癌症临床试验(英文版)PPT课件
肺癌英文PPT演示幻灯片
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Pathology And Classification
According to the different principles of management,it is divided into two types.
SCLC:small cell lung carcinoma. NSCLC:non small cell lung carcinoma.
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Pathology And Classification
1. According to the position of tumor arising from ,it can be divided into two types .
Central type:Tumor arises from main bronchus, lobar and segmental bronchus . Peripheral type : Tumor arises beyond segmental bronchus .
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Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
(5)Cardiac effusion
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Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
癌症英文版ppt课件
An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells — 30,000,000,000,00 0!
WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS?
HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER?
The best weapon
to detect it early before spread
癌症英文版
Cancer — a scary word, a scary disease, a callous killer
马三立 （膀胱癌）
陈晓旭 （ breast cancer ）
李钰 （淋巴癌）
Patrick Swayze （胰腺癌）
luciano Pavarotti （胰腺癌）
good news：
•Millions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
Kylie Ann Minogue (breast cancer)
WHAT ISa single disease •includes more than 100 different diseases
WAYS TO PREVENT CANCER?
Don’t smoke! Keep healthy diet. Avoid too much sun.
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
•Removed by surgery •Radiation, such as X rays
英文版癌症介绍课件
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Basic definition
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the body These cells form a mass called a tutor, which can invade and destroy normal issues
English version of cancer introduction courseware
目录
CONTENTS
Overview of CancerSymptoms and Diagnosis of CancerTreatment methods for cancerPrevention and control of cancerRehabilitation and numbering of cancerResearch progress and future prospects of cancer
要点一
要点二
Rehabilitation programs
Design rehabilitation programs to help patients register physical functions, including physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy
Rehabilitation and numbering of cancer
Psychological support
Provide emotional support and counseling to help patients scope with the emotional impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment
癌症临床试验(英文版PPT课件
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Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
– Early access to new interventions
• Possible risk:
– Unknown side effects and effectiveness
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Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
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Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
癌症英文版ppt课件
Getting plenty of sleep and exercise and eating the right foods can help keep you healthy.
Cancer—it’s scary word, and a scary disease. Cancer kills a lot of people all over the world. But there’s good news too. Millions of people who have had cancer are still alive. Doctors have learned a great deal about treating and preventing cancer. WHAT IS CANCER? Cancer is not a single disease. It includes more than 100 different diseases. They may affect any part of the body. But they have one thing in common. They are all caused by cells that are out of control. All living things are made up of cells. An adult human body has about 30 trillion cells—that’s 30,000,000,000,000! Cells reproduce (make more cells) by dividing in half. In an adult body, about 25 million cells divide every second. That’s how the body heals itself. Sometimes a cell goes out of control and divides over and over. And that’s what cancer is— unhealthy cells, growing and reproducing out of control. These cells are said to be cancerous. WHY CANCER IS DANGEROUS When cancerous cells multiply, they form tumors. Tumors can interfere with important body processes. Cancer of the lungs, for instance, interferes with breathing. Cancer of the stomach interferes with digesting food. Cancerous cells can also spread to other parts of the body. Then new tumors form. Cancer that has metastasized is the most dangerous. When cancer attacks several parts of the body, it is hard to stop. HOW DOCTORS TREAT CANCER The best weapon against cancer is detecting it at an early stage before it grows very much. Regular checkups by a doctor can detect cancer before it grows and spreads. People whose cancers are discovered early usually survive. Some cancerous tumors can be removed by surgery. Doctors must remove some surrounding healthy cells, too, to be sure they get all the caions of people with cancer still alive •Technology for cancer treating
肺癌英文PPT课件可修改文字
Bronchoscope
Bronchoscope may verify the existence of tumor , of Central type, and cytologic diagnosis of lung cancer should be obtained though FBC
.Blind biopsy may be help to the diagnosis of the tumor beyond the range of bronchoscope vision
Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
Etiology
2.Atmospheric pollution.It was found that carcinogenic factor is benzpyrene .
3.Occupational factors. 4Radioactivity in the atmosphere . 5.Diets and Nutrition. 6.Chronic irritation. 7.Genetic factors.
Fig5 Cavitating Bronchial Carcinoma
英文肺癌护理病例学习PPT课件
a small amount of hemoptysis, intermittent cough，no
chest pain, the condition is stable, the laboratory results
are stable, give the patient the discharge of the hospital in
Treatment
Transamin 500mg intravenous q 6hr
Treatment
Home medication:
Nursing care plan
Risk for hemorrhagic shock,
related to massive
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hemoptysis 15/6/2018
Objectives Nursing care This is a good space for a short subtitle
Evaluation
diagnosis
criteria
Impaired gas
The patient’s gas Continuous oxygen The patient can
About NSCLC
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer，due to cancer-causing substances (carcinogens) in the air are inhaled and cause cell damage that later becomes cancer. The most common cause of lung cancer, by far, is smoking.
癌症临床试验(英文版)35页PPT
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Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
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Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
• Possible risk:
– Occurrence of unknown side effects
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Prevention Trials
• For people at risk of developing cancer
• Action studies vs. agent studies • Possible benefit:
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-ra and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
肺癌幻灯英文版
Lung Cancer 101 and ASCO 2016 HighlightsDr. Jennifer Garst with ASCO slides by Dr. Jared WeissDuke Cancer Institute at Duke Cancer Center Raleigh8/20/2016Build Hope. Take Action.End Lung Cancer.Mission…..To save lives and provide support to thoseaffected by lung cancer through research,awareness, education, and access programsacross North Carolina.A Major Public Health Problem•Estimated 1.6 million deaths each year worldwide from lung cancer •In 2015:–Estimated 221,200 new cases of lung cancer expected to be diagnosed in US –158,000 Americans expected to die from lung cancer•Leading cause of cancer-related deaths in US men and women –More deaths from lung cancer than breast, prostate, colon, liver, melanoma, and kidney cancers combined•Need for better thought out, patient-driven studiesTorre LA, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87-108.Siegel RL, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(1):5-29.USA DistributionWhat is lung cancer?Lung cancer is an uncontrolled growth ofabnormal cells that starts in the lungs.Cancer can develop with a mutation or error inthe lung cell’s DNA.DNA mutations can be caused by the normalaging process and through exposure to toxins like smoke, viruses, radon, and otherenvironmental factors. Cigarette SmokeLung Cancer Risk Factors•Current or past H/O smoking or second handsmoke exposure•Radon exposure•Previous cancer•Lung disease, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis •Toxic exposures: arsenic, chromium, asbestos, nickel,, cadmium, beryllium, silica, dieselfumes, viruses•Genetic risksWhat is lung cancer?It likely takes a series of mutations to create alung cancer cell. Cells may be pre-cancerous due to some mutations but continue to function like normal lung cells. As these cells divide, the mutations are passed down and can become augmented from other toxic exposures until the cells do not behave like normal lung cells andtake on the characteristics or “hallmarks” ofcancer.Hanahan D, et al. Cell . 2000;100(1):57-70. Self-sufficiencyin growth signalsEvading apoptosis Sustained angiogenesis Limitless replicativepotentialInsensitivity toantigrowth signalsTissueinvasion andmetastasisThe Hallmarks of Cancer: New Targets•228,190 new cases of lung cancer •159,480 deaths dueto lung cancer MenLung and bronchus 28%Prostate 10%Colon and rectum 9%Pancreas 6%Leukemia 5%WomenLung and bronchus 26% Breast 14% Colon and rectum 9%Pancreas 7%Ovary 5%Leading Sites, United States, 2013 EstimatesSiegel R, et al. CA Cancer J Clin . 2013;63(1):11-30.Cancer-Related DeathsCommon causesof US cancerdeaths, 2008 Rudin CM, et al. Clin Cancer Res.2009;15(18):5622-5625. Ever-SmokersNever-SmokersTypes of Lung Cancer •Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer –AdenocarcinomaSquamous cell carcinoma–Large cell•Small Cell Lung CancerNSCLC Stages at PresentationSubramanian J, et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2010;5: 23–28.Staging: NSCLCStage I:•≤ 5cm; no lymph nodes involvedStage II:•≤ 7cm, if ipsilateral hilar lymphnodes involved•>7cm, or local invasion, ormultiple nodules in same lobe ifno lymph nodes involvedStaging: NSCLCStage III:•Has not spread beyond lymphnodes in chest•May have metastases withinipsilateral lung•May have local invasion of majorstructuresStage IV:•Metastatic disease or disease withpleural effusionLess Invasive Lung Cancer Staging EndoBronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) Mediastinoscopy Use of an ultrasound-guided camera to biopsy lymph nodes around the airway with needle aspirationSurgical removal of lymph nodes from around the main airway ENDOBRONCHIAL ULTRASOUND EBUS is done under general anesthesia Angled, balloon-tipped ultrasoundbronchoscopeallowssimultaneousendoscopic andultrasound views Endoscopic viewUltrasound viewEBUS probe in the main airwayCurrent State of NSCLC •NSCLC: ~ 85% of lung cancers•Histology-directed therapy–Non-squamous: bevacizumab, pemetrexed–Squamous: nab-paclitaxel, nivolumab•Biomarker-directed therapy–Erlotinib, afatinib, gefitinib, crizotinib, ceritinib •Immunotherapy•Overcoming resistance–EGFR and ALK resistanceMore Choices = More Decisionspatients, providers, payersStrategies to ImproveOutcome of Lung Cancer Patients •Move away from approaching lung cancer as one disease•Develop treatment strategies for different subsets of lung cancer•Treatment improvements based on–Histology–Oncogenic alterations–ProteomicsFirst-line Second-line Third-line Maintenance Not approved 1970 1980 1990 2000 MedianOS (mos) 12+ ~ 6~ 2–4 BSC Single-agent platinum DoubletsBevacizumab + PC Carboplatin a1989 ErlotinibPemetrexed2004Docetaxel1999 PaclitaxelGemcitabine 1998 Vinorelbine 1994 Docetaxel 2002 Bevacizumab2006Gefitinib2003Standard Therapies a Label does not include NSCLC-specific indication. BSC = best supportive care;PC = paclitaxel/carboplatin; OS = overall survival. Adapted from Shrump, et al. Non-small cell lung cancer. In: Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology . 7th ed.Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins:2005.Pemetrexed2008/2009Histology-directed therapyCisplatin a 1978History of Therapy in Advanced NSCLC: FDAApproval Dates 1970-20102010Erlotinib2010 ~ 8–10Maintenance Therapy Targeted TherapyALK TranslocationEGFR Mutation2011 2013History of Therapy in Advanced NSCLC: FDAApproval Dates 2011-2013Crizotinib 2011 Erlotinib 2013 Afatinib 2013MedianOS(mos)Targeted Therapy20-30+ monthsLung Cancer Mutation Consortium: Incidence ofDriver MutationsROS-1 1%Kris MG, et al. JAMA. 2014;311:1998-2006.Lung Adenocarcinoma MutationsRudin CM, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(18):5646-5661.MATCH trial EGFR SignalingAdapted from Ciardiello F, Tortora G. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1160-1174. gefitinib erlotinibEGFR MUT Disease Progressionon an EGFR TKI Molecular: •Unknown (other pathways) •EGFR T790M (exon 20) •MET amplification •PIK3CA •SCLC Clinical PD appearance: •Rapid disease PD globally •Slow growth globally •Growth in several areas, but not all T790M~ 40-55% T790M +EGFR amp~ 10% Other EGFR mut 1-2%SCLC w/PI3K ~ 4% SCLC~ 6% PIK3CA~ 1-2%MET amp~ 5% BRAF ~ 1%HER2 Amp ~ 8-13%EMT~ 1-2%Unknown~ 15-20%Camidge DR, et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014;11(8):473-481.Osimertinib activity in patients with leptomeningeal disease from non-small cell lung cancer: <br />updated results from the BLOOM studyPresented By James Yang at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingChanges in EGFRm DNA copy number in CSF <br />with osimertinib treatmentPresented By James Yang at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingPhase I study (BLOOM) of AZD3759, a CNS penetrable EGFR inhibitor, for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastasis (BM) and leptomeningeal metastasis (LM)Presented By Myung-Ju Ahn at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingThird Generation EGFR TKIs“3rd” Generation N RR* T790M- RR T790M+PFS ToxicityRociletinib (CO-1686)256 37% 53% ~ 8.0 mo Hyperglycemia AZD9291 253 21% 61% ~ 8.2 mo Diarrhea HM61713 (800 mg) 62 12% (300 mg)55% NR Dyspnea/rash EGF816X* 53 - 60% NR RashASP8273* 47 ~ 33% 61% NR Hyponatremia/diarrheaSequist L, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(suppl). Abstract 8001; Jänne PA, et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(18):1689-1699; Park K, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(suppl). Abstract 8084; Tan DS-W, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(suppl). Abstract 8013; Goto Y , et al. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(suppl). Abstract 8014.Multiple other agents earlier in development*T790M - subgroups are very small. RR, response rate; PFS, progression-free survival.ALK Fusion Oncogenes and Downstream Signaling Shaw AT, Solomon B. Clin Cancer Re s. 2011;17:2081-2086.Alectinib versus Crizotinib in ALK Inhibitor Naïve ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer:<br /> Primary Results from the J-ALEX StudyPresented By Hiroshi Nokihara at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting J-ALEX Phase III Study DesignPresented By Hiroshi Nokihara at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingPrimary Endpoint: PFS by IRF (ITT Population)Presented By Hiroshi Nokihara at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingBrigatinib in Patients With Crizotinib-Refractory ALK+ Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: First Report of Efficacy and Safety From a Pivotal Randomized Phase 2 Trial (ALTA)Presented By Dong-Wan Kim at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingPFS by ArmPresented By Dong-Wan Kim at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Survival by ArmPresented By Dong-Wan Kim at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingROS1 Rearrangement in Lung CancerJänne PA, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(8):878-879.Safety and Efficacy of Lorlatinib (PF-06463922) From the Dose Escalation Component of a Study in Patients With Advanced ALK+ or ROS1+ Non-Small-Cell Lung CancerPresented By Benjamin Solomon at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingPhase I Design and Patient Population <br />of an Ongoing Phase I/II StudyPresented By Benjamin Solomon at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Clinical Activity: <br />Progression-Free Survival in ALK+ PatientsPresented By Benjamin Solomon at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingMajority of ROS1 Patients Had a <br />Decrease in Target Lesion Size*Presented By Benjamin Solomon at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting CNS Responses in ALK/ROS1+ Patients<br />with Measurable DiseasePresented By Benjamin Solomon at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingOther Drugs That Target ALK and/or ROS-1 •1st-generation ALKCrizotinib( plus ROS-1)•2nd-generation ALK Inhibitors‒Ceritinib (LDK378)( plus ROS-1)‒ Alectinib (CH5424802)( no ROS-1 activity)•ALK/EGFR/ROS-1 Inhibitors‒Brigatinib (AP26113)(nearing approval process)Promising Others ALK/ROS-1: Lorlatinib, Ensartinib (X-396)in clinical trialsResistance: Cabozantinib (FDA approved medthyroid/renal), TPX-0005 (ALK/SRC) in clinical trialsResponse of An ROS1+ PatientBaseline 12 Weeks Crizotinib Bergethon K, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(8):863-870.Antitumor Activity and Safety of Crizotinib <br />in Patients with Advanced MET Exon 14-Altered <br />Non-Small Cell Lung CancerPresented By Alexander Drilon at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Slide 11Presented By Alexander Drilon at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingAn Open-Label Phase 2 Trial of Dabrafenib in Combination With Trametinib in Patients With Previously Treated BRAF V600E–Mutant Advanced <br />Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (BRF113928)Presented By David Planchard at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingProgression-Free SurvivalPresented By David Planchard at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingSlide 1Presented By D. Camidge at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Antibody Drug Conjugate: Sacituzumab Govitecan (IMMU-132)Presented By D. Camidge at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingProgression-Free Survival and Overall Survival <br />(8 or 10 mg/kg; median of 3 prior therapies)Presented By D. Camidge at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingImmunotherapy in NSCLC•Immunotherapy•Vaccines•Check-point inhibitors:•Preliminary evidence of activity with CTLA-4 andchemotherapy•Preliminary evidence of activity with PD-1 or PD-L1Lynch TJ, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012. Genova C, et al. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012. Brahmer JR et al NEJM 2012, Topalian S et al NEJM 2012PD-1, PD-L1 AntibodiesTarget AgentPD-1 Nivolumab (BMS-936558)Pembrolizumab (MK-3475)Pidilizumab (CT-011)AMP-224PD-L1 BMS-936559Durvalumab (MEDI4736)Atezolizumab (MPDL-3280A)PD-1, programmed death receptor-1; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.Davies M. Cancer Manag Res. 2014;6:63-75; Brahmer JR. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(8):1021-1028; Rizvi NA, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(suppl 15). Abstract 8007;Brahmer JR, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(suppl 15). Abstract 8021.CheckMate 012: Safety and Efficacy of First‐line Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced NSCLCPresented By Matthew Hellmann at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingNivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in First-line NSCLC:<br />Summary of EfficacyPresented By Matthew Hellmann at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in First-line NSCLC:<br />Efficacy Across All Tumor PD-L1 Expression LevelsPresented By Matthew Hellmann at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting•Immune responses are dynamic and evolve. •A single biomarker may not be the complete answer.•“Mutational Load” is a very important factor and may be a better predictor of response to a single PD-1 blockade.•Micro-environment influences responses to PD-1 blockade …....hypoxia, metabolism, genetics.ImmunotherapyConclusions:Small cell lung cancerSafety and efficacy of single agent rovalpituzumab tesirine (SC16LD6.5), a delta-like protein 3 (DLL3)-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in recurrent or refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC)Presented By Charles Rudin at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingSCLC Kaplan-Meier Overall SurvivalPresented By Charles Rudin at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Favorable Comparison vs. Existing 2L and 3L CTXPresented By Charles Rudin at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingLocal Consolidative Therapy (LCT) Improves Progression-Free Survival (PFS) in Patients with Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) who do not Progress after Front Line Systemic Therapy (FLST): Results of a Multi-Institutional Phase II Randomized StudyPresented By Daniel Gomez at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingTrial DesignPresented By Daniel Gomez at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingTrial DesignPresented By Daniel Gomez at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Prognostic Factors for PFSPresented By Daniel Gomez at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingImproved Overall Survival in Lung Cancer Patients <br />using a Webapplication-mediated Follow-up compared to Standard Modalities: <br />Results of a Phase III Randomized TrialPresented By Fabrice Denis at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingPhase 3 multi-centric randomized studyPresented By Fabrice Denis at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingOverall Survival ImprovementPresented By Fabrice Denis at 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting Other « intensive » clinical follow-up studiesPresented By Fabrice Denis at 2016 ASCO Annual MeetingChallenges for the Next Decade•Expanding biomarker-directed therapy –Transitioning to multiplex testing–BRAF, Exon 14 MET, HER2•Defining role of immunotherapy •Squamous histology-directed therapy •Small cell lung cancer•Maintenance ‒ what surrogate can we use?Figure 6Source: Cell , Volume 144, Issue 5, Pages 646-674 (DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013)Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and ConditionsTrends Continuing as Screening for Lung CA Evolves •Earlier Detection–NLST Results finding survival benefitwith CT screening•Earlier Diagnosis–Navigational Bronchoscopy•More Treatment Options–Early stage Lung CA improvedprognosis, more flexibility withtreatment options tailored to patientDuke Raleigh Hospital Cancer CenterMultidisciplinary Lung Cancer Care TeamStanding: Brenda Wilcox , RN; Dr. Jennifer Garst; Lisa Dowd, NP; Dr. Albert Chang Seated: Dr. Catherine Chang, Dr. David White, Katherine Gillis, PA-CRadiation FieldsReferral: Fast andAppropriate•Medical oncologists – appropriate for every lung cancer patient•Thoracic surgeons – role intreatment for all stage patients–Best results from centers that do highernumber of thoracic surgeriesClinical Trials: The Road to New Therapeutic Advances •With the advances being made in lung cancer treatment, clinical trials are an attractivetherapy option•The family physician is often the most trusted – your advice carries a lot of weight!•You don’t need to know that there is a trial available, just plant the seed!Trends in Management of Lung CA HOPE Image GuidanceLess invasiveBetter OutcomesTargeted Therapy Earlier DetectionTeam HOPE•We all need a team of support: •Family and friends•Advocacy groups like LCI•Social media/blogs/ carebridges •Local medical team•Consulting medical team •Spiritual support and more…...Our “A” team: Jonathan Choe, PA-C, Vereterrica Rushdan, RMA, Jennifer Mizelle, RN, Elattmont Spiller, patient care coordinatorHeather Hooper, Executive Director Thank You to Our Staff!Lynne Ritter,Director of FinanceKhaki Stelten, Communications & Development Manager Jenni Danai Programs Manager Parker Shields Administrative & Program AssistantCynamon Frierson, Communication & Marketing ManagerWe are very much looking forward to partnering with you in the cause and making lung cancer awareness andresearch a priority.Together, there ’s always somethingwe can do!。
NSABP乳腺癌系列临床试验PPT课件
More Than 40 Years of Clinical Trial
精选ppt2021最新
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• 1958--- The first patient was enrolled in the first randomized clinical trial undertaken by 23 researchers from participating sites throughout the United States.
NSABP乳腺癌系列临床试验回顾
精选ppt2021最新
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NSABP乳腺癌系列临床试验回顾
• National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project 美国国家外科辅助乳腺癌和 大肠癌研究计划 NSABP国际性合作团体， 成员包括美国、加拿大、波多黎各岛、澳 大利亚等近200个医学中心 到2003年止有 5000多名工作人员，包括医生、护士和其 他专业技术人员 已经对乳腺癌、大肠癌进 行了数十个大规模随机临床试验 是第一个 对乳腺癌进行大规模临床试验的组织
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• 2003--- For more than 40 years, the NSABP has successfully designed and conducted large-scale randomized clinical trials in colorectal and breast cancers that has altered and improved the standard of care for men and women with these diseases. More than 5, physicians, nurses, and other medical professionals at nearly 200 medical sites from across the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, and Australia assist the NSABP in its mission to eliminate colorectal and breast cancers.
肺癌研究报告Lung cancer(英文)ppt课件
large cell carcinoma, cancer composed of large-sized cells
broncho-alveolar carcinoma
PPT学习交流
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Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC)
PPT学习交流
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Environmental Risk Factors Alcohol
Diet and Body Mass
Non-modifiable Risk Factors Age \Race \Sex
PPTs cell carcinoma,squamous epithelium of the lungs or bronchi
Lung cancer is especially common among men in North America, Europe, and Oceania. At the moment, lung cancer rates are higher than ever before among the people of central and Eastern Europe. In Japan, lung cancer has increased tenfold in men and eightfold in women since 1950. In addition, Chinese women, many of whom are nonsmokers, have very high lung cancer rates. This phenomenon has been associated with exposure to cooking oil vapors and other forms of air pollution in the indoor environments of China.
肺癌英文ppt课件
(1).Dysphagia. (2).Hoarseness. (3).Pleural effusion due to invasion of the
pleura.
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Clinical features
There are no symptoms of early lung cancer in some patients.
Symptoms caused by lung cancer are nonspecific:perhaps an audible wheeze or a slight cough,symptoms of infection (fever ,purulent sputum) , of obstruction (wheezing,dyspnea), or ulceration of bronchial mucosa (hemoptysis).
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Incidence and mortality
Bronchogenic carcinoma has increased remarkable in incidence and mortality during half of the century and has become the most frequent visceral malignant diseases of men.The mortality of lung cancer hold the first place among all kinds carcinomas.
(3) Neuropathic or myopathic disorders including polyneuritis ,cerebellar degeneration,mental abnormalitis etc
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Phases of CliniFra bibliotekal Trials
• Phase 3: From 100 to thousands of people
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Genetics Trials
• These trials seek to: – Determine how one’s genetic makeup can influence detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment – Broaden understanding of causes of cancer – Develop targeted treatments based on the genetics of a tumor
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Screening and Early-Detection Trials
• Assess new means of detecting cancer earlier in healthy people
• Possible benefit:
– Detecting disease at an earlier stage, resulting in improved outcomes
2
Phases of Clinical Trials
• Phase 1: 15-30 people
– What dosage is safe? – How should treatment be given? – How does treatment affect the body?
• Phase 2: Less than 100 people
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Clinical Trial Design
• Eligibility criteria: Can range from general (age, sex, type of cancer) to specific (prior treatment, tumor characteristics, blood cell counts, organ function); eligibility criteria also vary with trial phase
– Compare new treatment with current standard
• Phase 4: From hundreds to thousands of people
– Usually takes place after drug is approved – Used to further evaluate long-term safety and
• Possible risks:
– Discomfort and inconvenience – If imaging technique is studied, exposure to x-rays or
radioactive substances
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Diagnostic Trials
• Develop better tools for classifying types and phases of cancer and managing patient care
• Possible benefits:
– New technology may be better and less invasive – Earlier detection of recurrences
• Possible risk:
– May require people to take multiple tests
• Possible risk: – May not benefit from participation
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Clinical Trial Protocol
A written, detailed action plan that: • Provides background about the trial • Specifies trial objectives • Describes trial’s design and organization • Ensures that trial procedures are
effectiveness of new treatment
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Types of Clinical Trials
• Treatment • Prevention • Screening and early detection • Diagnostic • Genetics • Quality-of-life / supportive care
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Quality-of-Life / Supportive Care Trials
• Aim to improve quality of life for patients and their families
• Possible benefit: – Early access to new treatment
consistently carried out
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Investigational Drug Use Outside of a Clinical Trial
• Group C drugs • Treatment Investigational New Drug
application • Compassionate use program
Cancer Clinical Trials
In-Depth Information
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The Drug Development and Approval Process
1. Early research and preclinical testing 2. IND application filed with FDA 3. Clinical trials (phases 1, 2, and 3) 4. NDA filed with FDA 5. FDA validates claim and approves drug