2017年英语专业八级考试人文知识精选练习题及答
专八人文知识（练习题+答案详解）
专八人文知识（练习题+答案详解）专八人文知识（练习题+答案详解）专八人文知识练习（1）1. Morphology is a study of ___1___A. the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formationB. the uses of different types of utterances in different contextsC. the differences between sounds used in human languages and sounds in natureD. the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world2.Which of the following does NOT belong to “open class words”?___2___A. NounsB. AdjectivesC. ConjunctionsD. Adverbs3. What is the minimal unit of meaning?___3___A. PhonemeB. MorphemeC. AllophoneD. Allomorph4. Which of the following is NOT a free morpheme?___4___A. bedB. tressC. danceD. children5. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?___5___A. RainbowB. InactionC. Icy-coldD. Unpleasant6. ___6___ are bound morphemes because they can not be used as separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds7.Syntax mainly deals with ___7___A. how a language changes through timeB. how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.C. how the human work when they use languageD. how a language varies through geographical space8.Syntactic categories contain the type of ___8___A. meaning that words expressB. affixes that the words takeC. structures in which the words can occurD. all of the above9.Which of the following is NOT the concern of a word category? ___9___A. A word category can be determined by meaning, inflection and distributionB. T o determine a word’s category by its meaning only is often not reliable.C. A word category can be embodied directly from its meaning.D. Distribution is more reliable than the meaning todetermine a word’s category.10. What elements does a phrase contain? ___10___A. Head, determine and complement.B. Head, specifier and complement.C. Head, specifier and complementizer.D. Head, determiner and complementizer.参考答案：ACBDD CBDCB专八人文知识练习（2）1. Where is Belfast?A. In Ireland.B. In WalesC. In Northern Ireland.D. In Scotland.2. The capital of New Zealand is_____A. Canberra.B. Ottawa.C. Wellington.D. Washington.3. Which of the following is NOT a U.K. newspaper?A. The Guardian.B. Christian Science Monitor.C. The Daily Telegraph.D. The Times.4. The community college is a kind of_____ college popular in_____ to satisfy the needs of both the individual and the society.A. five-year; U.K.B. four-year; U.K.C. three-year; U.S.D. two-year; U.S.5. James Joyce was a famous____ whose masterpiece Ulysseshas been highly eulogized in the Western literary world as one of the greatest works in the 20th century.A. Essayist.B. Novelist.C. Poet.D. Playwright.6. George Gordon Byron was famous for the following works except____A. Child Harold’s Pilgrimage.B. Queen Mab.C. Hours of Idleness.D. Don Juan.7. Which of the following is Nathaniel Hawthorne’s most noteworthy novel in the world?A. Gone with the Wind.B. For Whom the Bell Tolls.C. American Tragedy.D. The Scarlet Letter8.The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences is______.A. syntaxB. semanticsC. morphologyD. sociolinguistics9.Words like “Xerox” and ”Kodak” a re formed by____A. back-formationB. blendingC. coinageD. acronym10.Which of the following is NOT an approach for English language to enrich its vocabulary in the past several centuries?A. BorrowingB. UpgradationC. NarrowingD. Widening参考答案：CCBDB BDACB专八人文知识练习（3）1 _____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.A Washington D.C.B Los AngelesC San FranciscoD New Y ork City2 _____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.A BlacksB HispanicsC IndiansD Asian Americans3 Washington D.C. is named after___________.A the U.S. President George WashingtonB Christopher ColumbusC both George Washington and Christopher ColumbusD none of them4 American and British English are two_____ of the English language.A varietiesB elementsC partsD form5 The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.A Thomas JeffersonB James MonroeC James MadisonD Abraham Lincoln6 Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_____.A Rhode IslandB VirginiaC TexasD Montana7 The national flag of the United States is known as_____.A the Star-Spangled BannerB Uncle SamC Hot DogD Union Jack8 The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.A contribution a state has made to the nationB populationC sizeD none of the above9 The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____.A the Amazon RiverB the Mississippi RiverC the Nile RiverD the Hudson River10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as a gift in 1884.A FranceB SpainC ItalyD Britain答案详解：1 D,纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。
2017年英语专业八级考试参考答案
18. Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writer and a reader as (Para.5).
答案：［B］collaborative
答案：［D］variety
15. Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras.1 and 11?
答案：［A］Publicity.
PASSAGE TWO
16. It can be inferred from Paras.1 and 2 that teachers used to .
7.features; characters; characteristics; properties 都可以。( 考生归纳总结，表示“特征”的这几个同义词都可以，但必须拼写正确)*
8.(individuals'/ people's) reaction。( 但是没有reaction 就不得分)
9.distance。(拼写错了不得分)
13. The author uses “gloriously” in Para. 6 to .
答案：［C］contrast greenery with isolation
14. The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice” in Para. 10 reflects the of the seafood there.
5.avoiding ;to avoid 都可以。(这一题需要考生归纳，只需表达出“可以避免、克服”之意即可)
专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（人文知识）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.535)的代表作。
知识模块：人文知识7．Which of the following is not a work of Edgar Allan Poe in American history?A．The Raven.B．Annabel Lee.C．To Helen.D．The Pasture.正确答案：D解析：Edgar Allan Poe(埃德加·爱伦·坡，1809～1894)美国作家、诗人、编辑及文学评论家。
其诗旋律优美，才华横溢。
诗歌特色是唯美和恐怖，如让人毛骨悚然的诗歌The Raven(《乌鸦》)。
Israfel(《以色拉非》)是爱伦·坡为自己所做的代言诗歌，而Annabel Lee(《安娜贝尔·李》)则是哀悼一位美丽女孩之死。
死亡是爱伦·坡作品中多次出现的主题。
To Helen(《致海伦》)也是其著名作品。
[D]The Pasture(《牧场》)是美国著名田园诗人Robert Frost(罗伯特·弗罗斯特，1874～1963)的诗作，故为答案。
知识模块：人文知识8．Chomsky’s ______ hypothesis is based on his observations that some important facts can never be otherwise explained adequately such as children can learn language very fast.A．naturalB．innatenessC．genuineD．heritage正确答案：B解析：Chomsky认为语言是某种天赋，儿童天生就具有一种学习语言的能力，叫做“语言习得机制(LAD)”。
他认为儿童生来就具有一种独特的天赋才能(innateness)，即儿童天生就具有基本的语法知识和语法范畴的知识，并且这种知识是一种通用的、普遍的知识，是存在于一切人类语言之中并为人类幼儿所天生具有的知识，[B]innateness(天赋)为答案。
2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）
2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）28. Which of the following best describes the attitude of other people on the train towards the couple?[A] They regarded the couple as an object of fun.[B] They expressed indifference towards the couple.[C] They were very curious about the couple.[D] They showed friendliness towards the couple.29. Which of the following contains a metaphor?[A] ... like a man waiting in a barber's shop.[B] ... his countenance radiant with benevolence.[C] ... sweeping over the horizon, a precipice.[D] ... as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil.30. We can infer from the last paragraph that in the dining-car[A] the waiters were snobbish. [B] the couple felt ill at ease.[C] the service was satisfactory. [D] the couple enjoyed their dinner.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGEThere are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is[A] Northern Ireland. [B] Scotland. [C] England. [D] Wales.32. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores.[A] the French [B] the Germans [C] the British [D] the Dutch33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?[A] Canada. [B] New Zealand.[C] Great Britain. [D] The United States of America.34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution?[A] Thomas Jefferson. [B] Thomas Paine.[C] John Adams. [D] Benjamin Franklin.35. Virginia Woolf was an important female ______ in the 20th-century England.[A] poet [B] biographer [C] playwright [D] novelist36. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation's history.[A] Ballad [B] Romance [C] Epic [D] Elegy37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?[A] The Great Gatsby. [B] The Sun Also Rises.[C] The Sound and the Fury. [D] Beyond the Horizon.38. ______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.[A] Semantics [B] Pragmatics[C] Cognitive linguistics [D] Sociolinguistics39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of[A] absence of obstruction. [B] presence of obstruction.[C] manner of articulation. [D] place of articulation.40. The definition "the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to[A] Pidgin. [B] Creole.[C] Multilingualism. [D] Bilingualism.PART IV PROOFREADING &ERROR CORRECTIONPART V TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATIONTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English.现代社会无论价值的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。
2017年英语专业八级考试人文知识精选测试题及答案3
1. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT_____________. A. the Anglos B. the Celts C. the Jutes D. the Saxons 2. The Head of State of Canada is represented by . A. the Monarch B. the President C. the Prime Minister D. the Governor-general . The Declaration of Independence was written by____________. A. Thomas Jefferson B. George Washington C. Alexander Hamilton D. James Madison 4. The original inhabitants of Australia were_______________. A. the Red Indians B. the Eskimos C. the Aborigines D. the Maoris 5. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte? A. Oliver Twist B. Middlemarch C. Jane Eyre D. Wuthering Heights 6. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright. A. American B. Canadian C. Irish D. Australian 7. Death of a Salesman was tten by_____________. A. Arthur Miller B. Ernest Hemingway C. Ralph Ellison D. James Baldwin 8. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation. A. Phonology B. Morphology C. Semantics D. Sociolinguistics 9. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT_________. A. lexical B. syntactic C. phonological D. psycholinguistic 10. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.” This is an example of___________. A. widening of meaning B. narrowing of meaning C. meaning shift D. loss of meaning
2017年专业英语八级考试真题及答案
2017年专业英语八级考试真题及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview.1. A. Comprehensive. B. Disheartening. C. Encouraging. D. Optimistic.2. A. 200. B. 70. C. 10. D. 500.3. A. Lack of international funding.B. Inadequate training of medical personnel.C. Ineffectiveness of treatment efforts.D. Insufficient operational efforts on the ground.4. A. They can start education programs for local people.B. They can open up more treatment units.C. They can provide proper treatment to patients.D. They can become professional.5. A. Provision of medical facilities.B. Assessment from international agencies.C. Ebola outpacing operational efforts.D. Effective treatment of Ebola.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6. A. Interpreting the changes from different sources.B. Analyzing changes from the Internet for customers.C. Using media information to inspire new ideas.D. Creating things from changes in behavior, media, etc.7. A. Knowing previous success stories.B. Being brave and willing to take a risk.C. Being sensitive to business data.D. Being aware of what is interesting.8. A. Having people take a risk.B. Aiming at a consumer leek.C. Using messages to do things.D. Focusing on data-based ideas.9. A. Looking for opportunities.B. Considering a starting point.C. Establishing the focal point.D. Examining the future carefully.10.A. A media agency.B. An Internet company.C. A venture capital firm.D. A behavioral study center.PART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) It’s 7 pm on a balmy Saturday night in June, and I have just ordered my first beer in I Cervejaria, a restaurant in Zambujeira do Mar, one of the prettiest villages on Portugal’s south-west coast. The place is empty, but this doesn’t surprise me at all. I have spent two weeks in this area, driving along empty roads, playing with my son on empty beaches, and staying in B&Bs where we are the only guests.(2) No doubt the restaurant, run by two brothers for the past 28 years, is buzzingin July and August, when Portuguese holidaymakers descend on the Alentejo coast. But for the other 10 months of the year, the trickle of diners who come to feast on fantastically fresh seafood reflects the general pace of life in the Alentejo: sleepy, bordering on comatose.(3) One of the poorest, least-developed, least-populated regions in western Europe, the Alentejo has been dubbed both the Provence and the Tuscany of Portugal. Neither is accurate. Its scenery is not as pretty and, apart from in the capital Evora, its food isn’t as sophisticated. The charms of this land of wheat fields, cork oak forests, wildflower meadows and tiny white-washed villages, are more subtle than in France or Italy’s poster regions.(4) To travel here is to step back in time 40 or 50 years. Life rolls along ata treacly pace; there’s an unnerving stillness to the landscape. But that stillness ends abruptly at the Atlantic Ocean, where there is drama in spades. Protected by the South West Alentejo and Costa Vicentina national park, the 100 km of coastline from Porto Covo in the Alentejo to Burgau in the Algarve is the most stunning in Europe. And yet few people seem to know about it. Walkers come to admire the views from the Fisherman’s Way, surfers to ride the best waves in Europe, but day after day we had spectacular beaches to ourselves.(5) The lack of awareness is partly a matter of accessibility (these beaches are a good two hours’ drive from either Faro or Lisbon airports) and partly to do with a lack of beachside accommodation. There are some gorgeous, independent guesthouses in this area, but they are hidden in valleys or at the end of dirt tracks.(6) Our base was a beautiful 600-acre estate of uncultivated land covered in rock-rose, eucalyptus and wild flowers 13km inland from Zambujeira. Our one-bedroom home, Azenha, was once home to the miller who tended the now-restored watermill next to it. A kilometre away from the main house, pool and restaurant, it is gloriously isolated.(7) Stepping out of the house in the morning to greet our neighbours – wild horses on one side, donkeys on the other – with nothing but birdsong filling the air, I felt a sense of adventure you normally only get with wild camping.(8) “When people first arrive, they feel a little anxious wondering what they are going to do the whole time,” Sarah Gredley, the English owner of estate, told me. “But it doesn’t usually take them long to realise that the whole point of being here is to slow down, to enjoy nature.”(9) We followed her advice, walking down to the stream in search of terrapins and otters, or through clusters of cork oak trees. On some days, we tramped uphill to the windmill, now a romantic house for two, for panoramic views across the estate and beyond.(10) When we ventured out, we were always drawn back to the coast – the gentle sands and shallow bay of Farol beach. At the end of the day, we would head,sandy-footed, to the nearest restaurant, knowing that at every one there would be a cabinet full of fresh seafood to choose from – bass, salmon, lobster, prawns, crabs, goose barnacles, clams … We never ate the same thing twice.(11) A kilometre or so from I Cervejaria, on Zambujeira’s idyllic natural harbour is O Sacas, originally built to feed the fishermen but now popular with everyone. After scarfing platefuls of seafood on the terrace, we wandered down to the harbour where two fishermen, in wetsuits, were setting out by boat across the clear turquoise water to collect goose barnacles. Other than them, the place was deserted – just another empty beauty spot where I wondered for the hundredth time that week how this pristine stretch of coast has remained so undiscovered.11.The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that ______.A.life there is quiet and slowB.the place is little knownC.the place is least populatedD.there are stunning views12.“The lack of awareness” in Para. 5 refers to ______.A.different holidaying preferencesB.difficulty of finding accommodationC.little knowledge of the beauty of the beachD.long distance from the airports13.The author uses “gloriously” in Para. 6 to ______.A.describe the scenery outside the houseB.show appreciation of the surroundingsC.contrast greenery with isolationD.praise the region’s unique feature14.The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice” in Para. 10 reflects the ______of the seafood there.A.freshnessB.delicacyC.tasteD.variety15.Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras. 1 and 11?A.Publicity.ndscape.C.Seafood.D.Accommodation.PASSAGE TWO(1) I can still remember the faces when I suggested a method of dealing with what most teachers of English considered one of their pet horrors, extended reading. The room was full of tired teachers, and many were quite cynical about the offer to work together to create a new and dynamic approach to the place of stories in the classroom.(2) They had seen promises come and go and mere words weren't going to convince them, which was a shame as it was mere words that we were principally dealing with. Most teachers were unimpressed by the extended reading challenge from the Ministry, and their lack of enthusiasm for the rather dry list of suggested tales was passed on to their students and everyone was pleased when that part of the syllabus was over. It was simply a box ticking exercise. We needed to do something more. We neededa very different approach.(3) That was ten years ago. Now we have a different approach, and it works. Here’s how it happened (or, like most good stories, here are the main parts. You have to fill in some of yourself employing that underused classroom device, the imagination.) We started with three main precepts:(4) First, it is important to realize that all of us are storytellers, tellers of tales. We all have our own narratives – the real stories such as what happened to us this morning or last night, and the ones we have been told by others and we haven’t experienced personally. We could say that our entire lives are constructed as narratives. As a result we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure. Binary opposites – for example, the tension created between good and bad together with the resolution of that tension through the intervention of time, resourcefulness and virtue – is a concept understood by even the youngest children. Professor Kieran Egan, in his seminal book ‘Teaching as Storytelling’ warns us not to ignore this innate skill, for it is a remarkable tool for learning.(5) We need to understand that writing and reading are two sides of the same coin: an author has not completed the task if the book is not read: the creative circle is not complete without the reader, who will supply their own creative input to the process. Samuel Johnson said: A writer only begins a book. A reader finishes it. In teaching terms, we often forget that reading itself can be a creative process, just as writing is, and we too often relegate it to a means of data collection. We frequently forget to make that distinction when presenting narratives or poetry, and often ask comprehension questions which relate to factual information – who said what and when, rather than speculating on ‘why’, for example, or examining the context of the action.(6) The third part of the reasoning that we adopted relates to the need to engage the students as readers in their own right, not as simply as language learners; learning the language is part of the process, not the reason for reading. What they read must become theirs and have its own special and secret life in their heads, a place where teachers can only go if invited.(7) We quickly found that one of the most important ways of making all the foregoing happen was to engage the creative talents of the class before they read a word of the text. The pre-reading activities become the most important part of the teaching process; the actual reading part can almost be seen as the cream on the cake, and the principle aim of pre-reading activities is to get students to want to read the text. We developed a series of activities which uses clues or fragments from the text yet to be read, and which rely on the student’s innate knowledge of narrative, so that they can to build their own stories before they read the key text. They have enough information to generate ideas but not so much that it becomes simply an exercise in guided writing; releasing a free imagination is the objective.(8) Moving from pre-reading to reading, we may introduce textual intervention activities. ‘Textual Intervention’ is a term used by Rob Pope to describe the process of questioning a text not simply as a guide to comprehension but as a way of exploring the context of the story at any one time, and examining points at which the narrative presents choices, points of divergence, or narrative crossroads. We don’t do this for all texts, however, as the shorter ones do not seem to gain much from this process and it simply breaks up the reading pleasure.(9) Follow-up activities are needed, at the least, to round off the activity, to bring some sense of closure but they also offer an opportunity to link the reading experience more directly to the requirements of the syllabus. Indeed, the story may have been chosen in the first place because the context supports one of the themes that teachers are required to examine as part of the syllabus – for example, ‘families’, ‘science and technology’, ‘communications’, ‘the environment’and all the other familiar themes. There are very few stories that can’t be explored without some part of the syllabus being supported. For many teachers this is an essential requirement if they are to engage in such extensive reading at all.(10) The whole process – pre-, while and post reading – could be just an hour’s activity, or it could last for more than one lesson. When we are designing the materials for exploring stories clearly it is isn’t possible for us to know how much time any teacher will have available, which is why we construct the activities into a series of independent units which we call kits. They are called kits because we expect teachers to build their own lessons out of the materials we provide, which implies that large amounts may be discarded. What we do ask, though, is that the pre-reading activities be included, if nothing else. That is essential for the process to engage the student as a creative reader..(11) One of the purposes of encouraging a creative reading approach in the language classroom is to do with the dynamics we perceive in the classroom. Strategictheorists tell us of the social trinity, whereby three elements are required to achieve a dynamic in any social situation. In the language classroom these might be seen as consisting of the student, the teacher and the language. Certainly from the perspective of the student – and usually from the perspective of the teacher – the relationship is an unequal one, with the language being perceived as placed closer to the teacher than the student. This will result in less dynamic between language and student than between language and teacher. However, if we replace ‘language’ with narrative and especially if that is approached as a creative process that draws the student in so that they feel they ‘own’ the relationship with the text, then this will shift the dynamic in the classroom so that the student, who has now become a reader, is much closer to the language – or narrative – than previously. This creates a much more effective dynamic of learning. However, some teachers feel threatened by this apparent loss of overall control and mastery. Indeed, the whole business of open ended creativity and a lack of boxes to tick for the correct answer is quite unsettling territory for some to find themselves in.16.It can be inferred from Paras. 1 and 2 that teachers used to ______.A.oppose strongly the teaching of extended readingB.be confused over how to teach extended readingC.be against adopting new methods of teachingD.teach extended reading in a perfunctory way17.The sentence “we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure”in Para. 4 indicates that ______.A.we are good at telling storiesB.we all like telling storiesC.we are born story-tellersD.we all like listening to stories18.Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writer and a reader as ______(Para. 5).A.independentB.collaborativeC.contradictoryD.reciprocal19.In Para. 7, the author sees “pre-reading” as the most important part of readingbecause _____.A.it encourages students’ imaginationB.it lays a good foundation for readingC.it can attract students’ attentionD.it provides clues to the text to be read20.“Textual Intervention” suggested by Rob Pope (in Para. 8) is expected tofulfill all the following functions EXCEPT ______.A.exploring the contextB.interpreting ambiguitiesC.stretching the imaginationD.examining the structurePASSAGE THREE(1) Once again, seething, residual anger has burst forth in an American city. And the riots that overtook Los Angeles were a reminder of what knowledgeable observers have been saying for a quarter century: America will continue paying a high price in civil and ethnic unrest unless the nation commits itself to programs that help the urban poor lead productive and respectable lives.(2) Once again, a proven program is worth pondering: national service.(3) Somewhat akin to the military training that generations of American males received in the armed forces, a 1990s version would prepare thousands of unemployable and undereducated young adults for quality lives in our increasingly global and technology-driven economy. National service opportunities would be available to any who needed it and, make no mistake, the problems are now so structural, to intractable, that any solution will require massive federal intervention.(4) In his much quoted book, “The Truly Disadvantaged,” sociologist William Julius Wilson wrote that “only a major program of economic reform” will prevent the riot-prone urban underclass from being permanently locked out of American economic life. Today, we simply have no choice. The enemy within and among our separate ethnic selves is as daunting as any foreign foe.(5) Families who are rent apart by welfare dependency, job discrimination and intense feelings of alienation have produces minority teenagers with very little self-discipline and little faith that good grades and the American work ethic will pay off. A military-like environment for them with practical domestic objectives could produce startling results.(6) Military service has been the most successful career training program we’ve ever known, and American children born in the years since the all-volunteer Army was instituted make up a large proportion of this targeted group. But this opportunity may disappear forever if too many of our military bases are summarily closed and converted or sold to the private sector. The facilities, manpower, traditions, and capacity are already in place.(7) Don’t dismantle it: rechannel it.(8) Discipline is a cornerstone of any responsible citizen’s life. I was taught it by my father, who was a policeman. May of the rioters have never had any at all. As an athlete and former Army officer, I know that discipline can be learned. More importantly, it must be learned or it doesn’t take hold.(9) A precedent for this approach was the Civilian Conservation Corps that worked so well during the Great Depression. My father enlisted in the CCC as a young man with an elementary school education and he learned invaluable skills that served him well throughout his life. The key was that a job was waiting for him when he finished. The certainty of that first entry-level position is essential if severely alienated young minority men and women are to keep the faith.(10) We all know these are difficult times for the public sector, but here’s the chance to add energetic and able manpower to America’s workforce. They could be prepared for the world of work or college – an offer similar to that made to returning GI after Word War II. It would be a chance for 16- to 21-year-olds to live among other cultures, religions, races and in different geographical areas. And these young people could be taught to rally around common goals and friendships that evolve out of pride in one’s squad, platoon, company, battalion – or commander.(11) We saw such images during the Persian Gulf War and during the NACC Final Four basketball games. In military life and competitive sports, this camaraderie doesn’t just happen; it is taught and learned in an atmosphere of discipline and earned mutual respect for each other’s capabilities.(12) A national service program would also help overcome two damaging perceptions held by America’s disaffected youth: the society just doesn’t care about minority youngsters and that one’s personal best efforts will not be rewarded in our discriminatory job market. Harvard professor Robert Reich’s research has shown that urban social ills are so pervasive that the upper 20 percent of Americans – the “fortunate fifth” as he calls them – have decided quietly to “secede”from the bottom four-fifths and the lowest fifth in particular. We cannot accept such estrangement on a permanent basis. And what better way to answer skeptics from any group than by certifying the technical skills of graduates from a national service training program?(13) Now, we must act decisively to forestall future urban unrest. Republicans must put aside their aversion to funding programs aimed at certain cultural groups. Democrats must forget labels and recognize that a geographically isolated subgroup of Americans – their children in particular – need systematic and substantive assistance for at least another 20 years.(14) The ethnic taproots of minority Americans are deeply buried in a soil of faith and loyalty to traditional values. With its emphasis on discipline, teamwork, conflict resolution, personal responsibility and marketable skills development, national service can provide both the training and that vital first job that will reconnect these Americans to the rest of us. Let’s do it before the fire next time.21.According to the author, “national service” is comparable to “militarytraining” because they both cultivate youngsters’ ______.A.good gradesB.self disciplineC.mutual trustD.work ethic22.The author cites the example of his father in order to show ______.A.the importance of disciplineB.the importance of educationC.the necessity of having strong faithD.the effectiveness of the program23.According to the author, a national service program can bring the followingbenefits to America’s youngsters EXCEPT ______.A.increase in incomeB. a sense of responsibilityC.confidence and hopeD.practical work skills24.According to the context, what does “the fire” refer to (Para. 14)?A.Discrimination.B.Anger.C.Riots.D.Aversion.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25.What does Para. 2 tell us about the restaurant business on the Alentejo coastthroughout the year?26.According to Para. 5, what are the two main reasons of the Alentejo’sinaccessibility?PASSAGE TWO27.What does “It was simply a box ticking exercise” mean in Para. 2?28.Paras. 4-6 propose three main precepts for the now approach. Please use ONEphrase to summarize each of the three precepts.29.What does the author suggest to shift the dynamic in the classroom (Para. 11)?PASSAGE THREE30.What is the purpose of the program proposed by the author (Paras. 1-3)?31.What does the word “it” in “Don’t dismantle it: rechannel it.” refer to(Para. 7)?32.What do Robert Reich’s findings imply (Para. 12)?PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an__________it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never__________them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibit__________Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PART IV TRANSLATIONTranslate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.我小的时候特别盼望过年，往往是一过了腊月，就开始掰着指头数日子。
专业八级人文知识精选试题
专八人文：英国文学部分精选习题The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is not such an event?A. The rediscovery of ancient Rome and Greek culture.B. England's domestic rest.C. New discovery in geography and astrology.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.Which of the following is regarded as the most successful religious allegory in the English language.A. The Pilgrim's ProgressB. Grace Abounding to the Chief of SinnersC. The Life and Death of Mr. BadmanD. The Holy WarIt is alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Martin LutherC. William LanglandD. John Gower All of the following four except are the most eminent dramatists in the Renaissance England.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben JonsonIt is generally regarded that Keats's most important and mature poems are in the form of .A. elegyB. odeC. epicD. sonnetDaniel Defoe's novels mainly focus on .A. the struggle of the unfortunate for mere existenceB. the struggle of the shipwrecked persons for securityC. the struggle of the pirates for wealthD. the desire of the criminals for propertyIn Beowulf, fought against the monster Grendel and a five breathing dragon.A. the Anglo-SaxonsB. BeowulfC. the ScandinavianD. the Winter Dragon Francis Bacon is best known for his which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.A. essaysB. poemsC. works D playsMost of Thomas Hardy's novels are set in Wessex .A. a crude region in EnglandB. a fictional primitive regionC. a remote rural areaD. Hardy's hometownWe can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley's poem "Ode to the West Wind" with all the following terms except .A. swiftB. proudC. tamedD. wild"Blindness", "partiality", "prejudice", and "absurdity" in the novel "Pride and Prejudice" are most likely the characteristics of .A. ElizabethB. DarcyC. Mr. BennetD. Mrs. BennetThe modern English novel came into being in .A. the middle of the 17th centuryB. the 17th centuryC. the late 18th centuryD. the middle of the 18th centuryWho is not the major figure of modernist movement?A. EliotB. JoyceC. Charles DickensD. PoundWho is considered to be the best known English dramatist since Shakespeare?A. Oscar WildeB. John GalsworthyC. . YeatsD. George Bernard Shaw Of the following poets, which is not regarded as "Lake Poets"?A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert SouthyC. William Words worthD. William ShakespeareIn the first part of Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver told his experience in .A. LilliputB. BrobdingnagC. HouyhnhnmD. EnglandWhich of the following cannot describe "Byronic hero"?A. proudB. mysteriousC. noble origin D progressiveIn the history of literature, Romanticism is generally regarded as .A. the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience.B. the thought that designates man as a social animalC. the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in commonD. the modes of thinkingThe term "metaphysical poetry" is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of .A. John MiltonB. John DonneC. John KeatsD. John Bunyan"The Vanity Fair" is a well-known part in . A. The Pilgrim's Progress B. Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C. The Life and Death of Mr. Badman D. The Holy WarIn Oliver Twist, Charles criticizes .A. money worshipping tendencyB. dehumanizing of workhouse systemC. hypocrisy of the upper societyD. distortion of human heart Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is history play?A. Julius CaesarB. The Merry Wives of WindsorC. Henry IVD. King Lear Who is regarded as a "worshipper of nature".A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Jane Austen Which of the following writing is not the work by Charles Dickens?A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Hard TimesC. Oliver TwistD. Sons and Lovers The 18th century England is known as the in the history.A. RomanticismB. ClassicismC. RenaissanceD. Enlightenment专八人文：美国文学部分精选习题In American literature, the eighteen century was the age of the Enlightenment. was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. EvolutionWhich statement about Franklin is not true?A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer.B. He was a scientist.C. He was a master of diplomacy.D. He was a Puritan.Who is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. NatureB. The Scarlet LetterC. WaldenD. Moby-DickThe Romanic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's and ended with Whiteman's Leaves of Grass.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a TravelerC. The AlhambraD. A history of New YorkIn Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, "A" may stand for .A. AdulteryB. AngelC. AmiableD. All the aboveThe period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as .A. the Naturalist PeriodB. the Modern PeriodC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Realistic PeriodThe Age of Realism is the literary history of the United States refers to the period from to .A. 1861 – 1914B. 1863 – 1918C. 1865 – 1914D. 1865 – 1918Who is described by Mark Twain as a boy with "a sound heart and a deformed conscience?"A. Tom SawyerB. Huckleberry FinnC. JimD. TonyMark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his .A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism The impact of Darwin's evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American .A. modernismB. naturalismC. vernacularismD. local colorismIn 1900, London published his first collection of short stories, named .A. The son of the WolfB. The Sea WolfC. The Law of LifeD. White Fang In which of the following works, Hemingway presents his philosophy about life and death through the depiction of the bull-fight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy?A. The Green Hills of Africa.B. The Snows of Kilimanjaro.C. To Have and Have Not.D. Death in the Afternoon.Which of the following figures does not belong to "The Lost Generation"?A. Ezra PoundB. William Carlos WilliamsC. Robert FrostD. TheodoreDreiserWho is a dramatist that holds the central position in American drama the modernistic period?A. Sinclair LevisB. Eugene O'NeilC. Arthur MillerD. Tennessee Williams The following writers were awarded Nobel Prize for literature except .A. William FaulknerB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. John SteinbeckD. Ernest HemingwayIn 1954, was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature for his "mastery of the art of modern narration".A. . EliotB. Ernest HemingwayC. John SteinbeckD. William Faulkner Who is the author of the work: "The Grapes of Wrath"?A. John SteinbeckB. Eugene O'NeilC. F. Scott FitzgeraldD. Theodore DreiserIn 1920 Sinclair Lewis published his memorable denunciation of American small-town provincialism in .A. Main StreetB. An American TragedyC. Winesburg, OhioD. Sister Carrie 专八人文知识：语言学部分精选试题Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?A. Language is a systemB. Language is symbolicC. Animals also have languageD. Language is arbitraryWhich of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?A. SymbolicB. DualC. ProductiveD. ArbitraryWhat is the most important function of language?A. InterpersonalB. PhaticC. InformativeD. MetalingualWho put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole?A. SaussureB. ChomskyC. HallidayD. AnonymousAccording to Chomsky, which is the ideal user's internalized knowledge of his language?A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langueThe function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is .A. informativeB. phaticC. directiveD. performativeArticulatory phonetics mainly studies .A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speechB. the perception of soundsC. the combination of soundsD. the production of soundsThe distinction between vowels and consonants lies in .A. the place of articulationB. the obstruction of airstreamC. the position of the tongueD. the shape of the lipsWhich is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classificationand transcription?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. PragmaticsWhich studies the sound systems in a certain language?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. PragmaticsMinimal pairs are used to .A. find the distinctive features of a languageB. find the phonemes of a languageC. compare two wordsD. find the allophones of languageUsually, suprasegmental features include ,length and pitch.A. phonemeB. speech soundsC. syllablesD. stressWhich is an indispensable part of a syllable?A. CodaB. OnsetC. StemD. PeakWhich is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?A. WordB. MorphemeC. AllomorphD. RootWhich studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed?A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. PhonologyD. SemanticsLexeme is .A. a physically definable unitB. the common factor underlying a set of formsC. a grammatical unitD. an indefinable unitWhich of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme ?A. [s]B. [iz]C. [ai]D. [is]All words contain a .A. root morphemeB. bound morphemeC. prefixD. suffixThe relationship between "fruit" and "apple" is .A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymyThe part of the grammar that represents a speaker's knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called . A. lexicon B. morphology C. syntax D. semanticsWhich of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?A. genderB. numberC. caseD. voiceThe pair of words "lend" and "borrow" are . A. gradable opposites B. converse opposites C. co-hyponyms D. synonyms "Big" and "Small" are a pair of opposites. A. complementary B. gradable C. complete D. converseAccording to C. Morris and R. Carnap, which is studies the relationship between symbols and their interpreters?A. syntaxB. semanticsC. pragmaticsD. sociolinguisticsThere are deixis in the sentence she has sold it here yesterday.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6In the following conversation:- Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?- And Rome is in Romania, I suppose.The second person violates the .A. Quantity MaximB. Quality MaximC. Relation MaximD. Manner Maxim The maxim of requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation.A. quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relation专八人文知识考前模拟试题１．Which one of the four is NOT correct?A) English-speaking countries are UK, USA, Canada, Barbados, etc.B) English-speaking countries are UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, etc.C) English-speaking countries are USA, Canada, Australia, the Republic of Ireland, etc.D) English-speaking countries USA, Canada, Australia, Egypt, etc. ２．The famous short story The Fall of the House of Usher was written byA) Charles Dickens B) Edgar Allen PoeC) John Richardson (Canadian novelist) D) Henry Savery３．Which one of the following Ivy League Schools is situated in Connecticut?A) Yale University. B) Harvard.C) Princeton. D) Columbia.４．The branch of linguistics which studies the forms of words is __ MORPHOLOGY..A) phoneme B) morphemeC) semantics D) morphology５．Who wrote a highly-acclaimed Novel Moby Dick?A) William James. B) Herman Melville.C) Ernest Hemingway. D) Cooper.６．What is the name of the Lake in northern Utah of theA) Lake Michigan. B) Lake Superior.C) Lake Erie. D) the Great Salt Lake.７．Who wrote Pygmalion which later was transformed into the highly popular New York Broadway musical My Fair Lady in 1956?A) Edgar Allen Poe. B) Charles Lamb.C) George Bernard Shaw. D) Alfred Tennyson.８．Among the four pillars of English literature, who was NOT born and raised in Ireland?A) Jonathan Swift. B) W'filiam Buffer Yeats.C) James Joyce. D) Robert Browning.９．Alaska lies in the of North America, stretching southward from the Arctic Ocean to the Pacific.A) northwestern part B) southwestern partC) northeastern part D) southeastern part１０．Who is a satirist and the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.A) Eugene O' Neill B) Sinclair LewisC) TS. Eliot D) W'dliam Fanlkner专八人文知识考前模拟试题2The first capital of the young nation of the USA is .A) Boston B) Philadelphia C) New York D) WashingtonWhich one of the following American cities is the birthplace of jazz?A) New Orleans. B) New York. C) Boston. D) Chicago.Who wrote one of the most enduring classic poem Ode to the West Wind ?A) Wifiliam Wordsworth. B) Alfred Tennyson. C) Percy Shelley. D) David Bum.When was Elizabeth I came to the throne of England?A) 1538. B) 1548. . D) 1558.When was Oxford University founded?A) 1167 in Oxford, B) 1267 in Oxford.C) 1367 in Oxford. D) 1467 in Oxford.Canada is often described as a huge ~ centered on the Hudson and James Bay.A) plate B) saucer C) cup D) bowlIn the literature of sociolinguistics, refers to a group of institutionalized social situations typically con strained by a common set of behavioural rules.A) domain B) distribution C) dissimilation D) discourseis a process in which part of the form is native and part is borrowed, but the meaning is fully borrowed.A) loanshifting B) loanblending C) loan translation D) logical connection What is the name of the woman poet who had her The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America?A) Anne Bradstreet. B) Maria Edgeworth. C) Jane Austen. D) Emily Dickinson.Who wrote and published the philosophical work Essay Concerning Human Understanding?A) John Milton. B) John Locke. C) Richard Steele. D) Joseph Addison. 专八人文知识考前模拟试题3_ is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transportation.A) Phonetics B) Phonology C) Phoneme D) Phonetic typologyThe sounds in the production of which there is an obstruction of the air-stream at some point the vocal tract are called .A) consonance B) consonant cluster C) consistency D) consonantsIn its technical sense here, __ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations.A) pictogram B) lexicon C) word-formation D) ideogramWhen was Longrnan Group UK Ltd was founded?A) 1721. B).1722. C) 1723. D).1724.What is the name of the dictionary compiled by Samuel Johnson?A) First English Dictionary. B) Dictionary of English Language.C) A Dictionary of the English Language. D) Dictionary of the English Language.Who wrote and publish Poor Richard's Almanack?A) Benjamin Franklin. B) John Gay. C) David Hume. D) Samuel Richardson. Which one of the following four books was written by Harriet Stowe?A) Roughing It in the Bush. B) Walden, or Life in the Woods.C) Adam Bede. D) Uncle Tom's Cabin._ _ the capital of New South Wales, is the oldest and largest city in Australia.A) Melbourne B) Sydney C) Darwin D) Canberra, Valentine's Day, is sweethearts' day, on which people in love with each other express their tender emotions.A) February 10th B) February 12th C) February 14th D) February 16th Major Newspapers and Magazines in the USA are , etc.A) New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, TimesB) New York Times, Washington Post, The Sun, TimesC) New York Times, Washington Post, The Evening Post, TimesD) New York Times, Washington Post, Sunday Times, Times答案：ＡＤＢＤＣＡＤＢＣＡ。
英语专业八级人文常识-含答案
General KnowledgeUnit 11. The English Civil Wars broke out in the ___________.A. 1630sB. 1640sC. 1650sD. 1660s2. The World Bank is located in ___________ of the United States.A. WashingtonB. New York CityC. HoustonD. Chicago3. ___________ is the capital city of Ontario, which is also the multicultural, entertainment, financial, andbusiness capital of Canada.A. OttawaB. TorontoC. QuebecD. Montreal4. It is in February ___________ that came the historic visit of Nixon to China. During the visitSino-America Joint Communique was signed, which agreed on the fact that there was only one legal government in China, that of the People’s Republic of China.,A. 1971B. 1972C. 1979D. 19815. English Romanticism is generally considered to have begun in 1798 with the publication of a jointvolume of poetry, Lyrical Ballads, written by ___________ and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.A. John KeatsB. George ByronC. William WordsworthD. William Blake6. ___________ is a representative novelist of the Jazz Age.A. Dos PassosB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. Gertrude Stein7. ___________ is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modem civilization in which humanlife has lost its meaning, significance and purpose.A. The Waste LandB. Elegy Written in a Country ChurchyardC. The Rime of the Ancient MarinerD. Prometheus Unbound8. The description of a language at some point in history is called a ___________ study.A. prescriptiveB. synchronicC. descriptiveD. diachronic9. Which of the following is an inflectional affix?A. un-B. over-C. -tionD. -ing10. The theory of cooperative principle is proposed by___________.A. AustinB. SearleC. GriceD. SapirUnit 21. Beginning in 1929, the Great Depression which caused a major worldwide depression first began in___________.A. The United StatesB. BritainC. GermanyD. France2. Common Sense is a pamphlet written by___________.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John LockeD. Thomas Paine3. The capital of Australia is ___________.A. MelbourneB. CanberraC. SydneyD. New South Wales4. The Domesday Book is a survey of England’s productive capacity similar to a modern censuscommissioned under ___________’s rule.A. Alfred the GreatB. Elizabeth IC. Henry IID. William I5. ___________ is NOT an English playwright.A. William ShakespeareB. Ben JohnsonC. Samuel BeckettD. William Golding6. ___________ is the author of The Scarlet Letter, a novel concerned with the life of Puritans in earlyAmerica.A. Edgar Allan PoeB. James Fenimore CooperC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Frederick Douglass7. ___________ imitated the characteristics of ancient Roman writers, including Horace, Virgil, Cicero, etc.A. Neo-classicismB. ModernismC. NaturalismD. Realism8. The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is a good illustration of the___________ feature of language.A. dualityB. displacementC. arbitrarinessD. productivity9. What type of sentence is “Jim has failed in the exam though he has been working hard.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.10. Language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by___________.A. SapirB. SaussureC. ChomskyD. HallidayUnit 31. Which are the two major parties in Britain now?A. The Conservative and the Labour.B. The Liberal and the Labour.C. The Democratic and the Conservative.D. The Democratic and the Liberal.2. “The Star-Spangled Banner” is the national ___________ of the United States.A. anthemB. flagC. emblemD. both B and C3. Which of the following cities is the capital of New Zealand?A. Christchurch.B. Dunedin.C. Auckland.D. Wellington.4. In the Seven Years War between England and France, French were driven out of the North American Continent and the French colony in Canada was reorganized as the British province: ___________ in 1763.A. OntarioB. QuebecC. Nova ScotiaD. Newfoundland5. ___________ compiled the first English dictionary, A Dictionary of the English Language.A. Samuel JohnsonB. Walter ScottC. James BoswellD. Noah Webster6. The Jungle is a novel by ___________ which exposed the corruption of the American meat-packing industry during the early 20th century, and was considered as a representative muckraking novel.A. Upton SinclairB. Theodore DreiserC. Sinclair LewisD. Frank Norris7. ___________ is a narrative technique that presents thoughts as if they were coming directly from a character’s mind without any consideration of orders of events.A. MonologueB. AllusionC. Stream-of-consciousnessD. Psychological penetration8. The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is___________.A. phoneticsB. phonologyC. morphologyD. semantics9. The sense relationship between animal and horse is___________.A. hyponymyB. homonymyC. polysemyD. synonymy10. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?A. landladyB. greenhouseC. upliftD. unacceptableUnit 41. In the United States, the Thanksgiving Day is the ___________ Thursday of November.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth2. In Britain, ___________ became the cultural centre for the youths and was the birthplace of the Beetles.A. LondonB. GlasgowC. ManchesterD. Liverpool3. Among the political parties in Ireland, which is NOT among the three biggest ones?A. The Democratic Socialist.B. The Labor Party.C. Fianna Fail.D. Fine Gael.4. ___________ is the capital of Wales.A. BelfastB. BirminghamC. SussexD. Cardiff5. ___________ is the author of To the Lighthouse, a landmark novel of modernism which skillfully applies the technique of stream-of-consciousness in the narration.A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. Henry JamesD. John Fowles6. In 1935, Ernest Hemingway wrote: “All modern American literature comes from one book by___________ called ‘Huckleberry Finn.’There was nothing before. And there has been nothing as good since.”A. William Dean HowellsB. Theodore DreiserC. Washington IrvingD. Mark Twain7. “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood/ And sorry I could not travel both/ And be one traveler, long Istood/ And looked down one as far as I could/ To where it bent in the undergrowth.” These lines are the first stanza of a poem by___________.A. Robert FrostB. Wallace StevensC. T. S. EliotD. Carl Sandburg8. ___________ is the study of language in relation to society.A. Historical linguisticsB. PsycholinguisticsC. SemanticsD. Sociolinguistics9. The design features of human language include the following EXCEPT___________A. dualityB. productivityC. performanceD. arbitrariness10. The Input Hypothesis was put forward by___________.A. SaussureB. KrashenC. Noam ChomskyD.M.A.K. HallidayUnit 51. Which of the following kings (or queens) was NOT a sovereign of the Tudor dynasty?A. Henry VII.B. James I.C. Edward VI.D. Elizabeth I.2. In Australia, legislative power is vested in the Commonwealth Parliament, which consists of thefollowing EXCEPT___________.A. the QueenB. the PresidentC. the SenateD. the House of Representative3. The head of state of New Zealand is___________.A. the PresidentB. Governor-GeneralC. Queen Elizabeth IID. the Prime Minister4. ___________ is known as the automobile capital of the world.A. DetroitB. ColoradoC. DenverD. Chicago5. ___________ is NOT a 19th century English novelist.A. Jane AustenB. George EliotC. Charles DickensD. D. H. Lawrence6. ___________ is the author of Walden, or Life in the Woods, a major work of AmericanTranscendentalism.A. Ralph Waldo EmersonB. Henry David ThoreauC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Harriet Beecher Stowe7. Richard Wright, ___________ and James Baldwin are the three leading characters of the HarlemRenaissance.A. James Langston HughesB. Paul Laurence DunbarC. Frederick DouglassD. Alice Walker8. The father of modern linguistics is___________.A. SaussureB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. Halliday9. Which of the following words contains an inflectional morpheme?A. wearyB. talkingC. carefulD. manifestation10. The three metafunctions of language proposed by Halliday include the following EXCEPT__________.A. ideationalB. interpersonalC. recreationalD. textualUnit 61. Canada is the world’s ___________ largest country after Russia.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth2. Of all the universities in the United States, ___________ is the oldest one.A. PrincetonB. HarvardC. YaleD. Stanford3. In Britain, Parliament consists of the House of Lords, the House of Commons, and___________.A. the Labour PartyB. the Prime MinisterC. the Lord ChancellorD. the Monarch4. In ___________ the national anthem of Australia was changed from God Save the Queen to revisedpatriotic song called Advance Australia Fair.A. 1946B. 1965C. 1972D. 19845. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of___________.A. Henry JamesB. James JoyceC. George OrwellD. Norman Mailer6. ___________ is a novel by Saul Bellow, the Nobel Prize winner in 1976.A. The Family MoskatB. On the RoadC. HerzogD. The Thin Red Line7. ___________ is a poem by the Lake Poets.A. Don JuanB. Ode on a Grecian UrnC. Prometheus UnboundD. The Excursion8. Which of the following is NOT a fricative in English?A. [z]B. [d]C. [f]D. [v]9. The word smog which comes from smoke and fog is a(n) ___________A. blendingB. acronymC. derivationD. compounding10. According to Austin, which of the following utterances can be regarded as a performative?A. The sea is beautiful.B. I bet you sixpence it will rain tomorrow.C. Jim is running along the road.D. He will go to London.Unit 71. Australia was first colonized on January ___________, 1788, which is now known as Australia Day.A. 16thB. 20thC. 26thD. 30th2. What is the British Prime Minister’s residence?A. No. 10 Downing Street.B. No. 5 Downing Street.C. No. 8 Downing Street.D. No. 20 Downing Street.3. Of all the states of America, Rhode Island is the smallest while ___________ is the largest of the countryon the mainland.A. AlaskaB. MissouriC. TexasD. Ohio4. In Britain, a session of Parliament usually lasts for ___________ years unless the Prime Ministerdissolves the Parliament.A. fourB. fiveC. sixD. seven5. Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a play by___________.A. Oscar WildeB. George Bernard ShawC. Samuel BeckettD. John Osborne6. The Sound and the Fury is the masterpiece of ___________, a leading novelist of the SouthernLiterature.A. William Cuthbert FaulknerB. Endora WeltyC. Margaret MitchellD. Hannery O’Connor7. ___________ is NOT a Nobel Laureate in Literature.A. Eugene O’NeillB. Ernest HemingwayC. Mark TwainD. William Golding8. The distinction between competence and performance is made by___________.A. HallidayB. ChomskyC. BloomfieldD. Saussure9. Language variation according to use in specific situations is studied in terms of ___________.A. registerB. jargonC. styleD. dialect10. The word holiday originally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any day on which we don’thave to work. This is an example of ___________.A. meaning shiftB. widening of meaningC. narrowing of meaningD. loss of meaningUnit 81. The national day of the United States of America falls on___________.A. July4thB. June4thC. July 14thD. June 14th2. In Britain, ___________ is the first Labour Party leader who won the third consecutive general election, though he resigned in the mid of the third term.A. Tony BlairB. Gordon BrownC. Clement AttleeD. James MacDonald3. In Australia, who becomes leader of the official opposition?A. The leader of the majority party which won the second largest number of seats.B. The leader of the other two joint majority parties which didn’t win a majority of seats.C. The leader of the largest minority party.D. The leader of the joint-minority-party.4. The national day of New Zealand is ___________, to honor the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840.A. January 26thB. February 6thC. March 7thD. April 5th5. ___________ is NOT a comedy.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. Romeo and JulietD. As You Like It6. ___________ is NOT a black novelist.A. James BaldwinB. Toni MorrisonC. John SteinbeckD. Richard Wright7. Eugene O’Neill’s The Long Day’s Journey Into Night, Tennessee Williams’___________ and ArthurMiller’s Death of a Salesman are the three greatest American plays.A. The Glass MenagerieB. The Streetcar Named DesireC. The Hairy ApeD. All My Sons8. The design features of human language include the following EXCEPT___________.A. dualityB. displacementC. paroleD. arbitrariness9. The affix in the word speaking is a(n) ___________.A. derivational suffixB. inflectional suffixC. rootD. free morpheme10. The style of “See ya, buddy!” is ___________.A. formalB. consultativeC. frozenD. intimateUnit 91. Of all the states of America, ___________ is the smallest of the country while Alaska is the largest one.A. MaineB. UtahC. Rhode IslandD. Kansas2. Which of the following is NOT an exponent of English Renaissance?A. Ben Johnson.B. Christopher Marlowe.C. William Shakespeare.D. William Caxton.3. Gettysburg Address is a speech by ___________, the President who led the North to win the Civil War.A. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. Woodrow Wilson4. In which year did Canada become a country?A. 1780.B. 1838.C. 1867.D. 1871.5. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a representative ___________ poem written by Thomas Gray.A. metaphysicalB. modernistC. sentimentalistD. romanticist6. Martin Eden is the semi-autobiographical novel by ___________A. Upton SinclairB. Stephen CraneC. Frank NorrisD. Jack London7. ___________ is a 20th century poet.A. John DonneB. Alfred TennysonC. Emily DickinsonD. Robert Frost8. Which of the following is NOT a plosive in English?A. [b]B. [t]C. [k]D. [v]9. What type of sentence is “The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned manygreat writers.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.10. The sense relationship between lend and borrow is___________.A. complementary antonymyB. gradable antonymyC. converse antonymyD. none of the aboveUnit 101. Among all the states in Australia, ___________ is the oldest state.A. VictoriaB. QueenslandC. New South WalesD. Tasmania2. In the United States, the presiding officer of the House of Representative, the Speaker, is ___________.A. elected by the members of the House of RepresentativeB. appointed by the PresidentC. appointed by the Vice PresidentD. elected by the members of the Congress3. Between 1945 and 1951, the ___________ government established an extensive health and welfaresystem and the “Welfare State” had begun.A. LabourB. LiberalC. RepublicanD. Conservative4. Kiwi is the national ___________ of New Zealand.A. plantB. flowerC. birdD. tree5. Alexander Pope is a representative figure of neo-classicism, famous for his literary criticism,___________ and his poetry.A. criticism on ShakespeareB. translation of Iliad and OdysseyC. literary innovationsD. political influences6. ___________ is the author of Catch-22, a masterpiece of black humor and irony.A. John BarthB. Kurt V onnegutC. Joseph HellerD. James Jones7. The Victorian Age witnessed the flourish of English literature, mostly seen in___________.A. playsB. novelsC. poetryD. prose8. The word flu which comes from influenza is created through ___________.A. blendingB. acronymC. derivationD. abbreviation9. Which of the following is NOT related to Noam Chomsky?A. deep structureB. language acquisition deviceC. transformational grammarD. textual metafunction10. When a pidgin language is adopted by a community as its primary language and learned by children asa mother tongue, it is called ___________.A. creoleB. dialectC. lingua francaD. slangUnit 111. Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors EXCEPT___________.A. Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.B. Britain had large supplies of coal and oil, which was favorable for its industrial development.C. British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.D. Britain had a stable political environment with a parliament composed largely of capitalisticlandowners and some merchants.2. In America, the three most influential newspapers are the following EXCEPT ___________.A. New York TimesB. TimesC. Washington PostD. Los Angeles Times3. Which of the following country is NOT located in the Northern Hemisphere?A. Australia.B. Britain.C. Ireland.D. Canada.4. The two official languages in Canada are ___________.A. English and SpanishB. English and RussianC. English and FrenchD. English and German5. English Renaissance Period was an age of ___________.A. dramaB. poetryC. proseD. novels6. ___________ is the essence of the English Renaissance.A. ChivalryB. HumanismC. HeroismD. Pessimism7. ___________ is NOT an American-Jewish novelist.A. James Langston HughesB. Saul BellowC. Isaac Bashevis SingerD. Bernard Malamud8. Which of the following is NOT a fricative in English?A. [z]B. [k]C. [flD. [hl9. The word bird once referred to “young bird”, but now it is used to mean “any kind of bird”. This is anexample of ___________.A. widening of meaningB. narrowing of meaningC. meaning shillD. loss of meaning10. Which of the following is NOT a derivation?A. lengthenB. foolishC. runawayD. earthwardUnit 121. ___________ lie(s) between the boundary of Canada and the U. S. and serve (s) as the boundary betweenthe two countries.A. The Mississippi RiverB. The Great LakesC. The Rocky MountainsD. The Grand Canyon2. In Britain, ___________ has the ultimate authority of legislation.A. the MonarchB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons3. The mother river in Canada is ___________.A. St. LawrenceB. River ColumbiaC. River ShannonD. the Murray4. ___________ is the smallest state in Australia and is also called “the Apple Isle and the Holiday Isle” forits beautiful scenery.A. QueenslandB. VictoriaC. New South WalesD. Tasmania5. King Lear is one of Shakespeare’s___________.A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. dramatic romances6. Song of Myself is the first poem of ___________ collection of poems, Leaves of Grass.A. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowB. Walt WhitmanC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. John Keats7. ___________ is a 19th century American novelist.A. Emily DickinsonB. Henry David ThoreauC. Edgar Allan PoeD. Ernest Hemingway8. Which of the following is an abbreviation?A. smogB. WTOC. bikeD. edit9. The study of relations between linguistic features and the social class of speakers is called ___________.A. pragmaticsB. psycholinguisticsC. sociolinguisticsD. semantics10. The sense relationship between animal and insect is ___________.A. hyponymyB. homonymyC. polysemyD. synonymyUnit 131. In the Untied States, ___________ shares both the nickname “cradle of Liberty”and “The Athens ofAmerica”.A. PhiladelphiaB. New YorkC. BostonD. Washington D. C.2. The largest city in Scotland is ___________.A. GlasgowB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Cardiff3. ___________ is the second largest city in Canada and is also the second largest French-speaking city inthe world behind Paris.A. QuebecB. MontrealC. TorontoD. Ottawa4. The Wars of Roses was fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York, with Henry Tudor,or ___________, who founded the Tudor Dynasty.A. Richard IIIB. Edward IVC. Henry VIIID. Henry VII5. The rise of English novels was in the 18th century with ___________.A. Henry Fielding’s Tom JonesB. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s TravelsC. Daniel Defoe’s Robinson CrusoeD. Samuel Richardson’s Pamela6. ___________ is NOT a poem by Victorian poets.A. In MemoriamB. Stanzas from the Grande ChartreuseC. The Ring and the BookD. Songs of Innocence7. Moby Dick is the masterpiece of ___________.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Frederick DouglassD. Herman Melville8. The phenomenon that different languages have different names for a rose illustrates the language designfeature of ___________.A. dualityB. displacementC. performanceD. arbitrariness9. What type of sentence is “Mr Hoffmann insists that he was involved in this heated argument.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.10. The phenomenon that words sharing the same meaning is called ___________.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. homonymyUnit 141. Which of the following was NOT one of the policies of Margaret Thatcher?A. The use of monetarist policies to control inflation.B. The return to state-owned industries.C. The strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy.D. The weakening of trade unions.2. In 1774, the First Continental Congress met in___________A. PhiladelphiaB. New YorkC. BostonD. Washington D. C.3. The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s ___________ decline.A. politicalB. culturalC. economicD. military4. New Zealand achieved full internal and external autonomy by the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act in___________.A. 1945B. 1947C. 1951D. 19565. These lines, “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind”, are quoted from ___________.A. Keats’Ode to AutumnB. Wordsworth’s The ExcursionC. Byron’s Don JuanD. Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind6. The Rising Glory of America is written by ___________, the Revolutionary Poet of America.A. Philip Morin FreneauB. Anne BradstreetC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Edgar Allan Poe7. Southern Literature refers to a group of American writers in south America with a striking regionalistcharacteristic including writers EXCEPT ___________.A. William FaulknerB. Eudora WeltyC. Margaret MitchellD. Bernard Malamud8. Which of the following words contains an inflectional morpheme?A. earthwardB. heatedC. carelessD. discard9. The description of the English developments through time is called a ___________ study.A. prescriptiveB. synchronicC. descriptiveD. diachronic10. Which of the following is NOT a minimal pair?A. beat/bitB. pin/binC. kin/kingD. cut/putUnit 151. In the United States, the head of the executive branch is ___________.A. the CongressB. the Supreme CourtC. the Prime MinisterD. the President2. The highest mountain in Britain is ___________.A. the Pennine ChainB. AlpsC. Ben NevisD. Rocky Mountains3. The British North America Act of 1867 established ___________ as a domain.A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. New ZealandD. Ireland4. The longest river in Ireland is ___________ River.A. MississippiB. SevernC. NileD. Shannon5. ___________ is NOT a novel by the Bronte sisters.A. Jane EyreB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey6. ___________ is a 20th century American poet.A. Wallace StevensB. William Butler YeatsC. Alfred TennysonD. Walt Whitman7. ___________ is NOT one of Mark Twain’s novels.A. The Innocents AbroadB. The Gilded AgeC. The Sketch BookD. The Prince and the Pauper8. What type of sentence is “The division of labour and all human activities based on the division of labourare dependent on language.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.9. In the late 1950s, the Transformational-Generative grammar proposed by ___________ began to bring a.. revolution in linguistics.A. SaussureB. BloomfieldC. HallidayD. Chomsky10. The sense relationship between boy and girl is ___________.A. complementary antonymyB. gradable antonymyC. converse antonymyD. none of the above参考答案Unit 11-5 BABBC 6-10 BABDCUnit 21-5 ADBDD 6-10 CACCCUnit 31-5 AADBA 6-10 ACBADUnit 41-5 DDADB 6-10 DADCBUnit 51-5 BBCAD 6-10 BAABCUnit 61-5 BBDDB 6-10 CDBABUnit 71-5 CACBB 6-10 ACBABUnit 81-5 AACBC 6-10 CBCBDUnit 91-5 CDBCC 6-10 DDDCCUnit 101-5 CAACB 6-10 CBDDAUnit 111-5 BBACA 6-10 BABACUnit 121-5 BDADB 6-10 BCCCAUnit 131-5 CABDC 6-10 DDDCBUnit 141-5 BACBD 6-10 ADBDDUnit 151-5 DCBDB 6-10 ACADA。
专八英语考试人文知识试题
专八英语考试人文知识试题An Outline of British Literary HistoryEarly and Medieval English Literature1. Beowulf, epic in old Briton2. Romance3. Ballads4. Geoffrey Chaucer, the founder of English poetry, “The Canterbury Tales”The English Renaissance (16th—first half of 17th)1. Characteristic of Renaissance:1)a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature;2)keen interest in the activities of humanity (humanism)2. Thomas More, the greatest of the English humanists, “Utopia”3. Poets in this period: (The sonnet, an exact form of poetry in 14 lines of iambic pentameter intricately rhymed, was introduced to England from Italy by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard)① Sir Philip Sidney (1554-86), love sonnets: “Astrophel and Stella”② Walter Raleigh (1552-1618), “Discovery of Guiana”③ Edmund Spenser (1552-99), “The Shepherd's Calendar” (a pastoral poem in 12 books); “The Faerie Queene” (his masterpiece dedicated to Queen Elizabeth). He is the first master to make Modern English the natural music of his poetic effusions.④ John Lyly (1554-1606), a romance writer for the gentle reader, “Euphues”4. Prose Writer: Francis Bacon (1561-1626), “Essays” (58 ones). It covers a wide variety of subjects, such as love, truth, friendship,parents and children, beauty, studies, riches, youth and age, garden, death, and many others. They have won popularity for their precision, clearness, brevity and force.5. Drama (the highest glory of English Renaissance)① university wits: Lyly, Peele, Marlowe, Greene, Lodge and Nash. They made rapid progress in dramatic technique because they had a close contact with the actors and audience.② Christopher Marlowe (1564-93):1)Tamburlaine;2)The Jew of Malta;3)Doctor Faustus③ Ben Jonson (1572-1637):1)Every man in His Humor;2)Volpone, or the F ox”;3)The Alchemist;④ William ShakespeareFour Tragedies:1)Hamlet2)Othello3)King Lear4)MacbethCelebrated comedies:1)The Merchant of Venice2)The Taming of the Shrew3)A Midsummer Night's Dream4)All's Well That Ends Well other celebrated ones:1)Titus Andronicus2)Romeo and Juliet3)Henry V4)Twelfth Night5)Julius Caesar6)Timon of Athens7)The Tempest8)Antony and Cleopatra。
2017年英语专八真题与答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2017)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work. SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the first interview.1. A. Comprehensive. B. Disheartening. C. Encouraging. D. Optimistic.2. A. 200. B. 70. C. 10. D. 500.3. A. Lack of international funding.B. Inadequate training of medical personnel.C. Ineffectiveness of treatment efforts.D. Insufficient operational efforts on the ground.4. A. They can start education programs for local people.B. They can open up more treatment units.C. They can provide proper treatment to patients.D. They can become professional.5. A. Provision of medical facilities.B. Assessment from international agencies.C. Ebola outpacing operational efforts.D. Effective treatment of Ebola.Now, listen to the second interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the second interview.6. A. Interpreting the changes from different sources.B. Analyzing changes from the Internet for customers.C. Using media information to inspire new ideas.D. Creating things from changes in behavior, media, etc.7. A. Knowing previous success stories.B. Being brave and willing to take a risk.C. Being sensitive to business data.D. Being aware of what is interesting.8. A. Having people take a risk.B. Aiming at a consumer leek.C. Using messages to do things.D. Focusing on data-based ideas.9. A. Looking for opportunities.B. Considering a starting point.C. Establishing the focal point.D. Examining the future carefully.10. A. A media agency.B. An Internet company.C. A venture capital firm.D. A behavioral study center.PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) It’s 7 pm on a balmy Saturday night in June, and I have just ordered my first beer in I Cervejaria,a restaurant in Zambujeira do Mar, one of the prettiest villages on Portugal’s south-west coast. The place is empty, but this doesn’t surprise me at all. I have spent two weeks in this area, driving along empty roads, playing with my son on empty beaches, and staying in B&Bs where we are the only guests.(2) No doubt the restaurant, run by two brothers for the past 28 years, is buzzing in July and August, when Portuguese holidaymakers descend on the Alentejo coast. But for the other 10 months of the year, the trickle of diners who come to feast on fantastically fresh seafood reflects the general pace of life in the Alentejo: sleepy, bordering on comatose.(3) One of the poorest, least-developed, least-populated regions in western Europe, the Alentejo has been dubbed both the Provence and the Tuscany of Portugal. Neither is accurate. Its scenery is not as pretty and, apart from in the capital Evora, its food isn’t as sophisticated. The charms of this land of w heat fields, cork oak forests, wildflower meadows and tiny white-washed villages, are more subtle than in France or Italy’s poster regions.(4) To travel here is to step back in time 40 or 50 years. Life rolls along at a treacly pace; there’s an unnerving stillness to the landscape. But that stillness ends abruptly at the Atlantic Ocean, where there is drama in spades. Protected by the South West Alentejo and Costa Vicentina national park, the 100 km of coastline from Porto Covo in the Alentejo to Burgau in the Algarve is the most stunning in Europe. And yet few people seem to know about it. Walkers come to admire the views from the Fisherman’s Way, surfers to ride the best waves in Europe, but day after day we had spectacular beaches to ourselves.(5) The l ack of awareness is partly a matter of accessibility (these beaches are a good two hours’ drive from either Faro or Lisbon airports) and partly to do with a lack of beachside accommodation. There are some gorgeous, independent guesthouses in this area, but they are hidden in valleys or at the end of dirt tracks.(6) Our base was a beautiful 600-acre estate of uncultivated land covered in rock-rose, eucalyptus and wild flowers 13km inland from Zambujeira. Our one-bedroom home, Azenha, was once home to the miller who tended the now-restored watermill next to it. A kilometre away from the main house, pool and restaurant, it is gloriously isolated.(7) Stepping out of the house in the morning to greet our neighbours –wild horses on one side, donkeys on the other – with nothing but birdsong filling the air, I felt a sense of adventure you normally only get with wild camping.(8) “When people first arrive, they feel a little anxious wondering what they are going to do the whole time,” Sarah Gredley, the English owner of estate, told me. “But it doesn’t usually take them long to realise that the whole point of being here is to slow down, to enjoy nature.”(9) We followed her advice, walking down to the stream in search of terrapins and otters, or through clusters of cork oak trees. On some days, we tramped uphill to the windmill, now a romantic house for two, for panoramic views across the estate and beyond.(10) When we ventured out, we were always drawn back to the coast – the gentle sands and shallow bay of Farol beach. At the end of the day, we would head, sandy-footed, to the nearest restaurant, knowing that at every one there would be a cabinet full of fresh seafood to choose from – bass, salmon, lobster, prawns, crabs, goose barnacles, clams … We never ate the same thing twice.(11) A kilometre or so from I Cervejaria, on Zambujeira’s idyllic natural harbour is O Sacas,originally built to feed the fishermen but now popular with everyone. After scarfing platefuls of seafood on the terrace, we wandered down to the harbour where two fishermen, in wetsuits, were setting out by boat across the clear turquoise water to collect goose barnacles. Other than them, the place was deserted –just another empty beauty spot where I wondered for the hundredth time that week how this pristine stretch of coast has remained so undiscovered.11.The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that ______.A.life there is quiet and slowB.the place is little knownC.the place is least populatedD.there are stunning views12.“The lack of awareness” in Para. 5 refers to ______.A.different holidaying preferencesB.difficulty of finding accommodationC.little knowledge of the beauty of the beachD.long distance from the airports13.The author uses “gloriously” in Para. 6 to ______.A.describe the scenery outside the houseB.show appreciation of the surroundingsC.contrast greenery with isolationD.praise the region’s unique feature14.The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice” in Para. 10 reflects the ______ of the seafoodthere.A.freshnessB.delicacyC.tasteD.variety15.Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras. 1 and 11?A.Publicity.ndscape.C.Seafood.D.Accommodation.PASSAGE TWO(1) I can still remember the faces when I suggested a method of dealing with what most teachers ofEnglish considered one of their pet horrors, extended reading. The room was full of tired teachers, and many were quite cynical about the offer to work together to create a new and dynamic approach to the place of stories in the classroom.(2) They had seen promises come and go and mere words weren't going to convince them, which wasa shame as it was mere words that we were principally dealing with. Most teachers were unimpressed by the extended reading challenge from the Ministry, and their lack of enthusiasm for the rather dry list of suggested tales was passed on to their students and everyone was pleased when that part of the syllabus was over. It was simply a box ticking exercise. We needed to do something more. We needed a very different approach.(3) That was ten years ago. Now we h ave a different approach, and it works. Here’s how it happened (or, like most good stories, here are the main parts. You have to fill in some of yourself employing that underused classroom device, the imagination.) We started with three main precepts:(4) First, it is important to realize that all of us are storytellers, tellers of tales. We all have our own narratives – the real stories such as what happened to us this morning or last night, and the ones we have been told by others and we haven’t experienc ed personally. We could say that our entire lives are constructed as narratives. As a result we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure. Binary opposites – for example, the tension created between good and bad together with the resolution of that tension through the intervention of time, resourcefulness and virtue – is a concept understood by even the youngest children. Professor Kieran Egan, in his seminal book ‘Teaching as Storytelling’ warns us not to ignore this innate skill, for it is a remarkable tool for learning.(5) We need to understand that writing and reading are two sides of the same coin: an author has not completed the task if the book is not read: the creative circle is not complete without the reader, who will supply their own creative input to the process. Samuel Johnson said: A writer only begins a book. A reader finishes it. In teaching terms, we often forget that reading itself can be a creative process, just as writing is, and we too often relegate it to a means of data collection. We frequently forget to make that distinction when presenting narratives or poetry, and often ask comprehension questions which relate to factual information –who said what and when, rather than speculating on ‘why’, for example, or examining the context of the action.(6) The third part of the reasoning that we adopted relates to the need to engage the students as readers in their own right, not as simply as language learners; learning the language is part of the process, not the reason for reading. What they read must become theirs and have its own special and secret life in their heads,a place where teachers can only go if invited.(7) We quickly found that one of the most important ways of making all the foregoing happen was to engage the creative talents of the class before they read a word of the text. The pre-reading activities become the most important part of the teaching process; the actual reading part can almost be seen as the cream on the cake, and the principle aim of pre-reading activities is to get students to want to read the text. We developed a series of activities which uses clues or fragments from the text yet to be read, and which rely on the student’s innate knowledge of narrative, so that they can to build their own stori es before they read the key text. They have enough information to generate ideas but not so much that it becomes simply an exercise in guided writing; releasing a free imagination is the objective.(8) Moving from pre-reading to reading, we may introduce t extual intervention activities. ‘Textual Intervention’ is a term used by Rob Pope to describe the process of questioning a text not simply as a guide to comprehension but as a way of exploring the context of the story at any one time, and examiningpoints at which the narrative presents choices, points of divergence, or narrative crossroads. We don’t do this for all texts, however, as the shorter ones do not seem to gain much from this process and it simply breaks up the reading pleasure.(9) Follow-up activities are needed, at the least, to round off the activity, to bring some sense of closure but they also offer an opportunity to link the reading experience more directly to the requirements of the syllabus. Indeed, the story may have been chosen in the first place because the context supports one of the themes that teachers are required to examine as part of the syllabus –for example, ‘families’, ‘science and technology’, ‘communications’, ‘the environment’ and all the other familiar themes. There are ver y few stories that can’t be explored without some part of the syllabus being supported. For many teachers this is an essential requirement if they are to engage in such extensive reading at all.(10) The whole process – pre-, while and post reading – could be just an hour’s activity, or it could last for more than one lesson. When we are designing the materials for exploring stories clearly it is isn’t possible for us to know how much time any teacher will have available, which is why we construct the activities into a series of independent units which we call kits. They are called kits because we expect teachers to build their own lessons out of the materials we provide, which implies that large amounts may be discarded. What we do ask, though, is that the pre-reading activities be included, if nothing else. That is essential for the process to engage the student as a creative reader..(11) One of the purposes of encouraging a creative reading approach in the language classroom is to do with the dynamics we perceive in the classroom. Strategic theorists tell us of the social trinity, whereby three elements are required to achieve a dynamic in any social situation. In the language classroom these might be seen as consisting of the student, the teacher and the language. Certainly from the perspective of the student – and usually from the perspective of the teacher – the relationship is an unequal one, with the language being perceived as placed closer to the teacher than the student. This will result in less dynamic between language and student than between language and teacher. However, if we replace ‘language’ with narrative and especially if that is approached as a creative process that draws the student in so that they feel they ‘own’ the relationship with th e text, then this will shift the dynamic in the classroom so that the student, who has now become a reader, is much closer to the language – or narrative – than previously. This creates a much more effective dynamic of learning. However, some teachers feel threatened by this apparent loss of overall control and mastery. Indeed, the whole business of open ended creativity and a lack of boxes to tick for the correct answer is quite unsettling territory for some to find themselves in.16.It can be inferred from Paras. 1 and 2 that teachers used to ______.A.oppose strongly the teaching of extended readingB.be confused over how to teach extended readingC.be against adopting new methods of teachingD.teach extended reading in a perfunctory way17.The sentence “we all understand and instinctively feel narrative structure” in Para. 4 indicates that______.A.we are good at telling storiesB.we all like telling storiesC.we are born story-tellersD.we all like listening to stories18.Samuel Johnson regards the relationship between a writer and a reader as ______ (Para. 5).A.independentB.collaborativeC.contradictoryD.reciprocal19.In Para. 7, the author sees “pre-reading” as the most important part of reading because _____.A.it encourages students’ imaginationB.it lays a good foundation for readingC.it can attract students’ attentionD.it provides clues to the text to be read20.“Textual Intervention” suggested by Rob Pope (in Para. 8) is expected to fulfill all the followingfunctions EXCEPT ______.A.exploring the contextB.interpreting ambiguitiesC.stretching the imaginationD.examining the structurePASSAGE THREE(1) Once again, seething, residual anger has burst forth in an American city. And the riots that overtook Los Angeles were a reminder of what knowledgeable observers have been saying for a quarter century: America will continue paying a high price in civil and ethnic unrest unless the nation commits itself to programs that help the urban poor lead productive and respectable lives.(2) Once again, a proven program is worth pondering: national service.(3) Somewhat akin to the military training that generations of American males received in the armed forces, a 1990s version would prepare thousands of unemployable and undereducated young adults for quality lives in our increasingly global and technology-driven economy. National service opportunities would be available to any who needed it and, make no mistake, the problems are now so structural, to intractable, that any solution will require massive federal intervention.(4) In his much quoted book, “The Truly Disadvantaged,” sociologist William Julius Wilson wrote that “only a major program of economic reform” will prevent the riot-prone urban underclass from being permanently locked out of American economic life. Today, we simply have no choice. The enemy within and among our separate ethnic selves is as daunting as any foreign foe.(5) Families who are rent apart by welfare dependency, job discrimination and intense feelings of alienation have produces minority teenagers with very little self-discipline and little faith that good grades and the American work ethic will pay off. A military-like environment for them with practical domestic objectives could produce startling results.(6) Military service has been the most successful career training program we’ve ever known, and American children born in the years since the all-volunteer Army was instituted make up a large proportion of this targeted group. But this opportunity may disappear forever if too many of our military bases are summarily closed and converted or sold to the private sector. The facilities, manpower, traditions, and capacity are already in place.(7) Don’t dismantle it: rechannel it.(8) Discipline is a cornerstone of any responsible citizen’s life. I was taught it by my father, who wasa policeman. May of the rioters have never had any at all. As an athlete and former Army officer, I know that discipline can be learned. More importantly, it must be learned or it doesn’t take hold.(9) A precedent for this approach was the Civilian Conservation Corps that worked so well during the Great Depression. My father enlisted in the CCC as a young man with an elementary school education and he learned invaluable skills that served him well throughout his life. The key was that a job was waiting for him when he finished. The certainty of that first entry-level position is essential if severely alienated young minority men and women are to keep the faith.(10) We all know these are difficult times for the public sector, but here’s the chance to ad d energetic and able manpower to America’s workforce. They could be prepared for the world of work or college – an offer similar to that made to returning GI after Word War II. It would be a chance for 16- to 21-year-olds to live among other cultures, religions, races and in different geographical areas. And these young people could be taught to rally around common goals and friendships that evolve out of pride in one’s squad, platoon, company, battalion – or commander.(11) We saw such images during the Persian Gulf War and during the NACC Final Four basketball games. In military life and competitive sports, this camaraderie doesn’t just happen; it is taught and learned in an atmosphere of discipline and earned mutual respect for each other’s capabilities.(12) A national service program would also help overcome two damaging perceptions held by America’s disaffected youth: the society just doesn’t care about minority youngsters and that one’s personal best efforts will not be rewarded in our discriminatory job market. Harvard professor Robert Reich’s research has shown that urban social ills are so pervasive that the upper 20 percent of Americans –the “fortunate fifth” as he calls them –have decided quietly to “secede” from the bottom four-fifths and the lowest fifth in particular. We cannot accept such estrangement on a permanent basis. And what better way to answer skeptics from any group than by certifying the technical skills of graduates from a national service training program?(13) Now, we must act decisively to forestall future urban unrest. Republicans must put aside their aversion to funding programs aimed at certain cultural groups. Democrats must forget labels and recognize that a geographically isolated subgroup of Americans – their children in particular – need systematic and substantive assistance for at least another 20 years.(14) The ethnic taproots of minority Americans are deeply buried in a soil of faith and loyalty to traditional values. With its emphasis on discipline, teamwork, conflict resolution, personal responsibility and marketable skills development, national service can provide both the training and that vital first job that will reconnect these Americans to the rest of us. Let’s do it before the fire next time.21.According to the author, “national service” is comparable to “military training” because they bothcultivate youngsters’ ______.A.good gradesB.self disciplineC.mutual trustD.work ethic22.The author cites the example of his father in order to show ______.A.the importance of disciplineB.the importance of educationC.the necessity of having strong faithD.the effectiveness of the program23.According to the author, a national service program can bring the following benefits to America’syoungsters EXCEPT ______.A.increase in incomeB. a sense of responsibilityC.confidence and hopeD.practical work skills24.According to the context, what does “the fire” refer to (Para. 14)?A.Discrimination.B.Anger.C.Riots.D.Aversion.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25.What does Para. 2 tell us about the restaurant business on the Alentejo coast throughout the year?26.According to Para. 5, what are the two main reasons of the Alentejo’s inaccessibility?PASSAGE TWO27.What does “It was simply a box ticking exercise” mean in Para. 2?28.Paras. 4-6 propose three main precepts for the now approach. Please use ONE phrase to summarizeeach of the three precepts.29.What does the author suggest to shift the dynamic in the classroom (Para. 11)?PASSAGE THREE30.What is the purpose of the program proposed by the author (Paras. 1-3)?31.What does the word “it” in “Don’t dismantle it: rechannel it.” ref er to (Para. 7)?32.What do Robert Reich’s findings imply (Para. 12)?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and writethe word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the endof the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in theblank provided at the end of the line.Example__________When∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) an__________it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museum__________wants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PART IV TRANSLATION [20 MIN]Translate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.我小的时候特别盼望过年，往往是一过了腊月，就开始掰着指头数日子。
专八人文知识测试题16套含答案.doc
专八人文知识测试题16套含答案.docTest 11.In Britain, where does the Changing of the Guard take place?a)Buckingham Palace.b)Downing Street.c)Victoria and Albert Museum.d)The Tower of London.2.What is a double-decker?a) A bus.b) A chocolate bar.c) A taxi. d) A two-storey building.3.Of all the symbols, ________, which are considered to representfertility and new life, are those most frequently associated with Easter.a)the pumpkin and the turkeyb)the lamb and the beefc)the spring peas and the potatoesd)the egg and the rabbit4.The first landing by Europeans in Australia was in 1606, butwhat is their nationality?a) Dutch. b) French.c) Spanish. d) British.5.Middle English was used by the poet _______.a) Hardy b) Chaucerc) Shakespeare d) Milton6.“A Tale of Two Cities” w as written by ______.a) William Shakespeare b) Goeffrey Chaucerc) Charles Dickens d) Thomas Jefferson7.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on variousaspects oflife. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?a) Religion and immortality. b) Life and Death.c) Love and marriage. d) War and peace.8.What three components, generally, make up a system of atypical language?a)Phonology, syntax, semantics.b)Semiosis, syntax, frames.c)Frames, semantics, utterances.d)Sign, sign, signs.9.Of the following word-formation processes, _______ is themost productive.a) clipping b) blendingc) initialism d) derivation10.“The pen is mightier than the sword.” is an example of ______.a) metonymy b) transferred epithetc) oxymoron d) metaphorc) dialect d) narrativeTest 21.What is the affectionate name given to the clock tower of theHouses of Parliament, Westminster?a) Big Ben. b) Big Ken.c) Big Bill. d) Big Bob.2.Which of these sports did not originate in UK?a) Cricket. b) Snooker.c) Football (Soccer). d) Golf.3.Which town has been nicknamed ‘Tinseltown’ by theAmericans?a) New Orleans. b) Reno.c) Hollywood. d) Las Vegas.4.What is the other official language in Canada besides Englishand what is Canada’s capital?a) French. Ottawa. b) Spanish, Ottawa.c) Spanish, Toronto. d) French, Toronto.5.Which English poet wrote of Adam and Eve’s expulsion fromthe Garden of Eden in Paradise Lost?a) John Donne. b) John Milton.c) Sir Philip Sidney. d) Edmund Spenser.6._______ died of tuberculosis at the age of 26, but not beforeleaving an impressive body of poems, including “T o Autumn”and “Ode on Melancholy”.a) John Keats b) Lord Byronc) Samuel Taylor Coleridge d) Percy Bysshe Shelley7.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. Hisinnovation first of all lies in his use of ______, poetry without afixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.a) Blank verse b) Heroic coupletc) Free verse d) Iambic pentameter8.Of the following words, ______ is an initialism.a) VOA b) NATOc) BASIC d) UNESCO9.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping?a) Dorm. b) Motel.c) Gent. d) Zoo.10.A regional variety of a language that has variations inpronunciation, vocabulary or meaning is called _______.a) accent b) slangc) Morphology. d) Semantics.Test 31.The Channel Tunnel, linking the UK to the rest of Europe, runsbetween England and ______.a) France b) Germanyc) Belgium d) Netherlands2.What’s the name of the day set apa rt in USA for planting trees?a) Earth Day.b) Ann Arbor Day.c) Arbor Day. d) Green Day.3.What was the name of the ship that brought the Pilgrims to NewEngland in 1620?a) Golden Hinde. b) Sunflower.c) Mayflower. d) Titanic.4.What are the official colours of Australia?a) Red, White and Blue. b) Green and Gold.c) Green and Brown. d) Green and Red.5._______ is the first important governess novel in the Englishliterary history.a) Jane Eyre b) Emmac) Wuthering Heights d) Middlemarch6._______ was a pre-Romantic writer and is best known for hisScottish songs.a) Sir Walter Scott b) Robert Burnsc) Samuel Taylor Coleridge d) William Blake7.Mark Twain did NOT write _______.a)The Prince and the Pauperb)The Old Curiosity Shopc)Pudd’nhead W ilsond)Tom Sawyer8.Which of the following is NOT a dialect of English?a) Slang. b) Buffalo.c) American. d) Southern.9.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they ______.a)are complex wordsb)are technical wordsc)refer to the commonest things in lifed)denote the most important concepts10.W hat is defined as “the study of sentence structure”?a) Syntax.b) Phonology.c) “railroad”d) “taxi”Test 41.What colour is the British classified business telephone directory?a) Yellow. b) White.c) Blue. d) Pink.2.What does IMF stand for?a)International Monetary Foundation.b)International Monetary Fund.c)Internal Money Foundation.d)Internal Monetary Fund.3.What do Americans celebrate on 4th July?a) Thanksgiving Day. b) The Revolution.c) The Discovery of America. d) Independence Day.4.What is Canada’s national animal?a) Beaver. b) Moose.c) Bear. d) Husky.5.Which play by Shakespeare is not a tragedy?a) Titus Andronicus. b) Pericles, Prince of Tyre.c) Coriolanus. d) Timon of Athens.6.What is the book Lord of the Flies about?a) A road trip around the USA.b) A swarm of killer flies.c)Schoolboys on a desert island.d)An expert pilot.7.Nathaniel Hawthorne did NOT write _______.a) The Scarlet Letter b) Twice T old Talesc) The Blithedale Romance d) Vanity Fair8.Morphology is _______.a)how a word’s meaning evolves over timeb)the way a language builds words by putting small,meaningful units togetherc)how a word’s spelling evolves over timed)in what order words are put in a sentence9.Which of the following words can be described as containing anaffricate?a) Pill. b) Huffle.c) Hammer. d) Budged.10.The word ______ is usually NOT used by British people.a) “tube”b) “pub”Test 51.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queenon the recommendation of ______.a) the Speaker b) the Lord Chancellorc) the Duke of Edinburgh d) the Prime Minister2.Who was the first person to walk on the moon?a) John Glenn. b) Clint Eastwood.c) Neil Armstrong. d) Yuri Gagarin.3.How many states are there in the US?a) 49. b) 50. c) 51.d) 52.4.What is the title of Canada’s national anthem?a) True Patriot Love. b) God Save the Queen.c) Canada My Country. d) O Canada.5.Who wrote “Where ignora nce is bliss, it is folly to be wise”?a) Browning. b) Marx.c) Shakespeare. d) Kipling.6._______ is the author of “To a Skylark”.a) Mary Lamb b) John Keatsc) Percy Bysshe Shelley d) Lord Byron7.Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always beenregarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.a) Walden b) The pioneersc) Nature d) Song of Myself8.What is etymology?a)The history of a word.b)The various ways in which a word can be pronounced.c)The study of unwritten languages.d)The study of dead languages.9.________ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used asseparate words.a) Roots. b) Stems.c) Affixes.d) Compounds.10.W hat is the dominant accent in the United States?a) Midwest. b) General American.c) Southern. d) Canadian.Test 61.The vegetable, leek, is the emblem for which part of the UK?a) Wales. b) Northern Ireland.c) Scotland. d) England.2.John Lennon is a member of the band of ______ in the 1960s.a) The Beatles b) The Policec) The Rolling Stones d) The Eagles3.What is the title of the United States of America’s nationalanthem?a) America the Beautiful. b) We Are The Champions.c) God Bless America. d) The Star Spangled Banner.4.How many territories are there in Canada?a) 4.b) 2. c) 3. d) 1.5.In Gulliver’s Travels, Jonathan Swift describes the island ofthe Houyhnhnms as the world’s most perfect society. What kind of animals are the Houyhnhnms?a) Monkeys. b) Fish.c) Dogs. d) Horses.6.In which cent ury were Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Taleswritten?a) Fourteenth. b) fifteenth.c) Sixteenth. d) Seventeenth.7.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literaryscene, _______ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.a) sentimentalism b) romanticismc) realism d) naturalism8.To which of these language groups does English belong?a) Romance.b) Germanic.c) Slavonic. d) Baltic.9.“Present” and “absent” form a pair of _______.a) conversives b) gradable antonymsc) complementary antonyms d) marked antonyms10.T he morpheme is the smallest syntactical unit. How manymorphemes does the word “antidisestablishmentarianism” have?a) 1. b) 5. c) 7.d) 6.Test 71.What is the name of the famous stadium in the north of London?a) Wembley. b) Westminster.c) Wimbledon. d) Webster.2.What would you do with a “toad-in-the-hole”?a) Let it out. b) Sing it.c) Eat it. d) Play it.3.Martin Luther King Jr., a young black clergyman, became anational leader of the _______ Movement.a) Boycott b) Civil Rightsc) Segregation d) Integration4.The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in _______.a) New Brunswick b) Ontarioc) Quebec d) Nova Scotia5.Sir Thom as More coined the word “Utopia”. What does theword mean in Greek?a) Nowhere land. b) God’s blessings.c) Kingdom in the sky. d) Free from all sorrow.6.Where did Aldous Huxley get the title for Brave New World,which presents a chilling vision of a supposedly ideal society?a)The Bible’s Book of Psalms.b)Shakespeare’s “The Tempest”.c)Homer’s “Odyssey”.d)Christopher Columbus’ journals.7.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their________.a) indestructible spirit b) pessimistic view of lifec) war experiences d) masculinity8.Which of the following does affect the register that we speakin?a) Conversational partner. b) Context.c) Social status. d) Gender.9.What is the smallest segment of sound that comprises the basicbuilding blocks of a language?a) Morphemes.b) Teramemes.c) Metamemes. d) Phonemes.10.T he ambiguity in “Pass the port” is caused by _______.a) lexical items b) a grammatical structurec) homonymy d) polysemyTest 81.Which of these is the patron saint of Wales?a) St. Patrick. b) St. David.c) St. Andrew. d) St. George.2.Where is the official residence of the British prime Minister?a) Constitution Hill. b) Downing Street.c) Whitehall Place. d) The Strand.3.Which American president freed the slaves?a) Thomas Jefferson. b) George Washington.c) Abraham Lincoln. d) Bill Clinton.4.Who said: “We hold these trut hs to be self-evident that all menare created equal”?a) Bill Clinton. b) George Washington.c) Richard Nixon. d) Thomas Jefferson.5.W ho was the author of the famous storybook Alice’s Adventuresin Wonderland?a) Rudyard Kipling. b) John Keatsc) Lewis Carroll. d) H.G. Wells.6.Sonnets from the ______ is regarded as Elizabeth BarrettBrowing’s best work.a) Spanish b) Portuguesec) French d) Italian7.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influenceover _______.a) Ezra Pound b) Ralph Waldo Emersonc) Robert Frost d) Emily Dickinson8.The dictionary of a language can be called ________.a) pragmatics b) semanticsc) lexicon d) grammar9.Which of the following is NOT associated with “Parentese”(how an adult talks to a child)?a) Yes or no questions. b) High pitch.c) Long sentences. d) Exaggerated intonation.10.T he group of words _______ make up a semantic field.a)“father, teacher, son, brother”b)“red, white, rose, milk”c)“sorrow, grief, anguish, regret”d)“socks, slippers, shoes, glass”Test 91.Which famous writer was born in Stratford-upon-Avon?a) Geoffrey Chaucer. b) Agatha Christie.c) William Shakespeare. d) Thomas Hardy.2.In which year was the independence from England declared?a) 1679. b) 1876. c) 1776. d) 1779.3.Which of these U.S.A. states has been frequently called “thearmpit of the Nation”?a) New Jersey. b) Washington.c) Maine. d) Montana.4.Which of the following is Canada’s national symbol?a) Sunflower. b) Maple leaf.c) Golden wattle. d) Rose.5.How many lines does a sonnet have?a) 10. b) 12. c) 14. d) They vary.6.________ is considered to be the best-known English dramatistsince Shakespeare, and his representative works are playsinspired by social criticism.a) Richard Sheridan b) Oliver Goldsmithc) Oscar Wilde d) Bernard Shaw7._______ is the title of the 1818 novel by Mary WollstonecraftShelley.a) Spiderman b) Draculac) Frankenstein d) The Mummy8.The four major modes of semantic changes are _______.a)Extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationb)Extension, generalization, elevation and degradationc)Extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationd)Extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation9._______ deals with the distinctive sounds that are combined tomake words.a) Lexicon b) Morphologyc) Phonology d) Semantics10.“Vacuum-clean” resulting from “vacuum-cleaner” is an exampleof ______.a) clipping b) reduplicationc) compounding d) back-formationTest 101.The Hundred Years’ War in the history was between Englandand _______.a) France b) Norwayc) Denmark d) Germany2.Which of the following countries was once called a big empire“on which the sun never sets”?a) America. b) Norway.c) Spain. d) Britain.3. A Parliament in Britain has a maximum duration of ________years.a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 54.Which of the following is NOT a tragedy by Shakespeare?a) Romeo and Juliet. b) Hamlet.c) King Lear. d) The Taming of the Shrew.5.Who is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the Englishlanguage?a) Shakespeare. b) Hemingway.c) Chaucer. d) Mark Twain.6.Which of the following is a chronicle play by Shakespeare?a)Julius Caesar.b)The twelfth Night.c) A Midsummer Night’s Dream.d)As You Like it.7.______ is a branch of linguistics concerned with the sounds ofspeech, the way the sounds of particular languages change over time and the way the sounds of one language relate to those of another.a) Phonology b) Morphologyc) Syntax d) Semantics8.______ is the branch of linguistics which studies meaning inlanguage.a) Phonology b) Morphologyc) Syntax d) Semantics9.“Alive” and “dead” are _______ ant onyms.a) relational b) gradablec) symmetric d) complementary10._______ is the study of the production, transmission, andreception of speech sounds. a) Phonology b) Morphology c) Syntax d) PhoneticsTest 111.Which university is the oldest one in Britain?a) Oxford. b) Cambridge.c) Edinburgh. d) Glasgow.2.The Reuters is a famous news agency in _______.a) France b) Germanyc) America d) Britain3.The most typically English of sports is ________.a) soccer b) cricketc) horse racing d) golf4.“The Red badge of Courage” was written by _______.a) Jack London b) Stephen Cranec) Hamilin Garland d) S. Anderson5.Fitzgerald’s first novel was ________.a)The Beautiful and Damnedb)This Side of Paradisec)The Great Gatsbyd)Tender Is Night6.The theme of The Waste Land is _______.a) love b) spiritual quest for salvationc) death d) nature7.Wallace Stevens was a successful ________.a) poet b) essayistc) novelist d) critic8.Chinese is a(n) ________.a) isolating language b) agglutinativec) fusional d) incorporating9.______ validity refers to the extent to which the best adequatelycovers the syllabus area to be tested.a) content b) Constructc) Emprical d) Face10.S en tence (a) “He married a blonde heiress.” _______ sentence(b) “He married a blonde.”a) presupposes b) implicatesc) entails d) negatesTest 121.The singing group the Beatles was formed in _________.a) the early 1960s b) the early 1970sc) the late 1960s d) the late 1970s2.The most popular sport in England is _______.a) soccer b) cricketc) rugby d) golf3._______ is the base where America originated.a) the Midwest b) the Southc) the Great Plains d) New England4.Napoleon sold the ______ Territory to the United States foronly 15 million dollars.a) Colorado b) Louisianac) New Mexico d) T exas5.________ introduced the technique of the stream ofconsciousness in his writing.a) Shakespeare b) James Joycec) Thomas Hardy d) William Faulkner6.Adgar Allan Poe was a _______.a) novelist and critic b) poet and criticc) novelist and poet d) playwright and novelist7.________ was called “inventor of detective stories”.a) Washington Irving b) Fennimore Cooperc) Adgar Allan Poe d) Nathaniel Hawthorne8._______ are of the complementary type of antonyms.a) Sell-buy b) Long-shortc) Good-bad d) Single-married9.Which is created by cutting the initial part of a word?a) Van. b) Prof.c) Bike. d) Telly.10.T he word “holiday” origina lly meant holy day, but now theword signifies any day on which we do not have to work. This is an example of ________.a) meaning shift b) widening of meaningc) narrowing of meaning d) loss of meaningTest 131._______ was the president of the United States during the GreatDepression.a) Thomas Jefferson b) John F. Kennedyc) Franklin Roosevelt d) Truman2.______ was involved in the Watergate Scandal.a) Nixon b) Rooseveltc) Truman d) Ford3.The Presidency Election is held every _______ years inAmerica.a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 64.The Master’s colleges and universities in America offer_______ degrees.a) BA b) Master’sc) BA and Master’s d) doctoral5.“Scarlet Letter” is one of the greatest American novels. It iswritten by _______.a) Nathaniel Hawthorne b) Wallace Stevenc) Francis d) Willa Cather6.________ was the first to explore fully the possibility of freeverse in American history of literature.a) Ralph Waldo b) Stephen Cranec) Walt Whitman d) Robert Frost7.Mark Twain was well-known as a _______.a) critic b) humoristc) poet d) playwright8.Which is NOT a blending word?a) baby-sit. b) transistor.c) motel. d) smog.9.The thematic role which deliberately performs the actiondescribed by the verb is _______.a) instrument b) sourcec) agent d) theme10.W hich of the following languages does NOT belong to theGermanic branch of the Indo-European family?a) Italian. b) English.c) German. d) Dutch.Test 141.Which of the following American higher education institutiondoes NOT offer BA degree?a)Junior Colleges.b)Research universities.c)Doctoral universities.d)Master’s colleges and universities.2.Yale and Harvard Universities are funded by the followingEXCEPT ________.a)the tuition fees paid by the studentsb)the donations by corporations and religious organizationsc)individuals’ donationsd)the governments at all levels3.The unique contribution to architecture by Americans was the________ in the late 19th century.a) skyscraper b) expresswayc) bridges d) tall towers4.Theodore Dreiser was the representative of the _______.a) transcendentalists b) modernistsc) naturalists d) existentialists5.“The Waste Land” was written by ________.a) Thomas Stearns Eliot b) Walt Whitmanc) Emily Dickinson d) Robert Frost6.Which of the following American writers did NOT win a NobelPrize for Literature?a) Ernest Hemingway. b) T. S. Eliot.c) John Steinbeck. d) Richard Wright.7.The word “_______” does NOT have the semantic propertyof“cause”.a) darken b) killc) uglify d) touch8.______ is/are NOT included in Pragmatics.a) Speech acts b) Presuppositionsc) Dexis d) Pronunciation9.________ is defined as the study of language in use andlinguistic communication.a) Pragmatics b) Sociolinguisticsc) Neuroliguistics d) Contextual linguistics10._______ carry semantic content. a) Grammatical words b) Form words c) Lexical words d) FunctionsTest 151.Elvis Presley was the representative of _______ in Americanhistory.a) country music b) discoc) jazz d) rock’n’roll2.Thanksgiving Day is on the _______ Thursday in November.a) 1st b) 2nd c) 3rd d) 4th3.The National Day of the American people is on ________.a) June 4 b) July 4c) June 14 d) July 144.“invisible Man” probes the existential status of a ______.a) Jewish b) Negroc) White d) Hispanic5.Which of the following is a woman writer?a) Ralph Ellison. b) Saul Bellow.c) James Baldwin. d) Willa Cather.6.“Long Day’s Journey Into Night” was written by _______.a) Sherwood Anderson b) William Faulknerc) Eugene O’Neil d) Bernard Shaw7.Which of the following was NOT written by ErnestHemingway?a)The Sun Also Rises.b)For Whom the Bell Tolls.c)Tender is the Night.d) A Clean, Well-Lighted Place.8.Which of the following words are minimal pairs?a) beg, bag. b) my, fly.c) cat, slight. d) it, intelligent.9.“Man” and “men” ar e _______ allomorphs.a) replacive b) suppletivec) zero d) positional10.________ includes the study of linguistic variation, linguisticchange, and sociocultural factors that influence language use.a) Pragmatics b) Sociolinguisticsc) Neurolinguistics d) Contextual linguisticsTest 161.The longest city in Canada is ________.a) Toronto b) Montrealc) Vancouver d) Quebec City2.English is the language most commonly spoken throughoutCanada EXCEPT _______.a) Toronto b) Montrealc) Vancouver d) Quebec3.Today in Canada, services in almost all modern institutionswork in _______.a) English b) English and Frenchc) English and Spanish d) English and Dutch4.Fitzgerald usually dealt with the double theme of _______.a) hatred and love b) hatred and warc) love and money d) money and death5.The Sound and the Fury was written by _______.a) Sinclair Lewis b) Theodore Dreiserc) F. Scott d) William Faulkner6.Main Street is a masterpiece of _______.a) transcendentalism b) naturalismc) modernism d) provincialism7.“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” is a _______ poem.a) dramatic b) meditativec) satirical d) philosophical8._______ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms,and collocations.a) Morphology b) Lexiconc) Morphophonology d) Morphophonemics9.Which of the following is NOT a fricative?a) /f/. b) /v/. c) /s/. d) /tr/.10.A n artificial language used for trade between speakers ofdifferent languages is called a ________.a) pidgin b) lingua francac) creole s) slangKey AnswersTest 11.a2.a3.d5.b6.c7.d8.a9.d 10.a Test 21.a2.b3.c4.a5.b6.a7.c8.a9.b 10.c Test 31.a2.c3.c4.b5.a6.b7.b8.a9.c 10.a Test 41.a2.b3.d4.a5.b6.c8.b9.d 10.c Test 51.d2.c3.b4.d5.c6.c7.a8.a9.c 10.b Test 61.a2.a3.d4.c5.d6.a7.c8.b9.c 10.d Test 71.a2.c3.b4.c5.a6.b7.a8.d9.d 10.d Test 82.b3.c4.d5.c6.b7.a8.c9.c 10.c Test 91.c2.c3.a4.b5.c6.d7.c8.a9.c 10.d Test 101.a2.d3.d4.d5.a6.a7.a8.d9.d 10.d Test 111.a2.d3.b5.b6.b7.a8.a9.a 10.c Test 121.a2.a3.d4.b5.b6.a7.c8.d9.a 10.b Test 131.c2.a3.c4.c5.a6.c7.a8.a9.c 10.a Test 141.a2.d3.a4.b5.a6.d8.d9.a 10.c Test 151.d2.d3.b4.b5.d6.c7.c8.a9.a 10.b Test 161.a2.d3.b4.c5.d6.b7.b8.b9.d 10.a。
2017年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2017年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE USAGE 4. TRANSLATION 5. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：The Modes of Language Good morning, everyone! In our last lecture, I was talking about language as part of our semiotic system, and today I am going to move onto another topic. That is, the modes of language. As you may know, messages are transmitted in human language most frequently through two primary modes: speech and writing. Well, you know that there is also a third mode, which is not that frequently used as speech and writing. The third mode is called signing, which is used by deaf people. But in today’s lecture we will just focus on speech and writing, and specific features of these two modes. In linguistics, it is commonly noted that speech is primary and writing secondary. Linguists take this position because all languages are spoken, except those dead languages such as Latin, which is only existing in written form All children will naturally acquire the spoken version of a language if they are exposed to it They acquire the spoken form of their mother tongue during the formative period of language acquisition. However, to become literate, a child will need some kind of formal schooling in reading and writing. In many respects, we may call speech “primary” and writing “secondary”. It implies that writing has a second-class status when compared with speech. In fact, it is more accurate to view the two modes as having different but complementary roles. For instance, in most legal systems, while an oral contract is legally binding, a written contract is preferred. The reason is simple: unlike speech, writing provides a permanent record of the contract. Thus, if the terms of the contract are disputed, the written record of the contract can be consulted and interpreted. Disputes over an oral contract will involve one person’s recollection of the contract versus another person’s. While, writing may be the preferred mode for a contract, in many other contexts, speech will be more appropriate. Because the most common type of speech —face-to-face conversations —is highly interactive, this mode is well suited to many social contexts: such as casual conversations over lunch, business transactions in a grocery store, discussions between students and teachers in a classroom. And in these contexts, interactive dialogues have many advantages over writing. For instance, individuals engaged in conversation can ask for immediate clarification if there is aquestion about something said: in a letter to a friend, in contrast, such immediacy is lacking. When speaking to one another, speakers are face to face and can therefore see how individuals react to what is said. On the other hand, writing creates distance between writer and reader, preventing the writer from getting any immediate reaction from the reader. Speech is oral, thus making it possible to use intonation to emphasize words or phrases and express emotion. Of course, one might say that writing has punctuation: well, it can express only a small proportion of the features that intonation has. Because speech is created “on-line,” it is produced quickly and easily. This may result in many “ungrammatical”constructions, but rarely do these rough sentences cause miscommunications. You know, if there is a misunderstanding, it can be easily corrected. On the contrary, writing is much more deliberate. It requires planning, editing and thus taking much more time to produce on the part of the writer. Because of all of these characteristics of writing, if an individual desires a casual, intimate encounter with a friend, he or she is more likely to meet personally than write a letter. In this case, writing a letter to a friend might turn out to be too formal. Of course, in today’s world, the highly developed technology has made such encounters possible with “instant messaging”, over a computer or a smartphone. And if someone wishes to have such an encounter with a friend living many miles away, then this kind of on-line written “chat”can mimic a face-to-face conversation. But because such conversations are a hybrid of speech and writing, they still lack the intimacy and immediacy of a face-to-face conversation. While speech and writing are often viewed as discrete modes, it is important for us to note that there is a continuum between speech and writing. While speech is in general more interactive than writing, various kinds of spoken and written English display various degrees of interactivity. For instance, various linguistic markers of interactive discourse such as first and second person pronouns, contractions, and private verbs such as think and feel, occurred very frequently in telephone and face-to-face conversations but less frequently in spontaneous speeches, interviews, and broadcasts. In addition, some kinds of writing, such as academic prose and official documents, exhibited few markers of interactive discourse, but other kinds of written texts, particularly personal letters, ranked higher on the scale of interactivity than many of the spoken texts. In other words, how language is structured depends less on whether it is spoken or written but more on how it is being used. For example, a personal letter, even though it is written, will contain linguistic features marking interactivity because the writer of a letter wishes to interact with the receiver of the letter. On the other hand, in an interview, the goal is not to interact necessarily but to get information from the person being interviewed. Therefore, though interviews are spoken, they have fewer markers of interactivity and contain more features typically associated with written texts. OK, to sum up, we have been dealing with the modes of language in today’s lecture. The two most frequently used modes are speech and writing. As two different modes of language, speech and writing, have their own characteristics. Speech is a preferred mode in many social contexts while interactivity is needed. Of course, when a formal, stable record is preferred, writing should be an appropriate mode. Finally, I have also emphasized that there is a continuum between speech and writing. In the followinglecture, we will concentrate on the linguistic structure of language. Thank you.The Modes of LanguageThree modes of language speech writing 【T1】______【T1】______Speech and writing speech is considered【T2】______ because【T2】______—all languages are spoken—children acquire spoken language first—【T3】______ requires reading and writing【T3】______ speech and writing have【T4】______ roles【T4】______—legal contracts are written for- providing permanent records-【T5】______disputes over oral contracts【T5】______ speech is more appropriate in【T6】______【T6】______—face-to-face casual conversations —business transactions in stores—discussions in a classroom 【T7】______of speech and writing【T7】______—immediate clarification in speech—visible【T8】______in conversation【T8】______—sense of【T9】______in writing【T9】______—use of intonation to express【T10】______【T10】______—writing seen to be more【T11】______【T11】______—lack of【T12】______ in on-line written “chat”【T12】______ 【T13】______ between speech and writing【T13】______—linguistic markers of interactivity vary with【T14】______【T14】______—how language is structured depends more on【T15】______【T15】______ConclusionAs two different modes of language, speech and writing have their own characteristics.1．【T1】正确答案：signing解析：讲座开篇部分提到了语言的三种模式(mode)，除口语(speech)和书面语(writing)外就是失聪人士用的“手语”(signing)。
英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案
英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案1. “Ode to the west wind” was written by the author of ___.A “I wandered lonely as a cloud”B “Kubla Khan”C “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage”D “As Defense of Poetry”2. Which of the following poets does not belong to the school of romantic poets?A William WordsworthB Percy Bysshe ShelleyC George Gordon ByronD John Donne3. Charles Dickens wrote all of the following except ___.A Oliver TwistB David CopperfieldC A Tale of Two CitiesD Heart of Darkness4. “A Red, Red Rose” was written by ___.A Alexandra PopB Robert BurnsC William BlakeD John Keats5. Pip is the character of Charles Dickens’ novel ___.A Oliver TwistB David CopperfieldC A Tale of Two CitiesD Great Expectations6. Sense and Sensibility is a ___ by ___.A play… Jane AustenB novel… Jane AustenC play… Emily BronteD novel… Anne Bronte7. In reading Shakespeare, you must have come across the line “T o be or not to be---that is the question” by___.A Iago in OthelloB Lear in King LearC Shylock in the Merchant of VeniceD Hamlet in Hamlet8. Robert Browning’s “My last Duchess” is composed in the form of a(n) ___.A dramatic monologueB extended metaphorC syllogistic argumentD dialogue9. Thomas Hardy wrote novels of __.A character and environmentB pure romanceC “stream of consciousness”D psychoanalysis10. “Wessex novels” refers to the novels written by ___.A Charles DickensB D.H. LawrenceC James JoyceD Thomas Hardy答案详解：1 选D“I wandered lonely as a cloud” 的作者是William Wordsworth; “Kubla Khan” 的作者是 Samuel Taylor Coleridge;“Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage” 的作者是 George Gordon Byron.《西风颂》（Ode to the west wind）是 Percy Bysshe Shelley(雪莱)的代表作，他的文论着作有《诗辩》（A Defense of Poetry。
2017年英语专业八级考试人文知识练习试题及答案
2017年英语专业八级考试人文知识练习试题及答案1.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?A RomanB Anglo-SaxonsC JutesD Celts2.The Hundred Years’War between Britain and France was fought ____.A from 1327 to 1453B from 1337 to 1453C from 1347 to 1453D from 1357 to 14533.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year ____A 1918B 1920C 1945D 19494.The English Civil War is also called ____A the Puritan RevolutionB the second Magna CartaC the Long ParliamentD the Anglican War5.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____ and the North Sea in the east,A eastB southC westD north6.The largest lake in Britain is ____.A. Loch LomondB the Lough NeaghC WindermereD Ullswater7.Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A In the HighlandsB In the central LowlandsC In the UplandsD In the west of Scotland8.The two important crops in Britain are ____A barley and cornB wheat and riceC barley and oatsD wheat and barley9 Which is the largest city in Scotland?A CardiffB EdinburghC GlasgowD Manchester10 Which is the correct name to use to refer to Britain in a political way?A Great BritainB The British IslesC The United KingdomD England答案1.D 凯尔特在公元前700年到英国，罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国，5世纪中期盎格鲁撒克逊人侵占英国，因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。
英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案
美国概况练习题：1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____.4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____.5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party.6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions.9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________.10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.练习题答案及题解:1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。
2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。
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2017年英语专业八级考试人文知识精
选练习题及答案4
1.Canada is the world’s ____country in terms of land area.
A. largest
B. second largest
C. third largest
D. fourth largest 2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?
A Margaret Thatcher
B Winston Churchill
C Horatio Nelson
D John Major
3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.
A Prime Minister
B Member of Parliament
C Lord of appeal
D Speaker of the House 4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
A the Labour Party
B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party
D the Social Democratic Party 5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
A largest
B second largest
C third largest
D fourth largest 6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.
A political
B educational
C military
D economic 7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
A globalization
B nationalization
C privatization
D competition 8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.
A coal mining
B iron and steel
C textiles
D shipbuilding 9The capital city of Canada is ____
A Montreal
B Toronto
C Albert
D Ottawa 10 _____ created the
industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.
A The Chartist Movement
B The Industrial Revolution
C The French Revolution
D The Glorious Revolution
答案及题解:
1.B 加拿大位于美国以北，是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家。
2 C, 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805)，英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。
后任地中海舰队司令，在
特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。
3 A, 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。
4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
5 B, 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。
6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。
包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。
8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。
英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
9 D.加拿大首都是渥太华，位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处，是加拿大的经济政治中心，同时也是加拿大的文化中心。
10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。
后来形成了工会制度。