四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考 化学 Word版含答案
四川省成都市五校联考2015-2016学年高二下学期期中化学试卷Word版含解析
2015-2016学年四川省成都市五校联考高二（下）期中化学试卷一、选择题1．下列物质所属类别及所含官能团的对应关系正确的是（）A．CH3CH=CH2 烯烃B．醛类﹣CHOC．羧酸﹣COOH D．酚类﹣OH2．霉酚酸是一种生物活性化合物，其结构如下图所示．下列有关霉酚酸的说法正确的是（）A．该物质的分子式为C17H18O6B．该物质中含有四种官能团C．1 mol该物质可与4 mol Br2发生加成反应D．1 mol该物质与足量金属钠反应产生1 mol氢气3．某烃的一种同分异构体只能生成一种一氯代物，该烃的分子式可以是（）A．C3H8B．C4H10C．C5H12D．C6H144．下列有机物命名正确的是（）A．2﹣甲基﹣1﹣丙醇B．2﹣甲基﹣2﹣氯丙烷C．1，3，4﹣三甲苯D．2﹣甲基﹣3﹣丁烯5．如图所示，下列实验现象的描述正确的是（）a电极b电极x溶液实验现象A 石墨石墨CuCl2a极质量增加，b极放出无色气体B Fe 石墨KNO3a极质量增加，b极放出无色气体C Fe Cu CuSO4a极质量增加，b极质量减少D 石墨石墨HCl a极放出无色气体，b极放出无色气体A．A B．B C．C D．D 6．下列有关实验原理或操作正确的是（）A．①液体分层，下层呈无色B．②洗涤沉淀时，向漏斗中加适量水，搅拌并滤干C．③分离CCl4和水D．④除去氯气中的氯化氢7．根据如图，下列判断中正确的是（）A．烧杯a中的溶液pH降低B．烧杯b中发生的反应为2H++2e﹣═H2↑C．烧杯a中发生的反应为Fe﹣2e﹣═Fe2+D．烧杯b中发生氧化反应8．已知某有机物A的红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱如图所示，下列说法中错误的是（）A．由红外光谱可知，该有机物中至少含有三种不同的化学键B．由核磁共振氢谱可知，该有机物分子中有三种不同的氢原子且个数比为1：2：3C．仅由其核磁共振氢谱可知其分子中的氢原子总数D．若A的化学式为C2H6O，则其结构简式为CH3CH2OH9．将溴水分别与酒精、己烯、己烷和四氯化碳四种试剂混合，充分振荡后静置，下列现象与所加试剂不相吻合的是（）A B C D与溴水混合的试剂酒精己烯己烷四氯化碳现象A．A B．B C．C D．D10．β﹣月桂烯的结构如图所示，该物质与Br2按物质的量之比为1：1加成时，所得产物有（）A．2种B．3种C．4种D．6种11．实验室用如图装置完成下表所列的四个实验，不能达到实验目的是（）选项实验目的试剂X 试剂YA 验证电石与饱和食盐水反应生成的乙炔的性质CuSO4溶液KMnO4溶液B 检验CH3CH2Br消去反应后的气体产物水KMnO4溶液C 检验FeSO4受热分解产生的气体中有SO3和SO2BaCl2溶液品红溶液D 验证醋酸、碳酸、硅酸酸性强弱NaOH溶液Na2SiO3溶液A．A B．B C．C D．D12．结构简式为含一个三键的炔烃氢化后的产物如图，则此炔烃可能有的结构有（）A．1种B．2种C．3种D．4种13．如图是两种烃的球棍模型，有关它们的说法，正确的是（）A．两者都能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色B．两者都能与溴水反应而使溴水褪色C．两者分子中所有原子均可能共平面D．两者的一氯代物的数目相等14．下列化合物中，既能发生水解反应，又能发生消去反应，且消去反应生成的烯烃只有一种的是（）A．CH3Cl B．C．D．15．将锌片、铜片、盐桥、导线、电流计和ZnSO4溶液、CuSO4溶液连接成如图装置，下列各叙述中正确的是（）A．构成原电池，锌片作正极B．铜片附近Cu2+离子浓度减小C．锌片上有铜析出，铜片上没有D．导线中电流的方向是由锌片流向铜片16．由CH3CH2CH2Br制备CH3CH（OH）CH2OH，依次（从左至右）发生的反应类型和反应条件都正确的是（）选项反应类型反应条件A 加成反应、取代反应、消去反应NaOH醇溶液/加热、NaOH水溶液/加热、常温B 消去反应、加成反应、水解反应NaOH水溶液/加热、常温、NaOH醇溶液/加热C 消去反应、加成反应、取代反应NaOH醇溶液/加热、常温、NaOH水溶液/加热D 氧化反应、取代反应、消去反应加热、NaOH醇溶液/加热、NaOH水溶液/加热A．A B．B C．C D．D17．如图所示，将铁棒和石墨棒插入盛有饱和NaCl溶液的U型管中．下列叙述正确的是（）A．K1闭合，电流方向由铁棒经导线流向石墨棒B．K1闭合，向铁棒附近滴入K3[Fe（CN）6]溶液，有蓝色沉淀出现C．K2闭合，碳棒是阴极D．K2闭合，电路中通过0.2N A个电子时，两极共产生4.48 L气体18．一定条件下，碳钢腐蚀与溶液pH的关系如下表，下列说法不正确的是（）pH 2 4 6 6.5 8 13.5 14腐蚀快慢较快慢较快主要产物Fe2+Fe3O4Fe2O3FeO2﹣A．在pH＜4的溶液中，碳钢主要发生析氢腐蚀B．在pH＞6的溶液中，碳钢主要发生吸氧腐蚀C．在pH＞14的溶液中，碳钢腐蚀的正极反应为O2+4OH﹣+4e﹣═2H2OD．在煮沸除氧气后的碱性溶液中，碳钢腐蚀速率会减慢19．某溶液中含有两种溶质NaCl和H2SO4，物质的量之比为3：1．用石墨作电极电解溶液，根据电极产物，可明显分为三个阶段．下列叙述不正确的是（）A．阴极只析出H2B．阳极先析出Cl2，后析出O2C．电解最后阶段为电解水D．溶液pH不断增大，最后为720．根据如图回答，下列说法正确的是（）A．此装置用于铁表面镀铜时，a为铁B．此装置用于电镀铜时，硫酸铜溶液的浓度减小C．燃料电池中正极反应为O2+2e﹣+H2O═2OH﹣D．若用该装置进行粗铜的精炼，当有1 mol水生成时，可得到64 g精铜21．某种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池以Li2CO3、K2CO3为电解质、以CH4为燃料时，该电池工作原理如图．下列说法正确的是（）A．a为CH4，b为CO2B．CO32﹣向正极移动C．此电池在常温时也能工作D．正极反应式为：O2+2CO2+4e﹣═2CO32﹣22．高功率Ni/MH（M表示储氢合金）电池已经用于混合动力汽车．总反应方程式如下：Ni（OH）2+M NiOOH+MH下列叙述不正确的是（）A．该电池放电时的正极和充电时的阴极均发生还原反应B．放电时负极反应为：MH+OH﹣﹣e﹣═M+H2OC．充电时阳极反应为：NiOOH+H2O+e﹣═Ni（OH）2+OH﹣D．放电时每转移1mol电子，正极有1molNiOOH被还原23．下列关于甲、乙、丙、丁四中有机物的说法正确的是（）A．甲、乙、丙、丁中分别加入氯水，均有红棕色液体生成B．甲、乙、丙、丁中加入NaOH溶液共热，然后加入稀硝酸调至溶液呈酸性，再滴入AgNO3溶液，均有沉淀生成C．甲、乙、丙、丁中加入NaOH的醇溶液共热，然后加入稀硝酸调至溶液呈酸性，再滴入AgNO3溶液，均有沉淀生成D．乙发生消去反应得到两种烯烃24．工业上电解法处理含镍酸性废水并得到单质Ni的原理如图所示．下列说法不正确的是（）已知：①Ni2+在弱酸性溶液中发生水解②氧化性：Ni2+（高浓度）＞H+＞Ni2+（低浓度）A．碳棒上发生的电极反应：4OH﹣﹣4e﹣═O2↑+2H2OB．电解过程中，B中NaCl溶液的物质的量浓度将不断减少C．为了提高Ni的产率，电解过程中需要控制废水pHD．若将图中阳离子膜去掉，将A、B两室合并，则电解反应总方程式发生改变二、解答题（共4小题，满分52分）25．回答下列问题：（1）0.1mol/L Na2CO3溶液呈（填“酸性”、“碱性”或“中性”），其原因是（用离子方程式表示）．（2）氢氧燃料电池是利用氢能的一种重要方式．请写出氢氧燃料电池（电解质溶液为KOH 溶液）的负极的电极反应式．（3）某温度下的水溶液中，c（H+）=10﹣x mol/L，c（OH﹣）=10﹣y mol/L．x与y的关系如图1所示：该温度下水的离子积为；该温度下0.01mol/L NaOH溶液的pH为．（4）如图2装置，已知两电极上发生的电极反应分别为：a极：Cu2++2e﹣═Cu b极：Fe﹣2e﹣═Fe2+该装置中原电解质溶液一定含有（填序号）．A．Cu2+B．Na+C．Fe2+D．Ag+（5）硫酸钡在水中存在沉淀溶解平衡：BaSO4（s）═Ba2+（aq）+SO42﹣（aq）；25℃时，BaSO4的K sp=1.1×l0﹣10，在0.1molL﹣1硫酸溶液中，钡离子的浓度最大可达到molL﹣1．26．溴苯是一种常用的化工原料．实验室制备溴苯的实验步骤如下：步骤1：在a中加入15mL苯和少量铁屑，再将b中4.0mL液溴慢慢加入到a中，充分反应．步骤2：向a中加入10mL水，然后过滤除去未反应的铁屑．步骤3：滤液依次用10mL水、8mL 10%的NaOH溶液、10mL 水洗涤，分液得粗溴苯．步骤4：向分出的粗溴苯中加入少量的无水氯化钙，静置、过滤即得粗产品．苯溴溴苯密度/gcm﹣30.88 3.10 1.50沸点/℃80 59 156在水中的溶解度微溶微溶微溶（1）步骤1仪器a中发生的主要反应是；（2）仪器c的名称是，仪器d的作用是；（3）将b中的液溴慢慢加入到a中，而不能快速加入的原因是；（4）仪器c的作用是冷凝回流，回流的主要物质有（填化学式）；（5）步骤4得到的粗产品中还含有杂质苯，已知苯、溴苯的有关物理性质如上表，则要进一步提纯粗产品，还必须进行的实验操作名称是．（6）实验结束后，试设计实验方案检验d装置所得溶液中含有Br﹣：实验操作：；实验现象和结论：．27．某烃类化合物A的质谱图表明其相对分子质量为84，红外光谱表明分子中含有碳碳双键，核磁共振氢谱表明分子中只有一种类型的氢．（1）A的结构简式为；（2）A中的碳原子是否都处于同一平面？（填“是”或者“不是”）；（3）在如图中，D1、D2互为同分异构体，E1、E2互为同分异构体．反应②的化学方程式为；C的名称为；E2的结构简式是；④、⑥的反应类型依次是、．28．某器具含碳化钨（WC）、金属钴（Co）及杂质铁等成分，以该废旧器具及制造该器具的废料为原料提取WC和金属钴的流程如下所示：请回答下列问题：（1）电解时废旧器具作阳极，不锈钢作阴极，盐酸作电解质溶液，阳极反应式为：、．（2）图中的肥料为，加入双氧水的目的是．（3）向滤液Ⅱ中加入草酸铵[（NH4）2C2O4]发生反应的离子方程式为．（4）焙烧草酸钴（CoC2O4）的化学方程式是．（5）将洗涤液回收配成电解液，目的是．滤饼的主要成分是．（6）将1t废料经上述处理，所得滤饼洗涤干净后焙烧得到固体80g，则杂质铁的质量分数为．2015-2016学年四川省成都市五校联考高二（下）期中化学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题1．下列物质所属类别及所含官能团的对应关系正确的是（）A．CH3CH=CH2 烯烃B．醛类﹣CHOC．羧酸﹣COOH D．酚类﹣OH【考点】有机物分子中的官能团及其结构．【专题】有机物的化学性质及推断．【分析】常见的官能团为碳碳双键、三键、﹣OH、﹣CHO、﹣COOH、﹣COOC﹣等，结合有机物中的官能团分析．【解答】解：A．CH3CH=CH2 含，属于烯烃，故A正确；B．含﹣COOH，为羧酸，故B错误；C．含﹣COOC﹣，为甲酸异丙酯，属于酯，故C错误；D．﹣OH与苯环不直接相连，为醇，故D错误；故选A．【点评】本题考查有机物的官能团及分类，为高频考点，把握官能团与物质分类的关系为解答的关键，侧重分析与应用能力的考查，题目难度不大．2．霉酚酸是一种生物活性化合物，其结构如下图所示．下列有关霉酚酸的说法正确的是（）A．该物质的分子式为C17H18O6B．该物质中含有四种官能团C．1 mol该物质可与4 mol Br2发生加成反应D．1 mol该物质与足量金属钠反应产生1 mol氢气【考点】有机物的结构和性质；有机物分子中的官能团及其结构．【专题】有机物的化学性质及推断．【分析】由结构可知，分子中含﹣COOC﹣、酚﹣OH、碳碳双键、﹣COOH及醚键，结合酯、酚、烯烃、羧酸的性质来解答．【解答】解：A．该物质的分子式为C17H20O6，故A错误；B．含﹣COOC﹣、酚﹣OH、碳碳双键、﹣COOH及醚键五种官能团，故B错误；C．只有酚﹣OH的邻对位与溴水发生取代反应，与碳碳双键与溴发生加成反应，则1 mol 该物质可与1 mol Br2发生加成反应，故C错误；D．酚﹣OH、﹣COOH与Na反应生成氢气，则1 mol该物质与足量金属钠反应产生1 mol 氢气，故D正确；故选D．【点评】本题考查有机物的结构与性质，为高频考点，把握官能团与性质的关系为解答的关键，侧重分析与应用能力的考查，注意酚、羧酸等有机物性质的应用，题目难度不大．3．某烃的一种同分异构体只能生成一种一氯代物，该烃的分子式可以是（）A．C3H8B．C4H10C．C5H12D．C6H14【考点】辨识简单有机化合物的同分异构体；有机化合物的异构现象．【专题】同分异构体的类型及其判定．【分析】先判断烷烃的同分异构体，再确定烷烃的对称中心，即找出等效的氢原子，根据先中心后外围的原则，将氯原子逐一去代替氢原子，有几种氢原子就有几种一氯代烃．【解答】解：A、丙烷只有一种结构（CH3CH2CH3），丙烷有2种氢原子，所以一氯代物有2种，故A错误；B、丁烷有正丁烷和异丁烷，正丁烷（CH3CH2CH2CH3）有2种氢原子，所以一氯代物有2种；异丁烷CH3CH（CH3）CH3有2种氢原子，所以一氯代物有2种，故B错误；C、戊烷有正戊烷、异戊烷、新戊烷3种同分异构体，正戊烷CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3有3种氢原子，所以一氯代物有3种；异戊烷CH3CH（CH3）CH2CH3有4种氢原子，所以一氯代物有4种；新戊烷CH3C（CH3）2CH3有1种氢原子，所以一氯代物有1种，故C正确；D、C6H14有5种同分异构体，CH3（CH2）4CH3有3种氢原子，所以一氯代物有3种；CH3CH （CH3）CH2CH2CH3有5种氢原子，所以一氯代物有5种；CH3CH2CH（CH3）CH2CH3有4种氢原子，所以一氯代物有4种；CH3C（CH3）2 CH2CH3有3种氢原子，所以一氯代物有3种；CH3CH（CH3）CH（CH3）CH3有2种氢原子，所以一氯代物有2种，故D错误；故选C．【点评】本题考查了同分异构体的判断，难度较大，先确定烃的同分异构体，再确定等效氢原子，最后根据氢原子的种类确定一氯代物的种类，会确定等效氢原子是解本题的关键．4．下列有机物命名正确的是（）A．2﹣甲基﹣1﹣丙醇B．2﹣甲基﹣2﹣氯丙烷C．1，3，4﹣三甲苯D．2﹣甲基﹣3﹣丁烯【考点】有机化合物命名．【专题】有机物分子组成通式的应用规律．【分析】A、醇命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置；B、卤代烃命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置；C、苯的同系物在命名时，从简单的侧链开始按顺时针或逆时针给主链上的碳原子进行编号，使侧链的位次和最小；D、烯烃命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置．【解答】解：A、醇命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，故主链上有4个碳原子，称为丁醇，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置，故﹣OH在2号碳原子上，则名称为2﹣丁醇，故A错误；B、卤代烃命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，故主链上有3个碳原子，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置，故在2号碳原子上有一个甲基和一个﹣Cl，故名称为：2﹣甲基﹣2﹣氯丙烷，故B正确；C、苯的同系物在命名时，从简单的侧链开始按顺时针或逆时针给主链上的碳原子进行编号，使侧链的位次和最小，故分别在1、2、4号碳原子上各有一个甲基，故名称为：1，2，4﹣三甲苯，故C错误；D、烯烃命名时，要选含官能团的最长的碳链为主链，故主链上有4个碳原子，从离官能团最近的一端给主链上的碳原子编号，并表示出官能团的位置，故在1号和2号碳原子间有双键，在3号碳原子上有一个甲基，故名称为：3﹣甲基﹣1﹣丁烯，故D错误；故选B．【点评】本题考查了醇、卤代烃、苯的同系物和烯烃的命名，应注意的是含官能团的有机物命名时，要一切以官能团为对象来考虑．5．如图所示，下列实验现象的描述正确的是（）a电极b电极x溶液实验现象A 石墨石墨CuCl2a极质量增加，b极放出无色气体B Fe 石墨KNO3a极质量增加，b极放出无色气体C Fe Cu CuSO4a极质量增加，b极质量减少D 石墨石墨HCl a极放出无色气体，b极放出无色气体A．A B．B C．C D．D【考点】原电池和电解池的工作原理．【专题】电化学专题．【分析】A．用惰性电极电解氯化铜溶液时，a电极上铜离子放电、b电极上氯离子放电；B．b电极用石墨做电极、a电极用Fe作电极电解硝酸钾溶液时，a电极上氢离子放电、b 电极上氢氧根离子放电；C．用Cu作阳极、Fe作阴极电解硫酸铜溶液时，阴极上铜离子放电、阳极上Cu失电子发生氧化反应；D．用石墨作电极电解稀盐酸，阳极上氯离子放电生成氯气、阴极上氢离子放电生成氢气．【解答】解：A．用惰性电极电解氯化铜溶液时，a电极上铜离子放电生成铜，则a电极质量增加，b电极上氯离子放电生成黄绿色气体氯气，故A错误；B．b电极用石墨做电极、a电极用Fe作电极电解硝酸钾溶液时，a电极上氢离子放电生成氢气，所以a电极质量不变，b电极上氢氧根离子放电生成氧气，所以有无色气体生成，故B错误；C．用Cu作阳极、Fe作阴极电解硫酸铜溶液时，阴极上铜离子放电生成铜，则a电极质量增加，阳极上Cu失电子发生氧化反应，则b电极质量减少，故C正确；D．用石墨作电极电解稀盐酸，阳极上氯离子放电生成氯气、阴极上氢离子放电生成氢气，所以a电极上生成无色气体、b电极上生成黄绿色气体，故D错误；故选C．【点评】本题考查了电解原理，明确离子放电顺序是解本题关键，根据阴阳极上发生的电极反应分析解答即可，注意：活泼金属作阳极时，阳极上金属失电子而不是电解质溶液中阴离子失电子，为易错点．6．下列有关实验原理或操作正确的是（）A．①液体分层，下层呈无色B．②洗涤沉淀时，向漏斗中加适量水，搅拌并滤干C．③分离CCl4和水D．④除去氯气中的氯化氢【考点】化学实验方案的评价；实验装置综合．【专题】实验评价题．【分析】A．四氯化碳的密度比水的密度大，分层后有机层在下层；B．过滤时不能搅拌；C．CCl4和水分层，水的密度小在上层；D．除杂时导管应长进短出．【解答】解：A．四氯化碳的密度比水的密度大，分层后有机层在下层，则上层为无色，有机色层在下层，故A错误；B．过滤时不能搅拌，易将滤纸捣破，故B错误；C．CCl4和水分层，水的密度小在上层，则利用图中分液装置可分离，故C正确；D．除杂时导管应长进短出，图中气体的进入方向不合理，故D错误；故选C．【点评】本题考查化学实验方案的评价，为高频考点，把握物质的性质、分离方法是解答本题的关键，侧重分析与实验能力的考查，注意实验的评价性分析，题目难度不大．7．根据如图，下列判断中正确的是（）A．烧杯a中的溶液pH降低B．烧杯b中发生的反应为2H++2e﹣═H2↑C．烧杯a中发生的反应为Fe﹣2e﹣═Fe2+D．烧杯b中发生氧化反应【考点】原电池和电解池的工作原理．【专题】电化学专题．【分析】装置图为原电池反应，b中电极锌做负极失电子发生氧化反应，a中电极上氧气得到电子发生还原反应生成氢氧根离子，以此来解答．【解答】解：A．a中Fe为正极，发生O2+2H2O+4e﹣=4OH﹣，碱性增强，pH增大，故A错误；B．b为负极，锌被氧化，电极反应为Zn﹣2e﹣=Zn2+，故B错误；C．a中发生的氧气得到电子生成氢氧根离子的反应，电极反应为O2+2H2O+4e﹣=4OH﹣，故C错误；D．烧杯b中电极上是锌失电子发生氧化反应，故D正确；故选D．【点评】本题考查原电池原理，为高频考点，把握图中装置的分析及原电池的工作原理为解答的关键，侧重电极、电极反应的考查，题目难度不大．8．已知某有机物A的红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱如图所示，下列说法中错误的是（）A．由红外光谱可知，该有机物中至少含有三种不同的化学键B．由核磁共振氢谱可知，该有机物分子中有三种不同的氢原子且个数比为1：2：3C．仅由其核磁共振氢谱可知其分子中的氢原子总数D．若A的化学式为C2H6O，则其结构简式为CH3CH2OH【考点】有机物实验式和分子式的确定；有机物结构式的确定．【专题】有机物分子组成通式的应用规律．【分析】A、红外光谱可知分子中含有C﹣H键、C﹣O键、O﹣H键．B、核磁共振氢谱中有几个峰就有几种H原子，峰的面积之比等于H原子数目之比．C、核磁共振氢谱中有几个峰就有几种H原子，只能确定H原子种类．D、由红外光谱可知分子中含有C﹣H键、C﹣O键、O﹣H键．【解答】解：A、红外光谱可知分子中至少含有C﹣H键、C﹣O键、O﹣H键三种不同的化学键，故A正确；B、核磁共振氢谱中有3个峰说明分子中3种H原子，且峰的面积之比为1：2：3，所以三种不同的氢原子且个数比为1：2：3，故B正确；C、核磁共振氢谱中只能确定H原子种类，故C错误；D、红外光谱可知分子中含有C﹣H键、C﹣O键、O﹣H键，A的化学式为C2H6O，满足化学键的结构简式为CH3CH2OH，故D正确．故选：C．【点评】考查学生对红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱的简单识图，难度较小，注意核磁共振氢谱只能确定H原子种类，峰的面积之比等于H原子数目之比．9．将溴水分别与酒精、己烯、己烷和四氯化碳四种试剂混合，充分振荡后静置，下列现象与所加试剂不相吻合的是（）A B C D与溴水混合的试剂酒精己烯己烷四氯化碳现象A．A B．B C．C D．D【考点】有机物的鉴别．【专题】有机物的化学性质及推断．【分析】将溴水分别与酒精、己烯、己烷和四氯化碳四种试剂混合的现象为：不分层、溴水褪色且分层后上层为无色、分层下层为无色、分层后上层为无色，以此来解答．【解答】解：A．酒精与溴水混合不分层，现象不合理，故A选；B．己烯与溴水发生加成反应，溶液褪色，分层后水在上层，现象合理，故B不选；C．己烷与溴水混合发生萃取，水在下层，现象合理，故C不选；D．四氯化碳与溴水混合发生萃取，水在上层，现象合理，故D不选；故选A．【点评】本题考查有机物的鉴别，为高频考点，把握有机物的性质及萃取现象为解答的关键，侧重分析与应用能力的考查，题目难度不大．10．β﹣月桂烯的结构如图所示，该物质与Br2按物质的量之比为1：1加成时，所得产物有（）A．2种B．3种C．4种D．6种【考点】有机物的结构和性质．【专题】有机物的化学性质及推断．【分析】β﹣月桂烯含有三个双键，都能发生加成反应，且存在与1﹣3丁二烯类似结构，则能发生1，4加成．【解答】解：因分子存在三种不同的碳碳双键，如图所示；1分子物质与1分子Br2加成时，可以在①②③的位置上发生加成，也1分子Br2在①②发生1，4加成反应，故所得产物共有四种，故选C．【点评】本题考查烯烃的加成反应，侧重考查学生知识迁移能力，为高频考点，明确加成的规律及利用结构与1﹣3丁二烯类似来分析解答即可，题目难度中等．11．实验室用如图装置完成下表所列的四个实验，不能达到实验目的是（）选项实验目的试剂X 试剂YA 验证电石与饱和食盐水反应生成的乙炔的性质CuSO4溶液KMnO4溶液B 检验CH3CH2Br消去反应后的气体产物水KMnO4溶液C 检验FeSO4受热分解产生的气体中有SO3和SO2BaCl2溶液品红溶液D 验证醋酸、碳酸、硅酸酸性强弱NaOH溶液Na2SiO3溶液A．A B．B C．C D．D【考点】化学实验方案的评价．【专题】实验评价题．【分析】A．X可除去混有的硫化氢，Y可检验乙炔；B．CH3CH2Br消去反应生成乙烯；C．二氧化硫与氯化钡不反应；D．醋酸能与硅酸钠溶液反应．【解答】解：A．X可除去混有的硫化氢，Y可检验乙炔，乙炔能使酸性高锰酸钾褪色，Y 中观察到褪色可检验乙炔，故A正确；B．CH3CH2Br消去反应条件是氢氧化钠乙醇溶液，水可除去乙醇，CH3CH2Br消去反应生成乙烯，乙烯有还原性，能使KMnO4溶液褪色，故B正确；C．二氧化硫与氯化钡不反应，有沉淀生成说明有三氧化硫，使品红褪色说明有二氧化硫，故C正确；D．醋酸能与硅酸钠溶液反应，应除掉后再通入硅酸钠溶液，故D错误．故选D．【点评】本题考查化学实验方案的评价，为高频考点，涉及有机物的制备、检验及酸性比较等，把握制备中可能混有的杂质、有机物的性质等为解答的关键，侧重分析与实验能力的考查，注意实验的评价性分析，题目难度不大．12．结构简式为含一个三键的炔烃氢化后的产物如图，则此炔烃可能有的结构有（）A．1种B．2种C．3种D．4种【考点】常见有机化合物的结构．【专题】有机物分子组成通式的应用规律．【分析】加成反应指有机物分子中的不饱和键断裂，断键原子与其他原子或原子团相结合，生成新的化合物的反应．根据加成原理采取逆推法还原C≡C三键，烷烃分子中相邻碳原子上均带2个氢原子的碳原子间是对应炔存在C≡C的位置．还原三键时注意：先判断该烃结构是否对称，如果对称，只考虑该分子一边的结构和对称线两边相邻碳原子即可；如果不对称，要全部考虑，然后各去掉相邻碳原子的2个氢原子还原C≡C．【解答】解：根据炔烃与H2加成反应的原理，推知该烷烃分子中相邻碳原子上均带2个氢原子的碳原子间是对应炔存在C≡C的位置．有如图所示的2个位置可以还原C≡C键，。
四川省某重点中学2014—2015学年高二下学期期中考试 化学 Word版含答案.pdf
高2013级高二下期半期考试 化学试题 相对原子质量：H-1 Li-7 C-12 N-14 O-16 Ca-40 一、选择题（1-14小题，每题2分，15-20小题，每题3分，共46分） 1. 下列物质的类别与所含官能团都正确的是 2．>HZ>HY B、HZ>HY>HZ C、HX>HY>HZ D、HY>HZ>HX 3. 物质的量浓度都是0.1mol/L的CH3COOH和CH3COONa混合溶液，已知其中c(CH3COO-)＞c（Na+），对该溶液的下列判断正确的是（ ） A.c(H+)②>①>③?B．②>①>③>④ C．④>②>③>①?D．③>②>④>① 9.化学用语是学习化学的重要工具,下列用来表示物质变化的化学用语中,正确的是 A.氯碱工业中电解饱和食盐水时,阳极的电极反应为:2Cl--2e-Cl2↑ B.氢氧燃料电池的负极反应:O2+2H2O+4e-4OH- C.粗铜精炼时,与电源正极相连的是纯铜,电极反应为:Cu-2e-Cu2+ D.钢铁发生电化学腐蚀的正极反应:Fe-2e-Fe2+ 观察下列几个装置示意图,有关叙述正确的是 A.装置①中阳极上析出红色固体 B.装置②的待镀铁制品应与电源正极相连 C.装置③闭合电键后,外电路电子由a极流向b极 D.装置④的离子交换膜允许阳离子、阴离子、水分子自由通过 .某小组为研究电化学原理,设计如图装置,下列叙述不正确的是 A.a和b不连接时,铁片上会有金属铜析出 B.a和b用导线连接时,铜片上发生的反应为:Cu2++2e-Cu C.无论a和b是否连接,铁片均会溶解,溶液均从蓝色逐渐变成浅绿色 D.a和b分别连接直流电源正、负极,电压足够大时,Cu2+向铜电极移动 .金属镍有广泛的用途。
粗镍中含有少量杂质Fe、Zn、Cu、Pt,可用电解法制备高纯度的镍(已知:氧化性Fe2+<Ni2+c(Clˉ)>c(H+)> c(OHˉ) D．在pH=4的氯化铵溶液中c(H+)+ c(NH4+)=c(Clˉ)+ c(OHˉ) ．常温时，将pH=13的强碱溶液和pH=2的强酸溶液混合，所得溶液的pH=11，则强碱溶液和强酸溶液的体积之比为： A．1:9 B．9:1 C．10:1 D．1:10 16．实验室用标准盐酸溶液测定某NaOH溶液的浓度，用甲基橙（其pH变色范围为3.1～4.4）作指示剂，下列操作中可能使测定结果偏低的是A．酸式滴定管在装酸液前未用标准盐酸润洗2～3次 B．开始实验时酸式滴定管尖嘴部分有气泡，在滴定过程中气泡消失 C．锥形瓶溶液颜色变化由黄色变橙色，立即记下滴定管液面所在刻度 D．盛NaOH溶液的锥形瓶滴定前用NaOH溶液润洗2～3次 1．对于常温下0.0lmol/L的氨水，下列叙述正确的是A．c(H+)+c(NH4+)=c(OH－) B．与等体积等浓度的氯化铵溶液混合c(NH4+)+c(NH3· H2O)=0.02 mol·L－1 C．与等体积等浓度的盐酸混合后所得溶液显 D．由H2O电离出的c(H+)=1.0×10－12 mol·L－1 1．25时下列叙述正确的是 A．0.10mol·L－1的三种溶液：NaCl、NaOH、CH3COONa，其pH大小顺序为：＞＞ B．0.10mol·L－1NaHCO3溶液中：c(CO32－)+c(HCO3－)+c(H2CO3)=0.10mol·L－1 C．pH=2的盐酸和pH=12的NaOH溶液中，水的离子积Kw同 D．与体积相同、pH=2的盐酸和醋酸完全反应，需要0.010mol·L－1 NaOH的体积相同 ．下列溶液中各微粒的浓度关系不正确的是A．0.1 mol/LCH3COOH溶液中：c(CH3COO－)+ c(CH3COOH)=0.1mol/L B．NaHCO3溶液中： c(OH－)=c(H＋) + c(H2CO3)－c(CO32－) C．CH3COONa溶液中：c(Na＋)> c(CH3COO－)> c(OH－)> c(H＋) D．Na2S溶液中：2 c(Na+）=c(S2－) + c(HS－)+ c(H2S) 20．常温下，Ksp（CaSO4）=910－6，常温下CaSO4在水中的沉淀溶解平衡曲线见图。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考生物试题
成都市“六校联考”高2012级第四学期期中试题生物（全卷满分：90分）第Ⅰ卷一、选择题 (每题6分，共42分，每题一个正确答案)1.下列关于细胞知识的叙述，不正确的是（）①硝化细菌、霉菌、颤藻的细胞都含有核糖体、DNA和RNA②细胞学说揭示了“细胞为什么要产生新细胞”③柳树成熟的筛管细胞中的细胞核和线粒体均能发生碱基互补配对现象④草履虫可遗传变异只有基因突变⑤蛙红细胞、人肝细胞、洋葱根尖分生区细胞并不都有细胞周期，但这些细胞内的化学成分都不断更新A．①③④ B．②④⑤ C．②③④ D．②③⑤2. 汉堡包是现代西式快餐中的主要食物,已经成为畅销世界的方便食物之一。
制作的原料有鸡胸肉、面包、鸡蛋、生菜等。
下列说法正确的是( )A.面包中含有的淀粉不能作为植物细胞的储能物质B.生菜中含有的纤维素能够被人类吸收利用C.鸡蛋中含有的蛋白质可直接承担人体的生命活动D.鸡胸肉中含有的糖原是动物细胞的储能物质3.下列有关细菌培养的叙述,正确的是( )A.在琼脂固体培养基上长出的单个菌落含有多种细菌B.在培养基中加入青霉素可抑制真菌而促进细菌生长C.向液体培养基中通入氧气能促进破伤风杆菌的生长D.在以尿素为唯一氮源的培养基中加入酚红指示剂可以初步鉴定细菌能否分解尿素。
4.下列关于果酒和果醋的制作原理、发酵过程的叙述中,错误的是( )A.果酒和果醋的发酵菌种不同,但代谢类型相同B. 当糖源不足时, 醋酸菌先将酒精转变成乙醛, 再将乙醛变为醋酸C.变酸果酒的表面观察到的菌膜可能是醋酸菌的菌落D.果酒和果醋的制作可用同一装置,但需控制不同发酵条件5.关于核酸的叙述,正确的是( )A.只有细胞内的核酸才是携带遗传信息的物质B.DNA分子中两条脱氧核苷酸链之间的碱基一定是通过氢键连接的C.分子大小相同、碱基含量相同的核酸分子所携带的遗传信息一定相同D.大肠杆菌同时含有RNA和DNA,组成其遗传物质的核苷酸有8种6. 关于果胶酶的说法正确的是（）A．果胶酶可以分解细胞壁的主要纤维素B．果胶酶是由半乳糖醛酸聚合而成的一种高分子化合物C．果胶酶不特指某酶，而是分解果胶的一类酶的总称D．果胶酶的化学本质是蛋白质或RNA7.下列有关胡萝卜素的叙述，错误的是 ( )A．胡萝卜素的化学性质稳定，溶于水，不溶于乙醇B．胡萝卜是提取天然β胡萝卜素的原料C．微生物的发酵生产是工业提取β胡萝卜素的方法之一D．提取后，干燥过程中，时间不能太长，温度不能太高第Ⅱ卷二、非选择题（共48分）1、（11分，，除标注外，其余每空1）回答下列有关植物组织培养的问题。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考政治试题.pdf
②具有创造性，能创造出独立于物质之外的精神 ③具有反作用，能对人体生理活动进行调节和控制 ④具有指导性
，能够将人们的愿望变成现实A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④
4．2013年6月20日，中国首次太空授课活动成功举行，“神舟十号”航天员在“天空一号”展示了失重环境下的物
理现象。地面上的单摆运动在太空中竟然成为神奇的圆周运动，这表明①一定条件下人们可以突破客观规律的限制
本卷每小题4分，共48分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．2013年3月14日，欧洲核子研究中心宣布，在大型强子对撞机里发现的新粒子确系希格斯玻色子；4月3日，宣布
探测到多余的正电子；11月21日，冰立方中微子天文台首次发现了源自太阳系外的超高能中微子。这些科学发现共同佐
在结构化学等领域的研究又可更进一步，高中化学课本上的分子结构图旁，终于可以为化学键配上货真价实的“素颜照
”。这表明
①思维和存在具有同一性
②发展是一个事物对另一事物的否定
③认识工具延伸了人类的认识器官 ④实践是获得认识的唯一途径
A．①③ B．①④
C．②③
D．③④
6．建设“丝绸之路经济带’’要实现政策沟通、道路联通、贸易畅通、货币流通、民心相通，使我们欧亚各国经
C．要坚持辩证否定，勇于改革创新
D．要坚持一切从实际出发，实事求是
．小时候，幸福是一件实物；长大后，幸福是一种状态；今天，我发现，幸福既不是实物也不是状态，是一种领悟
。以下与这句话蕴含的哲理相同的是 A．古人学问无遗力，少壮功夫老始成 ．蝉噪林愈静，鸟鸣山更幽
C．人病则忧惧，忧惧见鬼出 D．横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同
五洋捉鳖”的豪言壮语，在今天已变为现实！在今天的中国，前瞻性研究尤为可贵。想获得准确的预测就要①运用发展
123学年第二学期五校联考高二化学试卷和答案
2023—2023 学年度其次学期期末模块考试五校联考高二年级化学科试题2023 年 06 月试卷说明：本试卷分选择题和非选择题两局部，总分值为100 分。
考试时间为 90 分钟。
留意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上；2. 选择题每题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上；3. 非选择题必需用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必需写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上。
第Ⅰ局部 选择题〔共 50 分〕一、单项选择题：〔本大题共 15 小题，每题 2 分，共 30 分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合题目要求，选对的得 2 分，选错或不答的得 0 分〕A. CHC HB. CH C H OC. CH C HD. C H C H410 2242 642 42 26 64、以下关于煤、石油、自然气等资源的说法正确的选项是： 〔〕A.B. 石油分馏得到的汽油是纯洁物C. 自然气是一种清洁的化石燃料D. 石油裂解的主要目的只是为了得到更多的汽油5、以下有机物的命名正确的选项是：〔〕A ．二溴乙烷：B ．3—乙基—1—丁烯：C ．2—甲基—2,4—己二烯：D ．2,4—三甲基戊烷：6、以下物质中，在确定条件下既能发生加成反响又能发生取代反响，但不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色的是：〔〕 A. 乙烷B. 乙烯C. 甲苯D.苯7、以下各组混合物中，可以用分液漏斗分别的是：〔〕A ．溴乙烷和水B ．苯酚和乙醇C ．酒精和水D ．乙醛和苯8、以下反响中属于氧化反响的是： 〔〕A.葡萄糖发生银镜反响B.乙醛制乙醇C.乙醇制乙烯D.乙酸和碳酸钠溶液反响9、鲨鱼是世界上唯一不患癌症的动物，科学争论说明，鲨鱼体内含有一种角鲨烯，具有抗癌性。
角鲨烯分 子中含有 30 个碳原子，其中有 6 个双键且不含环状构造，则其分子式为：〔 〕1．“白色污染”是指：〔〕A ．冶炼厂的白色烟尘B ．石灰窑的白色粉尘C ．聚乙烯等白色塑料垃圾2、以下有机物中，不．属．于．烃的衍生物的是： D ．白色建筑废料〔〕A.氯丁烷B.甲苯C.硝基苯D.氯仿3、以下各对物质中，互为同系物的是：〔〕A.C HB. C HC. C HD. C H30 6030 5630 5230 5010、据环保部门测定，我国一些大城市的酸雨pH＝3.5。
四川省成都树德中学2013-2014学年高二下学期期中考试 化学 Word版含答案.pdf
A．碳铂中有一个手性碳原子 ．碳铂的中心原子铂(II)的配位数为4C．顺铂分子中N原子的杂化方式是sp2 D．1
mol l，1-环丁二羧酸含有键的数目为12 NA
3．愈创木酚作原料合成香草醛的路线如下图所示，下列说法正确的是（ ）
A．检验制得的香草醛中是否混有化合物3，可用氯化铁溶液 B．化合物2在一定条件下可发生加聚反应C．理论上
。(（填实验的序号）
A、B实验中分别加5ml、10mL水的目的是
。
B与D实验 （填“能”或“否”）说明温度对反应速率的影响，原因是 。
II、反应I2+2S2O32—=2I-+S4O62—常用于精盐中碘含量测定。某同学利用该反应探究浓度对反应速率的影响。实
验时均加入1mL淀粉溶液做指示剂，若不经计算，直接通过褪色时间的长短判断浓度与反应速率的关系，下列试剂中应
列叙述中不正确的是（ ）
A．这10 min内氧气的平均反应速率为0.005 mol·L-1·min-1
B．SO3的分解率为20％C．容器里气体的
密度为40g/L
D．硫酸银与三氧化硫的化学反应速率相同
20下列说法不正确的是（ ）
A．催化剂反应活化能单位体积内活化分子百分数增大，从而增大反应速率B．已知冰的熔化热为6.0 kJ/mol，冰中
进行下表中A、B、C、D四次实验：反应温度
Na2S2O3H2SO4H2O℃V(mL)c(mol·L—1)V(mL)c(mol·L—1)V(mL)A1050.1100.15B1050.150.110C3050.150.110D3050.250
.210（1）该实验的化学原理，用离子方程式表示
（2）其中最先变浑浊的是
要成分依次是( )
A．多糖、石墨、蛋白质、无机盐
四川省成都市五校协作体2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
成都市五校协作体高2013级第三学期期中试题英语第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共90分）第一部分听力测试（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Whose birthday is it today?A. Mary's.B. Mike's.C. David's.2. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Customer and assistant.C. Classmates.3. What is the woman going to do?A. Pick up Jack.B. Take her son to school.C. Attend an important meeting.4. What does the man want to do?A. Make friends with the woman.B. Buy a book.C. Send a book to his friend.5. Where does this conversation most likely take place?A. In a supermarket.B. In a restaurant.C. At home.第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中联考化学试题.pdf
说明：⑴ 本试卷分Ⅰ卷（选择题1—题，4分）和Ⅱ卷（非选择题—25题，分），共计100分； ⑵ 填写在答题卷相应题号的位置上，不按要求回答后果自负； ⑶ 可能用到的相对原子质量：C-12 H-1 O-16 Ⅰ卷 选择题(本题包括小题，每小题分，共4分，每小题只有一个正确选项) 1、最近医学界通过放射性14C来标记C60的羧酸衍生物在特定条件下通过断裂DNA来杀死细胞，从而抑制艾滋病（AIDS），有关14C的叙述正确的是 （ ）A、与C60中普通碳原子的化学性质不同?B、与12C互为同位素C、与14N含的中子数相同D、是C60的同素异形体 2、据报道，放射性同位素钬(16667Ho)可有效地治疗肝癌，该同位素原子的核内中子数与核外电子数之差是 （）A、166B、67C、99D、32 3、下列各分子中所有原子都满足最外层为8电子结构的是（ ）A、BeCl2B、BF3C、PCl5D、CCl4 4、下列物质中，既含离子键又含非极性共价键的是 （ ）A、Na2O2B、H2O?C、HClOD、NaOH? 5、下列电子式书写正确的是 A．氮气 B．二氧化碳 C．水 D．氯化铵A：Na、Mg、Al还原性依次减弱B：C、N、O原子半径依次增大 P、S、Cl最高正价依次升高I2、Br2、Cl2氧化性依次增强8、短周期元素X、Y、Z在元素周期表中的位置如右图，关于X、Y、 Z的说法正确的是( )A、相同条件下，三种元素的单质跟氢气反应时，X单质最剧烈B、由氢、氧和Z元素形成的常见化合物中既含有离子键又含有共价键C、ZO2能与Z的最高价氧化物对应的水化物反应生成Z单质Y的气态氢化物稳定性比Z的气态氢化物的稳定性强．已知短周期元素的离子aA2+、bB+、cC3-、dD-都具有相同的电子层结构，则下列叙述中正确的是A、离子半径：C>D>B>AB、原子序数：d>c>b>aC原子半径：A>B>C>DD、单质的还原性：A>B>D>C某周期第二主族元素的原子序数为x，则同周期第三主族元素的原子序数是x+1 B、可能是x+1或x+11或x+25C、可能是x+8D、可能是x+2 12、已知锂和镁在元素周期表中有特殊“对角线”关系，它们的性质非常相似。
2013-2014高二级期中考化学参考答案与评分标准
高二化学选修41 成都实验学校13/14学年度第一学期期中考试高二化学试题参考答案与评份标准选择题 7-12DBC BBC 2 2 BD 23 AC30 （每空3分,共15分）（1）.AlO 2-＋2H 2O 3＋OH - （2）.Fe 3＋＋3H 2O 3＋3H + （3）.CH 4（g ）＋2O 2（g ） ＝ CO 2（g ）＋2H 2O （l ）△H ＝－8aKJ/mol(4). 5H 2C 2O 4＋2KMnO 4＋3H 2SO 4＝2MnSO 4＋K 2SO 4＋10CO 2↑＋8H 2O（5）2Al ＋2OH -＋2H 2O ＝2AlO 2-＋3H 2↑31.（16分）（1）A （2分） （2）①< （2分）② （3分）（每条线各1分,标注1分,拐点先后不明显扣1分）（3）AE （2分）(4) 设NO 的平衡浓度为xN 2(g) ＋ O 2(g)2NO(g) c 0/ mol·L －1: 2.6 2.6 0△c/ mol·L－1 x/2 x/2 x c 平/ mol·L －1 2.6－x/2 2.6－x/2 x （1分）（5）N 2H 4（g ）＋NO 2（g ）＝3/2 N 2（g ）＋2H 2O （g ） △H ＝－567.85kJ/mol （2分）或者2N 2H 4（g ）＋2NO 2（g ）＝3 N 2（g ）＋4H 2O （g ） △H ＝－1135.7kJ/mol （其它合理答案也得分） 32（15分）（1）①、b>a ＝c （2分） ②、c>a ＝b （2分）（2）①10 －13; （2分） pH ＝＝3（2分）。
②弱酸；（1分）HA 与NaOH 完全反应生成NaA,此时溶液pH ＝9,显碱性,NaA 为强碱弱酸盐,故HA 为弱酸。
（2分）③ ＞；c (A －)＝c (Na ＋) （各2分,共4分）33（18分）（1）酸式滴定管（2分）（2）0.80（1分）；22.80（1分）（3）0.1100mol/L （3分） （4）Ⅰ、锥形瓶内溶液的颜色变化。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题（全卷满分：150分完成时间：120分钟）第I卷（选择题共90分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，共40分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）1. -- I heard that you lost your wallet and your i-Phone．--- Oh，__________ !A．never mind B．that’s all right C．just my luck D．thank you2. I was blessed with a happy childhood, _____ most people would want to have.A. thatB. itC. the oneD. one3. At long last the child was found on top of _____ we call the museum of science and technology.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where4. Although her disease her eyesight and forced her to leave the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity.A. has affectedB. affectedC. affectsD. had affected5. ----He thinks that girls are smarter than boys when it comes to learning English.----But two years ago he thought_______.A. soB. otherwiseC. oppositeD. different6. Will was stupefied with exhaustion, and he _____ his head on the grass under one of the trees and slept, but he saw a cat acting strangely.A. should have liedB. ought to have layC. might have laidD. must have laid7. The new policy allows a couple to have a second birth _____either is an only child.A. thoughB. ifC. unlessD. until8. With our country entering an aging society, ______ the retirement age is probably unavoidable.A. having delayedB. delayingC. being delayedD. to be delayed9. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ___ many others are short of.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what10. “I hope the dialogue,” said the spokesman, “______ between the two presidents next week will give us some active signals.A. makingB. to makeC. to be madeD. made第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）Music to My EarsRobby was 10 for his first piano lesson in my class. Much as he tried, he __11__ even the basic rhythm. However, he dutifully reviewed the pieces that I required.Over the months he tried and tried while I __12__ and encouraged him. At the end of each lesson he'd always say, "My mom's going to hear me play some day." __13__ it seemed hopeless.I only knew his mother from a __14__as she waited in her aged car to pick him up. Then one day Robby stopped coming. I was secretly __15__ that he stopped because of his lack of ability.Weeks later I informed the students, including Robby, of the coming recital（独奏）. To my __16__, Robby asked me if he could be included. I told him he really did not qualify because he had __17__ out. He said his mom had been sick and unable to take him to lessons but he was still __18__ .“I've just got to play!" he __19__. Somet hing inside me let me allow him to.Then came the recital night. The gym was __20__ with parents. I put Robby up __21__, thinking that I could save his poor performance through my “curtain closer（谢幕）.”The recital went off smoothly. Then Robby came up on stage. His clothes were wrinkled andhis hair was __22__. "Why didn't his mother at least make him comb his hair for this special night?" I thought.Robby pulled out the piano bench and began. I was not __23__ for what I heard next. His fingers were __24__ on the keys. Never had I heard Mozart played so well by people of his age. After he ended, everyone was __25__ their feet in wild applause.In __26__ I ran up on stage and put my arms around Robby. "I've never heard you play like that, Robby! How did you __27__ it?"Robby explained, "Well, Miss Hondorf…remember I told you my mom was sick? …__28__ she had cancer and passed away yesterday. She was born deaf, so tonight she could hear me play in heaven. I wanted to make it special."There wasn’t a __29__ e ye in the house. That night I felt he was the teacher and I was the pupil, for it was he who taught me the meaning of perseverance and __30__.11. A. had B. lacked C. showed D. got12. A. learned B. checked C. listened D. played13. A. And B. But C. So D. Or14. A. conversation B. performance C. distance D. picture15. A. guilty B. anxious C. glad D. sad16. A. surprise B. relief C. pleasure D. satisfaction17. A. stepped B. worn C. run D. dropped18. A. acting B. practicing C. performing D. recording19. A. insisted B. suggested C. complained D. threatened20. A. packed B. lined C. piled D. covered21. A. least B. most C. first D. last22. A. cool B. messy C. neat D. dull23. A. eager B. concerned C. prepared D. grateful24. A. hesitating B. crawling C. touching D. dancing25. A. over B. under C. in D. on26. A. chaos B. return C. silence D. tears27. A. find B. feel C. make D. like28. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Frequently D. Actually29. A. bright B. curious C. dry D. wet30. A. love B. talent C. regret D. courage第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，共40分）ADreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.In the study,99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a compute, trying to get through a virtual maze（迷宫）.The maze was different place each time they tired—making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and an half were told to take a short nap .Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after sleep—and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.Stickgold, a neuroscientist（神经科学家）,wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren＇t moving during sleep.Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamedabout the music that had been playing when they were working ; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn‘t help a person learn—it＇s the other way around.He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn＇t take a nap, didn＇t show the same improvement.31. Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to .A. stay in a different place in the mazeB. design a virtual maze which is difficult to get throughC. experience the experiment and try to remember somethingD. get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place32. What can we learn from the text?A. Participants who took a nap were required to express their thoughts.B. Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.C. Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.D. Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could findthe tree faster.33. According to Stickgold, .A. every person may dream about what they learnedB. people＇s brain processes may still be connected with their learningin their dreamsC. once people＇s eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about somethingD. no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people＇s life34.What is the best title for this text?A. Dreams Are StrangeB. Not All Dreams Are TrueC. Dreaming Makes PerfectD. Stickgold, a Dream ExpertBFarmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland. That is almost half the farmland in the world. Earlier estimates were much lower but incomplete. The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent worldwide.The study found the most tree cover in South America. Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. North Africa and West Asia have the least.The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. Nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live together. There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.Dennis Garrity, who heads the World Agroforestry Center, says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees. The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but trees provide nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. Even under drought(干旱)conditions, trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.Some trees act as natural fertilizers. They take nitrogen(氮气)out of the air and put it in the soil. Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can re-duce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths. Trees also capture carbon dioxide, a gas linked to climate change.35. Through the study, the researchers found that .A. there are more trees on farmlands than expectedB. fewer trees are being cut in developing countriesC. most farmers still don’t realize the value of treesD. trees play a key role in preventing climate change36. Which of the following has the least tree cover?A. Southeast AsiaB. West Asia.C. South America.D. Africa south of the Sahara.37. In Dennis Garrity’s opinion, .A. most farmers care about nothing but their own interestsB. there are usually few people living in areas with few treesC. government plays a small role in tree planting and protectionD. government should support farmers in planting and protecting trees38. The sixth paragraph mainly tells about .A. how farmers plant treesB. what products trees can bringC. the importance of trees to farmersD. the environmental value of tree coverCNuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word radiation.Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense rad ioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no levels of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately, your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated（辐射）and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.39. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to detect nuclear radiation.B. How radiation kill a man.C. The mystery about nuclear radiation.D. Serious damage caused by nuclear radiation.40. Which of the following statements is true?A. Nuclear radiation can cause cancer to human beings.B. Nuclear radiation can be safe to human beings if its level is low.C. Nuclear radiation can be detected by human senses.D. Nuclear radiation is just like common radio waves.41. What is not the reason why nuclear radiation has a certain mystery?A. The hurt cells can stay in the body many years and then grow into cancer.B. It can do harm to a person while the victim isn't aware the damagehas occurred.C. Nuclear radiation can kill a person very easily.D. Radiation can seldom kill a person immediately.42. If a human being is hit by nuclear radiation, he may _______.A. die of cancer after many yearsB. die immediatelyC. have a child who may be born weakD. all of the aboveDFrom good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.43. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?A. No one has come to disturb you.B. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.C. Everything is so quiet and calm around you.D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.44. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?A. They resemble human friends exactly.B. They are unfamiliar types we like.C. They never desert us.D. They never hurt our feelings.45. Which of the following is true?A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books.B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading.C. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.D. Books can always help you to live a colorful life.46. The word “weary” means ______.A. “to attract someone’s attention”B. “to distract someone’s attention”C. “to make someone interested”D. “to make someone very tired”EHave you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas;1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.2) How do you handle change?Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.3) Do you enjoy working with computers？I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.4) What type of work environment do you enjoy？This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.5) How do you like to get paid?Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Isolating jobs usually drive people mad.B. Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.C. Interactive jobs make people shy easily.D. Extreme people tend to work with others.48. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph one mean?A. Before you select your job, you should assess your skills and match them withyour positionB . You should ignore your skills when you select job.C. Nothing is important than assessing skills and match them with the positionwhen you select job.D. There are more important things than assessing skills and match them with theposition when you select job.49. What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?A. Design.B. Changes.C. Cooperation.D. Hobbies.A. Lifestyles and Job PayB. Jobs and EnvironmentC. Personalities and JobsD. Job Skills and Abilities第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考数学(文)试题
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考数学（文）试题)（全卷满分：150分完成时间：120分钟）一选择题（本题共10个小题，每小题5分）1．“”是“方程表示焦点在y轴上的椭圆”的（）。
(A)充分而不必要条件(B)必要而不充分条件(C)充要条件 (D) 既不充分也不必要条件2．双曲线的实轴长是 ( ) 。
（A）2 (B) (C) 4 (D) 43.已知命题：，则（）。
A. B.C. D.4．下列命题中的假命题是( )。
A．∀x∈R,2x－1>0 B．∀x∈N*，(x－1)2>0C．∃x∈R，lg x<1 D．∃x∈R，tan x＝25.设曲线在点处的切线斜率为，则点的坐标为（）。
A、B、C、D、6．下列说法中正确的是( )。
A．一个命题的逆命题为真，则它的逆否命题一定为真B．“a＞b”与“a＋c＞b＋c”不等价C．“a2＋b2＝0，则a，b全为0”的逆否命题是“若a，b全不为0，则a2＋b2≠0”D．一个命题的否命题为真，则它的逆命题一定为真7. 抛物线y=4x2的准线方程是（）。
（A）x=－1 （B）y=－1 （C）x=－（D）y=－8. 离心率e=是双曲线的两条渐近线互相垂直的（）。
（A）充分条件（B）必要条件（C）充要条件（D）不充分不必要条件9. 抛物线y2=－8x中，以(－1, 1)为中点的弦所在的直线方程是（）。
（A）x－4y－3=0 （B）x＋4y＋3=0 （C）4x＋y－3=0 （D）4x＋y＋3=010. 设A(－2, )，椭圆3x2＋4y2=48的右焦点是F，点P在椭圆上移动，当|AP|＋2|PF| 取最小值时P点的坐标是（）。
（A）(0, 2) （B）(0, －2) （C）(2, ) （D）(－2, )二.填空题（本题共5个小题，每小题5分）11.若，则的值为;12. 已知F1，F2是椭圆的两焦点，过点F2的直线交椭圆于A，B两点，在中，若有两边之和是10，则第三边的长度为 _____13.设双曲线的渐近线方程为，则的值为__ ____14．若双曲线的离心率是2，则的最小值为_ __ 15.下列四个命题中，真命题的序号有__ __ __（写出所有真命题的序号）.①将函数y=的图象按向量v=(－1,0)平移，得到的图象的函数表达式为y=②圆x2+y2+4x+2y+1=0与直线y=相交，所得弦长为2③若sin(+)= ,sin(－)=,则tan cot=5④如图，已知正方体ABCD- A1B1C1D1，P为底面ABCD内一动点，P到平面AA1D1D的距离与到直线CC1的距离相等，则P点的轨迹是抛物线的一部分.三.简答题（本题共6个小题，共75分）16．（本题12分）双曲线与椭圆有相同焦点，且经过点，求双曲线方程。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考物理试卷(带解析)
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考物理试卷（带解析）1．下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．穿过线圈的磁通量为零时，感应电动势一定为零B ．日光灯发出柔和的白光是涂在壁上的荧光粉在紫光照射下发出的可见光C ．一阻碍个线圈的电流均匀增大，这个线圈的自感系数、自感电动势都不变D ．容抗的大小跟电容有关，电容越大，容抗越大 【答案】 C 【解析】试题分析: 穿过线圈的磁通量为零时，穿过线圈的磁通量变化率可能不为零时，所以感应电动势不一定为零的，故A 错误；日光灯发出柔和的白光是涂在壁上的荧光粉在紫外线（不是紫光）照射下发出的可见光，故B 错误；影响自感系数的因素：线圈的粗细、长短与形状及有无铁蕊，故一阻碍个线圈的电流均匀增大，自感系数不变，但磁通量均匀增大，自感电动势也不变，故C 正确；电容对交流电的阻碍作用的大小不但跟电容本身有关，还跟交流电的频率有关，故D 错误。
考点： 自感现象；法拉第电磁感应定律；电容对交流电的阻碍2．一个100匝矩形导线圈产生的正弦交流电的电压随时间变化的规律如图所示．由图可知（ ）A ．该交流电的电压瞬时值的表达式为u ＝100sin （25t ） VB ．当t =10-2s 时，磁通量最大C ．当t =10-2s 时，线圈转动过程中磁通量变化率为100wb/sD ．若将该交流电压加在阻值为R ＝100Ω的电阻两端，则电阻消耗的功率是50 W 【答案】 D 【解析】试题分析:由图可知该交流电的电压瞬时值的表达式为u ＝100sin （50πt ） V ，故A 错误；由图可知，当t =10-2s 时，电压有最大值，磁通量是0，故B 错误；因为是100匝矩形导线圈，当t =10-2s 时，线圈转动过程中磁通量变化率为1wb/s ，故C 错误；该交流电的电压有效值U=250V ，该交流电压加在阻值为R ＝100Ω的电阻两端，则电阻消耗的功率W RU P 502==，故D 正确考点：交变电流的产生及描述3．如图所示电路中,当电键S 断开瞬间（）.A．流经R2的电流方向向右,流经L的电流方向向左B．流经R2的电流方向向左,流经L的电流方向向右C．流经R2和L的电流方向都向右D．流经R2和L的电流方向都向左【答案】 A【解析】试题分析: 当电键S断开前，流经L的电流方向向左，当断开电键的瞬间，通过线圈的电流将要减小，线圈会产生自感电动势，相当于电源， R2和线圈组成一个闭合电路，流经L的电流方向不变，继续向左，流经R2的电流方向向右，故A正确，B、C、D错误考点：自感现象4．劲度系数为20 N/cm的弹簧振子，小球的质量0.5kg，它的振动图像如图所示，在图中A 点对应的时刻（）A．振子的加速度为10m/s2，方向指向x轴的负方向B．振子的速度方向指向x轴的负方向C．小球的振幅0.25cmD．在0～4s内振子通过的路程为0.35 cm，位移为0【答案】 A【解析】试题分析: 由图可知A在横轴上方，位移x=0.25cm，所以弹力F=-kx=-5N，即弹力大小为5N，方向指向x轴负方向，由牛顿第二定律得，加速度a=10m/s2，方向指向x轴的负方向，故A正确；图可知过A点作图线的切线，该切线与x轴的正方向的夹角小于90°，切线斜率为正值，即振子的速度方向指向x轴的正方向，故B错误；由图可知，小球的振幅0. 5cm，故C错误；由于t=0时刻和t=4s时刻振子都在最大位移处，又由于振幅为0.5cm，在0～4s 内振子完成了2次全振动，所以在这段时间内振子通过的路程为2×4×0.50cm=4cm，故D 错误．考点：振动图象5．如图所示,理想变压器副线圈通过输电线接两个相同的灯泡L1和L2.输电线的等效电阻为R.开始时,电键S断开,当S闭合时,下列说法中正确的是（）A.副线圈两端的输出电压减小B.通过灯泡L1的电流减小C.原线圈中的电流减小D.变压器的输入功率不变 【答案】 B 【解析】试题分析:理想变压器的输出电压是由输入电压和匝数比决定的，由于输入电压和匝数比不变，所以副线圈的输出的电压也不变，所以A 错误；当S 接通后，两个灯泡并联，电路的电阻减小，副线圈的电流变大，所以通过电阻R 的电流变大，原线圈的电流也变大，R 分担电压变大，那么并联部分的电压减小，所以通过灯泡L 1的电流减小灯泡L 1变暗，所以B 正确，C 错误；由于电压不变，电流增大所以输入功率等于输出功率都增大，所以D 错误。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高二下学期期中联考 英语 Word版含答案
成都市“五校联考”高2012级第四学期期中试题英语（全卷满分：150分完成时间：120分钟）第I卷（选择题共90分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，共40分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）1. -- I heard that you lost your wallet and your i-Phone．--- Oh，__________ !A．never mind B．that’s all right C．just my luck D．thank you2. I was blessed with a happy childhood, _____ most people would want to have.A. thatB. itC. the oneD. one3. At long last the child was found on top of _____ we call the museum of science and technology.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where4. Although her disease her eyesight and forced her to leave the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity.A. has affectedB. affectedC. affectsD. had affected5. ----He thinks that girls are smarter than boys when it comes to learning English.----But two years ago he thought_______.A. soB. otherwiseC. oppositeD. different6. Will was stupefied with exhaustion, and he _____ his head on the grass under one of the trees and slept, but he saw a cat acting strangely.A. should have liedB. ought to have layC. might have laidD. must have laid7. The new policy allows a couple to have a second birth _____either is an only child.A. thoughB. ifC. unlessD. until8. With our country entering an aging society, ______ the retirement age is probably unavoidable.A. having delayedB. delayingC. being delayedD. to be delayed9. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ___ many others are short of.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what10. “I hope the dialogue,” said the spokesman, “______ between the two presidents next week will give us some active signals.A. makingB. to makeC. to be madeD. made第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）Music to My EarsRobby was 10 for his first piano lesson in my class. Much as he tried, he __11__ even the basic rhythm. However, he dutifully reviewed the pieces that I required.Over the months he tried and tried while I __12__ and encouraged him. At the end of each lesson he'd always say, "My mom's going to hear me play some day." __13__ it seemed hopeless.I only knew his mother from a __14__as she waited in her aged car to pick him up. Then one day Robby stopped coming. I was secretly __15__ that he stopped because of his lack of ability.Weeks later I informed the students, including Robby, of the coming recital（独奏）. To my __16__, Robby asked me if he could be included. I told him he really did not qualify because he had __17__ out. He said his mom had been sick and unable to take him to lessons but he was still __18__ .“I've just got to play!" he __19__. Somet hing inside me let me allow him to.Then came the recital night. The gym was __20__ with parents. I put Robby up __21__, thinking that I could save his poor performance through my “curtain closer（谢幕）.”The recital went off smoothly. Then Robby came up on stage. His clothes were wrinkled and his hair was __22__. "Why didn't his mother at least make him comb his hair for this special night?"I thought.Robby pulled out the piano bench and began. I was not __23__ for what I heard next. His fingers were __24__ on the keys. Never had I heard Mozart played so well by people of his age. After he ended, everyone was __25__ their feet in wild applause.In __26__ I ran up on stage and put my arms around Robby. "I've never heard you play like that, Robby! How did you __27__ it?"Robby explained, "Well, Miss Hondorf…remember I told you my mom was sick? …__28__ she had cancer and passed away yesterday. She was born deaf, so tonight she could hear me play in heaven. I wanted to make it special."There wasn’t a __29__ e ye in the house. That night I felt he was the teacher and I was the pupil, for it was he who taught me the meaning of perseverance and __30__.11. A. had B. lacked C. showed D. got12. A. learned B. checked C. listened D. played13. A. And B. But C. So D. Or14. A. conversation B. performance C. distance D. picture15. A. guilty B. anxious C. glad D. sad16. A. surprise B. relief C. pleasure D. satisfaction17. A. stepped B. worn C. run D. dropped18. A. acting B. practicing C. performing D. recording19. A. insisted B. suggested C. complained D. threatened20. A. packed B. lined C. piled D. covered21. A. least B. most C. first D. last22. A. cool B. messy C. neat D. dull23. A. eager B. concerned C. prepared D. grateful24. A. hesitating B. crawling C. touching D. dancing25. A. over B. under C. in D. on26. A. chaos B. return C. silence D. tears27. A. find B. feel C. make D. like28. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Frequently D. Actually29. A. bright B. curious C. dry D. wet30. A. love B. talent C. regret D. courage第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，共40分）ADreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.In the study,99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a compute, trying to get through a virtual maze（迷宫）.The maze was different place each time they tired—making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and an half were told to take a short nap .Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after sleep—and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.Stickgold, a neuroscientist（神经科学家）,wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren＇t moving during sleep.Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working ; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn‘t help a person learn—it＇s the other way around.He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn＇t take a nap, didn＇t show the same improvement.31. Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to .A. stay in a different place in the mazeB. design a virtual maze which is difficult to get throughC. experience the experiment and try to remember somethingD. get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place32. What can we learn from the text?A. Participants who took a nap were required to express their thoughts.B. Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.C. Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.D. Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could findthe tree faster.33. According to Stickgold, .A. every person may dream about what they learnedB. people＇s brain processes may still be connected with their learningin their dreamsC. once people＇s eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about somethingD. no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people＇s life34.What is the best title for this text?A. Dreams Are StrangeB. Not All Dreams Are TrueC. Dreaming Makes PerfectD. Stickgold, a Dream ExpertBFarmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland. That is almost half the farmland in the world. Earlier estimates were much lower but incomplete. The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent worldwide.The study found the most tree cover in South America. Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. North Africa and West Asia have the least.The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. Nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live together. There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.Dennis Garrity, who heads the World Agroforestry Center, says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees. The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but trees provide nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. Even under drought(干旱)conditions, trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.Some trees act as natural fertilizers. They take nitrogen(氮气)out of the air and put it in the soil. Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can re-duce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths. Trees also capture carbon dioxide, a gas linked to climate change.35. Through the study, the researchers found that .A. there are more trees on farmlands than expectedB. fewer trees are being cut in developing countriesC. most farmers still don’t realize the value of treesD. trees play a key role in preventing climate change36. Which of the following has the least tree cover?A. Southeast AsiaB. West Asia.C. South America.D. Africa south of the Sahara.37. In Dennis Garrity’s opinion, .A. most farmers care about nothing but their own interestsB. there are usually few people living in areas with few treesC. government plays a small role in tree planting and protectionD. government should support farmers in planting and protecting trees38. The sixth paragraph mainly tells about .A. how farmers plant treesB. what products trees can bringC. the importance of trees to farmersD. the environmental value of tree coverCNuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense ra dioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no levels of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately, your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated （辐射）and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.39. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to detect nuclear radiation.B. How radiation kill a man.C. The mystery about nuclear radiation.D. Serious damage caused by nuclear radiation.40. Which of the following statements is true?A. Nuclear radiation can cause cancer to human beings.B. Nuclear radiation can be safe to human beings if its level is low.C. Nuclear radiation can be detected by human senses.D. Nuclear radiation is just like common radio waves.41. What is not the reason why nuclear radiation has a certain mystery?A. The hurt cells can stay in the body many years and then grow into cancer.B. It can do harm to a person while the victim isn't aware the damagehas occurred.C. Nuclear radiation can kill a person very easily.D. Radiation can seldom kill a person immediately.42. If a human being is hit by nuclear radiation, he may _______.A. die of cancer after many yearsB. die immediatelyC. have a child who may be born weakD. all of the aboveDFrom good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.43. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?A. No one has come to disturb you.B. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.C. Everything is so quiet and calm around you.D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.44. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?A. They resemble human friends exactly.B. They are unfamiliar types we like.C. They never desert us.D. They never hurt our feelings.45. Which of the following is true?A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books.B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading.C. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.D. Books can always help you to live a colorful life.46. The word “weary” means ______.A. “to attract someone’s attention”B. “to distract someone’s attention”C. “to make someone interested”D. “to make someone very tired”EHave you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas;1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.2) How do you handle change?Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.3) Do you enjoy working with computers？I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.4) What type of work environment do you enjoy？This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.5) How do you like to get paid?Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Isolating jobs usually drive people mad.B. Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.C. Interactive jobs make people shy easily.D. Extreme people tend to work with others.48. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph one mean?A. Before you select your job, you should assess your skills and match them withyour positionB . You should ignore your skills when you select job.C. Nothing is important than assessing skills and match them with the positionwhen you select job.D. There are more important things than assessing skills and match them with theposition when you select job.49. What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?50. What is the best title for this passage?A. Lifestyles and Job PayB. Jobs and EnvironmentC. Personalities and JobsD. Job Skills and Abilities第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【化学】四川省成都市五校协作体2014-2015学年高二上学期期中联考
四川省成都市五校协作体2014-2015学年上学期期中联考高二化学试卷一、选择题（本大题共个30小题，每小题2分，共60分）的电子式：硫离子的结构示意图为正确的电子式为：，氯化铵正确的电子式为：，故，其离子结构示意图为：5．（2分）在核电荷数为26的元素Fe的原子核外的3d、4s轨道内，下列电子排布图正确B，m+n+m﹣n﹣=0.05mol14．（2分）现有四种基态原子的电子排布式：①1s22s22p63s23p4，②1s22s22p63s23p3，22322518．（2分）若AB n型分子的中心原子A上没有未用于形成共价键的孤对电子，运用价层电﹣酸为共价化合物，其电子式为23．（2分）某学生做完实验后，采用以下方法分别清洗仪器，其中应用“相似相溶”规律的25．（2分）下列有机物分子中属于手性分子的是（）①乳酸[CH CH（OH）COOH]②2丁醇③④丙三醇．27．（2分）（2008•海南）已知X、Y、Z三种元素组成的化合物是离子晶体，其晶胞如图所示，则下面表示该化合物的化学式正确的（）28．（2分）不具有放射性的同位素称之为稳定同位素，稳定同位素分析法近20年来在植物生理学、生态学和环境科学研究中获得广泛应用，如在陆地生态系统研究中，2H、13C、15N、183429．（2分）（2013•和平区模拟）短周期元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，其中W 的阴离子的核外电子数与X、Y、Z原子的核外内层电子数相同．X的一种核素在考古时常用来鉴定一些文物的年代，工业上采用液态空气分馏方法来生产Y的单质，而Z不能形成30．（2分）（2012•四川）已知W、X、Y、Z为短周期元素，W、Z同主族，X、Y、Z同周期，W的气态氢化物的稳定性大于Z的气态氢化物的稳定性，X、Y为金属元素，X的阳离二、非选择题（共40分）31．（6分）通常情况下，微粒A和B为分子，C和E为阳离子，D为阴离子，它们都含有10个电子；B溶于A后所得的物质可电离出C和D；A、B、E三种微粒反应后可得C和一种白色沉淀．请回答：（1）用化学符号表示下列4种微粒：A：H2O；B：NH3；C：NH4+；D：OH﹣．（2）写出A、B、E三种微粒反应的离子方程式：Al3++3NH3+3H2O═Al（OH）3↓+3NH4+或Mg2++2NH3+2H2O═Mg（OH）2↓+2NH4+．32．（8分）A、B、C、D、E、G（G的某种单质可以吸收紫外线）为前三周期的元素．其中，A元素和B元素的原子都有一个未成对电子，A3+比B﹣少一个电子层，B原子得一个电子后3P轨道全充满；C原子的p轨道中有3个未成对电子，其气态氢化物在水中的溶解性在同族元素所形成的氢化物中最大；D的最高化合价与最低化合价代数和为4，其最高价氧化物对应的水化物可以用于制取炸药和制作铅蓄电池；E元素的基态原子核外有六种运动状态的电子．请回答下列问题：（1）CB3分子中心原子的杂化类型是sp3，空间构型为三角锥形，CG3﹣的空间构型为平面三角形．（2）B、D元素最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性强弱：HClO4＞H2SO4（填化学式）．原因是Cl的非金属性比S强．（3）分子R是由G元素与氢元素形成的18电子分子，R的电子式为．（4）C、E、G的第一电离能由大到小的顺序为N＞O＞C．（5）已知EC﹣的结构与C2相似，1molEC﹣中的π键数目为2N A．，故答案为：33．（13分）X、Y、Z、D、P、Q、E、G八种短周期元素的原子序数依次递增．X、Y、D 元素原子中电子层数与未成对电子数均相等；D、E属于同族元素，G的单质的水溶液和ED2均有漂白性．P与X同主族，Q是生活中常见的金属．请回答下列问题（用对应的元素符号表示）：（1）如图为氯化钠的晶胞结构图，钠离子的配位数为6个，与钠离子距离最近且相等的钠离子个数为12个．（2）ZX3在水中的溶解度极大，其原因是NH3和H2O均为极性分子、NH3和H2O 分子间存在氢键、NH3和H2O可以反应．（3）Q的最高价氧化物的水化物与P、E的最高价氧化物的水化物反应的离子方程式：Al （OH）3+3H+=Al3++3 H2O、Al（OH）3+OH﹣=AlO2﹣+2H2O．Be与Q元素性质有相似性，写出Be（OH）2与NaOH反应的化学方程式为Be（OH）2+2NaOH=Na2BeO2+2H2O．（4）同时含有X、P、D、E的两种物质相互反应的离子方程式为HSO3+H=SO2↑+H2O．34．（13分）胆矾晶体是配制波尔多液的主要原料，波尔多液是一种保护性杀菌剂，广泛应用于树木、果树和花卉上．（1）写出铜原子价电子层的电子排布式3d104s1，与铜同一周期的副族元素原子中最外层电子数与铜原子的相同的元素有Cr（填元素符号）．（2）向盛有CuSO4溶液的试管里逐滴加入氨水至过量，现象是先产生蓝色沉淀，继续滴加氨水，沉淀溶解，形成深蓝色溶液，相关的离子方程式为：Cu2++2 NH3•H2O=Cu（OH）2↓+2NH4+、Cu（OH）2+4 NH3=[Cu（NH3）4]2++2OH﹣．（3）实验时形成的深蓝色溶液中的阳离子内存在的全部化学键类型有共价键、配位键．（4）向该深蓝色溶液中加入乙醇后可观察到的现象是析出深蓝色晶体，析出的晶体化学式为Cu（NH3）4SO4•H2O，实验中所加乙醇的作用是降低溶解度，有利于晶体析出．21。
四川省成都市五校协作体2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试化学试卷 Word版含答案.pdf
成都市五校协作体高二第一学期期中试题 化 学 （全卷满分：100分 完成时间100分钟） 相对原子质量：H-1 Cu-64 C-12 O-16 一、选择题（本大题共个30小题，每小题2分，共60分） 1．以下能级符号正确的是（ ） A．6s B．2d C．3f D．1p 2．下列化学用语表示正确的是（ ） A．HCl的电子式： B．NH4Cl的电子式 C．CCl4的电子式 D．硫离子的结构示意图为 3．下列说法正确的是（ ） A．3P2表示3P能级有两个轨道 B．同一原子中1S、2S、3S电子的能量逐渐降低 C．氢原子电子云的一个小黑点表示一个电子 D．处于最低能量的原子叫基态原子 4．下列说法中，不符合VⅡA族元素性质特征的是（ ） A．易形成一价离子 B．从上到下单质的氧化性逐渐减弱 C．从上到下氢化物的沸点逐渐升高 D．从上到下氢化物的稳定逐渐减弱 5．在核电荷数为26的元素Fe的原子核外的3d、4s轨道内，下列电子排布图正确的是（ ） 6．下列物质中的化学键类型与H2O相同的是（ ） A．C2H6 B．HCl C．NH4Cl D．Na2O2 7．下列各物质的晶体中，晶体类型相同的是（ ） A．CCl4与H2O B．SiO2和CO2 C．NaCl与金刚石 D．MgCl2与Na 8．下列叙述正确的是（ ） A．原子晶体中只含有共价键 B．离子晶体中只含有离子键，不含有共价键 C．分子晶体中只存在分子间作用力，不含有其他化学键 D．任何晶体中，若含有阳离子也一定含有阴离子 9．下列晶体熔点高低顺序正确的是（ ） A．NaCl >KCl >SiO2 >I2 B．HI >HBr >HCl >HF C．金刚石 >SiC >晶体硅 D．Cs >Rb >K >Na 10．下列说法正确的是（ ） A．SO2 与CO2的分子立体构型均为直线形 B．H2O和NH3 中的中心原子杂化方式相同 C．SiO2的键长大于CO2的键长，所以SiO2的熔点比CO2高 D．凡是具有规则外形的固体都是晶体 11．aXm+、bYn+、cZm-、dQn-(m>n)的电子层结构相同，下列说法正确的是（ ） A．原子半径的大小顺序为：X>Y>Z>Q B．离子半径的大小顺序为：Xm+> Yn+> Zm-> Qn- C．m+a=d-n D．b-n=c+m 12．若NA表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是（ ） A．标准状况下；22.4LH2O中共价键数目为2NA B．12g金刚石的键数目为4 NA C．16g O2与O3的混合气体中氧原子数目为NA D．标准状况下1.12L乙炔中键数目为0.05 NA 13．下列说法正确的是（ ） A．所有金属元素都分布在d区和ds区 B．元素周期表ⅢB到ⅡB族10个纵行的元素都是金属元素 C．最外层电子数为2的元素都分布在S区 D．S区均为金属元素 14．现有四种元素的基态原子的电子排布式如下： ①1s22s22p63s23p4 ②1s22s22p63s23p3 ③1s22s22p3 ④1s22s22p5 则下列有关比较中正确的是（ ） A．第一电离能：④>③>②>① B．原子半径：④>③>②>① C．电负性：④>③>②>① D．最高正化合价：④>③=②>① 15．下列关于共价键的说法正确的是（ ） A．两个原子形成共价键时至少有1个键 B．MgCl2分子中存在3个共价键 C．N2分子中有2个键，1个键 D．键的强度大，含有该键的物质比较活泼 16．下列说法正确的是（ ） A．分子中键能越大，键长越长，则分子越稳定 B．水分子可表示为H-O-H，分子中键角为180。
四川省成都市五校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中联考 生物 Word版含答案
成都市“五校联考”高2013级第二学期期中试题生物（全卷满分：100分完成时间：90分钟）一、选择题（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，本题包括45小题，1-30每小题1分，31-45每小题两分，共60分。
）1．下列关于细胞分化的说法错误的是（）A．细胞分化发生在生物体的整个生命进程中B．细胞分化是生物界的一种普遍存在的生命现象C．细胞分化仅发生在胚胎时期D．细胞分化是细胞在形态、结构和功能上发生稳定性差异的过程2.下列有关细胞衰老和凋亡的说法中正确的是( )A.健康的成人体内,每天都有一定量的细胞凋亡B.细胞凋亡受环境影响大,机体难以控制C.老年人头发变白和白化病都是由酪氨酸酶活性降低引起的D.胚胎发育期生物体的细胞衰老总与机体衰老同步进行3.下列有关细胞凋亡和癌变的相关叙述,正确的是 ( )A.细胞凋亡过程中某些基因的表达可能会增强B.原癌基因突变促使细胞癌变,抑癌基因突变抑制细胞癌变C.动物在正常的生活环境中,体细胞不会发生凋亡D.凋亡细胞、癌细胞等细胞中基因组成都相同4.下列细胞中，可能已发生癌变的是( )A．细胞膜上糖蛋白减少的细胞B．细胞核增大的细胞C．自由水含量减少的细胞D．被细菌侵染的细胞5.下列有关“观察根尖分生组织细胞的有丝分裂”实验过程的叙述中,正确的一组是( )①解离的目的是用药液使组织细胞相互分离②漂洗的目的是洗去根尖上的解离液③压片的目的是使根尖细胞分散开来④应选取长方形的细胞进行观察⑤可以持续观察一个细胞,认识有丝分裂的完整过程A.①②③B.③④⑤C.①④⑤D.②③④6.某同学在光学显微镜下观察洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂并绘制出下图。
据此推测高尔基体的活动明显增强的时期是( )7.成人体内细胞约有230多种,其中胰岛B细胞合成胰岛素,甲状腺细胞合成甲状腺激素,正常情况下,分化的细胞还具有一定的寿命。
例如,红细胞分化成熟后的寿命约是120 d,白细胞的寿命约是5～7 d,下列说法不正确的是( )A.现代分子生物学的证据表明,细胞分化是基因选择性表达的结果B.在个体发育过程中,有序的细胞分化能够增加细胞的类型C.由不同类型的细胞构成生物体的组织和器官,执行不同的功能D.自然选择学说认为,因为某种功能的需要而进化产生了各种细胞类型8．下列关于细胞分裂和细胞分化的叙述，错误的是( )A．生物体的生长发育是细胞分裂和细胞分化的结果B．生物体通过细胞分化，细胞之间逐渐发生了稳定的差异C．细胞分裂是细胞分化的基础D．细胞分化过程中细胞中的遗传物质种类发生变化9．绵羊的乳腺细胞是高度特化的细胞，但用乳腺细胞的细胞核与卵细胞的细胞质融合成一个细胞后，这个细胞核仍然保持着全能性，这主要是因为( )A．细胞核内含有保持物种发育所需要的全套遗传物质B．卵细胞的细胞质内含有物种发育所需要的全套遗传物质C．卵细胞的细胞质为细胞核提供营养物质D．细胞核与细胞质是相互依存的关系10.李白诗云:“君不见,高堂明镜悲白发,朝如青丝暮成雪。
四川省成都市树德协进中学2013-2014学年高二5月阶段性考试 化学 Word版无答案.pdf
命题人：钟宏秀审题人：李探 选择题：（单选，每个3分，共54分） 下列有机物的命名正确的是 3．下列有机物①CH2=CH2；②CH3CH2Br；③C2H5OH；④ ⑤CCl4；⑥ ⑦ 据官能团的不同可分为 A．5类 B．6类 C．7类 D．类 mol/L的醋酸钠溶液10mL与0.1mol/L盐酸10rnL混合后，则溶液中有关微粒的浓度关系正确的是(Ac－代表 CH3COO-) A c (Ac－)＞c (Cl－)＞c (H＋)＞c (HAc) B c (Ac－)＞c (Cl－)＞c (HAc)＞c（Na＋） C c (Ac－)＝c (Cl＋)＞c (H＋)＞c (HAc) D c (Na＋)＋c (H＋)＝c (Ac－)＋c (Cl－)＋c (OH－) 5．25℃时，水的电离达到平衡：H2OH＋＋OH－；ΔH>0，下列叙述正确的是 向水中加入稀醋酸，平衡逆移，c(H＋)降低 B．将水加热，KW增大，pH不变 C．向水中加入少量固体硫酸氢钾，c(H＋)增大，KW不变 D．pH=10NaOH溶液与pH=10的NaClO溶液中，c(H+)之比等于106 6、下列有关热化学方程式的叙述正确的是 A．反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量时，该反应常温下即可发生 B．氢气燃烧热为285.8kJ·mol-1，则有H2(g)+1/2O2(g)=H2O(g) △H=－285.8kJ·mol-1 C．将1molBa(OH)2的稀溶液与稀盐酸完全中和，放出114.6kJ的热量，热化学方程式为：OH－(aq)+H＋(aq)=H2O(l)△H=－114.6kJ·mol-1 D．2SO2(g)＋O2(g)2SO3 (g)；△H＝－QkJ·mol－1(Q＞0)，则将2molSO2(g)和足量O2置于一密闭容器中，充分反应后放出的热量一定小于QkJ ．在一定条件下，将3 mol A和1 mol B两种气体混合于固定容积为2 L的密闭容器中，发生如下反应：3A(g)＋B(g)xC(g)＋2D(g)。
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成都市“五校联考”高2012级第四学期期中试题
化 学
I 卷（42分）
一、选择题（下列各题只有一个选项合乎题意）
1．化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列叙述不正确的是（ ）
A. 食品保鲜膜按材质分为聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯，它们都属于链状高分子，受热易熔化
B. 食用植物油的重要成分是高级不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯，是人体的营养物质
C. 人造纤维、合成纤维和光导纤维都是有机高分子化合物，符合C n (H 2O)m 的组成
D. 控制含磷洗涤剂的使用，为了防止水体富营养化，保护水资源
2.有关下列叙述不正确．．
的是 A ． 纤维素、蔗糖、葡萄糖和脂肪在一定条件下都可发生水解反应
B ．干馏煤可以得到甲烷、苯和氨等重要化工原料
C ．用于奥运“祥云”火炬的丙烷是一种清洁燃料
D ．油脂的皂化反应生成高级脂肪酸钠和丙三醇
3．已知反应4NH
3＋5O 24NO ＋6H 2O ，若在反应开始后5s~10s 之间的反应速率分别用v (NH 3)、v (O 2)、v (NO)、v (H 2O)表示，则下列判断正确的关系是( )。
A.45v (NH 3)＝v (O 2)
B.56v (O 2)＝v (H 2O)
C.23v (NH 3)＝v (H 2O)
D.45v (O 2)＝v (NO)
4.氯原子对O 3的分解有催化作用：O 3＋Cl===ClO ＋O 2 ΔH 1，ClO ＋O===Cl ＋O 2 ΔH 2。
大气臭氧层的分解反应是：O 3＋O===2O 2 ΔH ，该反应的能量变化如图所示，则下列叙述正确的是
( )。
①反应O
3＋O===2O 2的ΔH ＝E 1－E 3 ②反应O 3＋O===2O 2是放热
反应 ③ΔH ＝ΔH 1＋ΔH 2 ④大气层中的臭氧无法再生
A ．①②
B ．②③ C．③④ D．②④
5．为检验某卤代烃(R －X)中的X 元素，采用下列实验操作：①加热煮沸 ②加入AgNO 3溶液 ③取少量卤代烃 ④加入稀硝酸酸化 ⑤加入NaOH 溶液 ⑥冷却。
正确的操作是：( )
A. ③①⑤⑥②④
B. ③②①⑥④⑤
C. ③⑤①⑥④②
D. ③⑤①⑥②④
6．下列有关实验的表述中，错误的是（ ）
A.除去乙醇的水：加新制生石灰，蒸馏，收集馏出物
B．检验淀粉的水解产物：在用酸作催化剂的水解液中直接加入新制Cu(OH)2溶液，然后加热，观察是否有红色沉淀生成
C. 除去乙酸乙酯中的乙酸：加饱和碳酸钠溶液，充分振荡，分液，弃水层
D.银氨溶液的配制：在洁净的试管中加2% AgNO3溶液1~2 mL，逐滴加入2%稀氨水，边滴边振荡，至沉淀恰好溶解时为止。
7．有机物在不同条件下至少可能发生7种不同类型的反应：
①取代②加成③消去④氧化⑤酯化⑥加聚⑦缩聚，其中由于分子结构中含有“—OH”而可能发生的反应是()。
A．②④⑥⑦B．①③⑤⑥C．②③④⑤D．①③④⑤⑦
II 卷（58分）
二、完成下列各题
8、药用有机物A为一种无色液体.从A出发可发生如下一系列反应
请回答：（1）化合物D结构简式：，化合物E中的官能团名称：___________; （2）写出反应①的化学方程式：
；
（3）写出反应④的化学方程式：。
（4）有机物A的同分异体甚多，其中有芳香酸和芳香酯，试各写一种结构简式，
___________________________________________________________.
（5）E的一种同分异构体H，已知H可以和金属钠反应放出氢气，且在一定条件下可发生银镜反应，试写出H的银镜反应方程式：______________________________________.
9、每年夏季，农民焚烧植物秸秆（主要成分是纤维素），既污染了环境，又浪费了资源，工业上以植物秸秆为原料合成某聚酯化合物的路线如下：
已知A是常见的消毒剂，又可作为能源。
（1）乙烯中官能团的结构式为___________;葡萄糖分子中官能团的电子式为_________________________;
（2）由B转化为C的反应条件是________________;C转化为D的反应类型是___________; （3）测定D中所含官能团的物理方法是______________;若B是氯代烃，其系统命名法的名称是__________________;
（4）写出下列反应方程式：
A：由植物秸秆转化成葡萄糖________________________________________________
B：由A转化成乙烯__________________________________________________
C：生成聚酯化合物__________________________________________________
10、某实验小组用下列装置进行乙醇催化氧化的实验。
（1）实验过程中铜网出现红色和黑色交替的现象，请写出相应的化学方程式
、。
在不断鼓入空气的情况下，熄灭酒精灯，反应仍能继续进行，说明该反应是______反应。
（2）甲和乙两个水浴作用不相同。
甲的作用是；乙的作用是。
（3）反应一段时间后，试管a中能收集到不同的物质，它们可能是。
集气瓶中收集到的气体的主要成分是。
（4）若试管a中收集到的液体用紫色石蕊试纸检验，试纸显红色，说明液体中还含有。
要除去该物质，可先在混合液中加入(填写字母），然后，再通过（填试验操作名称）即可除去。
a．氯化钠溶液b．苯c．碳酸氢钠溶液d．四氯化碳
11、(I)保护环境已成为当前和未来的一项全球性重大课题。
为解决目前燃料使用过程中的环境污染问题，并缓解能源危机，有的专家提出利用太阳能促使燃料循环使用的构想，如图所示：
请回答下列问题：
(1)过程Ⅰ的能量转化形式为________能转化为________能。
(2)上述转化过程中，ΔH1和ΔH2的关系是________。
(3)断裂1 mol化学键所需的能量见下表：
常温下，N2与H2O反应生成NH3的热化学方程式为_______________________。
(II)在一试管中加入0.01mol/L的KMnO4酸性溶液和0.1mol/LH2C2O4溶液，在恒温下发生如下反应：
2 KMnO4+5 H2C2O4+3H2SO4===K2SO4+2Mn SO4+10CO2+8H2O;
5分钟后测得Mn2+的浓度为0.004mol/L；
（4）试计算0—5分钟内，C(H2C2O4)=____________;
(5)如果反应从开始进行一段时间后，速率—时间图像如图：
试解释t1—t2，t2—t3速率变化的原因。
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2014年春高二“五校联考”化学试题答卷
一、选择题 C A D B C B D
二、完成下列各题（15分）
8、（1） -OH (2分)，羧基 (2分)。
（2） -OOC CH 3+2NaOH →-ONa +CH
3COONa+H 2O (2分)
（3）CH 3COOH+CH 3CH 2OH 24
H SO
浓CH 3COOCH 2CH 3+H 2O (2分) （4） -CH 2COOH (2分)； -COOCH 3 (2分)（合理答案均给分） （5）23224322()230HOCH CHO Ag NH OH HOCH COONH Ag NH H +−−−
→+↓++水浴 (3分)
9、
（1）﹥C=C ﹤ ( 1分)； ( 1分)，
(1分) （2）NaOH 水溶液，加热 1分；氧化反应 (1分)
（3）红外光谱 2分；1、2—二氧乙烷 (2分)
（4）A:(C 6H 10O 5)n+nH 2O H +−−→ nC 6H 12O 6 (2分)
B:CH 3CH 2OH 24H SO
−−−−→浓CH 2=CH 2↑+H 2O (2分) C :nHOCH 2CH 2OH+nHOOC-COOH 24H SO
−−−−→浓H []22n OCH CH OOCCO OH + 2(21)n H O - (2分)
10、
（1）CuO+CH 3CH 2OH −−→
CH 3CHO+C u+H 2O 2分；2Cu+O 2 2CuO (2分)。
放热 (1分)
（2）使乙醇汽化 1分；冷却 (1分)（合理答案给分）
（3）CH 3CHO,CH 3CH 2OH (2分) ; N 2,O 2 (2分)
(4)CH 3COOH (1分) .C(1分)。
蒸馏 (2分)
11、（1）太阳 1分，化学 (1分)。
（2）12-H =-H 12-H =-H (1分) （3）2N 2(g)+6H 2O 光
4NH 3(g)+3O 2(g) H=+1189KJ/md (4分)
（Ⅱ）（4）0.0002md/(L ﹒min) (2分)
（5）
t 1—t 2说明Mn 2+作催化剂；t 2—t 3：反应物浓度降低 (4分)。