大学英语听力四原文(8课)
全新版大学英语视听说教程4听力原文
Unit OneTrac k 4-1-OL-lA. Jay and Elise are talking about an accident. Listen and check the correct picture.Jay: Come in here, Elise. You should see this show!Elise: What is it?Jay: It's called "The Titanic of the Sky." It's about the Hindenburg, a great engineering feat. Elise: The Hindenburg ...Jay: You know, that giant zeppelin that crashed in 1934. Thirty-five people died.Elise: Oh yeah, I remember now. It was flying from Germany to the United States. It crashed as it was landing.Jay: Right. It's so funny looking, don't you think? It doesn't look anything like the airplanes as have today.Elise: That's true. Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway? It seems so dangerous.Jay: Well, some people called the Hindenburg "man's greatest achievement in flight." They thought it was safe, I guess.Elise: Who rode in it anyway?Jay: Mostly wealthy people. It accommodated between 30 and 40 passengers and crew. One person said it was like a "flying hotel."Eise: It sounds pretty great.Jay: Yeah, and it was fast. That's why people rode it. They wanted to get to their destination faster.Elise: Why didn't they just take a jet plane?Jay: Elise! You know they didn't have jets back then. Look, in 1934 it took five days to travel from Germany to the U.S. by ship. The zeppelin could do it in half that time. It was speedy. Elise: Well, maybe I'll sit down and watch a little bit. Maybe I'll learn something ...Trac k 4-1-OL-2B. Listen again. How was the zeppelin described? Check your answers.Track 4-1-OL-3A. Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.Jack: I think we should buy a bigger car. Big cars are safer.Kayla: Yes, but on the other hand, they consume more oil.Jack: They also look really cool.Kayla: That's true, but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.Jack: And 1 think big cars are more fun to drive.Kayla: But then again, it's very expensive.Jack: Well, let's get more information about several kinds of cars, okay?T r a c k4-1-O L-4Listen to another person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information you hear.My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers. The buildings are made of glass, steel, and concrete. They were designed by an American architect, but he used a Malaysian style. They were finished in 1998, and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time. Each tower has 88 floors, and is 452 meters high. I really like the Petronas Towers. They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country.T r a c k4-1-O L-5A. Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings. Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.Modern buildings: We love them, We hate themThe world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost 500 years old, and it faced a very modern problem: There simply wasn't enough space for six million visitors each year. In 1989, American architect . Pei designed a striking glass pyramid in the building's center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade. But he also started an angry debate. Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art, like the ones inside the museum. Others said it was just an ugly, modern mistake.Kyoto, Japan, is the country's ancient capital, and the heart of its culture. Its railroad station was too small for the millions of visitors. In 1997, the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center, right in the oldest part of the city. Designed by Hiroshi Hara, the building also contains a hotel and department store. Before it was built, critics said that the high, wide, modern building would destroy the city's traditional look. On the other hand, supporters said it would bring new life into the city center.Track 4-1-OL-6B. Now listen again and complete the chart with the information you hear.Track 4-1-OL-7B. Listen to the interview with Erika Van Beek, an engineer. According to Erika, what should be done about overcrowding in cities?The future building boom?Interviewer: What do you think is the biggest problem facing our cities?Erika: I think it's overcrowding. Talk to anyone living in a major metropolitan area and they will say the same thing: There's no space. Even the suburbs are getting crowded. Interviewer: Well, in some places there simply isn't any land left for building, right? Erika: Yes, that's true, but you have to think creatively. You can't give up so easily. Interviewer: Think creatively? What do you suggest?E r i k a: What I'm saying is that we can build more structures underground. We can add parking lots, malls, hotels, and even apartment buildings. There's plenty of space. Interviewer: Isn't it expensive?E r i k a: Yes, it can be. In the past building underground has been very expensive. However, we have new technology that will bring the cost down. It involves using robots. You don't have to pay robots a salary!Interviewer: Isn't "building down" more dangerous than other kind of construction?E r i k a: Actually, I think it's safer than building skyscrapers, for example. Remember, we already do it. We have subways and underground shopping malls. I'm just suggesting we invest in a variety of bigger projects and that we dig deeper.Interviewer: What would you say to people who doubt your idea?E r i k a: I can understand their feelings. Whenever there's a new idea, it can cause controversy. But "building down" is not some kind of impractical idea. It makes sense. There is so much space underground: It can accommodate a lot of traffic, storage, and people. With the new technology we have, we'd be crazy not to consider the idea — it's the wave of the future!Track 4-1-OL-8C. Listen again. Check the statements you think Erika would agree.Unit 2Track 4-2-OL-1Pam: Well, Lynn, I must be going. It was great to see you –Lynn: By, Pam.Pam: What’s that?Lynn: Oh … that’s Ollie.Pam: Ollie: I didn’t know you had a dog!Lynn: Well, we don’t … really.Pam: What do you mean?Lynn: Come here.Pam: Oh my goodness. It’s a robot!Lynn: That’s right. It’s a dog robot. They call it a “dogbot.”Pam: How interesting! … But it’s a little strange, don’t you think?Lynn: Well, I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids. They love it. So I’m happy. Pam: How much did it cost?Lynn: Don’t ask. It wasn’t very affordable. It’s cheaper than having a real dog, though.We don’t ever have to buy dog food! And the batteries are rechargeable.Juliana: Hey, Henrik. Look.Henrik: What is it, Juliana?Juliana: What’s that guy doing over there?Henrik: Which guy?Juliana: The one over there. Wearing a suit. H’s punching so many buttons on his cell phone. Henrik: Oh, him. He’s probably playing a game.Juliana: Really?Henrik: A lot of people have games on their cell phones. It’s really popu lar here in Finland.They play them everywhere.Juliana: Do you play them, too?Henrik: Yes, I do.Juliana: I only use my phone to make telephone calls. I guess I’m old-fashioned.Henrik: I heard that some people play games even at work. They can play quietly during business meetings. No one knows about it.Juliana: I’d like to try it.Henrik: Here, use mine!Track 4-2-OL-3Penny: Hello. Your Computer World sales department.Ted: Hi, Penny. It’s Ted.Penny: Oh, hi, Ted. What’s up?Ted: well, my computer has crashed again.Penny: Oh no!Ted: Oh, yes. That’s why I’m calling. You know, it’s five years old. And I need to speak to Scott about getting a new one.Penny: well, you’ve called at a good time. We have some attractive new models.Ted: Great! I’m looking for something affordable. And I want to get something portable this time.Penny: I’m sure Scott can help you with that… Let’s see, he is in a meeting until 3:30. I’ll ask him to call you.Ted: No, that’s OK. I’ll call him after 3:30. Please give him the message.E-mail is my favourite way to communicate. I think it is as fast as a fax machine, and it is as easy as a cell phone. Of course, e-mail has some problems, too. It isn’t as affordable as ordinary mail, because you need a computer an d Internet service. And I don’t think it is as reliable as a fax machine. Sometimes e-mail messages get lost. But in my opinion, e-mail is as convenient as a cell phone. I can send a message from my home or office, and my friends can read it when they have time.Track 4-2-OL-5In today’s report, we look at a new technology called pervasive computing.Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everyday electronic appliances, such as toasters and microwaves. With pervasive computing, appliances can communicate with their users – and with other appliances!Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a “smart” toaster. It remembers your favourite kind of toast: light or dark. Companies are designing a “smart” coffee maker and a “smart” clock. The coffee maker can measure the water and coffee. It can even put milk in your breakfast coffee and make black coffee in the afternoon. The clock will check the time on other clocks in your house, and give information about other appliances. For example, it can tell you, “Your coffee maker needs more water.”And that’s only the beginning. One company is now advertising “Save time –phone your washing machine!” engineers are making a “smart” house. In this house, the lights, heater, and air conditioner change automatically when family members come home. This makes the home comfortable, and it saves a lot of energy. Pervasive computing could change many parts of our daily lives. But do people really want pervasive computing? Do they really need technology everywhere? One company asked people about their opinions on “smart” appliances. There were surprises. A “smart” refrigerator can buy more food on the internet, but people didn’t want it, because it might make mistakes.“Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone,” says Rebecca Blair, president of InnoTech Corporation. But some of these products are not useful, or even practical. Companies should learn more about the technology that people really want.Track 4-2-OL-7Local girl rescuedShe may have a broken leg, but she can’t be happier. Morgan Bailey, 11, is happy to be alive. Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan. She was at school. It was fourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gymnasium for her physical education class.Suddenly there was a loud noise.“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that, I don’t remember anything,” said Morgan.The roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow. Morgan was trapped underneath. She couldn’t escape.“I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. I couldn’t move it. I was starting to get cold.”Fortunately, help was nearby. A new program using “rescue robots” was tried for the first time.“We were nervous about using the robot,” said Derrick Sneed, the man in charge of the program. “But in the end, the robot gave us reliable information. It went extremely well.”The rescue robot was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan’s exact position.“We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans,” said Mr. Sneed. “Human beings are not as useful as robots in some situations. A gas leak, for example, could kill you or me but wouldn’t hurt a robot.”Although it didn’t happen in Morgan’s case, some resc ue robots can bring fresh air or water to people who are trapped.Rescue robots go into rough, dangerous places. They work in life or death situations. They have to be durable.Doctors say that Morgan is doing well. She should be going home in two or three days. What is the first thing she wants to do after she gets out of the hospital?“I want to meet my hero,” laughs Morgan. “That little robot that saved my life!”Track 4-2-OL-9The first word processorMrs. Morgan: Good. So change the first part and make those corrections and your paper will be great.Tara: OK. Thanks for all your help, Professor Morgan. I’ll e-mail my paper to you later today.Mrs. Morgan: You know, technology is amazing. In high school I used to write my term papers ona typewriter.Tara: It must have taken a long time to write a paper on a typewriter.Mrs. Morgan: Well, I was pretty fast, but I made some mistakes. Actually, the typewriters weren’t that bad. Now, as for the first computers … oh my gosh!Tara: What do you mean?Mrs. Morgan: The first computers were so unreliable. They used to crash all the time. And they were not as affordable or as fast as they are now.Tara: Mine’s pretty fast, but not as fast as some of the newer, more expensive ones. Mrs. Morgan: I know! And nowadays, almost everyone has a computer. In those days, nobody had their own computer. We used to use the ones at the university.Tara: In the computer lab?Mrs. Morgan: Yeah, that’s all we had. I’ll never forget, one spring, during final exams.Everybody was working on their term papers, and the electricity went out! Tara: So? No big deal … laptops have batteries …Mrs. Morgan: Yes, but remember, in those days we didn’t have laptops. If your computer crashed, you lost everything.Tara: Everything?Mrs. Morgan: Everything. We used to lose information all the time, but that time it was terrible.Everybody lost their papers that afternoon … including me.Tara: What did you do?Mrs. Morgan: I went back to the good, old-fashioned way.Tara: You mean typewriters?Mrs. Morgan: Nope. I used something more affordable, portable, reliable, disposable, something that always worked.Tara: What was that?Mrs. Morgan: (holds up pencil and paper) The first word processor.Unit 3Track4-3-OL-1/Track4-3-OL-2Joe: What are you reading, Maria?Maria: The Daily News.Joe: The News? Ugh! That’s a terrible paper.Maria: Oh, Joe, it’s not so bad.Joe: Not so bad? Look at that headline on the front page! It’s so sensational.Maria: Well, they’ve got great comics. I can’t live without my comics.Joe: I know. But the news coverage is so poor, ... especially the international news. It’s a joke, really.Maria: I’m not so interested in the international news. Besides, they have so many other good features.Joe: Like what?Maria: Like… the daily horoscope, for example. I love it.Joe: That’s not a good reason to buy a newspaper … for the horoscope!Maria: Look, the newspaper only costs 50 cents. What so you expect?Joe: Good point.Maria: Besides the horoscope, I also like the entertainment news. I like to read about the stars and their love affairs.Joe: Well, you can keep The Daily News. I’m going to stick with The Times.Track 4-3-OL-3Amy: John, I’ve never notice this old photo of your family before.John: My mother just found it in the attic. She decided to hang it up.Amy: It’s a nice picture of your family.John：I think it’s embarrassing. And I look stupid.Amy: Well, you could‘ve combed your hair … it’s a nice shot, though. Look at how young you are! How old were you in the photo?John: Eight … no wait, I’d just turned nine.Amy: I guess these two people are your parents.John: Yep. They were married when that picture was taken. Now they’re divorced.Amy: Oh. What do they do?John: My father’s retired. Mom works in a hospital.Amy: What are their names?John：Well, my father’s name is Joseph. My mother is Olivia---she was named after a popular actress.Amy: How great! I have an aunt with the same name. I love the name Olivia … Who’s that guy? John: Which one?Amy: The guy standing behind you. Is that your brother, Tom?John: No, that's my Uncle Randy. He’s only two years older than my brother.Amy: He’s cute. I love a guy with a moustache.John: Um, sorry, but he’s married now. His wife just had a baby.Amy: I was just making a comment … So the other young guy must be your brother.John: Yes. That’s Tom.Amy: How old is he in the picture?John: Let’s see … he’s nine years older than me … so he would‘ve been 18 then.Amy: And there’s your little sister, Tina. She’s so cute!John: Yeah. She’s two years younger than me. It’s hard to believe she’s in high school now! Track 4-3-OL -51. A bank robbery in Virginia, USA, was stopped when the robber and the bank teller couldn’treach an agreement. The robber pushed a holdup note under the window, but the teller looked at it, said,” I can’t read this,” and gave it back. The robber pushed the note througha second time. The teller crumpled the note up and threw it at the robber. He picked itup and walked out of the bank.2. A professional ice hockey player will miss the rest of this season’s games because heinjured himself. National Hockey League goalie Jean-Louis Blanchard went on the injured list after he fell and seriously hurt his back. He was walking out of a restaurant in Ottawa, Canada, when he slipped on some ice.3.The first international camel beauty contest was held last week in Alxa, in western China.More than 100 dressed-up camels entered the contest. The judges examined them for shiny hair, tall humps, and beautiful costumes. Unlike human beauty contests, though, there were no interviews with the contestants.4.Police in Sheffield, England, arrested a 41-year-old man for stealing five cars. GrahamOwens went to car dealers and said he wanted to buy a car, and borrowed a car to test-drive.Each time, he drove the car around, then cleaned it inside and washed it outside---before leaving it at the side of the road, and walking home.Track 4-3-OL-71.Nutty newsLulu is a kangaroo. For 10 years she has lived with the Richards family. Lulu was adopted by the family after they found her next to her dead mother.Mr. Ken Richards is a farmer. He was working on his farm when a heavy tree branch suddenly fell on top of him.Lulu stood next to Mr. Richards’ body. She started barking and didn’t leave Mr.Richards’ side.I’ve never heard Lulu bark like that---she sounded like a dog. She barked and barked and she didn’t stop, “said Celeste, Mr. Richards’ daughter.After 15 minutes, the Richards family went to investigate. They found Ken on the ground and he was unconscious.“Lulu is a hero, “said Celeste. “She saved my father.”Mr. Middleton, an expert veterinarian, said that Lulu’s story is rare. “I have never seen a kangaroo act like that. Maybe lulu helped Ken Richards because the Richards family is the only family she has ever known.”Lulu has always followed Ken around the farm. She’s a loyal, friendly, and veryintelligent kangaroo. After Ken leaves the hospital, he is planning to go everywhere with Lulu.2.Nutty newsApproximately 175,000 people live in the Republic of Vanuatu, an island chain east of Australia. It is a popular tourist destination because there’s a lot to do there: you can visit waterfalls, go horseback riding, take an aerial tour, or visit a traditional Ni-Vanuatu village. Vanuatu is most famous for its scuba diving and snorkeling.In an effort to draw attention to these popular water sports, Vanuatu has created a world’s “first”: the government has opened an underwater post office. You have to bea certified scuba driver to work there. The office is three meters below the surface inan area on the outskirts of Port Vila, the capital city. So far, the post office has hired four workers. They will work in a room surrounded by the beauty of Vanuatu’s underwater world. Customers will buy waterproof postcards on land and then drive down to the post office to receive a special waterproof stamp.3-OL-51. cool2. sold out3. realizes4. music reviewer5. apartment building6. get them concert tickets7. goes over8. invites him to go with her9. a date with 10. mind Takeshi going without himUnit 4Track4-4-OL-1A. Listen to Camille’s job interview. Then circle the answer to the question.Man: So, I see here that you went to college.Camille: Yes, sir. For two years. I didn’t graduate.Man: Do you speak any languages besides English?Camille: Yes, I speak conversational French.Man: Any other languages?Camille: No, that’s it.Man: Well, that’s great. As you know, we fly to Paris twice a wee k. We always need people who can speak French.Man: Let’s see… have you worked for an airline before?Camille: No. I have no job experience.Man: So, this would be your first job.Camille: Yes.Man; Well, I only have two more questions. Are you healthy and physically fit? Can you lift heavy objects?Camille: Yes, I think so.Man: Well, the emergency window exit on the plane weighs about 50 pounds. And the meal cart is very heavy, too. You need to move those objects sometimes.Camille: I think I can do that.Man: Wonderful. Let me tell you about the next step. We have a six-week training program that takes place in the summer. You have to…Track 4-4-OL-2B. Listen again. Check Yes or No for each statement about Camille.Track 4-4-OL-3A.Listen to Olivia talking about her future plan and fill in the blanks with information fromthe talk.I plan to become a teacher after I finish my studies. I decided to study at this universitybecause the teaching program is very good. We have a lot of practice working with children.I love to work with young kids. I expect to graduate from the university next June, and Ihope to find a job in a kindergarten. I’ll try to start working in September.Track 4-4-OL-4B.Listen to the job interview. Check the right item in the table based on the information fromthe interview.Mr. Grant: Hello, Ms. Hale. I’m Mr. Grant, the advertising manager for the company. Do you have a resume or curriculum vitae to give to me?Ms. Hale: Yes, Mr. Grant. Here it is.Mr. Grant: Thank you. Now, let me tell you a little bit about the job. We need someone to design brochures on the computer. Do you have up-to-date computer skills?Ms. Hale: Yes, I do. In my present position I use computer graphics all the time. I have experience with animation as well.Mr. Grant: Oh, that’s very good. We hope to launch a new group of animated ads next spring. Can you work with others in a pleasant manner, Ms. Hale?Ms. Hale: My co-workers seem to think so. I can also work independently by myself.Mr. Grant: That’s necessary, too. What about flexibility in working long hours on a project? Ms. Hale: I have a lot of energy and I’m willing to get the job done. The work I did last year won two awards at a national conference.Mr. Grant: Excellent. That’s very impressive. By the way, did I mention that we need someone to start next week?Ms. Hale: No, you didn’t, but it might be possible.Mr. Grant: Good. Thank you for coming today. We’ll be in touch soon.Track4-4-OL-5A.Listen to the passage about an unusual job. Fill in the blank with information from the passage.You’ve never met Melissa Hayes, and you don’t know her name, but you know her voice.Mellissa record information messages for the telephone company. When you hear the number you called has been changed…--tha t’s Mellissa!“Yes, it’s true,” she say. “I’m the voice talent for Nation Telephone.” At least 50000 people hear her voice every day. “I try to sound warm and friendly, even when I’m saying, I’m sorry, that number is incorrect. Please try again.”Mel issa works only three days a week, but she has to practice a lot. “My voice has to sound the same at the end of eight hours.” She’s very careful about her voice. “I don’t drink lots of water with honey. I can’t g to horror movies because I always scream, a nd I might hurt my voice!”How did she get her job? “A friend told me about it. I listened to all the telephone company messages on my phone, and then I recorded a cassette of those messages. After I sent it to the company, I called them every day for a month!”She’s done this work for three years now, and she loves it. “It’s fun! And I’m helping people by using my voice.” Plus, people are always surprised when they hear about Melissa’s job. They say, “You’re a real person? I thought it was a computer!”Track 4-4-OL-6B.Listen again. Check your answers.Track 4-4-OL-7A.Listen to the interviews about Ken’s and Steven’s jobs. Then check Ken or Steven foreach item in the box below. Interview 1Interviewer: What is your job, Ken?Ken：I’m a . or “video jockey.”Interviewer: How would you describe your job?Ken: I’m on TV. I introduce music videos and talk about them. I also interview singers who appear in videos.Interviewer: What is the best part of your job?Ken: I get to meet a lot of famous people. That’s very exciting. Also, I love music, so it’s a lot of fun.Interviewer: What is the worst part of your job?Ken: I get to meet a lot of famous people. Some of them are not very nice. They think they are better than me. They can be very demanding.Interviewer: What was your most memorable moment?Ken: Last year, I presented an award on TV at a video music award show. I couldn’t believe it. They flew me out to Los Angeles and I stayed in Beverly Hill. I was on the TV show for a whole 45 seconds! I got to meet a lot of stars.Interviewer: I want to be a . How I get the job?Ken: Well, first you have to make a videotape about yourself. You need to talk about certain things on the video. In my case, there was a list of question, like “What did you do last weekend?” and “What’s in your CD player right now?” After you talk about yourself, you send the videotape in to the TV station. They call you if they like the tape.Interview 2Interviewer: What is your job, Steven?Steven: I’m a car courier.Interviewer: How would you describe your job?Steven: Sometimes a person or a company needs a car moved from one place to another. They may not have time to do it themselves. They hire me to drive the car.Interviewer: What is the best part of your job?Steven: I like to drive, so it’s fun for me. Last summer, I drove all the way from New York to California. The weather was great. I had the radio on and enjoyed my trip very much. Interviewer: What is the worst part of your job?Steven: I have to be very punctual. If I say I’ll arrive on Monday at 6:00, I have to be there by Monday at 6:00. I have to be dependable. It’s stressful at times.Interviewer: What was your most memorable moment?Steven: I drove across the desert as the sun was setting. It was incredible! Interviewer: I want to be a car courier. How do I get the job?Steven: That’s a good question. My mother started this business, so she hired me. You’d have to call my mother to find out!Track 4-4-OL-8B.Listen again and the com plete the summaries of Ken’s and Steven’s job below. Use thewords in the box.Unit 5Track 4-5-OL-1B. Now listen to a quiz show and check your answers in A.Host:Welcome back to “You Snooze, You Lose!” the best game show on television! This is our final round. Let me remind you of the rules. We will show an object for a coupleof seconds. It’s your job to guess what it is. Michael? Linda? Are you ready toplay?M & L:Yes!Host:Ok, then, let’s play “You Snooze, You Lose!” Show us item number one.Host:Yes, Michael?Michael:I know what they are. They’re called “cams” and they’re used in mountain climbing. Host:That’s right for one point! They’re used to hold climbing ropes. All right then, here’s our second object. Yes, Linda?Linda:Is it some kind of tool?Host:Can you be more specific?Linda:I don’t know… a tool used to fix some kind of machine?Host:No, I’m sorry. It’s a nose and ear hair trimmer. Next … item number three. Do you have any idea? Time is up. Since no one guessed, I’ll te ll you the answer. Thoseare called Hopi ear candles.Linda:You stick them in your ears?Host:That’s right. They are used to clean out your ears. They also help to relax you.Let’s move on to item number four. Here it is.Michael:That’s obvious. It’s a corkscrew. You use it to open bottles.Host:Yes, that’s correct! It’s a mini-travel corkscrew. You can pack it in your suitcase.Oh, no! You know what that means! You’re out of time. Michael, with two correctanswers, you are today’s winner! Congratul ations! And before we leave, let me show。
College English Listening and Speaking Course 4 - Unit 8听力原文(完整版)
Unit 8 AgingPart A Pre-listening TaskAdditional questions for discussion1. What are the common ailments of the elderly?It is common for old people to suffer from one or several chronic illnesses (慢性病). I guess many of these illnesses are related to a decline in their physical and mental abilities. Take my grandparents for example. My maternal grandfather (外祖父) has high blood pressure, and my grandmother has diabetes (糖尿病). When I visited my grandparents last time, I noticed that they sometimes complained about pains in their back or legs, and they seemed to have a hard time remembering new telephone numbers.2. What are the secrets of a long life?As far as I know, there are quite a few do's and don'ts. Let's name a few on the "do" side first. Have a balanced diet with fresh vegetables, fruits, grains, meats and milk; drink a cup of red wine every day; have regular, moderate exercise; have adequate sleep; get regular medical check-ups and have any problem taken care of early; maintain an optimistic (乐观的) view on things; and keep a healthy lifestyle. On the "don't" side: don't smoke or drink; don't eat too much fat or salt; don't have too much stress; don't shut yourself up from the outside world; don't refuse to use your brain, and etc. In addition to the above, a little bit of good luck won't hurt. Then, you will live happily to be 100 years old.Part B Listening TasksA Terrible DiseaseThe phone rang and it was my husband Jack asking me to take some lunch to his office. As I drove off, I noticed a new shopping center. Strange I hadn't noticed it before. Near his office I also saw a fire station I didn't recognize.'When did they build that new shopping center?' I asked Jack. 'And I'm glad to see that new fire station. It'll give a good landmark.''Diana, they've been there for ages,' Jack scolded.Bewildered, I became angry and, starting up the engine, began to pull away. Then I braked. Where was the exit? Suddenly, nothing was familiar. I realized I had no idea how to get home. I had to stop again and again to ask for directions. Eventually, I got home. A30-minute drive had taken me four hours.Two months later, at the office where I worked as a legal researcher, a smart young man approached me.'Hi, Diana. Good to see you,' he said, smiling.I hesitated, then smiled with resignation. 'Please forgive me, it's one of those days. I simply can't bring your name to mind.''Diana, I'm your cousin Richard,' he said very slowly.After that, I was constantly making mistakes and kept forgetting my way around the building. In the end, I made the painful decision to resign from work. I also started pretending to be a tourist when I got lost because residents tend to give much better directions to visitors.Desperate to discover what was wrong with me, I made an appointment with a neurologist. After various tests he told me I had Alzheimer's disease. I felt numb. I'd hoped to find I was worrying about nothing, but now my worst fears were confirmed. And I was only 53!When I told Jack and my three grown-up children about my disease, their reaction was quiet but supportive. 'Stop worrying,' Jack said. 'We'll take good care of you.' That night, I was looking through some papers belonging to my mother, who'd died of cancer years before, when I saw her maps. They were hand-drawn and covered every place my mother went, including my house. As I examined them, I remembered Mother's other eccentric habits. She wouldn't drive out of her neighborhood or at night. One day, she hadn't even recognized me. Could she have had Alzheimer's, too, without anyone realizing?Now at 57, on good days I'm filled with hope and determination, but on bad days I have the worst sense of being alone. I've started a support group for other sufferers, for I know it's essential to have contact with people who are walking through the same maze.Jack's coping well. While he still dreams of waking up to find all this has been a horrible nightmare, he's assured me that I can depend on him. When we married he didn't know 'for better or worse' included Alzheimer's. But neither did I.Questions:1. What does the story mainly tell us?2. Which of the following is one of the symptoms of the speaker's disease?3. What can we learn from the story?4. What do you know about the speaker from the story?5. What can be inferred about the speaker's mother?Speaking Tasks I: Reflections:Life can sometimes be very cruel. At 53, the woman in the story seemed to have everything she could wish for -- a good job, a caring husband and three grown-up children. But just when everything seemed so good, she spotted the first signs of a terrible disease, Alzheimer's. She failed to recognize buildings that were familiar to her before and even forgot how to get home from her husband's workplace. A thirty-minute drive took her four hours. And her situation worsened quickly. Once she even failed to recognize her cousin. Work, too, became difficult as she constantly made mistakes and had trouble finding her way around her office building. Eventually she made the painful decision to quit her job. The heaviest blow came when results of medical tests announced that she had the incurable disease of Alzheimer's. Her worst fears were confirmed.However, far from burying herself in tears and self-pity, she took a positive attitude toward her illness. She learned to live with the disease. Her family, too, were supportive. Her husband and children promised to take good care of her. She also got strength from her deceased mother. Looking through some of her mother's things, she came upon evidencethat her mother, too, might have suffered from Alzheimer's without their realizing it. The carefully drawn maps indicated how difficult it must have been for her mother to find her way around.Her positive attitude probably helped to slow down the worsening of her disease. Four years after she was diagnosed with the disease, she was not only coping well but was also able to help other patients suffering from the same disease.II. Debating - Topic: Arguments for or against mercy killingPerspectives:1. From the perspective of the dying man's son (for)My father was diagnosed as having a tumor in his brain a year ago. Last June a neurosurgeon removed the tumor but to try to kill any remaining tumor cells, my father has to undergo radiotherapy and chemotherapy alternatively for twelve weeks. The treatment made him sick and he lost all appetite for food. And he has to be fed through a tube let down into his nose. Two months ago, his situation worsened even more. Tumor cells were found in his bones, which caused great pain to him and seriously impaired his ability to move. All day and night he can only lie on his back, unable even to turn. Seeing him in this condition breaks my heart. He used to be such an energetic person, always busy working and never idle for a moment. But now his illness has reduced him to a motionless being.In his waking moments, he begs me to stop the treatment and let him die in dignity. I know the pain is killing him. As medicine has proved useless in his case, I think mercy killing may be the only way to end my father's suffering. It is meaningless to prolong his life when there is no chance of recovery.2. From the perspective of a doctor (against)I don't think I can say yes to the request of the patient's son. The patient in this case is indeed suffering from great pain, but we can't say that there is no chance for him to recover. The science of medicine is advancing very fast and new drugs to treat cancer are being developed almost daily. If we do our best to preserve his life, we may be able to save his life after all.I think a doctor's duty is above all to preserve a patient's life, not to terminate it. A doctor can never state that his patient has no chance of recovery, no matter how bad the situation may seem. There have been many cases in which a patient miraculously survives a serious condition. Medical records have shown that people may suddenly awake from a coma that has lasted months or even years. Human life may be less fragile than we realize. And human life is too precious for us to terminate it.As for mercy killing, I think it is much more an ethical issue than a medical one. It is not for the doctor to decide whether to preserve or terminate a human being's life. There must be laws that we can act in accordance with. Besides, mercy killing, if not properly administered, may expose sick people to all kinds of danger. So according to the present law, I'm afraid no doctor in our country would agree to practice mercy killing on the young man's father.C:Old Age's Problems and OpportunitiesOld age in the United States presents many problems and opportunities. As a result of improved medical services , people live longer than they used to. This increase in longevity creates a wide range of social needs. The medical specialty of gerontology (老年医学) has opened up new research areas and careers related to the elderly.Because of changes in the family structure from extended to nuclear, the elderly have to create existences apart from basically small family units. This situation is complicated by the fact that many of their friends may have died and their children may have moved away.The elderly must set up a new life. Often, the elderly must rely on a fixed income - Social Security and pensions - and gradually diminished savings. While some live with their children, many more live by themselves, with a friend or in a nursing home.However, the increasing proportion of elderly people in society has given them a new political power. They have formed organizations to voice their own needs and concerns to local state and federal agencies. Lobbying(游说)for such issues as increased Social Security benefits, better health care, income tax benefits and rent controls has brought to the public an increased awareness of the determination of the elderly to assert their ability to deal effectively with their own lives.Jokes1. An old lady was being interviewed by the press after she had reached the age of 110. "What do you think is the reason for your long life?" they asked her.She thought for a while. "Well," she said, "I suppose it's because I was born such a long time ago."2. "I think grandma needs new glasses.""What makes you say that, son?""She's been watching two pairs of father's trousers going around in the washing machine -- and thinks she's watching a wrestling match on TV."3. At a Weight Watchers meeting an elderly member, who recently joined the club, was disappointed because she had lost only a few pounds during her first week. She complained, "A friend of mine, who was also on Weight Watchers, said she'd lost ten pounds her first week. She said I'd do the same."The leader, stressing the idea that slow weight loss is permanent weight loss, asked, "Who is she to say? Is she a doctor?""No," came the reply."Is she a nurse?""No.""Well, is she a nutritionist, a Weight Watchers leader? Anything?"The new member thought a moment, then replied, "I think she's a liar."Movie Time - AgingDespite the futility of it, there's a constant fight against the inevitability of aging. Tired andweakened skin is sewn and stapled for those obsessed about retaining their youth. But where will it lead? Will the great diversity of the family of man be eradicated in favour of a more universal, ageless model? And will that model conform to a standard measure of beauty? Perhaps in the future geneticists won't need to clone the human species if we already make clones of ourselves. Countless millions are spent every year on products that promise to eradicate lines and wrinkles. Cosmetics companies play on one of our oldest fears and offer the promise of eternal youth. But the biological clock ticks on remorselessly despite hundreds of remedies which suggest otherwise.Even the most beautiful grow old eventually. The final hope for those seeking immortality comes from the pages of science fiction. Cryonics is the ultimate in body obsession. Freezing the dead body with the aim of restoring its vitality at a future date is far from a proven route to ever-lasting life. The technology doesn't yet exist to bring it back to life again, but it is becoming an increasingly popular option for those so obsessed with their bodies they don't want to leave them, even in death. It is perhaps the most telling illustration of the 20th century's greatest obsession: ourselves.Time to talkThis picture shows some aging problems old people face. Their skin wrinkles, hair turns grey, hands become bony, eyesight is failing, etc. They may lose the ability to walk and have to use the wheelchair. If unlucky, they may lose their husband or wife and live a lonely life. These problems, however, are unavoidable in the life process. So old people need more help, care and love from us.In this picture we see a woman in a white bathrobe. Her hair is wrapped up in a towel and her face is covered with some sort of green paste and her eyes are covered with two slices of cucumber. What's she doing? She's giving skin treatment to her face. This is a very fashionable practice among women in western countries, and it's becoming popular in big cities in China, too. This treatment can delay the aging process of the skin.This picture shows the cover of a book -- 'The Psychology of Aging'. It is said that our world is becoming a world of elderly people. Because of the welfare of health care and social progress, more people are living longer lives, especially in the developed countries. However, aging problems arise. In addition to their physical problems, the elderly people may have mental problems as well, such as loneliness, depression and even despair. So it's very important to help the elderly get rid of such problems so that they can live a better life in their old age.Part D Home ListeningA Walking MiracleOld age is often accompanied by various kinds of illnesses. When he woke up on a July morning in 2001, Robert Tools, 59, could hardly lift his head off his pillow. He had suffered from heart troubles since a decade ago, which was made worse by his diabetes. Thesix-foot-three-inch former librarian and teacher became so weak that his weight had dropped from more than 200 pounds to 140. Tools was too sick for a heart transplant. So he agreed to let two surgeons try something that had never been done before. That afternoon Tools became the first person ever to be implanted with a self-contained artificial heart.Eight days later, Tools left the hospital for the first time to take a stroll through a city park, with his artificial heart pumping blood through his body. The heart is powered by a battery implant that holds a 30-to-40 minute charge. The battery is recharged via a coil attached to an external battery pack good for two hours, which Tools wears on a belt. Or the coil recharger can be plugged directly into a wall outlet. A small controller, about the size of a palm, is also implanted in the chest to regulate blood flow. The tiny controller knows how to adjust to his body's need for higher or lower blood flow when he stands, sits, walks, or otherwise. But Tools' mobility is still limited. Most of the time, a mobility transmitter implanted in his chest broadcasts data to a computer in his hospital room so that doctors can continually monitor and fine-tune the blood flow.Tools says living with an artificial heart means adjusting to some strange new sensations. "The biggest thing is getting used to not having a heart beat, except a whirring sound, and that makes me realize that I'm alive because I can hear it without a stethoscope."Statements:(T) 1. Robert Tools suffered from several health conditions before his operation.(F) 2. Doctors decided to put an artificial heart in Tools' body because there was no suitable donor heart available.(T) 3. Tools' artificial heart was implanted in his chest along with a couple of other devices.(F) 4. Tools now must carry an external battery pack with him all the time.(T) 5. Tools' blood flow can be remote-controlled by doctors in the hospital.(F) 6. Tools' artificial heart is made of plastic materials.(T) 7. His new heart allows Tools to move about more than two hours at a time.(F) 8. Before Tools, a few artificial heart implant operations had been performed on other persons but all of them had failed.。
新视野大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文
Uint1Task 2: Big John is coming!A bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender. This (S1) owner of the establishment is giving his new hire some instructions on (S2) running the place. He tells the timid man, “If you ever hear that Big John is coming to town, (S3) drop everything and run for the hills! He’s the biggest, nastiest (S4) outlaw who’s ever lived!”A few weeks pass (S5)uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand comes running through town (S6) yelling, “Big John is coming! Run for your (S7) lives!”When the bartender leaves the bar to start running, he is knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As he’s picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. He’s muscular, and is growing as he approaches the bar.He steps up to the door, orders the poor barkeep inside, and demands, “I want a beer NOW!”He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bites the top of the bottle off, and downs the beer in one gulp. As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar, the big man gets up to leave, “Do you want another beer?” the bartender asks in a trembling voice. “Dang it, I don’t have time!” the big man yells, (S10) “I got to get out of town! Don’t you hear Big John is coming?”Uint2Task 2: The Voice LiftAfter the face-lift, the forehead tightened, and the (S1) nose job, something still might be revealing your age: your (S2) voice.For patients who think their trembly, hoarse words don’t (S3) match their newly face and figure, there’s a procedure that claims to make them (S4) sound younger too: the voice lift.There are two general kinds of voice lifts. In some cases, implants (S5) inserted through an incision in the (S6)neck bring the vocal cords closer together. Doctors also use injections of (S7) fat or other substances to plump up the cords, so that the voice sounds younger.(S8) The voice lift is becoming more widely known among an aging population, who try to make themselves sound younger.“I speak in a great deal, or I was shouting, on a particular day, at the end of the day, I would feel exhausted,” said Robert Brown, 75, (S9) a retired construction engineer who underwent the voice lift several years ago, “I don’t know if I sound younger, but the hoarseness is gone, which is such a great improvement.”(S10)Voice lift can also benefit people like performers, lawyers, teachers, and telephone operators who need to have a strong voice and hope to shave years off the sound of their voice.Uint3Task 2: Flooding in Haiti and the Dominican RepublicThe death too continues to (S1) climb from last week’s flooding in Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The U.S. Agency for International Development (S2) reports that at least1,068 people are dead, 1,600 are (S3) missing, and 25,000 are in need of emergency food and other forms of (S4)assistance. In Dominican Republic, 414 are dead and 274 are missing, all from the townof Jimani.A key(S5)factor in the widespread destruction is the extensive deforestation and the (S6) presence of settlements along the floodplains of rivers.The flooding was driven by intense rainfall. A low-pressure system (S7) originating in Central America brought exceptionally heavy rain and thunderstorms to Haiti and the Dominican Republic from May 18 t o25. (S8) Rainfall exceeded 500 mm (or 19.7 inches) along the border areas of Haiti and the Dominican Republic during that period. At the town of Jimani, Dominican Republic, 250mm (or 10 inches) of rain fell in just 24 hours, causing the Solie River to overflow its banks from May24 to 25.The heavy rainfall resulted in flash flooding and extensive debris flowed over the entire region. Swollen rivers and debris cut off many of the roads traversing the area along the base of the mountains. (S9) This made it difficult for humanitarian relief worker to rescue stranded people and deliver badly. Now people want to know: How often do floods and related landmass movement also caused landsides in a few places.(S10)Analysis of the past date shows that major floods in the Dominican Republic and Haiti are now a near-annual event. Since 1986, twelve lethal events have occurred on the island.Uint4Task 2: SOHOThe modern concept of small office and home office, or small and home office, often (S1) shorted to SOHO, is concerned with business that employ from one to ten workers. Also (S2) known as a virtual business, the SOHO has not evolved beyond the idea of an (S3)independent business person who has a few support stall members.Business (S4)enterprises that are large are often called Small and Medium-sized Enterprises.Before the19th century and the (S5) spread of the industrial revolution around the globe, (S6) nearly all offices were small offices or home offices, with only a few exceptions. Most businesses were small, and (S7) so was the amount of paperwork that went with their business activities.At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, the term “Small or Home Office” and (S8) the acronym SOHO have been used t to great extent by companies that sell products to large number of small business with a small-sized office.Some products are often designed specifically for the SOHO market. (S9) Many books are written and sold specifically for this type of office to tell people how to equip a small office.Nowadays many consultants, lawyers, and real estate agents in small and medium- sized towns operate from such home offices.(S10) In the field of software development, engineers often have to work 20 hours or more at a stretch, so they can hardly adapt to normal office hours. They often work in small offices to have more freedom.Uint5Task 2: A Hard-nosed BossMr. Stone was known far and wide as a hard-nosed boss who (S1)watched his employees like a hawk. He was making one of his regular tours of the factory (S2)when he spotted a young man leaning against a (S3)pile of boxes just outside the foreman’s office. Since George, the foreman, wasn’t around. Stone stood off to the side and watched to see just how ling the young menwould stand (S4) around doing nothing.The young man yawned, scratched his head, looked at his watch, and sat on the floor. After ten minutes or so he yawned again and (S5) leaned back on the pile of boxes.Stone stepped from his (S6) hiding place and walked up to the young man. “You!” he yelled, “How much do you make a week?”The young man looked up (S7) indifferently. “Two hundred and fifty dollars,” He said.(S8) Stone rushed into the cashier’s office, took$250 from the cash box, and returned. “Take it,” he said, “and get out! Don’t let me see you around here again!”The young man took the cash, put it in his pocket, and left. (S9) Seeing the young man showed no sign of embarrassment, Stone got furious. Then he went looking for George. When he found him, Stone was red with anger. “That lazy boy in front of your office,” Stone said, “I just gave him a week’s pay and fired him. What’s the matter with you, letting him stand around as though he has nothing to do?”“You mean the kid in the red shirt?” George asked.“Yes! The kid in the red shirt!”George said, “(S10)He was waiting for the 20 dollars we owe him for lunch. He works for the coffee shop around the corner.”Uint6Task 2: Is it really bad luck?Are you worried because you have just broken a mirror? Some people believe that breaking a mirror is a (S1) terrible thing to do. They say it will bring you seven years of (S2) misfortune. The reason behind this belief stems the old idea that a person’s soul is in their (S3) reflection, so that if you smash your mirror, you soul will be (S4) damaged too, dooming you do an early death, and not giving you entry to (S5) heaven. Is there any way to reverse this bad luck? Yes—if you very carefully (S6)pick up all the broken pieces of the mirror and throw them into a river or stream, then the bad luck will be”(S7) washed away”..Of all number, 13 is the most associated with bad luck. (S8) Some people claim that the number is bad luck because thirteen people sat down for the Last Supper before Jesus was crucified, and with this in mind few hosts will serve dinner with thirteen at the table. And according to an ancient Norwegian tale, twelve gods had gathered for a feast when a thirteenth, Loke, entered. After the meal, Loke killed Balder, who was the most beloved of all the gods.(S9) Friday the thirteenth of any month is considered especially bad or unlucky, and Friday the thirteenth of March is the worst of the all. The number seven also has some superstition connected to it. It is said that God created the world in seven days, and any association with the number is luck. The seventh son of the seventh son is said to be the luckiest of men, and (S10) When people talk about the “seven-year itch” they mean that every seven years a person undergoes a complete change in personality.。
大学英语教材4听力原文
大学英语教材4听力原文Unit 1 Life ChangesPart A1. W: I can't believe it's been four years since we started university.M: Yeah, time really flies. It feels like it was just yesterday when we were freshmen.Q: What are the speakers talking about?2. W: I've been feeling so stressed out lately. I have exams coming up next week.M: I understand how you feel. Make sure you take breaks and give yourself time to relax.Q: Why is the woman feeling stressed?3. M: I applied for an internship at a big law firm. I really hope I get it.W: Don't worry, you have a lot of experience and your grades are excellent. I'm sure you'll get the job.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: Are you going to the club meeting tonight?M: No, I decided to quit. I need to focus on my studies and part-time job.Q: Why is the man quitting the club?5. W: I can't believe my brother is getting married next month. It feels like he was just a baby yesterday.M: I know what you mean. Time really does fly by.Q: What is the woman surprised about?Part BDirections: You will hear information about a university course. Listen carefully and answer the questions.Good morning, everyone. I'm here to introduce a new course that will be offered next semester. The course is called "Introduction to Environmental Science." This course would be of interest to students from different academic backgrounds, as it covers a wide range of topics related to the environment.Firstly, let me provide you with an overview of the course content. The course will explore major environmental issues, such as climate change, pollution, and resource depletion. We will discuss the causes and consequences of these issues, as well as potential solutions. Students will have the opportunity to develop a holistic view of the environment and understand the interconnectedness of various environmental processes.The course will consist of lectures, guest speakers, and group discussions. We will also incorporate field trips to environmental organizations and research institutes, allowing students to apply their knowledge in real-world settings. This hands-on experience will enhance students' understanding and give them a chance to engage with professionals working in the field.Assessment for the course will be based on class participation, assignments, and a final exam. This will encourage students to actively participate in discussions and apply what they have learned to solve environmental problems. Additionally, students will have the option to work on a group project, where they can further explore a specific environmental issue and propose solutions.The prerequisites for this course are an introductory science course and good English proficiency. It is open to both undergraduate and graduate students. For those interested, registration will open next week, and limited seats are available. I encourage you to take advantage of this opportunity to expand your knowledge and contribute to environmental sustainability.That's all for today's introduction. If you have any further questions, please feel free to ask. Thank you.6. What is the purpose of the talk?7. What topics will be covered in the course?8. How will students apply their knowledge in the course?9. What will assessment be based on?10. Who can take the course?Unit 2 Cultural DifferencesPart A1. W: I was surprised to learn that people in this country eat dinner so late in the evening.M: Yes, it's quite different from what I'm used to back home. But I've gotten used to it now.Q: What does the man say about the dinner time in this country?2. W: Excuse me, is it okay to give a gift with one hand in this culture?M: No, it's considered impolite. It's better to use both hands when presenting a gift.Q: What does the man say about giving gifts in this culture?3. M: I find it fascinating how people here greet each other with a bow.W: Yes, it's a sign of respect and politeness in this culture.Q: What do the speakers say about the bowing greeting in this culture?4. W: When I traveled to another country, I found the local customs and traditions to be very different from my own.M: That's what makes traveling so interesting. You get to experience different cultures firsthand.Q: What does the man say about traveling?5. M: I'm having a hard time adjusting to the food here. It's so different from what I'm used to.W: It takes time to get used to new flavors and cuisines. Don't worry, you'll adapt eventually.Q: What advice does the woman give to the man?Part BDirections: You will hear a conversation between a professor and a student who is studying abroad. Listen carefully and answer the questions.Professor: So, how are you finding your study abroad experience so far?Student: It's been great, Professor! I'm really enjoying it. The only thing is, I sometimes feel overwhelmed by the cultural differences.Professor: That's perfectly normal. It can be a bit challenging at first. Which aspect of the culture do you find the most different?Student: The concept of personal space is something I'm still trying to get used to. In my home country, people tend to keep a larger distance when talking to each other. Here, it's much closer, which I find a bit uncomfortable.Professor: Ah, yes. That's a common observation. In this country, physical closeness is seen as a sign of friendliness and warmth. People often stand closer to each other when conversing. It's an interesting cultural difference, isn't it?Student: It definitely is. I'm slowly adapting, but it still feels awkward at times. Another thing I've noticed is that punctuality is highly valued here. Back home, being a few minutes late is usually not a big deal. But here, it seems like everyone is always on time for appointments.Professor: Yes, that's true. Being on time is considered a sign of respect for others' time. It's important to be mindful of that cultural expectation. Are there any other cultural differences that have stood out to you?Student: Well, the food is quite different too. The flavors, spices, and even the eating etiquette are all new to me. It's been an adventure trying outnew dishes, though. I've discovered some amazing flavors I didn't know existed before.Professor: That's one of the joys of traveling and experiencing different cultures. It broadens your perspective and introduces you to new and exciting things. Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any more questions or concerns about adjusting to the cultural differences. I'm here to support you throughout your study abroad journey.11. What does the student find challenging about the cultural differences?12. How do people in the country view physical closeness when conversing?13. Why is punctuality highly valued in the country?14. What does the student say about the food in the country?15. According to the professor, what is one of the benefits of experiencing different cultures?。
大学英语4听说原文及翻译
大学英语4听说原文及翻译Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. This is your captain speaking. On behalf of the crew, let me extend a very warm welcome to all of you who have chosen to fly Air China. Our plane is bound for New York on the east coast of the United States. Ours is a direct flight. It will take thirteen and a half hours to reach our destination on July 19, at 1: 30 p.m. local time.May I draw your attention to the Safety Flight leaflet which you’ll find in the pocket at the back of the seat in front of you? We do ask tha t you read it. You’ll also find an Air China magazine which you may find of interest. For those of you not familiar with this type of aircraft, let me inform you that smoking is strictly prohibited at any time during the flight. Nor is the use of mobile phones allowed on board of our aircraft We have a duty-free bar on board and cigarettes, spirits, beer and mineral water will be on sale during the flight. We will serve three meals during the entire flight, lunch, dinner and breakfast. For those of you who are vegetarian, please contact a member of the cabin crew beforehand. If you have any questions please do not hesitate to ask a member of the cabin crew. Our plane will take off shortly. Would you now please make sure that your seat belts are securely fastened in preparation for take-oft’? May I wish you a pleasant flight! Thank you女士们，先生们，晚上好.这是机长。
新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册听力原文译文unit7—10
71、芭芭拉:杰克,你坐在你的电脑前一次!大海和沙滩只是步骤只离开。
你为什么要浪费这些美丽的假期吗?今年夏天将超过在你知道之前。
杰克:我不浪费假期就像你说的。
计算机是一件好事。
在网上,你可以去世界的任何一个地方,我可以看到世界上的一切。
它比现实更真实。
芭芭拉:但是…但是你不能在你的整个夏天看着屏幕。
你会得到一个大的底部。
杰克:我不只是盯着屏幕。
我做了大量的嘶声,我发电子邮件,我正在学习的东西,我在聊天室聊天…芭芭拉:没错!但我打赌你花大量的时间玩电脑利润颇丰浪费时间的,盲目的活动,我将把你的大脑进入中国doufoo。
杰克:不,它不是一个盲目的消遣。
它的许多活动:角色扮演游戏,街机游戏,冒险游戏,战略游戏…芭芭拉:我懂电脑是一件美妙的事,但你必须小心不要太好东西的许多。
每个生命都需要一些品种在它。
这将是一个健康得多,如果你在户外玩象棋游戏,在公园里。
杰克:它不会是相同的。
在那些游戏中在公园里我不能发挥对莫斯科的大师,我能吗?和有创造性的游戏在计算机,在那里我可以学习城市规划和心理学。
芭芭拉:嗯,我怎么样?你不觉得我像一个小的注意呢?杰克:现在,宝贝,你这是什么话啊。
毕竟这个时间在一起,你知道我爱你。
芭芭拉:我不太确定任何更多的。
是时候你已经做出了选择。
将会有更多的我或电脑了吗?杰克:嗯…2、魔术师是工作在一个豪华游轮在加勒比海。
(S1)每周观众不同,于是魔术师也做了同样的把戏(S2)一遍又一遍地。
他觉得能够迷住了观众(S3)每当他想。
只有一个问题:船长的(S4)鹦鹉看每场秀,开始理解(S5)魔术师在每个把戏了。
在他明白,他开始咆哮在中间的显示。
“看,这是不一样的(S6)的帽子!“看,他就藏在桌子底下的花朵!“嘿,为什么所有的(S7)卡黑桃a吗?”(S8)魔术师非常愤怒。
每次只鹦鹉透露他的一个秘密,这引起了观众的一阵爆笑。
他想当性能黑暗而神秘变成了一部喜剧。
他气坏了。
(学生9)他梦寐以求的各种方式,他可以消除麻烦的鸟。
新视野大学英语视听说第4册听力原文及答案Unit8
Uint8II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM:Scentists claim the world population has 99.5% of the same DNA. W: But this doesn’t tell us there is no such thing as race.Q: What is true of the DNA of difference races?2.ScriptW: With the advent of the genetic map we know where everything is, but do we know where to go with it?M: Your map seems to differ largely from my geographical map!Q: What does the man imply?3.ScriptM: As you know, it has taken millions of years of evolution and natural selection to get us where we are today.W: Yes, but now that we have genetic engineering, we seem to have decided that we want to be God.Q: What does the woman imply?4.ScriptM: I think the research into cloning will lead us into dangers, filling us with false hopes of perfection.W: It’s too late to turn back the clock. We’ll just have to depend on common sense to solve uncommon problems.Q: What does the woman mean?5.ScriptW: In America, many prisoners are having their cases reviewed, and some have even been freed through DNA testing.M: Except for the ones whose death sentence has already been carried out.Q: What can we learn about DNA testing from the dialog?Keys: 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.CIII. Listening InTask 1: Stem Cell ResearchScriptGregory: The Republican party in America is opposing stem cell research.I find ithard to believe that in this day and age, someone would do that. Lillian: Stem cell research sounds pretty impressi ve, I’ll admit. But just what is it?Gregory: Well, a stem cell is a special type of cell. It is a general cell that, when itdevides, can become any specific type of cell.Lillian: You mean, a stem cell can become a heart cell? Or a brain or a kidney cell?Gregory: That’s about it. Stem cells are a part of the body’smaintenance and repairsystem. When they divide, they can become any cell type. Lillian: I guess there would be some tremendous medical advantages in that sort ofresearch.Gregory: You’ve said a mouthful. Recently, scientists were able to help a man wholost a jawbone for cancer. They recreated bone material for hisjaw from stem cells. What it means is that since the new bone wascreated out of the person’s own cells, there was no problemwith rejection because the DNA was the same.Lillian: I bet the person was delighted. Why would anyone oppose that sort of research? It would seem to have endless potential tobenefit the human race.Gregory: I agree, but there are people who think we should not interfere with nature and manipulate “what is natural”.Lillian: It’s easier to hold such a narrow view if you’re not in a position to need the benefits of the research. If you’re missing a jawbonebecause of cancer, you probably support the research.1.What is the passage mainly about?2.Who is against stem cell research?3.What is special about a stem cell?4.When can a stem cell become another cell type?5.According to the passage, why do some people oppose stem cellresearch?Keys: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.DTask 2: The Improvement of RiceScriptScientists now know a lot more about a grain that people have eaten for ten thousand years. (S1) Research teams around the world have completed a map of the (S2) genes of rices. The findings appeared last week in the (S3) journal Nature.The aim is to speed up the improvement of rice. The scientists (S4) warn that the kinds of rice plants used now have reached the limit of their (S5) productivity. Yet world rice production must (S6) grow by an estimated 30 percent in the next twenty to meet demand. By 2025, as many as 4.6 billion people will depend on rice for (S7) survival. There is a lot of pressure on breeders to improve the crop, and the rice genome is a valuable tool to do that. (S8) Plant breeders have already used preliminary information from the rice genome to create experimental strains of rice that better resist cold and pests.The researchers also say rice is an excellent choice for genetic mapping and engineering. Rice genes have only about 390 million chemical bases.That maight sound like a lot. But other major food grains have thousands of millions. (S9) The new map could better explain more than just rice. Rice shares a common ancestor with other cereal crops. Because rice is the first cereal crop to be fully analyzed, researchers expect that sufficient knowledge of its genetic information will reveal the heredity of more complex grains, including corn, wheat and barley.(S10) While significant progress has been made in the analysis of the rice genome, the mapping of human genes is also making headway. When scientists can identify and manipulate genes that cause certain diseases, mankind will cure them easily. The human genetic map may help us control a person’s height, weight, appearance and even length of life.Task3: The First Cloned CatScriptIn the age-old battle of cats and dogs, score one for the cats. Researchers at Texas A&M University recently announced that they have successfully cloned a cat name Rainbow—the first pet ever cloned—after several years of unsuccessful efforts to clone a dog name Missy.The ork, financed by a company hoping to provide pet-cloning services to wealthy owners, adds cats to a growing list of successfully cloned animals that includes pigs, sheep, cattle and mice.The success demonstrates cloning is a technology that could betransferred to other animal families as well. The accomplishment may provide new tools for studying diseases such as cats’ AIDS, a valuable research model for AIDS in humans.Research into animal cloning remains an important scientific alternative until the issue of human cloning is settled. And that seems unlikly in the immediate future, for it involves religious and moral principles. There are, for example, groups that insist no one should be allowed to take on the role of God the Creator.To create cloned cat embryos for the experiment, researchers transferred DNA from adult cat cells into egg cells stripped of their own genetic information. Out of 82 attempts with cloned embryos, one attempt resulted in a failed pregnancy, and another yielded a kitten named CC, delivered from a surrogate mother on December 22. The kitten’s name refers to “Carbon Copy” and “Copycat”, the name of the cloning project.Cloning attempts with dogs have proven unsuccessful in part because dogs’reproductive cycles are more complicated.The technique may also work with endangered cats such as the African wildcat, fishing cat and blackfooted cat.Ironically, the increased knowledge of cat reproduction may best be suited for developing cat contraceptives to control the U.S. cat population.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?1.What did researchers at Texas A&M University recently announce?2.Which animals are NOT mentioned in the passage as having beencloned?3.According to the passage, why is human cloning unlikely to happen inthe near future?4.What does the passage say about the pregnancy and birth in catcloning?Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.CIV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 Why are people protesting againstgenetically modified foods?Susan:With so many people suffering from malnutrition around the world,why are people protesting against genetically modified foods?Chris: Some people are protesting about genetically modified foods, but even more people are protesting the fact that processed foods containing these ingredients aren’t labeled.Susan: But why should they be labeled?Chris: Not everyone is sure that genetically modified foods are safe. They want to be certain that biotech foods have the sme composition as organic foods.Susan: But there are more urgent problems in this world. Many people are dying of starvation.Chris: But those who aren’t starving may want genetically modified foods to be labeled so they know what foods they should andd shouldn’t eat.Susan: Y ou know, I heard of a genetically modified fish that grew to be ten times its normal size.Chris: That sure sounds abnormal.Susan: Yeah, it does sound a bit strange , but that fish could feed ten times as many people.Chris: You’re right; genetically modified food might help solve world hunger. But I think we have a right to know what we are eating.MODEL2 Do you think the cloning of humansshould be forbidden by law?ScriptSusan: After the cloning of Dolly the sheep, I think human cloning is next.John: Whoa. I have some reservations about it. There are stll many scientific problemsto solve before human cloning starts.Susan: There’s an easier way. The Clonaid Company says they’vecloned humans.John: Oh, my God! These guys claim aliens from another planet taught them humancloning.Susan: A woman gave them half a million dollars to clone her dead daughter.John: Clearly that woman doesn’t know much about cloning. How risky it is!Susan: I know it’s inefficient. It took 276 tries to produce Dolly. But why is it risky?John: Cloned animals grow abnormally large and age unnaturally fast. Susan: In other words, that woman may not be happy with her cloned daughter.John: Then there are the emotions. No one knows if cloning damages the mind.Susan: Do you think the cloning of humans should be forbidden by law? John: To my mind, the cloning of human organs shouldn’t be prohabited. It may helpsolve medical problems.Susan: I see your point: cloning should be regulated if it’s to benefit humanity.MODEL3 Is it interfering with nature?ScriptNora: Some religious groups are opposed to genetic research. They believe it’s interfering with nature.John: I know. But nature can be pretty hard-nosed too, so we often need to interfere with her—we build dams to control flooding.Nora: There’re many diseases that are a part of nature, and they cause people a great deal of misery: cancer and diabetes, for example. John: A better understanding of the genetic code that controls our body would be a great help in curing many diseases.Nora: The project to map the human genetic code…what’s that called? John: The genome project. As you say, it has tremendous promise to make our lives better—just in the ability to identify and correct genetically-caused diseases like Alzheimer’s.Nora: Some diseases like cancer are also believed to have a genetic switch.John: That’s right, and once researchers identify the switch, perhaps they can turn o ff cancer or Alzheimer’s.Nora: People are also concerned that science will enable us to determine such qualities as intelligence and height.John: You know it’s going to happen—it’s just a matter of when. Nora: Imagine if everyone was a combination of Yao Ming and AlbertEinstein.John: But what if they get it wrong, and you wind up with Yao Ming’s knowledge of nuclear physics and Albert Einstein’s height? Nora: All those religious groups would say that it served you right.Now Your TurnTask 1SAMPLE DIALOGJane: Some countries are suffering from crop failure and famine, but why do they refuse genetically modified crops and foods?Bob: And many Europeans insist that processed foods containing GM ingredients belabeled.Jane: Why should they be labeled?Bob: Not everyone is sure that genetically modified foods are safe. They want to certain that biotech foods have the same composition as traditional foods.Jane: But there are more urgent problems in this world. Many people are dying of famine.Bob: But th ose who aren’t hungry may want all genetically modified products to be labeled so they know exactly what they’re eating. Jane: You know, I’ve heard of a GM fish that was ten times larger than anormal fish.Bob: That really sounds abnormal.Jane: Some famine-stricken people are afraid GM crops will overpower and eliminate their native crops.Bob: Sounds alarming.Jane: Yeah, but GM foods can feed many people.Bob: You’re right; they could solve the problem of starvation in the world. But I think we have a right to know what we are eating. GM food should be labeled.V. Let’s TalkScriptCorrespondent: In the U.S. what percentage of people support biotech crops? And do those who support biotech crops also eatbiotech foods? What percentage of food on the markethas genetically modified ingredients?Professor: U.S. consumers have been exposed to a very effective anti-biotechnology propaganda campaign for the last fewyears, but according to polls, over 70% supportbiotechnology. For example, in a recent referendum inOregon, voters rejected a proposal to require speciallabels on all products containing biotech ingredients byan overwhelming 73% to 27%. That’s probably becauseconsumers know that we have an effective administrativesystem. Many may also know that 70-80% of theprocessed food products on supermarket shelves containone or more ingredients from biotech crops. AllAmericans eat biotech foods unless they deliberately seekout products that are labeled otherwise. Evidencesuggests that this is less than 5% of consumers. Correspondent: Chinese scientists have used biotechnology to create a new type of tomato, which contains the vaccine againsthepatitis B. What’s your take on this?Professor: It’s a great example of how this technology can be use d to save lives, ease pain and suffering and improve thehuman condition. How can anyone be opposed to that?My only hope is that the clinical trials of this new tomatogo well, and that it is quickly delivered to health-careproviders who will use it to vaccinate people againsthepatitis. By the way, please note that I do think that suchnew pharmaceutical foods need to be handled asmedicines by professionals and not as conventional foods.You will never see these tomatoes in the supermarket. In asense, the tomato plant is just being used to manufacturea vaccine in a very safe and economical manner.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Confident enough to control your fate? ScriptSome people are born with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate. New research shows that part of those feelings are in the genes.Psychologists have long known that people confident in their ability to control their fates are more likely to adjust well to growing old than those who feel they drift on the currents of fate.Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence, or lack of it, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.They also found that the belief in blind luck—a conviction that chance plays a big role in life—is something learned in life and has nothing to do with heredity.The research was conducted by Nancy Pedersen, a professor of psychology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. The results were recently published in the United States in the Journal ofGerontology.People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an “internal locus of control”, and have a better chance of being well adjusted in their old age, said Pedersen. An “external locus of control”,believing that outside fo rces determine the course of life, has been linked to depression in latter years, she said.“We are trying to understand what makes people different. What makes some people age slowly and others have a more difficult time?” she said.The study showed that while people have an inborn tendency toward independence and self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person’s environment and lifetime experiences. Pedersen’s studies, with various collaborators, investigate the aging process by comparing sets of twins, most of whom were separated at an early age.The subjects were drawn from a list first compiled about 30 years ago, registering all twins born in Sweden since 1886. The complete list, which was extended in 1971, has 95,000 sets of twins.1.Which of the following is concerned with blind luck?2.Which of the following is related to an external locus of control?3.According to the passage, what is true of one’s inborn tendencytowards self-confidence?4.What subjects were mostly us ed in Pedersen’s studies?5.What is the main idea of the passage?Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.DTask 2: Is it moral to clone humans?ScriptLaura: Did you hear about that peculiar cult that claimed to have created the world’s first human clone?Ian: Yeah, I did! They also said that it was aliens that created life on earth over 25,000 years ago. What are they on?Laura: I know! It was so obviously just part of an elaborate hoax to bring publicity to their crazy movement. But I don’t think the truth can be far off. Scientists have been working on it for years.Ian: Sure, but most scientists are working on cloning human cells or body parts that can be used to repair or replace damaged organs.Not complete human beings! That’s just science fiction! Laura: Well, the science may seem to be very advanced, but the idea is not a new one. In A Journey to the West, Sun Wu-kung, the Monkey King, can clone himself from the hairs on his head. He just plucks a few hairs, chews them a bit, and when he spits them out, they change into replicas of him!Ian: Really? Now that would be cool! You could send your clone toschool while you went to the cinema, and then it could do your homework! Wow! Now that I think of it, it would be kind of fun to have a clone!Laura: You woul d say that! Don’t you think it’s slightly immoral? I mean, it’s just like having a slave. Doesn’t the clone deserve a life of his own?Ian: Sure, but human beings must learn to strike a balance between the welfare of a patient and of a clone.Keys: 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.TTask3: A Drunkard’s ArgumentScriptHere’s drunkard’s argument in favor of heavy drinking.We would learn more about human bihavior if we paid closer attention to the laws at work in the animal kingdom.“Only the fittest survive” is a law that is apparent everywhere in the natural world. Human beings could certainly benefit from a close study of how this law operates among, for example, the wild buffalo.A herd of buffalo moves only as fast as the slowest buffalo. When the herd is hunted, it is the slowest and weakest animals at the back that are killed first. This is natural selection, and it is good for the herd. The general speed and health of the group keeps improving with regularkilling of the weaker memebers.The same process of survival of the fittest is to be observed by looking closely at the human brain, which can operate only as fast as the slowest brain cells. Excessive consumption of alcohol, as we all know, kills brain cells. Just like the less vigorous buffalo at the back of the herd, the weakest and slowest brain cells are destroyed first.In this way the principles of natural selection become evident. Regular consumption of large amounts of beer eliminates the weaker brain cells, making the brain a faster and more efficient machine. It is therefore not suprising that one also feels smarter after drinking several glasses of beer.News ReportBioinformaticsScriptIt’s a complex name for a complex subject. Bioinformatics is the key to figuring out the wealth of information in the human genome project. Researchers have nearly mapped out all of the 30,000 genes that make up human DNA, but making sense of useful data is not easy.The company Double Twist is a pioneer in the business of bioinformatics.［SOUND BITE］Double Twist works mainly with information that is also available to the public,sifting through data to find what may help link a biological problem like cancer, to its possible cure.［SOUND BITE］The company then sells software and data to pharmaceutical companies, biotech companies, and academic institutions, which use them in their work. This provides a solution to help people better understand data from the human genome project.［SOUND BITE］Bioinformatics speeds up drug development and provides more accurate research.［SOUND BITE］Human Genome Sciences takes the process one step further. It uses bioinformatics to develop drugs using its own genomic information.［SOUND BITE］Right now, Human Genome Sciences has four new drugs being tested that are the results of genomic research. Bioinformatics systems developed within the company played an important role in discovering these drugs.［SOUND BITE］Bioinformatics can also bring much quicker returns for investors.［SOUND BITE］-------------精选文档-----------------Even though its role is crucial, bioinformatics if only a small part of the overall$305 billion biotech sector, accounting for only about $2.23 billion.But some investors believe that bioinformatics has great potential.［SOUND BITE］So unless drug companies start developing their own bioinformatics systems or partner with companies that can provide them, they may get left behind in the race to discover new drugs.可编辑。
全新版大学英语听说教程 4 听力原文
全新版听说教程4 听力原文Unit 1 One WorldPart BListening TasksA ConversationBirthday Celebrations Around the WorldExercise 1Listen to the conversation and write down answers to the questions you hear.Chairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World.Tonight we have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations around the world.With us in the studio we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane,who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star. Shaheen: Good evening.Pat: Good evening.Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you.How are birthdays celebrated in India? Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that everyone in the world celebrates their birthday. This just isn't the case.Low-income families in India, for instance,simply can't afford any festivities.And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here.The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays.Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays.In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia, for example, the rich people invite friends and families around.But not in small villages. Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one.But now it seems to have moved to eighteen.Is that true?Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday.In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote,you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on. But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty before you can smoke or drink. Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country,girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen.And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.Chairman: That's interesting.I mean is it typical that around the world girls are considered to be more mature than boys?Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and in Mexico and Argentina,for example, they have enormous parties for fifteen-year-old girls.Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty.It's kind of embarrassing.I mean you get pepper thrown at you.Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?Pat: I'm not really sure.Shaheen: So does that mean that on your twenty-ninth birthday you can start thinking "God I better get married"?Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth,sixtieth and so on. Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...Chairman: Eighty-eighth?Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday.Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.Questions1. What is One World?2. What is the topic of the program?3. What do Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane do?4. Why don't some people in India celebrate their birthdays?5. Why is the eighteenth birthday so important in Finland?6. Why can girls in some countries get to vote at an earlier age than boys?7. Which of the countries mentioned in the conversation are Muslim countries?Exercise 2Listen to the conversation again and decide if each of the statements you hear is true (T) or false (F).Statements1. The program is broadcast in Canada every day.2. People everywhere in the world celebrate their birthdays.3. Many Muslims do not celebrate their birthdays for religious reasons.4. In England, the twenty-first birthday is very important,which is unusual in the West.5. The twenty-first birthday is very important in Japan.6. In Norway, young men and women usually get married before thirty to avoid having pepper thrown at them.7. Eighteen is a very lucky number in Japan.8. It can be concluded that our world is made more colorful by the many different ways birthdays are observed in different countries.Speaking TasksPair WorkA. Reflections on the textYou have just heard a program about birthday celebrations around the world.What do you think of the celebrations?Why is it that some people do not celebrate their birthdays?What does your birthday mean to you?Exchange views with your partner.You may mention the following points in your discussion.○ what birthdays mean to you○ how birthdays are observed around the world○ why some people don't celebrate their birthdaysB. Picture talk — Talking about wedding customsA SampleMost people in the world hold a wedding ceremony when they get married.However, like birthday celebrations,wedding celebrations are conducted in different ways,depending on where you live, which religion you believe in,and how good is your financial situation.The following are three groups of pictures showing three wedding ceremonies held in different places and at different times.Give a brief description of each picture and then make a comparison between the three weddings.Possible Description (for reference)Pictures (a) — (c) show a typical wedding ceremony held in a church in a Western country.In the first picture, the bride is seen walking down the aisle,leaning on her father's arm.She is wearing a white wedding gown and holding a bouquet of flowers in her right hand.All eyes turn to her as she slowly moves forward to take her place beside the bridegroom in front of the clergyman.In Picture (b) we can see the clergyman presiding over the wedding ceremony.He is asking the bride and the bridegroom the usual questions on such an occasion.In Picture (c) the parents of the bride and the bridegroom are giving a large party in a garden. Guests arrive in formal evening dress.There is music and dancing.Pictures (d) — (e) present a traditional Chinese wedding held at home.In Picture (d), we can see a hall thronged with people.There are red lanterns hanging on both sides of the hall.On the lanterns are written the Chinese character "double happiness".In Picture (e) we can see the bridegroom's parents seated in high-backed chairs.The bride and bridegroom are bowing to them.The bridegroom in his long gown looks very respectful.The bride is dressed in bright red but we can't see her face since it is covered with a piece of red cloth. Along the two sides of the wedding hall stand the family members,relatives and friends. Pictures (f) — (h) show a wedding banquet held in a big restaurant in China.In Picture (f), we can see the bride and the bridegroom standing at the entrance greeting the guests. The bride wears a long white dress, and the bridegroom is in a tuxedo.In Picture (g), we find ourselves in a large banquet hall,decorated with the cheerful colors of a wedding party.About a hundred guests are seated around tables that are graced with all kinds of delicious food and drinks. The host, who is the father of the bridegroom, is making a speech,expressing his thanks to the guests for coming to his son's wedding.In Picture (h) the bride has changed to a traditional Chinese red gown, or qipao,which is elegantly cut and shows her fine figure.She and the bridegroom are going round the tables,exchanging toasts and sharing a joyful moment with the guests.Comparing From the pictures, we can see that a wedding is an important event everywhere in the world.It has been so in China, for example,from the old days to the present and the same holds true in Western countries.As a rule, there is a big ceremony,attended by family members, relatives and friends,who have come to share the joy of this special occasion in the lives of two people in love.Food is plentiful and laughter fills the air.To all those present, the ceremony is both sacred and joyous.However, while sacredness and joy are the spirit of all weddings,the way people observe the occasion varies from place to place and changes over time.This is reflected in various respects.First, in Western countries,many people get married in a church while in China this is rare.Second, Western people often choose a scenic spot to hold wedding parties whereas most people in China give their wedding parties either at home or in a restaurant.Third, in Western countries, the color of the bride's dress is white,which is a symbol of purity, while in China, traditionally,the color of the bride's dress is red, which is a symbol of happiness. ***** ***** ***** *****Now use the above sample as your model and carry on similar activities with your partner according to the pictures given below.Part CTest Your ListeningListen to the passage three times and supply the missing information.First ReadingOne World One Minute is a unique film project that invites participants in every country around the globe to record simultaneously one minute of their lives,one minute of our world.Sponsors of this project have chosen 12:48 GMT,September 11th, 2002 as the one minute to record.At that moment exactly a year earlier began the terrorist attacks that led to the deaths of more than 2,000 people from over 60 countries.For many this will be a time of remembrance and reflection.And for others this will be an appropriate time for international communication,cooperation and sharing.This is the idea behind the project One World One Minute.Participants are free to choose what and how to record their One Minute.Some may want to take photographs, some paint or draw pictures,while others may want to write something and record their readings.The material can be submitted to the project organizers in Scotland via e-mail or post within 6 weeks of September 11th.All the material will then be made into a feature-length film,which will capture that One Minute of our existence.The film will explore the rich diversity that is both humanity and our world.It will allow a voice to all people regardless of nationality, religion,race, political viewpoint, gender or age.The rich diversity that is Humanity shall be there for all to see. Participants will not only be kept informed of the progress of the film and the release process but will be invited to actively participate through newsletters and discussion forums.When the film is finished, it will be shown in every country of the world,both in cinemas and on TV.Contributors will be invited to attend the first public performance of the film in their respective countries and will receive a full screen credit on the finished production.Second ReadingFinal ReadingUnit 2 Anti-smokingPart BListening TasksA PassageLast Gasp for SmokersExercise 1Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.It was a normal day and in their New York office,Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break.But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee,Ken had to go outside.He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke.If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops.Throughout the United States,the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled.First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes,then in public places such as theaters and airports.Now you can't smoke in any workplace.Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle."Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say.If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette,but it may soon be banned there, too.In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already bannedin California.On August 9, 2001, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy,officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city.And since January 1, 2002all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste.Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes.Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week,or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin.And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure.It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke,they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world,smoking might one day be illegal.And then Ken will have to give up.Questions1. What is the main idea of the passage you've heard?2. What does the speaker think about banning smoking in public places?3. Where is smoking not banned according to the passage?4. Which of the following is true about nicotine?5. What can be inferred from the sentence"In the country that gave tobacco to the world,smoking might one day be illegal"?Exercise 2Listen to the passage again and complete the answers to the questions you hear.Questions1. Who has won the battle against smoking in the U.S.? How do you know?2. What did authorities in California do to restrict smoking?Speaking TasksPair WorkA. Reflections on the textYou have just heard a passage about the anti-smoking movement in the U.S.Do you agree with the policies mentioned to ban smoking in public places?What do you think about young people smoking?Why do they pick up smoking in the first place?What should we do to help them give up smoking?Exchange views with your partner.You may mention the following points in your discussion.○ importance of banning smoking in public places○ increase in the number of young smokers○ measures to discourage the young from picking up smoking○ finding out and campaigning against the r eal causes of young people smokingB. Debating — Arguments for or against banning smoking in restaurantsA SampleIn our city it is quite common to see diners smoking in restaurants,even when the air-conditioner is on and all the windows are shut.Some people are strongly against it and think the governmentshould put a ban on smoking in all air-conditioned areas.Others either take it for granted or do not care.What is your attitude on this issue?Express and defend your views from the perspectives given below.Topic: Should smoking be banned in restaurants?Perspectives:1. From the perspective of a customer (positive)2. From the perspective of a restaurant manager (negative)Possible Arguments (for reference)From the perspective of a customer (positive)I'm strongly against smoking in restaurants.I hate breathing in cigarette smoke while I'm eating, especially when the air-conditioner is on and all the windows are shut.Toxic tobacco smoke lingers on in the room,gets into my eyes, my hair, and my clothes.It makes me dizzy and even causes me headaches.As the restaurant becomes dangerously polluted with concentrated tobacco smoke,nonsmokers who must share the same enclosed environment with smokers run a higher risk of contracting smoking-related illnesses.Even if people around one table are all nonsmokers, they cannot avoid inhaling smoke from other tables.Statistics show that secondhand smoke is also a cause of lung cancer among nonsmokers.And if a pregnant woman happens to be there,she might run the risk of having a deformed baby.Secondhand smoke is also extremely harmful to young children and can cause asthma and bronchitis.We nonsmokers don't want to sacrifice our health for the selfish enjoyment of smokers.The restaurant, I think, should at least have a smoke-free area.The size of the area would depend on customer demand.Let the smokers enjoy themselves in a special room.Otherwise, I think I will stop patronizing (光顾) restaurants that do not have a smoke-free area and perhaps this will force them into creating one.From the perspective of a restaurant manager (negative)I know smoking is very harmful.For us who work in air-conditioned restaurants,inhaling secondhand smoke is certainly harmful to our health.But what can I do?How can I say "no" to the smokers in my restaurant?Most likely, they would not listen to me.If I insist, they would surely get very angry at me.Some of them might quarrel or even fight with me.And those who come with them would usually support them and criticize me. They might say: "It's none of your business.There is no regulation against smoking in restaurants. Why can't we smoke?" In that case, what could I say?It's true that there are no regulations banning smoking in restaurants.And other diners,though they are aware of the danger of inhaling secondhand smoke,may be either indifferent or intimidated from speaking out.I would be quite alone,and my effort to dissuade my customers from smoking would be in vain.What is worse, I don't think those customers would come to my restaurant again.And my business would suffer.***** ***** ***** *****Now use the above sample as your model and carry on similar activities with your partner.Part CTest Your ListeningListen to the conversation and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.W: Hey, Eric, have you read that letter in the paper about smoking this morning?Don't you think the person who wrote that has gone too far?M: I don't think so, Rose.To my mind the government should do everything it can to discourage people from smoking,especially the youngsters.W: Maybe so. But it seems a law banning cigarettes would do no good.M: No. You can't suddenly make smoking illegal.But the government could prohibit smoking in public places,like cinemas and theatres.W: I quite agree that smoking should be banned in public places.I don't smoke myself and cigarette smoking bothers me.But I don't know if it will work.You know, if you ban smoking in all public places,many smokers will want to do it.People always want to do things that they are not allowed to do.M: Yes, that's true.W: But I think people should be allowed to smoke in the street.Don't you think so?M: Not at all.Frankly I think smoking should be banned altogether in public and private places.In the first place it's a dirty habit.In the second place it's dangerous to your health.Questions1. What does the letter in the paper suggest that the government do?2. What do the two speakers have in common?3. What do you know about the woman?4. Which of the following is true of the man?Unit 3 MemoryPart BListening TasksA PassageHow Our Memory WorksExercise 1Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.Human beings have amazing memories.Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives,we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language.We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography,and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument.All these things and countless others depend on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors.Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others,in just the same way as some people are taller than others,or have different color eyes.Some top chess players, for example,can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly,research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain.Ideas, words,and numbers are stored in the left-hand side,while the right-hand side remembers images, sounds, and smells.In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other,and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily,but can't remember their names.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening,or dramatic events more easily.This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline,which boost your memory.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it.Tests on divers, for example,showed that when they learnedthings underwater,they could also remember those things best when they were stly, the more often you recall a memory, the more likely you are to remember it.If you don't use it, you'll lose it.A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily,but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Questions1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can be inferred from the passage?3. Which of the following is stated to be true?4. Why can we remember exciting, dramatic, or frightening events better?Exercise 2Listen to the passage again and fill in the following blanks with the missing information.Speaking TasksPair WorkA. Reflections on the textYou've just heard a passage about the importance of memory.Have you ever thought about how important your memory is?And have you ever complained that you have a bad memory?Exchange views with your partner.You may mention the following points in your discussion.○ the importance of memory○ factors influencing how well one's memory works○ ways to improve one's memoryB. Describing an unforgettable experienceA SampleIt is mentioned in the passage that exciting,frightening or dramatic events tend to leave a sharp impression on your memory.What is the most unforgettable experience in your life?Describe it to your partner.Possible Description (for reference)It was an extremely hot day in 1980.That night my roommate and I went to bed early.All of a sudden we felt that the whole building was shaking."It must be an earthquake," cried my roommate.Quickly she put on her dress and her shoes.On hearing what she said,I was frightened to death and my whole body froze, unable to move. Instead of putting on my clothes, I kept crying,"Please wait for me! Please don't leave me!"I was so afraid that she might ignore me and run out of the building to find a safe place for herself. Contrary to what I expected, she returned,stood by my bedside and waited for me patiently.She watched me clumsily put on my blouse and trousers and then we went downstairs together.Once we were out on the playground,my panic was gone and I was able to think.On recalling what I had required my roommate to do, I felt guilty.No one can tell what might happen next during an earthquake.By asking her to wait for me,I might have put her life in danger!She was too smart not to realize that, I think.But she waited for me anyway.How selfish I was!That earthquake and the courageous act of my roommate have always stayed in my mind,long after the event.***** ***** ***** *****Now use the above sample as your model and describe an unforgettable event to your partner.Part CTest Your ListeningListen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.To many people advancing age means losing your hair and your memory.But is it true that the older you get, the less you remember?Actually, in healthy people,memory doesn't deteriorate as quickly as many of us think.As we age, our memory mechanism isn't broken,it's just different. The brain's processing time slows down over the years.Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and that there's less activity in the part of the brain that decides whether to store information or not.There are steps you can take to improve your memory,though you have to work to keep your brain in shape.Some memory enhancement experts suggest we pay attention to what we want to remember.Then give some meaning to it.We remember things when we focus on them, whether we intend to or not.Basic organization helps us remember the boring stuff.For example, rather than trying to recall a random list of groceries,we can divide them into categories, such as dairy, meat, and produce.For important things like keys and money,we can set up a "forget-me-not" spot where we always keep them.We can also eat to aid our memory power. Whole grains, fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of glucose,the brain's preferred fuel.To get adequate rest is a low-tech way to improve memory.Sleep may allow our brain time to encode memories.Interest in friends, family and hobbies does wonders for our memory.A sense of passion or purpose helps us remember.Memory requires us to pay attention to our lives,allowing us to discover in them everything worth remembering.Questions1. Which of the following can we learn from the passage?2. Which of the following can help improve our memory according to the passage?3. What should we do to aid our memory power according to the passage?Unit 4 Dealing with Cultural DifferencesPart BListening TasksA ConversationEmbarrassing ExperiencesExercise 1Listen to the interview and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.Interviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Yes, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er ...seven or eight people in there and I just said "Hello" to everybody and sat down.Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually.Well, you know,it's silly of me because I found out later it upset everyone.I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time,I finished a meeting with "Goodbye, everyone!" to all the people in the room.Well, I later found out that the polite thing to do is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, they do.See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone.So when I went to the US for the first time,I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness.Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, that reminds me of my first trip to Germany many years ago.I was in troduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor.Well, I wasn't prepared, and I had my left hand in my pocket.And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names?Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have!When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly.And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't use someone's first name unless you are invited to.Oh, and you should always use their titles as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know,they seemed to be puzzled when I shook hands with them and said "How do you do?"Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is say their own names,so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break?When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.Questions1. What is the conversation mainly about?2. Who might be the people Rob and Kate met in various countries?3. What can we infer about Kate and Rob from the conversation?4. Which countries has Kate visited, according to the conversation?5. Which countries has Rob visited, according to the conversation?6. What is the main message that the speakers want to tell us?Exercise 2Listen to the interview again and fill in the table below.Speaking TasksPair WorkA. Reflections on the textYou've just heard Rob and Kate talking about the experiences they had in some foreign countries. They made a number of mistakes in behavior because they were unaware of cultural differences. Do you think it is important to be aware of cultural differences?Why? How can we avoid misunderstanding in international communication?Exchange views with your partner.You may mention the following points in your discussion.○ awareness of cultural differences — to avoid misunderstanding○ importance of learning about other cultures○ importance of knowing how to deal with cultural differences —key to successful international business and cultural exchange。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit8
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit8Unit 8Part BA Terrible DiseaseThe phone rang and it was my husband Jack asking me to take some lunch to his office. As I drove off, I noticed a new shopping center. Strange I hadn't noticed it before. Near his office I also saw a fire station I didn't recognize.'When did they build that new shopping center?' I asked Jack. 'And I'm glad to see that new fire station. It'll give a good landmark.''Diana, they've been there for ages,' Jack scolded.Bewildered, I became angry and, starting up the engine, began to pull away. Then I braked. Where was the exit? Suddenly, nothing was familiar. I realized I had no idea how to get home. I had to stop again and again to ask for directions. Eventually, I got home. A 30-minute drive had taken me four hours.Two months later, at the office where I worked as a legal researcher, a smart young man approached me.'Hi, Diana. Good to see you,' he said, smiling.I hesitated, then smiled with resignation. 'Please forgive me, it's one of those days. I simply can't bring your name to mind.' 'Diana, I'm your cousin Richard,' he said very slowly.After that, I was constantly making mistakes and kept forgetting my way around the building. In the end, I made the painful decision to resign from work. I also started pretending to be a tourist when I got lost because residents tend to give much better directions to visitors.Desperate to discover what was wrong with me, I made anappointment with a neurologist. After various tests he told me I had Alzheimer's disease. I felt numb. I'd hoped to find I was worrying about nothing, but now my worst fears were confirmed. And I was only 53!When I told Jack and my three grown-up children about my disease, their reaction was quiet but supportive. 'Stop worrying,' Jack said. 'We'll take good care of you.'That night, I was looking through some papers belonging to my mother, who'd died of cancer years before, when I saw her maps. They were hand-drawn and covered every place my mother went, including my house. As I examined them, I remembered Mother's other eccentric habits. She wouldn't drive out of her neighborhood or at night. One day, she hadn't even recognized me. Could she have had Alzheimer's, too, without anyone realizing?Now at 57, on good days I'm filled with hope and determination, but on bad days I have the worst sense of being alone. I've started a support group for other sufferers, for I know it's essential to have contact with people who are walking through the same maze.Jack's coping well. While he still dreams of waking up to find all this has been a horrible nightmare, he's assured me that I can depend on him. When we married he didn't know 'for better or worse' included Alzheimer's. But neither did I.Questions:1. What does the story mainly tell us?2. Which of the following is one of the symptoms of the speaker's disease?3. What can we learn from the story?4. What do you know about the speaker from the story?5. What can be inferred about the speaker's mother?Part COld Age's Problems and OpportunitiesOld age in the United States presents many problems and opportunities. As a result of improved medical services , people live longer than they used to. This increase in longevity creates a wide range of social needs. The medical specialty of gerontology (老年医学) has opened up new research areas and careers related to the elderly.Because of changes in the family structure from extended to nuclear, the elderly have to create existences apart from basically small family units. This situation is complicated by the fact that many of their friends may have died and their children may have moved away.The elderly must set up a new life. Often, the elderly must rely on a fixed income - Social Security and pensions - and gradually diminished savings. While some live with their children, many more live by themselves, with a friend or in a nursing home.However, the increasing proportion of elderly people in society has given them a new political power. They have formed organizations to voice their own needs and concerns to local state and federal agencies. Lobbying(游说)for such issues as increased Social Security benefits, better health care, income tax benefits and rent controls has brought to the public an increased awareness of the determination of the elderly to assert their ability to deal effectively with their own lives.Part DA Walking MiracleOld age is often accompanied by various kinds of illnesses. When he woke up on a July morning in 2001, Robert Tools, 59,could hardly lift his head off his pillow. He had suffered from heart troubles since a decade ago, which was made worse by his diabetes. The six-foot-three-inch former librarian and teacher became so weak that his weight had dropped from more than 200 pounds to 140. Tools was too sick for a heart transplant. So he agreed to let two surgeons try something that had never been done before. That afternoon T ools became the first person ever to be implanted with a self-contained artificial heart.Eight days later, Tools left the hospital for the first time to take a stroll through a city park, with his artificial heart pumping blood through his body. The heart is powered by a battery implant that holds a 30-to-40 minute charge. The battery is recharged via a coil attached to an external battery pack good for two hours, which T ools wears on a belt. Or the coil recharger can be plugged directly into a wall outlet. A small controller, about the size of a palm, is also implanted in the chest to regulate blood flow. The tiny controller knows how to adjust to his body's need for higher or lower blood flow when he stands, sits, walks, or otherwise. But Tools' mobility is still limited. Most of the time, a mobility transmitter implanted in his chest broadcasts data to a computer in hishospital room so that doctors can continually monitor and fine-tune the blood flow.Tools says living with an artificial heart means adjusting to some strange new sensations. "The biggest thing is getting used to not having a heart beat, except a whirring sound, and that makes me realize that I'm alive because I can hear it without a stethoscope."Statements:1. Robert Tools suffered from several health conditionsbefore his operation.2. Doctors decided to put an artificial heart in Tools' body because there was no suitable donor heart available.3. Tools' artificial heart was implanted in his chest along witha couple of other devices.4. Tools now must carry an external battery pack with him all the time.5. Tools' blood flow can be remote-controlled by doctors in the hospital.6. Tools' artificial heart is made of plastic materials.7. His new heart allows Tools to move about more than two hours at a time.8. Before Tools, a few artificial heart implant operations had been performed on other persons but all of them had failed.。
新视野大学英语(第二版)听说教程4 Radio部分 听力原文 (纯文本非截图)Unit1-Unit8
UNIT 1The Wedding of the CenturyIt was the royal wedding we remember best of all. Twenty-five yeas ago tomorrow. Prince Charles married Lady Diana Spencer in London’s St. Paul’s Cathedral. CBS News correspondent Randall Pinkston looks back to a perfect day which didn’t turn out happily ever after.It was the wedding of the century, watched by over half-a-million people in Britain, and a worldwide audience of a staggering 750 million. The young bride, peering out smilingly from her glass coach, would become the most famous woman in the world, and change the monarchy forever. But that wa in the distant and tragic future. On this day in July, 1981, joy filled the land.This was a moment in history, that, you know, that Prince Charles is going to be king and this was his queen. She was so young, and so beautiful. And she had already sort of got a stranglehold on the hearts and minds of the people.British journalist Victoria Mather was one of the wedding guests that fabled day.“What do you remember most about that day?”“I remember most that it was just exactly like anybodyelse’s wedding. You know, the bride’s mom wore a flowery hat. You know, and there was the naughty little bridesmaid, the bridegroom looked nervous; and the bride fluffed her lines. I mean it was just so like anybody else’s wedding, it was just writ large.”Like the train of Diana’s wedding gown, which seemed to go on forever. Elizabeth Emanuel, with her then-husband David, designed the dress. Right after the wedding, they received a phone call.“It was Diana, and we, we couldn’t believe it, and she had phoned to thank us for making her wedding dress and saying she felt so beautiful in it.”UNIT 2American Workforce in TroubleIt is Labor Day, of course, a time to salute the American worker, but there is new information suggesting it's tougher than ever to be in the American workforce. A big new government report found that American paychecks are not keeping pace with inflation. So where are the good jobs? We asked ABC's Dan Harris to look for them.At the top of the class, and by that, we mean upper class -- doctors, medical professionals, ranging from surgeons toobstetricians to orthodontists -- make up 10 of the top 11 highest paid professions in the country. Chief excusive officers come in at No. 10, earning an average of $142000 a year.As for blue-collar workers, Forbes magazine reports that subway conductors and flight attendants make the most, on average more than $62000 a year. According to new census data, the gap between rich and poor Americans is now at an all-time high, with the top 1/5 of American households claiming more than half of all the nation's income. What's more, a new report released just this weekend, indicates about 30% of households have a net worth of less than $10000. The bottom line for Americans seeking to reach the same standard of living as their parents, avoid the plastic and save wherever possible.It's very difficult to save a lot, but a few dollars, and as that saving nest egg begins to build, you'll see it, you'll, you'll want to contribute more.Now all of this is not to say that you have to become a CEO to live in comfort. Economists note there is still room at the top for stargazers. Turns out astronomers make big bucks as some of the nation's highest paid professionals.UNIT 3To Win a Nobel Prize"So how do you win a Noble Prize?""You get lucky, yeah, well you work hard for a long time, you, you look very hard of what's coming up in front of you, the date that you see, and you are instructed by what you see there. And, and you need a bit of luck, too."The Australian scientist never thought he was on a path to the highest honor in science. Doherty first trained as a veterinarian, but found his calling in the mysterious field of infectious diseases."My nominee is Zinkernagel."He teamed up with another young professor Rolf Zinkernagel, and made an awardwinning discovery almost by accident."We were doing some experiments to look at a particular question and then, then we suddenly got this very unexpected result, realized that it was probably extremely significant straightaway."The pair had cracked the code of T cells which Doherty calls the "hit man" of the immune system, how they fight infected cells and leave healthy ones alone."Firstly, It was so, so unorthodox, and so against the accepted wisdom that people didn't really even grasp what wewere saying."Experiments by others confirmed the findings and expanded on them, leading to new vaccines and advances in the fight against cancer. Nobel came calling two decades later and it changed Doherty's life. There were endless accolades, even having his face on a postage stamp."Well, you get a fair amount of money when you win it, you get invited to very nice meetings and very nice places, but you quickly find that you can't handle all that and you tend to go only to the things where you think you're gonna learn something new, or you're gonna be doing something useful."UNIT 4Bill GatesBill Gates has made many contributions...ur...throughout the last 25 or 30 years, most of all, of course, the Windows Operating System, which more than 90% of all computers in the world use today. He was a very shrewd, ur, business person at a, at an early age, almost as a teenager in fact, and he was one of the few people who could see a hobbyist maker, that is, a bunch of nerds sort of playing with computers and chips in their basements and how that could become a potential business.And one of the interesting things that Microsoft under BillGates' leadership, was able to do, is in fact...ur...take on some of the biggest computer companies, basically IBM...ur...at... You know, at a very early stage when IBM wasn't quite sure if the microcomputer was a toy or a potential business tool and Gates had faith that it was a business tool, he could see ahead, he has always been a, a fairly strategic thinker and uh... That in turn... Let him in fact, you know, dominate the computer industry that IBM would still like to be able to do.Will Microsoft innovate? -- That's a question that I usually answer by saying, I'm a historian so I live in the past and there are lots of people who are, soft of more expert in predicting the future, so I think I'll just leave it, leave it at that.UNIT 5Burn Your Perfect Man ChicklistAre you turning men off ? It may not be how you look but it may be something that you are totally unaware of. Hi, I'm Marie Forleo, life coach and author. And today I want to talk to you about the perfect man checklist and why you ned to burn that , girl .Most women have something called the perfect man checklist . It's anidea in their head about what the perfect man looks like and unknowingly everytime they meet a new guy , they're kind of scanning round trying to see whether or not hefits that perfect man checklist .Well,here is what I recommend - burn the perfect man checklist . That's right, lady, set it to fire. Here is why. That perfect man checklist was put together when you were a much younger version of yourself. It's probably put together from people in you family, things that you learned in school, and it may not be appropriate to the beautiful and irresistible woman you are today.When you have a perfect man checklist, it's cutting you off from boatloads of men that are out there that can be single, available, but they may not fit your pictures. I know for me, I used to think that I used to have to be married to be some Italian, very strong, masculing-looking guy, and I happened to be from Jersey. So we have that look. You know what happened when I burned my perfect man checklist ?I absolutely met the man of my dreams. So ladies, go ahead and burn that perfect man checklist . You 're gonna be so surprised at whom you meet . You never know, it could be your Mr.Right. For more advice on dating and relationships, check out my new book. Make every man want you, or make yours want you more. How to be so damn irresistible, you will barely keep from dating yourself.UNIT 6BombingsAtlanta, Georgia, a terrorist bomb explodes in Centennial Olympic Park, killing one woman, and injuring hundreds. North Cardwell, New Jersey, an advertising executive is killed when he opens a mysterious package which explodes in his hands. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, a powerful blast destroys the federal building, claming 168 lives. In all three cases, it's a race against time, as an elite division of the FBI known as the Explosives Unit attempts to catch the mad bombers before they strike again.FBI's Explosives Unit is a part of the FBI laboratory. It does the forensic examination of bomb components, unexploded bombs They also do residue analysis of the explosives that are used in bombs.Explosives examiner. Donald Sachtleben, agreed to take us inside one of the nation's most secretive crime-fighting laboratones. Here, this team of highly trained technicians and forensic scientists carefully combs through evidence, searching for any clues that will help the FBI capture a bornber. In Atlanta, the search for answers begins at ground zero, the scene of the Olympic bombing where every step is fraught with danger.At any crime scene, you have to assume that there could be other devices there what we call secodary devices or booby traps. Um, we've seen that recently in some of the bombings aroundthe Atlanta and Birmingham areas .In Atlanta, agents are sifting through the rubble of an abortion clinic bombing when suddenly, a secondary device explodes. Miraculously, no one is killed. But seven people are injured, including several federal agents. But in the aftermath of Olymic bombing, investigators rely on surprisingly common technology to search for deadly booby traps.The most effetive tool that we have is the X-Ray. We can actually go up to a package and with remote technique, we can put the X-Ray down, X-Ray the pachage and see whether or not it's a hazard.UNIT 7When Did Life Begin ?It's an age-old question--when did life begin?A new CBS news poll shows most Americans wouldn't peer into the universe for their answer. They would open their Bible Fifty-one percent believe that God created humans in our present form and forty-eight percent of those polled believe God created humans within the least 10000 years, even though scientific tests on skull fragments found in Ethiopia indicate humans were walking the earth nearly 200000 years ago.The poll results underscore a long-runing divide in Americaover evolution, science and God's role, creationism. The US Supreme Court has barred the teaching of creationism in public schools, but now there is a new challenge, called "Intelligent Design" which suggests a creator has an active hand at the development of species. Steven Mayor is an advocate of Intelligent Design.And what we have found in the study of biology is, number one there are such purposeful messages inscribed in DNA. And secondly, the attempts to explain the origin of that information by reference to purely physical chemical undirected processes has utterly failed over quite a number of decades.Dover Pennsylvania school officials are on trial right now in federal court sued by parents who don't want Intelligent Design in the curriculum. Critics, even some theologians say Inteligent Design is Creationism by another name.Intelligent Design, to put it very simply is, to me, a modern reformulation of an old theological argument for the existence of God.The Dover Pennsylvania school trial is expected to end early next month. Whatever the outcome, some legal observers believe it has a potential to reach the US Supreme Court at a time of growing political influence for conservative Christians.John?UNIT 8BillionairesLuisa Kroll and Allison Fass led a team of 30 Forbes reporters who ranked the world’s wealthiest for this week’s billionaire’s issue."A billion just isn't what it used to be. There are now 793 billionaires. Three years ago, there were only 476."For the 12th straight year, Microsoft founder Bill Gates is the world's richest man with 50 billion dollars. Investor Warren Buffet trails in second with a meager of 42 billion." I think for a cover we have..." Newcomers include cover boy Kelvin Heir, a Canadian, who has built up a billion dollar online gambling empire. And KP Singh, who owns the real estare under many Indian companies that are outsourcing centers. India now has 23 billionaires.Almost half of the world's billionaires are right here in the US. 371 to be exact, and between them, locked in the bank vaults, are assets worth well over a trillion dollars."Martha Stewart fell off the list this year, but Donald Trump is still on it; he is No.278. "Is it easier to make a billion dollars now? There are more billionaires." "I think it is probably easiernow than ever before, yeah." "And why is that?" "Because there are more ways to do it.""So I thought I would try to design something better..."British vacuum inventor James Dyson has literally sucker up his fortune. India's Tulsi Tanti made his out of thin air, by building Asia's largest wind farm. "It's good to be on the list."Billionaire Ronald Lauder, heir to his mother's Estee Lauder's cosmetics fortune, and founder of New York's Neue gallery, says even for him, looking at the list can get depressing. "Why?" "Because some people in their 30s are worth at least 10 billion dollars and..." The world's youngest billionaire is now Hind Hariri, daughter of slain Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. She is only 22. Around the world, Luisa Kroll says, the biggest fortunes aren't growing as fast. "So, we are not going to have a trillionaire any time soon" "No, I don't think so. I mean I don't even think we are going to have a hundred billionaire any time soon." "49 countries are now home to at least one billionaire. Membership in the club may be spreading, but it's still not easy to get in the door."。
大学体验英语视听说4听力原文unit2-8
大学体验英语视听说教程4听力原文UNIT 2Challenges of Understanding a Culturescript―Most people you meet know more about comics than I do,‖ laughs Naif Al-Mutawa, creator of The 99, the world‘s first comic-book series whose superheroes are based on Islamic culture.―Strength, honor, truth, mercy, invention, generosity, wisdom, tolerance—these are some of the superpowers possessed by my heroes,‖ emphasizes Al-Mutawa. ―No one hero has more than a single power, and no power is expressed to the degree that God po ssesses it,‘‘ he adds. There are 99 young heroes from 99 countries, from all walks of life. All of them are Muslim, but not all are Arabs, and the number is almost evenly split between boys and girls. As Al-Mutawa explains, whenever these characters collaborate to solve problems, there is an implicit message of tolerance and acceptance, a theme central to the series.Unlike many comic book heroes, the 99 do not use weapons. ―They use the gifts they have within themselves,‖ Al- Mutawa notes, adding that ―The 99 is not about what kids shouldn‘t be doing. It‘s about learning how to use the power within them to make a difference.‖Although the series is not religious, it aims to communicate Islamic virtues which are, as viewed by Dr. Al-Mutawa, universal in nature. ―The 99 is all about making a conscious choice not to let others define who you are. It is about being proactive in choosing the backdrop against which you are to be judged. Islamic culture and Islamic heritage have a lot to be proud and joyful about. The 99 is about bringing those positive elements into global awareness. Now it does.‖ ScriptHello everyone. Because this is my first time at TED, I‘ve decided to bring along an old friend to help break the ice a bit. Y es. That‘s right. This is Barbie. She‘s 50 years old. And she‘s looking as young as ever. But I‘d also like to introduce you to what may be an unfamiliar face. This is Fulla. Fulla is the Arab world‘s answer to Barbie.Now, according to the proponents of the clash of civilizations, both Barbie and Fulla occupy these completely separate spheres. They have different interests. They have divergent values. And should they ever come in contact ... well, I‘ve got to tell you, it‘s just not going to be pretty.My experience however, in the Islamic world is very different. Where I work, in the Arab region, people are busy taking up Western innovations and changing them into things which are neither conventionally Western, nor are they traditionally Islamic. I want to show you two examples. The first is 4Shbab. It means ―for youth‖ and it‘s a new Arab TV channel.Script(V ideo): Video clips from across the globe. The USA.♫I am not afraid to stand alone ♫♫I am not afraid to stand alone, if Allah is by my side ♫♫I am not afraid to stand alone ♫♫Everything will be all right ♫♫I am not afraid to stand alone ♫The Arab world.(Music)♫ (U rdu) ♫Shereen El Feki: 4Shbab has been dubbed Islamic MTV. Its creator, who is an Egyptian TV producer called Ahmed Abou Haïba, wants young people to be inspired by Islam to lead better lives. He reckons the best way to get that message across is to use the enormously popular medium of music videos.In the world of 4Shbab, it‘s not about bump and grind. But it‘s not about fire and brimstone either. Its videos are intended to show a kinder, gentler face of Islam, for young people to deal with life‘s c hallenges.scriptNow, my second example is for a slightly younger crowd. And it‘s called ―The 99.‖ Now, these are the world‘s first Islamic superheroes. They were created by a Kuwaiti psychologist called Nayef Al Mutawa. And his desire is to rescue Islam from images of intolerance, all in a child-friendly format. ―The 99,‖ the characters are meant to embody the 99 attributes of Allah, justice, wisdom, mercy, among others. So, for example, there is the character of Noora. She is meant to have the power to look inside people and see the good and bad in everyone. Another character called Jami has the ability to create fantastic inventions.Now, ―The 99‖ is not just a comic book. It‘s now a theme park. There is an animated series in the works. And by this time next year the likes of Superman and Wonder Woman will have joined forces with ―The 99‖ to beat injustice wherever they find it.―The 99‖ and 4Shbab are just two of many examples of this sort of Islamic cross-cultural hybridization. We‘re not talking here about a clash of civilizations. Nor is it some sort of indistinguishable mash. I‘d like to think of it as a mesh of civilizations, in which the strands of different cultures are intertwined.ScriptThe Danger of a Single Story (Part I)I‘m a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories about what I‘d like to call ―the danger of the single story.‖I was an early writer. And when I began to write stories in pencil with crayon illustrations that my poor mother was obligated to read, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading. All my characters were white and blue-eyed. They played in the snow. They ate apples. Now, this despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. I had never been outside Nigeria. We didn‘t have s now. We ate mangoes.I come from a conventional, middle-class Nigerian family. And so we had, as was the norm, live-in domestic help, who would often come from nearby rural villages. So the year I turned eight we got a new house boy. His name was Fide. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor. My mother sent yams and rice, and our old clothes, to his family. And when I didn‘t finish my dinner my mother would say, ―Finish your food! Don‘t you know? People like Fide‘s family have nothing.‖ So I felt enormous pity for Fide‘s family.ScriptThen one Saturday we went to his village to visit. And his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket, made of dyed raffia, that his brother had made. I was startled. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family could actually make something. All I had heard about them is how poor they were, so that it had become impossible for me to see them as anything else but poor. Their poverty was my single story of them.ScriptThe Danger of A Single Story (Part II)Y ears later, I thought about this when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States. I was 19. My American roommate was shocked by me. She asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria happened to have English as its official language. She asked if she could listen to what she called my ―tribal music‖, and was consequently very disappointed when I produced my tape of Mariah Carey. She assumed that I did not know how to use a stove.What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me. Her default position toward me, as an African, was a kind of patronizing, well-meaning, pity. My roommate had a single story of Africa. A single story of catastrophe. In this single story there was no possibility of Africans being similar to her, in any way. No possibility of feelings more complex than pity. No possibility of a connection as human equals.So after I had spent some years in the U.S. as an African, I began to understand my roommate‘s response to me. If I had not grown up in Nigeria, and if all I knew about Africa were from popular images, I too would think that Africa was a place of beautiful landscapes, beautiful animals, and incomprehensible people, fighting senseless wars, dying of poverty and AIDS, unable to speak for themselves, and waiting to be saved, by a kind, white foreigner. I would see Africans in the same way that I, as a child, had seen Fide‘s family.ScriptWhen I learned, some years ago, that writers were expected to have had really unhappy childhoods to be successful, I began to think about how I could invent horrible things my parents had done to me. But the truth is that I had a very happy childhood, full of laughter and love, in a very close-knit family. But I also had grandfathers who died in refugee camps. My cousin Polle died because he could not get adequate healthcare. One of my closest friends, Okoloma, died in a plane crash because our fire trucks did not have water. I grew up under repressive military governments that devalued education, so that sometimes my parents were not paid their salaries. And so, as a child, I saw jam disappear from the breakfast table, then margarine disappeared, then bread became too expensive, then milk became rationed. And most of all, a kind of normalized political fear invaded our lives.All of these stories make me who I am. But to insist on only these negative stories is to flatten my experience, and to overlook the many other stories that formed me. The single story creates stereotypes. And the problem with stereotypes is not that they are untrue, but that they are incomplete.Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories have been used to dispossess and to malign. But stories can also be used to empower, and to humanize. Stories can break the dignity of a people. But stories can also repair that broken dignity.I would like to end with this thought: That when we reject the single story, when we realize that there is never a single story about any place, we regain a kind of paradise. Thank you.Home ListeningStereotypes: Being Content with MyselfBy Kamaal MajeedWhy don‘t you act black? Since my middle school years, I‘ve been asked this question more than any other. It seems to me that too many people have what society1) programs intotheir brains, what should be expected of me, a black person, before ever interacting with me. But I believe in being who I am, not who others want me to be.On my first day of high school, going into math class, two of my classmates pointed and laughed at me. I initially thought my fly was open, or that something was 2) stuckin my teeth. But as I took my seat, I heard one of the students whisper, why is a black person taking honors? So my fly wasn‘t open. An 3) honors-level classhad simply been joined by a student whose skin was an unsettling shade of brown.Many people think that my clothes should be big enough for me to live in, or expect me to listen exclusively to black music. In seventh grade, a group of my peers4) fixed their cold stareson my outfit. Cargo shorts and a plain, fitting T-shirt. They 5) called out to me, go get some gangster clothes, white boy.I am now in my junior year of high school. I still take all of the honors courses. My wardrobe still 6) consists solely ofclothes that are appropriate to my proportions. My music library spans from rock to pop to techno, and almost7) everything in between. When it comes to choosing my friends, I am still8) colorblind. I continue to do my best work in school in order to reach my goals. And yet, when I look in the mirror, I still see skin of that same shade of brown.My skin color 9) has done nothing to change my personality, and my personality has done nothing to change my skin color.I believe in being myself. I believe that I — not any stereotype — should10) define who I am and what actions I take in life.UNIT 3 CopyrightscyiptThe recent blockbuster Avatar is one among a string of new movies to come out during a period being called the ―3D renaissance‖. But has the 3D for mat cut down on the amount of movie piracy as Hollywood hopes? It doesn‘t look like it.―While Hollywood claims 3D movies will slow piracy, they are only partially right,‖ said Chris Chinnock, president of a U.S.-based marketing research and consulting firm. He said if pirates try to use a regular video camcorder to record 3D films, it would result in the images coming back in double. However, those with knowledge of video equipment can get around the 3D deterrent, he said.Chinnock‘s assess ment seems to hold true. More than a week before Avatar was set forits China release, copies of it were shelved in pirated DVD shops throughout Beijing.He also speculated that the lack of impact on the pirate market might be because the film was also released in 2D. The problem with releasing a film strictly in 3D is that many theaters, in both the U.S. and China, are not equipped to handle the new technology. China has roughly 200 mainland theaters equipped to show 3D films. Less availability for movie-goers means more devious minds finding alternative ways to watch blockbusters.Hurvitz of the foreign counsel for intellectual property law firm Kangxin Partners PC pointed out that while filming in the cinema is one of the biggest and easiest ways to contribute to pirated films, there are hundreds of people with industry ‗ins‘ willing to pass along exclusive copies of the film for big bucks.Still the problem persists and, while stringent laws are in place, neither the Chinese gove rnment nor the U.S. filming industry knows what to do. ―They‘re snuck out of the studios, sent overseas, duplicated a million times and then sold on the streets,‖ Hurvitz said.ScriptAnchorThe Motion Picture Association of America, which represents Hollywood‘s major studios, has put aside 150,000 US dollars to reward informers whose tips lead to raids on DVD factories in Asia. But as Mike Chanoi reports in this week‘s ―Look at the Business of Film‖, movie piracy still runs rampant in Asia.Mike Chanoi, CNN correspondentAt a plant near Taipei, InfoDisk is pumping out CDs and DVDs, tens of millions of them. The company is the largest legitimate producer of such products in Taiwan. Its major clients –MGM and Warner Bros. But these days, the label ―Made in Taiwan‖ has acquired a new meaning. The island has become one of Asia‘s leading centers of copyright piracy. A huge underground trade fueled by organized crime, ineffective government and a public more interested in cheap pr oducts than legal ones. Chu Y en Ping is one of Taiwan‘s leading movie directors.Chu Y en Ping―We work hard to shoot a film, but it doesn‘t sell because the pirates get there first.‖MikeBy some estimates, legitimate sales account for barely half of all the movies and music available in Taiwan. The rest is pirated. Even greater quantities of fake goods are exported, to markets from Southeast Asia to South America. The loss, just for American entertainment companies, is believed to be over 750 million dollars a year.ScriptRichard Vuylsteke, American Chamber of CommerceThis is on the front burner of our agenda. And I think a lot of companies will be reexamining their investments in this part of the world, if in fact this issue is not solved forthwith.MikeNight markets like these are at the center of the trade, which thrives in part, because under Taiwan law piracy isn‘t considered a quote, public crime. That is, police are powerless to seize fakes and arrest those involved, unless the copyright holders collect evidence and file a complaint. That job falls to men like these. Private investigators for the Motion Picture Association, who wanted their identities disguised for their own safety. ―It‘s dangerous work,‖ says one investigator. ―These criminal organizations have guns and knives. If you get in their way,you could be attacked.‖MikeThe situation is so bad that top Asian movie and music stars have marched to demand action. The US government, which has placed Taiwan on a copyright piracy watch list, has also stepped up the pressure.Lu W en-HsiangPiracy is not something we can wipe out overnight, we have to do it gradually.MikeBut with losses and complaints mounting almost as fast as legitimate manufacturers turn out discs, the Taiwan legislature now looks set to toughen anti-piracy laws. The critics though, are waiting to see the results. Mike Chanoi, CNN, Taipei.ScriptWhen Dan Brown‘s blockbuster novel ―The Lost Symbol‖ hit stores in September, it may have offered a peek at the future of bookselling.On , the book sold more digital copies for the Kindle e-reader in its first few days than hardback editions. However, less than 24 hours after its release, pirated digital copies of the novel were found on file-sharing sites like Rapidshare. Within days, it had been downloaded for free more than 100,000 times.Digital piracy, long confined to music and movies, is spreading to books. And as electronic reading devices such as Amazon‘s Kindle and the Sony Reader boost demand for e-books, experts say the problem may only get worse. Digital theft may pose a big headache in 2010 for the slumping publishing industry, which relies increasingly on electronic reading devices and e-books to stimulate sales.Piracy is a serious issue for publishers. The company that publishes Stephenie Meyer‘s wildly popular ―Twilight‖ teen-vampire series says it ―considers copyr ight protection to be of paramount importance.‖ Authors are concerned as well. ―With the open-source culture on the Internet, the idea of ownership --- of artistic ownership --- goes away,‖ said novelist and poet Sherman Alexie last month. ―It terrifies me.‖As to how to combat e-book piracy, views vary. Some publishers have tried to minimize theft by delaying releases of e-books for several weeks after physical copies go on sale. Some authors have even gone as far as to shrug off e-book technology altogether.However, some evidence suggests that authors‘ and publishers‘ claims of damage from illegal piracy may be overstated. Recent statistics have shown that consumers who purchase an e-reader buy more books than those who stick with traditional bound volumes. Amazon reports that Kindle owners buy, on average, 3.1 times as many books on the site as other customers. ScriptGoogle wants to be the repository of all of the world‘s information. For five years, users have been able to read classic books that are out of copyright along with shorter previews of more recent titles. But then Google started to scan the full text of millions of books that are out of print but are still in copyright. After a lawsuit in the U.S., it has agreed to a $125 million settlement, sharing sales of books with authors and the rights agency to settle copyright disputes and giving authors just until last Friday to opt out of the service.Now Google wants to bring this model to Europe, today telling a European commission hearing that they want to give new life to old works.Santiago De La Mora, Director, Google Book Partnerships―Win for the authors and publishers who are able to showcase their content, win for us because we‘re satisfying our use rs and of course from the user point of view, much more access, easy access to the world‘s information and our universal heritage.‖But Google‘s U.S. model might not work across the ponds. There, all books published before 1923 are outside copyright, but in Europe books remain in copyright until 70 years after the death of the author.Benjamin Cohen, ITN Technology Correspondent―One day, Google might have scanned as many books as you‘ll find here on theScriptshelves at the British Librar y. And Google is one of the major players in the online books‘ market and they‘ve achieved this primarily because they started scanning books before ever asking the permission of authors, publishers or other rights holders.‖That ultimately led to the U.S. out of court settlement which the Europeans say has given Google an effective monopoly.Jessica Sanger, German Publishers and Booksellers Assoc.―Google is being rewarded for breaking the law in the first place for doing something that wa s at first not permissible and is now gaining an advantage through such actions.‖Simon Bell, Head of Partnerships, British Library―The monopoly, something that concerns the British library, and it concerns everybody else really that‘s in the information world.‖Today, France supported Germany in a court submission which said that the U.S. settlement will have a dramatic and long-range effect of creating a new worldwide copyright regime as it has a hint of an uncontrolled, authoritarian concentration of power. But until an agreement can be reached with the EU, European visitors will be blocked from accessing the books under dispute although there are simple online services just one Google search away that will allow users to circumnavigate the blocks.Home ListeningIndian Film Industry, Bollywood, Steps Up Fight Against PiracyThe Indian Hindi language movie industry - popularly known as Bollywood - is stepping up its fight against film piracy both at home and overseas. As Anjana Pasricha reports from New Delhi, Bollywood films lose billions of dollars because of infringement of copyright laws.In a busy market in Central Delhi, 1) ___pirated____ CDs and DVDs of popular Hindi movies produced by the Mumbai-based Bollywood film industry are freely available. Ask a shop owner for DVDs of the 2) ___latest____ Hindi movie hits and he produces them from under the counter. A quick 3) __bargain_____ drives down the price from two dollars to just a dollar and a half.A recent study 4) ___estimates_____ that India‘s entertainment industry loses $4 billion, and 800,000 jobs, each year, because of piracy. These losses are not 5) ___unique____ to India. Piracy is also a growing problem in Western countries, like the United States and Britain, which are home to large Indian 6) ____populations_______. Film Federation of India Secretary Supran Sen says tens of thousands of people in these countries buy 7) __illegal______ DVDs of Hindi films. He says these are easily available in smallretail stores, usually owned by Indians.The Western markets have become so big that Bollywood film producers are 8) ____basing____ some of their biggest blockbusters on Indians living overseas. In Mumbai, Komal Nahata, publisher of a Bollywood trade magazine called ―Film Information‖ noted that in some cases, 9) ______the overseas market is almost as huge as the Indian market__________________________ ____________________.The huge scale of the problem has prompted Bollywood to step up the fight against piracy both at home and overseas. On a recent visit to Washington, Indian filmmakers urged American enforcement agencies to help plug the losses suffered by them. An advocacy group, 10) _____the U.S.-India Business Council, and Americanfilm companies are collaborating with Bollywood to combat piracy by raisingawareness of the problem with American authorities__________________________________.UNIT 4Secrets to Win the Chinese MarketscriptChina has changed enormously over the last 20 years. Its economy has been growing at 10% a year. Today, 80% of the world‘s electronic goods are made in China. As a result, more and more western companies want to do business in China. But how easy is it for a westerner to do business there? Here are some tips from the British Embassy in Beijing.Build relationships. In the west, it‘s usual to do business first, and then see if a relationship is possible. In China, it‘s the opposite. Y ou need to build a relationship before you can do bus iness. This leads to the idea of ‗guanxi’. Guanxi means using personal contacts and relationships to do business, and westerners need to understand how real and strong this is in China.It can also be useful to find a reliable Chinese ally to work with you. He or she will be able to help with language or cultural problems and will also be able to understand Chinese body language.Y ou must remember to respect ‗face‘. ‗Face‘ means having high status with your peers. ‗Face‘ can be lost, given or e arned. Never criticize or insult someone in front of others, as losing face will make it impossible to make a deal. On the other hand, if you praise someone by saying good things about him or her, then he or she will gain face, but be careful not to do it too much.All these tricks of the trade can help you to play the game and do business successfully in China. Be prepared, and be patient if you want to be a winner in China.ScriptSam Goodman: By far, the most common is not doing your homework, which, of course, is the whole reason why I wrote Where East Eats West. Because, you know, it‘s not, because it‘s not China books out there. But it‘s not so much that people, everyone can start with millions of dollars or huge corporation behind them. And so what I wanted to do is sort of lay out all the China rookie mistakes that people make. I mean, that‘s, you know, that was the whole purpose of it all within chapters, you know, under three pages long. Y ou know, really, Where East Eats West is for the person who is on the ground and in the trenches, not so much in the boardroom. I mean, specifically, I guess you would say that a lot of the foreigners come here, and they over-mystifyconcepts like ―face‖ or guanxi. Guanxi is really nothing more than your network or your connections. But on the other side of the things, it‘s really underestimating exactly how important both face and guanxi are to doing business in China.ScriptCNN’s Pauline Chiou: A lot of people look at China as a huge market with 1.3 billion people there. But in your book, you actually say don‘t look at China as one market. What do you mean by that?Sam: Well, again, like you said, China is a huge market. Geographically speaking, it‘s bigger than Europe. So most people would not think of going, this is my Europe strategy, in order to come in, and we‘re going to just succeed in this way. Y ou got to understand that China, again, as a vast country has its own nuances. So if you are going to be targeting your market in Shanghai, it‘s going to be very different than if you are going to be in a second or even in a third tier city. And of course, there‘s gonna to be differences in terms of whether it is in the north or in the south, or in the west, or in the east, or again, in the first tier, seco nd tier cities, which, if you don‘t know the differences between the first and second tier cities, you need to do some more homework to understand that.Pauline:Tell us a little bit more about first tier cities and second tier cities, what are they and what is corporate life like in those different tiers.ScriptSam: Okay, that‘s a big question. Let‘s see. First tier cities would be, I guess, what you used to call the most cosmopolitan, the most advanced if you will, the most international. Beijing, Sha nghai, Guangzhou are considered first tier cities. Those are the ones where you‘ll see the most number of western brands. And of course, in that sense, if you are a small entrepreneur, that‘s where you are gonna find the most amount of competition. So if you are doing business from a corporate setting, a lot of the people tend to be in these first tier cities. And of course, now they are expanding into the second tier cities, and some of them are even venturing into the third tier cities.I personally think that the most challenging aspect and therefore the most opportunities are going to be in your second and third tier cities. And you need to understand as a westerner coming to China, that the way of doing business from a corporate setting in the first tier city is going to be very similar to what you are gonna see on the international stage. But as soon as you step out of the corporate setting and go into a second or third tier city, that‘s where it becomes much more the wild wild west in the East.Pauline: And if you are in that wild wild west of the East, how severely disadvantaged are you if you do not speak Mandarin Chinese? Y ou yourself are fluent, so I imagine that‘s very helpful. But if you are a westerner wanting to go into that second or third tier city, do you really need to learn Mandarin Chinese?Sam:Well, I guess the best way I can explain this is when you‘re thinking of a language, it‘s really a tool to communicate. And the more tools that you have that you can use in your utility belt, the m ore chance you have of actually succeeding. Is it critical? That‘s difficult to say. If you are going to be a CEO coming into a second or third tier city, then I would have to say it‘s not necessary to have the language. But if you are a small entrepreneur, you are gonna be building everything from the ground up, not having a language is certainly gonna make it a lot more。
unit eight英语专业听力教程4第二版unit8答案
Unit eight
1 the oldest of America's baby boomers are 60 years olde this year.
2 The United States and many other industrialized coutries have a growing retiree population and are expecting that growth to continue.
• 3. If you have been moving money between accounts during that time, there may be large deposits and withdrawals in some of them.
4. you may be required to poduce some seemingly inconsequential data, which could get quite tedious.
3 by the time this generation reaches the traditional retirement age of 65, they will represent 20 percent of the US population.
4 Baby boomers have a higher rate of home ownership than the national average and one out of four own more than one property.
• 5 Many boomers feel they are in good health and believe they will live longer and be happier if they continue to be active. 戴比尔斯 • 约翰内斯堡
大学英语听说教程4unit1unit8原文
Unit 1Dr. Zhang: What’s so funny Lisa?Lisa: Ha, ha! I’ve just read an article about a Scottish touristwho had his passport stolen in New Zealand, by a parrot.Dr. Zhang: A parrot? A bird? That’s impossible! Are you pulling my leg?Lisa: No, I am dead serious: it’s a true story!Dr. Zhang: What happened?Lisa: According to the article, the Scottish tourist had put his passport in a little bright bag. But the brightness of the bag drew the attention of a parrot, which swooped down, grabbed it, and flew away!Dr. Zhang: Oh my! The poor tourist! What’s he going to do?Lisa: Well, he can’t travel home. In fact, he will now have to spend an extra six weeks in New Zealand.Dr. Zhang: Six weeks?Lisa: Yeah. The article says that’s how long it will take him to get his passport renewed.Dr. Zhang: How inconvenient!Lisa: Indeed. That’s why, when I travel, I always keep important documents in a safe in my hotel room. I would never lose an ID card or passport!Lisa: Tina, I am in a panic. I can’t find my ID card .I’ve lost it!Tina: It’s probably just misplaced. I am sure it will turn up.Lisa: No it won’t. I’ve looked everywhere for it .it’s nowhere to be found. I think I somehow threw the card out with the rubbish. I did a big house clean on Sunday and may have gotten a bit careless.Oh my, what have I done?Tina: Lisa, take it easy .it’s not the end of the world! You’ll just have to get it replaced.Lisa: How? Will I be fined?Tina: No, of course not. It’s a simple two-step process. I had to do it last year. The first thing is to report the card lost or stolen to your local police station.Lisa: That’s fairly straightforward. Then what?Tina: Take a copy of the police report to the Public Security Bureau opposite the National Library. They will issue a new card immediately.Lisa: That’s it?Tina: That’s it.Lisa: So I’ll have a new card by the end of the week?Tina: Yep. It’s no big deal, really.Lisa: You’re a star. Thanks for the help!Tina: No worries.Unit2Jack: Eric, I hope I meet the woman of my dreams sooner rather than later. I want to settle down and have a family before I am thirty.Eric: Well, I’ve always thought that you and Rachel would make a wonderful couple!Jack: Rachel? She’d never go for me.Eric: I wouldn’t be so sure. You should see the way she looks at you.What year were you born in?Jack: What year was I born in? What’s that got to do with anything?Eric: Lots. The year you were born says a great deal about your personality and who you would be compatible with as a mate.Jack: You’re kidding, right?Eric: No. I am perfectly serious.Jack: I was born in 1985.Eric: That’s the year of the ox. That makes sense, because you’re down to earth, caring and loyal, just like ox people. Are you aware that Rachel was born in 1987?Jack: Yes, I am, but what’s your point?Eric: That’s the year of the rabbit.Rabbit people are usually sweet natured, sociable and romantic.Jack: Just like Rachel…Eric: You know, it is said that an ideal match for a rabbit is an ox…Cindy: Lisa, you’re such an extroverted person, while I am much more introverted. You’re outgoing, whereas I am soft spoken. You’re very social, while I am very reserved. What do you think it is that makes our personalities so different? After all, we’re sisters!Lisa: I think it all has to do with the nature versus nurture debate?Cindy: Nature versus nurture?Lisa: Yes, some scientists think that people are born with their personalities. That’s the “nature” theory of human behavior. Other scientists claim that the environment people grow up in shapes their personalities. That’s the “nurture” theory of human behavior.Cindy: Hm. Interesting. I tend to think that the environment determines a person’s character. I guess that means I subscribe to the “nurture” theory.Lisa: Me too. I suppose that’s why we are so different. We went to different schools, you played sports while Istudied music, and we hung out with different types of friends.Cindy: Nonetheless, I do think nature plays a role in shaping personality too. After all, we’re both intelligent, talented in what we do and very caring towards others. These are probably all traits that we inherited.Lisa: Maybe. I am no expert. The important thing to me is that we get along so well, enjoy being together and love each other.Cindy: You’re right. I couldn’t ask for a better sister!Unit3Tina: This is Tina Lin from HTN news, and we are withRachel Wu today, a student of Feminist Studies. Rachel, would you say that there is true equality in our society between men and women?Rachel: That's a good question. On the whole, in most areas, I believe we can speak about real equality between men and women, and that is a very clear sign of social progress. However, the wage gap is still a significant problem women still earn a lot less money than men who have the same jobs.Tina: Can you give us a specific example of discriminatory wage practices based on sex?Rachel: Most certainly. Research shows that male health professionals, such as doctors and administrators, earntwice as much as female workers doing the same jobs full-time.Tina: Twice as much! That must be an extreme case.Rachel: Yes, on average, the pay gap is just under 10%. An example of such a gap would be hotel management. Male hotel managers generally earn 9.8% more than their female counterparts.Tina: Is there any reason to believe things will improve?Rachel: Yes, there is. In fact, the situation is getting better as we speak. 10 years ago, the pay gap was 16.2%. So in the last decade, there has been an improvement of over 6% 'this shows that our society is headed in the right direction.Tina: Rachel, thank you for speaking with us today.Rachel: You're very welcome.Mary: I am reading a compelling book right now. It's called Fire with Fire.Dan: Who's the author?Mary: Naomi Wolf.Dan: Never heard of her.Mary: She is a feminist writer. Female empowerment is one of the major themes of the book.Dan: Really? In what way?Mary: She wants all women to have a voice that is heard. Like most feminists, she believes in gender equality and equal opportunities for women.Dan: How about you: are you a feminist?Mary: I am in the sense that I support the idea of men and women having equal rights. I am also sensitive to how language sometimes discriminates against women.Dan: Language discriminates?Mary: Yes, you know, people often use terms like businessman, policeman or salesman'.Dan: What's wrong with that?Mary: It suggests that women can't do these jobs. Nondiscriminatory language would be terms like businessperson, police officer or sales representative'.Dan: Yes, I see. That language is much more gender neutral. Unit4Cindy: I just had a tiff with my father.Jane: Cindy, I'm sorry to hear that. What was it about?Cindy: He was asking me about my career plans and I toldhim that I want to be a housewife.Jane: A housewife? I'm somewhat surprised to hear you say that.I mean… why would you want to be a housewife?Cindy: Because I value family more than anything else. I guess I just want to spend my adult life making a warm and loving family home.Jane: So what was your father's reaction?Cindy: He got angry. He said he was wasting his money sending me to university if my intention is only to becomea housewife.Jane: Do you think he has a point?Cindy: No, not in the least! I mean, I am extremelygrateful that he is paying for my studies, but knowledge is priceless, it's the key to understanding the world around us. Besides, if I have children, I want to help educate them and get involved with their schooling. And who knows, maybe one day, I might decide that I want to work outside the home and I'll need a degree to show that I'm qualified.Jane: Well, if it's worth anything, I support you in your decision. My feeling is that people need to take on responsibilities that give meaning to their lives. Becoming a housewife will definitely give you this sense of purpose.Cindy: Thanks Jane. That means a lot to me. You're a good friend.Lisa: Did you realize that there is a meeting scheduled for 3:30 this afternoon?Tim: No, I didn't. Any reason given for the meeting?Lisa: Elsa wants to see what we can do to run a more successful department.Tim: That should be interesting. Our department is made up of seven men and eight women. My guess is that it will be hard for us to achieve a consensus because men and women define success very differently.Lisa: Isn't the idea of success more or less the same for everybody?Tim: Not according to an article I just read. It says that women see being successful at work as being a good team player and collaborator.Lisa: I would agree.Tim: Well, you are a woman!Lisa: Tell me about men then.Tim: Men, on the other hand, define being successful at work as being self-sufficient and achieving targets.Lisa: I would agree with that too an employee needs to be able to take initiative without always being told what todo. At the meeting, I think we need to aim to create a balance between men and women's views of success.Unit5Cindy: Julie’s asked me to go to her wedding — I am so excited!Jane: Julie is getting married — that’s great news! Please congratulate her on my behalf. What will you wear?Cindy: No idea: I can’t fit in to any of my fancy clothes.I need to lose weight immediately. Any suggestions?Jane: The recipe for weight loss is simple: exercise and a healthy diet.Cindy: But I can’t stand exercise! Whenever I go jogging I get bored after 5 minutes.Jane: Well, try to do fun things. There are many other ways to burn off fat. Get involved in team sports, like volleyball, or group exercise, like aerobics or even something like yoga.Cindy: I suppose I could try.Jane: I guess it depends on how much you want to fit into a nice dress!Cindy: Alright. I’ll do some exercise, but a diet, no way!I need my chocolate. Chocolate ice cream, chocolate cake, chocolate brownies ,it’s all so scrumptious! The idea of a diet depresses me.Jane: You don’t have to give up chocolate completely just don’t overdo it. When you get a craving, eat some fruit or have a salad. You’ll feel refreshed!Cindy: Easy for you to say. You’re not a chocoholic!Tim: Bob, you’re looking good. Have you been working out?Bob: Yeah, I’ve started this awesome exercise routine. I feel great!Tim: Well, you certainly look trim and fit. What’s the secret?Bob: Discipline and dedication. I make sure I stick to a routine.Tim: Can you walk me through it?Bob: Would love to. Every morning, before breakfast, I do some stretching to loosen up and make sure that I don’t pull any muscles during the day. Then I go for a 30-minute jog.Tim: I see what you mean by dedication. I can’t do anything before breakfast.Bob: Then, before lunch, I hit the gym and do some weight training and cardio work. It’s normally a 40-minute session.Tim: You must work up quite an appetite!Bob: I certainly do. Then, on my way home from work, I stop by the pool and go for a 1000-meter swim. Swimming is truly the best exercise: it works every muscle, including the heart, and is not hard on the joints.Tim: Well, your routine is impressive. In fact, if you keep it up, you could probably complete a triathlon.Bob: That’s my goal!Unit6Mary: What’s in that bag?Jack: A tent! I just bought it: I am going camping next month!Mary: Wow, how exciting! Where to?Jack: The Amazon. Mark and I are planning a 6-day hike through the rainforest. We’ll sleep in this tent every night, with the sounds of the jungle as background music.Mary: That has got to be the coolest camping trip ever. I’ve always wanted to explore the jungle! You'll see fascinating birds, reptiles and amphibians!Jack: I know. I’m actually afraid of snakes so hopefully we won’t come across too many of them! I am hoping we’ll see river dolphins from the shores of the Amazon.Mary: Oh yes! Pink Amazon river dolphins — those are incredible! Be sure to bring a camera.Jack: I will. I’ve actually bought a tripod so that I cantake good wildlife pictures.Mary: Great idea. Please do show me your shots when you get back.Jack: I will. I’ll make a slideshow and invite youover for a viewing and, hopefully, some great storytelling!Mary: I look forward to it!Jack: What exactly is ecotourism? It seems to be the latest travel buzzword.Eric: Indeed. Ecotravel, ecolodges, ecotourism all three terms are very popular in the travel industry nowadays. I myself am a big fan of ecotourism.Jack: So please tell me about it: I’m all ears!Eric: Well, let me begin with a question. On your view, what are some of the negative effects of tourism on travel destinations?Jack: Hmm. I guess there are two main drawbacks. The first thing is that tourism pollutes. I recently went to the seaside for the weekend, and couldn’t believe how much rubbish from travelers littered the beaches and sea... The second thing is that tourism sometimes disrupts the local cultures and practices.Eric: These two drawbacks a re are precisely what ecotourism wants to avoid. For example, TIES —The International Ecotourism Society promotes responsibletravel to tourist areas. TIES wants travel to be environmentally friendly and help improve the well-being of local people.Jack: How can these improvements be made? Eric: By providing financial benefits and empowerment for local people, and by raising awareness on environmental and cultural issues that are important to them.Jack: I think that’s commendable. From now on, I will be an ecotourist!Unit7Cindy: Dr. Wang, do you have a moment? I would like to ask you for some advice.Dr. Wang: Of course, Cindy, what can I do for you?Cindy: I wanted to ask you about idioms. I have an IELTStest next month and the public IELTS descriptors show thatI can get a higher score on the speaking test if I use idiomatic vocabulary.Dr. Wang: Well, using idioms isn’t always easy. But Icould give you one or two that might be helpful.Cindy: I’d appreciate that.Dr. Wang: Hmm, let’s see …If you’re asked to describe yourself, you could answer that you’re a person who doesn’t like to cause problems by saying you don’t like to rock the boat.Cindy: Sure, I can remember that. Thank you...Do you have some other suggestions?Dr. Wang: Well, let me think.If you find something to be easy to do,you can say: it’s a piece of cake.Cindy: Oh yeah, I’ve heard that before.I’ll try to use that idiom during my test.I could say: speaking English is a piece of cake! Ha, ha!Dr. Wang: Ha! Yes, that’s fine. Do make sure that you use these idioms in the appropriate context or they will not make sense.Cindy: I understand.I’ll practice lots during the nextfew weeks so that I get the hang of it!Simon: I am thinking of learning French.Sherly: Ah French, the language of romance and poetry...Simon: Yes, it is a beautiful language indeed.But I don’t want to become a French poet!I plan to learn French to increase my job prospects.Sherly: I don’t follow you.Simon: Well, I am very proud to say that I am bilingual. I speak Chinese and English. But in today’s world,to find a good job, it’s better to be trilingual.Sherly: Trilingual? You mean, speak three languages.Simon: Yes.Sherly: So why French then?Simon: It was a tough call I was thinking French or Spanish, but decided on French because I am interested in working in countries where it is spoken.Sherly: Like Canada, Switzerland and Belgium?Simon: Yes, and also places in Africa, like Senegal or Cameroon, or in Latin America, like Haiti.Sherly: I agree, those would be fascinating places to work in. Good luck!Unit8Jane: Hey Dan, thanks for freeing up time to help me.Dan: Don’t mention it Jane, it’s no problem at all... So what’s up?Jane: My sister wants to study in America next year but doesn’t know what admissions test to take: SAT or ACT. I thought maybe you could help because you started your university studies in Chicago.Dan: Yeah, of course I can help. Both tests are verydifferent and measure different skills so I think the best choice comes down to what your sister is good at. Basically, depending on her strengths and weaknesses, she may perform much better on one test than the other.Jane: Well, she is good at science and wants to study Biology, maybe even Medicine.Dan: Hmm, it sounds to me like she should take the ACT. Jane: Why is that?Dan: It’s more geared towards science students it includes a science-reasoning test whereas the SAT doesn’t.Jane: That’s good to know. Who is the SAT better for then?Dan: It’s better for people interested in subjects that require good problem solving and critical thinking skills.Jane: Ah, I see so it’s a test you’d be good at because you’re an expert at solving problems, especially mine!Jane: I am so nervous, Cindy! I have my IELTS test tomorrow.Cindy: Nervous, you? You have nothing to be worried about.Jane: You’re just saying that to lift my spirits.Cindy: Jane, I am serious: you’ll be fine.Jane: What makes you so sure?Cindy: Well, to begin with, your listening skills areterrific, and you have no problems with spelling and grammar. So your listening test should go very smoothly.Jane: I hope so!Cindy: I also predict strong writing and reading scores.After all, your vocabulary is good and you are a coherent, logical thinker.Jane: Why all the compliments?Cindy: I am just being honest. You need to believe in yourself.Jane: It’s hard. I just get so stressed before tests. The IELTS interview terrifies me.Cindy: Jane, you are a fluent speaker, who expressesopinions clearly and supports them with good evidence. Youwill ace the interview!Jane: I sure hope you’re right. If you are, let’scelebrate by eating out!Cindy: Sure, it’s a deal!。
现代大学英语听力第四册U1到U8
现代大学英语听力第四册U1到U8One day Palph Waldo Emerson, one of America’s greatest thinkers and philosophers, was visited by a local farmer, who saw a book by Plato in Emerson’s library and asked to borrow it. When the farmer returned the book, Emerson asked him how he liked it. The farmer replied, “I liked it. this Plato has a lot of my ideas”During an 18-month period in his early 20s, Sir Isaac Newton invented theories of gravity, light, and color, as well as calculus. At age 85, shortly before his death, he wrote, “I do not know what I may appear to the world, but to myself I have been only like a boy playing on the seashore, and diverting myself le and in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.Human beings misuse the precious fresh water in two ways. It is wasted through careless use and polluted by dumping wastes into it. People build large cities in deserts and grow crops in dry valleys. In the worl d’s dry places, people must learn to avoid waste, to make every gallon count.People pollute water by dumping sewage and industrial wastes into it or by letting pesticides from farm land run into it. Even ground water is polluted by poisons sinking into the earth. Humanity must learn that nothing just “goes away”. People need to treat sewage so it does not pollute the water. They need to keep industrial wastes completely out of the water.When Superman burst onto the screen 60 years ago there had never been a character quite like him, and he remains unique today. The innumerable imitators who followed in his wake have acknowledged his primacy by taking on the title of super hero,but Superman did more than start the trend that came to define the American comic book. His influence spread throughout all known media as he became a star of animated cartoons, radio, recordings, books, motion pictures, and television, whil his image appeared on products ranging from puzzles to peanut butter. He is perhaps the first fictional character to have been so successfully promoted as a universal icon, yet he also continues to remain a publishing phenomenon whose adventures appear in no fewer than five monthly comics magazines.The Chinese have long believed that flexible brush is the perfect means to express one’s inner s pirit. Thus calligraphy with ink on paper or silk, whether by scholars, poets, monks, or government officials, is often considered the highest form of art. Great masterworks from earlier periods such as the Tang Dynasty were used as modals for the proper style and the proportion of the more than 50,000 Chinese characters. There were also a number of different scripts to choose from. Ancient seal script, used even today for carving seals, conveys an archaic flavor, as does clerical script, developed in the Han Dynasty by clerks to record government documents. Calligraphy, however, could also be written in regular, running, or cursive script, not unlike our own choices in English-for example, most of us do not write the small letter a in the printed form, but in more rapid pencil or pen movement. Similarly, Chinese calligraphers usually preferred less formal and more dramatic styles of brushwork to regular script. Some masters, however, combined scripts, such as the painter-poet-calligrapher Zheng Xie, who enjoyed mixing clerical, regular, running, and the cursive scripts.2002 was the first year when china became a full WTO member, and also a year when the insurance industry in chinagrew the fastest, with a revenue of 305.3 billion yuan, up by 44.7 percent over the previous year, and total assets of 649.41 billion yuan, up by 41.4 percent. The insurance industry was still small in scale, constituting 2.98percent of GDP, and a low share in the national economy, much lower than that of banking and securities trading. However, demand for insurance services was sharply up. Moreover, after China’s accession to WTO, foreign insurance companies quickly flooded into China’s insurance market, China’s insurance companies also stepped up their efforts to join hands with foreign business.Looking at Moscow’s booming shopping malls or elite supermarkets, it’s easy to think there isn’t that much wrong with the Russian economy. But there’s a growing warning of serious imbalances. Household spending is continuing to grow strongly, part of a consumer-driven boom and a burgeoning personal credit sector. But elsewhere, the outlook isn’t so good. There is pressure to stop using the country’s glut of oil dollars to pay off national debt, but to invest it-in areas like hi-tech industry, infrastructure and housing reform. Russian produces very few internationally marketable consumer goods. And even former flagship industries like civilian aircraft construction, are close to extinction. Foreign businesses may also be concerned by a new draft bill the Russian government has presented to the country’s parliament. The bill, if adopted, would seriously limit foreign ers’rights to develop Russian oil and metal deposits, describing them as vital strategic national interests.The US flag is an important symbol to all Americans. During the revolution against Britain, George Washington asked Betsy Ross to make a flag as an encouragement for his soldiers. This flag had 13 stripes, seven red and six white, and in one corner 13white stars on the blue background to represent the 13 states. On 14 June, 1777, it became the flag of independent US. As each new state became part of the US, an extra star was added.Today, the flag, called Old Glory or the Stars and Stripes, is widely seen in the US. Government offices and schools have flags flying from flagpoles, and many people have flags outside their houses, especially on Independent Day. Children start the school day by saying the Pledge of Allegiance, a promise to be loyal to the flag and to their country. When somebody important dies, flags are flown at half mast. When a soldier dies, his or her coffin is covered with a flag, and after the funeral, the flag is given to the family. The flag has also been used as a symbol of protest, especially during the Vietnam War, when some people burnt the flag to show that they were ashamed of their country’s actions.Each of the US states also has its own flag. States flags may show the state flower or bird, or other emblem.Legend has it that should the ravens ever leave the Tower of London the White Tower will crumble and a great disaster shall befall England. For many centuries ravens have been known to be residents of the Tower of London and are now an integral feature protected by royal decree. It is not clear at what point in history the ravens became accepted occupants of the Tower of London but a strange point of fact is that the only recorded time that were no ravens at the T ower was in 1946. As this was just after World War Ⅱand England had come perilously clo se to falling, maybe the legend carries some weight after all.。
英语听力教程4Unit8
Unit 8 Business SuccessPart I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: 90-149 pounds 2: 465 pounds 3: 240 pounds 4: 46 pounds 5: 835 pounds Part II Witty Ways to SuccessA. Keys:B. Keys:Dos:1: about 3 2: 1 or 2 pumps 3: be firm but not crushing 4: at waist level 5: down6: business format7: e-mail buttons8: carbon copy 9: praise 10: criticize11: mind reading 12: return your phone call 13: cop toDon’ts:1: the limp handshake 2: the bone-crusher 3: the two-handed handshake 4: up 5: sensitive 6: conflict7: casual8: smiley face 9: winking 10: capitalizing11: carbon copy the bossPart III Technology in doing businessA. Keys:1: technologies; efficiency and sales 2: in the digital world 3: computer internet 4: electronic commerce; consumers 5: embrace; dieB. Keys:1: F 2: T 3: F 4: F 5: TPart IV More about the topic: How to Improve Your ExecutiveImage?A. Keys:1: d 2: c 3: a 4: b 5: aPart V Do you know…?A. Keys:1: Ten percent of American workers. 2: Construction, agriculture, communication, retail, manufacturing, engineering and real estate.3: Her customers' good will and the friendships she has made at her store. 4: Because women business owners tend to place more emphasis on nurturing the individual employee's needs.Tape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B.Hubert: Good morning.Usugi: Good morning.Hubert: Can I help you?Usugi: Er, thank you but I'm just looking at the moment.Hubert: Yes, please do. Have you come across our product before?Usugi: I think I have heard of them, yes.Hubert: We are relatively new but Golf Pro is acquiring a reputation very quickly.We have become world leaders in metal woods.Usugi: Really? Well, actually I am quite interested in metal woods. Could you tell me what the prices are in this range?Hubert: Of course. The prices start at 90 pounds and they go up to 149 pounds. Usugi: Did you say 149 pounds?Hubert: Yes, that's right. I wonder if you would be interested in our new range of ladies' clubs as well?Usugi: Well, possibly. Do you think you could give me the prices?Hubert: Yes. The range is called Golf Pro Lady and the full set of nine irons comes to 465 pounds. Woods, the set of three is 240 pounds and putters are 46pounds each.Usugi: So, that was 46 pounds each, wasn't it?Hubert: Yes, 46 pounds each.Usugi: Right, thank you, do you have some information about your top of the range full set of clubs as well?Hubert: Of course. That is our Golf Pro X. This is real state-of-the-art when it comes to professional clubs. The set of nine irons comes to 835 pounds. Veryreasonable I think you'll agree.Usugi: Mmm, not bad.Hubert: Would you like to try one out in the practice area?Usugi: Er, no thank you. I'm afraid I don't have time at the moment. But I wouldlike to read some more about your products.Hubert: Of course. Here are some of our latest brochures with up-to-date information on the full ranges. And also my card.Usugi: Thank you.Hubert: Please contact me if you need any more information.Part II Witty Ways to SuccessPart III Technology in doing businessMany analysts say the revolution in technology will cause a revolution in the way companies do business. Among those experts is Bill Gates, founder of the Microsoft Company and widely regarded as one of the most influential men in the computer industry. The Microsoft founder recently discussed his ideas in New York. Bill Gates says most businesses are still not taking advantage of existing technologies to increase efficiency and sales. He believes the majority of companies are receiving only about 20% of the advantages they could gain through technology. "If you just have the PCs in a company, and mainly what you're doing is sharing some files, and creating documents with them and not running the fundamental information flow through those PCs, then the value you are losing is greater than the value you are receiving. It's still probably a worthwhile investment." Mr. Gates says many business leaders have sought his ideas on the effective use of technology and he responded with a new book titled Business at the Speed of Thought. He believes all businesses must learn to operate in the digital world. "I think that, in most industries, if you keep trying to do business the way you've done it… in the past, that's going to create a real problem because you won't be as responsive, you won't be as efficient, as the people who are embracing the new approaches. We're seeing an incredible number of new start-ups coming into businesses, taking the interest as given, assuming that the information is there and they can reach out to their customers in this new way." Bill Gates discussed his ideas at a recent entertainment industry conference sponsored by a Variety Magazine and the Schroeder Investment Company. He told the meeting the computer internet is actually redefining what a market is. He gave an example of a highly specialized business which has used the internet to expand its market. "There's a small company up in Wisconsin, that refurbishes old phones, or sells really old phones. Now that's a business that they couldn't have been in the old world because in any city they put a store in, they just wouldn't find enough customers. Because on the internet, they have a whole world, who happens to want this able to find them, their business is growing, they are hiring new people, and you know, it's kind of a… a specialized business. So that's a really profound thing because it wouldn't have been possible without the Internet there to form the new marketplace."Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates believes electronic commerce will grow rapidly in the next decade. That, he says, will give new power to consumers. "I have no doubt that in terms of the consumer benefits here, it's unquestioningly going to be dramatic. You'll be a more informed buyer even when you don't go and do the purchase itself on the Internet."Mr. Gates says technology is making and will continue to make fundamental changes in the way business is conducted. As he sees it, companies can embrace those changes with enthusiasm, or ignore them and die.Statements:1. Bill Gates believes most companies receive only 12% of the advantages they could gain through technology.2. If a company uses PCs only for files and documents, it will make far less money than it could otherwise.3. Bill Gates' new book is entitled Business at the Speed of Technology.4. The entertainment industry conference was sponsored by a variety of magazines.5. As technology continues to develop, the consumer will become a more and more informed buyer.Part IV More about the topic: How to Improve Your ExecutiveImage?To close the credibility gap, Knapp showed us the right way to stand when speaking to groups. Jacket buttoned, feet fairly closed but angled open so that you seem alert and in control. He also demonstrated various ways that people hold their hands. At the sides, too rigid. The bishops clasped, at the waist, acceptable. The fig leaf position, too low, a sign of weakness. Arms crossed, very bad, defensive and combative. Knapp recommended using hand gestures every 15 to 30 seconds for emphasis. He had us stand up and practice a few together. Gesturing in unison to 4 to 5 phrases like “The point is this …”, and “I said, we need more production.” To prove the correctness or inadequacies of certain positions, Knapp kept citing his own experience in corporate board rooms or evidence from behavioral science, “Don’t let the fingers point down”, he instructed, “because that has negative psychological implications.” Having looked at some typical research on body language myself, I do not think that the field has yet achieved the level of scientific precision that would justify such firm conclusions. During the afternoon section, we learned the proper way to sit at a desk. Don’t lean back, don’t slouch, don’t cross the legs, don’t put your feet on the desk. It communicates strength, but in a crude sort of way. The message seemed to be, if it feels comfortable, don’t do it. One participant asked whether it is really necessary to be so rigid about how one behaves in the office. “Not necessarily,” Knapp replied, “but what I’m giving you is what people in authority do.” Discussing the importance of eye contact when talking with other people, Knapp claimed that it creates an image of sincerity, credibility and trust. He made us stand up and greet the person sitting next to us, being sure to give a firm handshake and make strong eye contact, so we did, staring each other in the eyes, sincerely.Part V Do you know…?Business Week reports that small business is now one of the most dynamic parts of the United States' economy. Currently, one in every ten American workers is employed by businesses owned by women. While service businesses dominate the women owned and operated enterprises. American women are exercising their business talents in many fields. That includes construction, agriculture, communication, retail, manufacturing, engineering and real estate. The NationalAssociation of Women Business Owners says its membership has increased 38% since 1991, according to Business Week. In addition to their search for a better synthesis between family and work, women have also been motivated to start their own businesses by layoffs and job barriers that have prevented women from advancing in their careers. But while women have shown success in beginning their own endeavors, their companies tend to be smaller than men's and slower growing. Business Week writer Wendy Zellner says our research leads her to believe that unlike men, women have other priorities than just profit when they start their own businesses. "It's not so much that… that they don't find, you know, profits and fields growth important. But they tend to rank it, perhaps, you know third or fourth, as opposed to No. 1." Rochelle Tzbarkas has been the owner for 3 years of a specialty food and spice store in New York City. She says her customers' good will and the friendships she has made at her store are highest on her list of triumphs. It was these friends, she recalls, who offered financial help when she was struggling after her first year to find over $9 000 to pay her monthly rent. "They come in. They sense the power here and… the grit and the hard work and they see something really beautiful and something worth saving." While women's small businesses may struggle more financially than men's during the company's early years, Business week says, women owned businesses are probably more stable and safer companies for which to work. The National Foundations for Women Business Owners found that 15% of women owned businesses showed job losses as opposed to 23% of all businesses. Female proprietors, Business week reports, tend to place more emphasis on nurturing the individual employee's needs. If those needs are satisfied, they reason, the company should benefit in the long run. Women owned businesses are considered more likely to offer their employees education reimbursement, flexible schedules, profit sharing at an earlier stage of the company's life and help with child care costs.。
大学体验英语听说教程4unit1unit8视频原文.doc
Unit 1Dr. Zhang: What’s so funny Lisa?Lisa: Ha, ha! I’ve just read an article about a Scottish touristwho had his passport stolen in New Zealand, by a parrot.Dr. Zhang: A parrot? A bird? That’s impossible! Are you pulling my leg?Lisa: No, I am dead se rious: it’s a true story!Dr. Zhang: What happened?Lisa: According to the article, the Scottish tourist had put his passport in a little bright bag. But the brightness of the bag drew the attention of a parrot, which swooped down, grabbed it, and flew away!Dr. Zhang: Oh my! The poor tourist! What’s he going to do?Lisa: Well, he can’t travel home. In fact, he will now have to spend an extra six weeks in New Zealand.Dr. Zhang: Six weeks?Lisa: Yeah. The article says that’s how long it will take him to get his passport renewed.Dr. Zhang: How inconvenient!Lisa: Indeed. That’s why, when I travel, I always keep important documents in a safe in my hotel room. I would never lose an ID card or passport!Lisa: Tina, I am in a panic. I can’t find my IDcard .I’ve lost it!Tina: It’s probably just misplaced. I am sure it will turn up.Lisa: No it won’t. I’ve looked everywhere for it .it’s nowhere to be found. I think I somehow threw the card out with the rubbish. I did a big house clean on Sunday and may have gotten a bit careless.Oh my, what have I done?Tina: Lisa, take it easy .it’s not the end of the world! You’ll just have to get it replaced.Lisa: How? Will I be fined?Tina: No, of course not. It’s a simple two-step process. I had to do it last year. The first thing is to report the card lost or stolen to your local police station.Lisa: That’s fairly straightforward. Then what?Tina: Take a copy of the police report to the Public Security Bureau opposite the National Library. They will issue a new card immediately.Lisa: That’s it?Tina: That’s it.Lisa: So I’ll have a new card by the end of the week?Tina: Yep. It’s no big deal, really.Lisa: You’re a star. Thanks for the help!Tina: No worries.Unit2Jack: Eric, I hope I meet the woman of my dreams sooner rather than later. I want to settle down and have a family before I am thirty.Eric: Well, I’ve always thought that you and Rachel would make a wonderful couple!Jack: Rachel? She’d never go for me.Eric: I wouldn’t be so sure. You should see the way she looks at you.What year were you born in?Jack: What year was I born in? What’s that got to do with anything?Eric: Lots. The year you were born says a great deal about your personality and who you would be compatible with as a mate.Jack: You’re kidding, right?Eric: No. I am perfectly serious.Jack: I was born in 1985.Eric: That’s the year of the ox. That makes sense, because you’re down to earth, caring and loyal, just like ox people. Are you aware that Rachel was born in 1987?Jack: Yes, I am, but what’s your point?Eric: That’s the year of the rabbit.Rabbit people are usually sweet natured, sociable and romantic.Jack: Just like Rachel…Eric: You know, it is said that an ideal match for a rabbit is an ox…Cindy: Lisa, you’re such an extro verted person, while I am much more introverted. You’re outgoing, whereas I am soft spoken. You’re very social, while I am very reserved. What do you think it is that makes our personalities so different? After all, we’re sisters!Lisa: I think it all has to do with the nature versus nurture debate?Cindy: Nature versus nurture?Lisa: Yes, some scientists think that people are born with their personalities. That’s the “nature” theory of human behavior. Other scientists claim that the environment people grow up in shapes their personalities. That’s the “nurture” theory of human behavior.Cindy: Hm. Interesting. I tend to think that the environment determines a person’s character. I guess that mea ns I subscribe to the “nurture” theory.Lisa: Me too. I suppose that’s why we are so different. We went to different schools, you played sports while Istudied music, and we hung out with different types of friends.Cindy: Nonetheless, I do think nature plays a role in shaping personality too. After all, we’re both int elligent, talented in what we do and very caring towards others. These are probably all traits that we inherited.Lisa: Maybe. I am no expert. The important thing to me is that we get along so well, enjoy being together and love each other.Cindy: You’re right. I couldn’t ask for a better sister!Unit3Tina: This is Tina Lin from HTN news, and we are withRachel Wu today, a student of Feminist Studies. Rachel, would you say that there is true equality in our society between men and women?Rachel: That's a good question. On the whole, in most areas, I believe we can speak about real equality between men and women, and that is a very clear sign of social progress. However, the wage gap is still a significant problem women still earn a lot less money than men who have the same jobs.Tina: Can you give us a specific example of discriminatory wage practices based on sex?Rachel: Most certainly. Research shows that male health professionals, such as doctors and administrators, earn twice as much as female workers doing the same jobs full-time.Tina: Twice as much! That must be an extreme case.Rachel: Yes, on average, the pay gap is just under 10%. An example of such a gap would be hotel management. Male hotel managers generally earn 9.8% more than their female counterparts.Tina: Is there any reason to believe things will improve?Rachel: Yes, there is. In fact, the situation is getting better as we speak. 10 years ago, the pay gap was 16.2%. So in the last decade, there has been an improvement of over 6% 'this shows that our society is headed in the right direction.Tina: Rachel, thank you for speaking with us today.Rachel: You're very welcome.Mary: I am reading a compelling book right now. It's called Fire with Fire.Dan: Who's the author?Mary: Naomi Wolf.Dan: Never heard of her.Mary: She is a feminist writer. Female empowerment is one of the major themes of the book.Dan: Really? In what way?Mary: She wants all women to have a voice that is heard. Like most feminists, she believes in gender equality and equal opportunities for women.Dan: How about you: are you a feminist?Mary: I am in the sense that I support the idea of men and women having equal rights. I am also sensitive to how language sometimes discriminates against women.Dan: Language discriminates?Mary: Yes, you know, people often use terms like businessman, policeman or salesman'.Dan: What's wrong with that?Mary: It suggests that women can't do these jobs. Nondiscriminatory language would be terms like businessperson, police officer or sales representative'.Dan: Yes, I see. That language is much more gender neutral. Unit4Cindy: I just had a tiff with my father.Jane: Cindy, I'm sorry to hear that. What was it about?Cindy: He was asking me about my career plans and I toldhim that I want to be a housewife.Jane: A housewife? I'm somewhat surprised to hear you say that.I mean… why would you want to be a housewife?Cindy: Because I value family more than anything else. I guess I just want to spend my adult life making a warm and loving family home.Jane: So what was your father's reaction?Cindy: He got angry. He said he was wasting his money sending me to university if my intention is only to becomea housewife.Jane: Do you think he has a point?Cindy: No, not in the least! I mean, I am extremelygrateful that he is paying for my studies, but knowledge is priceless, it's the key to understanding the world around us. Besides, if I have children, I want to help educate them and get involved with their schooling. And who knows, maybe one day, I might decide that I want to work outside the home and I'll need a degree to show that I'm qualified.Jane: Well, if it's worth anything, I support you in your decision. My feeling is that people need to take on responsibilities that give meaning to their lives. Becoming a housewife will definitely give you this sense of purpose.Cindy: Thanks Jane. That means a lot to me. You're a good friend.Lisa: Did you realize that there is a meeting scheduled for 3:30 this afternoon?Tim: No, I didn't. Any reason given for the meeting?Lisa: Elsa wants to see what we can do to run a more successful department.Tim: That should be interesting. Our department is made up of seven men and eight women. My guess is that it will be hard for us to achieve a consensus because men and women define success very differently.Lisa: Isn't the idea of success more or less the same for everybody?Tim: Not according to an article I just read. It says that women see being successful at work as being a good team player and collaborator.Lisa: I would agree.Tim: Well, you are a woman!Lisa: Tell me about men then.Tim: Men, on the other hand, define being successful at work as being self-sufficient and achieving targets.Lisa: I would agree with that too an employee needs to be able to take initiative without always being told what todo. At the meeting, I think we need to aim to create a balance between men and women's views of success.Unit5Cindy: Julie’s asked me to go to her wedding — I am so excited!Jane: Julie is getting married —that’s great news!Please congratulate her on my behalf. What will you wear?Cindy: No idea: I can’t fit in to any of my fancy clothes.I need to lose weight immediately. Any suggestions?Jane: The recipe for weight loss is simple: exercise and a healthy diet.Cindy: But I can’t stand exercise! Whenever I go jogging I get bored after 5 minutes.Jane: Well, try to do fun things. There are many other ways to burn off fat. Get involved in team sports, like volleyball, or group exercise, like aerobics or even something like yoga.Cindy: I suppose I could try.Jane: I guess it depends on how much you want to fit into a nice dress!Cindy: Alright. I’ll do some exercise, but a diet, no way!I need my chocolate. Chocolate ice cream, chocolate cake, chocolate brownies ,it’s all so scrumptious! The idea of a diet depresses me.Jane: You don’t have to give up chocolate compl etely just don’t overdo it. When you get a craving, eat some fruit or have a salad. You’ll feel refreshed!C indy: Easy for you to say. You’re not a chocoholic!Tim: Bob, you’re looking good. Have you been working out?Bob: Yeah, I’ve started this awesome exercise routine. I feel great!Tim: Well, you certainly look trim and fit. What’s the secret?Bob: Discipline and dedication. I make sure I stick to a routine.Tim: Can you walk me through it?Bob: Would love to. Every morning, before breakfast, I do some stretching to loosen up and make sure that I don’t pull any muscles during the day. Then I go for a 30-minute jog.Tim: I see what you mean by dedication. I can’t do anything before breakfast.Bob: Then, before lunch, I hit the gym and do some weight training and cardio work. It’s normally a 40-minute session.Tim: You must work up quite an appetite!Bob: I certainly do. Then, on my way home from work, I stop by the pool and go for a 1000-meter swim. Swimming is truly the best exercise: it works every muscle, including the heart, and is not hard on the joints.Tim: Well, your routine is impressive. In fact, if you keep it up, you could probably complete a triathlon.Bob: That’s my goal!Unit6Mary: What’s in that bag?Jack: A tent! I just bought it: I am going camping next month!Mary: Wow, how exciting! Where to?Jack: The Amazon. Mark and I are planning a 6-day hike through the rainforest. We’ll sleep in this tent every night, with the sounds of the jungle as background music.Mary: That has got to be the coolest camping trip ever.I’ve always wanted to explore the jungle! You'll see fascinating birds, reptiles and amphibians!Jack: I know. I’m actually afraid of snakes so hopefully we won’t come across too many of them! I am hoping we’ll see river dolphins from the shores of the Amazon.Mary: Oh yes! Pink Amazon river dolphins — those are incredible! Be sure to bring a camera.Jack: I will. I’ve actually bought a tripod so that I cantake good wildlife pictures.Mary: Great idea. Please do show me your shots when you get back.Jack: I will. I’ll make a slideshow and invite youover for a viewing and, hopefully, some great storytelling!Mary: I look forward to it!Jack: What exactly is ecotourism? It seems to be the latest travel buzzword.Eric: Indeed. Ecotravel, ecolodges, ecotourism all three terms are very popular in the travel industry nowadays. I myself am a big fan of ecotourism.Jack: So please tell me about it: I’m all ears!Eric: Well, let me begin with a question. On your view, what are some of the negative effects of tourism on travel destinations?Jack: Hmm. I guess there are two main drawbacks. The first thing is that tourism pollutes. I recently went to the seaside for the weekend, and couldn’t believ e how much rubbish from travelers littered the beaches and sea... The second thing is that tourism sometimes disrupts the local cultures and practices.Eric: These two drawbacks a re are precisely what ecotourism wants to avoid. For example, TIES —The International Ecotourism Society promotes responsibletravel to tourist areas. TIES wants travel to be environmentally friendly and help improve the well-being of local people.Jack: How can these improvements be made? Eric: By providing financial benefits and empowerment for local people, and by raising awareness on environmental and cultural issues that are important to them.Jack: I think that’s commend able. From now on, I will be an ecotourist!Unit7Cindy: Dr. Wang, do you have a moment? I would like to ask you for some advice.Dr. Wang: Of course, Cindy, what can I do for you?Cindy: I wanted to ask you about idioms. I have an IELTS test next month and the public IELTS descriptors show that I can get a higher score on the speaking test if I use idiomatic vocabulary.Dr. Wang: Well, using idioms isn’t always easy. But I could give you one or two that might be helpful.Cindy: I’d appreciate that.Dr. Wang: Hmm, let’s see …If you’re asked to describe yourself, you could answer that yo u’re a person who doesn’t like to cause problems by saying you don’t like to rock the boat.Cindy: Sure, I can remember that. Thank you...Do you have some other suggestions?Dr. Wang: Well, let me think.If you find something to be easy to do,you can say: it’s a piece of cake.Cindy: Oh yeah, I’ve heard that before.I’ll try to use that idiom during my test.I could say: speaking English is a piece of cake! Ha, ha!Dr. Wang: Ha! Yes, that’s fine. Do make sure that you use these idioms in the appropriate context or they will not make sense.Cindy: I understand.I’ll practice lots during the nextfew weeks so that I get the hang of it!Simon: I am thinking of learning French.Sherly: Ah French, the language of romance and poetry...Simon: Yes, it is a beautiful language indeed.But I don’t want to become a French poet!I plan to learn French to increase my job prospects.Sherly: I d on’t follow you.Simon: Well, I am very proud to say that I am bilingual. I speak Chinese and English. But in today’s world,to find a good job, it’s better to be trilingual.Sherly: Trilingual? You mean, speak three languages.Simon: Yes.Sherly: So why French then?Simon: It was a tough call I was thinking French or Spanish, but decided on French because I am interested in working in countries where it is spoken.Sherly: Like Canada, Switzerland and Belgium?Simon: Yes, and also places in Africa, like Senegal or Cameroon, or in Latin America, like Haiti.Sherly: I agree, those would be fascinating places to work in. Good luck!Unit8Jane: Hey Dan, thanks for freeing up time to help me.Dan: Don’t mention it Jane, it’s no problem at all... So what’s u p?Jane: My sister wants to study in America next year but doesn’t know what admissions test to take: SAT or ACT. I thought maybe you could help because you started your university studies in Chicago.Dan: Yeah, of course I can help. Both tests are verydifferent and measure different skills so I think the best choice comes down to what your sister is good at. Basically, depending on her strengths and weaknesses, she may perform much better on one test than the other.Jane: Well, she is good at science and wants to study Biology, maybe even Medicine.Dan: Hmm, it sounds to me like she should take the ACT.Jane: Why is that?Dan: It’s more geared towards science students it includes a science-reasoning test whereas the SAT doesn’t.Jane: That’s good to know. Who is the SAT better for then?Dan: It’s better for people interested in subjects that require good problem solving and critical thinking skills.Jane: Ah, I see so it’s a test you’d be good at because you’re an expert at solving problems, especi ally mine!Jane: I am so nervous, Cindy! I have my IELTS test tomorrow.Cindy: Nervous, you? You have nothing to be worried about.Jane: You’re just saying that to lift my spirits.Cindy: Jane, I am serious: you’ll be fine.Jane: What makes you so sure?Cindy: Well, to begin with, your listening skills areterrific, and you have no problems with spelling and grammar. So your listening test should go very smoothly.Jane: I hope so!Cindy: I also predict strong writing and reading scores.After all, your vocabulary is good and you are a coherent, logical thinker.Jane: Why all the compliments?Cindy: I am just being honest. You need to believe in yourself.Jane: It’s hard. I just get so stressed before tests. The IELTS interview terrifies me.Cindy: Jane, you are a fluent speaker, who expressesopinions clearly and supports them with good evidence. You will ace the interview!Jane: I sure hope you’re right.If you are, let’scelebrate by eating out!Cindy: Sure, it’s a deal!。
全新版大学英语听说教程4unit8
Unit 8 War
Listening Tasks
Word Bank
Speaking Tasks
Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Language and Cultural Notes
cemetery
gravestone herb
wisteria
n. a burial place; a graveyard 墓地，公墓 n. a tombstone 墓碑 n. any plant with leaves, seeds, or flowers used for flavoring, food, medicine, or perfume 药草，香草 n. a climbing plant with hanging clusters of small purple, blue or white flowers 紫藤，紫藤属植物
Unit 8 War
Pre-listening Task Language Focus
2. What do you think are the causes of war? From my point of view, there are three main causes of wars: wealth, power and different religious believes. Firstly, all nations that are engaged in wars need money and supplies to win the wars. In this aspect, money does not only mean currency, but also includes natural resources such as oil and land. Secondly, some nations like Germany and Japan during the World War II worship power and think their countries are stronger than others. If other countries defy their authorities, they would start wars on weaker countries. Thirdly, different religious believes
大学体验英语听说教程4(第二版)原文翻译第8单元
Unit 8 ExaminationListening task 1At first, fifth-grader Edward Lynch didn’t pay much attention to his teacher’s warnings about the big tests the class would take at the end of the school year.（刚开始，五年级的、、并没有太注意老师有关学期末大测试的提醒）But two weeks before North Carolina’s first-ever elementary-promotion exams, Edward says he’s scared.（但是在北加利福尼亚第一次基础提升考试的前两个星期，爱德华说他很害怕）He’s a B student but an erratic test taker. （他是B等学生但是个考试成绩极不稳定）“The other night I had a dream my books were squishing me and my pencils were stabbing me,”（有个晚上我做了个梦，我的书挤扁了我，我的铅笔刺痛了我）says the 11-year-old. （这个11岁的男孩说）His classmate West Bullock says, “I have friends who throw up the night before tests.”（他的同学说我有的朋友在考试前一晚会呕吐）Their teacher, Kelly Allen, worries that half of her 21 students are at risk of failing next week’s multiple-choice tests on math and reading. （他们的老师担心21个学生中一半可能会在下星期得数学和阅读多项选择考试中失利）If they fail, they won’t be able to graduate to middle school.（如果他们考砸了，他们将不能顺利升到初中)In 1996 the state of North Carolina launched its ABCs testing program, a carrot-and-stick approach that holds schools responsible for their students’educational progress.(从1996起，北加利福尼亚这个州就实行ABCs测试程序，一个软硬兼施的方法使这个学校促进学生的教育进步）Over the next four years, scores on statewide tests rose 14%. But critics of the program say the cost has been high, in ways that range from stomachaches to insomnia and depression.（在接下来的四年，州考试的分数上升了14%。
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大学英语听力四原文
LESSON 8
Lesson 8
PART B Macro-Listening
Passage I
Boxing Day
Tapescript
In the English-speaking world, the day after Christmas Day has a special name. We call it Boxing Day.
This makes it sound like a day on which everyone has a fight, but the name has nothing to do with the sport of boxing. It derives from the custom in former times of presenting servants and tradesmen with a Christmas box or gift. Here in Britain we still talk about giving the milkman or newspaper-delivery boy a Christmas box, when we mean a sum of money or present. The expression dates from the time when the money would have been put into an actual box.
Boxing Day in modern times is a quiet day. Most people are recovering from the large meals they ate the day before. The children have new toys to keep them happy, and the adults are content to watch them play. Perhaps it would be a good idea if Boxing Day actually was made to honor that sport. Then, on other days, we could celebrate Football Day, Cricket Day, Hockey Day, and so on. There are probably enough different sports to allow each day of the year to have one to itself.
Passage 2
United Nations Day
Tapescript
October 24 — the UN birthday — is celebrated as United Nations Day. It is a day that belongs to everyone, and it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate it for a week instead of a day. Every year the President of the United States, in a special announcement, asks Americans to remember United Nations Day.
In many parts of the world, schools plan programs for this day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a United Nations tree, or plant a garden, or conduct a model session of the General Assembly or Security Council. In other communities, young people put on plays about the United Nations. Some libraries exhibit children's art from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries,, or give parties where foods of other countries are served.
Always the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the United Nations and why it is important.
The United Nations encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.。