上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教程 第3册 unit 5 课文翻译与答案

Unit 5Part 1 Language Skills Development1. StarterA. Lateral thinking quiz. Read the riddles and give your answers.1. John's mother has 3 children, two of whom are named April and May. What is the third one named? John.2. A mute person wants to buy a toothbrush. By imitating the action of brushing one's teeth he successfully expresses himself to the shopkeeper and the purchase is done. Now if a blind man wishes to buy a pair of sunglasses, how should he express himself? He simply opens his mouth and asks.3. A woman lives on the tenth floor of a block of flats. Every morning she takes the lift down to the ground floor and goes to work. In the evening, she gets into the lift, and, if there is someone else in the lift she goes directly to her floor. Otherwise, she goes to the eighth floor and walks up two flights of stairs to her flat. How do you explain this?The woman is of small stature and couldn't reach the upper lift buttons.Mind Maplateral thinking 水平思考，横向思维mute a.哑的；无声的，沉默的imitate n.模仿，仿效B. Listen to a passage and answer the following questions.1. Who was murdered 23 years ago?A 38-year-old woman was murdered.2. When did the murder take place?The murder took place on October 13, 1985.3. When did the victim die and what was the direct cause of her death?She died 18 days later from head injuries resulting from the attack.4. Who re-examined the case?The Cold Case Unit re-examined it.5. Who is the suspect and where is he now?One of the woman's ex-boyfriends is the suspect. He is currently in custody.Tapescript:Police Solve 23-year-old Murder CaseMore than two decades after an Austin woman was found severely injured in her apartment, police are charging her ex-boyfriend with murder.Officials closed the 1985 murder case of then 38-year-old Austin resident, Natalie Antonetti.On October 13, 1985, Austin police were called to investigate an assault on a victim who was later identified as Antonetti. At about 5:15 a.m., Antonetti's roommate said she found her attacked and on the couch, bleeding from her head. Police said EMS transported Antonetti to the hospital, where she died 18 days later from head injuries resulting from the attack.The initial investigation went cold after authorities said they were unable to charge a suspect in this case. However, the case was re-examined in 2007 by the Cold Case Unit. In the examination, police said they followed up on an anonymous tip that was received that year.The 2007 tip produced more leads, which ultimately led to the charge of one of Antonetti's ex-boyfriends.Some 23 years later, the case was presented to a grand jury on June 10, and resulted in a charge for first-degree murder against Dennis Davis.Though Davis was previously interviewed at the time of the murder, he was never listed as a suspect. Police said he is currently in custody awaiting a hearing.Mind Mapassault n.侵犯人身（罪）couch n.长沙发EMS 紧急医疗服务（emergency medical service）Cold Case Unit 悬案组anonymous tip 匿名举报lead n.线索custody n.拘留，拘押Info Box1. Detective storyThe traditional elements of the detective story are: (1) the seemingly perfect crime; (2) the wrongly accused suspect at whom circumstantial evidence points; (3) the bungling (搞得一团糟) of dim-witted police;(4) the greater powers of observation and superior mind of the detective; and (5) the startling and unexpected denouement, in which the detective reveals how the identity of the culprit was ascertained. Detective stories frequently operate on the principle that superficially convincing evidence is ultimately irrelevant. Usually it is also axiomatic that the clues from which a logical solution to the problem can be reached be fairly presented to the reader at exactly the same time that the sleuth (侦探) receives them and that the sleuth deduce the solution to the puzzle from a logical interpretation of these clues.The first detective story was The Murders in the Rue Morgue by Edgar Allan Poe, published in April 1841. The profession of detective had come into being only a few decades earlier, and Poe is generally thought to have been influenced by the Mémoires(1828–29) of François-Eugène Vidocq, who in 1817 founded the world’s first detective bureau, in Paris.Poe’s fictional French detective, C. Auguste Dupin, appeared in two other stories, The Mystery of Marie Roget (1845) and The Purloined Letter (1845). The detective story soon expanded to novel length.The introduction of the mass-produced paperback book in the late 1930s made detective-story writers wealthy, among them the Americans Erle Stanley Gardner, whose criminal lawyer Perry Mason unraveled crimes in court, Rex Stout, with his fat, orchid-raising detective Nero Wolfe and his urbane assistant Archie Goodwin, and Frances and Richard Lockridge, with another bright married couple, Mr. and Mrs. North. In France, Georges Simenon produced novel after novel at a rapid-fire pace, making his hero, Inspector Maigret, one of the best-known detectives since Sherlock Holmes. Other writers who carried out the tradition of Holmes or broke new ground included Nicholas Blake (pseudonym of the poet C. Day-Lewis), Michael Innes, Dame Ngaio Marsh, Josephine Tey, Carter Dickson (John Dickson Carr), and P. D. James. After 1945, writers such as John Le Carré adapted the detective-story format to the increasingly popular spy novel.The Mystery Writers of America, a professional organization founded in 1945 to elevate the standards of mystery writing, including the detective story, has exerted an important influence through its annual Edgar Allan Poe Awards for excellence.2. Identical twinsIdentical twins develop from a single egg/sperm combination that splits a few days after conception. Their DNA originates from a single source, thus their genetic makeup is the same and the characteristics that are determined by genetics will be similar. Monozygotic twins are always of the same gender, except in extremely rare cases of chromosomal defect.同卵双胞胎即单卵双胞胎，是一个精子与一个卵子结合产生的一个受精卵。