17-18版 课后分层集训 必修1 Unit 2 Heroes (A卷)

课后分层集训必修1Unit 2Heroes (A卷) Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Try rubbing (摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket.It should become hot.In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm.The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction (摩擦力)”．In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.This was a difficult way of making fire.Better ways were found by using flint (火石)，but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match.The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷)，a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly.The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper，the friction easily set the phosphorus alight.These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces，including the leather sole (鞋底) of a shoe.At the time，everyone thought this was a wonderful invention.Unfortunately accidents happened.A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated.Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket！Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface.In 1852，the safety match was invented in Sweden.No phosphorus was used in the match head—it was put on the outside of the matchbox instead.This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

介绍了火柴的发明过程。

1．Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?A．The leaves or grass is easy to be alight.B．The leaves or grass covered the wood well.C．The leaves or grass helped the air cause heat.D．The leaves or grass acted as the role of a match.A[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.”可知，与天气冷时人们摩擦取暖一样，住山洞的人用干燥的树叶和草是因为它们容易擦燃。

故选A。

]2．What was the match made of in 1827?A．Leather soles，sandpaper and leaves.B．Wood，leather soles and sandpaper.C．Phosphorus，wood and sandpaper.D．Phosphorus，sandpaper and flint.C[细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷)．..The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper...”可知，当时火柴中含有phosphorus，wood和sandpaper。

故选C。

]3．If we used the safety match，we could see ________．A．loose matches could catch fire fiercelyB．phosphorus wasn't needed inside matchboxesC．there were matches and sandpaper in matchboxesD．the special surface containing sandpaper and phosphorusD[推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.”可知，我们能看到火柴盒特殊的表面上含砂纸和磷。

故选D。

]B(2017·合肥高三检测)It's the universal cry of parents “Get a job！” Soliman'smother told Soliman on the second day of his college breaks.After years of delivering furniture for his mother's store，he knew many people had things they wanted to get rid of.If he borrowed his mom's truck，he could make a little money by carrying away their garbage.One night，Soliman came up with a name for his new business—College Hunks Hauling Junk.He advertised the next day，and within hours，his phone rang.He asked his friend Friedman to help.They made $220 in three hours by cleaning out a woman's garage.Soliman and Friedman earned $10，000 that summer.But the two weren't ready to become full­time garbage men after graduation.“We were trained to finish college and get a good job，”says Soliman，who first worked at a research firm.Friedman became an economic analyst.After working for the firm and the company for a while，both of them changed their minds.They quit their jobs and restarted their business，but had trouble finding a bank willing to lend them money.“Within months，”says Friedman，“we were pretty upset.”At last，one bank risked lending them $50，000.At first，they lost money.One customer asked them to deal with a dozen garbage cans filled with construction garbage.They measured the job by volume instead of by weight and charged just $130.“The cans were so heavy that it took us two and a half hours，”says Soliman，“and it cost us more than $250 to carry the load.”However，the tough experience taught them a lesson.They reduced the cost of unloading by recycling metals and electronics.Just four years later，they ran a nationwide company that earned $3 million in 2014.“I figured if Nick and I failed，we'd learn more from failing than from not trying at all，”says Soliman.【语篇解读】Soliman通过为妈妈的商店运送家具了解到许多人有不想要的东西。