连系动词的用法和习题

英语连系动词的分类及用法

从意义上讲，连系动词可分为两大类：

一类表示某种相对静止的特征或状态，(表示状态和状态的持续,)

如:be(是), seem(似乎), look(看起来), appear(似乎), feel(觉得), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), keep(保持), remain(保持), stand(站立), lie(躺), stay(停留)等。

另一类表示某种状态的变化演变过程。(表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态,)

如：become(变成), go(变得), get(变得), turn(变成), grow(长成), fall(变成某种状态), come(成为), run(变成)等。

补充：一些感官动词也可以作联系动词（）例如：look, sound , smell, taste, feel, see, watch, hear 等。(没有被动式)

(1)状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，

例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）

She is always like that. 她总是那样。

I am used to going about alone. 我习惯于独来独往。

These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿太小。

(2)持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。

如：I hope you’ll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。

He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。

The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。

We can remain friends. 我们可以继续做朋友。

Please stay seated. 请继续坐着。

He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。

(3) 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：

He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。

The doctor seemed very capable. 那医生似乎很能干。

He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。

He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃惊。

She appeared perplexed. 她显得迷惑不解。

(4) 感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。没有被动式

如: 中文:他保持沉默. (误)He is remained silent. (正)He remains silent.

This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。

He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。

They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。

Everybody feels contented. 每个人都感到很满足。

Ice feels cold. 冰感觉起来是凉的。

Silk feels soft and smooth. 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑。

It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。

This food tastes good. 这菜好吃。

(5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run

除表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态的联系动词和在个别情况下的联系动词be外,其他联系动词没有进行时。状态的变化演变过程

例句：The days are getting longer and longer.白天越来越长。

He was only being kind for the moment.他只是一时的仁慈。

如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。

She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。

His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越来越严重了。

She’s growing fat. 她正在发胖。

He’s grown used to it. 他对此已经习惯。

When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这，脸红了。

His hair turned grey in a few weeks. 在几个星期中他头发就变灰白了。

The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就会变酸。

Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning. 几个人生病了，都是血中毒的受害者。

We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。

Your hair has gone quite white! 你的头发全白了!

She went pale at the news. 听到这消息，她脸色变得苍白。

When I mentioned it to him he went red. 我对他提及此事时他脸红了。

He went mad. 他疯了

The children must not go hungry. 孩子们不能挨饿。

(6) 终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) 等。表达"证实"，"变成"之意

例如：The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果） .

(详细讲解)

例句: (1)be意为"是，在，存在，成为"等

What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大了想干什么？

(2)look意为"看上去，显得……"

She looked a little tired.她看起来有点疲倦。

(3)seem意为"好像，似乎，仿佛"

She seemed an honest woman.她看上去是个老实人。

(4)feel意为"感觉到，摸起来"

This skirt feels soft.这条裙子摸起来很柔软。

(5)sound意为"听起来"

Her idea sounded great.她的主意听起来很不错。

(6)taste意为"尝起来有……的味道"

The food tastes good.那些食物味道很好。

(7)smell意为"闻上去……"

The flowers smell sweet.这些花芳香袭人。

(8)appear意为"看起来(好像)"

It appears a true story.这似乎是个真实的故事。