Puromycin aminonucleoside_58-60-6_DataSheet_MedChemExpress

合集下载

培美曲塞二钠 质量标准

培美曲塞二钠 质量标准

培美曲塞二钠质量标准培美曲塞二钠(Perampanel Sodium)是一种新型的抗癫痫药物,属于非竞争性α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid受体拮抗剂。

它通过抑制神经元的兴奋性和减少谷氨酸释放,对癫痫的发作起到治疗作用。

培美曲塞二钠是钠盐形式,与其自由酸形式具有相同的药效。

培美曲塞二钠的化学结构是C23H20N4NaO,其分子量为414.42。

其化学名称是7-(3-氰基苯基)-5-苯基[1,2,4]三嗪-6-蓝烯-3-甲酸钠盐。

它是一种白色或类白色晶体粉末,溶于水、甲醇和乙醇,化学性质稳定。

培美曲塞二钠在临床上主要用于治疗癫痫。

目前,培美曲塞二钠已被批准用于治疗部分性癫痫随机化,双盲安慰剂对照研究显示,对癫痫的治疗有效率显著高于安慰剂组。

它可用作单药治疗或辅助治疗,并可用于儿童和成人患者。

剂量的选择应根据患者的具体情况来确定,一般从起始剂量开始,然后逐渐增加,直到达到有效的维持剂量。

通常,起始剂量为2毫克/天,剂量可逐步增加至最大剂量为12毫克/天。

培美曲塞二钠对于癫痫的治疗可以通过多种机制发挥作用。

首先,培美曲塞二钠作为一种非竞争性α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid(AMPA)受体拮抗剂,它能够直接抑制AMPA 受体的活性,降低神经元的兴奋性。

其次,培美曲塞二钠能够抑制谷氨酸的释放,从而减少神经元间的兴奋性传递。

最后,培美曲塞二钠可以通过调节钙离子通道和钾离子通道的活性,影响神经元内外钙离子和钾离子的浓度,从而影响神经元的兴奋性。

培美曲塞二钠的治疗效果已在大量的临床试验中得到证实。

一项对于片剂配伍剂量的研究显示,培美曲塞二钠治疗癫痫的有效率达到了50%以上。

而另一项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究对治疗癫痫的患者进行了为期12周的评估,结果显示,培美曲塞二钠组的癫痫发作次数显著减少,有效率达到了70%以上。

Puromycin aminonucleoside_抗生素嘌呤霉素的氨基核苷部分_58-60-6_Apexbio

Puromycin aminonucleoside_抗生素嘌呤霉素的氨基核苷部分_58-60-6_Apexbio
特别声明
产品仅用于研究,
不针对患者销售,望谅解。
每个产品具体的储存和使用信息显示在产品说明书中。ApexBio 产品在推荐的条件下是稳定 的。产品会根据不同的推荐温度进行运输。许多产品短期运输是稳定的,运输温度不同于长 期储存的温ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ。我们确保我们的产品是在保持试剂质量的条件下运输的。收到产品后,按照 产品说明书上的要求进行储存。
参考文献: [1] Grond J,μMuller EW,van Goor H,Weening JJ,Elema JD. Differences in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis in two rat strains. Kidney Int.1988 Feb;33(2):524-9. [2] Bertram JF,μMessina A,Ryan GB. In vitro effects of puromycin aminonucleoside on the ultrastructure of rat glomerular podocytes. Cell Tissue Res.1990 May;260(3):555-63.
Store at -20°C For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37°C and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20°C for several months. Evaluation sample solution : ship with blue ice All other available size: ship with RT , or blue ice upon request

嘌呤霉素说明书

嘌呤霉素说明书

说明:蛋白质合成抑制剂。

抑制细菌、藻类原生物和哺乳动物细胞生长。

嘌呤霉素(Puromycin)是由白黑链霉菌(Streptomyces alboniger)发酵代谢产生的一种氨基糖苷类抗生素,通过抑制蛋白质合成而杀死革兰氏阳性菌,各种动物和昆虫细胞。

某种特殊情况下有效作用大肠杆菌。

作用机制在于嘌呤霉素是氨酰-tRNA分子3’末端的类似物,能够与核糖体的A位点结合并掺入到延伸的肽链中。

嘌呤霉素同A位点结合后,不会参与随后的任何反应,从而导致蛋白质合成的提前终止并释放出C-末端含有嘌呤霉素的不成熟多肽。

嘌呤霉素产生菌Streptomyces alboniger内发现的pac基因编码嘌呤霉素N-乙酰转移酶(PAC),赋予机体对嘌呤霉素产生抗性。

这一特性如今普遍应用于筛选特定携带pac基因质粒的哺乳动物稳定转染细胞株。

嘌呤霉素在细胞稳转株筛选中的普遍应用与慢病毒载体的特性有关,现在商业化的慢病毒载体多数都携带pac基因。

在某些特定情况下,嘌呤霉素亦可以用来筛选转化携带pac基因质粒的大肠杆菌菌株。

溶解性:溶于水,参考浓度50mg/ml。

使用方法1.建议使用浓度哺乳动物细胞:1-10μg/mL,最佳浓度需要杀灭曲线来确定;大肠杆菌:LB琼脂培养基筛选稳定转化pac基因的大肠杆菌,使用浓度为125μg/mL。

注:使用嘌呤霉素筛选大肠杆菌稳转株需要精确的pH值调节,而且受宿主细胞本身的影响。

2.溶解方法用蒸馏水溶解嘌呤霉素配制成50mg/ml的母液,经0.22μm滤膜过滤除菌后分装于-20℃冻存;也可溶于甲醇,配制成10mg/ml的储存液。

3.嘌呤霉素杀灭曲线的确定(以shRNA转染或者慢病毒转导为例)嘌呤霉素有效筛选浓度跟细胞类型、生长状态、细胞密度、细胞代谢情况及细胞所处细胞周期位置等有关。

为了筛选到稳定表达的shRNA细胞株,确定杀死未转染/转导细胞的最低浓度嘌呤霉素至关重要。

建议初次做实验的客户一定要建立适合自身实验体系的杀死曲线(kill curve)。

1二硝托胺预混剂

1二硝托胺预混剂

1二硝托胺预混剂Dinitolmide Premix[有效成分]二硝托胺[含量规格]每1000g中含二硝托胺250g。

[适用动物]鸡[作用与用途]用于禽球虫病。

[用法与用量]混饲。

每1000kg饲料添加本品500g。

[注意]蛋鸡产蛋期禁用;休药期3天。

注:摘自2000年版《中国兽药典》。

2马杜霉素铵预混剂Maduramicin Ammonium Premix[有效成分]马杜霉素铵[含量规格]每1000g中含马杜霉素10g。

[适用动物]鸡[作用与用途]用于鸡球虫病。

[用法与用量]混饲。

每1000kg饲料添加本品500g。

[注意]蛋鸡产蛋期禁用;不得用于其他动物;在无球虫病时,含百万分之六以上马杜霉素铵盐的饲料对生长有明显抑制作用,也不改善饲料报酬;休药期5天。

[商品名称]加福、抗球王注:摘自《进口兽药质量标准》(1999年版)和《兽药质量标准》(第一册)。

3尼卡巴嗪预混剂Nicarbazin Premix[有效成分]尼卡巴嗪[含量规格]每1000g中含尼卡巴嗪200g。

[适用动物]鸡[作用与用途]用于鸡球虫病。

[用法与用量]混饲。

每1000kg饲料添加本品100-125g。

[注意]蛋鸡产蛋期禁用;高温季节慎用;休药期4天。

[商品名称]杀球宁注:摘自《进口兽药质量标准》(1999年版)。

4尼卡巴嗪、乙氧酰胺苯甲酯预混剂Nicarbazin and Ethopabate Premix[有效成分]尼卡巴嗪和乙氧酰胺苯甲酯[含量规格]每1000g中含尼卡巴嗪250g和乙氧酰胺苯甲酯16g。

[适用动物]鸡[作用与用途]用于鸡球虫病。

[用法与用量]混饲。

每1000kg饲料添加本品500g。

[注意]蛋鸡产蛋期和种鸡禁用;高温季节慎用;休药期9天。

[商品名称]球净注:摘自《进口兽药质量标准》(1999年版)。

5甲基盐霉素预混剂Narasin Premix[有效成分]甲基盐霉素[含量规格]每1000g中含甲基盐霉素100g。

拉米夫定片

拉米夫定片

拉米夫定通用名:拉米夫定英文名:Lamivudine别名:2R-cis)-4-Amino-1-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2(1H)-pyrim idinone; 2'-Deoxy-3'-thiacytidine中文别名:拉米呋啶; (2R-顺式)-4-氨基-1-(2-羟甲基-1,3-氧硫杂环戊-5-基)-1H-嘧啶-2-酮商品名称拉米呋啶; 贺普丁产品类别: 医药原料产品含量:99%CAS 编号:134678-17-4质量标准:USP26性状:白色结晶或结晶性粉末生产厂家:葛兰素史克、安徽贝克联合制药有限公司,湖南千金湘江药业股份有限公司分子式C8H11N3O3S (2R-顺式)-4-氨基-1-(2-羟甲基-1,3-氧硫杂环戊-5-基)-1H-嘧啶-2-酮分子量229.25 CAS 登录号 134678-17-4 拉米夫定上市已经有10年,其英文名称为Lamivudine,化学名为2’3’-双脱氧-3’-硫代胞嘧啶(2’-3’deoxy-3’-thiocytidine),又称3-TC。

在中国上市后的商品名为贺普丁。

国内外随机对照临床试验表明,每日口服100 mg 可明显抑制HBV DNA 水平,HBeAg 血清学转换率随治疗时间延长而提高,对HbeAg阳性患者治疗1、2、3、4 和5 年后HBeAg 血清转换率分别为22% 、29% 、40%、47%和50%[1-3] ;治疗前ALT 水平较高者,一般HBeAg 血清学转换率也较高[56-60] 。

长期治疗可以减轻炎症,降低肝纤维化和肝硬化的发生率[1, 2]。

随机对照临床试验表明,本药可降低肝功能失代偿和HCC(肝细胞癌)发生率[21]。

在失代偿期肝硬化患者也能改善肝功能,延长生存期[61- 63] 。

国外研究结果显示,拉米夫定治疗儿童慢性乙型肝炎的疗效与成人相似,安全性良好[64, 65] 。

嘌呤霉素氨基核苷肾病肾脏中RANK-RANKL的表达

嘌呤霉素氨基核苷肾病肾脏中RANK-RANKL的表达

嘌呤霉素氨基核苷肾病肾脏中RANK-RANKL的表达冯仲林;章斌;王文健;刘艳辉;梅平;徐丽霞;马建超;夏运风;刘双信;史伟;肖厚勤;梁馨苓;刘晓颖;叶智明;王素霞;梁永正【摘要】Objective To investigate RANK-RANKL expression in the kidneys of a rat model of puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy (PAN). Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into PAN model group and normal control group. PAN was induced by a single intravenous injection of 100 mg/kg puromycin aminonucleoside. Serum creatinine and 24-hour urinary protein were measured on days 3, 7, and 14 after the injection, and renal pathologies were assessed with optical and immune transmission electron microscopy. The expression of RANK and RANKL in the kidneys was examined using reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Results The PAN model rats showed massive proteinuria and elevated serum creatinine on day 3, which peaked on day 7. RANK-RANKL protein and mRNA expressions in PAN model group was higher than those in the control group. In the PAN rats, RANK was expressed mainly on the top cell membrane and in the cytoplasm of renal podocytes with a significantly increased expression level compared with that in the control group. Conclusion The PAN rat model shows aberrant RANK and RANKL expressions in the podocytes, indicating their contribution to podocyte injury in PAN.%目的:探讨RANK-RANKL在嘌呤霉素氨基核苷肾病(PAN)大鼠动物模型肾脏中的表达。

嘌呤霉素溶液(Puromycin,1mgml)

嘌呤霉素溶液(Puromycin,1mgml)

北京雷根生物技术有限公司
嘌呤霉素溶液(Puromycin,1mg/ml)
简介:
嘌呤霉素(Puromycin,PM )是一种蛋白质合成抑制剂,它具有与tRNA 分子末端类似的结构,能够同氨基酸结合,代替氨酰化的tRNA 同核糖体的A 位点结合,并掺入到生长的肽链中。

虽然嘌呤霉素能够同A 位点结合,但是不能参与随后的任何反应,因而导致蛋白质合成的终止并释放出C-末端含有嘌呤霉素的不成熟的多肽。

嘌呤霉素分子量为544.43,CAS 号为53-79-2。

Leagene Puromycin solution 经过滤除菌,可用于科研领域,不用于临床诊断或治疗。

组成:
操作步骤(仅供参考):
1、根据实验具体要求操作。

2、Puromycin solution(1mg/ml)其摩尔数为1.84mmol/L,而Puromycin 工作浓度一般为10~100μmol/L。

3、以工作浓度为100μmol/L 为例,即1mg/ml 稀释18.4倍,即每10ml 培养基中加入Puromycin solution(1mg/ml)544μl。

注意事项:
1、注意无菌操作,避免污染。

2、避免反复冻融,以免失效。

3、为了您的安全和健康,请穿实验服并戴一次性手套操作。

有效期:6个月有效。

相关:编号
名称CA0069Storage
Puromycin solution(1mg/ml)
1ml -20℃避光使用说明书1份编号
名称CA0075
青霉素-链霉素混合溶液(100×双抗)TE0002碱性磷酸酶(ALP)检测试剂盒(PNP 微板法)。

普罗霉素产品安全技术说明书

普罗霉素产品安全技术说明书

________________________________________________________________________________________________________安全技术说明书第 1 部分: 物质/混合物及公司/企业的标识物质或混合物标识产品代码A1113803产品名称Puromycin公司/企业标识紧急电话号码1800 636 327 (Australia)0800 636 327 (New Zealand)866-536-0631 (US)Life Technologies Corporation 5781 Van Allen Way PO Box 6482Carlsbad, CA 92008+1 760 603 7200Life Technologies Korea11&12 FL, Suseo Office Building 281 Gwangpyeong-ro, Gangnam-gu Seoul, 135-884, Korea T 82.2.2023.0600Guangzhou OfficeRoom1010-1015 South TowerGuangzhou World Trade Center Complex 371-375 HuanShi Dong Rd Yuexiu DistrictGuangzhou 510095, China Tel: +86-020-8760 9229Hotline: 800 830 2001Fax: +86-020-8775 0687Life Technologies Co. Ltd8F., No. 123, Sec. 2, Zhongxiao E. Rd.Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 10058 Taiwan Tel: +886-2-2358 2838Fax: +886-2-2358 2839Life Technologies New Zealand Limited 18 - 24 Botha Road PenroseAuckland 1061NEW ZEALAND +64 9 579 30240800 636 327Life Technologies Australia Pty Limited 5 Caribbean Drive Scoresby VIC 3179AUSTRALIA +61 3 9262 37001800 636 327Room 1711 Beijing Silver Tower #2 DongSanHuan North Rd,ChaoYang District,Beijing, China 100027Tel: +86-010-8446 1800Fax: +86-010-6410 6617________________________________________________________________________________________________________301-431-8585 (US)++1-301-431-8585 (Outside of the U.S.) Country specific Emergency Number (if available):Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.第 2部分: 危害标识澳洲的物料安全数据表声明根据澳大利亚劳动安全局标准分类.危害性物质。

慢性肾炎实验动物模型研究进展

慢性肾炎实验动物模型研究进展

慢性肾炎实验动物模型研究进展尼日特;杨巧芳【摘要】慢性肾小球肾炎是临床常见的难治性多发性疾病,是导致慢性肾衰竭的重要原因之一,几种常见的慢性肾炎也随着相关研究的深入总结形成了相应的实验用动物模型:微小病变型肾小球肾炎(MCD)和局灶节段性肾小球硬化(FSGS)常用阿霉素肾炎模型和嘌呤霉素氨基核苷肾炎模型;系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(MsPGN)常选用BSA肾炎模型和Thy-1抗血清肾炎模型;膜性肾病(MN)常用Heymann肾炎模型和C-BSA肾病模型等.根据实验需要造模动物常选用家兔、大鼠、小鼠等.【期刊名称】《医学研究杂志》【年(卷),期】2014(043)001【总页数】4页(P145-148)【关键词】慢性肾炎;动物模型;综述【作者】尼日特;杨巧芳【作者单位】010050 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学;010050 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R692慢性肾炎 (chronic nephritic)是指以蛋白尿、血尿、水肿等为基本临床表现,可有不同程度的肾功能减退,起病方式各有不同,病情迁延,病变缓慢进展,最终将发展为慢性肾衰竭的一组肾小球疾病。

常见的慢性肾小球肾炎可分为微小病变性肾病、局灶节段性肾小球硬化、膜性肾病、系膜增生性肾病等。

本病病因和发病机制复杂,经过近百年的发展,随着人们对本病的研究的不断深入,学者们更多地认识到机体免疫系统在本病发病过程中的重要作用,研究发现免疫复合物(IC)在肾小球中沉积是肾小球肾炎致病的重要环节,肾小球基膜原位的免疫复合物形成,导致肾小球病变,导致肾病综合征。

围绕对肾小球疾病的不断的研究发现,发展产生了不同的动物实验模型,本文旨在围绕慢性肾炎实验研究中几种常用的动物模型近年来的实验发展进行综述。

一、常见的慢性肾炎及其实验模型1.微小病变型肾炎和局灶性节段性肾小球硬化:微小病变性肾病(minimal change disease,MCD)为常见的肾小球疾病。

那西肽--动物专用抗生素添加剂

那西肽--动物专用抗生素添加剂

那西肽--动物专用抗生素添加剂
那西肽(Nosiheptide)是国外于80年代末期开发成功的新型非吸收型的动物专用的饲用抗生素。

我国在八五期间对其进行了研制开发,于1998年批准为国家三类新兽药,目前被农业部列为可在饲料中长时间添加使用的饲料药物添加剂(农牧发[2001]20号)。

欧盟及日本等国家也都允许使用。

1961年法国科学家在发酵液中发现了那西肽,但由于其产量低,成本太高而未能大规模推广;后来日本三菱公司对那西肽产生菌进行了大量的选育研究,并进行了动物喂养试验、安全性试验、急慢性毒性试验等,最后开发成新产品,于1987年底被日本批准为法定的饲料添加剂,其商品名为Primofax,1988年2月上市,当年的销售额为10亿日元。

目前,很多国家和地区都允许使用那西肽。

目前我国通过GMP和那西肽原料药生产厂家有:安徽省皖北药业股份有限公司[(2007)兽药GMP证字203号]和浙江汇能兽药有限公司[(2006)兽药GMP证字083号];具有农业部批准文号的生产厂家共有18家。

那西肽不但能促进畜禽生长,提高饲料效率,而且还具有不易产生耐药性,无残留,对环境影响小,对人畜安全的特点。

这些都符合当前人们对饲料添加剂的要求,故那西肽作为新型的饲料添加剂必将有广阔的应用前景。

我们的技术水平:
发酵水平:1800-2000U/ml
发酵时间:180小时
收率:95%
工艺流程:
菌种→发酵→预处理→喷雾制粒→筛分→包装
流程说明:由于发酵单位较高,提取采用直接将发酵液干燥的方法制备颗粒剂,生产工艺对环境友好,零排污。

磷酸特地唑胺产品说明

磷酸特地唑胺产品说明
C17H16FN6O6P
450.32
Bacterial
Anti-infection
项目 Test
外观 Appearance
纯度 Purity
溶解性 Solubility
保存/复检期 Storage/Recommended Retest Period
检测指标 Specification White to off-white (Solid)
北京索莱宝科技有限公司磷酸特地唑胺产品说明产品编号tcatnumberit0410产品名称tproductname磷酸特地唑胺tedizolidphosphate产品类型tproducttype小分子抑制剂smallmoleculeinhibitorscas
磷酸特地唑胺产品说明
北京索莱宝科技有限公司
产品编号 Cat Number 产品名称 Product Name 产品类型 Product Type
CAS.
分子式 Molecular Formula 分子量 Molecular Wt
靶点 Target
通路 Pathway
IT0410 磷酸特地唑胺 Tedizolid phosphate 小分子抑制剂 Small molecule inhibitors 856867-55-5
Purityห้องสมุดไป่ตู้98%
Soluble in DMSO Powder 4℃ 2 years In solvent -20℃ 1 month
注意:我司生产的小分子抑制剂均为非无菌包装,若用于细胞实验,请提前做好预处理。

碧云天生物技术 Beyotime Biotechnology 产品说明书

碧云天生物技术 Beyotime Biotechnology 产品说明书

碧云天生物技术/Beyotime Biotechnology订货热线:400-168-3301或800-8283301订货e-mail:******************技术咨询:*****************网址:碧云天网站微信公众号MuERVL-Gag Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody产品编号产品名称包装AF0240 MuERVL-Gag Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody 50μl产品简介:来源用途交叉反应性分子量Rabbit ICC, IF M 67KDa WB, Western blot; IP, Immunoprecipitation; IF, Immunofluorescence; IHC, Immunohistochemistry; ICC, Immunocytochemistry;FC, Flow Cytometry; ELISA, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay; ChIP, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay.H, Human;M, Mouse; R, Rat; C, Chicken; Cw, Cow; Dg, Dog; Gp, Guinea pig; Hm, Hamster; Hr, Horse; Mk, Monkey; Pg, Pig;Rb, Rabbit; S, Sheep; Z, Zebrafish; All, all species expected.配套提供了Western一抗稀释液,可以用于Western检测或其它适当用途时的一抗稀释。

建议抗体使用时的稀释比例如下(实际使用时需根据抗原水平的高低作适当调整):WB IP IF IHC ICC FC ELISA ChIP- - 1:200 - 1:200 - - -抗体详细信息如下:About this AntibodyName MuERVL-Gag Rabbit Polyclonal AntibodyCategory Polyclonal antibody(pAb); Primary antibodyIsotype IgGPurification Peptide affinity purifiedAbout the ImmunogenImmunogen This antibody is produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to MuERVL-Gag.Gene ID - SwissProt - Synonyms - CategoryBackground A large number of retrotransposons are expressed when the zygotic genome is first transcribed, including the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), LINE-1 elements, and the non-autonomous SINE elements. At the 2C stage, MuERV-L/MERVL retrovirus-like elements are transiently de-repressed and produce 3% of the transcribed mRNAs. Following the 2C stage, MERVL-retroelement expression is silenced. The newly study discovered that this regulated pattern of MERVL expression overlapped with greater than one hundred 2C-specific genes that have co-opted regulatory elements from these foreign retroviruses to initiate their transcription.包装清单:产品编号产品名称包装AF0240 MuERVL-Gag Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody 50μlAZ050 Western一抗稀释液50ml-说明书1份保存条件:MuERVL-Gag Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody -20ºC保存,Western一抗稀释液-20ºC或4ºC保存,一年有效。

lipofectamineRNAiMAX英文说明书

lipofectamineRNAiMAX英文说明书

Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAXCat. No. 13778-075 Size: 0.75 mlCat. No. 13778-150 Size: 1.5 mlStore at +4°C (do not freeze) DescriptionLipofectamine™ RNAiMAX is a proprietary formulation specifically developed for the transfection of siRNA and Stealth™ RNAi duplexes into eukaryotic cells. Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX provides the following advantages:• High transfection efficiencies in many cell types to minimize background expression from untransfected cells and maximize knockdown.• Minimal cytotoxicity to reduce non-specific effects and cellular stress.• Generally requires low concentrations of RNAi duplexes to obtain high knockdown levels, further minimizing non-specific effects.• A broad peak of optimal transfection activity with minimal cytotoxicity, allowing achievement of high knockdown levels despite differences in cell density, minor pipetting inaccuracies, and other variations.Important Guidelines for Transfection• Reverse transfection (page 2) and forward transfection (page 3) protocols can be used for most cell lines tested. Cell-type specific transfection protocols are available at /RNAi or through Technical Service.• We recommend Opti-MEM® I Reduced Serum Medium (Cat. No. 31985-062) to dilute RNAi duplexes and Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX before complexing.• Do not add antibiotics to media during transfection as this causes cell death.• Test serum-free media for compatibility with Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX. • To assess transfection efficiency, we recommend using a KIF11 Stealth™Select RNAi, as described in Assessing Transfection Efficiency (page 2). • Use 10 nM RNAi duplex and indicated procedure as a starting point;optimize transfections as described in Optimizing Transfections (page 3). Quality ControlLipofectamine™ RNAiMAX is tested for absence of microbial contamination with blood agar plates, Sabaraud dextrose agar plates, and fluid thioglycolate medium, for absence of RNAse activity, and functionally by transfection of Stealth™ RNAi and appropriate controls into a reporter cell line.Part No.: 13778.PPS Rev. Date: 11 Jan 2006For research use only. Not intended for any animal or human therapeutic or diagnostic use.For technical support, contact tech_service@.Page 2 Reverse TransfectionUse this procedure to reverse transfect Stealth™ RNAi or siRNA into mammalian cells in a 24-well format (for other formats, see Scaling Up or Down Transfections, page 4). In reverse transfections, the complexes are prepared inside the wells, after which cells and medium are added. Reverse transfections are faster to perform than forward transfections, and are the method of choice for high-throughput transfection. Optimize transfections as described in Optimizing Transfections (page 3), especially if transfecting a mammalian cell line for the first time. All amounts and volumes are given on a per well basis.1. For each well to be transfected, prepare RNAi duplex-Lipofectamine™RNAiMAX complexes as follows.a. Dilute 6 pmol RNAi duplex in 100 µl Opti-MEM® I Medium without serumin the well of the tissue culture plate. Mix gently.b. Mix Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX gently before use, then add 1 µlLipofectamine™ RNAiMAX to each well containing the diluted RNAimolecules. Mix gently and incubate for 10-20 minutes at roomtemperature.2. Dilute cells in complete growth medium without antibiotics so that 500 µlcontains the appropriate number of cells to give 30-50% confluence 24 hours after plating. Use 20,000-50,000 cells/well for suspension cells.3. To each well with RNAi duplex - Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX complexes, add500 µl of the diluted cells. This gives a final volume of 600 µl and a final RNA concentration of 10 nM. Mix gently by rocking the plate back and forth.4. Incubate the cells 24-72 hours at 37°C in a CO2 incubator until you are readyto assay for gene knockdown.Assessing Transfection EfficiencyTo qualitatively assess transfection efficiency, we recommend using a KIF11 Stealth™ Select RNAi (available through /rnaiexpress; for human cells, oligo HSS105842 is a good choice). Adherent cells in whichKIF11/Eg5 is knocked down exhibit a “rounded-up” phenotype after 24 hours due to a mitotic arrest (Weil, D. et al., Biotechniques (2002), 33: 1244-1248); slow growing cells may take up to 72 hours to display the rounded phenotype. Alternatively, growth inhibition can be assayed after 48-72 hours.Note: The BLOCK-iT™ Fluorescent Oligo (Cat. No. 2013) is optimized for use with Lipofectamine™ 2000, and is not recommended for Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX.Page 3 Forward TransfectionUse this procedure to forward transfect Stealth™ RNAi or siRNA into mammalian cells in a 24-well format (for other formats, see Scaling Up or Down Transfections, page 4). In forward transfections, cells are plated in the wells, and the transfection mix is generally prepared and added the next day. Optimize transfections as described in Optimizing Transfections (page 3), especially if transfecting a mammalian cell line for the first time. All amounts and volumes are given on a per well basis.Note: For some cell lines (e.g. MCF-7 or HepG2), we recommend reverse transfections.1. One day before transfection, plate cells in 500 µl of growth medium withoutantibiotics such that they will be 30-50% confluent at the time of transfection.2. For each well to be transfected, prepare RNAi duplex-Lipofectamine™RNAiMAX complexes as follows:a. Dilute 6 pmol RNAi duplex in 50 µl Opti-MEM®I Reduced Serum Mediumwithout serum. Mix gently.b. Mix Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX gently before use, then dilute 1 µl in 50 µlOpti-MEM® I Reduced Serum Medium. Mix gently.c. Combine the diluted RNAi duplex with the diluted Lipofectamine™RNAiMAX. Mix gently and incubate for 10-20 minutes at roomtemperature.3. Add the RNAi duplex-Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX complexes to each wellcontaining cells. This gives a final volume of 600 µl and a final RNAconcentration of 10 nM. Mix gently by rocking the plate back and forth.4. Incubate the cells 24-48 hours at 37°C in a CO2 incubator until you areready to assay for gene knockdown. Medium may be changed after 4-6hours.Optimizing TransfectionsTo obtain the highest transfection efficiency and low non-specific effects, optimize transfection conditions by varying RNAi duplex and Lipofectamine™RNAiMAX concentrations. Test 0.6-30 pmol RNAi duplex (final concentration 1-50 nM) and 0.5-1.5 µl Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX for 24-well format. For extended time course experiments (> 72 hours), consider a cell density that is 10-20% confluent 24 hours after plating.Note: The concentration of RNAi duplex required will vary depending on the efficacy of the duplex.Page 4 Scaling Up or Down TransfectionsTo transfect cells in different tissue culture formats, vary the amounts of Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX, RNAi duplex, cells, and medium used in proportion to the relative surface area, as shown in the table.Culture vessel Rel.surf.area1Vol. ofplatingmediumDilutionmediumreversetransfectionDilutionmediumforwardtransfectionRNAi(pmol)RNAi(nM)Lipofect-amine™RNAiMAX296-well 0.2 100 µl 20 µl 2 x 10 µl 0.12-6 1-50 0.1-0.3 µl48-well 0.4 200 µl 40 µl 2 x 20 µl 0.24-12 1-50 0.2-0.6 µl24-well 1 500 µl 100 µl 2 x 50 µl 0.6-30 1-50 0.5-1.5 µl6-well 5 2.5 ml 500 µl 2 x 250 µl 3-150 1-50 2.5-7.5 µl60 mm 10 5 ml 1 ml 2 x 500 µl 6-300 1-50 5-15 µl100 mm 30 10 ml 2 ml 2 x 1 ml 12-600 1-50 15-35 µl1 Surface areas may vary depending on the manufacturer.2If the volume of Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX is too small to dispense accurately, and you cannot pool dilutions, predilute Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX 10-fold in Opti-MEM®I Reduced Serum Medium, and dispense a 10-fold higher amount (should be at least1.0 µl per well). Discard any unused diluted Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX. Cotransfecting DNA and RNA using Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX For cotransfections of plasmid DNA and Stealth™ RNAi or siRNA into mammalian cells, we recommend using Lipofectamine™ 2000 (Catalog no. 11668-027), which is superior for plasmid transfections. If you want to use Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX for your cotransfections, perform a reverse transfection as described on page 2 with the following modifications:1a: Add 20 ng (for 24-well format) of plasmid DNA to the diluted RNAi duplex. 2: Add cells such that they will be 80-100% confluent 24 hours after plating.Purchaser NotificationThis product is covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses (see the Invitrogen catalog or our web-site, ). By the use of this product you accept the terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses.Limited Use Label License No. 5Limited Use Label License No. 27©2006 Invitrogen Corporation. All rights reserved.。

PPAR-α激动剂对PAN诱导肾小球足细胞损伤的保护作用

PPAR-α激动剂对PAN诱导肾小球足细胞损伤的保护作用

PPAR-α激动剂对PAN诱导肾小球足细胞损伤的保护作用许俊铭;潘方瑜;刘源;岳晓阳;邹军【期刊名称】《中国药理学通报》【年(卷),期】2014(000)010【摘要】Aim To investigate the function of fenofi-brate on PAN( puromycin aminonucleoside )-induced podocyte injury. Methods SD female rats of 18-week-old were randomly assigned into 3 groups ( n =6 ) . Mice in PAN group and fenofibrate treated group received a single intravenous injection of PAN ( 65 mg ·kg-1 ) , while those in control group received equal volume of saline. Mice in fenofibrate treated group re-ceive d 40 mg · kg-1 · d-1 of fenofibrate ( intragastric administration ) on day 1 after PAN injection , while those in PAN group and control group received equal volume of vehicle. 24 hours urine samples from all group were collected on day 0(1 day before PAN injec-tion), day 6, day 10. The 24 hours urine protein was detected by Bradford assay. All the rats were sacrificed 10 days after the induction of podocyte injury, and glo-merulus sample were collected. The expression of podocyte injury marker and transcription level in apop-tosis, podocyte cytoskeleton protein, slit diaphragm protein were evaluated by Western blot and real-time PCR. Results Compared with the control group, 10 days after injection of PAN, 24 hours urine protein was obviously increased, and the expression and transcrip-tion level of podocyte injury marker desmin, apoptosis, podocytecytoskeleton protein, slit diaphragm protein were upregulated greatly, however, those were signifi-cantly lower in fenofibrate treated group as compared with those in PAN group. Conclusions PPAR-α ago-nist fenofibrate can ameliorate PAN-induced glomerulus podocyte injury, and the mechanism involved may be associated with inhibition of the mitochondria apopto-sis, TGF-β/Smad pathway and p38 pathway.%目的:探讨PPAR-α激动剂非诺贝特对氨基核苷嘌呤霉素( PAN )诱导肾小球足细胞损伤的作用及其机制。

化工行业词汇

化工行业词汇

(cis+trans)-Nerolidol (cri+trans)-橙花叔醇 cis-Nerolidol cis-橙花叔醇 Trans-Nerolidol trans-橙花叔醇 Nicotine尼古丁 4-Nitrophenyl-α-L-arabinopyranoside 4-硝基苯-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷 2-Nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 2-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 3-Nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside 3-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-α-D-galactophranoside 4-硝基苯-α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-β-D-galactophranoside 4-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 2-Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside 2-硝基苯-α-D-吡喃葡糖苷 3-Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 3-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 4-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-α-D-mannopyranoside 4-硝基苯-α-吡喃⽢露糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-α-L-rhamnoside 4-硝基苯-α-L-⿏李糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside 4-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃⽊糖苷 4-Nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside 4-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃⽊糖苷 n-Nonadecane正⼗九烷 Nonadecanoic acid methylester⼗九烷酸甲酯 delta-Nonalactone gamma-Nonalactone Nonane壬烷 2-Nonanol 2-壬醇 5-Nonanol 5-壬醇 2-Nonanone 2-壬酮 Nonyl acetate⼄酸壬酯 Nootkatone诺卡酮 Norcamphor降樟脑 Nordalbergin Nordihydroguaiaretic acid去甲⼆氢愈创⽊酸 Norharman L-(+)-Norleucine L-(+)-正亮氨酸 Nornicotine dipicrate Ochratoxin A赭曲霉素A Octacosane⼆⼗⼋碳烷 grama-Octalactone gamma-丁位⾟内酯 n-Octane正⾟烷 1-Octanol 1-⾟醇 3- Octanol 3-⾟醇 2-Octanone 2-⾟酮 3-Octanone 3-⾟酮 n-Octylgallate正⾟基没⾷⼦酸 Oenin chloride氯化锦葵⾊素-3-β-葡糖苷 Oil of bergamot⾹柠檬油 Oil of cajeput⽩千层油 Oil of citronella⾹茅油 Oil of eucalyptus桉树油 Oil of geranium⽼鹳草油 Oil of grapefruit柚⼦油 Oil of jojoba西蒙得油 Oil of lavander熏⾐草油 Oil of limette⽩柠檬油 Oil of orange橙油 Oil of patchouly绿叶油/⼴藿⾹油 Oil of rose玫瑰油 Oil of rose玫瑰油 Oil of rosemary迷迭⾹油 Oil of spike Oil of thyme百⾥⾹油 Oil of wintergreen冬青油 Oleandrin夹⽵桃苷 Oleanolic acid⽯⽵素 Oleanolic acid Oleanolic acid methylester⽯⽵素甲酯 Oleic acid油酸 Oleic acid油酸 Oleic acid methylester油酸甲酯 Oleic acid sodium salt油酸钠盐 Oleuropein齐墩果甙/橄榄苦素 Ononin芒柄花苷 Orientin荭草素 L-Ornithine hydrochloride L-盐酸鸟氨酸 Oxalacetic acid草⼄酸 Oxyacanthine hydrochloride盐酸尖刺碱 Oxyacanthine sulfate硫酸尖刺碱 Palmatine chloride Palmitic acid棕榈酸 Palmitic acid methylester棕榈酸甲酯 Pangamic acid sodium salt潘氨酸钠盐 D-(+)-Pantothenic acid sodium salt D-(+)-泛酸钠盐 D-Pantothenyl alcohol D-泛酸 Papain⽊⽠蛋⽩酶 Parthenolide欧苷菊 Patulin展青霉素/绑曲霉素 Pelargonaldehyde壬醛 Pelargonidin chloride氯化天竺葵⾊素 Pelargonin chloride氯化天竺葵⾊素苷 Peltatoside Peltatoside Pentacontane Pentacosane⼆⼗五碳烷 n-Pentadecane正⼗五碳烷 Pentadecanoic acid⼗五烷酸 2′,4′,6′,3,4-Pentahydroxychalcone 2',4',6',3,4-五羟查⽿酮 3',4',5',5,7-Pentamethoxyflavone 3',4',5',5,7-五甲氧基黄酮 Peonidin chloride氯化芍药素 Peonidine-3-o-glucoside chloride (-)-Perillylalcohol (-)-紫苏⼦醇 Perillaldehyde紫苏醛 (-)-Perillic acid (-)- Peruvoside黄夹次甙甲 Petroselaidic acid Petroselinic acid岩芹酸 R-(-)-α-Phellandrene R-(-)-α-⽔芹烯 Phenylacetic acid ethylester苯⼄酸⼄酯 DL-Phenylalanine DL-苯基并氨酸 L-Phenylephrine hydrochloride 1-Phenylethanol 1-苯⼄醇 2-Phenylethanol 2-苯⼄醇 Phenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside苯基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 α-Phenylindol N-Phenylmorpholine N-苯基吗啉 Phloretic acid根⽪酸 Phloretin根⽪素 Phloridzin根⽪苷 Phloroglucinol间苯三酚 Phloroglucinol aldehyde间苯三酚醛 Phloroglucinol aldehyde trimethylether间苯三酚醛三⼄醚 Phloroglucinol aldehyde trimethylether间苯三酚醛三甲醚 Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid间苯三酚羧酸 Phloroglucinol dimethylether间苯三酚⼆甲醚 Physalien酸浆果红素 Physcion⼤黄素甲醚 Physcion⼤黄素甲醚 Phytic acid肌醇六磷酸 Phytol植醇 L-Picein L-云杉苷 Picrotin苦亭 Picrotoxin⽊防⼰苦毒素 Picrotoxinin⽊防⼰苦毒宁 Pilocarpine⽑果芸⾹碱 Pilocarpine hydrochloride盐酸⽑果芸⾹碱 Pilocarpine nitrate硝酸⽑果芸⾹碱 (1R)-(+)-cis Pinane (1R)-(+)-cis蒎烷 (1S)-(-)-cis Pinane (1S)-(-)-cis蒎烷 (1R)-(+)-trans Pinane (1R)-(+)-trans蒎烷 (1S)-(-)-trans Pinane (1S)-(-)-trans蒎烷 (1R)-(+)-α-Pinene (1R)-(+)-α-蒎烯 (1S)-(-)-α-Pinene (1S)-(-)-α-蒎烯 DL-α-Pinene DL-α-蒎烯 (-)-β-Pinene (-)-β-蒎烯 (1S)-(-)-β-Pinene (1S)-(-)-β-蒎烯 α-Pineneoxideα-蒎烯氧化物 Pinocembrin松属素 Pinocembrin-7-methylether松属素-7-甲醚 Piperine胡椒碱 Piperitone薄荷酮 Piperlongumine荜茇酰胺 Plumbagin⽯苁蓉萘醌 Podophyllin⿁⾅酯 Podophyllin⿁⾅酯 (-)-Podophyllotoxin (-)-⿁⾅毒 (-)-Podophyllotoxin (-)-⿁⾅毒 (-)-Podophyllotoxin (-)-⿁⾅毒 Polygalacturonic acid聚半乳糖醛酸 Poncirin枸橘甙 Pongamol Pratol车轴草醇 Pratol车轴草醇 Pristane姥鲛烷/朴⽇斯烷 Procaine hydrochloride盐酸普鲁卡因 Procyanidin B1原⽮车菊素B1 Procyanidin B2原⽮车菊素B2 Progesterone孕甾酮 DL-Proline DL-脯氨酸 L-Proline L-脯氨酸 Propionaldehyde丙醛 Propionic acid丙酸 Proscillaridin A海葱次甙A Protocatechualdehyde原⼉茶醛 Protocatechuic acid原⼉茶酸 Protopine hydrochloride盐酸前鸦⽚碱 Protoveratrine A原藜芦碱A Protoveratrine B原藜芦碱B Protoveratrine A+B原藜芦碱A+B Prunasin野⿊樱苷 Prunetin李属异黄酮/樱黄素 Pseudopelletierine Pseudopelletierine hydrochloride盐酸假⽯榴碱 Psoralen补⾻脂素 Psoralen补⾻脂素 Psoromic acid茶痂⾐酸 Puerarin葛根素 R-(+)-Pulegone R-(+)-长叶薄荷酮 S-(-)-Pulegone S-(-)-长叶薄荷酮 Puromycin aminonucleoside嘌呤霉素氨基核苷 Puromycin dihydrochloride⼆盐酸嘌呤霉素 Purpurogallin红倍酚 Pyrazine吡嗪 Pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid吡啶-2,5-⼆羧酸 Pyrogallol焦倍酚 4-Pyrrolidinopyridine 4-吡咯烷吡啶 2-Pyrrolidone 2-吡咯烷酮 Pyruvic acid丙酮酸 Pyruvic acid sodium salt丙酮酸钠盐 (-)-Quebrachitol (-)-⽩雀⽊醇 Quercetagetin六羟黄酮/栎草亭 Quercetin五羟黄酮/栎精 Quercetin五羟黄酮/栎精 Quercetin五羟黄酮/栎精 Quercetin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside Quercetin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside Quercetin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside Quercetin-3-o-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6''-acetate栎精-3-o-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6''-⼄酸盐 Quercetin-3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethylether栎精-3,5,7,3',4'-五甲醚 Quercetin-3,7,3',4'-tetramethylether栎精-3,7,3',4'-四甲醚 Quercitrin栎素/栎⽪苷 Quercitrin Quinaldine Quinic acid奎尼酸 Quinidine奎尼定 Quinidine sulfate硫酸奎尼定 Quinine奎宁 Quinine hydrochloride盐酸奎宁 Quinine sulfate硫酸奎宁 D-(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate D-(+)-五⽔棉⼦糖 D-(-)-Raffinose undecaacetate D-(-)-⼗⼀烷酸⼄酯棉⼦糖 Rauwolscine hydrochloride萝芙素 Rescinnamine利⾎胺 Reserpinic acid hydrochloride盐酸利⾎平酸 Resorcinol间苯⼆酚 α-Resorcylic acidα-雷琐酸/⼆羟基苯甲酸 β-Resorcylic acidβ-雷琐酸/⼆羟基苯甲酸 gamma-Resorcylic acid gamma-雷琐酸/⼆羟基苯甲酸 Resveratrol⽩藜芦醇 Retene惹烯 Rhamnetin⿏李亭 L-(+)-Rhamnose L-(+)-⿏李糖 Rhapontin⼟⼤黄甙 Rhapontin⼟⼤黄甙 Rhein⼤黄酸 Rhein⼤黄酸 Rhoeadine丽春花碱 Rhoifolin Rhoifolin漆叶甙 D-Ribose D-核糖 Ricinoleic acid蓖⿇油酸 Robinetin刺槐亭 Robinetin刺槐亭 Robinetinidin chloride Robinin刺槐素 Rosmarinic acid迷迭⾹素 Rosmarinic acid迷迭⾹素 Rottlerin咖马林/粗糠柴苦素 Rubratoxin B红霉素B Rutin芸⾹苷/芦丁 Rutin芸⾹苷/芦丁 Rutin芸⾹苷/芦丁 Rutinose芸⾹糖 Rutinose heptaacetate七⼄酸芸⾹糖酯 Sabinene桧萜 D-(+)-Saccharose D-(+)-蔗糖 Sakuranetin樱花亭 Salicin⽔杨苷 D- (-)-Salicin D-(-)-⽔杨苷 Salicyl alcohol⽔杨醇 Salicylaldehyde⽔杨醛 Salicylic acid⽔杨酸 Salicylic acid ethylester⽔杨酸⼄酯 Salicylic acid methylester⽔杨酸甲酯 Salicylic acid methylester⽔杨酸甲酯 Salsolidine hydrochloride盐酸猪⽑菜定 Salsolinol hydrobromide氢溴酸去甲猪⽑菜碱 Sanguinarine⾎根碱 Sanguinarine chloride氯化⾎根碱 Sanguinarine nitrate硝酸⾎根碱 α-Santoninα-⼭道年/⼭道酸酐 Saponarin皂草苷 Saponin皂⾓苷 Saponin皂⾓苷 Sarsapogenine Sciadopitysin⾦松双黄酮 Sclareol硬尾醇 (3aR)-(+)-Sclareolide Scopolamine hydrobromide氢溴酸莨菪胺 Scopoletin莨菪亭 Scoulerin⾦黄紫堇碱 Scutellarein黄岑配基 Scutellarein tetramethylether黄岑配基四甲醚 Scytalone Sedoheptulode anhydride Sempervirine nitrate Senecionine千⾥光宁 Seneciphyllin Senkirkin Sennidine A Sennidine B Sennoside A番泻甙A Sennoside A番泻甙A Sennoside B番泻甙B Sennoside B番泻甙B DL-Serine DL-丝氨酸 D-Serine D-丝氨酸 L-Serine L-丝氨酸 Serotonin-creatinine sulfate硫酸5-羟⾊胺-肌酸酐 Sesamol芝⿇酚 Shanzhiside methylester三栀⼦甙甲酯 Shikimic acid莽草酸 Silybin⽔飞蓟宾/西利马林 Sinapic acid芥⼦酸 Sinensetin Sinendetin Sinigrin⿊芥⼦硫苷酸钾 Sinigrin⿊芥⼦硫苷酸钾 Sissotrin β-Sitosterolβ-⾕甾醇 Skatole粪臭素/3-甲基吲哚 Smilagenin菝葜配基 Solanidine茄啶 α-Solanineα-茄碱 α-Solanineα-茄碱 α-Sophoroseα-2-葡糖-β-葡糖苷 Sorbic acid⼭梨酸 Sorbitol⼭梨醇 L-(-)-Sorbose L-(-)-⼭梨糖 Sparteine鹰⽖⾖碱/⾦雀花碱 Sparteine sulfate硫酸⾦雀花碱 Spiraeoside绣线菊甙 Spironolactone螺甾内酯 Squalane⾓鲨烷 Squalene⾓鲨烯 Squalene⾓鲨烯 Stachydrine hydrochloride盐酸⽔苏碱 Stachyose⽔苏糖 Starch slouble溶性淀粉 Starch potatoe马铃薯淀粉 Starch maize⽟⽶淀粉 Starch rice⼤⽶淀粉 Starch wheat⼩麦淀粉 Stearic acid硬脂酸 Stearic acid methylester硬脂酸甲酯 Stearyl alcohol⼗⼋烷醇 Stevioside卡哈苡苷 Stigmasterol⾖甾醇 trans-Stilbene trans-1,2⼆苯⼄烯 Strophanthidin⽺⾓拗定/毒⽑旋花苷配基 Strophanthidol⽺⾓拗醇 g-Strophanthin g-⽺⾓拗质/毒⽑旋花苷 k-Strophanthoside k-毒⽑旋花⼦甙 Succinic acid dimethylester琥珀酸⼆甲酯 Sudan III苏丹III 5-Sulfosalicylic acid 5-磺基⽔杨酸 Sulfuretin Syringaldehyde丁⾹醛 Syringetin丁⾹亭 Syringetin-3-o-galactoside丁⾹亭-3-o-半乳糖苷 Syringetin-3-o-glucoside丁⾹亭-3-o-葡糖苷 Syringic acid丁⾹酸 Syrosingopine D-Talose D-塔罗糖 L-(-)-Talose L-(-)-塔罗糖 Tamarixetin Tannin单宁 D-(-)-Tartaric acid D-(-)-酒⽯酸 L-(+)-Tartaric acid L-(+)-酒⽯酸 DL-Tartaric acid DL-酒⽯酸 Taurine⽜磺酸 Taurocholic acid sodium salt⽜磺胆酸钠盐 (+)-Taxifolin (+)-紫杉叶素 Tectochrysin柚⽊柯因 α-Terpineneα-萜品烯 gamma-Terpinene gamma-萜品烯 α-Terpineol萜品醇/松油醇 Terpineol萜品醇/松油醇 Terpinolene萜品油烯 Terpinyl acetate⼄酸萜品酯 1,2,3,4-Tetra-o-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranose 1,2,3,4-四-o-⼄酰-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖 1,3,4,6-Tetra-o-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose 1,3,4,6-四-o-⼄酰-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖 2,3,4,6-Tetra-o-benzyl-D-glucopyransoe 2,3,4,6-四-o-苄基-D-吡喃葡萄糖 n-Tetradecane正⼗四烷 Tetrahydroalstonine四氢鸭脚⽊碱 Tetrahydrolinalool四氢⾥哪醇 Tetrahydrolinalyl acetate⼄酸四氢⾥哪酯 3',4',7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavone 3,'4,7,8-四羟基黄酮 3',4',7,8-Tetramethoxyflavone 3,'4,7,8-四甲氧基黄酮 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine 2,3,5,6-四甲基吡嗪 (S,S)-(+)-Tetrandrine (S,S)-(+)-特船君/倒地拱素 1-β-D-Thioglucose sodium salt 1-β-D-硫葡萄糖钠盐 DL-Threonine DL-苏氨酸 α-(-)-Thujoneα-(-)-拧酮/崖柏酮 (α+β)-Thujone (α+β)拧酮/崖柏酮 (-)-Thujopsen (-)-罗汉柏烯 Thymidin胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷 Thymin胸腺激素 Thymol百⾥酚 Thymol百⾥酚 Tiglic acid惕各酸/顺芷酸 Tiliroside Tomatidine番茄碱 Tomatidine番茄碱 Tomatine番茄苷 Tomatine番茄苷 Trehalose海藻糖 Tricaprin三癸精 Tricaproin三⼰精 Tricaprylin三⾟精 1-Tricosanoic acid Tricyclo(5.2.1.0. exp.2.6)decan n-Tridecane正⼗三烷 Trifolirhizin红车轴草根甙 Trigonelline葫芦巴碱 Trigonelline hydrochloride盐酸葫芦巴碱 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde 2,3,4-三羟基苯甲醛 3',4',5'-Trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone 3',4',5'-三羟基-6,7-⼆甲氧基黄酮 3',5,7-Trihydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone 3',5,7-三羟基-3,4'-⼆甲氧基黄酮 3',4',7-Trihydroxyflavone 3',4',7-三羟基黄酮 5,7,8-Trihydroxyflavone 5,7,8-三羟基黄酮 3',4',7-Trihydroxyisoflavone 3',4',7-三羟基异黄酮 4',6,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone 4',6,7-三羟基异黄酮 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavone 3,5,7-三羟基-3',4',5'-三甲氧基黄酮 Trilaurin三⽉桂精 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 2,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸 2,3,4-Trimethoxycinnamic acid 2,3,4-三甲氧基⾁桂酸 2,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid 2,4,5-三甲氧基⾁桂酸 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid 3,4,5-三甲氧基⾁桂酸 3',4',7-Trimethoxyflavone 3',4',7-三甲氧基黄酮 4',6,7-Trimethoxyisoflavone 4',6,7-三甲氧基异黄酮 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine 2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪 Trimyristin三⾁⾖蔻精 Triolein三油精 Trioxsalen 3-氧补⾻脂素 Tripalmitin三棕榈精 Tripelargonin DL-Tropic acid DL-托品酸 Tropine托品/莨菪碱 Tryptamine hydrochloride盐酸⾊胺 D-Tryptophan D-⾊氨酸 DL-Tryptophan DL-⾊氨酸 L-Tryptophan L-⾊氨酸 (+)-Tubocurarine chloride (+)-氯化管箭毒碱 Turanose⼟冉糖/松⼆糖 Tyramine酪胺 Tyramine hydrochloride盐酸酪胺 D-Tyrosine D-酪氨酸 DL-Tyrosine DL-酪氨酸 L-Tyrosine methylester hydrochloride L-盐酸酪氨酸甲酯 Tyrosol对羟苯基⼄醇 Umbelliferone伞形酮 delta-Undecalactone delta-⼗⼀烷酸内酯 gamma-Undecalactone gamma-⼗⼀烷酸内酯 Ursodeoxycholic acid乌索脱氧胆酸 Ursolic acid乌宋酸 Ursolic acid乌宋酸 Ursolic acid methylester乌宋酸甲酯 (+)-Usnic acid (+)-地⾐酸 (+)-Usnic acid sodium salt (+)-地⾐酸钠盐 Uvaol熊果醇 Uvaol熊果醇 Valencene朱栾倍半萜 n-Valeraldehyde正戊醛 Valerenic acid缬草烯酸 Valerenic acid Valeric acid戊酸 Valeric acid ethylester戊酸⼄酯。

纳他霉素大全

纳他霉素大全

纳他霉素(Natamycin)品名:纳他霉素(Natamycin),亦称游霉素,匹马霉素。

产品简介:是一种多烯大环内酯类抗真菌剂,具有很强的抗真菌性能,可以专性抑制酵母菌和霉菌,能够有效抑制酵母菌和霉菌的生长,阻止丝状真菌中黄曲霉毒素的形成,而且纳他霉素对哺乳动物细胞的毒性极低,因而被广泛应用于食品防腐,是一种很好的生物防腐剂,同时纳他霉素也可用于治疗真菌引起的疾病。

纳他霉素是目前国际上唯一的抗真菌生物防腐剂用于抑制食品中的霉菌、酵母及真菌。

它是由纳他尔链霉菌经过发酵得到的一种次级代谢产物,其制剂通常有以下几种:50%纳他霉素和50%乳糖混合物、50%纳他霉素和50%葡萄糖混合物、50%纳他霉素和50%氯化钠混合物、95%纯品等几种。

C33H47NO13纳他霉素属多稀大环酯类近白色至奶油黄色结晶粉末,几乎无臭无味,可含3mol的水,溶点280℃(分解),几乎不溶于水,高级醇、醚、酯,微溶于甲醇,溶于冰醋酸和二甲苯亚砜。

对氧化剂和紫外线较为敏感。

稳定性:纳他霉素的稳定性与温度、溶液的PH值、溶剂的成份有关。

温度对活性几乎没有影响(在中性水溶液中)。

纳他霉素在室温条件下是稳定的,50℃放置几天或100℃短时处理,其活性几乎无损失。

120℃条件下加热不超过1h 仍能保持纳他霉素的部分活性。

纳他霉素在之间非常稳定,在pH5-7 之间时纳他霉素可保持最佳活性,在极端pH 值下纳他霉素迅速失活。

在紫外光下分解,失去四烯结构,γ辐射也能使纳他霉素分解。

纳他霉素的粉状品或水溶液,受到日光〔紫外线)的直接照射,会使其活性逐步丧失。

重金属,一些金属离子可以促进纳他霉素的氧化失活,尤其是铁、镍、铅、汞等重金属。

因此,纳他霉素适宜存放在玻璃、塑料或不锈钢容器中,也可以添加EDTA或聚磷酸盐来防止失活。

纳他霉素不宜与氧化剂如过氧化氢、漂白粉等接触,否则抑菌活性会明显下降。

防止氧化的方法是使用抗氧化剂,如:叶绿素、抗坏血酸、丁基甲苯等。

嘌呤霉素(Puromycin)筛选稳定细胞株的步骤及方法

嘌呤霉素(Puromycin)筛选稳定细胞株的步骤及方法

嘌呤霉素(Puromycin)筛选稳定细胞株的步骤及方法Puromycin 是来源于Streptomyces alboniger 的一种氨基核苷类抗生素,中文名为嘌呤霉素,常用于筛选能够表达pac 基因(puror)的细胞。

pac 基因表达嘌呤霉素N-乙酰转移酶(Puromycin N-acetyl-tranferase),如果该基因表达,就会对嘌呤霉素产生抗性,这一特性目前普遍应用于筛选表达pac 基因的哺乳动物稳定细胞株。

目前,很多商业化的慢病毒载体都携带pac 基因(一般在质粒图谱上标记为puror),可以利用嘌呤霉素的筛选,得到特定基因稳定表达的细胞株。

嘌呤霉素也可以用来筛选表达pac 基因的大肠杆菌菌株、酵母菌株等。

Puromycin 不仅能用于稳定细胞株的筛选,也用于稳定细胞株的维持。

Puromycin 的作用特点是快速作用于细胞,一般2 天内可以杀死99%的不表达pac 基因的细胞。

本产品浓度为10mg/ml,已过滤除菌,可以直接用于细胞培养。

使用说明:一、推荐工作浓度:推荐的作用于哺乳动物细胞的嘌呤霉素浓度一般为1-10μg/ml,但最佳工作浓度需要通过剂量反应曲线来确定。

二、嘌呤霉素剂量反应曲线的确定( 以shRNA )转染或者慢病毒感染为例)::嘌呤霉素的有效筛选浓度与细胞类型、生长状态、细胞密度、细胞代谢及细胞所处细胞周期等因素相关。

为了筛选到稳定表达的shRNA或感染病毒的细胞株,确定杀死未转染/感染细胞的最低浓度嘌呤霉素非常重要。

对于初次使用的细胞,一般需要通过实验来确定适合自身实验体系的剂量反应曲线(dose-response curve or kill curve)。

1、第一天:24 孔板中以5~8×10 4 cells/孔的密度接种细胞,接种够量的孔以便进行后续的剂量梯度实验。

细胞培养箱内培养过夜。

2、第二天:在培养过夜后的细胞中更换新鲜配制的筛选培养基,该筛选培养基为含不同浓度嘌呤霉素的新鲜培养基(如0、1、2.5、5、7.5、10μg/ml 等),更换培养基后在细胞培养箱中继续培养。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

P d t D t Sh t Product Name:
Puromycin aminonucleoside CAS No.:
58-60-6Cat. No.:
HY-15695Product Data Sheet
MWt:
294.31Formula:
C12H18N6O3Purity :>98%
Solubility:DMSO
Mechanisms:
Biological Activity:
Puromycin Aminonucleoside (3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-N6,N6-dimethyladenosine) is the aminonucleoside portion of the antibiotic puromycin;it is a puromycin analog which does not inhibit protein synthesis
Pathways:Others; Target:Others portion of the antibiotic puromycin; it is a puromycin analog which does not inhibit protein synthesis
or induce apoptosis.
IC50 Value:
Target: Puromycin Aminonucleoside is used in the study of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and in
the induction of nephrosis in rats.in vitro: PA-induced apoptosis was associated with increased p53 expression, which was completely blocked by dexamethasone. Furthermore, the inhibition of p53 by the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-alpha protected against PA-induced apoptosis. Dexamethasone also lowered the increase References:
[1]. Wada T, et al. Dexamethasone prevents podocyte apoptosis induced by puromycin aminonucleoside: role of p53 and Bcl-2-related family proteins. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005in the proapoptotic Bax, which was increased by PA, and increased expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl-xL protein [1]. Expression of PMAT in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells significantly increased
cell sensitivity to PAN [2]. in vi...
Sep;16(9):2615-25.[2]. Xia L, et al. Podocyte-specific expression of organic cation transporter PMAT: implication in
puromycin aminonucleosidenephrotoxicity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Jun;296(6):F1307-13.[3]. Kawakami H, et al. Dynamics of absolute amount of nephrin in a single podocyte in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats calculated by quantitative glomerular proteomics approach with
selected reaction monitoring mode. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012 Apr;27(4):1324-30.[4]. Nosaka K, et al. An adenosine deaminase inhibitor prevents puromycin aminonucleoside
nephrotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 1997 ;22 (4): 597-605.Caution: Not fully tested. For research purposes only
Medchemexpress LLC
...
18 W i l k i n s o n W a y , P r i n c e t o n , N J 08540,U S A
E m a i l : i n f o @m
e d c h e m e x p r e s s .c o m W e b : w w w .m e d c h e m e x p r e s s .c o m。

相关文档
最新文档