Colleges Taking Another Look at Value of Merit-based Aid 翻译

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2021年12月大学英语CET四级预测押题卷一和答案解析

2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。

英语作文上大学的必要性及上大学的途径

英语作文上大学的必要性及上大学的途径全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Importance of Going to College and How to Get ThereHey there, friends! Today, I want to talk to you about something super important – going to college. You might be thinking, "College? But I'm just a kid! That's so far away!" Well, let me tell you, it's never too early to start thinking about your future and what you want to do when you grow up.First of all, what exactly is college? College is a place where you go after high school to learn more about the things you're interested in and get ready for your dream job. It's like a big school, but instead of learning basic subjects like math and science, you get to choose what you want to study. Isn't that cool?Now, you might be wondering, "Why do I need to go to college? Can't I just get a job after high school?" Well, sure, you could do that. But let me tell you, going to college can open up so many more opportunities for you. It can help you get a betterjob, earn more money, and do something you're really passionate about.Let me give you an example. Let's say you really love animals and want to become a veterinarian when you grow up. To become a vet, you need to go to college and study things like animal biology, anatomy, and medicine. Without going to college, it would be really hard to get the knowledge and training you need to take care of furry friends.Or maybe you're more interested in something like engineering or computer science. These fields require a lot of advanced math and science skills that you can't really learn in high school. College is where you'll get the opportunity to dive deep into these subjects and learn everything you need to know to design cool new technologies or create amazing video games.But college isn't just about learning cool stuff – it's also about growing as a person. When you go to college, you'll meet people from all over the world with different backgrounds and experiences. You'll get to make new friends, try new things, and discover more about yourself and what you're capable of.Okay, so now you're probably thinking, "This all sounds great, but how do I actually get into college?" Well, my friends,it's not as hard as you might think, but it does take some effort and planning.First and foremost, you need to work hard in school. College admissions officers look at your grades and test scores to see if you're ready for the challenge of college-level work. So, make sure you pay attention in class, do your homework, and study hard for those big tests.Another important thing is getting involved in extracurricular activities. These are things you do outside of class, like sports teams, clubs, or volunteering. Colleges love to see that you're well-rounded and passionate about things besides just your schoolwork.Speaking of passions, it's also a good idea to explore your interests early on. If you love art, join an art club or take extra art classes. If you're interested in science, see if there are any science camps or competitions you can participate in. The more you can show colleges that you're genuinely interested in something, the better.And don't forget about standardized tests like the SAT or ACT. These are big tests that colleges use to evaluate your academic skills. They might seem scary, but with some practice and preparation, you'll do just fine.Finally, when it comes time to apply to colleges, make sure you put your best foot forward. Write a great personal statement that shows off your unique personality and accomplishments. Ask your teachers for recommendations, and make sure your application is neat and error-free.I know all of this might sound like a lot of work, but trust me, it's worth it. Going to college can open up so many doors for you and help you achieve your dreams. Plus, it's a ton of fun! You get to live on your own (or with roommates), make new friends, and explore new places.So, don't be afraid to dream big, my friends. Start thinking about college now, and work hard to get there. With determination and a positive attitude, you can do anything you set your mind to.That's all from me for now. Go out there and conquer the world, one day at a time. College is waiting for you, and the future is yours for the taking!篇2The Big Deal About Going to UniversityHey there! Have you ever thought about what you want to be when you grow up? Maybe a doctor, a scientist, a teacher, oreven a famous actor or athlete? Well, if you want to achieve those big dreams, going to university is a pretty important step.What is a university, you ask? It's like a really big school where young adults go to learn lots of cool and interesting things after they finish high school. At university, you get to pick a special subject that you're really interested in and study itin-depth. Isn't that awesome?Why should you go to university? Well, let me tell you!First of all, when you go to university, you learn so much more than you did in elementary or high school. You get to dive deep into subjects that fascinate you, taught by professors who are experts in their fields. If you dream of becoming a scientist, you'll learn all about chemistry, biology, and physics. If you want to be a writer, you'll study literature and creative writing. There are so many options to choose from!Going to university also helps you develop important skills that will be useful in any career you choose. You'll learn how to think critically, solve problems, communicate effectively, and work well with others. These are skills that employers really value, and they'll help you stand out in the job market.Another great reason to go to university is the amazing experiences you'll have. You'll meet people from all over the world, make new friends, and maybe even join some cool clubs or organizations. University is not just about studying – it's also about exploring new ideas, trying new things, and discovering more about yourself and the world around you.Now, you might be thinking, "But how do I get into university? Isn't it really hard?" Well, it does take some hard work and dedication, but it's totally worth it!The first step is to do your best in elementary and high school. Pay attention in class, complete your assignments, and study hard for tests. Good grades will show universities that you're a dedicated and capable student.It's also important to get involved in extracurricular activities, like sports teams, clubs, or volunteer work. Universities love to see well-rounded students who have interests and passions outside of the classroom.When it's time to apply to universities, you'll need to fill out applications and write essays about yourself and your goals. Don't worry – your teachers and counselors will help you through this process.Some universities might also require you to take a standardized test, like the SAT or ACT. These tests measure your skills in subjects like reading, writing, and math. While they can be a bit challenging, there are lots of resources available to help you prepare.And remember, if you don't get into your dream university the first time, don't get discouraged! There are many great universities out there, and you can always try again the following year.Going to university is an exciting journey filled with new experiences, friendships, and opportunities for growth. It's a path that can lead you to amazing careers and adventures. So, keep working hard, believing in yourself, and dreaming big!篇3The Big Decision: Why Going to University is Super Important and How to Get ThereHi friends! Today, I want to talk about something really exciting – going to university! You might be thinking, "But I'm just a kid, why do I need to worry about that now?" Well, let me tell you, it's never too early to start thinking about your future goals and dreams.What is a University?Before we dive in, let's make sure we're all on the same page.A university is like a big school for older students, usually after they finish high school. It's a place where you can study all sorts of cool subjects and get special degrees that can help you land your dream job later on.Why is Going to University So Important?Going to university is super important for a few reasons:You'll Learn Lots of New Things: At university, you'll have the chance to explore subjects that really interest you. Whether you're fascinated by science, love writing stories, or want to become a math whiz, there are courses for all kinds of interests. Plus, you'll get to learn from professors who are experts in their fields!Better Job Opportunities: Many jobs these days require special training or degrees that you can only get from a university. By going to university, you'll have a better chance of landing a job you love and earning a good salary.Personal Growth: University isn't just about learning from books. It's also a time for you to grow as a person. You'll meet new people from different backgrounds, learn to beindependent, and develop important skills like time management and critical thinking.How to Get to University: The PathwaysNow that you know why going to university is so awesome, you might be wondering, "But how do I actually get there?" Don't worry, there are a few different pathways you can take:The Traditional Route: This is the path that most people follow. After finishing high school, you'll apply to universities and, if accepted, attend full-time for a few years to earn your degree.Community College: Some students start at a community college, which is like a smaller university. They take general education courses there for a year or two, and then transfer to a four-year university to finish their degree.Online Programs: With technology these days, some universities offer online degree programs. This means you can take classes over the internet from the comfort of your own home!Apprenticeships and Vocational Training: If university isn't your thing, you can also look into apprenticeships or vocational training programs. These often combine hands-on learning with classroom instruction to prepare you for specific careers.No matter which path you choose, the important thing is to work hard in school, explore your interests, and never stop dreaming big!The Journey to UniversityGetting to university can seem like a long and winding road, but don't get discouraged! Here are some tips to help you along the way:Study Hard: This one might seem obvious, but it's really important to do your best in school. Good grades will not only help you get into the university of your choice, but they'll also prepare you for the challenging coursework ahead.Get Involved: Participating in extracurricular activities like sports, clubs, or volunteer work can make you a well-rounded applicant and teach you valuable skills.Ask for Help: If you're feeling overwhelmed or unsure about the application process, don't be afraid to ask your parents, teachers, or school counselors for guidance. They're there to support you!Visit Campuses: If you have the opportunity, try to visit some university campuses. This can help you get a feel for the environment and decide if it's a good fit for you.Stay Positive: The journey to university can be tough, but remember to stay positive and keep your eye on the prize. With hard work and determination, you can achieve your dreams!So, there you have it, friends – the lowdown on why going to university is so important and how you can get there. It might seem like a long way off, but trust me, the time will fly by. Start thinking about your goals and interests now, and before you know it, you'll be off to university, ready to embark on an amazing adventure of learning and self-discovery.Remember, the path to university might not always be easy, but it's definitely worth it. Keep your head up, work hard, and never stop believing in yourself. Who knows, maybe one day you'll be the one standing in front of a classroom, inspiring the next generation of university-bound students!篇4The Need to Go to University and How to Get ThereHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about something really important - going to university after high school. I know university seems like a long way off for us right now, but it's never too early to start thinking about it.Why go to university? Well, there are lots of great reasons! First of all, university is where you can learn so many cool and interesting things. You get to pick your favorite subjects to focus on, like art, science, writing, math, languages, or whatever else you love. The professors are super smart and can teach you amazing things you'd never learn otherwise.University is also important for getting a good job when you grow up. Lots of the best jobs require a university degree. Things like being a doctor, lawyer, engineer, scientist, teacher, and so on. With a university education, you can choose from way more career paths than if you just finish high school. And university graduates tend to earn higher salaries too!But university isn't just about learning and getting a good job down the road. It's also an incredible life experience! You get to live away from home, make new friends from all over, join clubs and sports teams, and really discover who you are. University campuses are super fun places with lots of activities, events, restaurants, and more. It's a great transition into becoming an independent adult.Okay, so hopefully I've convinced you that going to university is the way to go. But how do you actually get there? Here are some key tips:Work really hard in elementary and high school. Your grades are super important for getting into a good university program. Take challenging courses, study hard, do your homework, and don't slack off!Get involved in extracurricular activities like sports, clubs, volunteering, and part-time jobs. Universities want to see that you're a well-rounded person, not just a good student.As you get closer to graduating high school, take entrance exams like the SAT or ACT. Many universities require these tests as part of their admissions process. There are prep courses you can take to get ready.Apply to lots of different universities, not just one or two. That increases your chances of getting in somewhere. Pay close attention to application requirements like essays, letters of recommendation, etc.Once accepted, apply for financial aid like scholarships, grants, and student loans. University is expensive, so you'll likely need some assistance to pay for it all.Pick the best university for your goals and interests when deciding where to go. Do lots of research on things like program strengths, campus life, costs, etc.When you get to university, keep working super hard in your classes. But also join clubs, make friends, get involved on campus, and have an amazing time!I know this all might sound a bit overwhelming right now. But if you take it step-by-step, staying focused and motivated, university is absolutely something you can achieve. Just keep your eye on the prize!University opens up so many amazing opportunities in life. You'll gain incredible knowledge, life experiences, friendships, and eventual career options. While it requires lots of hard work, it's definitely worth it in the end. I hope you're all already dreaming about where you'll go and what you'll study! Wishing you the best of luck.篇5The Big Deal About Going to UniversityHey there, kids! Have you ever wondered what's so great about going to university after high school? Or how you even get there in the first place? Well, buckle up, because I'm going to tell you all about it!First things first, what exactly is a university? It's like a really big school where people go to learn all sorts of cool stuff afterthey finish high school. Instead of having classes in basic subjects like math, science, and English, you get to pick a special area that you're really interested in and dive deep into it. Pretty neat, right?Now, you might be thinking, "But why do I need to go to university? Can't I just get a job after high school?" And sure, you could do that. But going to university opens up so many more doors and opportunities for you in the future.See, when you go to university, you're not just learning facts and figures – you're also developing important skills that will help you in almost any career. Things like problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and teamwork are all super valuable to employers. Plus, many jobs these days require you to have a university degree, even if the job itself doesn't seem to be directly related to what you studied.Another big reason to go to university is to follow your passions and explore your interests. Maybe you're really into art, or psychology, or engineering. At university, you can spend years really diving into those subjects and learning everything there is to know about them. That way, when you graduate, you'll be an expert in your field and ready to pursue a career that you're truly excited about.But I know what you're thinking – "That all sounds great, but how do I actually get into university?"Well, it all starts with working hard in school from a young age. Pay attention in class, do your homework, and try your best on tests and assignments. Your grades in high school will play a big role in determining which universities you can apply to.You'll also want to get involved in extracurricular activities, like sports teams, clubs, or volunteer work. Universities love to see that you're a well-rounded person with interests and experiences outside of just academics.As you get closer to your senior year of high school, you'll need to start researching different universities and their programs. Look for ones that offer the areas of study that interest you, and make sure to check out things like campus life, housing, and financial aid options.Once you've narrowed down your choices, you'll need to fill out applications and write personal statements or essays explaining why you're a good fit for that university. This is your chance to really show off your personality and achievements, so don't be afraid to brag a little!If you get accepted (yay!), there might be some additional steps like applying for housing, registering for classes, and figuring out how to pay for tuition and living expenses. But don't worry – universities have lots of resources to help you through the process.I know it might all sound a bit overwhelming right now, but trust me, going to university is an incredible experience that can open up so many doors for your future. Just take it one step at a time, work hard, and believe in yourself!So, what do you say? Are you ready to embark on the university adventure? Just remember, with dedication and perseverance, you can make your dreams a reality! Go get 'em, kiddo!。

英语四六级快速阅读的题型及要求

快速阅读的题型及要求快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有多项选择题/是非判断、快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有多项选择题/是非判断、句子填多项选择题/ 空、完成句子等。

一般有10个题目，题型不固定：前7个题目可完成句子等。

一般有10个题目，题型不固定：前7 能是多项选择题，也可能是是非判断题（包括正确、错误和原文未提及三种情况)，而后 3 文未提及三种情况)，而后3个题目一般是句子填空或完成句子，填入部分通常为名词短语，其长度一般不超过7 填入部分通常为名词短语，其长度一般不超过7个单词。

快速阅读部分采用1 快速阅读部分采用1～2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长度约为1000 约为1000词。

要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信1000词息。

略读息。

略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力，阅读速度约每分钟100词。

查读的能力，阅读速度约每分钟100词。

查读考核学生利用各种提示，查读考核学生利用各种提示，如数字、大写单词、段首句或句首词等快速查找特定信息的能力。

四级快速阅读的特点1. 文章的体裁一般为说明文，有大标题，也可能有小标题；即使文章的体裁一般为说明文，有大标题，没有小标题，说明的层次也非常清楚没有小标题，说明的层次也非常清楚；层次也非常清楚；2. 文章长度大约为1000～1200词，难度适中，基本没有超纲词汇；文章长度大约为1000 1200词难度适中，1000～即使有超纲词汇，也不会影响阅读理解，即使有超纲词汇，也不会影响阅读理解，或者会用汉语在原文中注明；3. 文章的内容以科普知识居多，不要求完全理解，只要求能够通文章的内容以科普知识居多，不要求完全理解过略读或查读的方式找到题干的信息，过略读或查读的方式找到题干的信息，并根据原文内容做出正确选择。

确选择。

4. 命题的顺序基本与原文保持一致，其中以段落的首、尾句处为命题的顺序基本与原文保持一致，其中以段落的首、最常考的内容。

2023年12月英语四级真题2

2023年12月大学英语四级考试试题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 建设绿色校园很重要2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色旳环境……3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应当……Creating a Green CampusPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aidGood grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as“merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2023.Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school.For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running.But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,”says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately s tudents who could afford to enroll without it.“As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Repor t’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level.Between 1995-96 and 2023-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.But in recent years, a growing chorus(异口同声)of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.“No one can take one-sided action,”says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption(豁免)from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid, “This is a merry-go-round that’s going very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves.”A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.That’s one reason Allegheny College doesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.“We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholarship,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president for enrollment.Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment(捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program.“Yeah, we’re playing the merit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But it has its strong point, too, he says. “The fact of the matter is, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the average American middle-class family who’s being priced out of the market.”*A few words about merit-based aid:Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and isgenerally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.Academic merit scholarships are based on students’grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a teacher as part of the qualification process.Athletic merit scholarships are meant for students that excel(突出)in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee(裁判). Applicants need to send in a tape containing their best performance.Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio(选辑)of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.1. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ________.A) offering students more merit-based aid B) revising their financial aid policiesC) increasing the amount of financial aid D) changing their admission processes2. What did Allegheny College in Meadville do three years ago?A) It tried to implement a novel financial aid program.B) It added $ 2.5 million to its need-based aid program.C) It phased out its merit-based scholarships altogether.D) It cuts its merit-based aid to help the needy students.3. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ______.A) improve teaching quality B) boost their enrollmentsC) attract good students D) increase their revenues4. Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, believes ______.A) it doesn’t pay to spend $ 1 million a year to raise its rankingB) it gives students motivation to award academic achievementsC) it’s illogical to use so much money on only 4% of its studentsD) it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition5. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ______.A) more government funding to colleges B) fierce competition among institutionsC) the increasing number of top students D) schools’ improved financial situations6. What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?A) They would like to see it reduced.B) They regard it as a necessary evil.C) They think it does more harm than good.D) They consider it unfair to middle-class families.7. Why doesn’t Allegheny College plan to drop merit aid entirely?A) Raising tuitions have made college unaffordable for middle-class families.B) With rising incomes, fewer students are applying for need-based aid.C) Many students from middle-income families have come to rely on it.D) Rising incomes have disqualified many students for need-based aid.8. Annual renewal of academic merit scholarships depends on whether the recipients remain ______.9. Applicants for athletic merit scholarships need a recommendation from a coach or a referee who ______ their exceptional athletic performance.10. Applicants for artistic merit scholarships must produce evidence to show their ______ ina particular artistic fieldPart Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) Get some small change. B) Find a shopping center.C) Cash a check at a bank. D) Find a parking meter.12. A) Shopping with his son. B) Buying a gift for a child.C) Promoting a new product. D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.13. A) Taking photographs. B) Enhancing images.C) Mending cameras. D) Painting pictures.14. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.B) He can provide little useful information.C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.15. A) He is rather disappointed. B) He is highly ambitious.C) He can’t face up to the situation D) He knows his own limitation.16. A) She must have paid a lot B) She is known to have a terrific figure.C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results.D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.17. A) Female students are unfit for studying physics.B) He can serve as the woman’s tutor.C) Physics is an important course at school.D) The professor’s suggestion is constructive.18. A) Indifferent. B) Doubtful. C) Pleased. D) Surprised.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He prefers the smaller evening classes. B) He has signed up for a day course.C) He has to work during the day. D) He finds the evening course cheaper.20. A) Learn a computer language. B) Learn data processing.C) Buy some computer software. D) Buy a few coursebooks.21. A) Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45. B) From September 1 to New Year’s eve.C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks. D) Three hours a week, 45 hours in total.22. A) What to bring for registration. B) Where to attend the class.C) How he can get to Frost Hall. D) Whether he can use a check.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) A training coach. B) A trading adviser.C) A professional manager. D) A financial trader.24. A) He can save on living expenses. B) He considers cooking creative.C) He can enjoy healthier food. D) He thinks take-away is tasteless.25. A) It is something inevitable. B) It is frustrating sometimes.C) It takes patience to manage. D) It can be a good thing.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) There were no planets without moons. B) There was no air or water on Jupiter.C) Life was not possible in outer space. D) The mystery of life could not be resolved.27. A) It has a number of active volcanoes. B) It has an atmosphere like the earth’s.C) It has a large ocean under its surface. D) It has deep caves several miles long.28. A) Light is not an essential element to it. B) Life can form in very hot temperatures.C) Every form of life undergoes evolution. D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Whether they should take the child home.B) What Dr. Mayer’s instructions exactly were.C) Who should take care of the child at home.D) When the child would completely recover.30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.B) She makes them write down all her instructions.C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word. B) It contains many grammatical errors.C) It is heavily dependent on the context. D) It facilitates interpersonal communication.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Job security. B) Good labour relations.C) Challenging work. D) Attractive wages and benefits.33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs.D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.34. A) Offer them chances of promotion.B) Improve their working conditions.C) Encourage them to compete with each other.D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.B) They concern a small number of people only.C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。

专业八级模拟609

专业八级模拟609(总分：121.42，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTURE(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Writing a Research PaperⅠ. Research Papers and Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in 1e.g. —choosing a topic—asking questions—identifying the audienceB. Difference mainly in terms of 21. research papers: printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in one"s 3Ⅱ. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic types: twoB. 4 :1. survey-type paper:—to gather 5—to quote—to 6The writer should be 72. 8 (research) paper:a. The writer should do more, e. g.—to interpret—to question, etc.b. 9 varies with the topic, e. g.—to recommend an action, etc.c. The writer should 10 deal with the statements it citesⅢ. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to 11Question No. 1: whether you 12 the topicQuestion No. 2: whether relevant information on the chosen topic 13Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to 14Question No. 4: Asking questions about 15The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilities.Writing a Research PaperⅠ. Research Papers and Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in 1e.g. —choosing a topic—asking questions—identifying the audienceB. Difference mainly in terms of 21. research papers: printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in one"s 3Ⅱ. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic types: twoB. 4 :1. survey-type paper:—to gather 5—to quote—to 6The writer should be 72. 8 (research) paper:a. The writer should do more, e. g.—to interpret—to question, etc.b. 9 varies with the topic, e. g.—to recommend an action, etc.c. The writer should 10 deal with the statements it citesⅢ. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to 11Question No. 1: whether you 12 the topicQuestion No. 2: whether relevant information on the chosen topic 13Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to 14Question No. 4: Asking questions about 15The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilities.（分数：15.00）解析：basic steps [听力原文]Writing a Research PaperI think as seniors, you are often required by your instructors to do some library research on this topic or that. And, in the end, you have to write a research paper, right? Then what is writing a research paper like? How are we going to write one? What are the steps in producing a research paper and what are the points we need to take care of? In today"s lecture, I"ll try to answer these questions.First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay, a form of writing you are very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay. Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps. That is, choosing a topic, asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with, outlining the paper, writing it, and, finally, revising it. These are the steps shared between research paper writing and essay writing.Is there any difference, you may ask. Yes. What makes a research paper different is that much of your raw material comes not from your own head, but from printed sources: sources: mainly books and periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is reading books and taking notes, is very much like the process of brainstorming at the prewriting stage of an ordinary essay. Generally speaking, there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong to either type. It may be a survey of facts and opinions available on a given topic or an analytical argument that uses those facts and opinions to prove a point. Your instructor may tell you which kind of paper you are expected to write. If not, you yourself should eventually choose between surveying and arguing. You will then have a definite way of managing your sources.Now, let"s take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative research paper. In a survey-type research paper, you gather facts and a variety of opinions on a given topic. You make little attempt to interpret or evaluate what your sources say or to provea particular point. Instead, through quotation, summary, and paraphrase, you try to provide a representative sampling of facts and opinions to give an objective report on your topic, You explain the pros and cons of various attitudes or opinions , but you don"t side definitely with any one of them.While in an argumentative research paper, you do considerably more . You do not simply quote, paraphrase, and summarize as you do in a survey-type paper. You interpret, question, compare, and judge the statements you cite. You explain why one opinion is sound and another is not; why one fact is relevant and another is not; why one writer is correct and another is mistaken. What"s more, your purpose may vary with your topic. You may try to explain a situation to recommend a course of action, to reveal the solution to a problem, or to present and defend a particular interpretation of a historical event or a work of art. But whether the topic is space travel or trends in contemporary American literature, an argumentative research paper deals actively—I say it! again, actively—with the statements it cites. It makes these statements work together in an argument that you create, that is, to an argument leading to a conclusion of your own. In the next part of the lecture, I"d like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing I mentioned earlier in the lecture. That is how to choose a topic. Choosing a topic for a research paper is in some ways like choosing a topic for an ordinary essay, but there are some differences. As you think about your topic, ask yourself these questions:Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? This is the initial question you have to ask yourself, because research on any subject will keep you busy for weeks. You certainly do not wish to waste your time on something you have little interest in . You do it well only if you expect to learn something interesting or important in the process. Question number two: Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? You cannot write a research paper without consulting a variety of sources. If only one source or none at all is readily available, you should rethink your topic or choose another.Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? Be reasonable and realistic about what you can do in a short period, say, two to four weeks. If your topic is "The American Revolution", you"ll scarcely have time to make a list of hooks on yore" subject, let alone read and analyze them. So try to find something specific, such as "The Role of Thomas Jefferson in the American Revolution" or "The Franco-American Alliance"Question number four: What questions can you ask about the topic itself? Questions help you get the topic down to a manageable size, discover its possibilities, and find the goal of your research, that is, the specific problem you want to investigate. Suppose you want to write about the issue of financing a college education—A topic not only current, but also directly linked to the lives of most college students and their families. You could ask at least two or three pointed questions: How much does educational opportunity depend on financial status? Is financial aid going to the students who need it most? How much should universities and colleges charge their students? You can ask yourself these questions or more as you start work on the research paper.Okay. To sum up, in today"s lecture, we"ve looked at some of the issues in research paper writing, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to choose a topic. In our next lecture, we"ll concentrate on how to identify the audience, bow to work out an outline, and how to edit the draft.[解析] 细节题。

英语答案

快速阅读Caught in the Web1. A) her daughers' repeated complains2. D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition3. C) can realize what is important in life4. A) it seriously affected family relationships5. C) depressed6. B) His family had intervened7. B) curb his desire for online gaming8. (she)had an Internet addiction9. (seek)professional help10. (about)online datingColleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid1、B) revising their financial aid polices2. D)it cuts it's merit-based scholarships altogether3.C)attract good students4.D)it's not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition5.B)fierce competition among insitutions6.A)they would like to see it reduced7.C)many students from middle-income families have come to rely on it8.(remain) qualified9. (who)recognizes10. Excellence(in)How Do You See Diversity?1. A. He just wouldn’t look her in the dye。

大学如何承担责任取得成功英语作文

大学如何承担责任取得成功英语作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1How to Take Responsibility and Succeed in CollegeHey there, friends! Are you excited about going to college soon? College is a really fun place where you get to learn all sorts of cool things. But you know what? It's also a big responsibility. That's a fancy word that means you have to work hard and do the right things to succeed. Don't worry, though! I'm here to share some tips on how to take responsibility and do well in college.First things first, you need to show up for your classes! It's so tempting to sleep in or skip a lecture, but that's a big no-no. Your professors work hard to teach you, and if you're not there, you'll miss out on important stuff. Imagine trying to solve a puzzle without all the pieces – it's just not gonna work! So, set your alarm, grab your backpack, and get yourself to class on time. And when you're there, pay attention and take good notes. That way, you'll have everything you need to study for your tests and assignments.Speaking of assignments, you've gotta do them! I know, homework can be a real drag sometimes, but it's super important. Your teachers give you homework to help you practice what you've learned and make sure you understand everything. If you don't do your homework, you'll fall behind, and that's not good. So, make a schedule, set aside time for your homework, and get it done. It might not be the most fun thing ever, but you'll feel so proud of yourself when you finish!Another important part of taking responsibility in college is asking for help when you need it. Maybe you're struggling with a tough subject, or maybe you're feeling overwhelmed with all the work. That's okay! Everyone needs help sometimes. Don't be afraid to ask your professors for extra help or to visit the tutoring center on campus. They're there to support you and want you to succeed.Now, let's talk about something really important: time management. In college, you'll have a lot of freedom and flexibility with your schedule. That's awesome, but it also means you'll need to be extra responsible with your time. Make a plan for when you'll study, go to class, do homework, and have fun. Don't let yourself get distracted by video games, social media, or Netflix binges (even though those can be super tempting!). Stayfocused and use your time wisely, and you'll be amazed at how much you can accomplish.Finally, remember to take care of yourself. College can be stressful, and if you're not feeling your best, it'll be hard to do your best work. Make sure you're getting enough sleep, eating healthy foods, and taking breaks to do things you enjoy. Maybe you like to play sports, read books, or hang out with friends. Whatever it is, make time for it! A happy, healthy mind and body will help you tackle all those college responsibilities with ease.Wow, that was a lot of information, huh? But don't worry, you've got this! Just remember to show up, do your work, ask for help, manage your time, and take care of yourself. If you do all those things, you'll be a responsibility rock star in college! And before you know it, you'll be walking across that stage to get your diploma, feeling proud and accomplished. Isn't that exciting?So, what do you say, friends? Are you ready to take on college and all the responsibilities that come with it? I know you can do it! Just believe in yourself, work hard, and have fun along the way. College is an amazing adventure, and I can't wait for you to experience it all. Good luck, and remember – you've got this!篇2How to Take Responsibility and Succeed in CollegeBy A Smart Elementary KidCollege is super fun and exciting, but it's also really important! If you want to do well, you have to take responsibility for yourself. That means being the boss of your own life and making good choices. Here's how to take responsibility and succeed in college:First, you have to go to class! This one is easy. When you're in elementary school, you have to go to class because your mom and dad make you. But in college, there's no one making you go. You're the boss! If you skip class, no one is going to yell at you. But then you'll miss out on learning stuff, and you won't do well on tests and assignments. So be responsible and go to every single class! Sitting there and paying attention is the first step to doing well.Next, you have to do your homework. I know, homework is definitely not the best part of being a student. But it's important because that's how you practice what you learned in class. In college, you'll have WAY more homework than you did in elementary school. Papers, projects, reading - it never ends! Ifyou don't stay on top of it and get it all done, you'll fall behind. So be the boss and make sure to set aside time every day to chip away at your homework little by little. Don't leave it for the last minute!Another way to take responsibility is to manage your time wisely. There's so much fun stuff to do in college besides just going to class and doing homework. You can join clubs, go to parties, hang out with friends, play sports, and more. But if you're just running around being crazy all day and all night, you'll never get anything done. An important part of being responsible is planning out your days and weeks. Give yourself plenty of time for schoolwork, but also schedule in breaks for activities and socializing. Being responsible doesn't mean no fun allowed - it just means fitting everything in!Speaking of fun activities, partying too much is a bad idea if you want to succeed. I'm sure college parties with no parents around seem awesome, but try to control yourself. Staying out late, drinking, and goofing off all the time will hurt your grades big time. You'll miss classes, you'll submit crummy work, and you might even get in trouble! Save the big blow-out parties for small breaks and holidays. During normal school weeks, be responsible and get your work done first before playing.Another key is learning to take good notes. This is a skill you can start working on right now, even in elementary school! In college, professors just talk and talk during lectures without writing much on the board. If you don't take great notes, you'll have a hard time knowing what's important to study and remember later. Be an active and responsible note-taker - write down definitions, examples, formulas, diagrams, and anything your professor says is crucial. Developing this skill now will pay off huge in college.You'll also need to be responsible by getting help when you need it. Lots of students are too proud or embarrassed to admit when they're struggling with a class or assignment. But putting your pride aside and seeking out help is a very mature, responsible thing to do! Colleges have all sorts of free resources like tutoring centers, teaching assistant office hours, mentor groups, and more. If you're having a hard time, go get help right away before you panic and fall too far behind. It's the responsible thing to do.Finally, the most important part of being a responsible college student is managing your money properly. For most students, college is the first time you're kind of in charge of your own money situation. You'll probably have some income from ajob or financial aid, but it's up to you to make it last by budgeting carefully. Don't blow it all on junk because then you'll have no money for tuition, books, food, etc. Set up a budget, track your spending, and be financially responsible. Money troubles cause a ton of stress that make it hard to focus on school.So there you have it - those are the keys to taking responsibility and succeeding in college. It's all about being the boss of your own life. Go to class, do the work, manage your time, be smart about partying, take good notes, get help when needed, and budget your money right. Following this advice won't just lead to good grades, but it will help you become a more mature, responsible adult. And that's the most important goal!篇3How to Be a Responsible Student and Do Good in UniversityHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about going to university when you're older. University is kind of like big kid school after high school. You have to go there to learn stuff so you can get a good job later. But it's not easy! You have to work really hard and be very responsible. Let me tell you how.First of all, you have to pick the right university for you. There are universities all over the world. Some are big and some aresmall. Some are in cities and some are in the countryside. You have to decide what kind of place would be best for you to study in. Do you like being around a lot of people and buildings? Or would you prefer somewhere quieter with more nature? Think about it carefully.Once you've picked your university, you have to apply to go there. This means filling out forms and writing about yourself. You'll probably also need to take a test to show how smart you are. The universities only let in students who they think can do the work. So you have to prove that you're responsible enough!If you get into university, yay! But now the real work starts. In university, you have to go to classes and lectures. The professors will teach you about all kinds of things related to your area of study. Maybe you want to be a doctor, so you'll learn about the human body. Or maybe you want to be an engineer, so you'll learn about building machines and structures. Whatever you pick, it will be very intensive learning.But going to class is only part of it. You also have to do a ton of work outside of class. Professors will assign you homework, reading, papers to write, and projects to do. This could be like 40 hours of work per week outside of class time! You have to makesure to budget your time wisely and not fall behind. Being a university student is like having a full-time job.It's also really important to get enough sleep, eat right, exercise, and take breaks. If you get too stressed out, it will be hard to do well. University is a marathon, not a sprint. You have to practice self-care so you can make it through.One of the biggest parts of being a successful university student is managing your responsibilities on your own. Your parents and teachers can't hold your hand anymore. You have to decide when to study, when to do assignments, when to attend classes, and how to spend your free time. No one is going to nag you about it. It's 100% up to you to be a responsible adult.That can be really hard at first! It's easy to get distracted by fun activities with friends or video games. You have to learn self-discipline. Make a schedule and stick to it. Find ways to motivate yourself, like rewarding yourself with breaks after you complete tasks. It's all about building good habits.Another big part of university is being able to think critically and learn things at a very high level. You can't just memorize facts anymore. You have to analyze ideas, question assumptions, and come up with your own insights. The professors will expect you to be an active learner who participates in discussions andwrites essays defending your perspectives. It's advanced level thinking!The friends you make can also really impact your university experience. If you hang out with people who don't care about their studies, you might pick up bad habits. But if you befriend other hardworking, ambitious students, you can motivate each other. Join study groups and form a good support system. Having responsibility partners makes a huge difference.Finally, don't forget to get involved in extracurricular activities! Yeah, your studies come first. But university is also a time to explore new interests through clubs, sports, volunteering, etc. Getting experience outside the classroom looks great on your resume later too.So in summary, being a university student is no joke! You have to be a highly responsible self-starter who can manage intense academics independently. But if you work hard, stay organized, build good habits, think critically, make good friends, and allow yourself breaks - you can totally crush it! Earning a university degree shows you have the discipline and smarts to achieve something very difficult. Just take it step-by-step and you'll get there!Let me know if you have any other questions! I'll be happy to tell you more about preparing for university success when you're older. Just remember, it's all about taking responsibility for your own life. You've got this!篇4College is Way Harder Than Little Kid SchoolWow, college is really really different from elementary school! In little kid school, the teachers told you exactly what to do and made sure you did it. But in college, it's all up to you! It's kinda scary but also kinda exciting.The biggest thing is that you have to take way more responsibility for yourself in篇5College is Super Fun and Exciting!Hi friends! Today I want to tell you all about how college students can be successful. College is kind of like big kid school after you finish high school. You get to move away from home and live on your own or with friends in a cool dorm room on campus. How awesome is that?In college, you have way more freedom than when you were living at home with your parents. You get to pick what classes you want to take based on what you're interested in studying. There are sooo many different subjects to choose from - everything from art and music to science, math, literature and more. The classes are bigger than in elementary or high school too, with maybe a hundred students or more. Pretty crazy!The best part about college is that you're finally treated like a grown-up. Your parents aren't telling you what to do anymore. You get to decide when to go to sleep, what to eat, how to spend your free time, and so on. With all that freedom comes a lot of responsibility though. Let me explain what I mean.Being Responsible in CollegeIn college, there's no one watching over your shoulder to make sure you're getting your work done and going to class. That's all up to you! You have to be a responsible adult and make good choices.For example, it's your job to get yourself out of bed and to your classes on time each day. If you sleep in or skip too many classes, your grades will suffer. The professors don't really care if you show up or not. It's on you!You also have to be responsible for getting all your homework and assignments turned in by the due dates. Professors give out way more work than in high school since you're an adult now. If you procrastinate or forget to do it, there could be consequences like getting a bad grade.Another big responsibility is managing your own money and budget. Your parents probably gave you an allowance when you were a kid, but not anymore! You have to be really careful about how you spend your money on things like books, food, rent, etc. It's easy to go overboard and run out of money if you're not responsible.Taking on ChallengesIn addition to just being responsible, you also have to be willing to work super hard and take on new challenges in college. It's not easy, but that's how you grow as a person.For example, the academic work is much more difficult than anything you've done before. Reading long books and writing huge research papers requires discipline and stamina. You have to keep pushing yourself even when it's really tough.College also challenges you to try new experiences outside the classroom. There are hundreds of clubs, sports teams,volunteer groups and other activities to join. Putting yourself out there and meeting new people can be scary at first. But if you take on that challenge, you'll make lots of new friends and discover new interests.Another way college students face challenges is by taking classes in subjects that are hard for them. Let's say you're naturally good at art and music but struggle with math and science. Instead of just sticking with your strengths, you have to take challenging courses in those subjects too in order to grow.The challenges are endless, but that's what makes college so exciting! If you work hard and keep pushing through, you'll build amazing skills for your future career. You'll become amazing at public speaking, writing, analysis, problem-solving, and so much more.Asking for HelpOne of the biggest keys to being a responsible and successful college student is to ask for help when you need it. There's no way you can do it all alone!Your professors are there to support you, so you should never hesitate to go to their office hours if you're confusedabout an assignment or need extra help. That's what they're paid to do - teach you and make sure you understand.There are also free tutors, academic advisors, and all sorts of resource centers on campus if you're struggling with a certain subject. Your tuition dollars help pay for those services, so take full advantage of them!Your friends and classmates are another great resource when you need help understanding material from class. You can work together to edit papers, study for exams, quiz each other, and talk through difficult concepts. What makes college life so fun are the communities you build!Finally, when you're feeling overwhelmed or homesick, make sure to call your parents, siblings or other family members. They've been through it all before and can give you wisdom and comfort when times get tough. Don't isolate yourself!Have an Awesome Time!College is a truly special time in life. You'll learn soooo much, make lifelong friends, discover your passions, and have an absolute blast along the way. Just remember to be responsible, work hard, keep challenging yourself, and ask for help when you need it.If you can do all of those things, you'll no doubt have an incredible college experience and great success! You'll walk away after four years with a diploma you can be proud of, ready to conquer your dreams.I hope you found these tips helpful, friends! Let me know if you have any other questions. Now get out there, study hard, and HAVE FUN!。

skimming-and-scanning

第11页，共38页。
• 文章的标题有两种：大标题和小标题。
• 如2011年12月的四级考试。大标题为Why Integrity Matters(诚实正直) ，小标题有七个，分别是：“诚实是什么”，“冒险的决定”，“但是每人都在做”，“冒险系数评估”，“能不能侥幸逃脱”，“为什么诚实是重要的”。基本每个小标题下都会有一道题目，所以四级的考生在定位上基本没什么问题。
第10页，共38页。
.
• 这篇文章的结构也是非常规则的，属于现象---问题---讨论的结构。这样的结构是我们一直强调的说明文的普遍结构。作者用 Carla Toebe从上瘾到发现自己的问题的事例引出话题，接着引用了几位专家的意见对这个问题的定义，产生原因和症状进行了分析，结尾用Carla Toebe给了一个呼吁，提醒人们要cut back on Internet use。
program.
C) It phased out its merit-based scholarships altogether.
D) It cuts its merit-based aid to help the needy students.
第22页，共38页。
• 本题的题干关键词是大学名称Allegheny College in Meadville和do，由此定位到原文第三段：“George
答题步骤
• 读文章标题，Skimming“略读”，掌握大意
• 读题，把题目中的定位词先圈出来，再回原文找。
• 找答案，Scanning“寻读” • 填写答案
第7页，共38页。
Step1：看标题，略读(Skimming)
• (1)了解文章的主题； • (2)对文章的结构获得一个整体概念； • (3)对各部分的内容获得一个粗略的印象； • (4)对文章主旨做出判断。

新视野第三版大学英语第二册课文翻译

新视野第三版⼤学英语第⼆册课⽂翻译新视野⼤学英语第⼆册读写教程课⽂翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: ⼀堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯⼀⼀个还在纠正⼩孩英语的家长，那么我⼉⼦也许是对的。

对他⽽⾔，我是⼀个乏味的怪物：⼀个他不得不听其教诲的⽗亲，⼀个还沉湎于语法规则的⼈，对此我⼉⼦似乎颇为反感。

2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的⼀位学⽣时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。

这个学⽣刚从欧洲旅游回来。

我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之⾏如何？”3. 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4. 没了。

所有希腊⽂明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于⼀个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学⽣以“哇！”来表⽰她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达⽐之更强烈的忧虑。

5. 关于正确使⽤英语能⼒下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。

学⽣的确本应该能够区分诸如 their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别 complimentary 跟complementary 之间显⽽易见的差异。

由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着⼤部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。

6. 学⽣并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语⾔误导了。

举例来说，杂货店的指⽰牌会把他们引向 stationary（静⽌处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的 stationery（⽂具⽤品）并没有被钉在那⼉。

朋友和亲⼈常宣称 They've just ate。

实际上，他们应该说 They've just eaten。

因此，批评学⽣不合乎清理。

7. 对这种缺乏语⾔功底⽽引起的负⾯指责应归咎于我们的学校。

学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更⾼的标准。

可相反，学校只教零星的语法，⾼级词汇更是少之⼜少。

还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语⾔结构⽅⾯的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。

六级文章出处

大学英语四六级阅读文章出处来源：陈杨的日志09年12月英语四级、六级考试结束，很多同学休息之后又会踏上新的备考之路。

我们一直说提高阅读水平可以看外刊，但是外刊上的文章也是浩如烟海，这里我们就以刚刚结束的1 2月大学英语四级和六级的真题为例，为大家分析一下备考英语四级和六级，应该选择外刊上什么类型的文章看比较合适。

09年12月大学英语四级真题中文章来源如下（除听力）：快速阅读：Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid 出自USA Today /news/education/2007-03-14-merit-aid_N.htm选词填空：Childhood: Fathers Influence a Child’s Language Development 出自NY Times /2006/11/14/health/14chil.html?_r=1传统阅读一：What Michelle Can Teach Us出自Newsweek/id/166857传统阅读二：A Global Headhunt出自Newsweek/id/151689/page/1完形填空：Older people's education 'neglected' 出自卫报/education/2009/jan/20/furthereducation-longtermcare09年12月英语六级真题中文章来源如下（除听力）：快速阅读：Bosses say 'yes' to home work 出自卫报/technology/2005/may/26/businesssolutionssupplement3简短回答：Driving and mobile phones : Just shut up, will you 出自经济学人/science/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12719410传统阅读一：Shortage of primary care threatens health care system 出自USA Today /oped/2008/03/shortage-of-pri.html传统阅读二：The Toxic Paradox 出自NY Times/2009/02/08/magazine/08wwln-lede-t.html?_r=1完形填空：Fast food firms taken to task after survey of street litter 出自卫报/business/2009/jan/13/fast-food-litter-mcdonalds-greggs从中我们可以看出，大学英语四六级阅读选材的外刊还是国外比较主流的媒体。

新视角设计研究生英语读说写2课文原文加翻译和课后答案解析

新视野研究生英语读说写2英语原文加翻译及课后答案1.大学课堂：还有人在听吗？Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes’s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。

他回到课堂的时候，教授毫无表情地向他点了点头。

接着令Fowkes大吃一惊的是，教授并没有按照顺序讲下一课，而是讲了后面一课。

难道他真的在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空教室讲了一课？Fowkes认为这太有可能了。

Today American colleges and universities (originally modeled on German ones) are under strong attack from many quarters. Teachers, it is charged, are not doing a good job of teaching, and students are not doing a good job of learning. American businesses and industries suffer from unenterprising, uncreative executives educated not to think for themselves but to mouth outdated truisms the rest of the world has long discarded. College graduates lack both basic skills and general culture. Studies are conducted and reports are issued on the status of higher education, but any changes that result either are largely cosmetic or make a bad situation worse.今天美国的大学（原本是以德国的大学为模型的）受到了各方面的严厉指责。

2019年考研英语一真题及答案

2019年考研英语一真题及答案2019 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题SectionⅠ Use ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points）①Today, we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps areall available on our smartphones.②1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone.③But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize.④ 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks may help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow theland.①When you find yourself 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area of land, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? ②And where is the nearest water source? ③Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.④ 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs ofpeople.①If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore yourbearings.①Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.② 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods.③Head toward these 16 to find a way out.④At night, scan the horizon for 17light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.① 18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape.②Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.1. [A] Few[B] Most[C]Some[D] All2. [A] put[B] take[C] run[D] come3. [A] Since[B] Until[C] Though[D]If4. [A] formally[B] literally[C] gradually[D] relatively5. [A] around[B] away[C]back[D]next6. [A] onto[B] along[C] across[D]off7. [A] unattractive[B] unfamiliar[C] unchanged[D] uncrowded8. [A] way[B] point[C] site[D] place9. [A] Instead[B] Yet[C] So[D] Besides10. [A] immediately[B] eventually[C] unexpectedly[D] intentionally11. [A] frightened[B] annoyed[C] surprised[D] confused12. [A] problem[B] result[C] view[D] option13. [A] Above all[B] For example[C] On average[D] In contrast14. [A] spot[B] avoid[C] bridge[D] separate15. [A] from[B] under[C] beyond[D]through16. [A] posts[B]breaks[C] shades[D] links17. [A] hidden[B] mysterious[C]artificial[D] limited18. [A] Finally[B] Consequently[C] Incidentally[D] Generally19. [A] memories[B] belongings[C] notes[D]marks20. [A] lead[B] adapt[C]restrict[D] exposeSectionⅡ ReadingComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40points)Text 1①FinancialregulatorsinBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthebossesofbigbanks.②Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. ③The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to holdbankersaccountableforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustinfinancialinstitutions.④Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making, not only by banks but by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.①“Short-termism”,orthedesireforquickprofits,hasworsenedinpubliclytradedcompanies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. ②He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.①The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. ②Transient investors, who demand highquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canhinderafirm’seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchor to build up customer loyalty. ③This has been dubbed “quarterlycapitalism”.①In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets. ②“There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week.①In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performancebonusesforseniorexecutivesbyaboutayear,slightlyhelpingreduce“short-termism.”②InitslatestsurveyofCEOpay,TheWallStreetJournal findsthat“asubstantialpart”ofexecutive pay is now tied toperformance.①Muchmorecouldbedonetoencourage“long-termism,”suchaschangesinthetaxcodeand quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. ②In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in acompany.①Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to thinkbeyondtheirowntimeatthecompanyandonbehalfofallstakeholders.②Britain’snewrule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the longterm.21.According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule isto[A]guarantee the bonuses of topexecutives.[B]enhance bankers’ sense ofresponsibility.[C]build a new system of financialregulation.[D]help corporations achieve largerprofits.22.Alfred Marshall is quoted toindicate[A]the solid structure of publicly tradedcompanies.[B]governments’ impatience indecision-making.[C]the conditions for generating quickprofits.[D]“short-termism” in economicactivities.23.It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies canbe[A]minimal.[B]indirect.[C]adverse.[D]temporary.24.The US and France examples are used toillustrate[A]the approaches to promoting“long-termism.”[B]the prevalence of short-termthinking.[C]the significance of long-termthinking.[D]the obstacles to preventing“short-termism.”25.Which of the following would be the best title for thetext?[A]Decisiveness Required of TopExecutives[B]Failure of QuarterlyCapitalism[C]Patience as a CorporateVirtue[D]Frustration of Risk-takingBankersText 2①Gradeinflation—thegradualincreaseinaverageGPAs(grade-pointaverages)overthepast fewdecades—isoftenconsideredaproductofaconsumererainhighereducation,inwhichstudents aretreatedlikecustomerstobepleased.②Butanother,relatedforce—apolicyoftenburieddeep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”—is helping raiseGPAs.①Gradeforgivenessallowsstudentstoretakeacourseinwhichtheyreceivedalowgrade,and themostrecentgradeorthehighestgradeistheonlyonethatcountsincalculatingastudent'soverall GPA.①The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates.②When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses. ③But now most colleges, save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.①Collegeofficialstendtoemphasizethatthegoalofgradeforgivenessislessaboutthegrade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduationwithoutincurringabigpenalty.②“Ultimately,”saidJackMiner,OhioStateUniversity’s registrar, “we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent courses or master the content that allows them to graduate ontime.”①That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’ own needs as well.② For public institutions, statefunds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money. ③And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill — feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges.①Indeed,gradeforgivenessisjustanotherwaythatuniversitiesarerespondingtoconsumers’expectationsforhighereducation.②Sincestudentsandparentsexpectacollegedegreetoleadtoa job,itisinthebestinterestofaschooltoturnoutgraduateswhoareasqualifiedaspossible—oratleastappeartobe.③Onthis,students’andcolleges’incentivesseemtobealigned.26.What is commonly regarded as the cause of gradeinflation?[A]Colleges’ neglect ofGPAs.[B]The influence of consumerculture.[C]Students’ indifference toGPAs.[D]The change of coursecatalogs.27.What was the original purpose of gradeforgiveness?[A]To maintain colleges’ graduationrates.[B]To increase universities’ income from tuition. [C]Toprepare graduates for a challenging future. [D]To helpfreshmen adapt to collegelearning.28.According to Paragraph 5, grade forgiveness enables collegesto[A]obtain more financialsupport.[B]improve their teaching quality. [C]boosttheir studentenrollments.[D] meet local governments’ needs.29.What does the phrase “to be aligned” (Para. 6) most probablymean?[A]To counterbalance eachother.[B]To be contradictory to eachother.[C]To be identical with each other. [D]Tocomplement eachother.30.The author examines the practice of grade forgivenessby[A]assessing itsfeasibility.[B]listing its long-runeffects.[C]comparing different views onit.[D]analyzing the causes behindit.Text 3①This year marks exactly two centuries since the publication of Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Shelley. ②Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.①Todaytherapidgrowthofartificialintelligence(AI)raisesfundamentalquestions:“Whatis intelligence, identity, or consciousness? What makes humanshumans?”①What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade scientists. ②Yet humans remain fascinated by the idea of robots that would look, move, and respond like humans, similar to those recently depicted on popular sci- fi TV series such as “Westworld” and “Humans”.①Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist. ②“We are just in a situation where there are no good theories explaining what consciousness actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.”①But that doesn’t mean crucial ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. ②The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, poses thorny ethical questions. ③Human drivers sometimes must make split-second decisions. ④Their reactions may be a complex combination of instant reflexes,inputfrompastdrivingexperiences,andwhattheireyesandearstelltheminthatmoment.⑤AI “vision” today is not nearly as sophisticated as that of humans. ⑥And to anticipate every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.①Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI. ②Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines. ③Britain is setting up a data ethics center. ④India released its AI ethics strategy this spring.①OnJune7Googlepledgednotto“designordeployAI”thatwouldcause“overallharm,”or todevelopAI-directedweaponsoruseAIforsurveillancethatwouldviolateinternationalnorms.②It also pledged not to deploy AI whose use would violate international laws or human rights.①While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point. ②So does the idea that decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair.①To put it another way: How can we make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflectshumanity’shighestvalues?②Onlythenwilltheybeusefulservantsandnot Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.31.Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein is mentioned becauseit[A]involves some concerns raised by AItoday.[B]has remained popular for as long as 200years.[C]fascinates AI scientists all over theworld.[D]has sparked serious ethicalcontroversies.32.In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge ofconsciousness[A]helps explain artificialintelligence.[B]is too limited for us to reproduceit.[C]inspires popular sci-fi TVseries.[D]can be misleading to robotmaking.33.The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomousvehicles[A]can hardly ever befound.[B]has aroused muchcuriosity.[C]is still beyond ourcapacity.[D]causes little publicconcern.34.The author’s attitude toward Google’s pledge is oneof[A]contempt.[B]skepticism.[C]respect[D]affirmation35.Which of the following would be the best title for thetext?[A]The Conscience of AI: Complex ButInevitable[B]Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age ofAI[C]AI’s Future: In the Hands of TechGiants[D]AI Shall Be Killers Once Out ofControlText 4①States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states.①TheSupremeCourt’sopinionThursdayoverruledapairofdecades-olddecisionsthatstates said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. ②The decisions made it more difficult for states to collect sales tax on certain onlinepurchases.①Thecasesthecourtoverturnedsaidthatifabusinesswasshippingacustomer’spurchaseto astatewherethebusinessdidn’thaveaphysicalpresencesuchasawarehouseoroffice,thebusinessdidn’thavetocollectsalestaxforthestate.②Customersweregenerallyresponsibleforpayingthe sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and fewpaid.①Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote that the previous decisions were flawed. ②“Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenuelossestothestates,”hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.③Kennedywrote that the rule “limitedstates’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playingfield.”①The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already. ②Now, rivals will be charging sales tax where they hadn’t before. ③Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to. ④, with its network of warehouses, also collects sales tax in every state that charges it, though third-party sellers whouse the site don’t have to.①Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to addresses outside those states.②Sellers that use eBay and Etsy, which provide platforms for smaller sellers, also haven’t been collectingsalestaxnationwide.③UndertherulingThursday,statescanpasslawsrequiringout-of- state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state.①Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses.②The losers, said retail analyst Neil Saunders, are online-only retailers, especiallysmaller ones. ③Those retailers may face headaches complying with various state sales tax laws.④The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.”36.The Supreme Court decision Thursdaywill[A]put most online businesses in adilemma.[B]force some states to cut salestax.[C]make more online shoppers pay salestax.[D]better businesses’ relations withstates.37.It can be learned from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the overruleddecisions[A]were widely criticized by onlinepurchasers.[B]have cost consumers a lot over theyears.[C]have led to the dominance ofe-commerce.[D]were considered unfavorable bystates.38.According to Justice Anthony Kennedy, the physical presence rulehas[A]hindered economicdevelopment.[B]harmed fair marketcompetition.[C]boosted growth in states’revenue.[D]brought prosperity to thecountry.39.Who are most likely to welcome the Supreme Courtruling?[A]Big-chainowners.[B]Third-partysellers.[C]Internet entrepreneurs.[D]Small retailers.40.In dealing with the Supreme Court decision Thursday, theauthor[A]presents its main points with conflicting views onthem.[B]gives a factual account of it and discusses itsconsequences.[C]cites some cases related to it and analyzes theirimplications.[D]describes the long and complicated process of itsmaking.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraph C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) A.These tools can help you win every argument—not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about the issues that divide people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments—from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain mutual respect and understanding—then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.B.Inhis1936work HowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:“Thereisonly one way…to get the best of an argument—and that is to avoid it.” This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives—and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the firstplace.C.Noneofthesewillbeeasy,butyoucanstartevenifothersrefuseto.Nexttimeyoustateyourposition, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. Next time you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view. Spell out their argument fully and charitably. Assess its strength impartially. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies.D.Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponentsandtoapplythesamecriticalstandardstoourselves.Humilityrequiresyoutorecognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the oppositeside.E.Thereisabetterwaytowinarguments.Imaginethatyoufavorincreasingtheminimumwageinourstate,andIdonot.Ifyouyell,“Yes,”andIyell.“No,”neitherofuslearnsanything.Weneither understandnorrespecteachother,andwehavenobasisforcompromiseorcooperation.Incontrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full-time workers should not have to live in poverty. ThenIcounterwithanotherreasonableargument:thatahigherminimumwagewillforcebusinesses toemployfewerpeopleforlesstime.Nowwecanunderstandeachother’spositionsandrecognize our shared values, since we both care about needyworkers.F.These views of arguments also undermine reason. If you see a conversation as a fight or competition,youcanwinbycheatingaslongasyoudon’tgetcaught.Youwillbehappytoconvince people with bad arguments. You can call their views stupid, or joke about how ignorant they are. Noneofthesetrickswillhelpyouunderstandthem,theirpositionsortheissuesthatdivideyou,but they can help you win —in oneway.G.Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions—like,say,tennisgames.Parisofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinneremergesfrom all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking is why so many people try to avoid arguments, especially about politics andreligion.41. →42. →F→43. →44. →C→45.Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 timesmorelikely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a greatdeal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and thelay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms.Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”,publishedontheRoyalSociety’sopensciencewebsite,attemptstoanswerthisintriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary processatwork: (47)nowadaysanyoneapplyingforaresearchposthastohavepublishedtwicethenumber of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count thenumber.(48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate somemeasureofqualityaswellasquantityintotheassessmentofanapplicant’spapers.Thisisthe famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours.Boiling down an individual’s output to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journalimpacts,entailsconsiderablesavingsintime,energyandambiguity.Unfortunately,thelong-termcostsofusingsimplequantitativemetricstoassessresearchermeritarelikelytobequitegreat.(50)Ifweareseriousaboutensuringthatourscienceisbothmeaningfulandreproducible,wemust ensure that our institutions encourage that kind ofscience.SectionIII WritingPart A51.Directions:Suppose you are working for the “Aiding Rural Primary School” project of your university. Write an email to answer the inquiry from an international student volunteer, specifying the details of the project.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should1)describe the picturebriefly,2)interpret the implied meaning,and3)give yourcomments.Write your answer on theANSWER SHEET. (20points)2019年英语（⼀）试题参考答案Section I Use of English1.A. Few2.C. run3.D. If4.B. literally5.C. back6.D. off7.B. unfamiliar8.A. way9.C. So10.B. eventually11.C. surprised12.D. option13.B. For example14.A. spot15.D. through16.B. breaks17.C. artificial18.A. Finally19.D. marks20.A. leadPart ASection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionText121.B. enhance bankers’ sense of responsibility.22.D. “short-termism” in economic activities.23.C. adverse.24.A. the approaches to promoting “long-termism.”25.C. Patience as a Corporate Virtue26.B. The influence of consumer culture.Text227.D. To help freshmen adapt to college learning.28.A. obtain more financial support.29.C. To be identical with each other.30.D. analyzing the causes behind it.Text331.A. involves some concerns raised by AI today.32.B. is too limited for us to reproduce it.33.C. is still beyond our capacity.34.D. affirmation35.A. The Conscience of AI: Complex But InevitableText4 36.C. make more online shoppers pay sales tax.37.D. were considered unfavorable by states.38.B. harmed fair market competition.39.A. Big-chain owners.40.B. gives a factual account of it and discusses its consequences.Part B41. B. In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “There is only one way…to get the best of an argument—and that is to avoid it.” This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives—and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.42. G. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions—like, say, tennis games. Paris of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner emerges from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking is why so many people try to avoid arguments, especially about politics and religion.43. E. There is a better way to win arguments. Imagine that you favor increasing the minimum wage in our state, and I do not. If you yell, “Yes,” and I yell. “No,” neither of us learns anything. We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation. In contrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full- time workers should not have to live in poverty. Then I counter with another reasonable argument: that a higher minimum wage will force businesses to employ fewer people for less time. Now we can understand each other’s positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.44. D. Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponents and to apply the same critical standards to ourselves. Humility requires you to recognize weaknesses in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.45. A. These tools can help you win every argument—not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about the issues that divide people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments—from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain mutual respect and understanding—then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.Part C46. 医学期刊中充斥着这类⽆稽之谈，这些东西⼀经⼴播和⾮专业报刊传播，就会引起健康⽅⾯的恐慌和对某些饮⻝的短暂追捧。

2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期终调研测试一模英语试卷

2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期终调研测试一模英语试卷一、短对话1．A．In a coffee shop. B．On a farm.C．In a furniture store. D．In a theatre.2．A．Cleaning a house. B．Finding things in the house.C．Living a simple life. D．Doing housework efficiently.3．A．Calming the woman down. B．Playing bridge.C．Reading a book. D．Reflecting on himself.4．A．The man recommends people to speak the same language.B．The woman thinks it unnecessary to save dying languages.C．The woman admires those devoted to preserving dying languages.D．The man appeals for more action to be taken to protect dying languages.5．A．He has realized his own problem.B．The woman is sure to get a second job.C．He disagrees with the woman’s comments.D．The woman should care more about money.6．A．She has many friends to text.B．She can’t focus her mind on study.C．She can’t make long speeches.D．She has many classes to attend.7．A．Enjoy her college life. B．Put off hard assignments.C．Set a post-college goal. D．Ease academic pressure.8．A．It makes no sense. B．It needs training.C．It can’t solve her problem.D．It is worth trying.9．A．She is a music lover. B．She is good at asking questions. C．She prefers art to sports. D．She knows Brazilians well. 10．A．The specials are the man’s best choice.B．She is fully confident of the quality-steak.C．Her house is a suitable place for having steak.D．The man should find by himself the nicest wine.二、长对话听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

英语作文关于大学生如何利用人工智能利弊

英语作文关于大学生如何利用人工智能利弊全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1How University Students Can Use Artificial Intelligence - The Good and the BadHi! My name is Tommy and I'm going to tell you about artificial intelligence (AI) and how university students can use it. AI is really cool technology that can do lots of amazing things like talk, answer questions, make pictures and even write essays like this one!The Good Things About AI for University StudentsAI can really help university students in so many ways. One awesome way is that it can explain hard concepts to you in a simple way you can understand. If you don't get something in your physics or math class, you can just ask the AI for help and it will break it down for you step-by-step. No more being confused!Another cool use for AI is that it can check your work for mistakes. You can have the AI read your essays or math problems to make sure you didn't make any silly errors. The AIcan point out where you went wrong so you can fix it before handing in your assignments. Getting good grades will be a breeze with AI!Do you ever feel stuck when writing an essay or story? AI can totally help with that too! You can describe the topic to the AI and it will give you lots of ideas to get started. Or if you get writer's block halfway through, the AI can suggest what to write next. Writing will be so much easier.AI can also just straight up write the whole essay for you if you want! You tell it the topic and it will write a great essay in just minutes. No more staying up late stressing over getting your essay done on time. The AI will do all the hard work for you! Isn't that amazing?There are so many other ways university students can use AI to make their lives easier too. They can ask the AI for help studying for tests by quizzing them with practice questions. Or they can have the AI explain confusing textbook chapters. Heck, the AI can even code their computer programs for them if they get stuck!The Bad Things About AI for University StudentsAs awesome as AI is, there are some not-so-good things about university students using it too. One big problem is that it could lead to cheating. Having the AI write essays or do assignments for you is considered cheating because it's not your own original work. You could get in big trouble if you get caught!Another issue is that by relying too much on AI, you might not actually learn the material properly yourself. Sure, the AI can explain things in an easy way at first. But to really understand tough concepts, you need to put in the hard work of practicing and going through examples on your own. Just having the AI do everything for you is like taking a shortcut where you miss out on building up your own skills.There's also a chance that the AI could make mistakes or give you incorrect information, especially for really complex topics. The AI is just a machine crunching data, it doesn't have a true understanding like human experts do. You could end up learning the wrong things if you blindly trust the AI without fact-checking its responses.Furthermore, AI systems can potentially be hacked or fed incorrect data on purpose to make them give bad responses. Malicious folks could make the AI syscloud your judgment or try to persuade you of false ideas. You have to be careful aboutwhich AI systems you use and make sure they are secure and reliable.Lastly, while AI is super smart, there are still lots of things that require human judgment, creativity and emotional intelligence that AI can't do. Humans are unique! By relying entirely on AI, you might miss out on developing important human skills like critical thinking, problem-solving, and expressing yourself creatively.The Bottom LineOverall, I think AI can be an incredibly powerful tool for university students if used correctly. It can tutor you, check your work, help you write, and make your life so much easier in general. But you have to be careful not to depend on it too much or use it for cheating. Lean on the AI for assistance, but don't let it do all the heavy lifting for you or you'll miss out on learning properly.Like most things in life, AI should be used in moderation and with good judgment. Use it as a helpful aid, but don't let it make you lazy or replace your own hard work. If university students can find the right balance, AI could make getting an education more efficient and enriching!That's my take on the pros and cons of AI for university students. Let me know if you have any other questions! Okay, time for me to go play some video games. Later!篇2AI Is Cool But Also Kinda ScaryHi everyone! My name is Jamie and I'm a 4th grader. Today I want to talk to you about artificial intelligence, or AI for short. AI is really neat technology that can do all sorts of cool things, but it also has some downsides we need to watch out for. Let me explain what I mean.What Is AI?First off, what even is AI? AI refers to computer systems that can kinda think and learn like humans. We're not talking about dumb programs that just follow instructions. AI can look at information, figure stuff out on its own, and even get smarter over time!AI is already being used in lots of ways. Some examples are:Virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa that can understand your voice and answer questionsFacial recognition to unlock your phone by scanning your faceSuggestions for songs or movies you might like based on your interestsAutomatic translations between different languagesPretty awesome, right? AI makes technology way more helpful and intuitive. But AI isn't just for fun stuff - it's also being used for really important tasks that can make the world better.How College Kids Use AISo how are college students taking advantage of this amazing AI tech? There are a bunch of ways, but some of the biggest are:Research and WritingFor any kind of research paper or essay, AI can help college kids out a ton. AI systems can scan through huge amounts of information and data much faster than any human. They can then help summarize the key points, come up with insights, and even generate rough drafts of written material.Learning and TutoringAI tutors and learning assistants can provide personalized lessons and feedback based on each student's needs. The AI analyzes where the student is struggling and what learning style works best for them. Some universities are even using AI for grading essays and tests!Time ManagementLots of college kids use AI virtual assistants and planners to help organize their busy schedules with classes, activities, work, and social life. The AI keeps everything straight and sends reminders so students don't forget important deadlines.Mental HealthInteresting fact - some colleges have AI chatbots that act as emotional support companions. Students can have friendly conversations with the AI any time they feel lonely, stressed, or just need someone to listen.The Pros and ConsClearly, AI offers a lot of awesome capabilities that can make college easier and more effective. But AI isn't perfect - there are also some risks and downsides to consider:Pros of Using AI:Saves tons of time on tasks like research, writing, scheduling etc.Personalized learning and tutoring at your own paceAssistance for students with disabilities or mental health needsUnlimited patience and availability (no need to bother human tutors at 2am!)Cons of Using AI:AI may reinforce biases and inaccuracies in its training dataOver-reliance on AI could undermine critical thinking skillsAI writing could enable more cheating and plagiarismAI systems are still not 100% reliable or error-proofSome AI techniques may violate privacy and data rightsMy ThoughtsPersonally, I think AI has way more pros than cons for college kids when it's used responsibly. The time-savings, personalization, and accessibility benefits are just too huge to ignore. AI isn't magic though - it still has flaws and shouldn't be treated as infallible.College students should use AI as a tool to support and enhance their capabilities, not as a full replacement for human effort. For example, it's awesome to use AI to help generate an outline or first draft for an essay. But students still need to think critically, fact-check everything the AI provides, and put in the hard work of revising and finalizing it themselves.AI should make completing important tasks more efficient, but not by taking shortcuts or cheating. Students should understand how their AI tools work so they can apply them appropriately without blindly accepting the outputs.The Futuristic Fun StuffOkay, let me switch gears and talk about some of the mindblowingly cool AI tech that could become a reality in the not-too-distant future:Holographic AI tutors and teaching assistants that are virtually indistinguishable from real peopleAI-Generated virtual reality scenarios for experiential learning (like going back in time to experience key historical events!)Devices that can automatically translate conversations in real-time between any languagesAI systems that can scan your brainwaves to optimize studying and learning efficiency just for youWild, huh? I for one can't wait to see what sorts of crazy AI advancements are in store. Just imagine having an AI tutor that can shapeshift into any kind of teacher you want: a friendly puppy one minute, Albert Einstein the next! Or editing your term paper in a beautiful virtual library that looks just like the ancient halls of Alexandria. So cool.The Future ResponsibilitiesBut with incredible AI capabilities comes incredible responsibility (I may have stole that line from a movie...). Here are some key things I think college students will need to watch out for as AI gets even more advanced and ubiquitous:Don't lose sight of ethics and critical thinking. Just because an output comes from an AI doesn't make it automatically good or correct. Students must apply rigorous analysis and ensure AI aligns with ethical principles.Uphold academic integrity. Using AI for outlining, drafting, citation management etc. is great. But directly submittingAI-generated work as your own is cheating, plain and simple. Colleges and professors need clear guidelines.Protect personal data and privacy. The more advanced AI gets, the more it could potentially be exploited in creepy ways that violate people's privacy and rights. Strict rules are needed.Watch out for AI-generated misinformation and fake content. It's already getting really hard to distinguishAI-generated text, images, videos etc. from real ones. Being able to separate fact from fiction is crucial.Don't become overly dependent on AI abilities. Yes, AI can automate lots of tasks. But humans still need to maintain core skills and self-sufficiency in key areas. Over-reliance on AI could be risky.The Future Is Exciting!Well, that's my two cents on the awesome world of AI and how it can help college kids now and in the years ahead. I'm feeling pretty lucky to be growing up in such an amazing era of technological progress.AI isn't something to be scared of as long as it's developed and used responsibly. Like any very powerful tool, we just have to be smart and thoughtful about setting the right boundaries and priorities. Used properly, AI could hugely boost education, accessibility, and human potential.I hope I've helped explain AI in a fun, easy-to-understand way. Let me know if you have any other questions! For now, I've got to go practice coding my new robot puppy friend. See ya!篇3AI Helpers or AI Headaches? The Good and Bad of AI for College KidsHi there! My name is Tommy and I'm in 5th grade. My big sister Sam is a college student and she uses artificial intelligence (AI) a lot for her schoolwork. AI is like really smart computer programs that can do all sorts of cool things like answer questions, write stories, and even code!Sam says AI has been a huge help for her in college, but she also has some worries about using it too much. I want to share the good things and bad things about AI from what Sam has told me.The Good Things About AI:AI is really fast at research and writing papers. Sam uses AI to quickly find information on topics for her essays and projects. The AI summarizes all the key details so she doesn't have to read a zillion websites and books. Then it can actually write a first draft of her paper using that research! Of course, Sam has to gothrough and edit and add her own thoughts, but the AI gives her a big head start.AI explains tough concepts really well. Some of Sam's classes are super hard with complicated theories and formulas. When she gets stuck, she can ask the AI to break it down in a way she understands. The AI is patient and will rephrase things over and over until the lightbulb goes off for Sam.AI checks Sam's work for mistakes. Whether it's coding for her computer science class or writing an English paper, Sam has the AI double check her work before submitting it. The AI catches spelling and grammar errors, buggy code, or if she missed an important step in solving a math problem.AI is available 24/7 to help. Us humans need our sleep, but AI doesn't! So if Sam is up late night working on an assignment, the AI assistant is still wide awake to help her with anything she needs.AI tools are usually free or cheap for students. There are lots of awesome AI tools and apps that have free versions for students or discount pricing. So Sam doesn't have to spend a ton of money to get AI academic help.The Bad Things About AI:AI can make mistakes or give wrong information. As smart as AI is, it's not perfect. Sometimes it gets facts wrong, has bugs that make coding errors, or just completely misunderstands what Sam is asking. Sam has to double check everything the AI tells her.AI can promote cheating and plagiarism. This is one of Sam's biggest worries. Some students just copy and paste whatever the AI writes instead of using their own words and thoughts. That's cheating! Or they put their name on something the AI created from scratch. Also cheating!Overrelying on AI could mean Sam doesn't learn as much. If Sam just has the AI do most of her work for her without trying herself first, she might not actually learn and understand the material as well. The point of college is to grow her own knowledge and skills.Job worries about AI replacing humans. Looking far ahead, what if AI gets so advanced it can do Sam's future job better than humans? She's worried about AI making some careers obsolete and leaving humans out of work one day.AI privacy and data concerns. To work well, AI needs tons of data about you - like your search history, essays you've written, and more. That means companies have access to your privateinfo. Some people think the data-hungry AI companies are getting too powerful.So as you can see, there are some really awesome ways AI assists college students like my sis Sam. But there are also legit downsides and risks to be aware of when using AI for academics.Sam feels overall AI is more helper than headache at this point. She just has to be really careful about using AI tools responsibly and ethically. AI doesn't make humans obsolete - we still need to direct the AI and use our own smarts!What do you think about AI? Would you want an AI assistant to help you with schoolwork when you're older? Make sure you don't abuse the awesome AI powers for cheating! Use them wisely to work smarter, not harder. Okay, gotta go, bye!篇4Title: AI Helpers or AI Headaches? The Good and Bad of AI for College KidsHi there! Today I want to talk to you about something pretty cool but also a little confusing - artificial intelligence or "AI" for short. AI is like really smart computer programs that can do all sorts of amazing things. But just like anything else, AI has somegood points and some not-so-good points, especially for college students like your older brothers or sisters.The Good Stuff About AIOne of the best things about AI is that it can help college kids learn and study more easily. You know how sometimes you get stuck on a tough math problem or can't figure out the answer to a question for your homework? Well, AI programs can actually understand what you're asking and help explain things in a way that makes sense. It's like having a super smart tutor available 24/7!AI can also make writing papers and essays way easier. Instead of stressing out and staring at a blank page for hours, you can just ask the AI to help you get started or to check over your work. The AI doesn't just mindlessly copy from somewhere else like that's cheating. It understands the topic and can put things into its own words in a way that makes sense.Another cool use of AI is for coding and computer programming. College kids learning about tech and computers have to write tons of code, and AI coding assistants can spot mistakes, suggest improvements, and even write chunks of code for you. It's like having an expert programmer following you around campus!The Not-So-Good StuffWhile AI can be an amazing tool, there are some downsides to keep in mind too. One of the biggest problems is that we sometimes rely too much on AI and don't think for ourselves. If you always let the AI just give you answers, you'll never build up your own skills and problem-solving abilities. College is all about learning how to learn, not just absorbing information.There's also an issue of fairness. The companies that create AI need huge amounts of data to train their systems, and that data can be biased in ways that make the AI itself biased. An AI grader used for essays or tests might mark down certain groups of students unfairly based on their writing style or background.Lastly, while AI is super clever, it doesn't actually understand things the same way humans do. An AI might be able to tell you facts about history or science, but it doesn't really "get" the deeper meanings, contexts, and implications the way a person would. Relying too much on AI could make us a bit robotic ourselves!The Right BalanceSo as you can see, AI isn't just all good or all bad when it comes to college life. Like most things, it's important to find theright balance. AI assistants should be used as tools to support your learning, not replacements for your own hard work. They can give you a helpful push, but you still have to put in the effort.It's also crucial to think critically about AI and not just accept whatever it tells you. Check its work, look for biases or mistakes, and make sure you really understand the reasoning. Treat AI like a super-smart friend giving you advice - consider what it says, but don't just blindly follow it.At the end of the day, AI is here to stay and will probably only get smarter and more useful as time goes on. But us humans need to be in charge and use our amazing natural intelligence too. If we can strike that balance, AI can give us a boost on our journey through college and life. Just don't let the robots take over completely - they're helpers, not replacements for our incredible human minds!What do you think about using AI in school? I'd love to hear your thoughts! Just remember robots can't give you big gentle hugs like your family can. At least not yet...maybe the hugging robot is still a few years away!篇5Here's an essay about the pros and cons of using artificial intelligence for college students, written in English with a tone suitable for elementary school students. The length is approximately 2,000 words.Title: AI: A Helpful Buddy or a Tricky Troublemaker for College Kids?Hi there, friends! Today, I'm going to talk about something super cool and a little bit weird called "artificial intelligence" or "AI" for short. AI is like a really smart computer program that can do all sorts of amazing things, kinda like a robot but without a physical body.You know how we have to study hard, do our homework, and write essays in college? Well, AI can help us with all of those things! It's like having a super-smart assistant that never gets tired and can work on our assignments with us day and night.For example, let's say you're stuck on a math problem and you just can't figure it out no matter how hard you try. You could ask an AI to help you, and it would walk you through the steps and explain everything in a way that's easy to understand. How awesome is that?Or maybe you're working on a big research paper and you need to find a lot of information on a certain topic. AI can quickly search through millions of books, websites, and other sources to find exactly what you need. It can even help you organize all that information and make sense of it.But AI isn't just good for homework and studying. It can also be a lot of fun! Some AI programs can create art, write stories, or even play games with you. You could spend hours chatting with an AI and having all sorts of silly or deep conversations.Now, I know what you're thinking: "Wow, AI sounds too good to be true! What's the catch?" Well, you're right to be a little bit skeptical, because AI does have some downsides that we need to be careful about.You see, AI is really good at doing what it's told to do, but it doesn't always understand the context or the bigger picture. So, if you ask an AI to help you with an essay, it might give you a really well-written and informative essay, but it might also include some incorrect or misleading information if it doesn't fully understand the topic.And that's not all! Some people are worried that if we rely too much on AI, we might start getting lazy and stop learningthings for ourselves. After all, why bother studying hard if an AI can just do all the work for you?There's also a chance that AI could be used for not-so-nice things, like spreading fake news or trying to trick people. And if AI gets too smart and too powerful, it might even start making decisions that could hurt people without meaning to.So, what's the verdict? Is AI a helpful buddy or a tricky troublemaker for college kids like us?Well, like most things in life, the answer is: it depends! AI can be an amazing tool that makes our lives easier and helps us learn and grow. But we have to be careful not to rely on it too much or let it make all of our decisions for us.The best thing to do is to use AI as a helper and a guide, but not as a replacement for our own hard work and critical thinking. We should always double-check the information we get from AI and use our own brains to make sure it's accurate and appropriate.And who knows, maybe one day we'll even be able to create our own AI programs and teach them all sorts of cool things! But for now, let's just focus on using AI responsibly and having fun with it while we learn and grow.So, what do you think? Are you excited to start using AI in your college life, or are you a little bit worried about it? Either way, I'm sure we can figure out how to make the most of this amazing technology while still staying smart and safe.Thanks for reading, and happy learning!。

英语听说原文

Unit 1ⅡBasic listening practice1.ScriptW: Have you chosen your electives for next semester yet？Are you taking French writing again?M: Yes, I am, but it’s compulsory for us next semester. So I think I’m going to take marketing as an elective instead.Q: Which class will the man chosen as his elective?C) Marketing2. ScriptM: Did you go to that business strategy lecture on Friday? I missed it and need to copy your notes.W: I’d say you could borrow my notes, but Sarah has got them. Be careful not to miss Professor Brown’s lecture. He takes attendance in that.Q: What does the woman tell the man?D) She can’t lend him her notes right now and he’d better attend the lecture.3. ScriptM: Wow, Steven! In the library! What brings you here?W: I’m enjoying the view. All the girls in fashion design are here preparing for an exam on Monday.Q: Why is the man in the library?B) To look at pretty girls.4. ScriptW: How’s your group doing with this statistics presentation? Mine’s doing a terrible job.M: Yeah, mine too. David and Mike are OK, but Steven doesn’t pull his weigh and Susan’s never around. I don’t see how we can pass unless Steven and Susan realize that this is their last chance.Q: What is true of Steven and Susan?D) Neither works hard.5. ScriptW: You took an MBA at Harvard Business School, didn’t you? What’s it like?M: It’s expensive, about US$40,000 a year, plus the cost of food and housing. But the teaching in first-class. The professors have a lot of practical experience. They use the case system of teaching, that is, you study how actual businesses grew or failed.Q: Why is the MBA teaching in Harvard Business School first-class?A) The teaching is very practical.ⅢListening inScript(Voice-over: Harrison meets Jenny before the first class.)Harrison: I’m Harrison. Good to meet you.Jenny: Good to meet you. I’m Jenny.Harrison: So, you’ve bought the books for this biology class.Jenny: Yeah, I think everyone had to before class started.Harrison: No. Usually no one does much on the first day because it’s still’ add-drop. Jenny: What’s that?Harrison: Changing from class to class to find out which is best.Jenny: Have you had this teacher before? I’ve heard he is really good.Harrison: He’s good if you’re a hard worker. He expects a lot.Jenny:Oh, I guess that’s good. I hope I can keep up everyone else in the class. Maybe I need your help after class.Harrison: You’re welcome.(Voice-over: Jenny catches up with Harrison after the first class.)Jenny: Harrison, wait up!Harrison: So what do you think of the professor’s lecture?Jenny: I think about half of what he said went over my head.Harrison: Don’t worry. A lot of what he said is explained in the reading.Jenny: Hey, would you mind if I borrowed your notes tonight to look them over. Harrison: No problem. We don’t have class until Wednesday. Here you go. Jenny: Thanks. I just want to make sure I’m prepared for the seminar.Harrison: Yeah. Participation in the discussion is an important part of the education here.Task2 How to select elective coursesScriptConsider these tips on elective courses and you’ll choose those that will serve you best.To begin with, you should select the courses that fit you profession. It is a good idea to choose elective courses closely related to your chosen profession .Potential employers will appreciate every bit of extra training and knowledge that they don’t have to give you. For example, you may select elective courses in chemistry, biology or even physics if you are doing a science major. For business majors, select electives in accounting, business administration, and even computing, as you’ll never know when these will come in handy in the corporate world.Moreover, you can choose an education that includes many field of study. If you are taking a heavy load of career-related courses, you may prefer electives that are not directly related to your major. If you receive a well-rounded education, some employers believe that you have better potential. For example, if you have courses inscience along with your business degree, you could possibly win a job over someone who majored purely in business with no outside electives.Finally, you can also select a challenging elective course. Part of getting an education is learning how to learn, and elective courses help you achieve this goal. You need not to memorize all the information from each class, but you should get a better understanding of the world. So, pick elective courses that challenge your belief system and make you look at the world in a different way. For instance, you can consider philosophy elective if you have been told that you are a little narrow-minded. Task3 How to get straight A’s?ScriptIt is interesting to note how straight A students achieve academic excellence. Here, according to educational experts and students themselves, are the secrets of super-achievers.First, they know how to set priorities. Top students allow no intrusions on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is turned on, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, snacks ignored. Study is business, and business comes before recreation.Also, good students can study anywhere and everywhere. Claudia Hill, an Arizona State University business professor recalls a runner who worked out every day. Hill persuaded him to use his spare time to memorize biology terms. Then he posted a list of biology terms on the mirror in the bathroom. He learned a few terms every day while brushing his teeth. Eventually, he scored high on the final examination. Moreover, top students schedule their time well. Study time is strictly a matter of personal preference. Some work late at night when the house is quiet. Others get up early. Still others study as soon as they come home from school when the work is fresh in their minds. All agreed, however, on the need for consistency. One student said, “Whatever I was doing, I maintained a certain period of time every day for studying.”Another important characteristic of super-achievers is that they know hoe to read, According to a book entitled Getting Straight A’s, the secret of good reading is to be “an active reader-one who continually asks questions that lead to a full understanding of the author’s message”.1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about super—achievers starting tostudy?B) They won’t play computer games2.What did the runner do to score high in the exam?C) He used his spare time to memorize new terms.3.What is the thing all top students agree on?D) Having a certain period of time every day for study4.What does the speaker mean by “an active reader”?A) One who likes asking questions for a full understanding.5.What is the main idea of the passage?D) Secrets of successful students.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Problem with our educational systemScriptHi, everybody. My topic today is “Problems with our educational s ystem”.I disagree on a lot of the ways that things have happened for a long time in our educational system. It seems that educators just want to give standardized tests, which focus only on academic performance and neglect students’ abilities and interest in other areas. I think there are a lot of people who are very intelligent, but haven’t had the opportunities they could have had if they had learned in a broader-minded educational system. I feel that a lot of courses that students are required to take in high school are too academic, and, as a result, many kids have lost their interest in learning.Educators often fail to recognize various kinds of intelligence. They simply exert a lot of pressure on students to be as well-rounded as possible. I think being well-rounded isn’t really possible. And as a consequence, some students I believe to be intelligent can’t get into good colleges if they, you know, haven’t scored well on the math section, even if they are brilliant writers.Another thing that disturbs me is that the so-called weak students are separated from the rest of the school. Some kids are kept in a separate class if their grades are lower than others’. And they’ve very aware of their social position, you know. I think it causes them to act in a way that is not really positive. They’re just acting in a way that they are expected. Often their grades go from bad to worse. And that’s pretty sad I think that many of the kids in those classed are intelligent, but they never actually realize their potential because of the way they are treated early on in their education. Task2: The final examScript and keyAt a university, there were four sophomores taking a chemistry (S1) course. They were doing so well on all the (S3) quizzes, midterms, labs, etc. that each had “A” so far for the (S3) semester.These four friends were so (S4) confident that on the weekend before finals, they decided to go up to the University of Virginia and (S5) party with some friends there. They had a great time and didn’t (S6) make it back to school until early Monday morning.Rather than taking the final then, they decided to find their professor after the final exam and explain to him why they (S7) missed it. They explained that they had planned to come back in time for the final exam, but, unfortunately, (S8) they had a flat tire on the way back and didn’t have a spare. As a result, they missed the final. The professor thought it over and then agreed they could make up the final thefollowing day. The guys were relieved and elated. The next day, the professor (S9) placed them in separate rooms, handed each of them a paper, and told them to begin. They looked at the first problem, worth five points. It was a simple question on a chemical reaction. “Cool,”they thought at the same time, each one in his separate room, “this is going to be easy.” Each finished the problem and then turned the page. (S10)On the second page was a question worth 95 points: “Which of the tires was flat?”Unit 2II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM: Now we have satellite and high-powered microscopes, it’s easy to think we know everything about the world; but we still don’t understand EI Nino.W: Right. Even the scientists are uncertain about the exact cause of the warm Pacific current that brings storms or drought—the mysterious EI Nino.Q: Which of the following is true according to the conversation?B) Even scientists cannot understand EI Nino.2. ScriptM:Everyone is talking about environmental problem: acid rain, greenhouse effect, holes in the ozone layer. We should think positively. What can we do to improve things?W:I agree. We could do a lot more to harness the sun’s energy for heating and lighting in our homes. Millions of solar roofs are now emerging in Japan, the U.S., Italy, and Germany.Q: How do the man and the woman view the environment?D) Both the man and woman think positively about it.3. ScriptW: We lived in Beijing some years ago. It was always difficult to keep the house clean with the wind from the north blowing sand from the desert.M: That’s why the Chinese government has been encouraging people to plant trees along the edges of the Gobi Desert. Now those trees act as wind barriers.Q: What have the Chinese people been encouraged to do?A) To grow trees.4. ScriptM: Many old refrigerators and cars are environmental hazards because they contain CFCs that destroy the ozone layer.W:Yes, but government organizations are helping people to safely dispose of old refrigerators or, in the case of cars, to upgrade their air conditioning.Q: What are government organizations helping people to do?A) To treat old electrical appliances safely.5. ScriptM: Hey. T hat’s an aerosol spray you’re using on your hair! Build a bomb or set fire to the apartment to kill us quickly instead of making holes in the ozone, so we die of cancer.W: Cool it. This spray doesn’t contain CFCs. And you’d better read a little more.Q: What does the man mean?C) The woman should not use an aerosol spray.III. Listening InTask 1: We should have proper respect for nature! ScriptMartha: Do you think most people in your culture respect nature?Ed:I think so. Um… more now than before.Martha: What do you think is the most serious environment problem in the world today?Ed: Today…I think damage to the ozone layer is a big problem, and another problem is pollution in big cities and things like that.Martha: How do you learn about environmental problems?Ed: Um…through school. A lot of clubs promote environmental safely, and some TV programs, too. They talk about environmental safely and stufflike that.Martha:Do you think students should learn more about the environment at school? Ed: I think so. So, as they grow older, they can be more aware of all the problems that are going on, and prevent more problems from occurring. Martha: If you could create a new law to help the environment, what would it be? Ed: A new law for the environment? Um…I’d probably say that when people throw away their cigarette butts, they have to throw them into the garbagebin, not just throw them everywhere because it’s just littering and I hatethat. So they should be fined if they throw them on the floor on the ground. Martha:That’s a good idea. What do you personally do to help protect the environment?Ed: I’ m so against littering. I never litter. If I see somebody litter, I get really angry. So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin.Task 2: River pollutionScriptIf you see dead fish floating on the river or notice that the water is discolored and smelly, you know the river has been polluted, and there are four main possible causes for it.First, fertilize. If large amount of fertilize or farm waste drain into a river, the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in the water increase considerably. Algae use these substances to grow rapidly, turning the water green. This massive growth of algae leads to pollution. When the algae die, they are broken down by the action of the bacteria, which quickly multiply, using up all the oxygen in the water and therefore causing the death of fish.Second, industrial waste. Factories sometimes discharge chemical waste into rivers. Examples of such pollutants include cyanide, lead, copper, and mercury. These substances may enter the river in such high concentrations that fish and other animals are killed immediately. Sometimes the pollutions enter the food chain and accumulate until they reach toxic levels, eventually killing fish and other animals.Third, oil pollution. If oil enters a slow-moving river, it forms a rainbow-colored film over the entire surface, preventing oxygen from entering the water.Fourth, warm water. Industry often uses water for cooling processes, sometimes discharging large quantities of warm water back into rivers. A higher temperature of the water lowers the level of dissolved oxygen and upsets the balance of life in the water.V. Let’s TalkScriptMan: Well, it’s aspirational language which is nice and lovely and fluffy, but doesn’t really actually commit anyone to doing anything, and so it’s reallyhard to take to the bank. I mean, people’s lives are on the line in thedeveloping world where we are seeing the impacts felt first and foremost.And obviously the atmosphere simply can’t take the kind of emissionswe’ve been seeing in the business-as-usual scenario and there’s no realcommitment to change that. There’s no real commitment to put seriousmoney on the table and that’s a big problem.[On-screen text: Wind Farm]This is a great photo op for all the world leaders, but if it’s not backed byaction, it really doesn’t mean much at the end of the day.Woman: What’s in there is very disappointing. It does not constitute a …a deal. It’s a hollow shell that will need to be filled in, and it has some numbers, it talksabout trying to avoid degrees. That’s the same language that the G8 usedlast July. But it lacks anything on emissions cuts as yet that would guaranteethat we’re actually on the, on track to get there. And the financingcommitments…there is a mention of a 100-billion-dollar figure and theattempt to raise or mobilise that level of resources, but there’s no guaranteethat there will be new money, that the money will be real, there’s actually acommitment to get there, or that it will be channeled in new ways, as yet. VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: The environment and the developmentScriptLi: Hi Professor Wang, I’m Li Lin, a correspondent from the uni versity newspaper. The staff and students here are getting more and more interestedin the relationship between the environment and economic development.What do you think is the most serious environmental problem at present?What measures should we adopt to improve the environment and develop theeconomy at the same time?Wang:There are many environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution, desertification, overfishing, destruction of natural habitats, acid rain,overconsumption of wild animals and plants, etc. But lying at the center of allthose problems, as I see it, is the contradiction between economic growth andthe environment.Since the United Nations Earth Summit in 1992, growing number of peopleand governments have adopted the new idea of “sustainable development”.This means today’s economic growth should not wipe out the resources andoptions for future generations. Planning and development should ensure notonly economic growth, but also social advancement and environment health.In other words, some economic behavior must be restricted or controlled.Instilling principles of sustainable development into government planning,resource management and economic policy is the most important step Chinacan take to solve its environmental problems.China has already taken some remarkable steps to reduce damage to theenvironment. For instance, following the huge floods of 1998, thegovernment banned logging in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River inorder to protect forests and reduce the risk of floods.Still, the basic contradiction between environment and development persists.Much work is to be done before we can achieve the aim of a balance betweeneconomic growth and the environment.Task2: Thick cloud of pollution covering southern AsiaScriptA United Nations study says that a thick cloud of pollution covering southern Asia threatens the lives of millions of people. Scientists say the pollution could increase lung disease and cause early death. The cloud is also damaging agriculture and affecting rainfall levels. It has affected many countries in southern Asia. The pollution cloud is three kilometers high. Scientists say it can move halfway around the world in a week.The cloud is the result of forest fires, the burning of agricultural waste, and huge increases in the burning of fuels by vehicles, industries and power stations.Pollution from millions of bad cooking stoves has made the problem worse. Manypoor people burn fuels like wood and animal waste in such stoves.Scientists say the cloud of pollution appears to cool the land and oceans by blocking sunlight. They say it reduces the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface by as much as 15 percent. At the same time, heat inside the cloud warms the lower parts of the atmosphere.Scientists say this combination could be changing winter rainfall levels in Asia. They say rainfall has increased over the eastern coast of Asia. But it has dropped sharply over parts of northwestern Asia. The report says the cloud could reduce rainfall over northwestern Pakistan, Afghanistan, and western China by up to 40 percent. Harmful chemicals from the cloud are mixing with rainfall. This acid rain damages crops and trees and threatens public health. Scientists are concerned that the pollution will intensify during the next 30 years as the population of Asia increases to an estimated 5,000 million people.Question and key:1.What is true of the cloud of pollution?D) It can move halfway around the world in a week.2.What is NOT the cause of the cloud of pollution?B) Evaporation from the ocean.3.What does the cloud of pollution bring about?A) It cools the land and oceans.4.Why will the pollution intensify in the next 30 years?C) Because the Asian population will increase a lot.5.What is the main idea of the passage?C) The causes and results of a cloud of pollution.Unit 3II. Basic Listening Practice2.ScriptW: Chinese students are often too shy to say anything in class.M: I think they don’t speak because their culture values modesty，and they don’t want to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.Q: Why don’t Chinese students say in class according to the man?C) They are modest.3.ScriptW: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the work place. Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.M: Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men get for the same job. It’s a situation that has to be changed.Q: What does the man say about the women?A) They earn less than men.3. ScriptW: I admire Michael Dell. He had a dream to be the world’s largest manufacture of personal computers, and he has realized that dream.M: And he dropped out of university to become a success. I wonder if there is a lesson in that.Q: What do we learn about Michael Dell from the dialog?D) He succeeded in his career though he did not complete his education.4. ScriptM: Successful entrepreneurs are often self-made people who have a vision and know where they are going.W: But do they enjoy life like you and me, or is money their only concern?Q: What are the two speakers’ attitudes toward successful entrepreneurs?D) The man admires the entrepreneur but the woman does not.5. ScriptW:Do you agree that equal opportunity for all in an educational system is important？M: Yes, but we have to recognize that all of us are not of equal ability.Q: What does the man imply？A)We should acknowledge differences between students.III. Listening InTask 1: Competition in AmericaScriptAlan: What are you reading, Eliza?Eliza: An article on America competition.Alan: Competition is everywhere. Why so much fuss about it, Miss Knowledge? Eliza:Don’t make fun of me. According to the author, competition is especially important in American life. They’re taught to complete from early childhood.When children play games, they learn how to beat others.Alan: And many girls want to look more attractive than the girls sitting next to them in class. Do you think that way?Eliza: Don’t be silly. Let’s get back to the point. When children are growing up, they complete with one another in their studies.Alan: I sn’t that also true of students in other nations? As we all know, many Asian students would kill for a high test score and grab every opportunity to sharpen their competitive edge over others.Eliza:American boys find great pleasure in competing with each other in sports, according to the author.Alan:I do like sports. When our football team beats the other team, I feel great…makes me want to shout out loud. But isn’t that normal throughout the world? Eliza:American people also compete with each other at work and at climbing thesocial ladder.Alan: But there’s such competition in other countries as well.Eliza:You’re right in a sense, but the author says the idea of competing is more deeply rooted in the minds of Americans. They’re even taught that if you lose and don’t feel hurt, there must be something wrong with you.Alan: I hear that some Asians put emphasis on cooperation. Which approach do you think makes more sense?Eliza: It’s hard to say. Anyway, it’s just culture difference.Task3: Cross-cultural tips on doing businessScriptCountries from around the globe, such as Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Russia, conduct a lot of business in China-the biggest market in the world. Here are some tips to help you deal more successfully with people from those nations.Firstly, you must be punctual with the Germans. Being even five minutes late makes a poor impression. Being punctual is also very important with Americans and the British. But while it’s important to be on time for business meetings, nobody expects you to be punctual for a social event. Half past seven is really means a quarter to eight, or even eight o’clock! With Russians, always be on time, but don’t be surprised if your Russian contact is very late! It is not unusual for them to be one or even two hours late!In the business environments of those four countries, it is best to wear formal clothes of dark colors. In Russia, designer clothes are rather common. However, don’t be surprised if you go to an office in the U.K., on a Friday and find everyone wearing jeans. Many companies in the U.K. have “dress down Fridays”, when people wear casual attire.In conversation, the British and the Americans love humor and talking about sports. The weather is also a good topic of conversation with the British, but you should avoid political talk. With the Russians, say positive things about their country, and avoid making complaints. The Germans, however, prefer to get straight down to business!Remember that with the Germans, once a deal has been agreed upon, you can’t change it! With the Americans, money is more important than relationships, whereas with Russians it’s important to get to know your contacts well. Also, don’t be surprised if a British meeting seems like a chaos, with everyone participating and giving opinions!Remember these tips and you will be on your way to a successful international career. Ⅴlet’s talkInternational Slavery MuseumScriptThe international Slavery Museum has opened at Albert Dock, in Liverpool. Many people travelled from all over the world to celebrate the opening on 23rd of August. The museum is a place of reflection, contemplation and education.It tells the story of the cruel acts of the transatlantic slave trade, the stories of the lives of the millions of Africans people, who were forced from their homelands onto ships that sailed to unknown lands where they were made to work on farms and in mines in harsh conditions without dignity or payment.Liverpool is one of the many British seaports that became very rich from money made transporting goods such as cotton and sugar, produced by African slaves.One of the most important parts of the museum’s exhibits are the stories of the lives of people who live all over the world today, whose family history can be traced to the Africans whose lives were changed forever by the transatlantic slave trade.It has taken four years of the hard work and planning to organise the creation of the museum, and its opening year is a very significant date because in 2007 we commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act.This was a law made in 1807; it banned all British people from taking part in the slave trade. Later in 1833 all people who had been forced into slavery to work for British companies were freed.ⅥFurther listening and speakingListeningTask1 PunctualityScriptTo Americans, punctuality is a way of respect for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an apology and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for example, people can arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually don’t try that at work.American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an emergency to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friend will just “dropped in”unannounced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might already be in bed. The time may vary, but most people think。

大学生不合理消费的危害英语作文

大学生不合理消费的危害英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Big Problem With College Kids Spending Too Much MoneyHi friends! Today I want to talk about a very big problem that a lot of college kids have. It's called "irrational consumption" and it means spending way too much money on things you don't really need. This can be very very bad and get college kids into a lot of trouble!First of all, what kind of stuff do college kids spend too much money on? Well, there are a few main things. One is clothes and shoes. A lot of college boys and girls like buying super fancy, expensive clothes from cool brands like Nuddies or Supra-Tees. They think having fresh kicks and a dope fit will make them look cool and popular. But really, regular cheap clothes from Target or Old NeighbourMart are just fine!Another thing college kids waste their money on is eating out all the time. Instead of cooking basic meals for themselves, they are always ordering Foodibles or McDagwoods or going tobougie brunch places. All that restaurant food is so overpriced and unhealthy! They should learn to make simple stuff like mac and cheese or hot dogs at home.Lastly, college kids are obsessed with the latest tech gadgets and gizmos. As soon as a new iFruit or Samesong phone comes out, they just have to get it, even though their current phone works just fine. Same thing with laptops, tablets, smart watches, you name it. All that pricey tech stuff is a total waste of money.So why is it such a big problem when college kids irrationally consume and spend too much money? There are a few really bad things that can happen:Number one, they can go deeply into debt. College is already super expensive for tuition, textbooks, housing, and meals. If you add in a bunch of unnecessary spending, the costs just pile up way too high. Pretty soon they max out their credit cards and student loans and owe like a gazillion dollars! That terrible debt can follow them around for their whole lives making it hard to buy a house, car, or start a family.Another major issue is that it promotes bad money habits that are hard to break. If college kids get used to frivolous spending and living way beyond their means, it will be really difficult for them to stop once they are grown-ups with real jobs.They'll keep wasting money instead of saving for important things like retirement or their kid's education.Irrational consumption is also really bad for the environment. Think about all the waste created by constantly buying new clothes, electronics, and throwing away leftovers from restaurants. It uses up way more natural resources from the earth than if people just stuck to the basics. Plus all that extra trash has to go somewhere, often into landfills or the ocean which is terrible.Finally, reckless spending can literally ruin relationships and mental health. College kids fight with their parents over money issues. They get super stressed about debt. Their friendships become based on showing off what they own rather than real stuff that matters. Overall it just leads to a lot of unnecessary drama, sadness, and conflict.So what can college kids do instead of irrationally consuming so much? I have some ideas that are way smarter:First, they need to make a realistic budget and stick to it strictly. Figure out how much money they actually have after paying for necessities like tuition and food. Then they can spend a little on fun, but shouldn't go over that amount no matter what.Next, be a smart shopper! Only buy from discounts stores, thrift shops, or when things are on sale. Never pay full price. And always ask - do I really NEED this thing or do I just want it? Most of the time, the answer is you don't need it. Walk away!It's also really important to cook meals at home as much as possible using cheap ingredients like beans, rice, pasta and vegetables from the grocery store. Owning a few pots and pans is all you need, no fancy kitchen stuff required. Pack leftovers for lunch instead of ordering Foodibles. It will save so much money!For college kids who already have money troubles, they should look for ways to make more income with a part-time job or side hustle. Cutting out little expenses like fancy coffee or streaming services can also help save cash slowly but surely.Lastly and most importantly, don't give in to peer pressure! Just because everyone else has the hot new Samsara phone doesn't mean you need to drop hundreds of dollars to get one too. Stick to your values and learn to be happy with what you have, not what brands and labels you own.Those are just some of my thoughts, but I really hope college kids will be smart about money instead of irrationally consuming. Spending on stuff you don't need is such a waste and can really mess up your whole life! Make good choices now, save thosedollar billz, and you'll be set up for success as a grown-up. Thanks for listening, bye!篇2The Big Problem with College Students Spending Too Much MoneyHi friends! Today I want to talk about a super important issue - college students spending way too much money on things they don't really need. This is a huge problem that can lead to lots of troubles down the road. Let me explain why it's so bad.First of all, when college kids spend all their money on silly things like expensive clothes, video games, fancy coffee drinks, and eating out all the time, they end up with no savings at all. That means when they graduate, they'll have zero dollars saved up. And you know what? Finding a good job right after college can be really hard these days. So if they don't have any money in the bank, they could end up stuck living with their parents or struggling to pay rent and bills. No recent grad wants that!Another yucky thing about wasting money is that it can lead to getting trapped in serious debt. You know what debt is, right? It's when you owe money to someone else that you have to payback, usually with interest on top! So many college kids get sucked into using credit cards to pay for their wants instead of their needs. And before they know it, they've racked up thousands and thousands of dollars in credit card debt. That debt will follow them around like a big, ugly rain cloud after graduation, making it super hard for them to ever get ahead financially. No thanks!But you know what might be the worst part? Out-of-control spending habits in college can lead to lifelong money troubles even after you finally do get settled with a career. That's because the human brain starts developing habits, good or bad, at a pretty young age. If you spend four years blowing every paycheck on junk, that's going to become a really ingrained habit. It will be 100 times harder to learn how to properly budget, save, and spend responsibly once you're an adult who needs to pay a mortgage, save for retirement, provide for a family, and all that grown-up stuff. No way, Jose!Instead of buying a ton of unneeded stuff, college students should spend their limited money very carefully on just the essentials - affordable housing, groceries, books and supplies for class, etc. They can still have fun without emptying their wallets by taking advantage of free events, parks, working out at thecampus gym, getting outdoors, or hanging out with friends without always going out to restaurants and bars. Wouldn't that be way smarter?It's also really important to get into the habit of saving money from a young age, even if it's just a few dollars here and there from a part-time job. That money can go into an account and keep growing over time. Maybe you wouldn't be able to afford that sweet new videogame right away, but being patient would pay off way more in the long run when you're financially stable after school.Look, I get it - college is super fun and full of freedom since you're finally out from under your parents' roof. But that doesn't mean you should go totally nuts with spending. Otherwise, you might regret it篇3The Dangers of Unreasonable Consumption by College StudentsHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about something very important that many older kids in college struggle with. It's called "unreasonable consumption" and it can lead to lots of problems. Let me explain what that big phrase means first.Consumption means buying things and using up resources like food, water, electricity and more. It's reasonable or OK to consume some things that you really need. Like if you need a warm coat for the winter, it's reasonable to go buy one. But unreasonable consumption is when you buy way more stuff than you actually need or can really afford.So why is unreasonable consumption bad, especially for college students? Well, there are a few key dangers I want to tell you about:It wastes money that could be savedCollege students usually don't have tons of money. They have some from parents, jobs, or student loans but it's not unlimited! When they spend too much on things they don't really need, that's wasting money that could have been saved up for important things like paying tuition, rent, groceries and other essentials.It can lead to going into deep debtDebt means owing money that has to be paid back later. Some colleges students use credit cards irresponsibly to buy lots of luxuries and then struggle to pay it all back with interestcharges piling up. This debt can become a huge burden that follows them for years after graduation.It's not environmentally friendlyWhen we consume more products than we need, we're using up the earth's natural resources at an unsustainable rate. This contributes to pollution, climate change, and depleting natural resources that future generations need to survive. Needless consumption is really wasteful and damages our planet.It promotes unhealthy materialismAlways wanting the newest, latest, trendiest stuff is a behavior called materialism. This makes people value possessions and image over more meaningful things in life. College is a special time to develop deeper values and materialism gets in the way of that important growth.It robs time from more important pursuitsCollege students have limited free time as it is with classes, studying, activities and work. When too much of that free time gets spent shopping, buying and consuming so much stuff, there's less time left over for more important things like cultivating friendships, self-discovery, volunteering and preparing for future careers.As you can see, unreasonable consumption has a lot of negative impacts on college students specifically. It wastes their limited money, puts them into debt, damages the environment, promotes unhealthy materialism, and distracts from more important parts of the college experience.The good news is, it doesn't have to be this way! College students can make smarter consumption choices that avoid these pitfalls. Here are some tips:• Make a budget and stick to it - Plan out reasonable spending limits and separate wants from needs• Embrace a minimalist lifestyle - Focus on only buying the essentials and limiting clutter• Shop secondhand - You can find amazing deals on everything from clothes to furniture• Cook meals and avoid eating out often - This saves tons of money over ordering delivery• Find free/cheap entertainment - Like hiking, playing sports, exploring your college town• Delay gratification - If you want something, wait a few weeks to see if you really need it• Be conscious of advertising influence - Companies make consumption look enticingI hope this essay has helped explain why unreasonable consumption causes so many problems, especially for college students. It's so important to be a smart, conscious consumer who spends reasonably and avoids wasting money, getting into debt, and damaging the planet. Let's all try to consume less and live with a bit more moderation! Thanks for reading, friends!篇4The Big Problem of College Kids Buying Too Much StuffHi friends! Today I want to talk about a super important problem. It's about college kids who spend way too much money on things they don't really need. This is called "unreasonable consumption" by the smart people. Let me explain why it's bad and dangerous.First off, college is already really expensive. Tuition, textbooks, housing, food - it adds up to a huge amount of money. College kids have to be really careful with their money so they don't end up broke and in debt. But sometimes they get carried away buying video games, snacks, clothes, and other stuff that isn't necessary.Instead of saving their money for important things, they just spend and spend on junk. Pretty soon, their bank accounts are empty! Then they have to borrow more money from their parents or take out loans. Getting into debt is a terrible idea, because it's so hard to pay it back later.Secondly, buying too much stuff you don't need is really bad for the environment. Think about all the pollution from factories making those products. Plus, a lot of that junk just ends up in the landfill really quick, which is no good for Mother Nature. We need to take better care of our planet!Thirdly, unreasonable consumption is psychologically unhealthy. Kids start to think they can only be happy if they buy the latest smartphone, sneakers, or gaming system. They think "Stuff equals happiness!" But that's not true at all. In fact, it usually makes people feel emptier inside and just want more stuff.The smarter way to live is to be happy with what you already have. Appreciate the simple things, like friends, family, and nature. Money can't buy everlasting joy and peace of mind. College kids need to learn that early before they get trapped in the cycle of constant, greedy consumption.Finally, college students who spend recklessly now are setting themselves up for big problems as adults. They'll graduate with a ton of debt from loans and credit cards. Having all that debt is like carrying a huge weight wherever you go in life. It makes everything harder - getting a car, renting an apartment, or starting a family.Good financial habits start young. If college kids practice reasonable spending and smart saving now, they'll be in much better shape for the future. They can avoid a lifetime of money stress and finally be free to spend on the things that really matter most.In conclusion, even though college kids don't have a lot of money, they still need to be very careful about unreasonable consumption. It's a slippery slope that leads to debt, environmental damage, psychological issues, and a lifetime of financial struggles. The wisest move is to appreciate what you have, spend mindfully, avoid impulsive shopping, and save diligently for the important things in life. A little self-control now goes a long, long way!I really hope college students will think hard about this problem of buying too much stuff they don't need. It might seem fun and harmless, but trust me, it's a quick road to trouble! Let'sall be smart with our money so we can live happy, healthy, debt-free lives. Thanks for reading, friends!篇5The Big Problem of College Students Buying Too Much Stuff They Don't NeedHello everybody! My name is Johnny and I'm going to tell you all about a very big problem happening with lots of college kids these days. The problem is that they are spending way too much money on things they don't actually need! This is called "irrational consumption" by the smart people.When kids go away to college, they finally have freedom to spend their own money however they want. Their parents aren't watching over them anymore. This can be really exciting at first! But if they aren't careful, college students can go too far and buy a bunch of unnecessary stuff.One of the main things college kids waste money on is trendy clothes and accessories. They see their favorite celebrities or influencers on TikTok wearing the latest fashion trends. Then they just have to go out and buy those same expensive outfits, shoes, bags, and jewelry themselves! But often those trendythings go out of style really fast. So the college students just wasted all their hard-earned cash.Another big money-waster for college kids is constantly eating out at fancy restaurants or ordering Uber Eats delivery. Cooking low-cost meals at home is so much cheaper. But lots of students would rather pay top dollar for restaurant food because they think it tastes better or is more convenient. Over time, all those restaurant bills really add up!Technology is one more area where college students tend to irrationally spend too much. As soon as the newest smartphone, gaming console, or laptop comes out, they rush to get it immediately. Even if the gadget they already own works perfectly fine! Upgrading to the latest tech all the time is an easy way to completely drain your bank account.So why is irrational consumption such a big problem for college students? Well, for one thing, it's just a huge waste of their money that could be better spent or saved. Most college kids are already pretty broke and stressed about money. So mindlessly blowing cash on unneeded stuff only makes their financial situation worse.But there's an even bigger danger than just wasting money. You see, when people buy and consume way more than theyactually need, it's really bad for the environment too. Making all those extra products requires using up limited natural resources from the earth. It creates pollution from the manufacturing process. And then there's a ton of waste and trash when people quickly get rid of things they didn't really need in the first place.Scientists say that overconsumption and waste are major contributors to problems like climate change, deforestation, air and water pollution, and loss of plant and animal species篇6The Big Problem with College Kids Spending Too Much MoneyHi friends! Today I want to tell you about a very big problem that lots of college kids have. It's something called "unreasonable consumption" and it means they spend way too much money on stuff they don't really need. This is a super duper serious issue that can really mess up their lives in the future if they aren't careful!First off, what kinds of things are college kids wasting their money on? Well, lots of them buy the latest smartphones, laptops, clothes, shoes, and other fancy gadgets even when the ones they already have work just fine. They go out to expensiverestaurants and clubs all the time instead of cooking at home. Some even buy expensive cars or take luxurious vacations when they should be saving their money for important things like paying rent, buying food, and paying back those huge student loans.Now you might be thinking "What's the big deal? College kids are just having fun and treating themselves!" But trust me, this kind of constant overspending without being responsible is definitely NOT a good idea. Let me explain why it's such a huge problem:They rack up tons of credit card debt trying to pay for everything. Credit card debt is the worst! It's when you borrow money from a bank to buy stuff and then you have to pay it all back later with extra fees called "interest." The more you owe, the more interest you get charged. It can become thisnever-ending money pit that leaves you broke forever!They have no savings for emergencies. Without any money put away, one little emergency like a car repair bill or medical expense can completely ruin their finances. Then they have to keep borrowing more and digging themselves into an even deeper hole of debt.They develop terrible money habits that are hard to break. If you spend your college years endlessly buying new clothes, eating out every meal, and wasting cash on frivolous junk, it's really tough to start being frugal and financially responsible once you're an adult with a job, rent, and other bills to pay.They miss out on amazing opportunities in the future. Too much debt from overspending means you can't afford to go on trips, start your own business, move to your dream city, or do other incredible things when you're older. You're just trapped paying off those credit cards instead of living your dreams!They majorly stress out about money all the time. I can't even imagine how awful it must feel to constantly worry about how you'll afford your next bill or rent payment because you blew all your cash on useless purchases. Sounds like a nightmare!I really hope I've convinced you that unreasonable consumption in college is a huge issue that can derail your entire life down the road. Blowing tons of money you don't have on wants instead of needs is incredibly irresponsible andshort-sighted.So what should college students do instead? Well, the smartest thing is to create a budget each month that maps out how much you can realistically spend on different categories likefood, entertainment, transportation etc. Stick to that budget as closely as possible and avoid impulse purchases on overpriced junk you'll rarely use. Only use credit cards for emergencies, not to finance a lavish lifestyle you can't afford.It's also crucial to find ways to save money that you can put aside for the future. Look for a part-time job, apply for scholarships and grants, cook meals at home, take public transportation instead of cabs, and avoid expensive hobbies for now. The more money you can squirrel away now, the better financial position you'll be in after graduation.Building great money management skills in college will set you up for a life of financial freedom and security as an adult. You'll actually be able to spend money on fun experiences without feeling guilty because you've already taken care of the essentials. How awesome is that?So please please pretty please, if you're a college student reading this, ditch those bad spending habits now before they become impossible to break! Live within your means, aggressively save whatever you can, and make smart money choices while you're still young. Don't let unreasonable consumption hold you back from achieving your biggest dreamsand having an amazing future. Wealth comes to those who are patient and financially disciplined, not the spendthrifts!Thanks for reading my very serious essay about this super important topic. I'll leave you with this super cool quote that basically sums it all up: "The foolish man seeks happiness in the distance, the wise grows it under his feet." Now go forth and be wise, my friends!。

从大学教育中得到什么英语作文150字

从大学教育中得到什么英语作文150字全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1What Can You Get From College?Hi, my name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I'm just a kid, but I've been thinking a lot about college lately. My big sister Jenny is about to graduate from high school, and she's been talking nonstop about where she wants to go to university. It all sounds like a big adventure to me!From what I can tell, college seems like this magical place where you get to learn all kinds of awesome things. In elementary school, we pretty much just cover the basics - math, reading, science, that kind of stuff. But in college, you get to dive really deep into exactly what interests you.Jenny wants to study marine biology because she's obsessed with ocean life. At university, she'll take classes all about different fish species, coral reefs, oceanography, and who knows what else. She'll probably even get to go on research trips to study marine animals up close! How cool is that?I've also heard that college is where you can explore totally new subjects that you never really learned about before. Like philosophy - apparently that's all about the big questions in life and different ways of looking at the world. Or linguistics, which is the study of language itself. Or countless other fields I can't even name. The possibilities seem endless!Another thing I'm really excited about is the prospect of joining clubs and sports teams in college. My school only has a couple of afterschool activities, but universities have hundreds of different organizations you can join. There are clubs for every interest you can imagine - gardening, chess, theater, you name it. And the sports! I'd love to try out some new sports I've never played before.From what my sister tells me, dorm life is a huge part of the college experience too. Can you imagine living in a building full of kids your age, all going through the same experience together? Having a roommate, staying up late studying or hanging out, making friends from all over the place. It seems like the ultimate sleepover that lasts for years!Overall, college strikes me as this awesome journey ofself-discovery, new experiences, and learning as much as you possibly can. You get to pursue your passions, try new things,meet people from all walks of life, and have an incredible amount of freedom and independence. Sure, it'll be challenging too. But from my 8-year-old perspective, it sounds like the adventure of a lifetime!I may be just a kid, but I can't wait for my turn to go to college in about 10 years. The way I see it, college is where you go to explore the world and discover who you really are and what you're capable of. It's where kids like me get to spread our wings and prepare for the rest of our lives as adults. Bring it on, I say! Just don't expect me to do any laundry.篇2What Do You Get From College? An Essay by Lil' Billy (Age 8)College is a funny word, ain't it? Sounds like a veggie or somethin'. But I hear grown-ups talk about it all the time like it's really important. My big sister Janey just started going to college this year after she graduated from high school. She's away at a whole different city now, living in the "dorms" and everything!I miss her a lot since she moved out. Who's gonna help me beat the hard levels of my video games now? Or remind Mom and Dad about pizza night? Janey was the best big sis. But she says she's gotta go to college so she can get "an education" andland a good job when she grows up. I don't really get what that means, but it sounds pretty serious.From what I can tell, college is kinda like a really big school - but just for adults instead of kids. You gotta study hard subjects like math, science, literachure, and all that jazz. Just like us, the college kids gotta write papers, take tests, and listen to teachers yapping away. Except their teachers are called "professors" which sounds way more professional if you ask me.The biggest difference is that colleges let you pick your own special subjects to study. So if you're really into art, you can take a tons of art classes. If you wanna be a doctor when you grow up, you can focus on learning all the science-y, medical stuff. My sister is really good with numbers, so she's taking "accounting" classes to learn about money stuff for businesses. I could never! Numbers are my kryptonite.Another weird thing about college is that the "students" live right on the campus grounds, in these buildings called "dorms" with roommates and everything. Can you imagine having a roommate?! I'd go crazy if I had to share my bedroom with someone. What if they tried to touch my action figure collection? No way, José! At least with dorms you got your own little space,plus you're just steps away from class. Pretty convenient if you ask me - no need to ride the bus or have Mom drop you off.From the care packages Mom sends Janey, college life seems both awesomely fun and awesomely hard. She's always getting free snacks, going to parties, joining clubs, and there's even a huuuuge basketball court for her to play on! How cool is that? But she also stays up late every night hit the books or typing away at homework. Sometimes she calls home utterly stressed out because she has a gazillion assignments and tests to study for. No thank you!I think the hardest part about college is being on your own for the first time as a kid-turned-adult. You gotta do your own laundry, buy your own food, and manage your own schedule and responsibilities. No parents, teachers, or older siblings holding your hand. You're in the big kid world now! Jeepers, I don't know if I could handle that level of independence. I'd probably burn down the whole dorm kitchen if I tried cooking for myself. Thank gosh for the dining halls on campus, am I right?Still, Janey tells me college is 100% worth the hard work because of everything she's learning. She says it's opening her mind to new ways of thinking about the world. The professors are introducing her to radical ideas she never knew aboutgrowing up in our small town. She's taking classes on business, economics, history, philosophy, and more that are growing her knowledge on pretty much everything. It's like someone crammed an entire library into her brain!My sister says the best part is meeting so many different kinds of people from all over. Her roommate is from India, she has friends from China, Mexico, England, you name it. Janey claims she's becoming "globally aware" and learning crazy stuff about other cultures. She's experiencing total diversity! Sounds awesome, if you ask me. Maybe she'll finally bring me back a sick souvenir from her travels someday.I guess that's why you go to college - to learn a ton about whatever subject interests you, but also to learn about the wider world around you. It's a place to find yourself, expand your horizons, and start molding into the person you'll eventually become as a grown-up. Sure, it means taking on way more responsibilities and challenges than a kid. But from what Janey tells me, the whole journey is rewarding and fun as heck! You get the best of both worlds - freedom and opportunity galore.You best believe I'll be applying to lots of colleges when I'm old enough. This kid's got big dreams to chase! Who knows,maybe I'll even major in something crazy like Marine Biology and become a killer whale trainer. Shooting for the stars here, baby!For now though, I'm just gonna keep slaying it in elementary school. 5th grade, here I come! College is still lifetimes away, thank goodness. I'll leave that headache to Janey for now while I cherish these last few years of taking agonizing long afternoon naps and playing in the sprinklers all summer long. Ah, bliss! The adult world can wait.篇3What I Learned from College EducationHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. My big sister Emily just graduated from college and I got to go to her graduation ceremony. It was so cool seeing her walk across the stage in her cap and gown! After the ceremony, I asked her what she learned in college since she spent sooooo many years there. Here's what she told me:Emily said one of the biggest things she learned was how to think critically and question things instead of just accepting everything at face value. In college, her professors pushed her to analyze different ideas and perspectives rather than justmemorizing facts. She had to back up her opinions with evidence and logic.At first, Emily said this style of critical thinking was really hard and frustrating. But eventually, she got better at seeing different sides of an issue. Now she tries not to make snap judgments and looks at things from multiple angles before deciding what she thinks. Critical thinking has helped make her a more openminded person.Another important thing Emily learned was time management skills. Can you believe she had to juggle multiple classes, study sessions, extracurricular activities, and for some semesters even a part-time job?! I don't know how she did it all without tearing her hair out. But she said mastering time management was crucial for staying on top of everything.Emily got really good at using a planner to block out her time, prioritize tasks, and set deadlines for herself. She learned that procrastinating only leads to extra stress, so she tried to stick to a consistent daily routine. Time management is definitely a skill she'll need in her career too.Another important lesson was about working with different types of people. In group projects for classes, Emily had to collaborate with students from all sorts of backgrounds. Somewere really straightforward while others were shy. Some were naturals at public speaking while others felt awkward presenting. There was always a mix of personalities and skill sets to work with.At times it was challenging resolving disagreements or divvying up tasks fairly. But Emily said learning how to communicate effectively, resolve conflicts, and maximize everyone's strengths was great practice for the real world. No matter what job she has, she'll likely need to work as part of a team. Those skills will be invaluable.The last thing I'll mention that Emily learned was independence and self-reliance. Living away from home for the first time, she had to figure out lots of stuff on her own like doing laundry, grocery shopping on a budget, getting herself to classes on time, and more. It wasn't like having Mom and Dad readily available if she needed help.Emily said this firsthand taste of independence was difficult at times, but also satisfying. It forced her to become a responsible young adult who could fend for herself. She's much more confident in her abilities now than when she first went away to school.The academic knowledge Emily gained is important too, of course. But I thought it was really interesting to hear about all the practical life skills she developed through her overall college experience. She learned so much more than just what was in her textbooks!I'm only 8 years old, so college still feels like a long way off for me. But after hearing Emily's insights, I'm actually kind of excited to go myself someday. I may not appreciate it at the time, but college sounds like it will help me grow as a person in addition to gaining career preparation. For now though, I've got my hands full just being a kid!Well, that's the scoop on what my big sis took away from college. Let me know if you have any other questions! I may be just a kid but I'll do my best to explain. Thanks for reading!篇4What Can You Get from College? An Elementary Kid's TakeHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. My big sister just started college last year and I've been super curious about what she's been up to. College seems like a really big deal based on how much my parents have been talking about it. Idecided to ask my sister all about it when she came home for spring break. Here's what I learned!First off, college is where you go after you finish high school if you want to learn a ton more stuff. It's kind of like the ultimate school - you pick an area that really interests you and spend years just digging deep into that one subject. My sister is studying engineering which is all about building cool machines and structures. She said in her engineering classes she's learning how to design bridges, skyscrapers, cars, planes, robots - you name it!But college isn't just about taking classes. My sister said one of the best parts has been living in the dorms and being independent for the first time. Instead of having my parents make all her decisions, she gets to choose her own schedule, her own meals, and her own activities. Of course, she has a lot more responsibilities too like cleaning up after herself and doing her own laundry. It sounds like a lot of work but also really exciting to be that grown up!Another awesome thing about college is that you get to meet people from all over. My sister's roommate is from the other side of the country and grew up really different from how we did. My sister says just living together and being friends hastaught her so much about understanding other perspectives and cultures. There are also tons of clubs and activities on campus for every single interest you can imagine - everything from chess club to outdoor adventure club to music ensembles. It's a great way to try new things and bond with people over shared passions.One part of college that sounds pretty challenging is the high level of the coursework. My sister says her engineering classes require a ton of difficult math, science, and critical thinking compared to her high school classes. She has to study for hours on end and put in tons of hard work on big projects and research papers. But she says it's helping her develop amazing problem-solving skills that will really pay off when she starts her career. Learning how to work through those tough mental challenges will make her a stronger, smarter person in the long run.Overall, college sounds like an incredible place to grow not just your knowledge, but also your independence, worldview, interests, and abilities. Sure, it requires buckle-down academics and lots of responsibility. But it also comes with amazing opportunities to explore potential careers, expand your perspectives through diversity, pursue your passions throughactivities and clubs, and develop rock solid critical thinking abilities. Who knows, maybe I'll be answering this same question about myself when I'm older and getting ready to head off to university! For now, I'll keep working hard in elementary school to set myself up for that amazing college experience someday.篇5What Do You Get From Going to University? An Essay by a KidHey there! I'm just a kid, but I've been thinking a lot about going to university when I'm older. My older brother is in college right now, and he's always telling me about the cool stuff he's learning and the awesome experiences he's having. It sounds like a ton of fun, but also really valuable for my future. Let me break it down for you on what I think are the main things you get out of university:First off, you get an awesome education that prepares you for a career! In university, you get to study subjects you're really interested in and passionate about. Instead of having to take a bunch of random classes like in high school, you get to pick a "major" which is the main subject you want to focus on. Mybrother is studying computer science because he loves coding and wants to be a software engineer some day.But it's not just about the subject knowledge - university also teaches you super important skills for the workplace. You learn how to think critically, analyze things from multiple angles, communicate clearly both in writing and speaking, manage your time effectively, and work together on team projects. Employers love hiring university grads because they know how to use their brains in productive ways. With a degree, you're way more qualified for tons of interesting, high-paying jobs out there.Secondly, university is an incredible personal growth experience. For most people, it's the first time living away from your parents and being fully independent. You have to keep your own schedule, cook your own meals, do your own laundry, pay your own bills - basically adulting 101! It can be a little overwhelming at first, but it's awesome practice for the real world after graduation. Plus, you get to meet people from all over with totally different backgrounds than you. My brother's roommate is from India and taught him all about their culture and cuisine. It really opens your eyes to how diverse and fascinating the world is.University also gives you a chance to discover and nurture new interests beyond just academics. Most campuses have hundreds of clubs and organizations you can join, from sports teams to theater groups to volunteering initiatives and everything in between. You might arrive loving football but leave as a passionate rock climber or chess champion. It's a safe environment to try new things without judgement before you're thrust into the "real world." The clubs are also a fantastic way to have fun, make new friends, and develop leadership skills.Speaking of friends, university is pretty much a built-infour-year friend and connection-making machine. The people you meet in classes, dorms, clubs and all over campus during those years often become friends for life, professional connections, or maybe even your future spouse! My parents met during their freshman year at the same university and have been married for 25 years now. You're creating a whole network of people you'll know for decades to come.Lastly, university opens up so many more opportunities in life compared to just having a high school diploma. Yeah, the tuition is super expensive. But having that degree allows you to qualify for way better job opportunities that pay much higher salaries over your whole career. You'll likely be able to get out ofdebt faster, buy a nice house, support a family, retire comfortably, and have enough money to splurge on things like big vacations. You're also eligible for more graduate degrees like masters and PhDs, which can lead to even cooler, higher-paying jobs. My teachers always say "knowledge is power," and university gives you powerful knowledge and credentials.So in summary, going to university gives you an amazing education, personal growth from being independent, a chance to explore new interests, lifelong friends and connections, crucial life skills, and a huge leg up for career opportunities and future earning potential. All you have to do is work really hard for four years! To me, it seems totally worth the effort to set yourself up for an awesome, successful life.篇6What I Learned From University EducationHi there! My name is Lily and I just finished my first year at Central University. Mom and Dad said I should write about what I learned so I can share it with you! Get ready for a long story!When I first went to college, everything was so big and scary. The buildings were huge, there were people everywhere, and I had no idea where to go. I was really nervous about getting lostor being late for class. But after a few weeks, I started figuring things out. I learned how to read the campus maps, I made friends who showed me around, and I got better at managing my time. It was hard at first, but I'm so proud that I could handle being more independent.The classes themselves were pretty different from school too. In elementary school, the teachers kind of just told us information and we had to remember it. But in college, the professors really wanted us to think for ourselves and ask lots of questions. It took me a while to get used to that. At first, I was shy about raising my hand or sharing my ideas. I was worried they wouldn't make sense or the other students would think I was dumb. But my psychology professor was really nice and made the class feel safe for discussions. After a few months, I wasn't afraid to speak up anymore. Now I really enjoy debating different topics and hearing multiple perspectives.Speaking of perspectives, one of the coolest things about university is how many interesting people you meet. My roommate Janice is from China and she taught me all about her culture's holidays and foods. My friend Marcus is non-binary and helped me understand more about gender identities. Just walking around campus, you hear so many different languagesand see people practicing different religions. It really opened my eyes to how diverse the world is beyond my own little town. I used to be scared of people who were different from me, but now I see how amazing it is that we can all learn from each other.Another hard part of university was trying to get involved in extracurriculars while keeping my grades up. In my first semester, I joined the volleyball team, the art club, volunteered at the library, and took a job at the cafeteria. I thought I could handle all of it on top of my coursework, but it was way too much. My schedule was crazy, I was exhausted all the time, and my grades started slipping. That's when Mom and Dad stepped in to help me learn better time management skills. I had to be really honest with myself about what I could realistically take on while still focusing on academics. It wasn't easy, but I cut out some of the less important activities so I could devote enough energy to classes, volleyball (my favorite!), and my job. Setting those boundaries was hard, but so important.Looking back on this first year, I can't believe how much I grew as a person. Yeah, the classes were important and taught me lots of information. But some of my biggest lessons had nothing to do with textbooks or lectures. I became more independent, more confident in sharing my voice, moreopen-minded about different cultures, more willing to ask for help, and better at managing my responsibilities. University is about so much more than just studying - it's a place where you get to explore who you want to be as an adult. Even with all the stress, struggles, and difficulties, I'm so glad I got to have this experience. I can't wait to see what else I'll learn over the next few years!Whew, that was a long one! Tell me, did you have a similar experience when you went to university? What were some of the most important lessons you learned? I'd love to hear your stories too! Thanks for reading, and here's to many more years of amazing personal growth!。

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大学重新审视奖学金的价值
A) 许多大学给予学生经济资助时，最重要的依据仍然是学生良好的评估等级和较高的试卷分数。

但是在未来几年里，预计低收入家庭的学生数占大学生总数的比例越来越大。

一些学校正在重新考虑奖学金是否是利用大学宝贵的资金最有效的途径。

B) 例如，华盛顿特区的乔治·华盛顿大学上周公布说将削减约三分之一的奖学金，减少奖学金得主数，而将节省下来的大约250万美元用于助学金。

位于宾夕法尼亚州米德维尔的阿勒格尼学院三年前也做出了类似的决定。

纽约克林顿市的哈密尔顿学院说它将逐步淘汰奖学金。

该规定不会使现有的奖学金得主失去奖学金，助学金制度将从2008年秋天入学的学生开始实行。

并不是所有的大学都提供奖学金；一般来说，淘汰率越高的学校，越不太可能提供奖学金。

例如，哈佛大学和普林斯顿大学慷慨地提供了各种助学金，但是许多不符合助学条件的家庭为了上名牌大学不管付多少钱都愿意。

对于规模较小的地方性学院来说，他们只是努力填满空缺，奖学金只是财政收入的重要来源，因为许多奖学金得主仍需支付比奖学金金额更高的学费，而正是这些学费维持大学的运转。

C) 但是对于有排名意识的学校，奖学金已经成为招收一流学生和改善他们的学术效益的一种主要工具。

斯基德莫尔大学的经济学家桑迪·波美说，"他们试图购买学生"。

研究表明奖学金存在一种倾向，
即大部分奖学金得主不依靠奖学金仍能支付得起学费。

"展望未来，更迫切需要的助学金投资"，汉密尔顿的入学和助学金办公室主任莫尼卡·英泽说。

汉密尔顿大学已提供10年的奖学金。

在这段时间里，在《美国新闻和世界报导》对最好的文学院的排名中，它从第25名上升到第17名。

D) 奖学金每年帮助了大约75名学生，或大约4%的学生，花费大约为一年1百万美元，"奖学金给我们带来了好处"，英泽说，但"奖学金这种变相优惠学费的做法对不需要经济援助的家庭来说，似乎不妥。

"助学金目前仍是学生接受资助的主要方式，包括国家助学金、联邦助学金和机构助学金。

但是，从总体上和大学层面上来看，主要由学校和州提供的奖学金增长速度很快。

一项由美国宾州州立大学教授唐纳德•海勒主持的研究报告表明，在1995-96和2003-04年之间，仅就大学的奖学金而言，增加了212%，而助学金增加了47%。

至少有15个州也提供奖学金，通常是为了在公立大学中招收优等生。

E) 但是近年来，越来越多的批评已经迫使大学开始减少这种做法。

汉密尔顿和其他大学最近的决策可能是"一种迹象，表明人们开始意识到这种破坏性的竞争"，波美说。

波美与他人合作，共同发表了一份《大学报告》，对于大学资助不是建立在需要的基础之上表示担忧。

明尼苏达私立大学委员会主席大卫·莱尔德认为，很多私立学校想减少奖学金，但害怕这样做，会使优秀学生流失到他们的竞争对手那里
去。

"没有人可以采取单方面行动，"莱尔德说。

他正在探索是否能获得联邦反托拉斯法的豁免，以使会员大学可以讨论如何共同降低奖学金。

"这是一个跑得很快的旋转木马，没有大学相信他们能承受摆脱木马束缚的风险。

"
F) 一个复杂因素就是，奖学金已经在不符合助学金条件的中产阶级家庭中变得很受欢迎，结果许多家庭都依靠它。

并且，随着学费不断增加，奖助学金之间的界限也变得模糊了。

这是阿勒格尼大学并不打算完全取消奖学金的理由之一。

"我们仍然相信对成绩优异者进行奖励的效用，好学生很重视奖学金"，阿勒格尼大学负责招生的副校长斯科特·弗利达霍夫说。

G ) 位于亚特兰大的艾莫利大学以拥有47亿美元的捐赠而自豪。

同时该校拟采取新政策。

今年，该大学宣布将取消特困生贷款，同时对中产阶级家庭的贷款进行限额，但它将扩大其已有28年历史的奖学金项目。

"是的，我们在玩奖学金游戏，"负责大学本科教育的副院长汤姆兰·卡斯特承认。

但这也有它的优势，他说，"事实上，这不仅仅关系到低收入人群，它还关系到无缘问津助学金、普通的美国中产阶级家庭。

"
H) ＊关于奖学金制度的几点补充
奖学金是向在某一领域杰出的学生提供的资助，通常是指学术、体育和艺术奖学金。

学术奖学金是以学生在高中阶段的分数，平均成绩和学术表现为基础。

它们通常是专门为学生在高中毕业后直接进入大学而设置的。

然而，还有为学习成绩格外突出的在校大学生准备的奖学金。

这些奖学金通常帮助学生交纳学费，只要他们继续符合条件，每年都可以继续享受。

某些情况下，学生在申请过程中可能需要学校或者一位教师推荐。

I) ＊关于奖学金制度的几点补充
运动奖学金是为在任何一种体育运动中突出的学生设置的奖学金，从足球到田径项目。

本奖学金必须有人推荐，因为杰出的运动表现必须得到教练或裁判的认可。

申请者需要寄送包含他们最佳表现的一盘磁带。

艺术奖学金要求申请者在一定艺术领域有突出表现。

一般包括创作领域，如艺术、设计、时装、音乐、舞蹈或写作。

申请艺术奖学金，通常要求学生提供一个选辑，它可以包括艺术作品集、音乐表演录像或舞蹈的视频。