worry about.
非谓语动词的句法功能
语法特征:在句子中充当谓语以外的 各种句子成分的动词叫非谓语动词,包括 不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去 分词),他们没有人称和数的变化,但保 留动词的某些特征:有时态和语态的变化, 有否定式,可以带宾语、状语和补语;又 具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子 中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语 等成分。
非谓语动词
不定式 infinitive
动名词 gerund
分词 participle
一、不定式
不定式的构成是指不定式符号to 加上动词 原形,表示具体的意义,指一次性行为、动作。 不定式短语是指不定式和它的宾语或状语构成 的词组。
可充当成分: 主语, 宾语, 宾语补足语, 表语, 定语, 状语.
I saw a child fall down from the tree.
B.致使、允许类动词:let、make、 get、 have、 help、 want、wish、allow、permit、 forbid、advise、force、 consider、 expect、tell…
Eg. I could not make them understand me.
You can’t allow him to do that.
My advisor encouraged_____ a summer course to
improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking
B. me taking
C. for me to take
D. me to take
The only thing that I want to get is the diamond necklace.
The only thing for me to get is the diamond necklace. Everything that is done needs praising. Everything to be done needs praising. Here are some books that you can read
Some who were famous in their own times
would find it difficult to achieve success today.
有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语: afford, promise, refuse, expect, hope, learn, offer, wish, want, fail, plan, agree, forget, like, prefer, decide, manage, arrange, desire, try, determine、
Here are some books for you to read
5.不定式作宾语补足语
A. 感官动词: see、watch、notice、hear、 listen to、observe、 look at、 feel. 这时不定式 不带to,并表示动作已经完成。
Eg. We often hear her sing the song at home.
He has no friend to depend on. 他没有可依靠的朋友。
I've got a lot of things to see to this morning. 今天上午我有许多事情要处理。
I need a pen to write with.
Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone.
A.to be heard B.to be hearing
C.to hear D.to have heard
3.不定式作表语
What she wants to do most now is (to) travel abroad.
The most important thing is to take measures to prevent the pollution. 主语的内容或性质
The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.
Eg. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ___
Байду номын сангаас
in a year.
A.follows
B. followed
B.C. to follow followed
He has no chance to explain it to you.
4 修饰关系 Now it is time to begin our class. 现在是上课的时间了。
注意: ①、不定式作定语要考虑与主语的关系,主语是不定 式的逻辑主语,不定式要用主动式;反之用被动式。
He has many things to do . He wants his bike to be repaired right now.
② 、there be句型中用主动表示说话人的行为,被动 表示说话人要别人做某事。 There must be something to fear.
to be feared.
点津坊
由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动 宾关系,表示动作尚未发生或有可能发生,只 用一般式。因此,如果该不定式的动词是不及 物动词,其后应有必要的介词,这种不定式也 叫反射不定式,即不定式+介词结构,介词一 般不可省去,如:
C. think、consider、suppose、feel、 believe、imagine、prove、find等动词的宾 语后面可带to be结构,也可省略to be。
①. I don't want ___ like I' m speaking ill of
anybody, but the manager' s plan is unfair.
A.to sound
B. to be sounded
B.C. sounding
D. to have sounded
C.②. I think you’ll grow ____ him when you
不定式各种形式的时间含义:一般式表示 动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态 的同时或之后;完成式在谓语之前;进行式强 调在谓语动词的同时;被动式是指主语是被动 关系,表示被动的动作。
1.不定式作主语
To lose your heart means failure.
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
在“某人是第…位做某事的人”固定结构 中,不定式与被修饰的词间是主谓关系,表示 动作已完成。
Edison was the first man to invent electric light.
Cf.
He is to marry Rose. 表按计划要做的事情.
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词、代
词之后,与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关
系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。 1 主谓关系
The future to greet us will be bright. 我们的未来会十分美好的。
D. being
Change the following into infinitives.
He was the first person that came to the
classroom this morning. He was the first person to come to the classroom this morning.
非谓语动词的形式变化
1、不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。 充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足 语、状语。 2、动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、 定语、宾语。 3、分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、 定语、宾语补足语、状语形成分
4、语态:必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动 词的关系,从而来确定非谓语动词的语态。
know him better.
D.A.liking
B.to be like
E.C.to like
D.to be liking
③. I don’t know whether you happen , but