高中英语语法The Attributive Clause定语从句
定语从句TheAttributiveClause
定语从句TheAttributiveClauseThe Attributive Clause一、基本概念：在主从复合句中，放在某一名词，代词后面，对名词，代词起修饰，限制，补充说明的句子，也被称为形容词性从句，其中被修饰的名词，代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能，分为关系代词，关系副词，关系词一方面引导从句，把主句与从句联接起来，另一方面它们代替先行词在句中充当一定的成分。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词：when, where, why限制性定语从句译为“…的…”非限制性定语从句译为并列句I、限制性定语从句关系代词：1.作主语：指人（who, that）; 指物（which, that）A plane is a machine that/which can fly.The girl that/who is sitting by the window is my sister.The person that/who leaves the room last should turn off the lights.Notice : 1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不能省略。
2）The students who are singing belong to Class Two.关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句中谓语动词应和先行词保持一致。
Eg: I, who_____ your teacher, will try my best to help you. (be) The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that______ lotsof visitors. (draw)The Great wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that_______ seen from the moon. (be)3）one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句结构中，如果先行词在定语从句中作主语，从句谓语动词用复数；如果其前有the 或the only 修饰，从句谓语动词用单数。
语法The Attributive Clause定语从句A
▌语法The Attributive Clause定语从句A一、语法术语及基本概念：1. 先行词-----被定语从句所修饰的那个词。
2. 关系代词/关系副词-----用来引导定语从句的关联词。
3. 定语从句----一个句子用作某一名词或代词的定语时，我们称这个句子为定语从句。
关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which 关系副词when, where, why来引导，二、关系代词的用法：1). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用who或that来引导。
e.g. Do you know the man who / that is standing over there?The girl who / that took you to my place is my friend.2). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，用whom或that来引导，但通常可以省略。
先行词是人，关系代词在介词后面必须用whom，而且不能省略，也不能用that。
The boy (whom / that) we saw yesterday is Mr. Wang’s son.The old man with whom I often go to the films is my grandfather.3). 先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用which或that来引导e.g. The train which / that has just left is for Guangzhou.The earthquake which / that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history.4). 先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，用which或that来引导，但通常可以省略。
e.g. The bird (which / that) we caught the other day flew away yesterday.The pen with which I am writing was bought in the Shopping Center.三、关系代词做介词宾语的情况：1). 关系代词做介词宾语时，我们可以将介词置于定语从句的句首放在关系代词前, 这时关系代词不能省略。
定语从句讲解(the attributive clause)
B
A
B
4.The street ______is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which 5.The person ___finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when 6.This is the room __ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. where
B
A
B
7.The boy ___mother is ill can not B come to the party. A. who B. whose 8.Tell me the reason ___ you are late. B A. which B. why
关系副词-充当状语
时间 when 地点 where 原因 why 介词+which/介词+whom
可代替when,where,why 等关系副词 具体介词根据定从中的谓 语及先行词搭配决定
Disney is an amusement park where _______you can find all Disney movies and characters.
• 拆分成两句话： • Disney is an amusement park. • You can find all Disney movies and characters in Disney. • Disney is an amusement park in which you can find all Disney movies and characters.
Hale Waihona Puke 基础练习1. Is that the house ____ you bought last year? A. where B. which 2. Is that the picture ___ you are laughing at? A. which B.where 3. It is the most interesting book ___I’ll ever read. A. which B. that
语法知识---定语从句(The Attributive Clause)
语法知识---定语从句(The Attributive Clause)1 .But the one million people of the city, who thought of little these events, were asleep as usual that night.2. It was felt in Beijing , which is more than two hundred kilometers away.3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.Can you figure out the similar laws/rules of these sentences structure?Can you find the similar sentences in para4?1. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.2. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.The team who were wearing green won the game finally. （划分句子成分）一.定语从句及相关概念1、定语从句（The Attributive Clause)：在句中作定语，修饰某一名词或代词(甚至整个主句)的从句。
2、先行词（Antecedent)：引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分。
The Attributive Clause(定语从句 1)
• 2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时； • e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.
• 3）是或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时； • e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.
things & people
Introducing people
Guo Jingjing married the young man ________ has a big and wealthy family. who He was the man _______________ whom/who/-Lin Daiyu fell in love with. 先行词指人时，定语从句由关系代 who The teachers __________teach ourwhose all class are 词_______ 或_______ _______引 whom who experienced teachers.
• 1）不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时 • e.g. You can take any seat that is free. • We should do all that is useful to the people.
定语从句
1. 先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 2. 引导词：引导定语从句，同时代替先行词，在从 句中做成分 分为：关系代词和关系副词
定语从句Grammar The Attributive Clause
GrammarThe Attributive ClauseIdiom today God helps those who help themselves.StepⅠ. Revision1.What is the Attributive Clause?在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2·被定语从句限定的词是______, 引导定语从句的词叫做________ 。
3.关系词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。
4．关系代词包括___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___，使用口诀是：_____ ，_____ ；_____ ，_____。
关系副词包括___ ___ ___。
Exercise把下列简单句合并成定语从句1.The boy is my brother.He wears a red coat.2.I have a cat. The cat is called Kitty.3.The subject is English. I like it very much.4.Nobody wants the house. Its roof is broken.Don’t forget the things that once you owned（拥有）. Treasure（珍惜）the things that you can’t get. Don‘t give up the things that belong to you(属于) and keep those lost things in memory.Please underline the attributive clauses and translate them._____________________________________________________________________ _关系代词that 和which 在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that ?A.All______can be done has been done.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定代词修饰.B.Do you know the persons and the things I learned?先行词兼有指人和指物的名词C.This is the very book he is looking for.先行词(指物)被the very /only/ next/ last 等修饰D. This is the best TV is made in China.先行词(指物)被形容词最高级和序数词修饰E. Who you have ever seen can do it better ?当主句是which/who引导的特殊疑问句F.He is no longer the naughty boy he was inthe past. 先行词在句中作表语有哪些情况关系代词不用that ，而用which ?(1)关系代词置于介词之后，指物，作宾语The factory in ____ I once worked broke down(破产)last week.(2)先行词是整句话The boy didn’t come, made her angry.(3)非限制性定语从句，先行词是物Beijing, is the capital of China,is beautiful.１．(09山东卷）Whenever I met her ,___was fairly often,she greetedme with a sweet smile.A . WhoB . WhichC . WhenD . That ２．(09年全国卷2）My friend showed me around the town,___ wasvery kind of her.A . WhichB . ThatC . WhereD . It3 ．My uncle has come back from abroad,______ I haven’t met for along time.A . whomB . whichC . thatD . whose1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom，其中who 既可作主语也可作宾语而whom只能作宾语。
TheAttributiveClause定语从句经典实用
•The Attributive Clause定语从句
关系代词
3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以 代人也可以代物。
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时， 关系词使用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall
sign up here.
Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词 用who
have ever heard.
The first meeting( that) we will take part
in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等 不定代词时
Here is something( that) •TheAttributive Clause定语从句 I will tell you.
•The Attributive Clause定语从句
The building
is our school.
The building stands by the river.
The building which/that stands by the river is our school.
The Attributive Clause--定语从句
The Attributive Clause定语从句一. 定语从句: 用于修饰名词的从句叫定语从句。
二. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词叫先行词。
三. 关系词：引导定语从句的引导词叫关系词。
(关系词用来指代先行词并在定语从句中作成份)关系词分为：关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as关系副词：when, where, why，（that）四. 关系词在定语从句中的句法作用：关系代词：做主语，宾语，表语。
关系副词：做状语。
五.定语从句用法:例：1. The boy who/that broke the window is called Tom. (who=the boy) The girl (that / who)we saw yesterday is Mary. (that / who= the girl) The man (that/ who/whom)you spoke to was a scientist.→The man to whom you spoke was a scientist.The old man whom I am looking after is better. (look after为固定短语，不提前)2. A plane is a machine that can fly. (that=the machine)Is this the watch (that/which)you are looking for? (look for为固定短语，不提前)3. The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. (whose= the boy’s)The boy whose handwriting is the best in his class is Peter.→The boy the handwriting of whom is the best in his class is Peter. →The boy of whom the handwriting is the best in his class is Peter.The house whose window is broken is mine. (whose=the house’s)The house the window of which is broken is mine.The house of which the window is broken is mine.**Our class has 45 students, most of whom are boys.**The Chinese teams won 20 gold medals, 12 of which were won by women.(12 of which=12 of the 20 gold medals)**The man has two sons, both of whom are college students.(both of whom=both of the two sons)4. The school where I study is far from my home.(where =in the school) This is the house where I lived last year.Where=in the house; where =in whichThe city (that/which)she lives in is far away.5. I still remember the day when I came here.when =on the day; when=on which6. There are many reasons why people like traveling.why =for the reasons; why=for which7. I don’t like the way (that) you speak.that =in the way; that =in which8. This is the same pen as I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
the attributive clause 定语从句归纳总结
the attributive clause 定语从句一．定义：在复合句中修饰，限定某一n. pron或相当于n的词组或句子的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句也叫形容词性从句。
二．模式：先行词+引导词+从句1.先行词：被定语从句修饰的对象叫先行词，先行词通常是名词词组，但也可以是整个句子或句中述及的某一事件。
2.引导词即关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
3.关系词：关系代词：who whom whose that which as关系副词：when where why4.关系词通常有下列三个作用：1）引导定语从句2）代替先行词3）在定语从句中担当一个成分，关系代词在从句中作主语，表语，宾语。
关系副词在从句中作状语。
三．定语从句的分类1.限定性定语从句：对先行词进行修饰，限制，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如去掉这个从句，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
在形式上，关系词与先行词之间无逗号。
2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词不是进行修饰，限制而是对先行词进行补充和进一步说明，若去掉，主句仍能表达完整意思。
在形式上，先行词与关系词之间有一逗号。
常译成主句的并列句。
Eg: 1) The students who went to see the film were very disappointed.2) The students, who went to see the film, were very disappointed.四．定语从句的用法1）who引导的定语从句，先行词是表人的n或pron，在从句中作主语或宾语。
Eg. Is there any other reader who wants to renew his book?His mother, who loved him very much, died in 1818.2) whom引导的定语从句，先行词是表人的n或pron，在从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中常可省略，在口语或非正式语中也可用who代替。
定语从句(attributive clause)
（2）.在there be 结构中，并且先行词 是人;
who asks for There is a young man _____ your help.
7. whom指人，是宾格，作宾语 （介宾短语） (1). The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li. =The person who/whom/that you just talked to is Mr Li. (2). Mrs Read is the person to whom you should write. =Mrs Read is the person who/whom/that you should write to.
8.whose是who的所有格，用作名 词的限定语，先行词可以是人也可 以是物。 (1). This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (2). Would you please pass me the book whose cover is blue?
定语从句 (The Attributive Clause)
高一
Review： 定义： 在复合句中，修饰名词
或代词的从句叫做定语 从句。(P90)
1.分类
（1）限制性定语从句： 作定语，修饰先行词（名词/代词）。 译为定语“......的” （2）非限制性定语从句： 作定语，修饰先行词（名词/代词）或前面 整个句子。 主句和从句中有逗号。
（3）.有人、物同时作先行词时；
eg: The old woman scolded (骂) her that grand-daughter and her dog ____ broke her glasses.
高中英语BOOK1U4人教版课件Grammar---the attributive clauses 定语从句
Grammar---the attributive clauses 定语从句定语：修饰名词或代词的成分找出下列句子中的定语Some people saw bright lights in the sky. (Line 5)The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. (Line 22) 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句This is the car which he bought last year . 定义: 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句. 作用: 相当于定语,用来修饰某一名词,代词或整个主句. Eg1. Jackie Chan is an actor. He has played roles in many films. Jackie Chan is an actor ________ has played roles in many films.Eg.2 Zhai Zhigang is the first astronaut in China. He took the spacewalk. Zhai Zhigang is the first astronaut inChina_______took the spacewalk. Eg.3 Qian Xuesen is the “father of space technology ”. He died on October 31, 2009, at the age of 98. Rule 1.who/that 指人,在从句中做主语Eg.4 Do you know the man? We saw him at Tianyi Square. Do you know the man________we saw at TianyiSqure? Eg.5 The man is our teacher. I talked with him yesterday. The man______I talked with is our teacher. Rule 2. whom/who/that 指人, 在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
THE ATTRIBUTIVE 定语从句
2.定语从句 The attributive clause 修饰主语、宾语、表语 的句子就叫做定语句。 引导定语从句的关联词 有：
关系代词：who,whom
whose,which that 关系副词：when,where
3.定语从句的位置 定语从句一定放在被修 饰成分之后。
5) whose 指人或物，在 从句中作定语。 eg. That’s the man
whose house was burned down.
The girl got first.
Her father had given us a report.
The girl whose father had given us a report got first. That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see.
The boy with whom Mike is speaking is my classmate.
eg.This is the car which
先行词
he bought last year.
定语从句
Do you know the man? He spoke just now. Do you know the man who spoke just now?
2) whom指人，在从句中 作宾语，可省略。 eg.Do you know the man
2.旅客很少伤，他们逃出来了， 没有受重。
eg. I will wear no clothes which will distinguish me from others.
定语从句 the attributive clause
定语从句the attributive clause句子成分：主谓宾定状步表定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
主要有形容词，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
Eg, I like my school which is very beautiful.原因：当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
先行词+ 定语从句（名词/代词）+（关系词＋其他成分）关系词引导定语从句, 起着连接主从句，指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.注意：The woman is my mother.She is speaking at the meeting.The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。
定语从句的分类：（1）限定性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，如果没有定语从句，主句含混不清，不完整。
限定性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。
This is the house which we bought last month.（2）非限定性定语从句：是先行词的一个附加语，对先行词起进一步说明作用，如果删掉它，主句的意义仍然是完整的。
非限定性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号。
The house, which we bought last month,is very nice.在前三个例句中,定语从句与先行词关系密切,为限制性定语从句,不可用逗号将其与主句开。
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The Attributive Clause 定语从句复习课前案复习定语从句：熟记定语从句的概念及五个关系代词和三个关系副词的基本用法。
课中案Step 1.感知语法（Approaching grammar ）Task1: Look through the lyrics(歌词) and underline the Attributive Clauses.You Belong With Me - Taylor SwiftYou're on the phone with your girlfriend. She's upset. She's going off(发火) about something that you said. 'Cause she doesn't get your humor like I do. I'm in my room. It's a typical Tuesday night. I'm listening to the kind of music she doesn't like. And she'll never know your story like I do. But she wears short skirts, I wear T-shirts.*【She's cheer captain. And I'm on the bleachers(看台), Dreaming about the day when you wake upAnd find that what you're looking for has been here the whole time.If you can see I'm the one who understands you, Been here all along so why can't you see? You belong with me. You belong with me.】Walkin' the streets with you and your worn-out jeans, I can't help thinking this is how it ought to be, Laughing on a park bench thinking to myself, Hey isn't this easy?And you've got a smile that could light up this whole town.I haven't seen it in a while since she brought you down. You say you're fine. I know you better than that. Hey what you doing with a girl like that? She wears high heels. I wear sneakers. （重复*） **【Standing by and waiting at your back door, All this time how could you not know?Baby you belong with me. You belong with me. 】 Oh I remember you drivin' to my house in the middle of the night.I'm the one who makes you laugh, When you know you're about to cry. And I know your favorite songs. And you tell me about your dreams. I think I know where you belong. I think I know it's with me.Can't you see that I'm the one who understands you? Been here all along so why can't you see? You belong with me.（重复**）Task2: Translate these underlined sentences properly. Step 2. 破解语法 (Defining grammar)Step 3. 应用语法 (Applying grammar)Task1: Fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns.1. Beijing __________ is the capital of China is a very beautiful city.2.He is an English teacher ________ likes singing songs.3.September.1st is the day _____ our school held the opening ceremony.4.Library is a place ______ you can borrow books for free.5.I didn’t tell him the reason _____ I was afraid.6.He is a singer ________ songs are popular.Task2: Join two sentences into one according to the given pictures on the screen.1.This is her dream. Her dream never comes true. (which) _________________________________________2.We'll never forget the day. We fought hard in the competition. (when) ______________________________3.The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time. The family get together. (when) ______________________________4.WeChat is an app. You can easily find your friends. (where) ________________________________________5.Zhao Youting fell in love with her at the first sight. Zhao Youting married her. (1. why 2.whom)________________________________________ ____________________________________________________Task 3: Presentation: introduce Dalian No. 25 Senior High School with proper attributive clauses.No. 25 Senior High SchoolFounded: 1992Population: about 1100Appearance: green, beautiful, quietFacility(设施): modernTeachers：patient, hardworking, energeticStudents：active, helpful, brilliantStep 4. 总结(summary)课后案1.Fill in the blanks with proper relative pronouns .Once there is an official __________ always treats things positively and says, “Everything is the best arrangement(安排) _______God gives us!” One day, he goes hunting with the king. Unluckily, the king blows off（炸掉）his own thumb by the gun with _________ he hunts. The official looks at the king _______hand is bloody and says, “Perhaps this is the best arrangement from God!”Immediately, the official, _______ the king hates so much now, is put into prison. A year later, the king was caught by a tribe(部落)，_______ decides to kill him for their own gods. But they frees him at last, _______ is because they find the king’s body is n ot complete—a thumb is missing.2.Rewrite the introduction about our school into a composition, using as many attributive clauses as possible.( about 80 words）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________.。