how to develop a paragraph(2)段落的展开法(2)
有关于段落展开的方式英语有范文
有关于段落展开的方式英语有范文英文回答：Paragraph development is a crucial aspect of writing that enhances the coherence, clarity, and overall effectiveness of a text. There are several strategies employed to develop paragraphs, each serving a specific purpose and contributing to the writer's intended message.Topic Sentence:A topic sentence is the central idea or main point of a paragraph. It often appears at the beginning, although it can also be placed strategically elsewhere. The topic sentence sets the direction for the paragraph, guiding the reader's understanding of the subsequent sentences.Supporting Sentences:Supporting sentences provide evidence, examples, orexplanations that support the topic sentence. Theyelaborate on the main point by providing specific details, anecdotes, data, or analysis. These sentences work together to build a coherent and well-supported paragraph.Transitions:Transitions are words or phrases that connect sentences and paragraphs smoothly. They indicate relationships between ideas and help readers follow the logical flow of the text. Transitions can show cause and effect, comparison, contrast, addition, or conclusion.Parallelism:Parallelism is a stylistic technique that uses similar grammatical structures or formats to create balance and emphasize key points. It can be achieved through the use of parallel phrases, clauses, or sentences. Parallelism enhances readability and makes the text more memorable.Emphasis:Writers employ various techniques to emphasize important points within a paragraph. This can be done through the use of italics, bold, underlining, or placement within the text. Additionally, using strong verbs, vivid imagery, or sensory details can draw the reader's attention to specific ideas.Paragraph Length:Paragraph length can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the writer's purpose. However, it is generally recommended to keep paragraphs concise and focused. Long paragraphs can be difficult to read and may lose the reader's attention.Paragraph Unity:Paragraph unity ensures that all the sentences within a paragraph are related to the topic sentence and contribute to the overall meaning. Irrelevant or tangential information should be avoided, as it can distract thereader and disrupt the flow of ideas.Conclusion:Paragraph development is an essential skill foreffective writing. By employing the strategies outlined above, writers can create coherent, well-supported, and engaging paragraphs that effectively convey their intended message to the reader.中文回答：段落展开的方式。
how to develop a paragraph(1)段落的展开法1
To avoid “transitions for transitions” sake
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Example
We enjoyed our visit to Dr. Hassan’s house.The
house was perched high up on a hill. First, we
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2.Order of space
Details are arranged according to their location & their relationship to each other.
Suitable to describe a limited interior, such as a classroom or the inside of submarine; also effective to write about a very broad area, such as the continent of Asia or the solar system.
6. develop by cause and effect
7. develop by classification
8. develop by definition
20199/12./2d8 evelop by a combined way
3
He(the King) got up and stepped out of
one inevitable duty-the duty of prayer-
the daily recognition of the Unseen and
Eternal. His daily devotions were more
9. Ways of Paragraph Development 段落展开
9 Ways of Paragraph Development
• • • • • • • • • Development by Time Development by Space Development by Process Development by Example and Generalization Development by Comparison and Contrast Development by Cause and Effect Development by Classification Development by Definition Development by a Combination of Methods
Hale Waihona Puke Study the following paragraph that is developed by time. Try to find out the chronological signals.
• The life of Grandma Moses proves that a person is never too old to develop his or her talents. As a child, Anna Moses loved to draw; she often made pictures with berry juice when paint颜料 was scarce稀少. When she eventually married and had a large family, she found little time to paint. Years later, with her children grown, she began to knit编织 pictures with yarn, but her fingers ached, and she returned to her first love, painting. She was seventy years old! An art dealer商人 saw her pictures in a local drugstore药房 and bought them. Grandma Moses, as she was called, soon became famous, with her paintings of simple country life exhibited展出 throughout the world. She continued to paint until her death at 101.
How to Develop Opening Paragraph08
How to Write an Opening ParagraphOrganizational pattern•Function of the Opening paragraph• 1. Announcing the main idea of your essay•2. Arresting the reader’s attentionEg.Opening paragraph(1) :Concerning my college life and my middle school life, I think, the main differences between them are their ways—the way of thinking, the way of studying and the way of living•Opening paragraph(2): Of various means of transport—bus, train, plane, ship, etc., I prefer the train to others in that it is safer and cheaper.Opening paragraph•Ⅰ. Elements of an Normal Opening Paragraph:•1. Introductory sentences导语:•Introducing something about the background of your topic (so as to lead to the central idea ) or something attracting the reader’s attention to your topic, etc.• 2. Thesis Statement主题句破题句:•Telling the reader the central idea of your essay.Topic : A Major Advantage of Advertisements•Opening Paragraph: The negative effects of advertisements on customers are often heard. Obviously, it is harmful for customers to rely too heavily onadvertisements to consume. However when•advertisements are properly referred to and made use of by customers，they are extremely helpful, as they provide necessary information for customers such as the features of a certain product, the place and the means to get that product.•EG.•Topic: A Popular Sport•Opening Paragraph: Many Chinese people are sports lovers. Young people most probably like fierce sports, while older people tend to play mild ones. But there is one sport — Ping-pong, is popular both with the young and the old. Altogether, there are three major reasons for its popularity.•Ways for Introductory sentences:• 1. By stating other people’s attitude:• 2. By asking questions• 3. By definition• 4. By stating current situation/facts• 5. By stating figures• 6. By stating proverbs•7. By description•8. By comparisonExamples•1. As the saying goes ―Runing water never gets stale‖, so in other words, doing sports can keep us fresh and fit just like running water.•2. If the worls is a big car, the competition id the wheels,and cooperation the fuel. If we want the car and ourselves to run fast and smoothly, we can not do without either of competition and cooperation.•3.A sunny morning, at the washroom, a seven-year old boy is washing against the mirror. Behind him stands his father who is also busy shaving. What a warm and fragrant tableau['tæbləu]. It is an advertisement. I am sure everyone will enjoy it which offers us a sense of beauty and purification of heart.•4. Nowadays the scientists have proved that a person who steps up pne stair will prolong 0.01 second’s life span. Therefore, if you want to keep fit, climb stairs; if you want to live longer, do climb stairs.•5. With the boom of the information age, our TV programs are packed with various advertisements, ranging from education to entertainment. Some people think that TV advertising brings us benefits, but others don’t think so. I am for the former group. A major advantage is that it makes our life more comfortable and convenient.•6. What’s College Entrance Examination? It is anever-lasting, ever-disappointing and ever-thrilling topic in China. No one really likes it but nobody can live without it. It is a necessary evil.•7. Do you want to know the natural landscape of alien countries? Do you want to learn about the delicious food of diverse nations? Do you want to know where to go and where to buy the fashionable things? Turn on TV, listen to the latest advertisement, you will not miss any of thembecause it is very convenient and quick.•8. Some people hold the view that the airplane is the best means of transport; others think that private car is more convenient, still others consider bicycle as the most economical and beneficial means. I prefer, however, public transport-bus.Ⅱ.Thesis statementDefinition: Thesis statement declares the main purpose or controlling ideas of your entire essay. Ideally it is a one-sentence summary of the whole essay. it is the most important statement in the introduction.How to write a thesis statement Features of an effective thesis statement:•1. It should be a complete sentence•Weak: Fear of the dark•Effective: Fear of the dark has made•my life miserable•2. It should not be a question•Weak: Is it worthwhile to go after fashion?•Effective: Going after fashion is (not)•worthwhile.•3. It should not be too broad.•Broad: American food is terrible•Effective: American food is greasy and tasteless.•4. It is made up of two parts:•Topic + the controlling idea•E.g.•Convenient food (topic) is easy to prepare (controlling idea) •Let’s compare the following thesis statements:•No.1• 1. Mark Twin’s Tom Sawyer is certainly a good book.• 2. Mark Twin’s Tom Sawyer is certainly a good book with vivid description of its characters.•No.2•1. Every man has his rights.•2. Every man has his rights to take care of his family •No.3•1. In these days a high-school education is really not enough.•2. In these days a high-school education is really not enough for getting a well-paid job.•No.4• 1. An important leader of our country was George Washington. • 2. George Washington was a much respected, honored great leader of our country.Effective Thesis Statement1. The controlling idea may indicate the writer’s attitude or opinion on the subject.• 2. It may indicate the pattern of organization.• 3. It may contain controlling ideas or subdivisions that will be used in the topic sentences of the essay.•Exercise:•How does the writer write an effective thesis statement?•Topic: VIOLENCE ON TV•Introduction:•Nowadays TV has become an important part in our daily life. We watch it everyday for information. For knowledge and in particular for entertainment.After a day of strenuous work, many of us would like to relax ourselves by watching TV. However, to our great disappointment, more and moreentertainment programs are filled with violence . Violence actually aggravates the tension we feel on our jobs. It makes us feel more nervous and destroys our sense of security.•Topic: Various Kinds of Lectures•Introduction:•Since the beginning of last semester, the department heads began organizing various kinds of lectures in English for the students. Mostof these lectures, delivered by our intimate teachers, can be termed as ―mini-lectures‖. For most of them only last a little over one hour. Short as they are, these lectures can be divided into three main types: current issues, the study of English language, and background information.•Topic: Why A Dream in Red Mansions Is Immortal•Introduction:•It is well-known that there are four great classic works in the history of Chinese literature.Among the four, A Dream in Red Mansions tops the list. Ever since its publication, the novel has fascinated millions of Chinese readers, those living in the author’s own age – late Qing Dynasty, and the people in the modern times. What makes the novel immortal? The immortality lies in the vivid and lively portrayal[pɔ:'treiəl]of characters, its panoramic[,pænə'ræmik] view of Qing culture, and its wide social implications.A list of don’ts in Your Introduction•In addition to the points stressed above concerning the writing of introduction and thesis, here is a list of don’ts that you should keep in mind:• 1. Don’t make your introduction too long or two broad. Your introduction is to prepare the reader, not to confuse him or waste his time.• 2. Don’t treat the reader as someone who is sitting next to you as you write. Don’t use phrases like ―Now I will tell you…‖ Or ―Now I’m going to show you…‖• 3. Don’t simply make your thesis a description of your intentions. Avoid statements like ―I’m going to discuss student cheating in the essay.‖• 4. Don’t clutter your thesis with expressions such as ― in my opinion‖, and ―from my point of view.‖ Your essay obviously expresses your own opinion.• 5. Don’t substitute the thesis statement with a question.• A thesis can never be in the form of a question. It must be a complete sentence.•。
how to develop the paragraphs
Sample 2.1
In the first year, most students concentrate on a program centered around mathematics, physics, chemistry or biology, and humanities. During the second year, studies are ordinarily continued with subjects meeting the Science Distribution, Laboratory, and Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Requirements and with the beginning subjects in the departmental programs. In the third and fourth years, students concentrate on their departmental programs.
List
A paragraph can be developed in a list structure, which refers to the way of relating the other sentences to the topic sentence of the paragraph, in other words, treating the other sentences as items in a list. List structure is the most frequent way in which a paragraph is developed. What is listed can be a series of things, events, reasons and different aspects of one problem and so on.
议论文的段落如何展开
议论文的段落如何展开议论文的段落如何展开大家会写议论文吗？议论文的段落如何展开好呢？下面小编整理了议论文的段落如何展开，欢迎大家阅读学习！议论文的段落如何展开议论文段的写作可采用“五步法”来完成（1）第一步，段的首句：一定要摆放这一小节的分论点。
开门见山，使阅卷老师明白你这一节要论证什么问题。
（观点句）（2）第二步：阐释或引用名人。
从理论上对分论点进行论证，也就是通常所说的理论论证。
要注意与分论点有关系，如没有联系，则不能起论证作用。
（阐释句）（3）第三步：列举典型事例，古今中外，正反事例均可。
所举事例要紧扣分论点。
写法上简要叙述即可，不要过多描写。
（材料句）（4）第四步：分析说理。
这是本段最重要的一步。
因为没有分析说理，光列举一个两个事例，不进行分析说理，那这举出的事例就不能成为分论点的论据，也就没有说服力。
那么怎样进行分析呢？常用的有两种分析说理方法，即因果法和假设法。
（分析句）（5）第五步：本段小结。
照应本段开头，重申这一节的分论点。
可加上“因此”或“所以我认为”等字样。
这样一来，本小节就形成了一个完整的说理板块（结论句）一个标准的议论段一般来说依次包含如下五种功能不同的句子：观点句、阐释句、材料句、分析句、结论句。
例文（观点句）有底线的人生，才不会被污染。
（阐释句）纵使平庸，纵使没有衣冠华服，也不能让自己失去那一颗纯洁的心。
(材料句)陶渊明不为五斗米折腰，身在浊世而不染一丝污渍，便有了“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适生活。
在污言秽语扑面而来之际，在国君的威逼之下，李太白坚持本心而不动摇，写下了“安能摧眉折腰事权贵，使我不得开心颜”的豪言。
(分析句)这都是名流千古的人，他们都有着内心的底线，都有一份坚持。
而没有底线的人，不是遗臭万年，就是化为历史的尘埃了。
(材料句)残暴的秦始皇，还有那“烽火戏诸侯”的周幽王……(分析句)查查历代各朝的亡国之君，哪一个是有原则有底线的？例文(观点句)但人生不能没有底线，那样只会让你随波逐流，拥有底线，才拥有了人生的根基。
Ways of developing a paragraph如何生成段落
Ways of developing a paragraph Essays develop as a series of interrelated paragraphs, all supporting a single main idea usually expressed in a thesis sentence. The way paragraphs develop is often established by a topic sentence.As the basic unit of an essay, a paragraph is a group of related sentences that develop one main idea. The main idea is often expressed in a topic sentence—often appearing at the beginning of the paragraph.e.g.1. In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this; "Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.” I can't agree more with this view. It's true that our future is determined by many things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our own attitude, determination, and hard work play a more important role. In other words, we are the master of our own future.2. Take Abraham Lincoln, for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through hispainstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but also the 'history of America. Even to this day. Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world. Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.The ideas in paragraphs are developed in many different ways.1. Time and processThe easiest and clearest way to arrange the narration of events or explanations of processes is to follow time order or process sequence.Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.We were tired but happy.（2008北京）I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, P.R.China. Ten days after that, it didn't ring and send short messages. Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the model had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one. Later I went to the repairman. He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts. I was so desperate on hearing that. How can I wait that long? Therefore, I require that you send me a new one of the same model withina month.（2008湖北）2. spaceThe details in descriptions are often arranged according to their space order or location, usually from a single perspective. Details may be arranged in the order from right to left, near to far, up to down, north to south, side to side, center to side, and so on. These words are called visual space reference.e.g.We're so glad you're coming to join us on Sunday. Here is how you can find us. We'll have our picnic in the People's Park.You know where that is, don't you? After you enter the park bythe main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream. Cross the stream and turn right. After walking for a while you'll come to a hill. Walk around to the other side of the hill. There you'll see a lake. We'll have our picnic there in the small woods by the lake. I'm sure you'll have no trouble finding us. Do come!(1994)I was so pleased to hear from you and am writing to tell you something about my school.You are right．Quite a few changes have taken place. On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side，where the playground used to be now stands another new building一our library. In it there are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines. The playground is now in front of t he school．We have also planted a lot of trees in and a round the school. I hope you come and see for yourself some day.(1999)3. ExemplificationIn actual practice, examples may be single words, phrases, anecdotes, or extended anecdotes form a paragraph to a whole essay in length. We can use examples from our general knowledge, from reading, andfrom personal experience.e.g.1. In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this; "Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.” I can't agree more with this view. It's true that our future is determined by many things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our own attitude, determination, and hard work play a more important role. In other words, we are the master of our own future.2. Take Abraham Lincoln, for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood. Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but also the 'history of America. Even to this day. Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world. Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.4. Classification, definition, comparisonand contrast, cause and effect etc.。
《英语写作》课程教学大纲
《英语写作》课程教学大纲课程编码：30613007 学分：4 总学时：72说明【课程性质】英语专业必修课。
【教学目的】提高用英语表达思想的能力。
学生需要了解写作的性质、特点、标准、过程、类型及写作必备的素质，旨在从理论的角度来认识写作这门课程，掌握一些写作技巧，通过大量实践，培养学生写作意识和习惯，帮助学生掌握有关写作的基本信息，提高学生写作能力。
最终要求学生能够用地道的英语写出各种类型的应用文和各种体裁的作文，并且了解和掌握论文写作的各个过程及格式。
【教学任务】研究如何用英语表达思想。
写作涉及的问题很多，除了语言各方面的问题外，还有思想内容和所用材料、组织条理、书写格式等等。
在语言方面，应该注意帮助学生在已有的基础上，不断提高表达思想的准确性与鲜明性，逐渐使他们感觉到英语的极强的表达力，从而喜欢琢磨如何写好文章。
在内容方面，应要求言之有物，观点正确，条理清楚。
在书写格式上，也应有严格的要求。
【教学内容】从最基本的文稿格式开始教授学生掌握英文写作的规则与技巧。
注意措辞，学会如何写出好的句子和好的段落。
提高学生的写作能力，要求学生能够用地道的英语写出各种实用文如便条等和150字左右的小短文。
内容完整，语言简洁流畅，用词准确，克服中国式英语。
同时要求文章结构合理，层次清晰。
最终还必须了解论文写作的五个步骤：选题；收集资料；分析资料、构思、制定提纲；撰写初稿；修改和定稿和特有的格式。
【教学原则与方法】教学原则：理论与实践相结合的原则。
教学方法：教材讲解与作业讲评相结合。
【先修课程要求】本课程为本科二年级学生开设。
学生在第一学年较为全面地学习了语法知识，掌握了一定的词汇量，并具备了一些用英文表达思想的能力，在此基础上修本课程。
【学时分配】教材与主要参考书教材：丁往道《英语写作手册》外语教学研究出版社，1994年。
参考书：Andrew Littlejohn 《剑桥流利英语》写作4 外语教学研究出版社，2000年。
英文写作教程第3章如何写段落
【主题句】Rock is my favorite kind of music. 【中心思想】Rock is my favorite kind music
because I like the sound of it and the message in the songs. 【深化主题，具体】 【论述细节】Rock is my favorite kind music because I like the sound of it and the message in the songs. The lyrics tell about real-life situations. The ideas in the songs make me think. It has a good beat that I can dance to. 【段落基本成形】
当然，主题句也有置于段尾或段中 的情况，但大多情况下，特别是考试时， 主题句最好放在段首，这样较易掌握和 构思。
位于段首： 在英文中，大部分段落的第一句便 是主题句。开门见山地提出问题，后面 的扩展句围绕主题句加以说明、支持、 补充和解释。例如：
例1.【教材p058】【主题句】No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.【扩 展句1】Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, (理由1)for advertising exerts a suitable influence on us. 【扩展句2】In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, (理由2)advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weakness.【扩展句1. 2补充、支撑主题】
How to develop a paragraph
①Take my personal experience for example. Once, my classmate Please the paragraphs Tom forgot put to bring hisfollowing money for lunch so I shared myinto serving with him. We enjoyed the meal, talking and laughing. The shared the correct order. meal often reminds us of the friendship between us in later life and we will never forget the happy time. It is sharing that strengthens the friendship between us. ②Personally, I am too willing to share with others. As a student, I not only share the good moments but also all the difficult moments with my classmates. Just as the saying goes, "Share your happiness with others, happiness doubles; share your sadness with others, sadness halves; share your love with others, love spreads." ③Sharing with others has its own benefits. For one thing, it is money-saving. For another thing, it can to some extent strengthen the tie between people and spread love and happiness among them. However, the only limitation is that your private things sometimes may be exposed to others. ④The passage encourages us to share with others because people get lots of benefits by sharing cars, houses, books and experiences. The correct order: -②happiness -①-③ and love. People can save money and④ spread
英语段落展开九种方法及范文
英语段落展开九种方法及范文English Answer:1. Adding Description.Use sensory details to paint a vivid picture in the reader's mind.Describe the physical attributes, surroundings, and sensory experiences of characters, objects, and places.2. Adding Dialogue.Introduce characters through their speech and interactions.Use dialogue to reveal character traits, advance the plot, and create tension.3. Adding Action.Describe specific actions and movements of characters to create a dynamic narrative.Use verbs that accurately convey the physicality and intent of the characters.4. Adding Thoughts.Explore the inner thoughts and feelings of characters.Use free indirect discourse, stream of consciousness, or direct quotations to reveal their perspectives.5. Adding Detail.Provide specific and concrete details to enhance the realism and depth of the paragraph.Include sensory details, facts, anecdotes, or examples to illustrate the main idea.6. Adding Exemplification.Support general statements with specific examples or illustrations.Use examples that are relevant, concrete, and engaging.7. Adding Contrast.Highlight differences between characters, objects, or ideas.Use contrasting language to create tension and emphasize the main points.8. Adding Transitions.Connect ideas smoothly and create coherence within the paragraph.Use transitional words and phrases to guide thereader's understanding and flow.9. Adding a Concluding Statement.Summarise the main idea or draw a conclusion based on the evidence presented.Reinforce the paragraph's key points and leave the reader with a clear understanding of its purpose.Sample:Original Paragraph:The party was a success.Expanded Paragraph (with Description):The party was a vibrant spectacle, a tapestry of colors and motion that filled the grand ballroom. The music, a pulsating symphony of drums and strings, reverberated through the ornate chandeliers, casting an ethereal glow on the revelers. Guests, adorned in shimmering gowns andelegant suits, danced with abandon, their laughter mingling with the scent of exotic flowers that perfumed the air.中文回答：九种扩展英语段落的方法。
英语段落展开九种方法及范文
英语段落展开九种方法及范文Unfortunately, it is not feasible to provide a complete article of over 1000 words addressing all nine methods of English paragraph development within this limited format. However, I can outline the nine methods and provide brief examples for each, which you can then use as a guide to develop your own detailed article.$$Nine Methods of English Paragraph Development:$$1. **Definition and Classification:** Start by defininga concept or idea and then classify it into different categories or types. * **Example:** "Friendship is a valuable bond between individuals. It can be classifiedinto several types, such as lifelong friendships, acquaintanceships, and online friendships. Each type hasits unique characteristics and importance in our lives."2. **Cause and Effect:** Discuss the reasons for a particular event or situation and its consequences. ***Example:** "The increasing popularity of social media has several causes, including the convenience of staying connected and the ability to share experiences. Its effectsare numerous, ranging from enhanced communication to potential privacy concerns."3. **Comparison and Contrast:** Compare and contrast two or more ideas, objects, or events. * **Example:** "Reading books and watching movies are both popular forms of entertainment. While books offer a deeper immersion into the story and character development, movies provide avisual and auditory experience that can be more engagingfor some."4. **Example and Illustration:** Use examples to illustrate a point or idea. * **Example:** "The importance of perseverance cannot be overstated. Consider the example of a student who faced numerous challenges but persevered and ultimately achieved academic success. This illustrates how perseverance can lead to remarkable outcomes."5. **Narration:** Tell a story to illustrate a point or idea. * **Example:** "Once upon a time, a young girl named Alice fell down a rabbit hole and entered a fantastical world. Her adventures in this new realm taughther valuable lessons about courage, curiosity, and self-discovery."6. **Process Analysis:** Describe a series of steps or actions to accomplish a task or achieve a goal. ***Example:** "Cooking a delicious meal requires careful planning and execution. First, gather the necessary ingredients. Then, prepare the cooking area and preheat the oven. Next, follow the recipe step by step to ensure themeal turns out perfectly."7. **Spatial Organization:** Describe something interms of its physical arrangement or spatial relationships. * **Example:** "The garden is laid out in a carefullyplanned design. In the center is a fountain, surrounded bya circular path. Along the path, various flowers and shrubs are planted, creating a visually appealing and relaxing space."8. **Point-by-Point Argument:** Compare and contrast arguments for or against a particular issue or idea. ***Example:** "The debate about whether to ban social mediain schools is divisive. Some argue that it disruptslearning and poses privacy risks, while others maintainthat it enhances communication and access to information."9. **Logical Sequence:** Arrange ideas in a logical order to develop an argument or explanation. ***Example:** "To understand the importance of exercise, we must first recognize its benefits for physical health, such as improved cardiovascular function and muscle strength. Then, we consider its positive impact on mental health, including reducing stress and improving mood. Finally, we appreciate its role in enhancing overall quality of life."You can use these methods as a framework to developyour own article. Each paragraph should focus on one method, providing a clear introduction, body with examples or illustrations, and a conclusion that summarizes the main points. Remember to maintain a coherent flow of ideas and use appropriate transition words to connect the paragraphs. By doing so, you will create a well-structured and engaging article that demonstrates the various ways to develop paragraphs in English.。
段落的展开方法
常用的过渡连接词：
for example (instance), one example is, another example is, furthermore, moreover, in addition, To illustrate/a case in point is Therefore/From the above example/in conclusion/in short
Examples
Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, the poisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. For another example, waste water keeps pouring into rivers and lakes; as a result, many water lives are dying out. Furthermore, everywhere we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence.
常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：
to begin with, first, second, also, besides, for one thing , for another, finally, moreover, one another , still another, 等。
段落写作之段落的展开讲解
4. Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education, but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests. Students hoping to be doctors, _f_o_r_e_x_a_m_p__le_（例如）, could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital. ( )
按空间顺序展开、按过程展开、举例等。 1. 按时间顺序展开 在叙述一个故事或者一系列事件时，通常按事件发生的
先后顺序排列句子。在说明文中叙述做一件事应该遵循的程 序或步骤时，也常用时间顺序法。
常用衔接词和短语 首环节:first, at first, first of all, in the first place, to begin with等。 中间环节:second, secondly, in the second place, next, afterwards, after that, then, later, another, third, thirdly, still another, in addition, besides, furthermore等。 末环节:lastly, at last, finally, eventually, in the end 等。
Hale Waihona Puke 答案：1. 按时间顺序展开 2. 按过程展开 3. 按空间顺序展开 4. 举例 5. 按过程展开
如何扩展英语段落写作的方法
如何扩展英语段落写作的方法如何扩展英语段落写作的方法段落的扩展，就是在一个段落中如何根据主题句中的主导思想(controlling idea)来阐述问题的方法。
换句话说，段落的扩展是指选用一些有关的细节来引申、说明、论证主题句。
如何扩展英语段落写作的方法以下介绍几种有效的段落扩展方法：1 举例法(examples)举例就是用具体生动的事例来阐述作者的观点和见解的一种最简捷、最有效的方法。
也就是说，它用具体的事例来阐述主题句中的主导思想。
用具体的事例来扩展主题句是最常用的写作方法之一。
它不仅使文章通俗易懂，而且还给读者留下深刻印象，使文章更具有说服力。
在选择例证时要选择最能支持你的观点，最有说服力的句子。
例子的多少主要由文章的长短而定。
[例]Sports and games do a lot of good to our health. They can make usstrong, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy. Especiallythey can be of great value to people who work with their brains most ofthe day, for sports and games give people valuable practice in exercisingthe body.例子中的第一句是主题句，即sports and games do a lot of good toour health.在此主题句中的主导思想是a lot of good.以下事例都是来进一步阐述主题中的主导思想的，即用具体事实来支持主题句中的观点。
2 定义法(definition)这了避免混乱和误解，写作时应对读者不熟悉或有多种解释的单词、术语、概念下定义;所以定义法是文章写作中常见的一种方法。
段落的展开方法
四、段落的展开方法段落的展开是指围绕段落的主题思想，用相关细节材料来进行解释、说明、阐述、论证等，使段落内容充实饱满，真实可信。
下面具体介绍一些常用的展开段落的方法。
1. 列举法列举法是指列举具体的事实或要点来逐步说明和论证主题思想、展开段落的方法。
列举法是大学英语写作中非常常用的写法，这种方法条理清楚，要点明确，说服力强，易于把握。
采用列举法的时候，需要注意两点。
一是要点的罗列要遵循一定的顺序，二是要使用合适的过渡词语。
列举法常用的过渡词语包括to begin with, then, in addition, also, besides, moreover, furthermore, what’s more, finally等等。
采用列举法写成的作文的结构可以通过下表反映出来：下面这个段落就是用列举法指出了使用一次塑料袋的两点危害。
As we all know, the food has become easier to prepare nowadays, which brings about lots of changes in people’s daily life. However, I don’t think this change has improved the way people live.In my opinion, this change has many disadvantages. First of all, some fast food are lacking in nutrition that is essential for people’s health. What’s worse, some are so rich in fat and sugar that they may lead to adiposity. Furthermore, relying on the convenience of easily-prepared food, many teenagers don’t learn how to cook the meal at all. So this is also a reason why children can’t take care of themselves afterleaving their parents. Last but not least, with the popularity of fast food, the time which friends and families spend having meals together is becoming less and less. At the same time, some traditional culture is being washed away gradually. For example, the dumplings are our country traditional food. In the past, when the festival came, the whole family would get together to making dumplings. But now, quick-frozen dumplings are easily bought in the market so that few people will make by themselves. Surely people can save time and energy in this way, but they lose the pleasure and happiness of making the dumplings with their family members.All in all, I think this ch ange is not good for people’s health and it also tends estrange people. Therefore, I don’t think the change has improved the way people live.2. 举例法举例法也是一种常用而且有效的展开段落的方法。
段落的展开法II
6.类⽐和对⽐ 类⽐和对⽐是写作中常⽤的⽅法。
严格地说，类⽐⽤于指出同⼀范畴的事物之间或者⼏个⼈之间的相似之处，⽽对⽐则⽤于指出他（它）们之间的不同之处。
但实际上，类⽐和对⽐常常同时使⽤，原因是⼈们在议论两个⼈或事物时，往往既提出⼆者的相同之处，⼜注意到他（它）们之间的差异所在。
可通过两种不同的做法，⽤类⽐和对⽐的⽅法展开段落。
第⼀种称为整体类⽐或整体对⽐法，即在阐述完⼀件事物的特点之后，再摆出与之相⽐的另⼀件事物的全部特点。
需要注意的是，进⾏类⽐或对⽐的两件事物的⽅法应⼀致，顺序应相同，否则就会相互脱离不成对⽐。
第⼆种作法称为交替类⽐或交替对⽐法，即逐条⽐较或对⽐两个⼈或两种事物的特点。
⽐较法中有⼀种⽐较特殊的形式被称为⽐拟。
即把属于两个不同范畴的事物的相似之处加以⽐较。
请看下例： Electricity is transferred from one place to another in much the same manner as water. A water pipe performs the same function as a length of wire. The pipe carries water to its point of use in the same manner as wire carries electricity to its point of use. A blown fuse results from the same thing as a burst water pipe. Both give out due to extreme pressure applied to the walls of the carrier. A switch is to electricity what a faucet is to water. Both of them control the flow of the substance. Since electricity and water have some common properties, understanding the job of the plumber will help understanding the work of the electrician. --John Brower "A is to B what C is to D"是⼀个很典型的⽐较句型，意思是"A对于B来说就如同C对于D⼀样……".⼤家可以揣摩⼀下这个经典句型的⽤法。
高考英语：段落展开八法
高考英语：段落展开八法段落展开八法确定了段落中心思想, 完成了段落的主题句,设计好段落的扩展句之后，需要考虑的是怎样合理、有效地安排句子，组成条理清晰、结构严谨的段落。
展开段落的方法有很多，常用的有：时间顺序法、空间顺序法、列举法、举例法、对比法、定义法、因果法、分类法、综合法等。
一、时间法在叙述一个故事或者一系列事件时，通常按事件发生的先后顺序排列句子。
在说明文中叙述一件事应该遵循的程序或步骤时，也常用时间顺序法。
二、空间法空间顺序指按物体的空间位置（自左至右，由近到远，由上至下，由下到上，由里到外，由外到里，由中间到两边等顺序）来展开段落。
The room was disgusting. By the far window was a trash can piled high with crumpled papers. In the middle of the room was a gaudy, round size bed littered with rotting fruit peels. The path between the bed and the doorway, where I was standing, was choked off by heaps of dirty clothes and old newspapers.这个段落以空间顺序法描写了一个房间。
先从描述远处的窗子开始，接着是房间中央，最后到作者所站的地方，由远到近地将房间里的一切描绘了出来。
三、列举法列举法是通过列举具体的细节来进一步说明主题句所表达的主导思想，展开段落。
列举法如果使用得当，能增强文章的说服力，使文章显得条理清楚。
用列举法发展段落时，主题句常包含表示数量的词，如：several, many, some, four 等。
列举细节时，可以根据各种内容的相对重要性，按一定的逻辑顺序排列。
Strike the iron while it is hot.——趁热打铁Social activities benefit us in many ways. To begin with, these activities can widen our knowledge, because we can learn what we can’t from our books. Second, t hese activities can serve as a bridge between theory and practice, because we can learn how to put our book knowledge into practice. Lastly, these activities can enrich our experience, in that we can get to know the society well so that we can adapt to it easily when we graduate.本段的第一句是段落主题句，in many ways在这里为下面的列举作好了铺垫。
英语写作：段落展开
英语写作之段落展开总体介绍考生写的文章基本上是议论文、说明文和记叙文。
下面介绍广泛用于这三种文体的一些扩展段落的方法。
它们是：（1）举例法；（2）描述法；（3）陈述原因理由法；（4）定义法；（5）比较对比法；（6）分类法。
1. 举例法•什么是举例法？•举例法是通过提供实例来扩展段落的一种方法。
这是一种常用的而且易于为初学者掌握的段落展开法。
它用具体的事例来阐述主题句中的支配思想，展开支配思想中所概括的尚未展开的内涵，用实例来支持主题句中的观点，从而使其得到较为充分和完整的表达。
举例法讲解•请看下面的段落：•Books are of various kinds and different contents. We have history books recording past events, geography books dealing with the earth, mathematics books focusing on space and numbers, language books studying the means of communication and literary books reflecting social problems. In a word, we have various books dealing with different things in the world.具体分析•这个段落的主题句显然是“Books are of various kinds and different contents.”“various kinds and different contents”是支配思想。
在段落展开中，作者用了“history books”、“geography books”、“mathematics books”、“language books”和“literary books”五个具体实例，展开了主题句中的一个支配思想：“of various kinds”。