自考高级英语上册Lesson_11
自考高级英语上册 lesson 11课后答案
On Getting Off to Sleepby J.B. Priestley课后练习(Exercises on the text)A.1. The author thinks that humor: can save grace of us andweshould die of vexation without it.2.Yea.3.No. .4. No.5. No.6. The author thinks that the matter of sleep can bestillustrate the contrariness of things.7. He can do anything but sleep when he lies between thesheets at a late hour.8. The author thinks that the best way of inducing sleep isto imagine a dialogue with a friend, whose task ,withoutanything like fancy and wit, is boring.B.1．人是一个矛盾的集合体！2．我们的思想和头脑中的意象是完全有形的东西。
3．我过去常常怀着惊奇的心情去读那些吹捧好战的超人的故事……4．人为的催眠法有很多，但都不灵。
5．当她的大脑对这种单调的生活感到厌倦时，睡眠自然就会来。
6．她最喜欢的方法就是想象一幅画在墙上没挂正，她去把它弄正。
7．但是我还没有放弃寻找加快睡眠的方法。
8. 今天晚上，我就要抛弃诸如数跳羊和扶歪画之类的想象。
C.1. clenched2. refreshed3. straighten4. remonstrated5. of no avail6. eventual7. meditated8. inhumanD.1. contradiction2. dim3. tormented4. induces5. meditated6. literal7. imaginary8. crookedE.1. the opposites in a contradiction2. go on shilly-shally3 .inconsistent provocation4. come in continuous crowds5. coming out6. considering these words to be true, I would do accordingto the fables.7. protest8.lullingF.Someone will sleep as soon as his head touches the pillow. Someone will pass hours in sleeplessness in bed. The very actof concentration makes him more wakeful than ever. 1 belongto the latter. I die of sleepiness when I write. But when I getinto bed, 1 can do anything but sleep. I can compose grand symphonies, paint magnificent pictures and write wonderful articles. The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legionbut are only alike in their ineffectuality. When 1 can't sleepat night, I imagine a dialogue with an imaginary friend till 1 either laugh or fall asleep. I find that it answers to induce sleep.G.In this essay, sleeplessness is talked about ironically. Therefore, touches of humour and exaggerations can be seen here and there. For instance, "… stare at the reproachfully blank paper…", "sleep is a coy mistress, much given to a teasing inconsistency …" Reading these, the audienc e can' t help laughing. In the mean time, the author's meaning is forcefully conveyed. One example will suffice to show that the author isa master of exaggeration. In the essay, he said, "When I am in the humour, I can compose grand sy mphonies …" In this way, the author's ideas are vividly presented. According to the author, insomnia is an agony. But it is praiseworthy. It shows the man lacks no sympathy or depth if he suffers from sleeplessness. On the other hand, those who find no difficulty in falling asleepare inhuman and are lacking in depth.。
高级英语第一册 11课后答案
高级英语第一册 11课后答案高级英语第一册 11课后答案IV.1)anemia 2)anesthesia 3)behavior 4)favorite5)check 6)center 7)meter 8)defense 9)dialog10)gram 11) program 12)modeled 13)practice14)maneuver 15)Moslem 16)fulfillV .1)shame, disgrace 2)speed up the lowering of the quality 3)horrible, shocking/disgusting, very bad 4)quotations 5)difference, disagreement 6)forces 7)removed, taken away/irrelevant, not essential 8) given up, neglected9)listeners 10) wordiness 11)increase 12)removal Vl.1)to see sth. as 2)hoax 3)to charge 4)to set up5)to follow 6)quotation 7)to limit 8)to record9)current 10)distinction 11)to be the business of Ⅶ.1)Life regarded the dictionary being full of words that have not come to be accepted.2)The difference...is by no means insignificant, it is basic.3) Modern linguistics take Leonard Bloomfield's Language (1933)as its authority.4)But if so, he has made unconsciously one of the biggest mistakes one is liable to make in dictionary making.5)Anyone who tries to sort out the many meanings now included under door may have to sacrifice brevity to accuracy.6)And, sure enough, in the definition which made the Post angry... Ⅷ.1)alliteration and sarcasm 2)assonance and antithesis 3)metonymy 4) metonymy 5) synecdoche 6) sarcasm7)synecdoche 8)But one thing is certain：anyone who…nonsense．Ⅹ．1)我们已达成了协议。
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案篇一：高级英语第一册课后Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI．1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper— smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don t really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, mooise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it． (adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation s capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany s mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doing a little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。
高级英语Lesson 11 第1-3段
Lesson 11 – 第1-3段组长苑力超，组员潘家琪，刘欢欢段落重点词汇和表述1.A single knoll rises out of the plain in Oklahoma, north and west of the Wichita Range. For my people, the Kiowas, it is an old landmark, and they gave it the name Rainy Mountain. Th e hardest weather in the world is there. Winter brings blizzards, hot tornadic winds arise in the spring, and in summer the prairie is an anvil's edge. The grass turns brittle and brown, and it cracks beneath your feet. There are green belts along the rivers and creeks, linear groves of hickory and pecan, willow and witch hazel. At a distance in July or August the steaming fol iage seems almost to writhe in fire. Great green-andyellow grasshoppers are everywhere in the tall grass, popping up like corn to stingthe flesh, and tortoises crawl about on the red earth, going nowhere in the plenty of time. Lo neliness is an aspect of the land. All things in the plain are isolate; there is no confusion of o bjects in the eye, but one hill or one tree or one man. To look upon that landscape in the e arly morning, with the sun at your back, is to lose the sense of proportion. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where Creation was begun.…词语用法knoll n. a small natural hill 小山There is a bower on the Knoll.小山上有一个凉亭。
高级英语(第三版)第一册第十一课 The Way to Rainy Mountain
Detailed Analysis of the Text
Paragraph 2
• The author explains his purpose of his visit to Rainy Mountain: to be at his grandmother’s grave. This paragraph serves as a transitional link between the description of the land in Paragraph 1 and the narration of his grandmother’s and his people’s stories in the following paragraphs.
• Warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival.
The Kiowa often fought just because they felt that war was sacred because it could demonstrate their courage and strength, because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving.
Structure of the Text
Part I: Paras 1-3: introduction to the whole text
高级英语1 lesson 11
Discussion
Para. 19-21 What's the Post's editorial's attitude to the definition of "door" offered by the Third International? Explain "takes the plain, downright, man-in-thestreet attitude". Para. 22-23 What's the biggest booby traps mentioned in the first sentence? Why was Dr. Johnson ridiculed?
China’s Army of graduates is struggling A Vermont Senator becomes a Twitter Senator
Discussion
Para 14 What is the full truth about American English today? How would you understand "certainty is impossible and simplification is misleading“? Para 15-18 What kind of facts should the dictionary record? What does the writer say about pronunciation?
“..it (life) is a tale Told by an idiot, full of Sound and fury Signifying nothing.” -Macbeth, Act V, Scene IV the novel Sound and Fury---William Faulkner
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案
大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案1）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。
The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modeled on a garden in Wuxi.2）他号召孩子们以 ___英雄为榜样。
He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes.3）这本书应归入哲学类。
This work may be related to philosophy.4）本杰明·富兰克林不仅是政治家，而且还是科学家、发明家。
Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman.5）他把每次试验的结果都记在本子上。
He set down all the findings of every experiment in his notebook.6）你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？Can you sum up the central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms?7）我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。
We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.8）年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手里还紧握着枪。
The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to a gun.9）该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。
The said pany will furnishthem with lodging and transportation.10）车速限制在每小时55公里之内。
高级英语 Lesson 11 But What's a Dictionary for
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that this nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate…we cannot consecrate…we cannot hallow…this ground. The brave men,living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The worldwill little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us…that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people,for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
【ppt课件】高级英语课件第十一课
4. stature:originally a person’s bodily height. Figuratively,
mental or moral quality , development, growth, or level of
attainment, especially as worthy of esteem. Not to be confused
doesn't accelerate. 尽管人们努力想根除腐败，但腐败现象仍存在着，虽然 没有恶化。
Precipitate表示通常引起某事突然地或在时机未成熟时发 生的突然性或匆促性：
The mere mention of the issue precipitated an outburst of indignation during the meeting. 会议上刚一提到这件事就引发了一阵愤怒
dictionary.
flagrant:conspicuously bad, offensive, or reprehensible: 臭名远扬的，丑恶可耻的、讨人厌的
flagrant glaring gross egregious rank:These adjectives refer
to what is conspicuously bad or offensive flagrant crime 滔天罪行 a glaring error; 明显的错误；
deluge of words滔滔不绝的话
After me the D-! After us the D-! (死)后(之)事与我何干! 14. monstrous: ( colloquial )quite absurd,scandalous adj.巨大的, 怪异的, 恐怖的, 凶暴的 adj.<口>难以置信的, 荒谬的 15. abominable : disgusting 16. cause ( for dismay ): a reason, motive or ground for some action or feeling, etc, . Especially sufficient reason (cause for complaint ) When cause means something producing an effect or result, it is followed by the preposition of , e.g. causes of the traffic accidents. 17. They doubted that : “ Lincoln could have modelled his Gettysburg Address” on it: They didn’t believe that Lincoln could have written his famous Gettysburg Address with the language described in the Third International as model.
自考高级英语上册
Make for
• 导致；有助于；走向 • He rose from his seat and made for the door. 他起身向门口走去。 • A happy parent makes for a happy child. 幸福的家长造就幸福的孩子。
Five ports of knowledge
Vexation n. 苦恼；恼怒；令人烦恼 的事
• Vexation is a feeling of being annoyed, puzzled, and frustrated. 恼火 • 例： He kicked the broken machine in vexation. 他懊恼得踢了这台坏机器一脚。
• • • • • --You should only compare like with like. 只应在同类事务中做比较。 I’ve never seen the like of it. 我从未见过这种事。 Jazz, rock and the like.
Thanks to: owing to, due to
• • • •
Induce: bring about, cause 招致,引起 illness induced by overwork Too much food induces sleepiness. Induce: persuade or influence sb. to do sth.bring about引诱；诱导,劝诱 We couldn’t induce the old lady to travel by air. Nothing shall induce me to join their club. Tempt: persuade sb to do sth wrong or foolish 诱惑, 引诱, 怂恿 --He was tempted into a life of crime by greed and laziness.
高级英语(1)第三版 Lesson 11 The Way to Rainy Mountain 翻译答案知识分享
高级英语(1)第三版L e s s o n11T h e W a y t o R a i n y M o u n t a i n翻译答案Lesson 111.政治局势的新变化使得这两个比较小的政党结成了联盟。
2.他的失败在于他的性情而不是能力。
3.我有个重要问题想和你讨论。
你能抽出半个小时吗？4.有很多人喜欢在网上聊天，这样他们可以免除当面谈话时可能遇到的尴尬。
5.这些河流再也不清澈了，河水的质量降低到了劣五级，连灌溉农田都不能用了。
6.文章虽短，但其象征性含义却很丰富，值得深入分析。
7.雪山高耸入云，其神秘的美丽无与伦比。
8.他从小离开家，和父母很少见面，所以在父亲面前总是有些约束。
9.这次会议十分重要，谁也不得无故缺席。
10.在她的记忆中，母亲既严厉又慈爱。
参考答案1.Changes in the political situation brought the two small parties into alliance.2.His failure was due to his disposition rather than his ability.3.I have something important to discuss with you. Could you spare half an hour?4.Many people prefer to chat online as this can spare them any awkwardness thatmay occur when talking face to face.5.No longer are the rivers clean and clear, and the water quality has reduced toworse than Level V, unfit even for agricultural irrigation.6.Short as it is, the article is very rich in symbolic implications which deserve athrough analysis.7.The snow mountain reached into the sky, its beauty beyond all comparison.8.He left home as a child and has seen little of his father since then. So he neverfeels at home in his father’s presence.9.As this meeting is very important, nobody should be absent without cause.10.In her memory, her mother was at once severe and kind.。
自考高级英语考前串讲第11章
Serve one’s turn 适用
This job will serve my turn. 这项工作将适合我的需要。 I think this book will serve my
worked. Literal: 按照原文的 a literal translation Idioms usually can not be
earthly parts into oblivion No difficulty in forgetting their
functions in the world No difficulty in falling sleep
be given to 癖好的；喜爱的； 习惯的
She is a young girl given to tears.
Deft: skilful and quick, esp with the hands 熟练的,灵巧的
She is deft at dealing with reporters.
With deft fingers she undid the wire.
fare: get on, progress 进展,过日子
We remonstrate against his cruelty to old people.
I remonstrated with him about his rudeness.
Inhuman:非人的, 不近人情的, 非人道的,残忍的,
inhuman treatment 虐待 Treatment of prisoners in that
自考高英上 lesson11综述
Main idea of the text
This lesson is on sleeplessness. Adults without exception suffer from sleeplessness. It is well - known that sleep is vital to one's mental and physical health. Sleep and sleeplessness are not medically and scientifically dwelt on. Instead, sleeplessness is used as an example to illustrate the contrariness of things and the contradictions a man is confronted with. According to the author, a man is a bundle of contradictions and only humour is the saving grace of us. Those who fall asleep as soon as they get into bed are satirized in a
tends shakes Down dream
Words
1. avail
n. [一般用于否定句或疑问句中]效用；(有效的)帮助；利 益，好处; [复数](遗产或拍卖之后，扣除佣金、债务等后 的)余额 no avail没有效果的；没有作用的 His efforts were to no avail. 他的努力是徒劳的。 vt. 有益于，有助于，有利于，有用于，使有利： All our efforts availed us little in trying to effect a change. 在企图实现一个变革中我们徒劳无功。 vi.有益,有用,有帮助(against, to)： Nothing could avail against the enemy attack. 没有什么可以挡得住敌人的进攻。
高级英语(第三版)第一册 练习答案 Lesson 11 Key
《高级英语》（第三版）重排版（第一册）Lesson 11 The Way to Rainy MountainKey to ExercisesIII. Paraphrase1. The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. The Kiowa often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.4. They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning ofa new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on foot, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes it possible to see far into the distance and in all directions.7. I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, and which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.8. In this way she was completely moved to another state in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless (what she represented would last for ever).9. On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and was also a reward for their servitude.IV. Practice with Words and ExpressionsA.1. knoll: a hillock2. anvil: an iron or steel block on which metal objects are hammered into shape3. writhe: to twist and turn the body as in agony4. infirm: weak or ill especially because one is old5. headwaters: the beginning of a large stream or river6. fork: the point where a river is divided into two or more branches, or where branches join to form a river7. pilgrimage: a journey made by a pilgrim, especially to a shrine or holy place; any long journey to a place of historical interest8. engender: to bring into being, bring about, produce9. consummate: to make complete, perfect10. beadwork: decorative work in beads11. warlord: a military leader, especially an unofficial one fighting against a government or king12. hie: to hurry or hastenB.In language, alliteration refers to repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words and/or phrases. Alliteration has historically developed largely through poetry and is still used often in poetry. In the essay “The Way to Rainy Mountain,” the author uses alliteration a lot. Here are some examples from the essay: brittle and brown (Para. 1), willow and witch hazel (Para. 1), great green-and-yellow grasshoppers (Para. 1), the eagle and the elk (Para. 6), the badger and the bear (Para. 6), bent and blind (Para. 6), sad in the sound (Para. 11), lean and leather (Para. 13), jest and gesture (Para. 13), fright and false alarm (Para. 13). The frequent use of alliteration shows the author’s special interest in the sound of language, the rhythm of language, and how words sound to him and the reader. Alliteration helps to achieve a poetic effect of description.C.1. The weather here is extremely harsh.2. In summer the prairie is very hot.3. They were no longer dominated by the simple necessity of survival; they werea proud and dangerous group of fighters and thieves, hunters and pious believers in the sun as their god.4. In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless mountain forests.5. Although my grandmother never left Rainy Mountain in her long life, the immense landscape of the Great Plains existed clearly in her memory as if she had lived there herself.6. As hunters, it was very important for the Kiowa to be able to see a long way. So if a Kiowa could see very far, he would be respected by his fellow Kiowa.7. They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Second, they didn’t want to lose sight of the mountains so soon.V. TranslationA.1. Changes in the political situation brought the two small parties into alliance.2. His failure was due to his disposition rather than his ability.3. I have something important to discuss with you. Could you spare half an hour?4. Many people prefer to chat online as this can spare them any awkwardness that may occur when talking face to face.5. No longer are the rivers clean and clear, and the water quality has reduced to worse than Level V, unfit even for agricultural irrigation.6. Short as it is, the article is very rich in symbolic implications which deserve a thorough analysis.7. The snow mountain reached into the sky, its beauty beyond all comparison.8. He left home as a child and has seen little of his father since then. So he never feels at home in his father’s presence.9. As this meeting is very important, nobody should be absent without cause.10. In her memory, her mother was at once severe and kind.B.1. 虽然那里很美丽，但人们可能有受束缚、被禁锢的感觉。
高级英语TheWayToRainyMountain
高级英语Lesson 11 The Way to Rainy MountainQuestions1.Where is the Rainy Mountain? Why is the place important for the Kiowa? What is the weather like there? What is the most important feature of this landscape?2.Why did the author like to think of his grandmother as a child? Could you infer when his grandmother Aho was born? When was the great moment in the history of the Kiowa?3.What kind of fighters were the Kiowa? Why were they driven onto the Staked Plains? What did they do in order to save themselves? Why was it humiliating to them? Was the author’s grandmother also humiliated?4.Where did the Kiowa come from three centuries ago? When did they begin their long migration to the south and east? What changes did this migration bring to them? In what way were the Kiowa transformed?5.According to their origin myth, how did the Kiowa enter the world? Why did the author say that, from one point of view, their migration was the fruit of an old prophecy?6.What did the author think of Y ellowstone? Why did he say that one may have a sense of confinement there? Did the Kiowas enjoy perfect freedom in the wilderness of Y ellowstone?7.What kind of feeling does Devil’s Tower evoke in one’s heart? Why? What legend did the Kiowa make at the base of the rock?8.How did the author’s grandmother regard the sun? What was the author’s feeling about the sun?9.When was the last Sun Dance held? What was the essential act of their religious ceremony? What was Tai-me? Why did a delegation of old men journey into Texas for a bull bison?10.When did the Kiowas come together for the last time as a living Sun Dance culture? Were they able to hold their ceremony this time? What happened to them? Why did the government forbid this ancient ceremony?11.How did his grandmother’s house look to him at the time of his writing? How did he feel when he saw it again? What strange sight did he catch when he looked at the moon as he was sitting on the stone steps?Answers1.Rainy Mountain rises out of the plain in Oklahoma, north and west of the Wichita Range. Because it is an old landmark for the Kiowa.The weather there is very hard. There are blizzards in winter, hot tornadic winds in spring, and it is burning hot in summer.The most important feature of this landscape is loneliness and isolation.2.Because his grandmother was born at a time when the Kiowas were living in the last moment of their golden time.Y es, we can infer that his grandmother Aho was born eight or ten years after the Kiowa’s failure in the war against US Cavalry.The great moment in the history of the Kiowa had lasted for more than a hundred years when they controlled the open range from the Smoky Hill River to the Red, from the headwaters of the Canadian to the fork of the Arkansas and Cimarron, and ruled the whole of the southern Plains inalliance with the Comanches.3.They were good warriors. They fought for their militant tendency rather than their need for survival.Because they were divided by the US Cavalry and ran out of adequate supplies, especially food. In order to save themselves, they surrendered to the US Cavalry at Fort Sill.Because they were imprisoned in the old stone corral which was used to hold animals.No, she was spared the humiliation, because she was born eight or ten years after the event.4.The Kiowa came from the high country in western Montana three centuries ago.They began their long migration to the south and east in the late seventeenth century.The migration brought them culture and religion of the plains, including horses, Tai-me, and the sense of destiny, therefore, courage and pride.The Kiowa transformed from the slaves to the simple necessity of survival to a lordly and dangerous society of fighters and thieves, hunters and priests of the sun.5.According to their origin myth, the Kiowa entered the world through a hollow log.Because the Kiowa’s migration confirmed their origin myth for they did emerge from the sunless mountain forests.6.The author thought Y ellowstone had the perfect freedom, but only animals can enjoy. Because the skyline in all directions, that is, the high wall of the woods and deep cleavages of shade was close at hand.No, because that perfect freedom only belonged to the animals and for the Kiowa, they could hardly stand straight or see very far in the dense forests, therefore, it was a sense of confinement for the Kiowas as hunters.7.Devil’s Tower evokes the inspiring awe and awful quietness of people.Because we caught sight of Devil’s Tower upthrust against the gray sky as if in the birth of time the core of the earth had broken its crust and the motion of the world was begun. It was very powerful and impressive.They made a legend in which a boy turned into a bear and wanted to kill his sisters, who were saved by a tree and were borne into the sky, and finally became the stars of the Big Dipper.8.His grandmother had a reverence for the sun.The author also had a holy regard for the sun as his grandmother had.9.The last sun dance was held in 1887.The essential act of their religious ceremony was to impale the head of a buffalo bull upon the medicine tree.Tai-me was the sacred object of worship in their Sun Dance religion.Because there was no buffalo left in the area of Rainy Mountain, and the Kiowa needed buffalo to consummate the Sun Dance.10.The Kiowas came together for the last time as a living Sun Dance culture on July 20, 1890. No, they were unable to hold their ceremony this time.They were dispersed by a company of soldiers under orders and forbidden to hold the ceremony. The government gave no reason for the action. In fact, the US government thought the native American culture inferior and perceived the Sun Dance as idolatry, so they forbade this ancient ceremony by force.11.At the time of his writing, he hadn’t realize that his grandmother’s house was small. But when he saw it again, he felt the house was very small.In his line of vision, a cricket which had perched upon the handrail filled the moon like a fossil.。
自考高级英语上册
Leap: leapt 或 leaped, leaping 跳跃，跳越
• • • • • • The dog leapt over the fence. 狗跳过了围栏。 Leap: 闪过；突然想起 The idea leaped into his mind. 这个想法突然闪过他的脑海。 Those memories and fancies which had been buried deep in one’s mind for ten years will sometimes crop up突然出现 .
Lesson 11 On getting off to sleep
By J.B. Priestley
Contradiction, contrariness
• Contradiction:u. 矛盾，对立 c.对立的事物 • --I found no contradiction between his publicly expressed ideas and his private actions. • --His private actions are in contradiction to/with his publicly expressed ideas. • --A round square is a contradiction in terms 用词矛盾. • Contrariness (u.) (contrary) 相反，对立面， • --Hot and cold are contrariness.
高级英语第一册讲义11
Lesson 11But What’s a Dictionary For?1. abuse: n. & v. abusive, adj.a. unkind, cruel or rude words,He burst into a storm of abuse.He constantly addressed her in terms of abuse.You are always abusing and offending people.b. wrong use, MISUSE, improper treatment, MALTREATBorrowing money is an abuse of friendship.abuse of power, drug abuse,to abuse one's power, authority, position, wealth, etc.2. popular press: newspapers, journals that are aimed at the needs or tastes of ordinary people and not the specialists in a particular subject3. phenomenon: pl, phenomena. a fact or event in nature or society4. scholarly: concerned with serious detailed study---opposite POPULAR. Scholarly matters, activities, etc involve or relate to scholars or their work.His name is known in scholarly circles throughout the world.5. staturea. Someone's stature is their height and general size.She was rather small in stature.b. The stature of a person or of their achievements is the importance and reputation that they have.a musician of international stature6. unbridled: not controlled or limited in any way, used to show disapproval; too violent and active unbridled tongue / anger7. fury: violent or very strong angerThere was fury in the Duchess' grey eyes.Hearing this, they jumped on (scold) him in a fury.He flew into a fury and said that the whole thing was disgusting.8. contempt: lack of respect.If you have contempt for someone or something, you do not like them and think that they are unimportant or of no value.They would look at us with unmistakable contempt.Her contempt for foreigners was obvious.hold sb. / sth in contempt9. calamity: an event that causes a great deal of damage, destruction, or personal sadness and distress; serious misfortune10. scandal:If sth is a scandal, a lot of people know about it and think that it is very shocking and immoral.The way that official wastes public money is a scandal.She brought scandal to her family by her outrageous behaviour.11. DISASTER, CATASTROPHE, CALAMITY, CATACL YSM mean an event or situation that is a terrible misfortune.Disaster is an unforeseen, ruinous, and often sudden misfortune that happens either through lack of foresight or through some hostile external agency; general word. 12. editorial: an article in a newspaper which gives the opinion of the editor or publisher on a topic or item of the news.13. deteriorate: cause to become worse, worsenHis sight began to deteriorate.She has suffered progressive deterioration of health.14. stern: very firm or hard towards others' behaviour.Someone who is stern is very serious and expects to be obeyed.a stern teacher / fatherHe walked to the boy and said to him very sternly, "Give that to me."15. betray:a. If you betray someone's trust, confidence, etc, or you betray your principles, you fail to act in the good and morally correct way that was expected of you.He betrayed his friends to the enemy.She betrayed her promise.Judas betrayed Jesus (to the authorities.b. If you betray a secret, a plan, etc, you tell people things that you have been asked to keep secret.16. bar: the railing in a courtroom that encloses the place about the judge，barrier in a lawcourt separating the judge, prisoner, lawyers, etc from the spectators，the prisoner at the bar 受审讯的犯人She will be judged at the bar of public opinion.17. deplorable: disgraceful, distressing, heartbreaking, lamentable, pitiable, wretched,18. flagrant / /: used to describe a bad or shocking action, situation, or attitude that is very obvious and not concealed in any way, conspicuous, notorious, shameless, outrageous notorious, open, scandalousa flagrant violation of human rights, a flagrant injustices / cheating19. non-word deluge:It's like a flood of unacceptable words.non: so bad as not to deserve the nameIt was really a bad book --- non-story with non-characters.non-words: words that are not yet acceptable, such as new slang or newly coined words.20. abominable: disgusting, heinous, villainousSomething abominable is very unpleasant, very bad, or very poor in quality, causing disgust and strong dislike used showing strong disapproval.They work six days a week in abominable conditions.Wages for primary school teachers in some area were abominable.21. dismay: feeling of fear and discouragement, disappointment, distressbe struck with dismay at the news22. They doubted that "Lincoln could have modelled ... a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life.doubt (affirm. + that): to consider unlikelyI doubt that he will come.I doubt that he is honest.23. model...on: take as a model, or exampleShe modelled herself on her mother.24. If something throws light or shadow on a particular thing or area, it causes that thing or area to have light or a shadow on it.A spotlight threw a pool of violet light onto the stage.25. underlie: to be present as an explanation or real meaning ofWhen you say A underlies B, then A is the cause or basis of B.26. citation: the act of quotation, a short passage taken from something written or spoken by someone else27. fraud:sth that deceives people in a way that is illegal or immoral, a crime of gaining money or other benefits by trickery. It suggests the perversion of the truth for the sake of persuading sb. to surrender some valuable possession or a legal right, or an act or practice involving concealment of truth, violation of trust and confidence, or nonperformance of contracted act by which one gains an advantage over another to the injury of the latter.The judge found him guilty of fraud.The elder brother gained control of the property by fraud.28. hoax: a trick in which sb. tells the police, emergency services, or the public sth. that is not true,a bomb / dinosaur-egg somewherea forged work of art to be genuine29. discrepancy: difference. If there is a discrepancy between two things, they ought to be the same.You say you paid $5 and the bill says $3; how do you explain the discrepancy?30. interpose: to place, put in between; interrupt with a comment or question interpose a barrier between31. remedy: sth that is intended to cure you when you are ill or in pain, sth prescribed or used for the treatment of disease. It applies to a substance or treatment that is known or regarded as effective in bringing about recovery or restoration of health or the normal functioning of the body.32. compel: to make sb. do sth. by or as if by force.Compel differs from force in typically requiring a personal object. Compel commonly implies the exercise of authority, the exertion of great effort or driving force, or the impossibility for one reason or another of doing anything else.There is no possible method of compelling a child to feel sympathy or affection.But nobody emerged, and he was compelled to carry the bag himself.33. extraneous: not belonging to what is being dealt with, unrelated, alien, and foreign to avoid extraneous thingsto eliminate extraneous interference34. tout: to praise loudly or extravagantlyclout: to hit forcefully35. buggy: a light one-horse carriage made with two wheels in England and with four wheels in the US36. linguistics: the systematic study of language37. charter: written or printed statement of rights, permission to so sth., constitution the Charter of the United Nationsthe Atlantic Charterthe citizens’ rights laid down by charter38. philology:a. the study of literature and of disciplines relevant to literature or to language as used in literature.b. linguistics. esp, historical and comparative linguistics.39. inseminating: to sow seed in, to implantinseminate the minds of the young with revolutionary ideasinseminating scholar: a scholar who implants new ideas in the minds of others. semen: liquid containing sperm of male animals40. relegate: to assign to an appropriate place or situation on the basis of classification or appraisal; to dismiss to a lower position or condition. If you relegate sth. you cause it to have a less important position or status.He relegated his wife to the position of a mere housekeeper.be relegated to the garbage can of history.You can't relegate the pop song singer / movie star to the third rate.。
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What a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surely, humor is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation.
Contradiction :u. 矛盾，对立 c.对立的事物 --I found no contradiction between his publicly expressed ideas and his private actions. --His private actions are in contradiction to/with his publicly expressed ideas. --A round square is a contradiction in terms用词矛盾.
Instead, sleeplessness is used as an example to illustrate the contrariness of things and the contradictions a man is confronted with.
According to the author, a man is a bundle of contradictions and only humour is the saving grace of us. Those who fall asleep as soon as they get into bed are satirized in a humorous tone. In his opinion, those who are equipped with an iron will lack human feelings. He points out that there is no lack of human feelings, sympathy or depth in a man who has difficulty in falling asleep. The author thinks he belongs to the latter.
一旦到了上床睡觉时间，五个摄取知识的港口就要关闭的 时候，我认识的大多数人似乎都能很容 to read, with wonder, those sycophantic stories of the warlike supermen, the great troublers of the world's peace, Cromwell, Napoleon, and the like, who, thanks to their "iron wills", could lie down and plunge themselves immediately into deep sleep, to wake up, refreshed, at a given time. 我曾诧异地读过一些大肆吹捧那些好战的超人、世界和平 的巨大威胁者，诸如克伦威尔、拿破仑之类的文章，文章 里说他们“钢铁般的意志”使他们一躺下就能熟睡，并在 某一特定时间醒来，精神抖擞
proceed
Work is proceeding slowly.工作正在慢慢地继续进行着。 If you proceed to do something, you do it, often after doing something else first. (做完某事之后) 接着 (做另一 事) 例： He proceeded to tell me of my birth. 他接着给我讲 了我的出生。 If you proceed with a course of action, you continue with it. 继续进行 (某行动) 例： The group proceeded with a march they knew would lead to bloodshed. 这群人继续进行他们知道会导 致流血事件的一次游行。 (某事件或活动带来的) 收入 例： The proceeds of the concert went to charity. 音乐会 的收入给了慈善机构。
imperishable
adj. 不会腐烂的，不坏的;不灭的，不朽的；永恒的，永存 的 反义：perishable adj. 易腐坏的；易毁灭的；会枯萎的 n. 容易腐坏的东西 词根：perish v.死亡；毁灭；腐烂；枯萎
I can easily produce half a dozen imperishable
Dim: not bright, not clearly to be seen不亮的 dim light of a candle 微弱的烛光 a dim room 光线不好的房间 the dim outline of a building 房屋的模糊轮廓 我瞪着那似乎在谴责我的白纸，直到眼前一片模糊，声音 也难以辨清，只有靠意志力才能勉强坚持。
人真是充满矛盾啊! 毫无疑问，幽默是惟一帮助我 们摆脱矛盾的办法，要是没有它，我们就会死于烦 恼。
I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all.
A saving grace is a good quality or feature in a person or thing that prevents them from being completely bad or worthless. 可取之处 例： Aging's one saving grace is you worry less about what people think. 年迈的一个可取之处是你不那么担心他 人的想法了。 Vexation is a feeling of being annoyed, puzzled, and frustrated. 恼火 例： He kicked the broken machine in vexation. 他懊恼得 踢了这台坏机器一脚。
Oblivion n.被(公众)忘却的状态，湮没,漠视; 无意识的状态; 被彻底
摧毁; 赦免，大赦 He just drank himself jovially into oblivion. 他一味痛饮直到自己神志不清。 It seems that the so-called new theory is likely to sink into oblivion. 那所谓的新理论似乎可能被淡忘。 An entire poor section of town was bombed into oblivion. 城镇的整个贫民区被彻底炸毁了。 adj. oblivious 遗忘的；健忘的；不注意的；不知道的
Plunge:使投入, 使插入 ,使陷入 plunge a country into war 使一个国家陷入战争 plunge a room into darkness plunge sb. into deep sorrow. no difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion No difficulty in forgetting their functions in the world No difficulty in falling sleep
如果，我们的思想和主观意象对于来世的人来说真的就像 我们的书本和图片一样是有形的、摸得着的，那么我在来 世会比在今生获得更高的声誉。
Once in bed, when it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, most folks I know seem to find no difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion.
Main idea of the text
This lesson is on sleeplessness.
Adults without exception suffer from sleeplessness. It is well - known that sleep is vital to one's mental and physical health. Sleep and sleeplessness are not medically and scientifically dwelt on.
masterpieces, if only I had pens, inks and paper.
除了笔、墨和纸，什么也不能阻止我写出半打不朽的杰作。
If it be true that our thoughts and mental images are perfectly tangible things, like our books and pictures, to the inhabitants of the next world, then I am making for myself a better reputation there than I am in this place. Make for: 导致；有助于；走向 He rose from his seat and made for the door. 他起身向门 口走去。 A happy parent makes for a happy child. 幸福的家长造就 幸福的孩子。
Given:约定的；特定的；指定的 Do it within the given time. At a given time we will all shout “Happy birthday to you”. Given: 假设的，假使的 Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening. 假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。 Given that I have five more minutes, I will finish the exam.