时态,强调句,倒装句,省略句

专题十三强调句，省略句，倒装句

1.强调句

(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。

It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.

不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。

It is American movies that he likes to watch.

他喜欢看的是美国电影。

(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。

Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?

第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?

Is it American films that he likes to watch most?

他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？

(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。

Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?

为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?

(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。

It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.

是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。

(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn‘t/wasn’t until ...that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.

直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。

注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。

Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要当心。

Mike does enjoy playing football. 迈克确实喜欢踢足球。

2.省略句

(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if，unless，as if，though，as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it 时，从句的主语和be常被省略。

Unless (I am) invited, I won t go to the party.

如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。

When (you are) working，you must pay attention.

工作时，你必须全神贯注。

2) 在as，than，however，whatever，no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。

I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).

无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。

I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).

我只能按照吩咐去做。

(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。

Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?

如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?

(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。

John will go there if my brother will(go). 如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。

I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to). 我昨天本来可以来的。

3.倒装句

(1) 表示否定意义或半否定意义的词置于句首时，常用部分倒装。常见的词有:seldom，never，hardly，no，not，little等。Little did he know that the police were around.

他一点儿也不知道警察就在旁边。

Never before has our country been as united as it is. 现在我们的国家空前团结。(2) 由only，not until引导的状语置于句首时,常用部分倒装。

Only by working hard can we succeed.

只有努力工作,我们才能取得成功。

(3) no sooner ...than，hardly ...when等结构中，no sooner和hardly置于句首时，主句用倒装形式。

No sooner had he arrived home, he began to prepare the supper.他一到家就开始准备晚饭。

Hardly had he entered the room, it began to rain.

他一进屋就开始下雨了。

(4) 在so/such ...that引导的结果状语从句中，so或such引导的部分置于句首时主句用倒装。

So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it.

湖水那么浅，以致于没有鱼能在里面生存。

Such a good boy is he that we all love him.

他是那么好的一个孩子，我们都喜欢他。

另外，“so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”so与前面的肯定句呼应，neither/nor 与前面的否定句呼应。其中动词的形式取决于前一句的动词。表示前者的情况也（不）适用于后者或一者(不)具备两种情况。

After that we never saw her again，nor did we hear from her.

从那以后我们再也没见过她，也没有收到过她的信件。

Isaw the film last week.So did she.

上周我看了这部电影，她也看了。

(5) 省略if的虚拟条件句以had/were/should开头引起的倒装。

Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.

如果她是我的朋友，我就会请她帮忙。

1. —What has Tom been doing recently?—I don’t know，care.

A. nor I do

B. nor do I

C. neither am

D. neither I am

2. —How about going to a concert this weekend?

—————? It’s a few months since I enjoyed myself in the last one.

A. Why

B. Why not

C. What for

D. What

3. —Will you go to Mary’s we dding next Sunday?

—No, I won’t -___- I’m invited to