力学英文术语表-SF整理
力学专业 英语词汇
专业英语第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间，选择一种最佳的合理的平衡，使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程，为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
力学英文词汇
索引（按照汉语拼音字母顺序）A安全系数 safety factorB半桥接法 half bridge闭口薄壁杆件 thin-walled tubes比例极限 proportional limit边界条件 boundary conditions变截面梁 beam of variable cross section变形 deformation变形协调方程 compatibility equation标距 gage length泊松比 Poisson’s ratio补偿片 compensating blockC材料力学 mechanics of materials冲击荷载 impact load初应力，预应力 initial stress纯剪切 pure shear纯弯曲 pure bending脆性材料 brittle materialsD大柔度杆 long columns单位荷载 unit load单位力偶 unit couple单位荷载法 unit-load method单向应力 uniaxial stress等强度梁 beam of constant strength低周疲劳 low-cycle fatigue电桥平衡 bridge balancing电阻应变片 resistance strain gage电阻应变仪 resistance strain indicator叠加法 superposition method叠加原理 superposition principle动荷载 dynamic load断面收缩率 percentage reduction in area多余约束 redundant restraintE二向应力状态 state of biaxial stressF分布力 distributed force复杂应力状态 state of triaxial stress复合材料 composite materialG杆，杆件 bar刚度 stiffness刚架 frame刚节点 rigid joint高周疲劳 high-cycle fatigue各向同性材料 isotropical material功的互等定理 reciprocal-work theorem工作应变计 active strain gage工作应力 working stress构件 structural member惯性半径 radius of gyration of an area惯性积 product of inertia惯性矩 moment of inertia广义胡克定律 generalized Hook’s lawH横向变形 lateral deformation胡克定律 Hook’s law滑移线 slip-linesIJ基本系统 primary system畸变能理论 distortion energy theory畸变能密度 distortional strain energy density 极惯性矩 polar moment of inertia极限应力 ultimate stress极限荷载 limit load挤压应力 bearing stress剪力 shear force剪力方程 equation of shear force剪力图 shear force diagram剪力流 shear flow剪切胡克定律 Hook’s law for shear剪切 shear交变应力，循环应力 cyclic stress截面法 method of sections截面几何性质 geometrical properties of an area 截面核心 core of section静不定次数，超静定次数 degree of a statically indeterminate problem静不定问题，超静定问题 statically indeterminate problem静定问题 statically determinate problem静荷载 static load静矩 static moment颈缩 neckingK开口薄壁杆件 bar of thin-walled open cross section抗拉强度 ultimate stress in tension抗扭截面系数 section modulus in torsion抗扭强度 ultimate stress in torsion抗弯截面系数 section modulus in bendingL拉压刚度 axial rigidity拉压杆 axially loaded bar理想弹塑性假设 elastic-perfectly plastic assumption力法 force method力学性能 mechanical properties连续梁 continuous beam连续条件 continuity condition梁 beams临界应力 critical stress临界荷载 critical loadM名义屈服强度 offset yielding stress莫尔强度理论 Mohr theory of failure敏感栅 sensitive gridN挠度 deflection挠曲线 deflection curve挠曲线方程 equation of deflection curve挠曲线近似微分方程 approximately differential equation of the deflection curve 内力 internal forces扭矩 torsional moment扭矩图 torque diagram扭转 torsion扭转极限应力 ultimate stress in torsion扭转角 angel of twist扭转屈服极限 yielding stress in torsion扭转刚度 torsional rigidityO欧拉公式 Euler’s formula疲劳极限 endurance limit疲劳破坏 fatigue rupture疲劳寿命 fatigue life偏心拉伸 eccentric tension偏心压缩 eccentric compression平均应力 average stress平面弯曲 plane bending平面应力状态 state of plane stress平行移轴定理 parallel axis theorem平面假设 plane cross-section assumptionQ强度 strength强度理论 theory of strength强度条件 strength condition切变模量 shear modulus切应变 shear strain切应力 shear stress切应力互等定理 theorem of conjugate shearing stress 屈服 yield屈服强度 yield strength全桥接线法 full bridgeR热应力 thermal stressS三向应力状态 state of triaxial stress三轴直角应变花 three-element rectangular rosette三轴等角应变花 three-element delta rosette失稳 buckling伸长率 elongation圣维南原理 Saint-Venant’s principle实验应力分析 experimental stress analysis塑性变形 plastic deformation塑性材料 ductile materials塑性铰 plastic hingeT弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elasticity体积力 body force体积改变比能 density of energy of volume change体积应变 volume strainUW弯矩 bending moment弯矩方程 equation of bending moment弯矩图 bending moment diagram弯曲 bending弯曲刚度 flexural rigidity弯曲正应力 normal stress in bending弯曲切应力 shear stress in bending弯曲中心 shear center位移法 displacement method位移互等定理 reciprocal-displacement theorem稳定条件 stability condition稳定性 stability稳定安全系数 safety factor for stabilityX细长比，柔度 slenderness ratio线性弹性体 linear elastic body相当长度 equivalent length相当应力 equivalent stress小柔度杆 short columns形心轴 centroidal axis形心主惯性矩 principal centroidal moments of inertia 形心主轴 principal centroidal axis许用应力 allowable stress许用应力法 allowable stress method许用荷载 allowable load许用荷载法 allowable load methodY应变花 strain rosette应变片 strain gage应变能 strain energy应变比能 strain energy density应力 stress应力速率 stress ratio应力比 stress ratio应力幅 stress amplitude应力状态 state of stress应力集中 stress concentration应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力－寿命曲线，S-N曲线 stress-cycle curve应力－应变图 stress-strain diagram应力圆，莫尔圆 Mohr’s circle for stresses约束扭转 constraint torsionZ正应变 normal strain正应力 normal stress中面 middle plane中柔度杆 intermediate columns中性层 neutral surface中性轴 neutral axis轴 shaft轴力 axial force轴力图 axial force diagram轴向变形 axial deformation轴向拉伸 axial tension轴向压缩 axial compression主平面 principal planes主应力 principal stress主应力迹线 principal stress trajectory主轴 principal axis主惯性矩 principal moment of inertia转角 angel of rotation转轴公式 transformation equation自由扭转 free torsion组合变形 combined deformation组合截面 composite area最大拉应力理论 maximum tensile stress theory 最大拉应变理论 maximum tensile strain theory 最大切应力理论 maximum shear stress theory最大应力 maximum stress最小应力 minimum stress。
力学常用中英文词汇对照
力学常用中英文词汇对照结构力学structural mechanics结构分析structural analysis结构动力学structural dynamics拱arch三铰拱three-hinged arch抛物线拱parabolic arch圆拱circular arch 穹顶dome空间结构space structure空间桁架space truss雪载[荷] snow load风载[荷] wind load土压力earth pressure地震载荷earthquake loading弹簧支座spring support支座位移support displacement支座沉降support settlement超静定次数degree of indeterminacy机动分析kinematic analysis结点法method of joints截面法method of sections结点力joint forces 共轭位移conjugate displacement影响线influence line三弯矩方程three-moment equation单位虚力unit virtual force刚度系数stiffness coefficient柔度系数flexibility coefficient力矩分配moment distribution力矩分配法moment distribution method力矩再分配moment redistribution分配系数distribution factor矩阵位移法matrix displacement method单元刚度矩阵element stiffness matrix单元应变矩阵element strain matrix总体坐标global coordinates贝蒂定理Betti theorem高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-Jordan elimination Method 屈曲模态buckling mode复合材料力学mechanics of composites复合材料composite material纤维复合材料fibrous composite单向复合材料unidirectional composite泡沫复合材料foamed composite颗粒复合材料particulate composite层板laminate夹层板sandwich panel正交层板cross-ply laminate斜交层板angle-ply laminate层片ply多胞固体cellular solid膨胀expansion压实debulk劣化degradation脱层delamination脱粘debond纤维应力fiber stress层应力ply stress层应变ply strain层间应力interlaminar stress比强度specific strength强度折减系数strength reduction factor强度应力比strength -stress ratio横向剪切模量transverse shear modulus横观各向同性transverse isotropy正交各向异orthotropy剪滞分析shear lag analysis短纤维chopped fiber长纤维continuous fiber纤维方向fiber direction纤维断裂fiber break纤维拔脱fiber pull-out纤维增强fiber reinforcement致密化densification最小重量设计optimum weight design网格分析法netting analysis混合律rule of mixture失效准则failure criterion蔡--吴失效准则Tsai-Wufailure criterion达格代尔模型Dugdale model断裂力学fracture mechanics概率断裂力学probabilistic fracture Mechanics格里菲思理论Griffith theory线弹性断裂力学linear elastic fracturemechanics, LEFM弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plastic fracture mechanics,EPFM断裂fracture脆性断裂brittle fracture解理断裂cleavage fracture蠕变断裂creepfracture延性断裂ductile fracture晶间断裂inter-granular fracture准解理断裂quasi-cleavage fracture穿晶断裂trans-granular fracture裂纹crack裂缝flaw缺陷defect割缝slit微裂纹microcrack折裂kink椭圆裂纹elliptical crack深埋裂纹embedded crack[钱]币状裂纹penny-shape crack预制裂纹precrack短裂纹short crack表面裂纹surface crack裂纹钝化crack blunting裂纹分叉crack branching裂纹闭合crack closure裂纹前缘crack front裂纹嘴crack mouth裂纹张开角crack opening angle, COA裂纹张开位移crack opening displacement, COD裂纹阻力crack resistance裂纹面crack surface裂纹尖端crack tip裂尖张角crack tip opening angle, CTOA裂尖张开位移crack tip opening displacement,CTOD裂尖奇异场crack tip singularity Field裂纹扩展速率crack growth rate稳定裂纹扩展stable crack growth定常裂纹扩展steady crack growth亚临界裂纹扩展subcritical crack growth裂纹[扩展]减速crack retardation止裂crack arrest止裂韧度arrest toughness断裂类型fracture mode 滑开型sliding mode张开型opening mode撕开型tearing mode复合型mixed mode撕裂tearing撕裂模量tearing modulus断裂准则fracture criterionJ积分J-integralJ阻力曲线J-resistance curve断裂韧度fracture toughness应力强度因子stress intensity factorHRR场Hutchinson-Rice-RosengrenField守恒积分conservation integral有效应力张量effective stress tensor应变能密度strain energy density能量释放率energy release rate内聚区cohesive zone塑性区plastic zone 张拉区stretched zone热影响区heat affected zone, HAZ延脆转变温度brittle-ductile transitiontemperature固体力学solid mechanics弹性力学elasticity弹性理论theory of elasticity均匀应力状态homogeneous state of stress应力不变量stress invariant应变不变量strain invariant应变椭球strain ellipsoid 均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘rotating circular disk楔wedge开尔文问题Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数Airy stress function克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis板plate矩形板rectangular plate圆板circular plate环板annular plate波纹板corrugated plate加劲板stiffened plate,reinforced plate中厚板plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数stress function of bending 壳shell扁壳shallow shell旋转壳revolutionary shell球壳spherical shell[圆]柱壳cylindricalshell锥壳conical shell环壳toroidal shell封闭壳closed shell波纹壳corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数stress function of torsion翘曲函数warpingfunction半逆解法semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法relaxation method莱维法Levy method松弛relaxation量纲分析dimensional analysis自相似[性]self-similarity影响面influence surface接触应力contact stress赫兹理论Hertz theory协调接触conforming contact滑动接触sliding contact滚动接触rolling contact压入indentation各向异性弹性anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料granular material散体力学mechanics of granular media热弹性thermoelasticity超弹性hyperelasticity粘弹性viscoelasticity对应原理correspondence principle褶皱wrinkle塑性全量理论total theory of plasticity滑动sliding微滑microslip粗糙度roughness非线性弹性nonlinear elasticity大挠度large deflection突弹跳变snap-through有限变形finite deformation格林应变Green strain阿尔曼西应变Almansi strain弹性动力学dynamic elasticity运动方程equation of motion准静态的quasi-static气动弹性aeroelasticity水弹性hydroelasticity颤振flutter弹性波elastic wave简单波simple wave柱面波cylindrical wave水平剪切波horizontal shear wave竖直剪切波vertical shear wave 体波body wave无旋波irrotational wave畸变波distortion wave膨胀波dilatation wave瑞利波Rayleigh wave等容波equivoluminal wave勒夫波Love wave界面波interfacialwave边缘效应edge effect塑性力学plasticity可成形性formability金属成形metal forming耐撞性crashworthiness 结构抗撞毁性structural crashworthiness拉拔drawing破坏机构collapse mechanism回弹springback挤压extrusion冲压stamping穿透perforation层裂spalling塑性理论theory of plasticity安定[性]理论shake-down theory运动安定定理kinematic shake-down theorem静力安定定理staticshake-down theorem率相关理论rate dependent theorem载荷因子load factor加载准则loading criterion加载函数loading function加载面loading surface塑性加载plastic loading塑性加载波plastic loading wave简单加载simple loading比例加载proportional loading卸载unloading卸载波unloading wave冲击载荷impulsive load阶跃载荷step load脉冲载荷pulse load极限载荷limit load中性变载neutral loading拉抻失稳instability in tension加速度波acceleration wave本构方程constitutive equation完全解complete solution名义应力nominal stress过应力over-stress真应力true stress等效应力equivalent stress流动应力flow stress应力间断stress discontinuity应力空间stress space主应力空间principal stress space静水应力状态hydrostatic state of stress对数应变logarithmic strain工程应变engineering strain等效应变equivalent strain应变局部化strain localization应变率strainrate应变率敏感性strain rate sensitivity应变空间strain space 有限应变finite strain塑性应变增量plastic strain increment 累积塑性应变accumulated plastic strain永久变形permanent deformation内变量internal variable应变软化strain-softening 理想刚塑性材料rigid-perfectly plastic Material刚塑性材料rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料perfect plastic material材料稳定性stability of material应变偏张量deviatoric tensor of strain应力偏张量deviatoric tensor of stress应变球张量spherical tensor of strain应力球张量spherical tensor of stress 路径相关性path-dependency线性强化linearstrain-hardening应变强化strain-hardening随动强化kinematic hardening各向同性强化isotropic hardening强化模量strain-hardening modulus幂强化power hardening塑性极限弯矩plastic limit bending Moment塑性极限扭矩plastic limit torque弹塑性弯曲elastic-plastic bending弹塑性交界面elastic-plastic interface弹塑性扭转elastic-plastic torsion粘塑性viscoplasticity非弹性inelasticity理想弹塑性材料elastic-perfectly plasticMaterial极限分析limit analysis极限设计limit design极限面limit surface上限定理upper bound theorem上屈服点upper yield point下限定理lower bound theorem下屈服点lower yield point界限定理bound theorem 初始屈服面initial yield surface后继屈服面subsequent yieldsurface屈服面[的]外凸性convexity of yield surface截面形状因子shape factor of cross-section沙堆比拟sand heap analogy 屈服yield屈服条件yield condition屈服准则yield criterion 屈服函数yield function屈服面yield surface塑性势plastic potential能量吸收装置energy absorbing device能量耗散率energy absorbing device塑性动力学dynamic plasticity塑性动力屈曲dynamic plastic buckling塑性动力响应dynamic plastic response塑性波plastic wave运动容许场kinematically admissible Field静力容许场statically admissible Field流动法则flow rule速度间断velocity discontinuity滑移线slip-lines滑移线场slip-lines field移行塑性铰travelling plastic hinge塑性增量理论incremental theory of Plasticity米泽斯屈服准则Mises yield criterion普朗特--罗伊斯关系prandtl- Reuss relation特雷斯卡屈服准则Tresca yield criterion洛德应力参数Lode stress parameter莱维--米泽斯关系Levy-Mises relation亨基应力方程Hencky stress equation赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间Haigh-Westergaard stress space洛德应变参数Lode strain parameter德鲁克公设Drucker postulate盖林格速度方程Geiringer velocity Equation 连续过程continuous process碰撞截面collision cross section 通用气体常数conventional gas constant燃烧不稳定性combustion instability稀释度dilution完全离解completedissociation火焰传播flame propagation组份constituent碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate燃烧理论combustion theory 浓度梯度concentration gradient阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion 火焰速度flame speed火焰驻定flame stabilization火焰结构flame structure着火ignition湍流火焰turbulent flame层流火焰laminar flame燃烧带burning zone渗流flow in porous media, seepage达西定律Darcy law赫尔-肖流Hele-Shawflow毛[细]管流capillary flow过滤filtration爪进fingering不互溶驱替immiscible displacement不互溶流体immiscible fluid互溶驱替miscible displacement互溶流体miscible fluid迁移率mobility流度比mobility ratio渗透率permeability孔隙度porosity多孔介质porous medium比面specific surface迂曲度tortuosity空隙void空隙分数void fraction注水water flooding可湿性wettability地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics物理海洋学physical oceanography大气环流atmospheric circulation海洋环流ocean circulation海洋流ocean current旋转流rotating flow平流advection埃克曼流Ekman flow埃克曼边界层Ekman boundary layer大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-ocean interaction埃克曼数Ekman number罗斯贝数Rossby number罗斯贝波Rossby wave斜压性baroclinicity正压性barotropy内磨擦internal friction海洋波ocean wave盐度salinity环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流Stokes flow羽流plume理查森数Richardson number污染源pollutant source 污染物扩散pollutant diffusion噪声noise噪声级noise level 噪声污染noise pollution排放物effulent工业流体力学industrial fluid mechanics流控技术fluidics轴向流axial flow 并向流co-current flow对向流counter current flow横向流cross flow螺旋流spiral flow旋拧流swirling flow滞后流after flow混合层mixing layer抖振buffeting风压wind pressure附壁效应wall attachment effect, Coandaeffect简约频率reduced frequency爆炸力学mechanics of explosion终点弹道学terminal ballistics动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium 热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability空中爆炸explosion in air地下爆炸underground explosion水下爆炸underwater explosion电爆炸discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸laser-induced explosion核爆炸nuclear explosion点爆炸point-source explosion殉爆sympathatic detonation强爆炸intense explosion粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation聚爆implosion起爆initiation of explosion爆破blasting霍普金森杆Hopkinson bar电炮electric gun电磁炮electromagnetic gun爆炸洞explosion chamber轻气炮light gas gun马赫反射Mach reflection基浪base surge成坑cratering能量沉积energy deposition爆心explosion center爆炸当量explosion equivalent火球fire ball爆高height of burst蘑菇云mushroom侵彻penetration规则反射regular reflection崩落spallation应变率史strain rate history流变学rheology聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell无管虹吸tubeless siphon剪胀效应dilatancy effect 孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect剪切致稠shear thickening剪切致稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy反触变性anti-thixotropy超塑性superplasticity粘弹塑性材料viscoelastoplastic material滞弹性材料anelastic material本构关系constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型Bingham model奥伊洛特模型Oldroyd model幂律模型power law model应力松驰stress relaxation应变史strain history应力史stress history记忆函数memory function衰退记忆fading memory应力增长stress growing粘度函数viscosity function 相对粘度relative viscosity复态粘度complex viscosity拉伸粘度elongational viscosity拉伸流动elongational flow第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference德博拉数Deborah number魏森贝格数Weissenberg number动态模量dynamic modulus振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics电离气体ionized gas行星边界层planetary boundary layer阿尔文波Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流]Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数Hartman number生物流变学biorheology生物流体biofluid生物屈服点bioyield point生物屈服应力bioyield stress电气体力学electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学hemodynamics磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, MHD 磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamic stability生物力学biomechanics生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流Bingham plastic flow开尔文体Kelvin body沃伊特体V oigt body可贴变形applicable deformation可贴曲面applicable surface边界润滑boundary lubrication液膜润滑fluid film lubrication向心收缩功concentric work离心收缩功eccentric work关节反作用力joint reaction force微循环力学microcyclic mechanics微纤维microfibril渗透性permeability生理横截面积physiological cross-sectionalarea农业生物力学agrobiomechanics纤维度fibrousness硬皮度rustiness胶粘度gumminess粘稠度stickiness嫩度tenderness渗透流osmotic flow易位流translocation flow蒸腾流transpirational flow过滤阻力filtration resistance压扁wafering风雪流snow-driving wind 停滞堆积accretion遇阻堆积encroachment沙漠地面desert floor流沙固定fixation of shifting sand流动阈值fluid threshold通类名词力学mechanics牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopicmechanics,macromechanics细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopicmechanics,micromechanics一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形forcepolygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量]Lagrangian拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量]Hamiltonian哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程Appell equation劳斯方程Routh equation拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function诺特定理Noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsizing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state 环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping同相分量in-phasecomponent非同相分量out-of-phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程Duffing equation希尔方程Hill equationKBM方法KBM method,Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function 硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring 谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式Dunkerley formula瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统distributed parameter system优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencyWKB方法WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouinmethod缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, randomvibration隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot喘振surge摆振shimmy 起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance 姿态角attitude angle方位角azimuthal angle舒勒周期Schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system机动性maneuverability凯恩方法Kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirl。
力学专业词汇
力学专业词汇(mechanics)effective column length 有效柱长cord 索cylinder [圆]筒thin-walled cylinder 薄壁筒thick-walled cylinder 厚壁筒tube 管hinge 铰[链]plastic hinge 塑性铰membrane force 膜力ring 环truss 桁架frame 刚架又称“框架”。
shaft [转]轴spring 弹簧spring constant 弹簧常量joint 接头statically determinate structure 静定结构statically indeterminate structure 超静定结构compression 压缩axial force 轴[向]力axial force diagram 轴力图eccentric tension 偏心拉伸eccentric compression 偏心压缩bending 弯曲pure bending 纯弯曲oblique bending 斜弯曲plane bending 平面弯曲unsymmetric bending 非对称弯曲inelastic bending 非弹性弯曲plane cross-section assumption 平截面假定deflection 挠度bending moment 弯矩bending moment diagram 弯矩图shear force 剪力shear force diagram 剪力图stress trajactory 应力迹线flexure 挠曲flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度elastic curve 弹性曲线shear 剪切shear center 剪切中心torsion 扭转torsional moment 扭矩torque diagram 扭矩图torsional rigidity 抗扭刚度membrane analogy 薄膜比拟twist 扭曲warping 翘曲buckling 屈曲pre-buckling 前屈曲post-buckling 后屈曲Euler critical load 欧拉临界载荷impact 撞击impact factor 撞击因子impact stress 撞击应力force method 力法displacement method 位移法stiffness method 刚度法flexibility method 柔度法dummy-load method 傀载[荷]法又称“单位载荷法”。
常用物理英语词汇(全)
常用物理英语词汇(全)1. Force（力）：作用在物体上的外力，可以改变物体的运动状态。
2. Mass（质量）：物体所含物质的量，通常用千克（kg）表示。
3. Weight（重量）：物体受到地球引力作用产生的力，通常用牛顿（N）表示。
4. Acceleration（加速度）：物体速度变化的快慢，通常用米/秒²（m/s²）表示。
5. Velocity（速度）：物体在单位时间内移动的距离，通常用米/秒（m/s）表示。
6. Momentum（动量）：物体运动的量度，等于物体的质量乘以速度。
7. Energy（能量）：物体做功的能力，通常用焦耳（J）表示。
8. Power（功率）：单位时间内做功的速率，通常用瓦特（W）表示。
9. Work（功）：力作用在物体上，使物体移动的距离，通常用焦耳（J）表示。
10. Torque（力矩）：力对物体产生的旋转效果，通常用牛顿·米（Nm）表示。
11. Angular momentum（角动量）：物体旋转运动的量度，等于物体的转动惯量乘以角速度。
12. Frequency（频率）：单位时间内发生的周期性事件的次数，通常用赫兹（Hz）表示。
13. Period（周期）：完成一次周期性事件所需的时间，通常用秒（s）表示。
14. Amplitude（振幅）：周期性运动的最高点与最低点之间的距离。
15. Wavelength（波长）：相邻两个波峰或波谷之间的距离，通常用米（m）表示。
16. Speed of light（光速）：光在真空中的传播速度，约为299,792,458米/秒（m/s）。
17. Refraction（折射）：光从一种介质进入另一种介质时，传播方向发生改变的现象。
18. Reflection（反射）：光遇到物体表面时，按照一定规律返回的现象。
19. Diffraction（衍射）：光绕过障碍物或通过狭缝时，传播方向发生偏折的现象。
力学词汇
1通类名词牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopic mechanics, macromechanics细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopic mechanics, micromechanics一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics 理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system 等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量]Lagrangian拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量]Hamiltonian 哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿雅--可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程Appell equation劳斯方程Routh equation拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function诺特定理Noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsiz ing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping同相分量in-phase component非同相分量out-of-phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system 相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程Duffing equation希尔方程Hill equationKBM方法KBM method,Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method 马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring,hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式Dunkerley formula瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem分布参量系distributed parameter system 优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchroniz ation超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencyWKB方法WKB method,Wentz el-Kramers-Brillouin method缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration,random vibration隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot 喘振surge摆振shimmy起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabiliz er陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance姿态角attitude angle方位角az imuthal angle舒勒周期Schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system机动性maneuverability凯恩方法Kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession 半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirl固体力学弹性力学elasticity弹性理论theory of elasticity均匀应力状homogeneous state of stress 应力不变量stress invariant应变不变量strain invariant应变椭球strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain 应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘rotating circular disk楔wedge开尔文问题Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数Airy stress function克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis矩形板Rectangular plate圆板Circular plate环板Annular plate波纹板Corrugated plate加劲板Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate中厚板Plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数Stress function of bending 扁壳Shallow shell旋转壳Revolutionary shell球壳Spherical shell[圆]柱壳Cylindrical shell锥壳Conical shell环壳Toroidal shell封闭壳Closed shell波纹壳Corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数Stress function of torsion 翘曲函数Warping function半逆解法semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法Relaxation method莱维法Levy method松弛Relaxation量纲分析Dimensional analysis自相似[性]self-similarity影响面Influence surface接触应力Contact stress赫兹理论Hertz theory协调接触Conforming contact滑动接触Sliding contact滚动接触Rolling contact压入Indentation各向异性弹性Anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料Granular material 散体力学Mechanics of granular media 热弹性Thermoelasticity超弹性Hyperelasticity粘弹性Viscoelasticity对应原理Correspondence principle褶皱Wrinkle塑性全量理论Total theory of plasticity滑动Sliding微滑Microslip粗糙度Roughness非线性弹性Nonlinear elasticity大挠度Large deflection突弹跳变snap-through有限变形Finite deformation格林应变Green strain阿尔曼西应变Almansi strain弹性动力学Dynamic elasticity运动方程Equation of motion准静态的Quasi-static气动弹性Aeroelasticity水弹性Hydroelasticity颤振Flutter弹性波Elastic wave简单波Simple wave柱面波Cylindrical wave水平剪切波Horiz ontal shear wave竖直剪切波Vertical shear wave体波body wave无旋波Irrotational wave畸变波Distortion wave膨胀波Dilatation wave瑞利波Rayleigh wave等容波Equivoluminal wave勒夫波Love wave界面波Interfacial wave边缘效应edge effect塑性力学Plasticity可成形性Formability金属成形Metal forming耐撞性Crashworthiness结构抗撞毁性Structural crashworthiness 拉拔Drawing破坏机构Collapse mechanism回弹Springback挤压Extrusion冲压Stamping穿透Perforation层裂Spalling塑性理论Theory of plasticity安定[性]理论Shake-down theory运动安定定理kinematic shake-down theorem静力安定定理Static shake-down theorem 率相关理论rate dependent theorem载荷因子load factor加载准则Loading criterion加载函数Loading function加载面Loading surface塑性加载Plastic loading塑性加载波Plastic loading wave简单加载Simple loading比例加载Proportional loading卸载Unloading卸载波Unloading wave冲击载荷Impulsive load阶跃载荷step load脉冲载荷pulse load极限载荷limit load中性变载nentral loading拉抻失稳instability in tension加速度波acceleration wave本构方程constitutive equation完全解complete solution名义应力nominal stress过应力over-stress真应力true stress等效应力equivalent stress流动应力flow stress应力间断stress discontinuity应力空间stress space主应力空间principal stress space静水应力状态hydrostatic state of stress 对数应变logarithmic strain工程应变engineering strain等效应变equivalent strain应变局部化strain localiz ation应变率strain rate应变率敏感性strain rate sensitivity应变空间strain space有限应变finite strain塑性应变增量plastic strain increment累积塑性应变accumulated plastic strain 永久变形permanent deformation内变量internal variable应变软化strain-softening理想刚塑性材料rigid-perfectly plastic Material刚塑性材料rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料perfectl plastic material材料稳定性stability of material应变偏张量deviatoric tensor of strain应力偏张量deviatori tensor of stress应变球张量spherical tensor of strain应力球张量spherical tensor of stress路径相关性path-dependency线性强化linear strain-hardening应变强化strain-hardening随动强化kinematic hardening各向同性强化isotropic hardening强化模量strain-hardening modulus幂强化power hardening塑性极限弯矩plastic limit bending Moment 塑性极限扭矩plastic limit torque弹塑性弯曲elastic-plastic bending弹塑性交界面elastic-plastic interface弹塑性扭转elastic-plastic torsion粘塑性Viscoplasticity非弹性Inelasticity理想弹塑性材料elastic-perfectly plastic Material极限分析limit analysis极限设计limit design极限面limit surface上限定理upper bound theorem上屈服点upper yield point下限定理lower bound theorem下屈服点lower yield point界限定理bound theorem初始屈服面initial yield surface后继屈服面subsequent yield surface屈服面[的]外凸convexity of yield surface 截面形状因shape factor of cross-section 沙堆比拟sand heap analogy屈服Yield屈服条件yield condition屈服准则yield criterion屈服函数yield function屈服面yield surface塑性势plastic potential能量吸收装置energy absorbing device能量耗散率energy absorbing device塑性动力学dynamic plasticity塑性动力屈曲dynamic plastic buckling塑性动力响应dynamic plastic response 塑性波plastic wave运动容许场kinematically admissible Field 静力容许场statically admissible Field流动法则flow rule速度间断velocity discontinuity滑移线slip-lines滑移线场slip-lines field移行塑性铰travelling plastic hinge塑性增量理论incremental theory of Plasticity米泽斯屈服准则Mises yield criterion普朗特--罗伊斯关prandtl-Reuss relation 特雷斯卡屈服准则Tresca yield criterion 洛德应力参数Lode stress parameter莱维--米泽斯关系Levy-Mises relation亨基应力方程Hencky stress equation赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间Haigh-Westergaard stress space洛德应变参数Lode strain parameter德鲁克公设Drucker postulate盖林格速度方Geiringer velocity Equation 结构力学structural mechanics结构分析structural analysis结构动力学structural dynamics拱Arch三铰拱three-hinged arch抛物线拱parabolic arch圆拱circular arch穹顶Dome空间结构space structure空间桁架space truss雪载[荷]snow load风载[荷]wind load土压力earth pressure地震载荷earthquake loading弹簧支座spring support支座位移support displacement支座沉降support settlement超静定次数degree of indeterminacy机动分析kinematic analysis 结点法method of joints截面法method of sections结点力joint forces共轭位移conjugate displacement影响线influence line三弯矩方程three-moment equation单位虚力unit virtual force刚度系数stiffness coefficient柔度系数flexibility coefficient力矩分配moment distribution力矩分配法moment distribution method 力矩再分配moment redistribution分配系数distribution factor矩阵位移法matri displacement method 单元刚度矩阵element stiffness matrix 单元应变矩阵element strain matrix总体坐标global coordinates贝蒂定理Betti theorem高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-Jordan elimination Method屈曲模态buckling mode复合材料力学mechanics of composites 复合材料composite material纤维复合材料fibrous composite单向复合材料unidirectional composite 泡沫复合材料foamed composite颗粒复合材料particulate composite层板Laminate夹层板sandwich panel正交层板cross-ply laminate斜交层板angle-ply laminate层片Ply多胞固体cellular solid膨胀Expansion压实Debulk劣化Degradation脱层Delamination脱粘Debond纤维应力fiber stress层应力ply stress层应变ply strain层间应力interlaminar stress比强度specific strength强度折减系数strength reduction factor 强度应力比strength-stress ratio横向剪切模量transverse shear modulus横观各向同性transverse isotropy正交各向异Orthotropy剪滞分析shear lag analysis短纤维chopped fiber长纤维continuous fiber纤维方向fiber direction纤维断裂fiber break纤维拔脱fiber pull-out纤维增强fiber reinforcement致密化Densification最小重量设计optimum weight design网格分析法netting analysis混合律rule of mixture失效准则failure criterion蔡--吴失效准则Tsai-W u failure criterion 达格代尔模型Dugdale model断裂力学fracture mechanics概率断裂力学probabilistic fracture Mechanics格里菲思理论Griffith theory线弹性断裂力学linear elastic fracture mechanics,LEFM 弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plastic fracture mecha-nics,EPFM 断裂Fracture脆性断裂brittle fracture解理断裂cleavage fracture蠕变断裂creep fracture延性断裂ductile fracture晶间断裂inter-granular fracture准解理断裂quasi-cleavage fracture穿晶断裂trans-granular fracture裂纹Crack裂缝Flaw缺陷Defect割缝Slit微裂纹Microcrack折裂Kink椭圆裂纹elliptical crack深埋裂纹embedded crack[钱]币状裂纹penny-shape crack预制裂纹Precrack短裂纹short crack表面裂纹surface crack裂纹钝化crack blunting裂纹分叉crack branching 裂纹闭合crack closure裂纹前缘crack front裂纹嘴crack mouth裂纹张开角crack opening angle,COA裂纹张开位移crack opening displacement,COD裂纹阻力crack resistance裂纹面crack surface裂纹尖端crack tip裂尖张角crack tip opening angle,CTOA 裂尖张开位移crack tip opening displacement,CTOD 裂尖奇异场crack tip singularity Field裂纹扩展速率crack growth rate稳定裂纹扩展stable crack growth定常裂纹扩展steady crack growth亚临界裂纹扩展subcritical crack growth 裂纹[扩展]减速crack retardation止裂crack arrest止裂韧度arrest toughness断裂类型fracture mode滑开型sliding mode张开型opening mode撕开型tearing mode复合型mixed mode撕裂Tearing撕裂模量tearing modulus断裂准则fracture criterionJ积分J-integralJ阻力曲线J-resistance curve断裂韧度fracture toughness应力强度因子stress intensity factorHR场Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren Field 守恒积分conservation integral有效应力张量effective stress tensor应变能密度strain energy density能量释放率energy release rate内聚区cohesive z one塑性区plastic z one张拉区stretched z one热影响区heat affected z one,HAZ延脆转变温度brittle-ductile transition temperature剪切带shear band剪切唇shear lip无损检测non-destructive inspection双边缺口试件DEN specimen，double edge notched specimen,单边缺口试件SEN specimen，single edge notched specimen三点弯曲试件TPB specimen,three point bending specimen中心裂纹拉伸试件CCT specimen, center cracked tension specimen中心裂纹板试件CCP specimen，center cracked panel specimen,紧凑拉伸试件CT specimen,compact tension specimen大范围屈服large scale yielding小范围攻屈服small scale yielding韦布尔分布Weibull distribution帕里斯公式paris formula空穴化Cavitation应力腐蚀stress corrosion概率风险判定probabilistic risk assessment,PRA损伤力学damage mechanics损伤Damage连续介质损伤力学continuum damage mechanics细观损伤力学microscopic damage mechanics累积损伤accumulated damage脆性损伤brittle damage延性损伤ductile damage宏观损伤macroscopic damage细观损伤microscopic damage微观损伤microscopic damage损伤准则damage criterion损伤演化方程damage evolution equation 损伤软化damage softening损伤强化damage strengthening损伤张量damage tensor损伤阈值damage threshold损伤变量damage variable损伤矢量damage vector损伤区damage z one疲劳Fatigue低周疲劳low cycle fatigue应力疲劳stress fatigue随机疲劳random fatigue蠕变疲劳creep fatigue 腐蚀疲劳corrosion fatigue疲劳损伤fatigue damage疲劳失效fatigue failure疲劳断裂fatigue fracture疲劳裂纹fatigue crack疲劳寿命fatigue life疲劳破坏fatigue rupture疲劳强度fatigue strength疲劳辉纹fatigue striations疲劳阈值fatigue threshold交变载荷alternating load交变应力alternating stress应力幅值stress amplitude应变疲劳strain fatigue应力循环stress cycle应力比stress ratio安全寿命safe life过载效应overloading effect循环硬化cyclic hardening循环软化cyclic softening环境效应environmental effect裂纹片crack gage裂纹扩展crack growth,crack Propagation 裂纹萌生crack initiation循环比cycle ratio实验应力分析experimental stress Analysis 工作[应变]片active[strain]gage基底材料backing material应力计stress gage零[点]飘移z ero shift,z ero drift应变测量strain measurement应变计strain gage应变指示器strain indicator应变花strain rosette应变灵敏度strain sensitivity机械式应变仪mechanical strain gage直角应变花rectangular rosette引伸仪Extensometer应变遥测telemetering of strain横向灵敏系数transverse gage factor横向灵敏度transverse sensitivity焊接式应变计weldable strain gage平衡电桥balanced bridge粘贴式应变计bonded strain gage粘贴箔式应变计bonded foiled gage粘贴丝式应变计bonded wire gage桥路平衡bridge balancing电容应变计capacitance strain gage补偿片compensation technique补偿技术compensation technique基准电桥reference bridge电阻应变计resistance strain gage温度自补偿应变计self-temperature compensating gage半导体应变计semiconductor strain Gage 集流器slip ring应变放大镜strain amplifier疲劳寿命计fatigue life gage电感应变计inductance[strain]gage光[测]力学Photomechanics光弹性Photoelasticity光塑性Photoplasticity杨氏条纹Young fringe双折射效应birefrigent effect等位移线contour of equal Displacement 暗条纹dark fringe条纹倍增fringe multiplication干涉条纹interference fringe等差线Isochromatic等倾线Isoclinic等和线isopachic应力光学定律stress-optic law主应力迹线Isostatic亮条纹light fringe光程差optical path difference热光弹性photo-thermo-elasticity光弹性贴片法photoelastic coating Method光弹性夹片法photoelastic sandwich Method动态光弹性dynamic photo-elasticity空间滤波spatial filtering空间频率spatial frequency起偏镜Polariz er反射式光弹性仪reflection polariscope残余双折射效应residual birefringent Effect应变条纹值strain fringe value应变光学灵敏度strain-optic sensitivity应力冻结效应stress freez ing effect应力条纹值stress fringe value应力光图stress-optic pattern 暂时双折射效应temporary birefringent Effect脉冲全息法pulsed holography透射式光弹性仪transmission polariscope 实时全息干涉法real-time holographic interferometry网格法grid method全息光弹性法holo-photoelasticity全息图Hologram全息照相Holograph全息干涉法holographic interferometry全息云纹法holographic moire technique 全息术Holography全场分析法whole-field analysis散斑干涉法speckle interferometry散斑Speckle错位散斑干涉法shearography，speckle-shearing interferometry,散斑图Specklegram白光散斑法white-light speckle method云纹干涉法moire interferometry[叠栅]云纹moire fringe[叠栅]云纹法moire method云纹图moire pattern离面云纹法off-plane moire method参考栅reference grating试件栅specimen grating分析栅analyz er grating面内云纹法in-plane moire method脆性涂层法brittle-coating method条带法strip coating method坐标变换transformation of Coordinates 计算结构力学computational structural mechanics加权残量法weighted residual method有限差分法finite difference method有限[单]元法finite element method配点法point collocation里茨法Ritz method广义变分原理generaliz ed variational Principle最小二乘法least square method胡[海昌]一鹫津原理Hu-Washiz u principle 赫林格-赖斯纳原理Hellinger-Reissner Principle修正变分原理modified variational Principle约束变分原理constrained variational Principle混合法mixed method杂交法hybrid method边界解法boundary solution method有限条法finite strip method半解析法semi-analytical method协调元conforming element非协调元non-conforming element混合元mixed element杂交元hybrid element边界元boundary element强迫边界条件forced boundary condition 自然边界条件natural boundary condition 离散化Discretiz ation离散系统discrete system连续问题continuous problem广义位移generaliz ed displacement广义载荷generaliz ed load广义应变generaliz ed strain广义应力generaliz ed stress界面变量interface variable节点node,nodal point[单]元Element角节点corner node边节点mid-side node内节点internal node无节点变量nodeless variable杆元bar element桁架杆元truss element梁元beam element二维元two-dimensional element一维元one-dimensional element三维元three-dimensional element轴对称元axisymmetric element板元plate element壳元shell element厚板元thick plate element三角形元triangular element四边形元quadrilateral element四面体元tetrahedral element曲线元curved element二次元quadratic element线性元linear element三次元cubic element 四次元quartic element等参[数]元isoparametric element超参数元super-parametric element亚参数元sub-parametric element节点数可变元variable-number-node element拉格朗日元Lagrange element拉格朗日族Lagrange family巧凑边点元serendipity element巧凑边点族serendipity family无限元infinite element单元分析element analysis单元特性element characteristics刚度矩阵stiffness matrix几何矩阵geometric matrix等效节点力equivalent nodal force节点位移nodal displacement节点载荷nodal load位移矢量displacement vector载荷矢量load vector质量矩阵mass matrix集总质量矩阵lumped mass matrix相容质量矩阵consistent mass matrix 阻尼矩阵damping matrix瑞利阻尼Rayleigh damping刚度矩阵的组集assembly of stiffness Matrices载荷矢量的组集consistent mass matrix 质量矩阵的组集assembly of mass matrices单元的组集assembly of elements局部坐标系local coordinate system局部坐标local coordinate面积坐标area coordinates体积坐标volume coordinates曲线坐标curvilinear coordinates静凝聚static condensation合同变换contragradient transformation 形状函数shape function试探函数trial function检验函数test function权函数weight function样条函数spline function代用函数substitute function降阶积分reduced integration零能模式z ero-energy modeP收敛p-convergenceH收敛h-convergence掺混插值blended interpolation等参数映射isoparametric mapping双线性插值bilinear interpolation小块检验patch test非协调模式incompatible mode节点号node number单元号element number带宽band width带状矩阵banded matrix变带状矩阵profile matrix带宽最小化minimization of band width波前法frontal method子空间迭代法subspace iteration method 行列式搜索法determinant search method 逐步法step-by-step method纽马克法Newmark威尔逊法Wilson拟牛顿法quasi-Newton method牛顿-拉弗森法Newton-Raphson method 增量法incremental method初应变initial strain初应力initial stress切线刚度矩阵tangent stiffness matrix割线刚度矩阵secant stiffness matrix模态叠加法mode superposition method 平衡迭代equilibrium iteration子结构Substructure子结构法substructure technique超单元super-element网格生成mesh generation结构分析程序structural analysis program 前处理pre-processing后处理post-processing网格细化mesh refinement应力光顺stress smoothing组合结构composite structure流体力学流体动力学fluid dynamics连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media介质medium流体质点fluid particle无粘性流体nonviscous fluid,inviscid fluid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学fluid kinematics水静力学hydrostatics液体静力学hydrostatics支配方程governing equation伯努利方程Bernoulli equation伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law欧拉方程Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理Kelvin theorem涡片vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Z houkowski condition布拉休斯解Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox雷诺数Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number随体导数material derivative不可压缩流体incompressible fluid质量守恒conservation of mass动量守恒conservation of momentum 能量守恒conservation of energy动量方程momentum equation能量方程energy equation控制体积control volume液体静压hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能enstrophy压差differential pressure流[动]flow流线stream line流面stream surface流管stream tube迹线path,path line流场flow field流态flow regime流动参量flow parameter流量flow rate,flow discharge涡旋vortex涡量vorticity涡丝vortex filament涡线vortex line涡面vortex surface涡层vortex layer涡环vortex ring涡对vortex pair涡管vortex tube涡街vortex street卡门涡街Karman vortex street马蹄涡horseshoe vortex对流涡胞convective cell卷筒涡胞roll cell涡eddy涡粘性eddy viscosity环流circulation环量circulation速度环量velocity circulation偶极子doublet,dipole驻点stagnation point总压[力]total pressure总压头total head静压头static head总焓total enthalpy能量输运energy transport速度剖面velocity profile库埃特流Couette flow单相流single phase flow单组份流single-component flow均匀流uniform flow非均匀流nonuniform flow二维流two-dimensional flow三维流three-dimensional flow准定常流quasi-steady flow非定常流unsteady flow,non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow周期流periodic flow振荡流oscillatory flow分层流stratified flow无旋流irrotational flow有旋流rotational flow轴对称流axisymmetric flow不可压缩性incompressibility不可压缩流[动]incompressible flow浮体floating body定倾中心metacenter阻力drag,resistance减阻drag reduction表面力surface force表面张力surface tension毛细[管]作用capillarity来流incoming flow自由流free stream 自由流线free stream line外流external flow进口entrance,inlet出口exit,outlet扰动disturbance,perturbation分布distribution传播propagation色散dispersion弥散dispersion附加质量added mass,associated mass 收缩contraction镜象法image method无量纲参数dimensionless parameter几何相似geometric similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似[性]dynamic similarity平面流plane flow势potential势流potential flow速度势velocity potential复势complex potential复速度complex velocity流函数stream function源source汇sink速度[水]头velocity head拐角流corner flow空泡流cavity flow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavity flow空气动力学aerodynamics低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动]subsonic flow跨声速流[动]transonic flow超声速流[动]supersonic flow锥形流conical flow楔流wedge flow叶栅流cascade flow非平衡流[动]non-equilibrium flow细长体slender body细长度slenderness钝头体bluff body钝体blunt body翼型airfoil翼弦chord薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory构型configuration后缘trailing edge迎角angle of attack失速stall脱体激波detached shock wave波阻wave drag诱导阻力induced drag诱导速度induced velocity临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number 前缘涡leading edge vortex附着涡bound vortex约束涡confined vortex气动中心aerodynamic center气动力aerodynamic force气动噪声aerodynamic noise气动加热aerodynamic heating离解dissociation地面效应ground effect气体动力学gas dynamics稀疏波rarefaction wave热状态方程thermal equation of state 喷管Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流Rayleigh flow可压缩流[动]compressible flow可压缩流体compressible fluid绝热流adiabatic flow非绝热流diabatic flow未扰动流undisturbed flow等熵流isentropic flow匀熵流homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition状态方程equation of state量热状态方程caloric equation of state 完全气体perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle马赫角Mach angle马赫锥Mach cone马赫线Mach line马赫数Mach number马赫波Mach wave当地马赫数local Mach number冲击波shock wave 激波shock wave正激波normal shock wave斜激波oblique shock wave头波bow wave附体激波attached shock wave激波阵面shock front激波层shock layer压缩波compression wave反射reflection折射refraction散射scattering衍射diffraction绕射diffraction出口压力exit pressure超压[强]over pressure反压back pressure爆炸explosion爆轰detonation缓燃deflagration水动力学hydrodynamics液体动力学hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave斯托克斯波Stokes wave瑞利数Rayleigh number自由面free surface波速wave speed,wave velocity 波高wave height波列wave train波群wave group波能wave energy表面波surface wave表面张力波capillary wave规则波regular wave不规则波irregular wave浅水波shallow water wave深水波deep water wave重力波gravity wave椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave潮波tidal wave涌波surge wave破碎波breaking wave船波ship wave非线性波nonlinear wave孤立子soliton水动[力]噪声hydrodynamic noise水击water hammer空化cavitation空化数cavitation number空蚀cavitation damage超空化流supercavitating flow水翼hydrofoil水力学hydraulics洪水波flood wave涟漪ripple消能energy dissipation海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics谢齐公式Chezy formula欧拉数Euler number弗劳德数Froude number水力半径hydraulic radius水力坡度hvdraulic slope高度水头elevating head水头损失head loss水位water level水跃hydraulic jump含水层aquifer排水drainage排放量discharge壅水曲线back water curve压[强水]头pressure head过水断面flow cross-section明槽流open channel flow孔流orifice flow无压流free surface flow有压流pressure flow缓流subcritical flow急流supercritical flow渐变流gradually varied flow急变流rapidly varied flow临界流critical flow异重流density current,gravity flow堰流weir flow掺气流aerated flow含沙流sediment-laden stream降水曲线dropdown curve沉积物sediment,deposit沉[降堆]积sedimentation,deposition沉降速度settling velocity流动稳定性flow stability不稳定性instability奥尔-索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程vorticity equation泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow奥辛流Oseen flow剪切流shear flow粘性流[动]viscous flow层流laminar flow分离流separated flow二次流secondary flow近场流near field flow远场流far field flow滞止流stagnation flow尾流wake[flow]回流back flow反流reverse flow射流jet自由射流free jet管流pipe flow,tube flow内流internal flow拟序结构coherent structure猝发过程bursting process表观粘度apparent viscosity运动粘性kinematic viscosity动力粘性dynamic viscosity泊poise厘泊centipoise厘沱centistoke剪切层shear layer次层sublayer流动分离flow separation层流分离laminar separation湍流分离turbulent separation分离点separation point附着点attachment point再附reattachment再层流化relaminariz ation起动涡starting vortex驻涡standing vortex涡旋破碎vortex breakdown涡旋脱落vortex shedding压[力]降pressure drop压差阻力pressure drag压力能pressure energy型阻profile drag滑移速度slip velocity无滑移条件non-slip condition壁剪应力skin friction,frictional drag。
工程力学常见专业英语词汇总结
空间变量spatial variations
直径diameter
半径radius
必要条件prerequisite
充分条件sufficient condition
质量守恒conservation of mass
动量守恒conservation of momentum
静定问题statically determinate problems
超静定问题statically indeterminate problem
轴向荷载axial load
均布荷载uniform distribution load
集中荷载concentrated load
冲击荷载shock loading
机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy
能量守恒conservation of energy
守恒定律law of conservation
摩擦friction
内摩擦角friction angle
水平面horizontal plane
假想平面imaginary plane
相互垂直平面mutually perpendicular planes
平面外法向outward normal to the plane
前言preface
后记postscript
附录appendix
连续介质continuousmedium
非连续介质discontinuous medium
周围介质surroundingmedium
气体静力学aerostatics
气体动力学aerodynamics
变形量the amount of deformation
力学英文词汇
索引（按照汉语拼音字母顺序）A安全系数 safety factorB半桥接法 half bridge闭口薄壁杆件 thin-walled tubes比例极限 proportional limit边界条件 boundary conditions变截面梁 beam of variable cross section变形 deformation变形协调方程 compatibility equation标距 gage length泊松比 Poisson’s ratio补偿片 compensating blockC材料力学 mechanics of materials冲击荷载 impact load初应力，预应力 initial stress纯剪切 pure shear纯弯曲 pure bending脆性材料 brittle materialsD大柔度杆 long columns单位荷载 unit load单位力偶 unit couple单位荷载法 unit-load method单向应力 uniaxial stress等强度梁 beam of constant strength低周疲劳 low-cycle fatigue电桥平衡 bridge balancing电阻应变片 resistance strain gage电阻应变仪 resistance strain indicator叠加法 superposition method叠加原理 superposition principle动荷载 dynamic load断面收缩率 percentage reduction in area多余约束 redundant restraintE二向应力状态 state of biaxial stressF分布力 distributed force复杂应力状态 state of triaxial stress复合材料 composite materialG杆，杆件 bar刚度 stiffness刚架 frame刚节点 rigid joint高周疲劳 high-cycle fatigue各向同性材料 isotropical material功的互等定理 reciprocal-work theorem工作应变计 active strain gage工作应力 working stress构件 structural member惯性半径 radius of gyration of an area惯性积 product of inertia惯性矩 moment of inertia广义胡克定律 generalized Hook’s lawH横向变形 lateral deformation胡克定律 Hook’s law滑移线 slip-linesIJ基本系统 primary system畸变能理论 distortion energy theory畸变能密度 distortional strain energy density 极惯性矩 polar moment of inertia极限应力 ultimate stress极限荷载 limit load挤压应力 bearing stress剪力 shear force剪力方程 equation of shear force剪力图 shear force diagram剪力流 shear flow剪切胡克定律 Hook’s law for shear剪切 shear交变应力，循环应力 cyclic stress截面法 method of sections截面几何性质 geometrical properties of an area 截面核心 core of section静不定次数，超静定次数 degree of a statically indeterminate problem静不定问题，超静定问题 statically indeterminate problem静定问题 statically determinate problem静荷载 static load静矩 static moment颈缩 neckingK开口薄壁杆件 bar of thin-walled open cross section抗拉强度 ultimate stress in tension抗扭截面系数 section modulus in torsion抗扭强度 ultimate stress in torsion抗弯截面系数 section modulus in bendingL拉压刚度 axial rigidity拉压杆 axially loaded bar理想弹塑性假设 elastic-perfectly plastic assumption力法 force method力学性能 mechanical properties连续梁 continuous beam连续条件 continuity condition梁 beams临界应力 critical stress临界荷载 critical loadM名义屈服强度 offset yielding stress莫尔强度理论 Mohr theory of failure敏感栅 sensitive gridN挠度 deflection挠曲线 deflection curve挠曲线方程 equation of deflection curve挠曲线近似微分方程 approximately differential equation of the deflection curve 内力 internal forces扭矩 torsional moment扭矩图 torque diagram扭转 torsion扭转极限应力 ultimate stress in torsion扭转角 angel of twist扭转屈服极限 yielding stress in torsion扭转刚度 torsional rigidityO欧拉公式 Euler’s formula疲劳极限 endurance limit疲劳破坏 fatigue rupture疲劳寿命 fatigue life偏心拉伸 eccentric tension偏心压缩 eccentric compression平均应力 average stress平面弯曲 plane bending平面应力状态 state of plane stress平行移轴定理 parallel axis theorem平面假设 plane cross-section assumptionQ强度 strength强度理论 theory of strength强度条件 strength condition切变模量 shear modulus切应变 shear strain切应力 shear stress切应力互等定理 theorem of conjugate shearing stress 屈服 yield屈服强度 yield strength全桥接线法 full bridgeR热应力 thermal stressS三向应力状态 state of triaxial stress三轴直角应变花 three-element rectangular rosette三轴等角应变花 three-element delta rosette失稳 buckling伸长率 elongation圣维南原理 Saint-Venant’s principle实验应力分析 experimental stress analysis塑性变形 plastic deformation塑性材料 ductile materials塑性铰 plastic hingeT弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elasticity体积力 body force体积改变比能 density of energy of volume change体积应变 volume strainUW弯矩 bending moment弯矩方程 equation of bending moment弯矩图 bending moment diagram弯曲 bending弯曲刚度 flexural rigidity弯曲正应力 normal stress in bending弯曲切应力 shear stress in bending弯曲中心 shear center位移法 displacement method位移互等定理 reciprocal-displacement theorem稳定条件 stability condition稳定性 stability稳定安全系数 safety factor for stabilityX细长比，柔度 slenderness ratio线性弹性体 linear elastic body相当长度 equivalent length相当应力 equivalent stress小柔度杆 short columns形心轴 centroidal axis形心主惯性矩 principal centroidal moments of inertia 形心主轴 principal centroidal axis许用应力 allowable stress许用应力法 allowable stress method许用荷载 allowable load许用荷载法 allowable load methodY应变花 strain rosette应变片 strain gage应变能 strain energy应变比能 strain energy density应力 stress应力速率 stress ratio应力比 stress ratio应力幅 stress amplitude应力状态 state of stress应力集中 stress concentration应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力－寿命曲线，S-N曲线 stress-cycle curve应力－应变图 stress-strain diagram应力圆，莫尔圆 Mohr’s circle for stresses约束扭转 constraint torsionZ正应变 normal strain正应力 normal stress中面 middle plane中柔度杆 intermediate columns中性层 neutral surface中性轴 neutral axis轴 shaft轴力 axial force轴力图 axial force diagram轴向变形 axial deformation轴向拉伸 axial tension轴向压缩 axial compression主平面 principal planes主应力 principal stress主应力迹线 principal stress trajectory主轴 principal axis主惯性矩 principal moment of inertia转角 angel of rotation转轴公式 transformation equation自由扭转 free torsion组合变形 combined deformation组合截面 composite area最大拉应力理论 maximum tensile stress theory 最大拉应变理论 maximum tensile strain theory 最大切应力理论 maximum shear stress theory最大应力 maximum stress最小应力 minimum stress。
力学英文名词对照.
力学 mechanics牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics 经典力学 classical mechanics静力学 statics运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamics子波 wavelet次级子波 secondary wavelet驻波 standing wave声[音] sound声强 intensity of sound声强计 phonometer声调 intonation音色 musical quality音调 pitch声级 sound level声压[强] sound pressure声源 sound source声阻抗 acoustic impedance声抗 acoustic reactance声阻 acoustic resistance声导纳 acoustic admittance声导 acoustic conductance声纳 acoustic susceptance声共振 acoustic resonance声波 sound wave超声波 supersonic wave声速 sound velocity次声波 infrasonic wave亚声速 subsonic speed又称“亚音速”。
超声速 supersonic speed又称“超音速”。
声呐 sonar共鸣 resonance回波 echo回声 echo拍 beat拍频 beat frequency群速 group velocity相速 phase velocity能流 energy flux能流密度 energy flux density材料力学 mechanics of materials, strength of materials 应力 stress法向应力 normal stress剪[切]应力 shear stress单轴应力 uniaxial stress双轴应力 biaxial stress拉[伸]应力 tensile stress压[缩]应力 compressive stress周向应力 circumferential stress纵向应力 longitudinal stress轴向应力 axial stress弯[曲]应力 bending stress, flexural stress 扭[转]应力 torsional stress局部应力 localized stress残余应力 residual stress热应力 thermal stress最大法向应力 maximum normal stress最小法向应力 minimum normal stress最大剪应力 maximum shear stress主应力 principal stress主剪应力 principal shear stress工作应力 working stress许用应力 allowable stress应力集中 stress concentration应力集中系数 stress concentration factor 应力状态 state of stress应力分析 stress analysis结构[强度]分析 structured analysis应变 strain剪[切]应变 shear strain法向应变 normal strain拉[伸]应变 tensile strain压[缩]应变 compressive strain体积应变 volumetric strain残余应变 residual strain热应变 thermal strain最大法向应变 maximum normal strain主应变 principal strain主剪应变 principal shear strain名义应变 nominal strain应变状态 state of strain载荷 load又称“荷载”。
常用物理英语词汇(全)
常用物理英语词汇(全)力学（Mechanics）1. Force（力）2. Acceleration（加速度）3. Momentum（动量）4. Kinetic Energy（动能）5. Potential Energy（势能）6. Gravity（重力）7. Friction（摩擦力）8. Torque（扭矩）9. Angular Momentum（角动量）10. Work（功）热学（Thermodynamics）11. Temperature（温度）12. Heat（热量）13. Internal Energy（内能）14. Entropy（熵）15. Boyle's Law（波义耳定律）16. Charles's Law（查理定律）17. GayLussac's Law（盖吕萨克定律）18. Ideal Gas Law（理想气体定律）19. First Law of Thermodynamics（热力学第一定律）20. Second Law of Thermodynamics（热力学第二定律）电磁学（Electromagnetism）21. Electric Charge（电荷）22. Electric Field（电场）23. Magnetic Field（磁场）24. Current（电流）25. Voltage（电压）26. Resistance（电阻）27. Capacitance（电容）28. Inductance（电感）29. Ohm's Law（欧姆定律）30. Ampère's Law（安培定律）光学（Optics）31. Light（光）32. Refraction（折射）33. Reflection（反射）34. Diffraction（衍射）35. Interference（干涉）36. Polarization（偏振）37. Lens（透镜）38. Prism（棱镜）39. Spectrum（光谱）40. Wave Optics（波动光学）现代物理（Modern Physics）41. Quantum Mechanics（量子力学）42. Relativity（相对论）43. Photon（光子）44. Electron（电子）45. Proton（质子）46. Neutron（中子）47. Quark（夸克）48. Black Hole（黑洞）49. Higgs Boson（希格斯玻色子）50. String Theory（弦理论）这些词汇仅为物理学中常用术语的一小部分。
力学_专业英语词汇
ϔ㠀 ㉏˖analytical mechanicsḐ Ь Lagrange multiplierḐ [䞣] LagrangianḐ Lagrange bracket⦃ cyclic coordinate⦃⿃ cyclic integral乓[䞣] Hamiltonian乓 Hamiltonian functionℷ canonical equationℷ canonical perturbationℷ canonical transformationℷ 䞣 canonical variable乓 ⧚ Hamilton principle⫼䞣⿃ action integral乓-䲙 ↨ Hamilton-Jacobi equation⫼--㾦 䞣 action-angle variables䰓Խ Appell equation Routh equationḐ Lagrangian function䇎⡍ ⧚ Noether theorem⊞ poisson bracket䖍⬠⿃ ⊩ boundary integral methodⶶ dyad䖤 〇 stability of motion䔼䘧〇 orbital stability䲙 䇎 Lyapunov function⏤䖥〇 asymptotic stability㒧 〇 structural stabilityЙ ϡ〇 secular instability⋯ ⧚ Floquet theorem㽚 ⶽ capsizing moment㞾⬅ free vibrationnatural vibrationtransient state⦃ ambient vibrationanti-resonance㹄 attenuationҥ䰏 Coulomb dampingⳌ 䞣 in-phase component䴲 Ⳍ 䞣 out-of -phase component䍙䇗䞣 overshoot 䞣[▔ ] parametric vibration㊞ fuzzy vibrationЈ⬠䕀䗳 critical speed of rotation䰏 damperhalf-peak width䲚 䞣㋏㒳 lumped parameter system Ⳍ 䴶⊩ phase plane methodⳌ䔼䗍 phase trajectoryㄝ 㒓⊩ isocline method䏇䎗⦄䈵 jump phenomenon䋳䰏 negative damping䖒㢀 Duffing equation Hill equationKBM ⊩ KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu- bov-Mitropol'skii method偀㩖 Mathieu equation⊩ averaging method㒘 ䷇䇗 combination tone㾷䇤 detuning㗫 dissipative function⹀▔ hard excitation⹀ ㇻ hard spring, hardening spring䇤⊶ 㸵⊩harmonic balance methodЙ 乍 secular term㞾▔ self-excited vibration⬠㒓 separatrixѮ䇤⊶ subharmonic䕃 ㇻ soft spring ,softening spring䕃▔ soft excitation䙧 Dunkerley formula⨲ ⧚ Rayleigh theorem䞣㋏㒳 distributed parameter systemӬ 乥⥛ dominant frequency modal analysis natural mode of vibrationℹ synchronization䍙䇤⊶ ultraharmonic㣗 ⊶ van der pol equation乥䈅 frequency spectrum乥 fundamental frequencyWKB ⊩ WKB methodWKB ⊩Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method㓧 buffer亢▔ aeolian vibration号 buzz䈅cepstrum乸 chatter㲛㸠 hunting䰏 䜡 impedance matchingẄ 㒇 mechanical admittanceẄ ⥛ mechanical efficiencyẄ䰏 mechanical impedance䱣 stochastic vibration, random vibration䱨 vibration isolationvibration reduction䖛 stress overshootsurgeshimmy䍋ӣ䖤 phugoid motion䍋ӣ 㤵 phugoid oscillation偄 galloping䰔㶎 gyrodynamics䰔㶎 gyropendulum䰔㶎 gyroplatform䰔㶎 ⶽ gyroscoopic torque䰔㶎〇 gyrostabilizer䰔㶎ԧ gyrostat㟾 inertial guidance 㾦 attitude angleԡ㾦 azimuthal angle㟦 Schuler periodҎ robot dynamicsԧ㋏㒳 multibody systemԧ㋏㒳 multi-rigid-body systemmaneuverability⊩Kane method䕀 [㋏㒳] rotor dynamics䕀 [ϔ ϔ ⸔]㋏㒳 rotor-support- foundation system䴭 㸵 static balancing㸵 dynamic balancing䴭ϡ 㸵 static unbalanceϡ 㸵 dynamic unbalance⦄ 㸵 field balancingϡ 㸵 unbalanceϡ 㸵䞣 unbalanceѦ㗺 cross force䕀 flexible rotor乥䖯 fractional frequency precession乥䖯 half frequency precession⊍㝰 㤵 oil whip䕀 Ј⬠䕀䗳 rotor critical speed㞾 self-alignmentѮЈ⬠䕀䗳 subcritical speed⍵ whirlԧ ㉏˖elasticity⧚䆎 theory of elasticity⢊ homogeneous state of stress ϡ 䞣 stress invariantϡ 䞣 strain invariantἁ⧗ strain ellipsoid⢊ homogeneous state of strain䇗 equation of strain compatibilityṙ 䞣 Lame constantsisotropic elasticity䕀 Ⲭ rotating circular disk Ἠwedge䯂乬 Kelvin problem㽓 䯂乬 Boussinesq problem㡒䞠 Airy stress function㔫㋶ --〚 䌿 Ҕ㓈 ⊩ Kolosoff- Muskhelishvili method䳡 䆒 Kirchhoff hypothesisP lateⶽ Rectangular plateCircular plate⦃ Annular plate⊶㒍 Corrugated plateStiffened plate,reinforcedP lateЁ P late of moderate thickness[ ] Stress function of bending ShellShallow shell䕀 Revolutionary shell⧗ Spherical shell[ ] Cylindrical shell䫹 Conical shell⦃ Toroidal shell䯁 Closed shell⊶㒍 Corrugated shell[䕀] Stress function of torsion 㖬 Warping function䗚㾷⊩ semi-inverse method⨲ --䞠㣼⊩ Rayleigh-Ritz method⊩ Relaxation method㦅㓈⊩ Levy methodRelaxation䞣㒆 Dimensional analysis㞾ⳌԐ[ ] self-similarity䴶 Influence surface㾺 Contact stress䌿 ⧚䆎 Hertz theory䇗 㾺 Conforming contact⒥ 㾺 Sliding contact⒮ 㾺 Rolling contactIndentationAnisotropic elasticity乫㉦ Granular materialԧ Mechanics of granular media⛁ Thermoelasticity䍙 Hyperelasticity㉬ Viscoelasticity⧚ Correspondence principle㼊ⲅWrinkle䞣⧚䆎 Total theory of plasticity⒥ Sliding⒥Microslip㉫㊭ Roughness䴲㒓 Nonlinear elasticityLarge deflectionさ 䏇 snap-through䰤 Finite deformation Ḑ Green strain䰓 㽓 Almansi strainDynamic elasticity䖤 Equation of motion䴭 ⱘQuasi-static⇨ Aeroelasticity∈ Hydroelasticity乸 Flutter⊶Elastic waveㅔ ⊶Simple wave䴶⊶ Cylindrical wave∈ ⊶ Horizontal shear waveオⳈ ⊶Vertical shear waveԧ⊶ body wave⊶ Irrotational wave⭌ ⊶ Distortion wave㝼㚔⊶ Dilatation wave⨲ ⊶ Rayleigh waveㄝ ⊶ Equivoluminal wave⊶Love wave⬠䴶⊶ Interfacial wave䖍㓬 edge effectP lasticityFormability䞥 Metal forming㗤 Crashworthiness㒧 ↕ Structural crashworthiness Drawing⸈ Collapse mechanismSpringbackExtrusionStampingこ䗣Perforation㺖Spalling⧚䆎 Theory of plasticity[ ]⧚䆎 Shake-down theory䖤 ⧚ kinematic shake-down theorem䴭 ⧚ Static shake-down theorem ⥛Ⳍ ⧚䆎 rate dependent theorem䕑㥋 load factor䕑 Loading criterion䕑 Loading function䕑䴶 Loading surface䕑 P lastic loading䕑⊶ P lastic loading waveㅔ 䕑 Simple loading↨՟ 䕑 P roportional loading䕑 Unloading䕑⊶ Unloading wave䕑㥋 Impulsive load䰊䎗䕑㥋step load㛝 䕑㥋 pulse load䰤䕑㥋 limit loadЁ 䕑 nentral loading〇 instability in tension䗳 ⊶ acceleration wave constitutive equation㾷 complete solutionН nominal stress䖛 over-stressⳳ true stressㄝ equivalent stress⌕ flow stress䯈 stress discontinuityぎ䯈 stress spaceЏ ぎ䯈 principal stress space䴭∈ ⢊ hydrostatic state of stresslogarithmic strain engineering strainㄝ equivalent strain䚼 strain localization⥛ strain rate⥛ strain rate sensitivityぎ䯈 strain space䰤 finite strain䞣 plastic strain increment ㌃⿃ accumulated plastic strain ∌Й permanent deformation䞣 internal variable䕃 strain-softening⧚ rigid-perfectly plastic Materialrigid-plastic material⧚ perfectl plastic material 〇 stability of material䞣deviatoric tensor of strain䞣deviatori tensor of stress ⧗ 䞣spherical tensor of strain⧗ 䞣spherical tensor of stress䏃 Ⳍ path-dependency㒓 linear strain-hardeningstrain-hardening䱣 kinematic hardeningisotropic hardening䞣 strain-hardening moduluspower hardening䰤 ⶽ plastic limit bending Moment䰤 ⶽ plastic limit torqueelastic-plastic bendingѸ⬠䴶 elastic-plastic interface䕀 elastic-plastic torsion㉬ Viscoplasticity䴲 Inelasticity⧚ elastic-perfectly plastic Material䰤 limit analysis䰤䆒䅵 limit design䰤䴶limit surfaceϞ䰤 ⧚ upper bound theoremϞ ⚍upper yield pointϟ䰤 ⧚ lower bound theoremϟ ⚍ lower yield point⬠䰤 ⧚ bound theorem䴶initial yield surface㒻 䴶 subsequent yield surface䴶[ⱘ] convexity of yield surface䴶 ⢊ shape factor of cross-section ≭ ↨ sand heap analogyYieldӊ yield conditionyield criterionyield function䴶 yield surfaceplastic potential㛑䞣 㺙㕂 energy absorbing device㛑䞣㗫 ⥛ energy absorbing devicedynamic plasticitydynamic plastic bucklingdynamic plastic response⊶ plastic wave䖤 䆌 kinematically admissible Field䴭 䆌 statically admissibleField⌕ ⊩ flow rule䗳 䯈 velocity discontinuity⒥⿏㒓 slip-lines⒥⿏㒓 slip-lines field⿏㸠 䫄 travelling plastic hinge䞣⧚䆎 incremental theory ofP lasticity㉇⋑ Mises yield criterion⡍--㔫Ӟ ㋏ prandtl- Reuss relation⡍䳋 Tresca yield criterion⋯ Lode stress parameter㦅㓈--㉇⋑ ㋏ Levy-Mises relationѼ Hencky stress equation䌿㡒--䶺 ⡍ ぎ䯈Haigh-Westergaard stress space⋯ Lode strain parameter剕 䆒 Drucker postulateⲪ Ḑ䗳 Geiringer velocity Equation㒧 structural mechanics㒧 structural analysis㒧 structural dynamicsArchϝ䫄 three-hinged arch⠽㒓 parabolic archcircular archき乊Domeぎ䯈㒧 space structureぎ䯈ḕ space truss䲾䕑[㥋] snow load亢䕑[㥋] wind loadearth pressure䳛䕑㥋 earthquake loadingㇻ spring supportԡ⿏ support displacement≝䰡 support settlement䍙䴭 degree of indeterminacykinematic analysis 㒧⚍⊩ method of joints䴶⊩ method of sections㒧⚍ joint forces䕁ԡ⿏ conjugate displacement㒓 influence lineϝ ⶽ three-moment equationԡ㰮 unit virtual force㋏ stiffness coefficient㋏ flexibility coefficientⶽ 䜡 moment distributionⶽ 䜡⊩moment distribution methodⶽ 䜡 moment redistribution䜡㋏ distribution factorⶽ䰉ԡ⿏⊩matri displacement methodⶽ䰉 element stiffness matrixⶽ䰉 element strain matrixԧ global coordinates䋱㩖 ⧚ Betti theorem催 --㢹 ⍜ ⊩ Gauss-Jordan elimination Method buckling modemechanics of composites composite material㑸㓈 fibrous compositeunidirectional composite ⊵≿ foamed composite乫㉦ particulate compositeLaminatesandwich panelℷѸ cross-ply laminateѸ angle-ply laminate⠛Ply㚲 ԧ cellular solid㝼㚔 ExpansionDebulkDegradation㜅 Delamination㜅㉬ Debond㑸㓈 fiber stressply stressply strain䯈 interlaminar stress↨ specific strength㋏ strength reduction factor↨ strength -stress ratio῾ 䞣 transverse shear modulus ῾㾖 transverse isotropyℷѸ Orthotropy⒲ shear lag analysisⷁ㑸㓈 chopped fiber䭓㑸㓈 continuous fiber㑸㓈 fiber direction㑸㓈 㺖 fiber break㑸㓈 㜅 fiber pull-out㑸㓈 fiber reinforcement㟈 Densification䞡䞣䆒䅵 optimum weight design㔥Ḑ ⊩ netting analysis⏋ rule of mixturefailure criterion㫵-- Tsai-W u failure criterion 䖒Ḑҷ Dugdale model㺖 fracture mechanicsὖ⥛ 㺖 probabilistic fracture MechanicsḐ䞠㧆 ⧚䆎 Griffith theory㒓 㺖 linear elastic fracturemechanics, LEFM㺖 elastic-plastic fracture mecha-nics, EP FM㺖 Fracture㛚 㺖 brittle fracture㾷⧚ 㺖 cleavage fracture㷩 㺖 creep fracture㺖 ductile fracture䯈 㺖 inter-granular fracture㾷⧚ 㺖 quasi-cleavage fractureこ 㺖 trans-granular fracture㺖㒍Crack㺖㓱Flaw㔎䱋Defect㓱Slit㺖㒍Microcrack㺖Kinkἁ 㺖㒍 elliptical crack⏅ 㺖㒍 embedded crack[䪅] ⢊㺖㒍 penny-shape crack乘 㺖㒍 P recrack ⷁ㺖㒍 short crack㸼䴶㺖㒍 surface crack㺖㒍䩱 crack blunting㺖㒍 crack branching㺖㒍䯁 crack closure㺖㒍 㓬 crack front㺖㒍 crack mouth㺖㒍 㾦crack opening angle,COA㺖㒍 ԡ⿏ crack opening displacement, COD㺖㒍䰏 crack resistance㺖㒍䴶 crack surface㺖㒍 ッ crack tip㺖 㾦 crack tip opening angle,CTOA㺖 ԡ⿏ crack tip openingdisplacement, CTOD㺖 crack tip singularity Field㺖㒍 䗳⥛ crack growth rate〇 㺖㒍 stable crack growth㺖㒍 steady crack growthѮЈ⬠㺖㒍 subcritical crack growth 㺖㒍[ ] 䗳 crack retardationℶ㺖crack arrestℶ㺖䶻 arrest toughness㺖㉏ fracture mode⒥ sliding modeopening modetearing modemixed mode㺖 Tearing㺖䞣 tearing modulus㺖 fracture criterionJ⿃ J-integralJ䰏 㒓 J-resistance curve㺖䶻 fracture toughnessstress intensity factorHRR Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren Field⿃ conservation integral䞣 effective stress tensor㛑 strain energy density㛑䞣䞞 ⥛ energy release rate㘮 cohesive zoneplastic zonestretched zone⛁ heat affected zone, HAZ㛚䕀 ⏽ brittle-ductile transitiontemperatureshear bandshear lipẔ⌟ non-destructive inspection䖍㔎 䆩ӊdouble edge notchedspecimen, DEN specimen䖍㔎 䆩ӊ single edge notchedspecimen, SEN specimenϝ⚍ 䆩ӊ three point bendingspecimen, TP B specimenЁ 㺖㒍 Ԍ䆩ӊ center cracked tension specimen, CCT specimenЁ 㺖㒍 䆩ӊ center cracked panelspecimen, CCP specimen㋻ Ԍ䆩ӊ compact tension specimen, CT specimen㣗 large scale yielding㣗 small scale yielding䶺 Weibull distribution䞠 paris formulaぎえ Cavitation㜤㱔 stress corrosionὖ⥛亢䰽 probabilistic riskassessment, P RAӸ damage mechanicsӸDamage䖲㓁ҟ䋼 Ӹ continuum damage mechanics㒚㾖 Ӹ microscopic damage mechanics㌃⿃ Ӹ accumulated damage㛚 Ӹ brittle damageӸ ductile damage㾖 Ӹ macroscopic damage㒚㾖 Ӹ microscopic damage㾖 Ӹ microscopic damageӸ damage criterionӸⓨ damage evolution equation Ӹ䕃 damage softeningӸ damage strengthening Ӹ 䞣 damage tensorӸ䯜 damage thresholdӸ 䞣 damage variableӸⶶ䞣 damage vectorӸ damage zone⮆ FatigueԢ ⮆ low cycle fatigue⮆ stress fatigue䱣 ⮆ random fatigue㷩 ⮆ creep fatigue㜤㱔⮆ corrosion fatigue⮆ Ӹ fatigue damage⮆ fatigue failure⮆ 㺖 fatigue fracture⮆ 㺖㒍 fatigue crack⮆ fatigue life⮆ ⸈ fatigue rupture⮆ fatigue strength⮆ 䕝㒍 fatigue striations⮆ 䯜 fatigue thresholdѸ 䕑㥋 alternating loadѸ alternating stressstress amplitude⮆ strain fatigue⦃ stress cycle↨ stress ratiosafe life䖛䕑 overloading effect⦃⹀ cyclic hardening⦃䕃 cyclic softening⦃ environmental effect㺖㒍⠛crack gage㺖㒍 crack growth, crack P ropagation㺖㒍㧠⫳ crack initiation⦃↨ cycle ratio偠 experimental stressAnalysis[ ]⠛ active[strain] gagebacking material䅵stress gage䳊[⚍]京⿏zero shift, zero drift⌟䞣 strain measurement䅵strain gage⼎ strain indicator㢅 strain rosette♉ strain sensitivityẄ Ҿ mechanical strain gage Ⳉ㾦 㢅 rectangular rosetteԌҾ Extensometer䘹⌟ telemetering of strain῾ ♉ ㋏ transverse gage factor ῾ ♉ transverse sensitivity⛞ 䅵 weldable strain gage 㸵⬉ḹ balanced bridge㉬䌈 䅵 bonded strain gage㉬䌈ㅨ 䅵bonded foiled gage㉬䌈ϱ 䅵 bonded wire gage ḹ䏃 㸵 bridge balancing⬉ 䅵 capacitance strain gage 㸹 ⠛ compensation technique㸹 compensation technique⬉ḹ reference bridge⬉䰏 䅵 resistance strain gage⏽ 㞾㸹 䅵 self-temperature compensating gageԧ 䅵 semiconductor strain Gage䲚⌕ slip ring䬰 strain amplifier⮆ 䅵 fatigue life gage⬉ 䅵 inductance [strain] gage [⌟] P hotomechanicsP hotoelasticityP hotoplasticity⇣ 㒍 Young fringebirefrigent effectㄝԡ⿏㒓 contour of equalDisplacement㒍 dark fringe㒍 fringe multiplication⍝ 㒍 interference fringeㄝ 㒓 Isochromaticㄝ 㒓 Isoclinicㄝ 㒓 isopachicstress- optic lawЏ 䗍㒓 Isostatic҂ 㒍 light fringe optical path difference⛁ photo-thermo -elasticity䌈⠛⊩ photoelastic coating Method⠛⊩ photoelastic sandwich Methoddynamic photo-elasticityぎ䯈Ⓒ⊶ spatial filteringぎ䯈乥⥛ spatial frequency䍋 䬰 P olarizerҾ reflection polariscope ⅟ԭ residual birefringent Effect㒍 strain fringe value♉ strain-optic sensitivity 㒧 stress freezing effect㒍 stress fringe valuestress-optic patterntemporary birefringent Effect㛝 ⊩ pulsed holography䗣 Ҿ transmission polariscope ⍝⊩ real-time holographicinterfero - metry㔥Ḑ⊩ grid method⊩ holo-photoelasticityHologram✻Ⳍ Holograph⍝⊩ holographic interferometry ѥ㒍⊩ holographic moire technique Holography⊩ whole-field analysis⍝⊩ speckle interferometrySpeckle䫭ԡ ⍝⊩ speckle-shearinginterferometry, shearographySpecklegramⱑ ⊩white-light speckle methodѥ㒍 ⍝⊩ moire interferometry[ ]ѥ㒍 moire fringe[ ]ѥ㒍⊩ moire methodѥ㒍 moire pattern⾏䴶ѥ㒍⊩ off-plane moire method㗗 reference grating䆩ӊ specimen gratinganalyzer grating䴶 ѥ㒍⊩ in-plane moire method㛚 ⍖ ⊩ brittle-coating method⊩ strip coating methodtransformation ofCoordinates䅵ㅫ㒧 computational structuralmecha-nics⅟䞣⊩weighted residual method䰤 ⊩ finite difference method䰤[ ] ⊩ finite element method䜡⚍⊩ point collocation䞠㣼⊩ Ritz methodН ⧚ generalized variational PrincipleѠЬ⊩ least square method㚵[⍋ ]ϔ吿⋹ ⧚ Hu-Washizu principle 䌿 Ḑ-䌪 㒇 ⧚ Hellinger-Reissner Principleℷ ⧚ modified variational Principle㑺 ⧚ constrained variational Principle⏋ ⊩ mixed methodѸ⊩ hybrid method䖍⬠㾷⊩boundary solution method䰤 ⊩ finite strip method㾷 ⊩ semi-analytical method䇗 conforming element䴲 䇗 non-conforming element⏋ mixed elementѸ hybrid element䖍⬠ boundary element䖿䖍⬠ ӊ forced boundary condition 㞾✊䖍⬠ ӊ natural boundary condition ⾏ Discretization⾏ ㋏㒳 discrete system䖲㓁䯂乬 continuous problemНԡ⿏ generalized displacementН䕑㥋 generalized loadН generalized strainН generalized stress⬠䴶 䞣 interface variable 㡖⚍ node, nodal point[ ] Element㾦㡖⚍ corner node䖍㡖⚍ mid-side node㡖⚍ internal node㡖⚍ 䞣 nodeless variablebar elementḕ truss elementṕ beam elementѠ㓈 two-dimensional elementϔ㓈 one-dimensional elementϝ㓈 three-dimensional element䕈 ⿄ axisymmetric elementplate elementshell elementthick plate elementϝ㾦 triangular element䖍 quadrilateral element䴶ԧ tetrahedral element㒓 curved elementѠ quadratic element㒓 linear elementϝ cubic element quartic elementㄝ [ ] isoparametric element䍙 super-parametric elementѮ sub-parametric element㡖⚍ variable-number-node elementḐ Lagrange elementḐ Lagrange family䖍⚍ serendipity element䖍⚍ serendipity family䰤 infinite elementelement analysis⡍ element characteristicsⶽ䰉 stiffness matrixԩⶽ䰉 geometric matrixㄝ 㡖⚍ equivalent nodal force㡖⚍ԡ⿏ nodal displacement㡖⚍䕑㥋 nodal loadԡ⿏ⶶ䞣 displacement vector䕑㥋ⶶ䞣 load vector䋼䞣ⶽ䰉 mass matrix䲚 䋼䞣ⶽ䰉 lumped mass matrixⳌ 䋼䞣ⶽ䰉 consistent mass matrix䰏 ⶽ䰉 damping matrix⨲ 䰏 Rayleigh dampingⶽ䰉ⱘ㒘䲚 assembly of stiffnessMatrices䕑㥋ⶶ䞣ⱘ㒘䲚 consistent mass matrix䋼䞣ⶽ䰉ⱘ㒘䲚 assembly of mass matrices ⱘ㒘䲚 assembly of elements䚼 ㋏ local coordinate system䚼 local coordinate䴶⿃ area coordinatesԧ⿃ volume coordinates㒓 curvilinear coordinates䴭 㘮 static condensationcontragradient transformation⢊ shape function䆩 trial functionẔ偠 test functionweight functionḋ spline functionҷ⫼ substitute function䰡䰊⿃ reduced integration䳊㛑 zero-energy modeP p-convergenceH h-convergence⏋ blended interpolationㄝ isoparametric mapping㒓 bilinear interpolationẔ偠 patch test䴲 䇗 incompatible mode 㡖⚍ node numberelement numberband width⢊ⶽ䰉 banded matrix⢊ⶽ䰉 profile matrixminimization of band width⊶ ⊩ frontal methodぎ䯈䗁ҷ⊩ subspace iteration method 㸠 ㋶⊩determinant search method䗤ℹ⊩ step-by-step method㒑偀 ⊩Newmark䗞⊩ Wilson⠯乓⊩ quasi-Newton method⠯乓- Ể⊩ Newton-Raphson method 䞣⊩ incremental methodinitial straininitial stress㒓 ⶽ䰉 tangent stiffness matrix㒓 ⶽ䰉 secant stiffness matrix ⊩mode superposition method㸵䗁ҷ equilibrium iteration㒧 Substructure㒧 ⊩ substructure technique䍙 super-element㔥Ḑ⫳ mesh generation㒧 structural analysis program ⧚ pre-processing⧚ post-processing㔥Ḑ㒚 mesh refinement乎 stress smoothing㒘 㒧 composite structure⌕ԧ ㉏˖⌕ԧ fluid dynamics䖲㓁ҟ䋼 mechanics of continuousmediaҟ䋼medium⌕ԧ䋼⚍ fluid particle㉬ ⌕ԧ nonviscous fluid, inviscidfluid䖲㓁ҟ䋼 䆒 continuous medium hypothesis⌕ԧ䖤 fluid kinematics∈䴭 hydrostatics ⎆ԧ䴭 hydrostatics䜡 governing equationԃ Bernoulli equationԃ ⧚ Bernonlli theorem↩ -㧼Ӥ Biot-Savart law Euler equationѹ 䳡 ⧚ Helmholtz theorem⧚ Kelvin theorem⍵⠛ vortex sheet-㤍 ӊ Kutta-Zhoukowskiconditionӥ 㾷 Blasius solution䖒 䋱 Ճ d'Alembert paradox 䳋䇎 Reynolds number⡍剕 Strouhal number䱣ԧ material derivativeϡ 㓽⌕ԧ incompressible fluid 䋼䞣 conservation of mass䞣 conservation of momentum 㛑䞣 conservation of energy䞣 momentum equation㛑䞣 energy equationԧ⿃ control volume⎆ԧ䴭 hydrostatic pressure⍵䞣 㛑 enstrophydifferential pressure⌕[ ] flow⌕㒓stream line⌕䴶 stream surface⌕ㅵstream tube䗍㒓path, path line⌕ flow field⌕ flow regime⌕ 䞣 flow parameter⌕䞣 flow rate, flow discharge⍵ vortex⍵䞣 vorticity⍵ϱ vortex filament⍵㒓 vortex line⍵䴶 vortex surface⍵ vortex layer⍵⦃ vortex ring⍵ vortex pair⍵ㅵ vortex tube⍵㸫 vortex street䮼⍵㸫 Karman vortex street偀䐘⍵ horseshoe vortex⌕⍵㚲 convective cellㄦ⍵㚲 roll cell⍵ eddy⍵㉬ eddy viscosity⦃⌕ circulation⦃䞣 circulation䗳 ⦃䞣 velocity circulation doublet, dipole偏⚍ stagnation point[ ] total pressuretotal head䴭 static head⛧ total enthalpy㛑䞣䕧䖤 energy transport䗳 䴶 velocity profile⡍⌕ Couette flowⳌ⌕ single phase flow㒘ӑ⌕ single-component flow⌕ uniform flow䴲 ⌕ nonuniform flowѠ㓈⌕ two-dimensional flowϝ㓈⌕ three-dimensional flow⌕ quasi-steady flow䴲 ⌕unsteady flow, non-steady flow ⌕transient flow⌕ periodic flow㤵⌕ oscillatory flow⌕ stratified flow⌕ irrotational flow⌕ rotational flow䕈 ⿄⌕ axisymmetric flowϡ 㓽 incompressibilityϡ 㓽⌕[ ] incompressible flow ⍂ԧ floating bodyЁ metacenter䰏 drag, resistance䰏 drag reduction㸼䴶 surface force㸼䴶 surface tension↯㒚[ㅵ]⫼ capillarity⌕ incoming flow㞾⬅⌕ free stream㞾⬅⌕㒓 free stream line⌕ external flow䖯 entrance, inletexit, outletdisturbance, perturbationdistributionӴ propagation㡆 dispersiondispersion䰘 䋼䞣added mass ,associated mass㓽 contraction䬰䈵⊩ image method䞣㒆 dimensionless parameterԩⳌԐ geometric similarity䖤 ⳌԐ kinematic similarityⳌԐ[ ] dynamic similarity䴶⌕ plane flowpotential⌕ potential flow䗳 velocity potentialcomplex potential䗳 complex velocity⌕ stream function⑤source∛sink䗳 [∈] velocity head㾦⌕ corner flowぎ⊵⌕cavity flow䍙ぎ⊵ supercavity䍙ぎ⊵⌕ supercavity flowぎ⇨ aerodynamicsԢ䗳ぎ⇨ low-speed aerodynamics 催䗳ぎ⇨ high-speed aerodynamics ⇨ ⛁ aerothermodynamicsѮ 䗳⌕[ ] subsonic flow䎼 䗳⌕[ ] transonic flow䍙 䗳⌕[ ] supersonic flow䫹 ⌕ conical flowἨ⌕wedge flow⌕ cascade flow䴲 㸵⌕[ ] non-equilibrium flow㒚䭓ԧ slender body㒚䭓 slenderness䩱 ԧ bluff body䩱ԧ blunt body㗐 airfoil㗐 chord㭘㗐⧚䆎 thin-airfoil theoryconfiguration㓬 trailing edge䖢㾦 angle of attack䗳stall㜅ԧ▔⊶detached shock wave ⊶䰏wave drag䇅 䰏 induced drag䇅 䗳 induced velocityЈ⬠䳋䇎 critical Reynolds number㓬⍵ leading edge vortex䰘ⴔ⍵ bound vortex㑺 ⍵ confined vortex⇨ Ё aerodynamic center⇨ aerodynamic force⇨ aerodynamic noise⇨ ⛁ aerodynamic heating⾏㾷 dissociation䴶 ground effect⇨ԧ gas dynamics⿔⭣⊶ rarefaction wave⛁⢊ thermal equation of stateㅵNozzle⡍-䖜㘊⌕ P randtl-Meyer flow⨲ ⌕ Rayleigh flow㓽⌕[ ] compressible flow㓽⌕ԧ compressible fluid㒱⛁⌕ adiabatic flow䴲㒱⛁⌕ diabatic flow⌕ undisturbed flowㄝ➉⌕ isentropic flow➉⌕ homoentropic flow䞥-Ѣ ӊ Rankine-Hugoniot condition⢊ equation of state䞣⛁⢊ caloric equation of state⇨ԧ perfect gas⪺ ㅵ Laval nozzle偀䌿㾦 Mach angle偀䌿䫹 Mach cone偀䌿㒓Mach line偀䌿 Mach number偀䌿⊶Mach wave偀䌿 local Mach number⊶ shock wave▔⊶ shock waveℷ▔⊶normal shock wave▔⊶oblique shock wave⊶ bow wave䰘ԧ▔⊶ attached shock wave▔⊶䰉䴶 shock front▔⊶ shock layer㓽⊶ compression wavereflectionrefractionscattering㸡 diffraction㒩 diffractionexit pressure䍙 [ ] over pressureback pressure⟚⚌ explosion⟚䕄 detonation㓧➗ deflagration∈ hydrodynamics⎆ԧ hydrodynamics⋄ ϡ〇 Taylor instability Ⲫ ⡍㒇⊶ Gerstner wave⊶ Stokes wave⨲ Rayleigh number㞾⬅䴶 free surface⊶䗳 wave speed, wave velocity ⊶催 wave height⊶ wave train⊶㕸 wave group⊶㛑wave energy㸼䴶⊶ surface wave㸼䴶 ⊶ capillary wave㾘 ⊶ regular waveϡ㾘 ⊶ irregular wave⌙∈⊶ shallow water wave⏅∈⊶deep water wave䞡 ⊶ gravity waveἁ ԭ ⊶ cnoidal wave╂⊶tidal wave⍠⊶surge wave⸈⊶ breaking wave㠍⊶ship wave䴲㒓 ⊶ nonlinear waveゟ soliton∈ [ ] hydrodynamic noise ∈ water hammerぎ cavitationぎ cavitation number ぎ㱔 cavitation damage䍙ぎ ⌕ supercavitating flow∈㗐 hydrofoil∈ hydraulics⋾∈⊶ flood wave⍳⓾ripple⍜㛑 energy dissipation⍋⋟∈ marine hydrodynamics䇶唤 Chezy formula Euler numberFroude number∈ hydraulic radius∈ hvdraulic slope催 ∈ elevating head∈ head loss∈ԡ water level∈䎗 hydraulic jump∈ aquifer∈ drainage䞣 discharge∈ 㒓back water curve[ ∈] pressure head䖛∈ 䴶 flow cross-sectionῑ⌕open channel flow⌕ orifice flow⌕ free surface flow⌕ pressure flow㓧⌕ subcritical flow⌕ supercritical flow⏤ ⌕gradually varied flow⌕ rapidly varied flowЈ⬠⌕ critical flow䞡⌕density current, gravity flow⌕weir flow⇨⌕ aerated flow≭⌕ sediment-laden stream䰡∈ 㒓 dropdown curve≝⿃⠽ sediment, deposit≝[䰡 ]⿃ sedimentation, deposition≝䰡䗳 settling velocity⌕ 〇 flow stabilityϡ〇 instability-㋶ 㧆 Orr-Sommerfeld equation ⍵䞣 vorticity equation⊞㙗 ⌕ P oiseuille flow䕯⌕ Oseen flow⌕ shear flow㉬ ⌕[ ] viscous flow⌕ laminar flow⾏⌕ separated flowѠ⌕ secondary flow䖥 ⌕near field flow䖰 ⌕ far field flow⒲ℶ⌕ stagnation flow⌕ wake [flow]⌕ back flow⌕ reverse flow⌕ jet㞾⬅ ⌕ free jetㅵ⌕pipe flow, tube flow⌕ internal flow㒧 coherent structure ⣱ 䖛 bursting process㸼㾖㉬ apparent viscosity 䖤 ㉬ kinematic viscosity ㉬ dynamic viscosity ⊞ poise⊞ centipoise⊅ centistokeshear layer sublayer⌕ ⾏ flow separation⌕ ⾏ laminar separation ␡⌕ ⾏ turbulent separation ⾏⚍ separation point䰘ⴔ⚍ attachment point䰘 reattachment⌕ relaminarization䍋 ⍵starting vortex偏⍵ standing vortex⍵ ⸈ vortex breakdown ⍵ 㜅㨑 vortex shedding[ ]䰡 pressure drop䰏 pressure drag㛑 pressure energy䰏 profile drag⒥⿏䗳 slip velocity⒥⿏ ӊ non-slip condition skin friction, frictional drag䗳 friction velocity⺼ friction loss⺼ friction factor㗫 dissipation⒲ lagⳌԐ 㾷 similar solutionⳌԐ local similarity⇨ԧ⍺⒥ gas lubrication⎆ԧ ⍺⒥ hydrodynamic lubrication ⌚ԧ slurry⋄ Taylor number㒇㓈- Navier-Stokes equation ⠯乓⌕ԧ Newtonian fluid䖍⬠ ⧚䆎boundary later theory䖍⬠ boundary layer equation䖍⬠ boundary layer䰘䴶 boundary layer⌕䖍⬠ laminar boundary layer␡⌕䖍⬠ turbulent boundary layer⏽ 䖍⬠ thermal boundary layer䖍⬠ 䕀 boundary layer transition䖍⬠ ⾏boundary layer separation䖍⬠ boundary layer thicknessԡ⿏ displacement thickness䞣 momentum thickness㛑䞣 energy thickness⛧ enthalpy thickness⊼ injectionsuction⋄ ⍵ Taylor vortex䗳 ѣ velocity defect law⢊ shape factor⌟䗳⊩ anemometry㉬ ⌟ ⊩ visco[si] metry⌕ ⼎ flow visualization⊍⚳ ⼎ oil smoke visualization⌕䞣䅵 orifice meter乥⥛ frequency response⊍㝰 ⼎oil film visualization䰈 ⊩ shadow method㒍 ⊩ schlieren method⚳ϱ⊩smoke wire methodϱ㒓⊩ tuft method⇶⊵⊩nydrogen bubble methodⳌԐ⧚䆎 similarity theoryⳌԐ similarity law䚼 ⳌԐ partial similarity⧚pi theorem, Buckingham theorem䴭[ ] static calibrationdynamic calibration亢⋲ wind tunnel▔⊶ㅵ shock tube▔⊶ㅵ亢⋲shock tube wind tunnel∈⋲ water tunnel∈∴ towing tank㞖∈∴ rotating arm basin↉ diffuser⌟ pressure tapⲂ ㅵ pitot tube䳋 乓ㅵ preston tube乓ㅵ Stanton tubeϬ䞠ㅵ Venturi tubeU ㅵU-tube䅵 manometer䅵 micromanometerㅵ 䅵 multiple manometer䴭 ㅵ static [pressure]tube⌕䗳䅵 anemometer亢䗳ㅵ P itot- static tube▔ ⌟䗳䅵 laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler velocimeter⛁㒓⌕䗳䅵 hot-wire anemometer⛁㝰⌕䗳䅵hot- film anemometer⌕䞣䅵 flow meter㉬ 䅵 visco[si] meter⍵䞣䅵 vorticity meterӴ transducer, sensorӴ pressure transducer⛁ ⬉䰏thermistor⼎䏾⠽ tracer䯈㒓time line㛝㒓 streak linescale effectwall effectblockageblockage effectdynamic response 乥⥛ response frequencybase pressure㧆 Fick law⡍ Basset force⡍ Eckert numberḐ 䳡 Grashof number⡍ Nusselt number⡍ prandtl number䳋䇎↨ Reynolds analogy⡍ schmidt number乓 Stanton number⌕ convection㞾⬅ ⌕ natural convection, free convection䖿 ⌕ forced convection⛁ ⌕ heat convection䋼䞣Ӵ䗦 mass transferӴ䋼㋏ mass transfer coefficient⛁䞣Ӵ䗦 heat transferӴ⛁㋏ heat transfer coefficient⌕Ӵ⛁ convective heat transfer䕤 Ӵ⛁ radiative heat transfer䞣Ѹ momentum transfer㛑䞣Ӵ䗦 energy transferӴ conduction⛁Ӵ conductive heat transfer⛁Ѹ heat exchangeЈ⬠⛁䗮䞣critical heat flux⌧ concentrationdiffusiondiffusivity⥛ diffusivity䗳 diffusion velocitymolecular diffusion⊌㝒 boiling㪌 evaporation⇨ gasification㒧 condensationḌ nucleation䅵ㅫ⌕ԧ computational fluid mechanics䞡 䯂乬 multiple scale problemԃḐ Burgers equation⌕ convection diffusion equation。
力学专业词汇汇总-中英文对照
力学专业词汇汇总-中英文对照拉力 tensile force正应力 normal stress切应力 shear stress静水压力 hydrostatic pressure集中力 concentrated force分布力 distributed force线性应力应变关系linear relationship between stress andstrain弹性模量 modulus of elasticity横向力 lateral force transverse force轴向力 axial force拉应力 tensile stress压应力 compressive stress平衡方程 equilibrium equation静力学方程equations of static比例极限 proportional limit应力应变曲线stress-strain curve拉伸实验tensile test‘屈服应力 yield stress极限应力 ultimate stress轴 shaft梁 beam纯剪切 pure shear横截面积 cross-sectional area挠度曲线 deflection curve曲率半径 radius of curvature曲率半径的倒数 reciprocal of radius of curvature 纵轴 longitudinal axis悬臂梁 cantilever beam简支梁 simply supported beam微分方程 differential equation惯性矩 moment of inertia静矩 staticmoment扭矩 torque moment弯矩 bendingmoment弯矩对x的导数derivative of bending moment with respect to x弯矩对x的二阶导数 the second derivative of bending moment with respect to x静定梁 statically determinate beam静不定梁 statically indeterminate beam相容方程 compatibility equation补充方程 complementary equation中性轴 neutralaxis圆截面 circular cross section两端作用扭矩 twisted by couples at two ends 刚体 rigid body扭转角 twistangle静力等效 statically equivalent相互垂直平面mutually perpendicular planes通过截面形心 throughthe centroid of the cross section一端铰支 pin support at one end一端固定 fixed atone end弯矩图 bending moment diagram剪力图 shear force diagram剪力突变 abrupt change in shear force、旋转和平移 rotation and translation虎克定律hook’s law边界条件 boundary condition初始位置 initial position、力矩面积法moment-area method绕纵轴转动 rotateabout a longitudinal axis横坐标 abscissa扭转刚度 torsional rigidity拉伸刚度 tensile rigidity剪应力的合力resultant of shear stress正应力的大小magnitude of normal stress脆性破坏 brittle fail对称平面 symmetry plane刚体的平衡 equilibrium of rigid body约束力 constraint force重力 gravitational force实际作用力 actual force三维力系 three-dimentional force system 合力矩 resultant moment标量方程 scalar equation、矢量方程 vector equation张量方程 tensor equation汇交力系 cocurrent system of forces 任意一点 an arbitrary point合矢量 resultant vector反作用力 reaction force反作用力偶 reaction couple转动约束 restriction against rotation 平动约束 restriction against translation运动的趋势 tendency of motion绕给定轴转动 rotate about a specific axis沿一个方向运动 movein a direction控制方程 control equation共线力 collinear forces平面力系 planar force system一束光 a beam of light未知反力 unknown reaction forces参考框架 frame ofreference大小和方向 magnitude and direction几何约束 geometric restriction刚性连接 rigidlyconnected运动学关系 kinematical relations运动的合成 superposition of movement固定点 fixed point平动的叠加 superposition of translation刚体的角速度 angular speed of a rigid body 质点动力学 particle dynamics运动微分方程 differential equation of motion 工程实际问题 practical engineering problems 变化率 rate of change动量守恒 conservation of linear momentum 定性的描述 qualitative description点线 dotted line划线 dashed line实线 solidline矢量积 vector product点积 dot product极惯性矩 polar moment of inertia 角速度 angular velocity角加速度 angular acceleration infinitesimal amount 无穷小量definite integral 定积分a certain interval of time 某一时间段kinetic energy 动能conservative force 保守力damping force 阻尼力coefficient of damping 阻尼系数free vibration 自由振动periodic disturbance 周期性扰动viscous force 粘性力forced vibration 强迫震动general solution 通解particular solution 特解transient solution 瞬态解steady state solution 稳态解second order partial differential equation 二阶偏微分方程external force 外力internal force 内力stress component 应力分量state of stress 应力状态coordinate axes 坐标系conditions of equilibrium 平衡条件body force 体力continuum mechanics 连续介质力学displacement component 位移分量additional restrictions 附加约束回复 2楼2012-03-04 20:12举报 |我真想变胖我勒个去8compatibility conditions 相容条件mathematical formulations 数学公式isotropic material 各向同性材料sufficient small 充分小state of strain 应变状态unit matrix单位矩阵dilatation strain 膨胀应变the first strain invariant 第一应变不变量deviator stress components 应力偏量分量the first invariant of stress tensor 应力张量的第一不变量bulk modulus 体积模量constitutive relations 本构关系linear elastic material 线弹性材料mathematical derivation 数学推导a state of static equilibrium 静力平衡状态Newton‘s first law of motion 牛顿第一运动定律directly proportional to 与……成正比stress concentration factor 应力集中系数state of loading 载荷状态st venant’ principle 圣维南原理uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸cylindrical coordinates 柱坐标buckling of columns 柱的屈曲critical value 临界值stable equilibrium 稳态平衡unstable equilibrium condition 不稳定平衡条件critical load 临界载荷a slender column 细长杆fixed at the lower end 下端固定free at the upper end 上端自由critical buckling load 临界屈曲载荷potential energy 势能fixed at both ends 两端固定hinged at both ends 两端铰支tubular member 管型杆件transverse dimention 横向尺寸stability of column 柱的稳定axial force 轴向力elliptical hole 椭圆孔plane stress 平面应力nominal stress 名义应为principal stress directions 主应力方向axial compression 轴向压缩dynamic loading 动载荷dynamic problem 动力学问题inertia force 惯性力resonance vibration 谐振static states of stress 静态应力dynamic response 动力响应time of contact 接触时间length of wave 波长resonancefrequency 谐振频率回复 3楼2012-03-04 20:12举报 |时间盒子832好强大啊，，，顶。
力学英文词汇
力学mechanics牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system 等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium 。
，力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程Appell equation劳斯方程Routh equation拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function诺特定理Noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsizing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping同相分量in-phase component非同相分量out-of -phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system 相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程Duffing equation希尔方程Hill equationKBM方法KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii met hod马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式Dunkerley formula瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统distributed parameter system优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencyWKB方法WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method 缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot喘振surge摆振shimmy起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance姿态角attitude angle方位角azimuthal angle舒勒周期Schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system 机动性maneuverability凯恩方法Kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirlI CAN FLY￥￥零积分下载全部资料￥￥/show/search.asp?sel=admin_name&keywords=wangxy29992005-12-30 13:18:009楼：RE:【转贴】力学词汇[回复] [引用] [维护][查看该用户在资料中心上传的资料][个人资料][给他留言] [帖子合集]连续过程continuous process碰撞截面collision cross section通用气体常数conventional gas constant燃烧不稳定性combustion instability稀释度dilution完全离解complete dissociation火焰传播flame propagation组份constituent碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate燃烧理论combustion theory浓度梯度concentration gradient阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion火焰速度flame speed火焰驻定flame stabilization火焰结构flame structure着火ignition湍流火焰turbulent flame层流火焰laminar flame燃烧带burning zone渗流flow in porous media, seepage 达西定律Darcy law赫尔-肖流Hele-Shaw flow毛[细]管流capillary flow过滤filtration爪进fingering不互溶驱替immiscible displacement 不互溶流体immiscible fluid互溶驱替miscible displacement互溶流体miscible fluid迁移率mobility流度比mobility ratio渗透率permeability孔隙度porosity多孔介质porous medium比面specific surfacee迂曲度tortuosity空隙void空隙分数void fraction注水water flooding可湿性wettability地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学physical oceanography大气环流atmospheric circulation海洋环流ocean circulation海洋流ocean current旋转流rotating flow平流advection埃克曼流Ekman flow埃克曼边界层Ekman boundary layer大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-ocean interaction 埃克曼数Ekman number罗斯贝数Rossby unmber罗斯贝波Rossby wave斜压性baroclinicity正压性barotropy内磨擦internal friction海洋波ocean wave盐度salinity环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics 斯托克斯流Stokes flow羽流plume理查森数Richardson number污染源pollutant source污染物扩散pollutant diffusion噪声noise噪声级noise level噪声污染noise pollution排放物effulent工业流体力学industrical fluid mechanics流控技术fluidics轴向流axial flow并向流co-current flow对向流counter current flow横向流cross flow螺旋流spiral flow旋拧流swirling flow滞后流after flow混合层mixing layer抖振buffeting风压wind pressure附壁效应wall attachment effect, Coanda effect简约频率reduced frequency爆炸力学mechanics of explosion终点弹道学terminal ballistics动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability空中爆炸explosion in air地下爆炸underground explosion水下爆炸underwater explosion电爆炸discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸laser-induced explosion核爆炸nuclear explosion点爆炸point-source explosion殉爆sympathatic detonation强爆炸intense explosion粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation聚爆implosion起爆initiation of explosion爆破blasting霍普金森杆Hopkinson bar电炮electric gun电磁炮electromagnetic gun爆炸洞explosion chamber轻气炮light gas gun马赫反射Mach reflection基浪base surge成坑cratering能量沉积energy deposition爆心explosion center爆炸当量explosion equivalent火球fire ball爆高height of burst蘑菇云mushroom侵彻penetration规则反射regular reflection崩落spallation应变率史strain rate history流变学rheology聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers 挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell无管虹吸tubeless siphon剪胀效应dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠shear thickening剪切致稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy反触变性anti-thixotropy超塑性superplasticity粘弹塑性材料viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料anelastic material本构关系constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型Bingham model奥伊洛特模型Oldroyd model幂律模型power law model应力松驰stress relaxation应变史strain history应力史stress history记忆函数memory function衰退记忆fading memory应力增长stress growing粘度函数voscosity function相对粘度relative viscosity复态粘度complex viscosity拉伸粘度elongational viscosity拉伸流动elongational flow第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference 德博拉数Deborah number魏森贝格数Weissenberg number动态模量dynamic modulus振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics电离气体ionized gas行星边界层planetary boundary layer阿尔文波Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数Hartman number生物流变学biorheology生物流体biofluid生物屈服点bioyield point生物屈服应力bioyield stress电气体力学electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学hemodynamics磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, MHD磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学biomechanics生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流Bingham plastic flow开尔文体Kelvin body沃伊特体Voigt body可贴变形applicable deformation可贴曲面applicable surface边界润滑boundary lubrication液膜润滑fluid film lubrication向心收缩功concentric work离心收缩功eccentric work关节反作用力joint reaction force微循环力学microcyclic mechanics微纤维microfibril渗透性permeability生理横截面积physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学agrobiomechanics纤维度fibrousness硬皮度rustiness胶粘度gumminess粘稠度stickiness嫩度tenderness渗透流osmotic flow易位流translocation flow蒸腾流transpirational flow过滤阻力filtration resistance压扁wafering风雪流snow-driving wind停滞堆积accretion遇阻堆积encroachment沙漠地面desert floor流沙固定fixation of shifting sand流动阈值fluid thresholdI CAN FLY￥￥零积分下载全部资料￥￥/show/search.asp?sel=admin_nam e&keywords=wangxy29992005-12-30 13:23:001楼：RE:【转贴】力学词汇[回复] [引用] [维护][查看该用户在资料中心上传的资料][个人资料][给他留言] [帖子合集]固体力学弹性力学elasticity弹性理论theory of elasticity均匀应力状态homogeneous state of stress应力不变量stress invariant应变不变量strain invariant应变椭球strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘rotating circular disk楔wedge开尔文问题Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数Airy stress function克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method 基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis板Plate矩形板Rectangular plate圆板Circular plate环板Annular plate波纹板Corrugated plate加劲板Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate中厚板Plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数Stress function of bending壳Shell扁壳Shallow shell旋转壳Revolutionary shell球壳Spherical shell[圆]柱壳Cylindrical shell锥壳Conical shell环壳Toroidal shell封闭壳Closed shell波纹壳Corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数Stress function of torsion 翘曲函数Warping function半逆解法semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法Relaxation method莱维法Levy method松弛Relaxation量纲分析Dimensional analysis自相似[性] self-similarity影响面Influence surface接触应力Contact stress赫兹理论Hertz theory协调接触Conforming contact滑动接触Sliding contact滚动接触Rolling contact压入Indentation各向异性弹性Anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料Granular material散体力学Mechanics of granular media热弹性Thermoelasticity超弹性Hyperelasticity粘弹性Viscoelasticity对应原理Correspondence principle褶皱Wrinkle塑性全量理论Total theory of plasticity 滑动Sliding微滑Microslip粗糙度Roughness非线性弹性Nonlinear elasticity大挠度Large deflection突弹跳变snap-through有限变形Finite deformation格林应变Green strain阿尔曼西应变Almansi strain弹性动力学Dynamic elasticity运动方程Equation of motion准静态的Quasi-static气动弹性Aeroelasticity水弹性Hydroelasticity颤振Flutter弹性波Elastic wave简单波Simple wave柱面波Cylindrical wave水平剪切波Horizontal shear wave竖直剪切波Vertical shear wave体波body wave无旋波Irrotational wave畸变波Distortion wave膨胀波Dilatation wave瑞利波Rayleigh wave等容波Equivoluminal wave勒夫波Love wave界面波Interfacial wave边缘效应edge effect塑性力学Plasticity可成形性Formability金属成形Metal forming耐撞性Crashworthiness结构抗撞毁性Structural crashworthiness 拉拔Drawing破坏机构Collapse mechanism回弹Springback挤压Extrusion冲压Stamping穿透Perforation层裂Spalling塑性理论Theory of plasticity安定[性]理论Shake-down theory运动安定定理kinematic shake-down theorem 静力安定定理Static shake-down theorem率相关理论rate dependent theorem载荷因子load factor加载准则Loading criterion加载函数Loading function加载面Loading surface塑性加载Plastic loading塑性加载波Plastic loading wave简单加载Simple loading比例加载Proportional loading卸载Unloading卸载波Unloading wave冲击载荷Impulsive load阶跃载荷step load脉冲载荷pulse load极限载荷limit load中性变载nentral loading拉抻失稳instability in tension加速度波acceleration wave本构方程constitutive equation完全解complete solution名义应力nominal stress过应力over-stress真应力true stress等效应力equivalent stress流动应力flow stress应力间断stress discontinuity应力空间stress space主应力空间principal stress space静水应力状态hydrostatic state of stress 对数应变logarithmic strain工程应变engineering strain等效应变equivalent strain应变局部化strain localization应变率strain rate应变率敏感性strain rate sensitivity应变空间strain space有限应变finite strain塑性应变增量plastic strain increment累积塑性应变accumulated plastic strain永久变形permanent deformation内变量internal variable应变软化strain-softening理想刚塑性材料rigid-perfectly plastic Material 刚塑性材料rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料perfectl plastic material材料稳定性stability of material应变偏张量deviatoric tensor of strain应力偏张量deviatori tensor of stress应变球张量spherical tensor of strain应力球张量spherical tensor of stress路径相关性path-dependency线性强化linear strain-hardening应变强化strain-hardening随动强化kinematic hardening各向同性强化isotropic hardening强化模量strain-hardening modulus幂强化power hardening塑性极限弯矩plastic limit bending Moment 塑性极限扭矩plastic limit torque弹塑性弯曲elastic-plastic bending弹塑性交界面elastic-plastic interface弹塑性扭转elastic-plastic torsion粘塑性Viscoplasticity非弹性Inelasticity理想弹塑性材料elastic-perfectly plastic Material 极限分析limit analysis极限设计limit design极限面limit surface上限定理upper bound theorem上屈服点upper yield point下限定理lower bound theorem下屈服点lower yield point界限定理bound theorem初始屈服面initial yield surface后继屈服面subsequent yield surface屈服面[的]外凸性convexity of yield surface截面形状因子shape factor of cross-section沙堆比拟sand heap analogy屈服Yield屈服条件yield condition屈服准则yield criterion屈服函数yield function屈服面yield surface塑性势plastic potential能量吸收装置energy absorbing device能量耗散率energy absorbing device塑性动力学dynamic plasticity塑性动力屈曲dynamic plastic buckling塑性动力响应dynamic plastic response塑性波plastic wave运动容许场kinematically admissible Field静力容许场statically admissible Field流动法则flow rule速度间断velocity discontinuity滑移线slip-lines滑移线场slip-lines field移行塑性铰travelling plastic hinge塑性增量理论incremental theory of Plasticity 米泽斯屈服准则Mises yield criterion普朗特--罗伊斯关系prandtl- Reuss relation 特雷斯卡屈服准则Tresca yield criterion洛德应力参数Lode stress parameter莱维--米泽斯关系Levy-Mises relation亨基应力方程Hencky stress equation赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间Haigh-Westergaard stress space 洛德应变参数Lode strain parameter德鲁克公设Drucker postulate盖林格速度方程Geiringer velocity EquationI CAN FLY￥￥零积分下载全部资料￥￥/show/search.asp?sel=admin_nam e&keywords=wangxy29992005-12-30 13:18:002楼：RE:【转贴】力学词汇[回复] [引用] [维护][查看该用户在资料中心上传的资料][个人资料][给他留言] [帖子合集]结构力学structural mechanics结构分析structural analysis结构动力学structural dynamics拱Arch三铰拱three-hinged arch抛物线拱parabolic arch圆拱circular arch穹顶Dome空间结构space structure空间桁架space truss雪载[荷] snow load风载[荷] wind load土压力earth pressure地震载荷earthquake loading弹簧支座spring support支座位移support displacement支座沉降support settlement超静定次数degree of indeterminacy 机动分析kinematic analysis结点法method of joints截面法method of sections结点力joint forces共轭位移conjugate displacement影响线influence line三弯矩方程three-moment equation 单位虚力unit virtual force刚度系数stiffness coefficient柔度系数flexibility coefficient力矩分配moment distribution力矩分配法moment distribution method力矩再分配moment redistribution分配系数distribution factor矩阵位移法matri displacement method单元刚度矩阵element stiffness matrix单元应变矩阵element strain matrix总体坐标global coordinates贝蒂定理Betti theorem高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-Jordan elimination Method 屈曲模态buckling mode复合材料力学mechanics of composites复合材料composite material纤维复合材料fibrous composite单向复合材料unidirectional composite泡沫复合材料foamed composite颗粒复合材料particulate composite层板Laminate夹层板sandwich panel正交层板cross-ply laminate斜交层板angle-ply laminate层片Ply多胞固体cellular solid膨胀Expansion压实Debulk劣化Degradation脱层Delamination脱粘Debond纤维应力fiber stress层应力ply stress层应变ply strain层间应力interlaminar stressspecific strength强度折减系数strength reduction factor强度应力比strength -stress ratio横向剪切模量trans isotropy正交各向异Orthotrop verse shear modulus 横观各向同性transversey剪滞分析shear lag analysis短纤维chopped fiber长纤维continuous fiber纤维方向fiber direction纤维断裂fiber break纤维拔脱fiber pull-out纤维增强fiber reinforcement致密化Densification最小重量设计optimum weight design网格分析法netting analysis混合律rule of mixture失效准则failure criterion蔡--吴失效准则Tsai-W u failure criterion达格代尔模型Dugdale model断裂力学fracture mechanics概率断裂力学probabilistic fracture Mechanics格里菲思理论Griffith theory线弹性断裂力学linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM 弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plastic fracture mecha-nics, EPFM 断裂Fracture脆性断裂brittle fracture解理断裂cleavage fracture蠕变断裂creep fracture延性断裂ductile fracture晶间断裂inter-granular fracture准解理断裂quasi-cleavage fracture穿晶断裂trans-granular fracture裂纹Crack裂缝Flaw缺陷Defect割缝Slit微裂纹Microcrack折裂Kink椭圆裂纹elliptical crack深埋裂纹embedded crack[钱]币状裂纹penny-shape crack预制裂纹Precrack短裂纹short crack表面裂纹surface crack裂纹钝化crack blunting裂纹分叉crack branching裂纹闭合crack closure裂纹前缘crack front裂纹嘴crack mouth裂纹张开角crack opening angle,COA裂纹张开位移crack opening displacement, COD 裂纹阻力crack resistance裂纹面crack surface裂纹尖端crack tip裂尖张角crack tip opening angle, CTOA裂尖张开位移crack tip opening displacement, CTOD 裂尖奇异场crack tip singularity Field裂纹扩展速率crack growth rate稳定裂纹扩展stable crack growth定常裂纹扩展steady crack growth亚临界裂纹扩展subcritical crack growth裂纹[扩展]减速crack retardation止裂crack arrest止裂韧度arrest toughness断裂类型fracture mode滑开型sliding mode张开型opening mode撕开型tearing mode复合型mixed mode撕裂Tearing撕裂模量tearing modulus断裂准则fracture criterionJ积分J-integralJ阻力曲线J-resistance curve断裂韧度fracture toughness应力强度因子stress intensity factorHRR场Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren Field守恒积分conservation integral有效应力张量effective stress tensor应变能密度strain energy density能量释放率energy release rate内聚区cohesive zone塑性区plastic zone张拉区stretched zone热影响区heat affected zone, HAZ延脆转变温度brittle-ductile transition temperature2005-12-30 13:19:00连续问题continuous problem广义位移generalized displacement广义载荷generalized load广义应变generalized strain广义应力generalized stress界面变量interface variable节点node, nodal point[单]元Element角节点corner node边节点mid-side node内节点internal node无节点变量nodeless variable杆元bar element桁架杆元truss element梁元beam element二维元two-dimensional element一维元one-dimensional element三维元three-dimensional element 轴对称元axisymmetric element板元plate element壳元shell element厚板元thick plate element三角形元triangular element四边形元quadrilateral element四面体元tetrahedral element曲线元curved element二次元quadratic element线性元linear element三次元cubic element四次元quartic element等参[数]元isoparametric element 超参数元super-parametric element亚参数元sub-parametric element节点数可变元variable-number-node element拉格朗日元Lagrange element拉格朗日族Lagrange family巧凑边点元serendipity element巧凑边点族serendipity family无限元infinite element单元分析element analysis单元特性element characteristics刚度矩阵stiffness matrix几何矩阵geometric matrix等效节点力equivalent nodal force节点位移nodal displacement节点载荷nodal load位移矢量displacement vector载荷矢量load vector质量矩阵mass matrix集总质量矩阵lumped mass matrix相容质量矩阵consistent mass matrix阻尼矩阵damping matrix瑞利阻尼Rayleigh damping刚度矩阵的组集assembly of stiffness Matrices载荷矢量的组集consistent mass matrix质量矩阵的组集assembly o f mass matrices 单元的组集assembly of elements局部坐标系local coordinate system局部坐标local coordinate面积坐标area coordinates体积坐标volume coordinates曲线坐标curvilinear coordinates静凝聚static condensation合同变换contragradient transformation形状函数shape function试探函数trial function检验函数test function权函数weight function样条函数spline function代用函数substitute function降阶积分reduced integration零能模式zero-energy modeP收敛p-convergenceH收敛h-convergence掺混插值blended interpolation等参数映射isoparametric mapping双线性插值bilinear interpolation小块检验patch test非协调模式incompatible mode节点号node number单元号element number带宽band width带状矩阵banded matrix变带状矩阵profile matrix带宽最小化minimization of band width波前法frontal method子空间迭代法subspace iteration method 行列式搜索法determinant search method 逐步法step-by-step method纽马克法Newmark威尔逊法Wilson拟牛顿法quasi-Newton method牛顿-拉弗森法Newton-Raphson method 增量法incremental method初应变initial strain初应力initial stress切线刚度矩阵tangent stiffness matrix割线刚度矩阵secant stiffness matrix模态叠加法mode superposition method平衡迭代equilibrium iteration子结构Substructure子结构法substructure technique超单元super-element网格生成mesh generation结构分析程序structural analysis program前处理pre-processing后处理post-processing网格细化mesh refinement应力光顺stress smoothing组合结构composite structureI CAN FLY￥￥零积分下载全部资料￥￥/show/search.asp?sel=admin_nam e&keywords=wangxy29992005-12-30 13:20:005楼：RE:【转贴】力学词汇。
常用物理英语词汇(全)
常用物理英语词汇（全）1. Acceleration（加速度）：物体速度变化的快慢程度，通常用符号a表示。
2. Amplitude（振幅）：振动或波动中，最大位移与平衡位置之间的距离。
3. Angular velocity（角速度）：物体旋转角度的变化率，通常用符号ω表示。
4. Atom（原子）：物质的基本单位，由原子核和核外电子组成。
5. Capacitance（电容）：电容器存储电荷的能力，通常用符号C 表示。
6. Current（电流）：电荷的流动，通常用符号I表示。
7. Density（密度）：单位体积内物质的质量，通常用符号ρ表示。
8. Electric field（电场）：电荷周围空间对其产生作用力的区域。
9. Energy（能量）：物体做功或传递热量的能力，通常用符号E 表示。
10. Force（力）：物体间的相互作用，使物体发生形变或改变运动状态。
11. Frequency（频率）：单位时间内完成周期性变化的次数，通常用符号f表示。
12. Gravity（重力）：地球对物体的吸引力，使物体受到向下的力。
13. Impulse（冲量）：力在一段时间内对物体的作用，导致物体动量发生变化。
14. Inductance（电感）：线圈产生磁场的能力，通常用符号L 表示。
15. Kinetic energy（动能）：物体因运动而具有的能量。
16. Magnetic field（磁场）：磁体周围空间对其产生作用力的区域。
17. Momentum（动量）：物体运动状态的量度，等于物体的质量与速度的乘积。
18. Ohm's law（欧姆定律）：电流、电压和电阻之间的关系，表达式为I=V/R。
19. Potential difference（电压）：单位正电荷从一点移动到另一点所需的能量，通常用符号U表示。
20. Power（功率）：单位时间内完成的功，通常用符号P表示。
21. Pressure（压强）：单位面积上受到的力，通常用符号p表示。
物理学英语词汇[整理版]
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物理学英语词汇[整理版]一、基础物理学词汇1. 物理量（Physical quantity）：描述物体性质和状态的量，如长度、质量、时间等。
2. 力（Force）：作用于物体，使物体发生形变或改变运动状态的量。
3. 质量（Mass）：物体所含物质的多少，是物体惯性大小的量度。
4. 重力（Gravity）：地球对物体的吸引力，使物体受到向地心的作用力。
5. 速度（Velocity）：物体在单位时间内移动的距离，具有大小和方向。
6. 加速度（Acceleration）：物体速度变化的快慢，单位时间内速度的变化量。
7. 动能（Kinetic energy）：物体由于运动而具有的能量。
8. 势能（Potential energy）：物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。
9. 功（Work）：力在物体上产生位移时所做的功。
10. 功率（Power）：单位时间内完成的功，表示做功的快慢。
二、热学词汇1. 温度（Temperature）：表示物体冷热程度的物理量。
2. 热量（Heat）：物体间因温度差异而传递的能量。
3. 热传导（Thermal conduction）：热量在物体内部从高温部分向低温部分传递的过程。
4. 热膨胀（Thermal expansion）：物体受热时体积增大的现象。
5. 热容量（Heat capacity）：物体吸收或释放热量时，温度变化的能力。
6. 热力学（Thermodynamics）：研究热现象及其规律的物理学分支。
三、电磁学词汇1. 电荷（Electric charge）：物体带有的电性质，分为正电荷和负电荷。
2. 电流（Electric current）：电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。
3. 电压（Voltage）：电场力在单位电荷上所做的功，表示电势差。
4. 电阻（Resistance）：导体对电流阻碍作用的大小。
5. 电容（Capacitance）：电容器存储电荷的能力。
6. 电感（Inductance）：线圈产生磁场的能力。
力学名词中英对照
[推荐][名词委审定]汉英力学名词(1993)[翻译与翻译辅助工具] [回复] [引用回复] [表格型] [跟帖] [转发到Blog] [关闭] [浏览930 次] 用户名: westbankBZ反应||Belousov-Zhabotinski reaction, BZ reactionFPU问题||Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem, FPU problemKBM方法||KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolskii methodKS[动态]熵||Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, KS entropyKdV 方程||KdV equationU形管||U-tubeWKB方法||WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method[彻]体力||body force[单]元||element[第二类]拉格朗日方程||Lagrange equation [of the second kind][叠栅]云纹||moiréfringe; 物理学称“叠栅条纹”。
[叠栅]云纹法||moirémethod[抗]剪切角||angle of shear resistance[可]变形体||deformable body[钱]币状裂纹||penny-shape crack[映]象||image[圆]筒||cylinder[圆]柱壳||cylindrical shell[转]轴||shaft[转动]瞬心||instantaneous center [of rotation][转动]瞬轴||instantaneous axis [of rotation][状]态变量||state variable[状]态空间||state space[自]适应网格||[self-]adaptive meshＣ0连续问题||C0-continuous problemＣ1连续问题||C1-continuous problemＣＦＬ条件||Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition, CFL conditionＨＲＲ场||Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren fieldＪ积分||J-integralＪ阻力曲线||J-resistance curveＫＡＭ定理||Kolgomorov-Arnol'd-Moser theorem, KAM theoremＫＡＭ环面||KAM torusｈ收敛||h-convergenceｐ收敛||p-convergenceπ定理||Buckingham theorem, pi theorem阿尔曼西应变||Almansis strain阿尔文波||Alfven wave阿基米德原理||Archimedes principle阿诺德舌[头]||Arnol'd tongue阿佩尔方程||Appel equation阿特伍德机||Atwood machine埃克曼边界层||Ekman boundary layer埃克曼流||Ekman flow埃克曼数||Ekman number埃克特数||Eckert number埃农吸引子||Henon attractor艾里应力函数||Airy stress function鞍点||saddle [point]鞍结分岔||saddle-node bifurcation安定[性]理论||shake-down theory安全寿命||safe life安全系数||safety factor安全裕度||safety margin暗条纹||dark fringe奥尔-索末菲方程||Orr-Sommerfeld equation奥辛流||Oseen flow奥伊洛特模型||Oldroyd model八面体剪应变||octohedral shear strain八面体剪应力||octohedral shear stress八面体剪应力理论||octohedral shear stress theory巴塞特力||Basset force白光散斑法||white-light speckle method摆||pendulum摆振||shimmy板||plate板块法||panel method板元||plate element半导体应变计||semiconductor strain gage半峰宽度||half-peak width半解析法||semi-analytical method半逆解法||semi-inverse method半频进动||half frequency precession半向同性张量||hemitropic tensor半隐格式||semi-implicit scheme薄壁杆||thin-walled bar薄壁梁||thin-walled beam薄壁筒||thin-walled cylinder薄膜比拟||membrane analogy薄翼理论||thin-airfoil theory保单调差分格式||monotonicity preserving difference scheme 保守力||conservative force保守系||conservative system爆发||blow up爆高||height of burst爆轰||detonation; 又称“爆震”。
力学英文术语表-SF整理
力学英文术语表-SF整理Mechanics Glossary 力学术语表Chapter1Stress应力1.1 Introduction引言1.2 Equilibrium of a Deformable Body变形体的平衡1.3 Stress应力1.4 Average Normal Stress in all Axially Loaded Bar轴向加载杆的平均正应力1.5 Average Shear Stress平均剪应力1.6 Allowable Stress容许应力Chapter2Strain应变2.1 Deformation变形2.2 Strain应变Chapter3Mechanical Properties of Materials材料的力学性质3.1 The Tension and Compression Test拉伸和压缩试验3.2 The Stress—Strain Diagram应力一应变图3.3 Stress—Strain Behavior of Ductile and Brittle Materials塑性和脆性材料的应力一应变特性3.4 Hooke’s Law虎克定律3.5 Strain Energy应变能3.6 Poisson’s Ratio泊松比3.7 The Shear Stress—Strain Diagram剪切应力一应变图Chapter4Axial Load轴向荷载4.1 Saint—Venant’s Principle圣文南原理4.2 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member轴向加载杆件的弹性变形4.3 Principle of Superposition叠加原理4.4 Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded Member静不定轴向加载杆件4.5 The Force Method of Analysis for Axially Loaded Members分析轴向加载杆件的力法4.6 Thermal Stress热应力4.7 Stress Concentrations应力集中Chaoter5Torsion扭转5.1 Torsional Deformation of a Circular Shaft圆轴的扭转变形5.2 The Torsion Formula扭转公式5.3 Power Transmission功率传递5.4 Angle of Twist扭转角5.5 Statically Indeterminate Torque-Loaded Members静不定受扭杆件5.6* Solid Noncircular Shafts实非圆截面轴Chapter6Bending弯曲6.1 Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams绘制剪力和弯矩图的图解法6.2 Shea rand Moment Diagrams剪力和弯矩图6.3 Bending Deformation of a Straight Member直杆的弯曲变形6.4 The Rexure Formula弯曲公式6.5 Unsymmetric Bending非对称弯曲Chapter7TrallsverseShear横向剪力7.1 Shearin Straight Members直杆中的剪力7.2 The Shear Formula剪切公式7.3 Shear Stresses in Bearns梁中的剪应力7.4 Shear Flow in Built-up Members组装杆件中的剪力流7.5 Shear Flow in Thin-Walled Members薄壁杆件中的剪力流7.6* Shear Center剪切中心Chapter8Combined Loadings组合荷载8.1 Thin-Wailed Pressure Vessels薄壁压力容器8.2 State of Stress Caused by Combined Loadings组合荷载引起应力状态Chapter9Stress Transformation应力转换9.I Plane-Stress Transfotination平面应力转换9.2 General Equations of Plane-Stress Transformation平面应力转换的一般公式9.3Principal Stresses and Maximum In—Plane Shear Stress主应力和平面内最大剪应力9.4 Mohr’s Circle—Plane Stress莫尔圆一平面应力9.5 Stress in Shafts Due to Axial Load and Torsion轴向荷载和扭矩引起的轴中应力9.6 Stress Variations Throughout a Prismatic Beam等截面梁内应力变化9.7 Absolute Maximum Shear tress所有方向上最大剪应力Chapter10Strain Transformation应变转换10.1 Plane Strain平面应变10.2 General Equations of Plane-Strain Transformation平面应变转换的一般公式10.3 Strain Rosettes应变花10.4 Material—Property Relationships材料性质关系10.5* Theories of Failure失效理论Chapter11Design of Beams and Shafts梁和轴的设计11.1 Basis for Beam Design梁设计基础11.2 Prismatic Beam Design等截面梁/柱状梁设计11.3* Fully Stressed Beams满应力梁11.4* Shaft Design轴设计Chapter12Deflections of Beams and Shafts梁和轴的挠度12.1The Elastic Curve弹性曲线12.2 Slope and Displacement by Integration积分求斜率和位移12.3 Method of Superposition叠加法12.4 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts静不定梁和轴12.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts—Method of Integration静不定梁和轴一积分法12.6 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts—Method of Superposition静不定梁和轴一叠加法Chapter13Buckling of Columns柱的屈曲13.1 Critical Load临界荷载13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports两端铰支的理想柱13.3 Columns Having Various Types of Supports有各种支承的柱13.4* Secant Formula正割公式13.5* Inelastic Buckling非弹性屈曲Chapter14Energy Methods能量法14.1 External Work and Strain Energy外力功和应变能14.2 Elastic Strain Energy for Various Types of Loading各种荷载下的弹性应变能14.3 Conservation of Energy能量守恒14.4 Impact Loading冲击荷载14.5* Castigliano’s Theorem卡氏定理14.6* Castigliano’s Theorem Applied to Trusses卡氏定理在桁架上的应用14.7* Castigliano’s Theorem Applied to Beams卡氏定理在梁上的应用Appendix A Geometric Properties of an Area面积的几何性质A.1 Centroid of an Area面积的形心A.2 Moment of Inertia for an Area面积的惯性矩A.3 Product of Inertia for an Area面积的惯性积A.4 Moments of Inertia for an Area about Inc lined Axes面积对斜轴的惯性矩Appendix B Geometric Properties of Structural Shapes结构型钢的几何性质Appendix C Slopes and Deflections of Beams梁的转角和托度Answers参考答案Glossary术语。
最新力学专业英语单词表
Aabrasion n. 磨损[耗]abrasive n. a. (研）磨料（的）磨损abscissa n. 横坐标actuation n. 驱动align v. 调整，对中，校直alloy n. 合金alternative n. a. 交替（的），可供选择的aluminum n. 铝amortize v. 阻尼，缓冲，分期偿还anisotropy n. 各项异性annealing n. 退火annealing n. 退火antiparallelogram n. 反平行四边形anvil n. （锤）砧，砧座armor n. 铠甲assumption n. 假定设想, 担任(职责等), 假装at one’s command 自由使用，支配attainable a. 可达[得]到的austenitic a. 奥氏体的Bbar n. 杆件bass n. 黄铜be distinguished from 与…区分be referred to as 叫做，称为，被认为abnormal a. 非正常的be termed… 被称为……beam n. 横梁，一束bearing n. 轴承bending n. 弯曲，折弯bias vt. n. （使）偏向[重，差]billet n. 坯料，锻坯binary a. 二[双, 复]的, 二元的bismuth n. 铋blacksmith n. 锻工blank n.坯料，（冲压）板坯block n. （模）块blow molding 吹塑（法）brake forming [压]折弯（机）成型branch n. v. 分（部，支）braze n. vt. 硬钎焊，铜焊breakage n. 断裂breakdown n. 破坏，击穿brittleness n. 脆性, 脆度broken up 破[断]裂，分散bronze n. 青铜broom n. 扫帚buckling n. 弯[翘]曲，挠曲buttwelding 对头（缝）焊Ccadmium n. 镉capability n. 能力,性能,容量carbide n. 碳化物，硬质合金carbon n. 碳carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳casting n. 铸造[件]category n. 种类category n. 种类、类别cavity n. 模膛，型槽centripetal a. 向心的centroid n. 质心；形心closed impression die 闭式锻模coefficient n. 系数coherent a. 互相凝聚的，协调一致coincide with 一致，相符cold[hot] working 冷[热]加工collinear adj. 共线的comparative adj. 比较的，相当的compression molding 压塑，模压（法）compression n. 压缩compressive stress 压（缩）应力configuration n. 外形，配置，排布confine vt. 限制，约束constituent n. a.组成[的，部分] constrain(t) v. n. 强制，约束constrained a. 约束的，限定的consumer goods 消费品continuum n. 连续（体）contour n. 外形、轮廓线convert v. 转变[化]convert v. 转变[换]，更换copper n. 铜copper-base alloy 铜基合金corrosion n. 腐蚀coupler n. 连接件，连杆cracking n. 裂纹craftsman n. 技工criterion (pl. criteria) n. 标准, 判据, 准则critical strain 临界应变critical temperature 临界温度crystalline n. a. 结晶[的]，晶体cuploa n. 冲天炉Ddecoration n. 装饰deep drawing 深冲（压）definite a. 确定的deflection n. 偏移[转，离]，挠曲deformation n. 变形density n. 密度derivative of M with respect to NM对于N的导数design specifications:设计技术要求destructive a. 破坏（性）的，有害的deterioration n. 变坏，退化，损耗determinant n. 行列式die failure 模具损坏die life 模具寿命die n. 模具，锻[冲]模，凹模die-casting n. 模铸[件]discount v. 打折扣，忽视discrete a. 不连续的，单个的disjoin v. 拆散，分开dislocation n. 位错displacement n. 位移,排量,替换distributed forces n. 分力diversity n. 不同，多样性draft n. 模锻斜度drawing n. (锻坯）拔长，[线，管材]拉拔drawn out 拔长drop forging 落锻，锤模锻ductility n. 延展性，可锻性dump v. 倾倒，堆放Eeccentricity n. 偏心[度，率]efficiency n. 效率elastic a. 弹性的elasticity n. 弹性electric resistance-type strain gage n. 电阻应变片electrode n. 电(焊)极, 焊条elimination n. 消除，淘汰elongation n. 伸长（量）embed v. 嵌入、加在层间envision v. 想象equilibrium n. 平衡erosion n. 腐[侵，烧]蚀extract vt. 提炼，萃取extrusion n. 挤压Ffabricate vt. 制造[备]，生产factor n. 因素failure n. 失效；破坏fasten(ing) v. n. 连接(件), 紧固（件）ferrous a. （含）铁的ferrous metals 黑色金属filler n. 填充（剂）fine adj. 细的finite element 有限元fiux-shielded arc welding 熔剂保护电弧焊flexibility n. 柔（韧）性，灵活性final flow line 流线flow stress 流动应力flux n. 焊接，助熔剂flux n. 通量，流量forging 终锻forging n. 锻造，锻件foundry n. 铸造[车间]four-bar linkage 四杆机构frame n. 机架，构架friction n. 摩擦furnace n. [熔，高]炉fusion n. 熔化，熔接fusionwelding 熔焊，熔接Ggauge vt. 测[计]量，校验gear ration 齿轮[速、齿数] 比geometry n. 几何形状globular a. 球形（状）的gradient n. 坡[梯]度，斜率grain n. 晶粒grain size 晶粒度graphite n. 石墨grips pl.c.n. 夹具gross n. 总共，重大Hhanding n. 处理，装卸，搬运handle n. 手柄hardening n. 淬火hardness n. 硬度hazard n. 危险，未知数，意外事故heat checking 热裂纹，龟裂heat treatment 热处理higher acceleration 高阶加速度homogeneous a. 均匀的hydraulic adj. 液压的hydraulic press 液压机hydrochloric acid 盐酸Iideal mechanical advantage理想的机械效率immortalize vt. （使）不朽（灭）impact n. v. 冲击，碰撞impart v. 给与，分给impression die forging 模锻impression n. 模膛，型腔（槽）impurity n. 杂质，不纯in connection with 关于，与…相关incline v. （使）倾斜increment n. 增量inertia n. 惯性（物），惯量ingot n. (钢）锭inherent a. 固有的，先天的，本质的initiation n. 开[初]始，发[产]生injection molding 注射模塑（法）inorganic acid 无机酸insulate v. (使)隔离, 绝缘integrity n. 完整性，完全[善]inversion n. 转换，变换investigate v. 调查，研究iron n. 铁It follows that …由此可见,由此得出结论..., 因而断定...it is certain to 必然，一定it is likely that 很可能iterative a. 反复的，迭代的Jjerk n. 震动jet engine 喷气发动机joint n. 结合, 铰链n. 连接的Kkinematic a. 运动学的,运动学上的kinematic chain 运动链knead v. 揉搓[制]Llead n. 铅linear analog 线性模拟link n. 构件，杆件v. 连接longitudinal adj. 经度的; 纵向的;loop n. 环，回路，循环low-carbon steal 低碳钢lubrication n. 润滑luster n. 光泽Mmachine-building 机械制造machine-tool shipments: 机床装运费machining operations: 机床操作,加工工艺magnesium n. 镁manageable a. 可控制的manual a. 手动的，人工的manual skill 手工技艺matrix n. 矩阵mechanical fatigue 机械疲劳mechanical press 机械压力机mechanics n. 力学mesh n. v. 网格，啮合metallic a. （含）金属（制）的metallurgical a. 冶金（学）的metalworking n. 金属压力加工microscopic a. 显微的，微观的microshrinkage n. 显微缩孔microstructure n. 显微组织military n. a. 军队[事，人]的mill n. 轧钢机，铣床mineral a. 矿物的mode n. 方式，状态，模式model n. 模型，样品modify v. 修改，调解，变更mould (mold) n. 模子，铸模，塑模movability n. 可动的，易动的multidisciplinary n. 多学科的multiloop n. 多环链, a 多回路的multiplier n. 放大器，乘法器Nneglect vt. 忽略nickel n. 镍nonferrous metals 有色金属normal adj. 法向的normalizing n. 正火，（正）常化Oopen die forging 自由锻optimization n. 优化，优选（法）ordinate n. 纵坐标orientation n. （定）方向,方位oriented 导向oscillate v. 摆动，摇动overhead : 管理费overheat n. 过热overlap v. 搭接，重叠overload n. v. （使）过[超]载oxidation n. 氧化oxy-acetylene n. a.氧（乙）炔（的）Ppackaging machinery 包装机械parallelogram n. 平行四边形parameter n. 参数parameter n. 参数paraphrase v. 解释，意译penetration n. 贯穿，渗透permanent a. 永久的perpendicular adj. 垂直的pig iron 生铁pin n. 销[钉]，铰销pitch v. 投掷pivot n. 枢(轴), 轴销, 回转副plastic working 塑性加工plasticity n. 塑性polygon n. 多变形porosity n. 多孔性，疏松pose v. 提出，摆出…姿态pour v. 浇注powder metallurgy 粉末冶金precision forming 精密成型preconceive v. 预想、事先想好preprocess vt. 预（先）加工，预处理prescribe v. 规定，指示pressurewelding 压力焊prime mover 原动件，驱动件prismatic adj. 棱柱的pristmatic a. 棱柱（形）的prolonged a. 长时间的, 持续很久的pyrometer n. 高温计Qquenching n. 淬火,骤冷Rram n. 锤头，滑块，活动横梁ramp n. 斜板，斜坡rapid-impact blow 快速冲击，猛打recrystallization n. 再结晶recycle v. 反复[循环]利用refine v. 精炼[制]，细化refinement n. 精炼[制]，细化regarding 考虑到，关于removal n. 除去，放出response n. 反[响]应，灵敏度restriction n. 限制retard vt. n. （使）延缓，推迟retarding media 延缓介质reversal n. 颠倒，相反revolute v. 旋转, 转动, n. 回转体rigid a. n. 坚硬的，刚性，刚度rivet n. v. 铆钉，铆接rock n. 摆动，v. 摇动rocker n. 摇杆roll n. v. 轧辊，滚，轧roll v. 滚动rule of thumb 据经验和实际所得的做法rupture n. 破[开]裂Sscoop n. 勺子,铲斗，v.挖,掘,铲second acceleration 二节加速度sensitive a. 灵敏的，敏感的shear stress 剪应力shielding n. 遮护，屏蔽simultaneously ad. 同时sinter n. vt. 烧结sizing n. 整形，校正，定径skeleton diagram 草图, 示意图slider-crank mechanism 四杆机构slope v. （使）倾斜soaking(=holding) n. 均热,保温solder(ing) v. n. 软钎焊，（低温）焊料solidfy v. (使）凝固solvent n. 溶剂solvent n. a. 溶剂（的）somewhat adv. 稍微soundness n. 致密性，坚固性，无缺陷specific gravity 比重specification n. 操作规程，技术指标，说明书spheroidizing n. 球化（处理）spotwelding 点焊spring-back n. 回弹squeeze v. 挤压stainless steel 不锈钢stamp n. 冲压standard gage n. 标距standardize v. 标准化steep n. a. 陡（坡）的，急剧的stock n. 坯料，原材料strain (rate) n. 应变strain n. 应变strain[deformation] hardening 应变[变形]硬化strength n. 强度stress field 应力场stress n. 应力stress n. 应力stress relieving 消除应力处理stretch forming 张拉成型strike v. 攻[打]击，放电stroke n. 行程，冲程subsequently ad. 随后suitability n. 适应性sulphuric acid 硫酸surface finish 表面光洁度sweep v. 扫荡[描]，掠过symmetrical a. 轴对称的Ttempering n. 回火tensile stress 拉（伸）应力tension n. 拉伸test specimens n. 试样thermal fatigue 热疲劳thermal refining 调质处理tin n. 锡tolerance n. 公差topologically adv. 拓扑学地torch n. 焊炬torque n. 力矩，扭矩toughness n. 韧性trajectory n. 轨迹transition n. 过渡区transmission angle 传动角trial-and-error 试凑法turbine n. 涡[汽]轮机，透平机U-Zultimate a. n. 最终的，首要的，极限upset n. 镦粗，顶锻vacuum forming 真空模塑validity n. 正确有效，合法variable n. 变量warm working 温加工，温锻wear v. 磨损weld(ing) v. n. 焊接，熔焊with ease 轻易，很容易的yield stress 屈服应力zinc n. 锌。
力学_专业英语词汇
附录：常用专业词汇和用语汇总表Aabsolute temperature 绝对温度abutment [ə'bʌtmənt] n.桥墩；桥基；桥台acceleration [æk,selə'reɪʃən] n. 加速度accelerometer [æk,selə'rɔmitə] n.加速度计action-at-a-distance 远距离作用active gage 工作片acoustic emitter 声发射器acute angle 锐角adaptivity [ədæp'tivəti] n.适应性aerospace engineering 航空工程aggregate ['æɡriɡit] n.偏析，聚合体algebraic equation 代数方程Almansi strain 阿曼西应变allowable stress 许用应力alternator ['ɔ:ltəneitə] n. 交流发电机amorphous [ə'mɔ:fəs] adj.无定性的；非晶形的，无一定方向的amphiphile n.两亲物；两亲性分子amphiphile n.两亲物amplitude ['æmplitju:d] n.幅值amplification factor 放大因子，放大倍数amplitude stress 幅值应力amplitude of vibration 振动幅值；振幅anelastic [ˌænilˈæsti]adj.滞弹性的aneurysm ['ænjurizəm] n.动脉瘤anisotropic [æn,aisə'trɔpik] n.各项异性的297anisotropy [ænai'sɔtrəpi] n.各项异性apparatus [,æpə'reitəs] n.仪器；装置apparent stress 表观应力appearance [ə'pirəns] n.出现，显露，外观aqueous ['eikwiəs] adj. 水的；水成的arch [ɑ:tʃ] n.拱arm [ɑ:m]n. 臂artificial heart valve 人工心脏瓣膜assembly [ə'sembli] n. 组集，集合Atomic Force Microscope 原子力显微镜autocatalytic [,ɔ:təukætə'litik]adj.自动催化的austenite ['ɔ:stə,nait]n.奥氏体austenite crystal 奥氏体晶粒austenitic transformation 奥氏体转变average stress 平均应力axil force 轴向力Bback difference 向后差分backing ['bækiŋ]n.衬底；基底bar [bɑ:] n.杆；条；横木；栅basalt [bə'sɔ:lt] n. 玄武岩basis function 基函数Bauschinger effect 包辛格效应beam [bi:m] n. 梁，桁，横梁bedding plane 层理面benchmark test 基准测试bend [bɛnd] vt.&vi. 弯曲，折弯298bending moment 弯矩bending stress 弯曲应力biaxial strain 双轴应变biaxial stress 双轴应力biharmonic [baihɑ:'mɔnik]adj. 双调和的bionanomaterial n.生物纳米材料block copolymer 嵌段共聚物bobbin ['bɔbin] n.线轴body force 体力bolt [bəult]n.螺栓bomb blast 炸弹爆炸borehole ['bɔ:,houl] n.钻孔boron ['bɔ:rɔn] n.硼boundary condition 边界条件boundary integral 边界积分brake drum 制动鼓；鼓式制动器brass [brɑ:s] n. 黄铜，黄铜色brittle fracture 脆性断裂brittle fracture mechanics 脆性断裂力学buckle ['bʌkl] vi. 屈曲bushing ['buʃiŋ]n.绝缘套，轴衬Ccalcite ['kælsait]n.方解石calibration [,kæli'breiʃən] n.标定calibration constant 标定常数cantilever ['kæntili:və] n. 悬臂；支架carbon steel 碳钢Cartesian coordinate 笛卡儿坐标299cast iron 铸铁catastrophically [,kætə'strɔfikli] adv. 灾难性地cavitation [,kævi'teiʃən] n.气穴；成洞cellular pattern 空泡centered difference 中心差分central crack 中心裂纹centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centroidal axis 形心轴，质心轴chaotic [kei'ɔtik] adj.混乱的；混沌的chord [kɔ:d] n.弦；弦杆civil engineering 土木工程cleavage ['kli:vidʒ] n.分裂；裂隙clay soil settle 粘土土层沉降closed form 闭型cluster ['klʌstə] n.群；群集civil engineering 土木工程coarse-grain 粗粒的；大粒度的collapse [kə'læps] vi.破坏，塌陷collinear [kɔ'linjə] adj. 同线的；共轴的collision [kə'liʒən] n. 相撞，碰撞colloid ['kɔlɔid] n.胶体adj.胶状的column ['kɔləm] n. 柱体，圆柱columnar jointing 柱状节理combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən] n.燃烧，氧化complex frequency response 复频响应compliance [kəm'plaiəns] n.柔度composite material 复合材料300compressibility 可压缩性compressive stress 压应力computational mechanics 计算力学concomitant [kən'kɔmitənt] adj.伴随的；共存的concrete ['kɔnkri:t] n.混凝土，凝结物conservation of momentum 动量守恒consistency [kən'sistənsi] n.收敛性constraint [kən'streint] n. 约束contaminant [kən'tæmənənt]n.杂质；污染物continuum mechanics 连续介质力学contractile [kən'træktail] adj.可压缩的contracted notation 缩约记号contour ['kɔntuə] n.轮廓，等高线convection-diffusion 对流扩散convective velocity 对流速度convergence [kən'və:dʒəns] n.收敛convergence rate 收敛速度coolant ['ku:lənt] n.冷冻剂Coriolis acceleration 科氏加速度corrosion [kə'rəuʒən] n. 腐蚀，侵入corrosion resistance 耐蚀性；抗腐蚀性couple-stress 偶应力couple ['kʌpl] n. 力偶vt.偶合curvature ['kə:vətʃə] n.弯曲；曲率corrugate ['kɔrugeit] vt. &vi. 起皱纹complex truss 复式桁架compound truss 复氏桁架301criterion [krai'tiəriən] n.标准；准则coplanar [kəu'pleinə] adj. 共平面的concurrent [kən'kʌrənt] adj.同时发生的configuration [kən,figju'reiʃən] n.构型，结构，形态critical form 危形complementary function 余函数critical damping 临界阻尼conjugate ['kɔndʒə,geɪt] adj.共轭的constituent [kən'stitjuənt] adj.本质的，本构的constitutive theory 本构理论constitutive equation 本构方程constantan ['kɔnstəntæn]n.一种铜与镍的合金contrived variational principle 约束变分原理corrosion fatigue 腐蚀疲劳counter stress 对应力；相反应力crack [kræk] vt.&vi裂开，爆裂，断裂n.裂纹crack front 裂纹前沿crack initiation 裂纹起始；起裂crack nucleation 裂纹成核crack propagation 裂纹扩展crack tip 裂尖creep [kri:p]vi. 蠕变n.蠕变creep fatigue 蠕变疲劳creep fracture 蠕变断裂cross-bracing 交叉撑条cross joint 横节理302cross section 横截面critical state 临界状态critical load 临界载荷crook [kruk] vi.弯曲，成钩状crookedness ['krukidnis] n.弯曲；扭曲crush [krʌʃ] vt.&vi 压碎；折皱crystal lattice 晶格cull [kʌl] vt. 剔除n. 剔除culminate ['kʌlmineit] vi.达到顶点cycle number 循环次数cyclic loading 循环载荷cyclic stress 循环应力cylinder head 汽缸盖Ddamage ['dæmidʒ] n.损伤vt 损坏damping ['dæmpiŋ]adj.阻尼damping factor 阻尼系数dashe line 虚线dead weight 静止重量；自重；净重dealloying [,di:ə'lɔiiŋ]n.脱合金成分腐蚀decameter ['dekə,mi:tə] n. 十米defect [di'fekt]n.缺陷deflect [di'flekt] vt.&vi.偏斜，转向deflection [di'flekʃən] n.挠曲，挠度，偏斜deform [di'fɔ:m] vt.&vi.变形deformation [,di:fɔ:'meiʃən] n.变形degree of freedom 自由度303degree of redundancy 冗余度denominator [dɪ'nɔmə,neɪtə] n.分母density functional theory (DFT) 密度泛函理论derivative [di'rivətiv] n. 导数determinate [di'tə:minit] adj.确定的，静定的determinate structure 静定结构deviatoric plane 偏平面deviatoric stress 偏应力die [dai] n.冲模, 钢模die-cast housing 压铸壳differential equation 微分方程differentiation [,difə,renʃi'eiʃən]n.微分differential operator 微分算符diffusion coefficient 扩散系数digital image correlation 数字图像相关dimensionless [də'menʃənləs] adj.无量纲dip [dip] n. 浸泡；浸；下沉；倾斜vt.&vi.浸泡；浸；下沉；倾斜dip coating 浸涂Dirac delta function 狄拉克δ函数direction cosine 方向余弦Dirichlet condition 狄利克来条件discipline ['disiplin, 'disəplin] n.学科discrete 离散的dislocation [,dislə'keiʃən] n.位错displacement [dis'pleismənt] n. 位移displacement function 位移函数dissipation principle 耗散定理304divergence [dai'və:dʒəns] n.散度，分歧，分离dolerite ['dɔlərait] n.辉绿岩，粗粒玄武岩dolomite ['dɔləmait] n.白云石，石灰石drag [dræg] n.阻力droplet ['drɔplit] n.小滴；微滴ductile ['dʌktail] adj.韧性的，柔软的ductility [dʌk'tiliti] n.韧性Duhamel's integral 杜哈美积分dummy resistor 假电阻；仿真电阻duty cycle 负载循环；工作周期dyke [daik] n.沟；渠；堤坝dynamics [dai'næmiks] n. 动力学；力学；动态dynamic crack growth 动态裂纹扩展Eearth-moving 运土的eccentricity [,eksen'trisiti] n. 离心；偏心率elastic [i'læstik] adj.弹性的elastic limit 弹性极限elastic-perfectly plastic 理想弹塑性elastic-plastic 弹塑性的elastic wave 弹性波elasticity [,elæs'tisəti] n.弹性elasticity matrix 弹性矩阵elastomer [i'læstəmə] n.弹性体elastoplastic [i'læstəplæstik] n.弹塑性elasto-viscoplastic 弹粘塑性的electrical resistance strain gage 电阻应变计element ['elimənt] n.构件，要素，成分305elongate ['i:lɔŋgeit]vt. & vi.拉长;伸长;延长elongation [,i:lɔŋ'geiʃən] n.伸长，延长embossing [im'bɔ:s] vt.压纹；模压加工emulsion [i'mʌlʃən] n.乳胶液；感光乳剂encapsulation [in,kæpsju'leiʃən] n.包装；封装energy release rate 能量释放率engine block 发动机缸体engineering shear strain 工程剪应变epoxy [ep'ɔksi] n.环氧树脂equation of continuity 连续性方程equation of state 状态方程equilibrium [,i:kwi'libriəm] n. 平衡，均衡equilibrium equation 平衡方程equivalent nodal force 等效节点力error estimation 误差估计esthetics [es'θetiks] n.美学etch [etʃ] vt. 蚀刻ethanol ['eθə.nɔl, 'eθə.nəul] n. 乙醇Euler-Lagrange equation 欧拉－拉格朗日方程excavation [,ekskə'veiʃən] n.挖掘；发掘excitation [ek'saitətiv] n. 激励exigency [ek'sidʒənsi] n.紧急experimental stress analysis 实验应力分析explicit algorithm 显式算法extensometer [,eksten'sɔmitə] n.伸长计；引伸计external force 外力externally statically determinate 外部静定extreme position 极端位置306Ffailure ['feiljə] n. 破坏，失效fallacious [fə'leiʃəs] adj.谬误的；不合理的fashion ['fæʃən] vt.制造，使成形n.时尚fatigue [fə'ti:g] n.疲劳vi.&vt.（使）疲劳fatigue curve 疲劳曲线fatigue failure 疲劳破坏fault [fɔ:lt] n.断层felt pad 毛毡坐垫ferroelectric [,ferəui'lektrik]adj.铁电的fiber reinforced composite 纤维增强复合材料fibrous ['faibrəs] adj.纤维的finite element 有限单元finite difference method 有限差分法fixed-end 固定端flange [flændʒ] n. 凸缘；边缘；轮缘flexible ['fleksəbl] a dj. 柔度的，可弯曲的，柔韧的flexure ['flekʃə] n. 弯曲，曲率，挠度flow [fləu] vi.流动fluidics ['flu:idiks] n.应用流体学；射流技术fluid coupling 液力联轴节fluid mechanics 流体力学flux [flʌks] n.流量；熔化foil strain gauge 箔氏应变计folded plate 褶皱板force [fɔ:s] n. 力; 力量307forced vibration 强迫振动formula ['fɔ:mjulə] n. 公式formulate ['fɔ:mjuleit] vt.公式化，用公式描述forward difference 向前差分fracture ['fræktʃə] n.断裂vi.&vt. （使）断裂fracture mechanics 断裂力学fracture toughness 断裂韧性frame [freim] n.框架free-cutting alloy 易切削合金free vibration 自由振动frequency of vibration 振动频率friction force 摩擦力fringe [frindʒ] n.条纹fragment ['frægmənt]n.碎片；破碎functional ['fʌŋkʃənəl] n.泛函Ggage factor 应变灵敏度系数gas turbine engine 汽轮机geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] n.地质学，地质情况gigahertz [ˈɡiɡəhə:ts]n.十亿赫兹, 千兆赫gradient ['greidiənt] n.梯度，倾斜度grain [grein] n.晶粒granite ['grænit] n.花岗岩，花岗石graphite ['græfait] n.石墨grid [grid] n.格子Griffith‘s problem Griffith 问题gusset ['gʌsit] n. 角板；三角形衬料308gust [gʌst] n.阵风Hhanger ['hæŋə] n. 挂钩, 悬挂物hardening characteristic 硬化特性hardening rule 强化准则，强化定律hardness ['hɑ:dnis]n. 硬度，硬性harmonic [hɑ:'mɔnik]adj.简谐的harmonic force 谐力harmonic motion 简谐振动harness ['hɑ:nis]n.马具；管理；控制headway ['hedwei] n.前进；航行速度heat conduction equation 热传导方程heterodyning ['hetərəu,dainiŋ] n.外差作用heterogeneity [,hetərodʒi'ni:iti] n.非均匀性heterostructure [hetərəu'strʌktʃə(r)] n.异质结构heuristic [hjuə'ristik] adj.启发式的；探索的hierarchical [,haiə'rɑ:kikl]adj.按等级划分的hierarchical organization 分层结构high-cycle fatigue 高周疲劳high-frequency component 高频分量high-strength 高强度holder ['həuldə] n.固定器；支架holography [həu'lɔgrəfi] n.全息照相技术holy grail 圣杯；圣盘homogeneous [,homə'dʒinɪəs] adj. 同质的, 均匀的, 齐次的n.谐波homogeneous equation 其次方程Hooke's law 胡克定律309hostile environment 恶劣环境hydrodynamics ['haidrəudai'næmiks]n. 水动力学hydrostatic pressure 静水压力hysteresis [,histə'ri:sis] n.滞后（现象），滞后作用hysteresis loop 迟滞环；滞后回线Iideal gas 理想气体identity matrix 单位矩阵igneous ['igniəs] adj.火成的；火的imaginary part 虚部imaging method 成像法implicit algorithm 隐式算法impregnate [im'pregneit] vt.注入,使充满；adj. 充满的impress [im'pres] n.印象；特征；传送vi.印象；传送impulse-response function 脉冲响应函数inasmuch [inəz'mʌtʃ] adv. 由于；因为incompressible fluid 不可压缩流体indeterminate [,indi'tə:minit] adj.不确定的, 超静定的indeterminate structure 超静定结构indiscriminately [indi'skriminitli] adv. 无差别；任意地inertia [in'ə:ʃiə, in'ə:ʃə] n.惯性infinitesimal [,infini'tesiməl] adj.无限小的initial displacement 初始位移initial residual stress 初始残余应力initial velocity 初始速度initial yield surface 初始屈服面inorganic ['inɔ:'gænik] adj.无机的；非自然生长的310in-plane 面内I-shaped steel 工字钢instability [,instə'biliti] n. 不稳定insulating backing 绝缘基integral ['intigrəl] n. 积分；整数integral equation 积分方程integration [,inti'greiʃən] n.积分interferometry [,ɪntəfə'rɔmɪtə] n.干涉测量法interior cycle 内循环internal force 内力internal variable 内变量internally statically indeterminaten 内部静定interpolation function 插值函数interdisciplinary [,intə:'disiplinəri] adj. 学科间的；学科交叉的invariant [in'vɛəriənt] n.不变量; adj. 无变化的，不变的irreducible formulation 不可约型公式isothermal ['aisəu'θə:məl] adj.等温的n.等温线isotropic [,aisə'trɔpik] adj.各向同性的isotropic hardening 各项同性强化isotropy [ai'sɔtrəpi] n.各向同性iterative ['itərətiv] adj.迭代的Jjaw [dʒɔː]n.虎钳jelly ['dʒeli] n.胶状物J integral J积分joint [dʒɔint] n.节理311Kkinematic hardening 运动强化kinematics [,kinə'mætiks] n.运动学；动力学kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦LLagrangian [lə'grɑ:ndʒiən]adj. 拉格朗日的Lagrange method 拉格朗日方法Lagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子Lame constants 拉梅常数lamina ['læmənə]n.薄板；薄片laminar ['læminə] adj.层流laminate ['læmineit] n. 薄板；层压板；层板lamination [,læmi'neiʃən] n.制成薄板；薄板；层状体landslide ['lændslaid] n. 滑坡Laplace operator 拉普拉斯算符large-scale parallel computing 大规模并行计算lateral force 横向力lattice ['lætis] n.格子；点阵layer ['leiə] n.层least energy dissipation principle 最小能量耗散原理lifetime ['laiftaim] n.寿命linear elastic fracture mechanics 线性弹性断裂力学linear interpolation 线性插值linearized theory 线性化理论lipid ['lipid] n.脂质；油脂liquid crystal 液晶lithological [ li'θɔlədʒikəl ] adj.岩性的，岩石的312Lode parameter Lode参数longevity [lɔn'dʒeviti] n.长寿；寿命longitudinal ['lɔndʒi'tju:dinəl] adj. 纵向的，经度的longitudinal shear (or antiplane) mode of cracking 裂纹纵向剪切（反对称）模式longitudinal strain 纵向应变low-carbon steel 低碳钢low-cycle fatigue 低周疲劳lowly ['ləuli] adj.贫贱的；地位低下的Mmachinability [məʃi:nə'biliti] n.可切削性；机械加工性macro-mechanics 宏观力学macroscopic crack 宏观裂纹magnetic dot 磁点magnesium ['mæg'ni:ʃiəm] n. 镁mandrel ['mændrəl] n.心轴；拉延martensite ['mɑ:tən,zait] n.马氏体martensitic transformation 马氏体转变masonry ['meisnri] n.石造建筑；石造工程mass-spring-damper system 质量－弹簧－阻尼系统material derivative 物质导数mathematical statement 数学表达式，数学描述matrix ['meitriks] n.矩阵;基体（材料）matrices [复数] ['meitrisi:z]mean free path 平均自由程measurable ['meʒərəbəl] adj.可测量的mechanics [mi'kæniks] n. 力学mechanics of fluids 流体力学313mechanistic [,mekə'nistik] adj. 机械学的；机械的member ['membə] n. 构件meso-mechanics 细观力学mesostructure n.细观结构；中构造metallurgical [,metə'lə:dʒikl] adj. 冶金的metal forming 金属成型metamorphic [,metə'mɔ:fik]adj.变性的；变质的method of weigted residual 加权残值法micelle [mai'sel] n.微团；胶束microcavitation n.微空隙microcrack ['maikrəukræk, 'maikrəu.kræk] n. 微裂纹micro-electro-mechanical 微机电的micro-mechanics 微观力学microscopic ['maikrə'skɔpik] adj. 显微的，微观的microvoid [,maikrəu'vɔid] n.微孔military engineering 军事工程学mining ['mainiŋ] n.采矿；矿业mis-folding 错折叠mixed formulation 混合型公式mnemonic [ni:'mɔnik] adj.记忆的n. 记忆方法modal analysis 模态分析modality [məu'dæliti] n.样式；形式；形态modulus ['mɔdjuləs]；n. 模量，系数moduli [复数] ['mɔdʒə,lai]modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of volume expansion 体积膨胀模量Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion 摩尔－哥伦布破坏准则314moire [mwɑ:] n.云纹moire interferometry 云纹干涉法molecular dynamics (MD) 分子动力学moment of inertia 惯性矩momentum [məu'mentəm] n.动量，冲量monolithic [,mɔnə'liθik]adj. 独石的；单体的；整体的monotonic [mɔnəu'tɔnik] adj. 单调的；单斜晶体的Monte Carlo (MC) 蒙特卡罗mount [maunt] vt. 安装mud [mʌd] n.泥；泥浆Multi Body Dynamics (MBD) 多体动力学multiphase flow多相流multiplier ['mʌltəplaiə] n. 乘数multi-scale 多尺度myriad ['miriəd] n.无数；极大数量adj. 无数的；极大数量的Nnanocomposite n.纳米复合材料nanofabrication n.纳米加工nanohole n.纳米空洞nano-mechanics 纳米力学nanoscale n.纳米尺度nanostructure n.纳米结构nanowire n.纳米线natural frequency 固有频率natural variational principle 自然变分原理Navier‘s equation纳维方程necessary condition 必要条件315necking zone 紧缩区域Neumann condition 纽曼条件neutral axis 中性轴Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体Newton's first law 牛顿第一定律Newton's second law 牛顿第二定律nitrocellulose ['naitrəu'seljuləus] n.硝化纤维素nodal displacement 节点位移nondimensional ['nɔndi'menʃənəl] n. 无量纲adj.无量纲（的）nonhomogeneous ['nɔnhɔmə'dʒi:njəs] adj.非均质的；非齐次的；多相的nonlinearity [,nɔnlini'æriti] n.非线性normal force 法向力notwithstand [,nɔtwiθ'stændiŋ]prep.尽管；虽然numerator ['nu:mə,reɪtə, 'nju:-] n.分子non-cyclic load 非循环载荷nonhomogeneous ['nɔnhɔmə'dʒi:njəs] adj.非均匀的nonstationary ['nɔn'steiʃənəri] adj.不稳定的；非定常的nondestructive evaluation 无损评价nonviscous adj.非粘性，无粘性non-Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体Oobjective function 目标函数oblique [əb'li:k] adj.斜的；倾斜offshore structure 离岸结构off-lattice 非格子off-road 越野的opening mode of cracking 裂纹张开模式316operator ['ɔpə,reitə] n.算符optimization [,ɔptimai'zeiʃən] n.优化optimize ['ɔptimaiz] vt.&vi.优化optimum ['ɔptiməm] adj. 最优的ordinary integral 寻常积分ordinary differential equation 常微分方程organic [ɔ:'gænik] adj. 有机的；有机物质orthotropic [,ɔ:θə'trɔpik] adj. 正交的oscillation [,ɔsi'leiʃən] n.振荡ostensibly [ɔs'tensəbli]adv.表面上地；外表上地out-of-plane n. 面外out-of-plane 面外outperform [,autpə'fɔ:m] vt. 优于；超额完成overstress ['əuvə'stres, .əuvə'stres] n. 过应力oxidize ['ɔksi,daiz] vt.& vi.（使）氧化Pparadigm ['pærədaim] n.范例partial differential equation 偏微分方程particular integral 特积分；特解particulate [pə'tikjulit] adj.微粒的particulate-reinforced composite 颗粒增强复合材料pendulum ['pendjuləm] n. 单摆，摆锤period of vibration 振动周期permanent deformation 永久变形perseverance [,pə:si'viərəns] n.不屈不挠；毅力phase [feiz] n.相phase angle 相位角317phenolics [fi'nɔliks] n.酚醛树脂photoelastic [fəutəui'læstik] adj.光弹性的photoelastic coating 光弹性涂层photoelastic stress analysis 光弹性应力分析piezoelectric [pai,i:zəui'lektrik] adj.压电的pile [pail] n.柱，桩，堆pinned end 销轴支承pin joint 铰接；关节接头piston ['pistən] n. 活塞pitch [pitʃ] n.沥青pixelate vt.使...像素化；将...分解成像素plane-strain 平面应变plane stress 平面应力plastic ['plæstik] adj.塑性的plastic flow塑性流动plastic wave 塑性波plasticity [plæs'tisiti] n.塑性ploughman ['plaumən] n.庄稼汉pneumatic [nju:'mætik] adj. 气动的；充气的Poisson effect 伯松效应Poisson‘s ratio泊松比polar coordinate 极坐标polarize ['pəulə,raiz] vi.&vt. （使）极化polycrystalline [pɔli'kristəlain] n.多晶体polymer ['pɔlimə] n.聚合物post [pəust] n.柱posteriori error estimation 后验误差估计potential energy 势能318predate [pri:'deit] vt.在日期上早于prestrain [pri:'strein] n.预应变primary structure 主要结构primary unknowns 主要未知量principal material axis 材料主轴principal stress 主应力printed circuit technique 印刷电路技术product 乘积proliferation [prə,lifə'reiʃən] n.增殖；扩散proportional limit 比例极限protein folding 蛋白质折叠pseudo-stochastic 伪随机的pulsating load 脉动载荷pulse excitation 脉冲激励pump [pʌmp] n.泵punch [pʌntʃ] vt. 钻孔pure shear 纯剪切Qquadratic [kwə'drætik] adj.二次的quadratic functional 二次泛函quantum mechanics 量子力学quasi-static 准静态，拟静态Rrate-dependednt 率相关的rate of dilation 膨胀率Rayleigh wave 瑞利波reaction [ri'ækʃən] n.支反力319reactor piping 反应堆管道red blood cell 红血球redundant constraint 多余约束reference axis 参考坐标系reinforced concrete 增强混泥土，钢筋混凝土reliability [ri,laiə'biliti] n.可靠性，可靠度reloading [ri:'ləudiŋ]vt. & vi.重复加载rendition [ren'diʃən] n.解释；演奏；投降repertoire ['repətwɑ:]n.全部节目；全部技能Representative Volume Element (RVE) 代表性体积单元reservoir ['rezəvwɑ:] n.蓄水库residual thermal stress 残余热应力resinous ['rezinəs]adj. 树脂的resin-coated adj. 树脂涂层的resonance ['rezənənt] adj. 共振response [ri'spɔns] n.响应，反应，回答resultant [ri'zʌltənt] adj.合成的，组合的resultant momentum 合力矩retool [ri:'tu:l] vi. & vt.重组；重新装备reversible [ri'və:səbl] adj.可逆的rib [rib] n.肋rigid-body 刚体rigid frame 刚架rigidity [ri'dʒiditi] n. 刚度，刚性rise time 上升时间rivet ['rivit] n.铆钉；铆接rock foundation 岩石基rock mechanics 岩石力学320rosette [rəu'zet] n.玫瑰花形物rotate [rəu'teit]vi.转动，旋转rotation [rəu'teiʃən]n.转动，旋转round-off error 舍入误差rubric ['ru:brik] n.类；标题；红色的Ssag [sæg] n.弧垂，垂度saturated soil 饱和土scalar ['skeilə] n. 数量；标量Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 扫描电子显微镜scanning mode 扫描方式Scanning Tunneling Microscope 扫描隧道电子显微镜second order derivative 二阶导数scouring ['skauəriŋ]n.擦洗；冲刷seed [si:d] vt. 崔云化雨sedimentary [,sedi'mentəri] adj.沉积的；沉淀性的；沉淀作用造成的seismic wave 地震波seismological [,saizmə'lɔdʒikl] adj.地震学上的seismology [saiz'mɔlədʒi] n.地震学sequel ['si:kwəl] n.结局；后果sewage ['sju:idʒ] n.污水，污秽物shadow moire 影栅云纹shape function 形状函数shape memory alloy (SM A) 形状记忆合金shape memory effect (SM E) 形状记忆效应shape optimization 形状优化shearing strain 剪切应变321shearing stress 剪切应力shock spectrum 冲击谱shock wave 冲击波；激波shrinkage 收缩；减少；损耗silicone gel 硅凝胶silly putty 弹性橡胶泥SI metric system 国际单位制simply supported beam 简支梁simple truss 简支桁架simultaneous [,saiməl'teinjəs] adj.同时发生的；同步的simultaneous equation 联立方程single-DOF 单自由度singularity [,siŋgju'læriti] n. 奇异性sintering ['sintəriŋ]vi.烧结sinusoidal function 正弦函数siting ['saitiŋ]n.建设地点sizing optimization 尺寸优化slab [slæb] n.平板；厚板slenderness ['slendənis] n.细长；细长度sliding ['slaidiŋ]n.滑移slip [slip] n.滑移slip plane 滑移面soil foundation 土基础soil mechanics 土力学solder ['sɔldə] n.焊接剂；接合剂solid mechanics 固体力学specified displacement 给定位移specified surface traction 给定面力322speckle interferometry 散斑干涉法spring constant 弹簧常数spring-supported 弹簧支撑stability [stə'biliti] n. 稳定，稳定性stainless steel 不锈钢statical indeterminancy 静不定static equilibrium 静力平衡static fatigue 静态疲劳static friction 静摩擦statics ['stætiks] n. 静力学stationarity [steiʃə'næriti] n.稳定性；稳态stationary ['steiʃənəri] adj.稳定的；不动的steady-state 稳态steel-framed 钢架step excitation 阶跃激励stereological [stiəri'ɔlədʒi, sterə'ɔlədʒi] adj. 体视学；立体测量学stereoscopic [,steriəs'kɔpik]adj.有立体感的stiffen ['stifn] vt.&vi. 刚化；使坚硬stiffness ['stifnis] n.刚度stocky ['stɔki] adj. 矮壮的；结实的strain [stren] n. 应变strain energy 应变能strain gage 应变计strain-induced quantum dot 应变诱发量子点strain rate 应变率strength [streŋθ] n.强度strength-to-weight ratio 比强度stress [strɛs] n. 应力323stress concentrator 应力集中点stress concentration 应力集中stress corrosion cracking 应力腐蚀起裂stress distribution 应力分布stress gradient 应力梯度stress-induced martensite (SIM) 应力诱发马氏体stress intensity factor 应力强度因子stress-matrix 应力矩阵stress ratio 应力比stress-strain diagram 应力应变图stress tensor 应力张量stress wave 应力波stretch [stretʃ] vt. & vi. 伸展，拉紧，.延伸strike [straik] vi.走向structural optimization 结构优化structural steel 结构钢sub-discipline 分支学科subdomain n.子域submicron ['sʌb'maikrɔn] n.亚微细米；亚微细粒adj. 表面活性剂的substrate ['sʌbstreit] n.基片；基底sufficient condition 充分条件super-hydrophobic 超蔬水superelasticity n.超弹性superposition [ˌsju:pəpəˈziʃən] n. 叠加，重叠，叠合support [sə'pɔ:t] n.支撑surface force 表面力surface traction 表面力324surfactant [sə:'fæktənt] n.表面活性剂symmetric [si'metrik] adj. 对称的Ttangent matrix 切线矩阵Taylor series expansion 泰勒级数展开T-beam T型梁tectonophysics [,tektənəu'fiziks] n.构造物理学, 地壳构造物理学tensile stress 拉应力tensile strength 拉伸强度tensile-testing machine 拉伸试验机tensile test specimen 拉伸试样tension ['tenʃən] n. 张量，张力，拉力tensor ['tensə] n. 张量tensor-transformation 张量转换theoretical and applied mechanics 理论与应用力学thermal camera 热感照相机thermal expansion coefficient 热膨胀系数thermal stress 热应力thermo-fatigue 热疲劳thermography [θə:'mɔgrəfi] n. 温度记录法；热熔印刷thermomechanics [θə:məumi'kæniks] n.热力学thermosetting resin 热固性树脂thrust [θrʌst] vt.&vi. 抛掷tillage ['tilidʒ] n.耕种，耕作time derivative 时间导数time lag 时间滞后titanium [tai'teiniəm] n. 钛325tolerating strain 容许应变tomographic [təu'mɔgrəfi] n.X线断层摄影术；X线体层照相术topography [tə'pɔgrəfi]n.地质，地形学topology optimization 拓扑优化trade-off n.权衡；取舍transducer [træns'dju:sə] n.传感器transient term 暂时项；衰减项transport equation 输运方程；迁移方程Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) 透射电子显微镜transverse shear mode of cracking 裂纹横向剪切模式transversely isotropic 横观各向同性Tresca yield criterion 特雷斯加屈服准则trial and error 试错trial function 试函数triaxiality [traiæksi'æliti] n.三轴；三维triclinic [trai'klinik]adj.三斜晶系的true stress 真实应力truncation error 截断误差truss [trʌs] n.桁架turbulent flow湍流流动tunable ['tju:nəbl] adj.可调谐的turbulent ['tə:bjulənt] adj.湍流的twinned boundary 孪生边界two-span beam 双跨梁Uubiquitous [ju:'bikwitəs] adj.到处存在的ultimate tensile strength 最大拉伸强度ultrasonics [,ʌltrə'sɔniks] n.超声波, 超声学326unbalance ['ʌn'bæləns] n. 不平衡unconditionally stable 无条件稳定的undamped [ʌn'dæmpt] adj. 无阻尼的uniaxial strain 单轴应变uniaxial stress 单轴应力uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸unit impulse 单位脉冲unload ['ʌn'ləud] vt.& vt. 卸载upwind scheme 迎风格式Vvacuum deposition technique 真空淀积技术variable ['vɛəriəbl] n.变量adj.可变的variational principle 变分原理vector ['vektə] n. 矢量；向量vibration [vai'breiʃən] n.振动，震动vibratory ['vaibrətəri] adj.振动的Vierendeel truss 空腹桁架；弗伦第尔桁架virtual design 虚拟设计visco-elastic 粘弹性的viscoelastic wave 粘弹性波viscoelasticity ['viskəuilæs'tisiti] n.粘弹性visco-plastic 粘塑性的viscoplastic potential 粘塑性势viscosity [vis'kɔsiti] n.粘性viscosity coefficient 粘性系数viscous ['viskəs] adj. 粘性的viscous damping 粘性阻尼327von Mises yield criterion 冯米赛斯屈服准则volume fraction 体积分数volumetric strain 体积应变Wwavenumber n.波数wear resistance 耐磨性，耐磨度web [web] n. 腹板weld [weld] vt.&vi. 焊接n. 焊接weldability [weldə'biliti] n. 焊接性；可焊性Wheatstone bridge 惠斯通电桥whisker ['hwiskə] n.金须wire strain gauge 金属丝应变计work [wə:k] n. 功workability [,wə:kə'biliti] n.可使用性；施工性能；可加工性woven fiber 编织纤维wraparound ['ræpə,raund] adj.围绕的；围绕物wrought [rɔ:t] adj.锻造的；加工的；精细的Yyield criterion 屈服准则yield function 屈服函数yield point 屈服点yield strength 屈服强度Zzinc [ziŋk] n.锌328。
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Mechanics Glossary 力学术语表
Chapter1Stress应力
1.1 Introduction引言
1.2 Equilibrium of a Deformable Body变形体的平衡
1.3 Stress应力
1.4 Average Normal Stress in all Axially Loaded Bar
轴向加载杆的平均正应力
1.5 Average Shear Stress平均剪应力 e
1.6 Allowable Stress容许应力
Chapter2Strain应变
2.1 Deformation变形
2.2 Strain应变
Chapter3Mechanical Properties of Materials材料的力学性质
3.1 The Tension and Compression Test拉伸和压缩试验
3.2 The Stress—Strain Diagram应力一应变图
3.3 Stress—Strain Behavior of Ductile and Brittle Materials
塑性和脆性材料的应力一应变特性
3.4 Hooke’s Law虎克定律
3.5 Strain Energy应变能
3.6 Poisson’s Ratio泊松比
3.7 The Shear Stress—Strain Diagram剪切应力一应变图
Chapter4Axial Load轴向荷载
4.1 Saint—Venant’s Principle圣文南原理
4.2 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member
轴向加载杆件的弹性变形
4.3 Principle of Superposition叠加原理
4.4 Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded Member静不定轴向加载杆件
4.5 The Force Method of Analysis for Axially Loaded Members
分析轴向加载杆件的力法
4.6 Thermal Stress热应力
4.7 Stress Concentrations应力集中
Chaoter5Torsion扭转
5.1 Torsional Deformation of a Circular Shaft圆轴的扭转变形
5.2 The Torsion Formula扭转公式
5.3 Power Transmission功率传递
5.4 Angle of Twist扭转角
5.5 Statically Indeterminate Torque-Loaded Members静不定受扭杆件
5.6* Solid Noncircular Shafts非圆截面实轴
Chapter6Bending弯曲
6.1 Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moment Diagrams
绘制剪力和弯矩图的图解法
6.2 Shear and Moment Diagrams剪力和弯矩图
6.3 Bending Deformation of a Straight Member直杆的弯曲变形
6.4 The Rexure Formula弯曲公式
6.5 Unsymmetric Bending非对称弯曲
Chapter7Trallsverse Shear横向剪力
7.1 Shear in Straight Members直杆中的剪力
7.2 The Shear Formula剪切公式
7.3 Shear Stresses in Beams梁中的剪应力
7.4 Shear Flow in Built-up Members组装杆件中的剪力流
7.5 Shear Flow in Thin-Walled Members薄壁杆件中的剪力流
7.6* Shear Center剪切中心
Chapter8Combined Loadings组合荷载
8.1 Thin-Wailed Pressure Vessels薄壁压力容器
8.2 State of Stress Caused by Combined Loadings组合荷载引起应力状态Chapter9Stress Transformation应力转换
9.I Plane-Stress Transformation平面应力转换
9.2 General Equations of Plane-Stress Transformation
平面应力转换的一般公式
9.3Principal Stresses and Maximum In Plane Shear Stress
主应力和平面内最大剪应力
9.4 Mohr’s Circle—Plane Stress莫尔圆一平面应力
9.5 Stress in Shafts Due to Axial Load and Torsion
轴向荷载和扭矩引起的轴中应力
9.6 Stress Variations Throughout a Prismatic Beam等截面梁内应力变化
9.7 Absolute Maximum Shear tress所有方向上最大剪应力
Chapter10Strain Transformation应变转换
10.1 Plane Strain平面应变
10.2 General Equations of Plane-Strain Transformation
平面应变转换的一般公式
10.3 Strain Rosettes应变花
10.4 Material—Property Relationships材料性质关系
10.5* Theories of Failure失效理论
Chapter11Design of Beams and Shafts梁和轴的设计
11.1 Basis for Beam Design梁设计基础
11.2 Prismatic Beam Design等截面梁/柱状梁设计
11.3* Fully Stressed Beams满应力梁
11.4* Shaft Design轴设计
Chapter12Deflections of Beams and Shafts梁和轴的挠度
12.1 The Elastic Curve弹性曲线
12.2 Slope and Displacement by Integration积分求斜率和位移
12.3 Method of Superposition叠加法
12.4 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts静不定梁和轴
12.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts—Method of Integration
静不定梁和轴一积分法
12.6 Statically Indeterminate Beams and Shafts—Method of Superposition
静不定梁和轴一叠加法
Chapter13Buckling of Columns柱的屈曲
13.1 Critical Load临界荷载
13.2 Ideal Column with Pin Supports两端铰支的理想柱
13.3 Columns Having Various Types of Supports有各种支承的柱
13.4* Secant Formula正割公式
13.5* Inelastic Buckling非弹性屈曲
Chapter14Energy Methods能量法
14.1 External Work and Strain Energy外力功和应变能
14.2 Elastic Strain Energy for Various Types of Loading
各种荷载下的弹性应变能
14.3 Conservation of Energy能量守恒
14.4 Impact Loading冲击荷载
14.5* Castigliano’s Theorem卡氏定理
14.6* Castigliano’s Theorem Applied to Trusses卡氏定理在桁架上的应用
14.7* Castigliano’s Theorem Applied to Beams卡氏定理在梁上的应用Appendix A Geometric Properties of an Area面积的几何性质
A.1 Centroid of an Area面积的形心
A.2 Moment of Inertia for an Area面积的惯性矩
A.3 Product of Inertia for an Area面积的惯性积
A.4 Moments of Inertia for an Area about Inc lined Axes
面积对斜轴的惯性矩
Appendix B Geometric Properties of Structural Shapes
结构型钢的几何性质
Appendix C Slopes and Deflections of Beams梁的转角和托度
Answers参考答案
Glossary术语。