2017-2018学年新疆乌鲁木齐阿克苏市农一师高级中学高二上学期第二次月考化学试题 解析版
【数学】新疆阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三(上)第二次月考试卷(理)(解析版)
新疆阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三(上)第二次月考数学试卷(理科)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.(5分)设集合A={x|x=+,k∈Z},B={x|x=+,k∈Z},则集合A与B的关系是()A.A⊊B B.B⊊AC.A=B D.A与B关系不确定2.(5分)设φ∈R,则“φ=0”是“f(x)=cos(2x+φ)(x∈R)为偶函数”的()A.充分而不必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.即不充分也不必要条件3.(5分)若tanθ+=4,则sin2θ=()A.B.C.D.4.(5分)已知P、Q是圆心在坐标原点O的单位圆上的两点,分别位于第一象限和第四象限,且P点的纵坐标为,Q点的横坐标为.则cos∠POQ=()A.B.C.﹣D.﹣5.(5分)由函数f(x)=sin2x的图象得到g(x)=cos(2x﹣)的图象,需要将f(x)的图象()A.向左平移个单位B.向左平移个单位C.向右平移个单位D.向右平移个单位6.(5分)函数f(x)=sin(x)﹣log2x的零点个数为()A.1 B.2 C.3 D.47.(5分)若函数f(x),g(x)分别是R上的奇函数、偶函数,且满足f(x)﹣g(x)=e x,则有()A.f(2)<f(3)<g(0)B.g(0)<f(3)<f(2)C.f(2)<g(0)<f(3)D.g(0)<f(2)<f(3)8.(5分)直线x=t(t>0)与函数f(x)=x2+1,g(x)=ln x的图象分别交于A、B两点,当|AB|最小时,t值是()A.1 B.C.D.9.(5分)若函数f(x)=,若f(a)>f(﹣a),则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣1,0)∪(0,1)B.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(1,+∞)C.(﹣1,0)∪(1,+∞)D.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(0,1)10.(5分)函数f(x)=A sin(ωx+φ)(A>0,ω>0,|φ|<)的部分图象如图示,将y= f(x)的图象向右平移个单位后得到函数y=g(x)的图象,则g(x)的单凋递增区间为()A.[2kπ﹣,2kπ] B.[2k,2kπ]C.[kπ,kπ] D.[kπ,kπ],11.(5分)设函数,且αsinα﹣βsinβ>0,则下列不等式必定成立的是()A.α>βB.α<βC.α+β>0 D.α2>β212.(5分)函数f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且满足f(x+2)=f(x).当x∈[0,1]时,f(x)=2x,若方程ax+a﹣f(x)=0(a>0)恰有三个不相等的实数根,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(,1)B.[0,2] C.(1,2)D.[1,+∞)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.(5分)f(x)=lg(sin x﹣cos x)的定义域是.14.(5分)已知,,则=.15.(5分)由曲线y2=2x和直线y=x﹣4所围成的图形的面积为.16.(5分)若函数f(x)=(sin x+cos x)2﹣2cos2x﹣m在[0,]上有零点,则实数m的取值范围是.三、解答题:解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤,共70分.17.(10分)设p:关于x的不等式a x>1的解集为{x|x<0},q:函数y=lg(ax2﹣x+a)的定义域为R,若p∨q为真,p∧q为假,求实数a的取值范围.18.(12分)已知函数.(Ⅰ)求f(x)的最小正周期;(Ⅱ)若不等式f(x)﹣m<2在上恒成立,求实数m的取值范围.19.(12分)已知f(x)=m(x﹣2m)(x+m+3)(m≠0),g(x)=2x﹣2.(1)若函数y=|g(x)|与y=f(x)有相同的单调区间,求m值;(2)∃x∈(﹣∞,﹣4),f(x)g(x)<0,求m的取值范围.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=4tan x sin(﹣x)cos(x﹣)﹣.(1)求f(x)的定义域与最小正周期;(2)讨论f(x)在区间[﹣,]上的单调性.21.(12分)已知函数,曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程是5x ﹣4y+1=0.(Ⅰ)求a,b的值;(Ⅱ)设g(x)=2ln(x+1)﹣mf(x),若当x∈[0,+∞)时,恒有g(x)≤0,求m的取值范围.22.(12分)设函数f(x)=a cos2x+(a﹣1)(cos x+1),其中a>0,记|f(x)|的最大值为A.(1)求f′(x);(2)求A;(3)证明:|f′(x)|≤2A.【参考答案】一、选择题1.B【解析】对于B,x=+=(2k+1),因为k是整数,所以集合A表示的数是的奇数倍;对于A,x=+=(k+2),因为k+2是整数,所以集合B表示的数是的整数倍.因此,集合B的元素必定是集合A的元素,集合A的元素不一定是集合B的元素,即B⊊A.故选B.2.A【解析】f(x)=cos(2x+φ)(x∈R)为偶函数,由f(﹣x)=f(x)可得:cosφ=±1,解得φ=kπ,k∈Z.∴“φ=0”是“f(x)=cos(2x+φ)(x∈R)为偶函数”的充分不必要条件.故选:A.3.D【解析】sin2θ=2sinθcosθ=====故选D.4.D【解析】由题意可得,sin∠xOP=,∴cos∠xOP=;再根据cos∠xOQ=,可得sin∠xOQ=﹣.∴cos∠POQ=cos(∠xOP+∠xOQ)=cos∠xOP•cos∠xOQ﹣sin∠xOP•sin∠xOQ=﹣=﹣,故选:D.5.B【解析】∵y=cos(2x﹣)=sin(2x+)=sin2(x+),只需将函数y=sin2x的图象向左平移个单位得到函数y=cos(2x﹣)的图象.故选:B.6.C【解析】函数f(x)=sin(x)﹣log2x的零点个数,即函数y=sin()的图象与函数y=log2x的图象交点的个数.如图所示:由于函数y=sin()的图象与函数y=log2x的图象的交点的个数为3,故选:C.7.D【解析】根据题意,函数f(x),g(x)分别是R上的奇函数、偶函数,则有f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),g(﹣x)=g(x),又由f(x)﹣g(x)=e x,①则f(﹣x)﹣g(﹣x)=﹣f(x)﹣g(x)=e﹣x,即f(x)+g(x)=﹣e﹣x,②联立①②解可得:f(x)=,g(x)=﹣,g(0)=﹣1,f(2)=,f(3)=,分析可得:g(0)<f(2)<f(3);故选:D.8.B【解析】设函数y=f(x)﹣g(x)=x2﹣ln x+1,求导数得y′=2x﹣=当0<x<时,y′<0,函数在(0,)上为单调减函数,当x>时,y′>0,函数在(,+∞)上为单调增函数所以当x=时,所设函数的最小值为+ln2,所求t的值为.故选B.9.C【解析】由题意.故选C.10.D【解析】由图象知A=1,T=﹣=,T=π⇒ω=2,由sin(2×+φ)=1,|φ|<得+φ=,⇒φ=,⇒f(x)=sin(2x+),则图象向右平移个单位后得到的图象解析式为g(x)=sin[2(x﹣)+]=sin(2x﹣),由2kπ﹣≤2x﹣≤2kπ+,k∈Z,即可解得g(x)的单凋递增区间为:[kπ,k],k∈Z.故选:D.11.D【解析】令f(x)=x sin x,x∈,∵f(﹣x)=﹣x•sin(﹣x)=x•sin x=f(x),∴f(x)=x sin x,x∈为偶函数.又f′(x)=sin x+x cos x,∴当x∈[0,],f′(x)>0,即f(x)=x sin x在x∈[0,]单调递增;同理可证偶函数f(x)=x sin x在x∈[﹣,0]单调递减;∴当0≤|β|<|α|≤时,f(α)>f(β),即αsinα﹣βsinβ>0,反之也成立;故选D.12.A【解析】由f(x+2)=f(x)可得函数f(x)的周期为2,当x∈[0,1]时,f(x)=2x,又f(x)为偶函数,则当x∈[﹣1,0]时,f(x)=﹣2x,由ax+a﹣f(x)=0得f(x)=ax+a,作出y=f(x)和y=ax+a的图象,要使方程ax+a﹣f(x)=0(a>0)恰有三个不相等的实数根,则由图象可得直线y=ax+a的斜率必须满足k AC<a<k AB,由题意可得A(﹣1,0),B(1,2),C(3,2),则k AC==,k AB==1.即有<a<1.故选A.二、填空题13.(2kπ+,2kπ+)(k∈Z)【解析】要使函数式f(x)=lg(sin x﹣cos x)有意义,只需满足,sin x﹣cos x>0,即sin x>cos x,根据三角函数线可知,如右图(不含边界),当角的终边在直线y=x上方时,符合题意,此时,2kπ+<x<2kπ+,即函数f(x)的定义域为:(2kπ+,2kπ+)(k∈Z),故答案为:(2kπ+,2kπ+)(k∈Z).14.【解析】∵sinα+cosα=sin(α+)=﹣,∴sin(α+)=﹣,∵α∈(,π),∴α+∈(,),∴cos(α+)=﹣=﹣.∴tan(α+)==.故答案为:.15.18【解析】解得曲线y2=2x和直线y=x﹣4的交点坐标为:(2,﹣2),(8,4)选择y为积分变量∴由曲线y2=2x和直线y=x﹣4所围成的图形的面积S==(y2+4y﹣y3)|﹣24=18故答案为:1816.[﹣1,]【解析】函数f(x)=(sin x+cos x)2﹣2cos2x﹣m=sin2x﹣cos2x﹣m=sin(2x﹣)﹣m在[0,]上有零点,故函数y=sin(2x﹣)的图象和直线y=m在[0,]上有交点,函数y=sin(2x﹣)在[0,]上的值域为[﹣1,],故m∈[﹣1,],故答案为:[﹣1,].三、解答题17.解:命题p:关于x的不等式a x>1的解集为{x|x<0},∴0<a<1;命题q:函数y=lg(ax2﹣x+a)的定义域为R,∴ax2﹣x+a>0恒成立,∴,解得a>;若p∨q为真,p∧q为假,则p与q一真一假;∴,或;综上,a的取值范围是0<a≤或a≥1.18.解:(Ⅰ)∵=.∴f(x)的最小正周期.(Ⅱ)又∵,∴,即,∴f(x)max=3.∵不等式f(x)﹣m<2在上恒成立∴m>f(x)max﹣2=1即m的取值范围是(1,+∞).19.解:(1)函数y=|g(x)|=,|g(x)|在(﹣∞,1)上是减函数,在(1,+∞)是增函数.对于f(x),m≠0时为二次函数,两个零点2m,﹣m﹣3,其对称轴为x=即x=,则=1,可得m=5;(2)x∈(﹣∞,﹣4)时,g(x)<0,则∃x∈(﹣∞,﹣4),f(x)>0.考虑其否定:∀x∈(﹣∞,﹣4),f(x)≤0,对于f(x),m≠0时为二次函数,两个零点2m,﹣m﹣3,则有,解得﹣2≤m≤0.∃x∈(﹣∞,﹣4),f(x)>0,则m<﹣2或m>0.20.解:(1)∵f(x)=4tan x sin(﹣x)cos(x﹣)﹣.∴x≠kπ+,即函数的定义域为{x|x≠kπ+,k∈Z},则f(x)=4tan x cos x•(cos x+sin x)﹣=4sin x(cos x+sin x)﹣=2sin x cos x+2sin2x﹣=sin2x+(1﹣cos2x)﹣=sin2x﹣cos2x=2sin(2x﹣),则函数的周期T=;(2)由2kπ﹣≤2x﹣≤2kπ+,k∈Z,得kπ﹣≤x≤kπ+,k∈Z,即函数的增区间为[kπ﹣,kπ+],k∈Z,当k=0时,增区间为[﹣,],k∈Z,∵x∈[﹣,],∴此时x∈[﹣,],由2kπ+≤2x﹣≤2kπ+,k∈Z,得kπ+≤x≤kπ+,k∈Z,即函数的减区间为[kπ+,kπ+],k∈Z,当k=﹣1时,减区间为[﹣,﹣],k∈Z,∵x∈[﹣,],∴此时x∈[﹣,﹣],即在区间[﹣,]上,函数的减区间为∈[﹣,﹣],增区间为[﹣,].21.解:(Ⅰ)求导函数,可得.∵曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程是5x﹣4y+1=0.∴,∴,∴(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知:,∴,则,令h(x)=﹣mx2+(2﹣2m)x+2﹣2m,当m=0时,h(x)=2x+2,在x∈[0,+∞)时,h(x)>0,∴g′(x)>0,即g(x)在[0,+∞)上是增函数,则g(x)≥g(0)=0,不满足题设.当m<0时,∵且h(0)=2﹣2m>0∴x∈[0,+∞)时,h(x)>0,g′(x)>0,即g(x)在[0,+∞)上是增函数,则g(x)≥g(0)=0,不满足题设.当0<m<1时,则△=(2﹣2m)2+4m(2=2m)=4(1﹣m2)>0,由h(x)=0得;则x∈[0,x2)时,h(x)>0,g′(x)>0即g(x)在[0,x2)上是增函数,则g(x2)≥g(0)=0,不满足题设.当m≥1时,△=(2﹣2m)2+4m(2=2m)=4(1﹣m2)≤0,h(x)≤0,g′(x)≤0,即g(x)在[0,+∞)上是减函数,则g(x)≤g(0)=0,满足题设.综上所述,m∈[1,+∞).22.解:(1)f′(x)=﹣2a sin2x﹣(a﹣1)sin x.(2)当a≥1时,|f(x)|=|a cos2x+(a﹣1)(cos x+1)|≤a+2(a﹣1)=3a﹣2=f(0),因此,A=3a﹣2.当0<a<1时,将f(x)变形为f(x)=2a cos2x+(a﹣1)cos x﹣1.令g(t)=2at2+(a﹣1)t﹣1,则A是|g(t)|在[﹣1,1]上的最大值,g(﹣1)=a,g(1)=3a﹣2,且当时,g(t)取得极小值,极小值为.令,解得(舍去),.(ⅰ)当时,g(t)在(﹣1,1)内无极值点,|g(﹣1)|=a,|g(1)|=2﹣3a,|g(﹣1)|<|g(1)|,所以A=2﹣3a.(ⅱ)当时,由g(﹣1)﹣g(1)=2(1﹣a)>0,知.又,所以.综上,.(3)由(1)得|f′(x)|=|﹣2a sin2x﹣(a﹣1)sin x|≤2a+|a﹣1|.当时,|f′(x)|≤1+a≤2﹣4a<2(2﹣3a)=2A.当时,,所以|f′(x)|≤1+a<2A.当a≥1时,|f′(x)|≤3a﹣1≤6a﹣4=2A,所以|f′(x)|≤2A.。
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2017----2018学年第一学期高二历史月考考试卷(无答案)
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2017----2018学年第一学期高二历史月考考试卷(无答案)- 1 - / 42017----2018学年第一学期月考考试卷高二年级 历史(满分:100分 时间:90分钟)一、单项选择题(共50分,每小题2分)1.毛泽东善读史书,对嬴政很是赞赏,他曾说“百代都行秦政制”,对此理解正确的是( ) A .秦使分封制寿终正寝 B .推行郡县制影响重大 C .皇帝制度被后世采用 D .三公九卿得以延续2.古人坐船从位于漓江的桂林直达位于湘江的长沙,这种场景最早只可能发生在( ) A. 商朝 B. 西周 C. 战国 D. 秦朝3.京剧表演艺术家尚长荣在京剧《贞观盛世》中常扮演耿直进谏的名臣,尚长荣扮演的角色是( )A.程咬金B. 李世民C. 魏征D. 秦叔宝4.唐朝时,蔬菜品种日益丰富,开始出现原产于地中海的莴苣、印度的刀豆、波棱国(今尼泊尔)的菠菜等。
这种情况的出现得益于唐太宗( )A .休养生息政策B .仁义为本原则C .民族团结政策D .对外开放政策5.“民为邦本,本固邦宁”是唐太宗的治国理念之一。
在社会民生方面,他强调( ) ①撰写《帝范》,反省过失 ②休养生息,轻徭薄赋 ③不夺农时,推行均田制 ④选贤任能,虚怀纳谏 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④6.中国是多民族国家,历史上创造了许多处理民族关系的成功经验。
下列史实中,发生在清朝的是( )A .与吐蕃和亲、设置羁縻府州B .设置典客主管少数民族及外交事务C .设立宣政院管辖西藏及四川、青海部分地区D .册封哲布尊丹巴、章嘉管理蒙古地区喇嘛教务 7.17世纪末,康熙帝面临的维护国家统一的问题有 ( ) ①地方叛乱 ②台湾割据 ③西藏独立 ④外来侵略 A .①②③ B .①②④ C .②③④ D .①③④8.右图中数字代表了康熙帝为巩固统一多民族国家、捍卫国家主权而采取的重大军事行动,其先后顺序应是( )A.①②③④B.②④③①C.③④②①D.④③②①9.避讳是中国封建社会特有的现象,其中对当代帝王及本朝历代皇帝之名进行避讳是主要的一类。
2018届新疆阿克苏市农一师高级中学高三上学期第二次月考 政治
2018届新疆阿克苏市农一师高级中学高三上学期第二次月考政治温馨提示:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,满分100分,考试时间90分钟2、本试卷命题范围:必修一《经济生活》3、请考生将选择题答案填涂在答题卷卡规定位置,否则视为无效答案。
4、正式开考前,请在规定位置填写姓名、班号,正式开考后才允许答题。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共48分)—、单项选择题(共24小题,每小题2分,共48分。
)1.如果人们在生活或者工作中遇到了问题,知识技能类共享平台可以以付费语音的方式为其答疑解惑。
2016年年初以来,互联网上涌现出许多新的知识付费产品,公众人物的入驻更是引爆了知识分享经济。
在这里()①为“知识”付费是符合市场经济规则的市场交易行为②共享平台是商品,它既是劳动产品又以交换为目的③互联网为“知识”价值的实现提供了有利的平台④被公众人物吸引消费是违背价值规律的非理性行为A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2.假设2016年人民币对美元汇率中间价报为6.30,此时美国M品牌手机在中国售价为6 300元。
2017年美国生产M品牌手机的社会劳动生产率提高25%,且同期人民币对美元贬值10%。
在不考虑其他因素的情况下,此时美国M品牌手机在中国的售价为()A.5 544元B.5 040元C.5 600元D.4 536元3.人民币汇率走势一直是民众最关心的话题之一。
2016年人民币汇率走势一路向下,人民币对美元汇率中间价更是在岁末跌破6.9关口,跌得让人心惊。
人民币汇率的这种变化对我国经济的影响可能有()①扩大出口商品价格优势→推动出口贸易发展→增创外汇②人民币实际价值减少→降低人民币国际购买力→增加财政收入③美元实际价值增加→优化美国对外投资结构→增强美国投资优势④从美国进口商品人民币价格升高→增加企业进口成本→促使企业自身转型升级A.①④B.②③C.①③D.③④4.2016年9月30日,北京、天津发布楼市调控新政,其后全国20余个热点城市也纷纷发布调控新政。
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2018第一学期高二语文月考试卷
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2018第一学期高二语文月考试卷第 2 页第 3 页第 4 页(4)上以为老,以庄为汝南太守。
数岁,以官卒。
三、名句默写(10分)12、补写出下列名句的空缺部分(1)__________________,风飘飘而吹衣(2)引壶觞以自酌,__________________。
(3)__________________,鸟倦飞而知还。
(4)__________________,烟光凝而暮山紫。
(5)穷且益坚,__________________。
(6)__________________,秋水共长天一色(7)且举世誉之而不加劝,__________________。
(8)且夫水之积也不厚,__________________。
(9)至人无己,__________________,圣人无名。
(10)__________________,处涸辙以犹欢。
四、诗歌鉴赏13、阅读下面两首诗,然后回答问题(9分)江城子·密州出猎苏轼老夫聊发少年狂,左牵黄,右擎苍,锦帽貂裘,千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守,亲射虎,看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张,鬓微霜,又何妨。
持节云中,何日遣冯唐?会挽雕弓如满月,西北望,射天狼。
(1)“老夫聊发少年狂”中的“狂”字在整首词中有何作用?(4分)(2)“会挽雕弓如满月,西北望,射天狼”勾勒出了怎样的形象?表达了作者怎样的心态?(5分)五、语言运用(16分)14、仿照画线句子,另写两个能与之构成排比的分句。
(5分)诗意的产生,常常是突然而又自然的。
譬如在冰天雪地里行走,蓦然见到一株灿烂怒放的梅花;________________,________________;________________,________________。
15、用一句话概括下面文段的主要信息,不超过15个字。
(5分)12月26日,工行北京市分行与北京市电信公司签署了《资金扣划协议》和《中国工商银行网上银行企业客户服务协议》这是北京市分行为电信企业实行系统内统一调配资金,提高资金利用率并加强对下属单位资金控制管理的一大服务措施,是双方在今年上半年签订《代收市话话费协议》基础上的又一次成功合作。
新疆阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考理数试卷含答案
第一师高级中学2017-2018学年第一学期高三年级第二次月考理科数学试卷第Ⅰ卷(60分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
=,,,,4224k k A x x k z B x x k z ππππ⎧⎫⎧⎫=+∈==+∈⎨⎬⎨⎬⎩⎭⎩⎭1. 已知集合则集合A 和B 的关系是( ).A A B≠⊂.B B A≠⊂.C A B = .D A B 与关系不确定2. 设ϕ ∈ R ,则“ϕ = 0 ”是“ f ( x ) = cos(2x + ϕ)( x ∈ R ) 为偶函数"的( )A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件 3。
若4tan 1tan =+θθ,则=θ2sin ( ) A 。
错误! B. 错误! C. 错误! D. 错误!4. 已知Q P ,是圆心在坐标原点O 的单位圆上的两点,分别位于第一象限和第四象限,且P 点的纵坐标为54,Q 点的横坐标为135,则=∠POQ cos ( ) A .6533 B 。
6534 C.6534- D.6533-5. 由函数()sin 2f x x =的图象得到()cos 26g x x π⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的图象,需要将()f x 的图象( ) A .向左平移3π个单位 B .向左平移6π个单位 C .向右平移3π个单 D .向右平移6π个单位 6. 函数25()sin log 22f x x x π⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的零点个数为( ) A .1 B .2 C .3 D .47。
若函数 f (x ), g (x ) 分别是 R 上的奇函数、偶函数,且满足 f (x ) - g (x ) = e x ,则有( ) A . f (2) < f (3) < g (0) B . g (0) < f (3) < f (2)温馨提示:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
新疆阿克苏市农一第一师高级中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考化学试卷含解析
新疆阿克苏市农一第一师高级中学2017—2018学年第一学期高三年级第二次月考化学试卷(解析版)2017-2018学年度高三年级第二次月考化学试卷1.对中国古代著作涉及化学的叙述,下列解读错误的是A. 《天工开物》中“凡石灰,经火焚炼用”里的“石灰"指的是Ca(OH B。
《黄白第十六》中“曾青涂铁,铁赤如铜”,“曾”青是指可溶性铜C. 《本草纲目》中“冬月灶中所烧薪柴之灰,令人以灰淋汁,取碱浣衣"碱是K2CO3D。
《汉书》中“高奴县有洧水可燃"这里的“洧水”指的是石油【答案】A【解析】《天工开物》中“凡石灰,经火焚炼为用"里的“石灰”指的是CaO,故A错误;“曾青涂铁,铁赤如铜”,其“曾青”是可溶性铜盐,例如硫酸铜溶液,故B正确;草木灰中含有K2CO3,故C正确;《汉书》中“高奴县有洧水可燃”,石油可燃,这里的“洧水"指的是石油,故D正确。
2.下列化学用语表示正确的是( )B. 次氯酸的结构式:H—O—Cl A。
S2-的离子结构示意图:C。
水分子的比例模型:D。
NCl的电子式:3【答案】B【解析】A、S2-是S原子得到2个电子,与质子数无关,因此S2-的结构示意图为,故A错误;B、次氯酸结构式为H-O-Cl,故B 正确;C、黑球为O,灰球为H,此模型为球棍模型,故C错误;D、没有表示出Cl最外层电子数,故D错误。
3。
常温下,不可能与小苏打溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体的物质是A。
酸溶液B。
碱溶液 C. 盐溶液 D. 氧化物【答案】B【解析】试题分析:A.酸溶液可以与小苏打溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体,错误;B.碱溶液不可能与小苏打溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体,正确;C.盐溶液若水解显酸性,也可能与小苏打溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体,错误;D.氧化物若溶于水,产生酸,则也可能与小苏打溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体,错误。
考点:考查物质的化学性质及应用的知识。
4.安徽古代科学家方以智在其《物理小识》卷七《金石类》中指出:有硇水者,剪银块投之,则旋而为水。
2017-2018学年新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学高二第二次月考生物试题(解析版)
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学2017-2018学年高二第二次月考生物试题第I卷(选择题)1.手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病,多发生于婴幼儿,可引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹,个别患者可引起心肌炎、肺水肿、无菌性脑膜脑炎等并发症。
引发手足口病的肠道病毒有20多种(型),以下关于肠道病毒的叙述正确的是()A. 肠道病毒的遗传物质由5种碱基和8种核苷酸组成B. 肠道病毒的蛋白质外壳是利用宿主的氨基酸合成的C. 病毒遗传物质的复制是利用病毒自己的核苷酸和酶来完成D. 可用含碳源、氮源、水、无机盐的普通培养基培养肠道病毒【答案】B【解析】一种病毒只有一种核酸:DNA或RNA,因此肠道病毒的核酸由4种碱基和4种核苷酸组成,A错误;病毒在侵染宿主时,把核酸注入宿主细胞内,因此除了最初的模板是自身的,其它的合成子代病毒所需的原料、酶、能量等均由宿主细胞提供,B正确,C错误;病毒营寄生生活,单独存在无生命特征,因此只能用相应的活细胞培养病毒,D错误。
【点睛】本题以肠道病毒为素材,考查病毒、噬菌体侵染细菌的实验,要求学生识记病毒的结构,明确病毒没有细胞结构,不能独立生存;识记噬菌体侵染细菌的过程,并能进行迁移应用。
2.下列有关生命的物质基础和结构基础的阐述,不正确的是()A. C、H、0、N、P是ATP、染色质、核酸共有的化学元素B. 线粒体、核糖体、酶等物质肯定不含有核糖C. 线粒体、核糖体等在其活动中都可以产生水D. 脱氧核糖、葡萄糖、核糖既存在于植物细胞内,又存在于动物细胞内【答案】B【解析】ATP是三磷酸腺苷,组成元素是C、H、O、N、P,染色体由蛋白质和DNA 组成,含有C、H、O、N、P元素,核酸的组成元素也是C、H、O、N、P,A正确;线粒体、核糖体中含有RNA,因此含有核糖,酶的本质是蛋白质或RNA,可能含有核糖,B错误;在线粒体内膜上进行有氧呼吸的第三个阶段产生水,核糖体中进行脱水缩合反应生成水,C正确;脱氧核糖、葡萄糖、核糖是动植物细胞共有的单糖,D正确。
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学2017-2018学年高二第二次月考数学理试卷 含答案 精品
第一师高级中学2017-2018学年第一学期高二年级第二次月考数学试卷(理科)第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)1.4名同学报名参加两个课外活动小组,每名同学限报其中的一个小组,则不同的报名方法共有( )A. 4种B. 16种C. 64种D. 256种2.从装有2个红球和2个黑球的口袋内任取2个球,那么互斥而不对立的两个事件是( ) A. 至少有1个黑球与都是黑球 B. 至少有1个黑球与至少有1个红球 C. 恰有1个黑球与恰有2个黑球 D. 至少有1个黑球与都是红球 3.下列选项中,说法正确的是( )A. 命题“2,0x R x x ∃∈-≤”的否定是“2,0x R x x ∃∈->”B. 命题“p q ∨为真”是命题“p q ∧为真”的充分不必要条件C. 命题“若22am bm ≤,则a b ≤”是假命题D. 命题“在ABC 中,若1sin 2A <,则6A π<”的逆否命题为假命题 4.已知方程(k 2-1)x 2+3y 2=1是焦点在y 轴上的椭圆,则k 的取值范围是()A.(-∞,-2)∪(2,+∞)B. (-∞,-1)∪(1,+∞)C. (—2,2)D. (—1,1)5.五名同学站成一排,若甲与乙相邻,且甲与丙不相邻,则不同的站法有() A. 36种 B. 60种 C. 72种 D. 108种 6.根据此程序框图输出S 的值为1112,则判断框内应填入的是( )A. 8?i ≤B. 6?i ≤C. 8?i ≥D. 6?i ≥7.矩形ABCD 中,2,1AB BC ==,O 为AB 的中点,在矩形ABCD 内随机取一点,则取到的点到O 的距离大于1的概率为 A.8π B. 18π- C. 4π D. 14π- 温馨提示:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,满分150分,考试时间120分钟2、本试卷命题范围:3、请考生将选择题答案填涂在答题卷卡规定位置,否则视为无效答案。
4、正式开考前,请在规定位置填写姓名、班号,正式开考后才允许答题。
2017-2018学年新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学高二第二次月考英语试卷
农一师高级中学2017-2018学年第一学期高二年级第二次月考英语试卷温馨提示:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,满分150分,考试时间120分钟2、本试卷命题范围:必修一到必修四3、请考生将选择题答案填涂在答题卷卡规定位置,否则视为无效答案。
4、正式开考前,请在规定位置填写姓名、班号,正式开考后才允许答题。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)一、阅读理解第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AThis day three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop in England and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what the trouble was about. The three foreigners seemed all at sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus — the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well if he/she knows that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will probably leave you thirsty.At a meal in countries on the Arabic Peninsula, you will find that your glass is repeatedly refilled as soon as you drink up. If you think that you have had enough, you should take the cup or glass in your hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs when you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting. Doing this in Thailand, however, could cause trouble. Also, you should try to avoid touching the head of an adult —it's just not done in Thailand.1.The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way because the gentlemen ________.A. were foreignersB. didn't have ticketsC. made a loud noiseD. didn't line up for the bus2.According to the article, if you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country,you should ________.A. learn the language of the countryB. understand the manners and customs of the countryC. have enough time and moneyD. make friends with the people there3.In India it is considered impolite ________.A. to use the right hand for passing food at tableB. to pass food with the left handC. to eat food with your handsD. to help yourself at table4.The best title for this article is ________.A. People's Everyday LifeB. Mind Your MannersC. Shaking and Nodding HeadD. Taking a Bus in EnglandB"Can I see my baby?" the happy new mother asked. When the baby was lying in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped(喘气). The doctor turned quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.Time proved that the baby's hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was imperfect. When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be unfortunate. He cried out the tragedy, A boy, a big boy… cal led me a freak(怪人).He grew up, handsome. A favourite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. “But you might communicate with other young people,” his mother blamed him, but he felt a kindness in her heart.Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son, “You’re going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it’s a secret.” The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged.Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the ears? Who gave me so much? I could never do enough for him or her.” “ I do not believe you could,” said the father, “but the agreem ent was that you are not to know… not yet.”The years kept their secret, but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mother’s casket, Slowly. Tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears“Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut,” his father whispered, gently, “and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they?”5.Why did Mother gasp when she saw her newborn baby?A. Because her son had a tiny face.B. Because she saw her son cryingC. Because her son was born imperfectD. Because her son was in her arms6.Which word can describe Mother’s feeling when the son threw himself into her arms?A. NervousB. SympatheticC. ProudD. Angry7.Who gave the son the ears?A. A doctorB. His fatherC. His motherD. A stranger8.The underlined word “reveal” in the last but one paragraph means “_______”A. seeB. showC. findD. searchCAt times my mom has been uncomfortable seeing these qualities in me. For example,when I was 12,I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer. My mom was extremely nervous about it. She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico(波多黎各),to always put on sunscreen(防晒霜),not to wander away from my grandmother,and other warnings. She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.But despite(尽管)her worries,she let me go on my own. As I moved into my teens,she continued to give me space to grow and learn,even when it might have been difficult for her. When I reached my senior year,I decided to move away for college. Once again I found that I differed from my peers(同龄人):While many of them wanted to stay close to home,I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own. While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away,she was supportive and excited for me.One big thing I realized during my senior year,as my mom granted(允许)me more freedom,was that she actually believes in me and trusts me. That means a lot. Most of my life,and especially when I was little,the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother. I knew she expected nothing but the best from me. Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards: getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all A’s.I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on what’s important, like education,and made me who I am. I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life. Most of all I respect her. She is the strongest woman I know and that’s why I have turned out so strong and independent.9.When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico,his mother________.A. didn’t allow him to do soB. wanted to go with himC. worried about his safetyD. asked his grandmother for advice10.Why did the author decide to move away for college?A. He wanted to be different from his peers.B. He planned to keep away from his mother.C. He intended to make his mother unhappy.D. He wanted to be independent11.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the author’s mother________.A. had a high expectation of himB. cared little about his learningC. used to expect nothing from himD. was too strict with him12.What does the author mainly want to tell us in the text?A. His mother’s deep love for himB. The importance of his mother’s trust and supportC. His long way to become independentD. His good relationship with his motherDGlenn was born on July 18,1921, in Cambridge and grew up in nearby New Concord, Ohio. He started his flying career as a fighter pilot(飞行员). Later, Glenn took a dangerous job as a test pilot, flying new planes to see if they were safe.In the late 1950s, a “space race” began between the U. S. and the Soviet Union. Both countries wanted to be the first to send a human into space, including to the moon. In 1961, a Russian astronaut, Yuri Gagarin, orbited Earth. But the space race was not over yet. Glenn’s chance to go into space came on February 20, 1962. By that time, another American, Alan B. Shepard, had flown in space, but he had not orbited Earth. Glenn’s flight was aired live on television and radio. Americans everywhere stopped to watch.Glenn’s Friendship 7 capsule circled the planet three times. A faulty equipment led Glenn to believe the capsule might burn up on its return to Earth, but in the end it splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean. He became the first American to orbit Earth in a spaceship.In 1984, Glenn ran for president, but he did not get enough support and dropped out of the race. Glenn returned to space on October 29, 1998, when he was 77. He spent nine days on the space shuttle Discovery. Glenn went so that scientists could test the effects of space travel on older people. He holds the record for being the oldest person in space. Glenn died Thursday, Dec, 8,2016, at the age of 95.Glenn refused to see himself as a hero. He preferred to focus on his work, saying. “If there is one thing I’ve learned in my years on this planet, it’s that the happiest people I’ve known are those who devoted themselves to something bigger and more meaningful than merely their own self-interest.”13.What do we know about John Glenn?A. He worked as a fighter pilot in all his lifeB. He succeeded in the race for president in 1984C. He competed with another pilot Alan B in space raceD. He was the first American to circle Earth successfully14.What happened during Glenn’s return to Earth?A. The capsule opened while circling EarthB. One part of the equipment went wrongC. The capsule was on fire all of a suddenD. The spaceship stopped working halfway15.Why did Glenn return to space in 1998?A. To prove the safety of new space shuttlesB. To get support for his running for presidentC. To test how space travel affected the elderlyD. To become the oldest person in space by orbiting Earth第二节Currently, people from all over the world prefer to shop online. Experts predict our spending online over the next five years will grow by 129%. But how can you protect yourselves when shopping online?71.It should be protected by up-to-date anti-virus software, and you should also install a personal firewall, which will stop hackers attacking your system. Check that your firewall is open before you start shopping, and when you finish, be sure to log out. Take a minute to look at the website before you buy anything. Check that the company has a geographical address as well as a telephone number. 72.Sellers should have a list of all your rights somewhere on their website, and you need to read this before you decide to shop there. 73.As a general rule, online companies usually give their customers seven days to cancel their order if they change their minds about their purchase.74.It is a lock-shaped symbol and you can find it on the browser bar (浏览器栏) at the bottom of the screen. Another indication of a safe website is its address. The address should not begin with “http” but “https” —the letter “s” stands for secure.The final stage of online shopping is the order confirmation. This is proof that you’ve bought a product from this company, and it contains the special reference number for your order. 75.You might need it if there’s a problem.A.You should always print this information and keep it somewhere.B.If this happens, your credit card will offer you the best protection.C.A special icon (图标) will tell you if the website you are using is safe.D.Make sure that your device, for example your laptop or tablet, is safe to use at alltimes.E.When you buy thin gs on the Internet, there’s no chance that something may gowrong.F.If you can’t find the list, you should probably choose a different website.G.It’s generally better to use sellers that you know about or ones that have beenrecommended to you.第二部分语言知识运用第一节完型填空(共40小题,满分60分)AIn our daily life, we have too many things to deal with. It seems as if life is always tiring. However, whenever I feel 16_, I’m grateful to everything life_17____me and try to make the best of everyday. I learnt this attitude towards life from the story of my friend Joanne.In middle school, Joanne was always _18__ , with a big smile on her face, as if she was always _19__with what life offered her. But soon, things _20__ changed. She passed away because of a serious_21__. Her smiles only exist in my memory. The last time I saw her in the hospital, she was terribly ill. However, she still__22_ a warm smile and was happy about my _23_ . I prayed(祈祷)for her recovery. _24__ , she lost the battle against __25_at last.This made me think of another story. Maria and Jessie, who were good friends, had a big argument one day and they _26__to talk to each other in the following months. Maria, who was deeply sorry for her __27_words, intended to call Jessie to _28__first but don’t have e nough__29__to do it. feeling quite _30__ , she asked her classmates for _31_, and even consulted some of her teachers. For many times, she _32__her phone but gave up at last._33__one afternoon, she got the news that Jessie had lost her life in a traffic accident.The lesson I learned is that nobody can _34__what will happen in the future. Anytime you feel upset or depressed, why don’t you change your__35_and value every day! 16.A. bored B. exhausted C. lonely D. angry17.A. offers B. awards C. impresses D. suggests18.A. hopeful B. cheerful C. smart D. fortunate19.A. excited B. surprised C. content D. regret20.A. completely B. exactly C. frequently D. similarly21.A. accident B. disaster C. hunger D. disease22.A. burst B. wore C. forced D. formed23.A. gift B. words C. behaviors D. visit24.A. Luckily B. Happily C. Unfortunately D. Angrily25.A. death B. enemy C. family D. life26.A. agreed B. refused C. stopped D. continued27.A. encouraging B. convincing C. rude D. cruel28.A. forgive B. comfort C. persuade D. apologize29.A. words B. strength C. courage D. time30.A. upset B. harmed C. regretted D. respected31.A. trouble B. excuse C. agreement D. advice32.A. used up B. picked up C. put up D. came up33.A. Unless B. After C. Before D. Until34.A. tell B. observe C. doubt D. ignore35.A. impression B. feeling C. attitude D. mindBAnna lived on the side of a valley.One summer, there was a very big _36__ , and a lot of houses down below Anna's were washed away.Anna's house was 37 enough to escape the flood, so when the water had _38__ and the other houses were __39 _there with no roof and no walls and all covered with mud(泥), her house was just all right.Her house was quite small, her husband was dead, and she had four children, _40_ Anna took in one of the families that had lost _41_ in the flood and she_42__her home with them until it was __43__ for them to rebuild their house.Anna's friends were __44__when they saw Anna do this.They could not understandwhy Anna wanted to give _45__so much more work and trouble when she already had quite a few children to__46__.“Well,” Ann a _47___her friends, “at the end of the First World War, a woman in the town where I then lived found herself very_48___ , because her husband had been killed in the_49___ and she had a lot of children, _50_ I have now.The day before Christmas, this wom an said to her children, ‘We won’t be able to have much for Christmas this year, so I’m going to __51_ only one present to all of us.Now I’ll go and get it.’ She came back with a_52__ who was even poorer than they, and who had no parents.‘Here’s our _53__ ,she said to her children.The children were __54_ and happy to get such a present.They _55__ the little girl, and she grew up as their sister.Such was that Christmas present.”36.A. earthquake B. accident C. flood D. fire37.A. below B. high C. big D. small38.A. reduced B. come C. appeared D. disappeared39.A. rising B. flowing C. falling D. standing40.A. so B. but C. for D. since41.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something42.A. gave B. found C. shared D. built43.A. possible B. necessary C. important D. obvious44.A. worried B. disappointed C. puzzled D. satisfied45.A. them B. herself C. him D. us46.A. support B. supply C. grow D. educate47.A. explained to B. asked for C. talked with D. turned up48.A. sad B. poor C. rich D. happy49.A. war B. storm C. rain D. flood50.A. because B. as C. which D. that51.A. get B. send C. buy D. make52.A. boy B. girl C. student D. teacher53.A. child B. daughter C. sister D. present54.A. angry B. excited C. lovely D. sorry55.A. disliked B. gained C. welcomed D. led第二卷第一部分语法填空There was no one quite like my father. When any other man had an extra dollar, he bought a drink; when Father had an extra dollar, he bought a book. Other people had pictures on their walls, or at least a calendar; we had books, 3000 of them, 56.(line) every surface of our little four-room house 57.every subject. Father was the 58.(more) persistent (固执的) scholar I ever knew. Every summer he took a month or so off to attend classes. Eventually, he earned seven degrees, attended 11 different colleges and universities. My sister and I were the immediate b eneficiaries of Father’s insatiable (不能满足的) 59.(hungry) to learn.Before I was three, my father was reading aloud to me. Thereafter, I read aloud to him so he’d work on my 60.(pronounce). By the time I was in the fifth grade, I’d recite61.classical literature to poetry and had to be prepared to do 62.. Then Father would warn by quoting a saying from Shakespeare, “63.all the year were playing holidays, to sport would be as tedious(乏味的) as to work. “Obviously, his efforts weren’t 64.(entire) in vain, for my voice has enable me to earn a fair livelihood. But that fact doesn’t begin to define the most debt 65.I owe my father.214.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。
新疆阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考物理试卷含答案
2017-2018学年第一学期高三年级第二次月考物理试卷温馨提示:1、本试卷满分100分,考试时间90分,考试范围:高三一轮复习(第一章到第四章)2、请考生将选择题答案填写在答题卷规定位置,否则视为无效答案。
3、正式开考前,请在规定位置填写姓名、班号,正式开考后才允许答题。
第Ⅰ卷选择题(共48分)一、选择题(本题共有12小题,每小题4分,共48分。
1—8为单选,9-12为多选)1、如图,用橡皮筋将一小球悬挂在小车的架子上,系统处于平衡状态.现使小车从静止开始向左加速,加速度从零开始逐渐增大到某一值,然后保持此值,小球稳定地偏离竖直方向某一角度(橡皮筋在弹性限度内).与稳定在竖直位置时相比,小球的高度()A.一定升高B.一定降低C.保持不变D.升高或降低由橡皮筋的劲度系数决定2、如图所示,在倾角为37°错误!的斜面底端正上方h高处平抛一物体,该物体落到斜面上时速度方向正好与斜面垂直,则物体抛出时的初速度的大小是( )A。
错误!B.3错误!C.错误!错误!D.错误!错误!3、如图所示,长度不同的两根轻绳L1与L2,一端分别连接质量为m1和m2的两个小球,另一端悬于天花板上的同一点O,两小球质量之比m1∶m2=1∶2,两小球在同一水平面内做匀速圆周运动,绳L1、L2与竖直方向的夹角分别为30°与60°,下列说法中正确的是()A.绳L1、L2的拉力大小之比为1∶3B.小球m1、m2运动的向心力大小之比为1∶6C.小球m1、m2运动的周期之比为2∶1D.小球m1、m2运动的线速度大小之比为1∶24、如图所示,质量为m的小球置于正方体的光滑盒子中,盒子的边长略大于球的直径.某同学拿着该盒子在竖直平面内做半径为R的匀速圆周运动,已知重力加速度为g,空气阻力不计,则( )A.若盒子在最高点时,盒子与小球之间恰好无作用力,则该盒子做匀速圆周运动的周期为2πR gB.若盒子以周期π错误!做匀速圆周运动,则当盒子运动到图示球心与O点位于同一水平面位置时,小球对盒子左侧面的力为4mg C.若盒子以角速度2错误!做匀速圆周运动,则当盒子运动到最高点时,小球对盒子下面的力为3mgD.盒子从最低点向最高点做匀速圆周运动的过程中,球处于超重状态;当盒子从最高点向最低点做匀速圆周运动的过程中,球处于失重5、2013年12月15日4时35分,“嫦娥三号”着陆器与巡视器(“玉兔号”月球车)成功分离,巡视器顺利驶抵月球表面.一同学设计实验来测定月球的第一宇宙速度:设想通过月球车上的装置在距离月球表面h高处平抛一个物体,抛出的初速度为v0,测量出水平射程L,已知月球的半径为R,月球的第一宇宙速度为( ) A。
阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考语文试卷
2017--2018学年第一学期高三年级第二次月考语文试卷第Ⅰ卷阅读题(70分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
远去的邮驿在我国,邮驿通信从有确凿文字记载的商朝算起,至今已有3000多年的历史了。
邮驿是古代官府为传递文书、接待使客、转运物资而设立的通信和交通机构,它有三大特点:一是官办、官用、官管;二是以通信为主体,融通信、交通、馆舍于一体;三是采用人力或人力与物力(车、船、牲畜)相结合的接力传递方式。
历代王朝都很看重邮驿,称其为“国脉”。
唐代的官办驿站遍设于交通线上。
一般是30 里一站,既办通信,又为驿夫和旅客提供食宿。
公元630 年前后,共有驿夫18000 多名,专事传送公文和军情。
唐代诗人王维的《陇西行》中所写到的邮驿颇为传神:“十里走一马,五里一扬鞭。
都护军书至,匈奴围酒泉。
关山正飞雪,峰戍断无烟。
”关山飞雪,连烽火台都燃不起告警的烽烟,而军情火急,唯靠驿夫加紧催马传送军书。
敦煌是古代丝绸之路的重要关口。
在繁荣的汉唐时期,那里“五里一邮,十里一亭”,有序地排列在丝路沿线。
驿道上传送着各种公文、书信。
其中,还有角上插有羽毛的信,就好比是今日之“加急”快件,驿骑们必须快马加鞭,急速进行传递。
1987年在敦煌发现的悬泉置便是一个著名的古代邮驿。
在那里存有数万片简牍,其中大部分都是传递过程中的书信。
20世纪初,敦煌莫高窟藏经洞被发现。
在那价值连城的敦煌遗书中,书信占有一定比例,内容涉及当时敦煌社会的各个层面。
当年邮驿之盛、丝绸之路之繁华,在这些被尘封的信牍中也得到了充分的反映。
迢迢驿路见证了一个个朝代的兴衰,以及因战乱而给国家和黎民造成的灾难。
在敦煌遗书中,有一封《为肃州刺史刘臣壁答南蕃书》,便是安史之乱后在吐蕃大兵压境的情况下,从敦煌向肃州(今酒泉)所发出的一封求援信。
可是由于战乱致驿道受阻,这封信终未到达目的地,而在敦煌藏经洞中沉睡了千年。
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2018第一学期高二历史月考考试卷
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2018第一学期高二历史月考考试卷第 - 2 - 页第 - 3 - 页第 - 4 - 页C.滑铁卢战役D.奥斯特里茨战役18.下列历史活动与克伦威尔有关的是()①指挥议会军队取得纳西比战役的胜利②处死查理一世,宣布英国为共和国③就任护国主,成为军事独裁者④领导“光荣革命”,推翻复辟的斯图亚特王朝A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①②③④19.拿破仑统治时期,法国大革命的成果得以维护,其表现是①打败反法同盟②发展资本主义工商业③制定《法国民法典》④远征俄国A.②③④ B.①③④ C.①②③ D.①②④20.“他使世界第一次看到了,原来人类可以超越打江山坐江山的逻辑。
他是为独立和自由而战,而不是为权力和交椅而战”。
文中“他”最有可能是A.列宁 B.华盛顿 C.甘地D.马克思21.下栏为世界近代史上一位资产阶级政治家的“成长记录”。
据此判断他是()A.克伦威尔B.华盛顿C.拿破仑D.甘地21.华盛顿出任美国首届总统的法律依据是()A.《独立宣言》B.《邦联条例》C.《联邦宪法》D.《权利法案》22.克伦威尔、华盛顿、拿破仑作为欧洲资产阶级革命时代的杰出代表,有着诸多相同之处①非凡的军事指挥才能②走上独裁道路③主持政局时制定行之有效的内外措施④反对封建专制制度A.①②③④ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①③④23.“前年杀吴禄贞,去年杀张振武,今年又杀宋教仁,你说是应桂馨,他说是洪述祖,我说确是袁世凯。
”这幅挽联中提及的事件最终引发了A.辛亥革命 B.武昌起义C.五四运动 D.二次革命24.孙中山是中国民主革命的先行者,他开始踏上民主革命道路的标志是()A.上书李鸿章受挫 B.建立兴中会C.建立中国同盟会 D.提出三民主义25.一百年前,孙中山提出的民族、民权、民生三大主义成为革命党人奋斗的纲领。
一下论述能够体现民权主义思想的是()A.“就算汉人为君主,也不能不革命”B.“驱除鞑虏之后,光复我民族的国家”C.“改良社会经济组织,核定天下午物价”D.“涤二百六十年之腥膻,复四千年知祖国”二、非选择题(共50分)第 - 5 - 页第 - 6 - 页29.阅读材料回答问题(17分) 材料1:皇帝之功,劝劳本事。
新疆阿克苏市高级中学2017-2018学年第一学期高二地理月考
2017-2018学年第一学期高二地理月考(卷)(考试时间:100分钟)一、选择题(每题2分,共50 分)据报道,到目前为止,已有俄罗斯、美国、新西兰、澳大利亚等南极旅游大国和智利、阿根廷、日本等开展了旅游项目,中国国家旅行社总社表示正在筹划到南极旅游的项目开发。
据此回答1—3题。
1.南极旅游的兴起,表明()A.旅游主体的大众化 B.旅游空间的扩大化 C.旅游形式的多样化 D.旅游目的的娱乐化2.南极旅游的兴起,与下列哪些因素无关()A.科学技术的进步B.人们求知、探密和搜奇欲望的增长C.交通工具的发展D.促使不同国家和地区的文化交流,增进友谊3.旅游业被称为“朝阳产业”的原因是()A.在20世纪50年代才开始出现B.能满足人民精神消费的需求C.在国民经济中的地位和作用越来越重要D.旅游业正由发达国家转移到发展中国家4.旅游业能促进社会文化繁荣,主要表现在()①提供大量就业机会②带动相关产业的发展③促进国民素质和生活质量的提高④促进区域经济的发展A.①②B.②③C.①③D.②④5、按旅游资源的分类,五大连池、神农架、青城山—都江堰、安塞腰鼓一般分别归属于()A.地质地貌景观、生物景观、古建筑景观、风土民情景观B.水文景观、地质地貌景观、风土民情景观、古建筑景观C.水文景观、生物景观、水文景观、文化艺术景观D.地质地貌景观、气候气象景观、古建筑景观、风土民情景观6、2011年10月17日,在第八届国际旅游文化推介会上,马尔代夫驻华大使表示:“四川有着令人羡慕的旅游资源”。
“虽然四川没有1200个岛屿,但你们有超过1200个景点。
”这说明旅游资源具有( )A.多样性 B.非凡性 C.可创造性D.永续性7、冰川、高山湖泊、雅丹地貌、山地牧场、葡萄沟、丝绸之路……,这些旅游资源是新疆旅游业的发展基础,但新疆旅游资源优势并未转化为经济优势,其原因有()①旅游资源的特色不突出②旅游资源的类型少③旅游地区的接待能力较弱④旅游资源与客源地距离远A. ①② B.②④ C. ①③ D.③④彰显个性“自由行”是最为时尚的旅游方式,它综合了组团出游的低花费和自助游的自由、随意性,因此自从面世以来日益受到现代旅游者的青睐。
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学2017-2018学年高二第二次月考语文试卷 人教版高二上册
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学2017-2018学年高二第二次月考语文试卷人教版高二上册第一师高级中学2015-2016学年第二学期高一年级第二次月考语文试卷第Ⅰ卷(阅读题共80分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面一段文字,完成1~3题。
南宋范成大在《醉落魄.栖乌飞绝》中云:“花影吹笙,满地淡黄月。
”此乃一绝妙的境界,花影扶苏,淡云拂地,月光绰绰。
而苏轼的《水龙吟》也具此类风韵:“……一池萍碎。
春色三分,二分尘土,一分流水。
细看来,不是杨花点点,是离人泪。
”朦朦胧胧,迷离忧愁,自有独特的美感。
雾里看花,乃中国美学的一种境界,它构成了中国含蓄美学的另一种表现形式。
曲径通幽,以婉转委曲的传达,产生优雅流畅的美感;雾敛寒江在于从艺术形式的内部激起一种张力,从而创造一个回荡的空间,展示丰富的艺术内容;雾里看花,则通过迷离恍惚产生独特的美感,与西方美学中的朦胧美有着相似的内涵,但却略有不同,它具有独特的哲学思想内涵。
谢榛谓作诗“妙在含糊”,董其昌谓作画“正如隔帘看花,意在远近之间”;恽南田曰“山水要迷离”……这些论述均意在说明,迷离微茫能产生比清晰直露更妙的美感。
中国古代有三远之说,北宋郭熙以平远、高远和深远为画之三远法。
郭熙稍后的韩拙又提出三远说:“郭氏曰:山有三远……愚又论三远者:有近岸广水、旷阔遥山者谓之阔远;有烟雾暝漠、野水隔而不见者谓之迷远;景物至绝而微茫飘渺者谓之幽远。
”韩拙眼中,迷远被视为一种重要的山水境界。
阔远,弥望的是无边的山色,幽远更是“微茫飘渺“,也具有迷远的审美特征。
故可说,韩氏“三远”突出了迷远的地位,使中国画的朦胧处理从技法而走向理论自觉。
唐宋山水画就有很多重迷远的例子,如李思训善画云雾飘渺之态,《历代名画记》说他:“其画山水树石,云霞缥缈,时睹神仙之事,窅然岩岭之幽。
”李成更以平远迷离山景见长,苏辙谓其:“缥缈营丘水墨仙,浮空出没有无间。
【高二】新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市2017-2018学年高二《物理》上学期第二次月考试题及答案
新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市2017-2018学年高二物理上学期第二次月考试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共50分)一.选择题(1-7有一个选项是正确的,8---10有多个选项是正确的。
全部选对得5分,选不全的得3分,有错误选项的不得分,共50分)1.示波管中,2s 内有6×1013个电子通过截面大小不知的电子枪,则示波管中电流大小为A .4.8×10-6AB .9.6×10-6AC .3×1013AD .6×10-6A 2.关于电源电动势,下列说法正确的是( )A. 1号干电池比7号干电池电动势大B. 同一电源接入不同的电路,电动势就会发生改变C. 电源电动势与外电路有关D. 电源的电动势是反映电源把其他形式的能转化为电能的本领大小的物理量3.电阻R 和电动机○M 相串联接到电路中,如图所示,已知电阻R 跟电动机线圈的电阻相等,开关接通后,电动机正常工作,设电阻R 和电动机两端的电压分别为U 1和U 2;经过时间t ,电流通过电阻R 做功W 1,产生的电热为Q 1;电流通过电动机M 做功W 2,产生的电热为Q 2,则有( )A.U 1=U 2,Q 1=Q 2B.W 1=W 2,Q 1=Q 2C.W 1<W 2,Q 1<Q 2D.W 1<W 2,Q 1=Q 24.如图所示的电路中,闭合电键,灯L 1、L 2正常发光,由于电路出现故障,突然发现灯L 1变亮,灯L 2变暗,电流表的读数变小,根据分析,发生的故障可能是 A .R 1断路 B .R 2断路 C .R 3短路 D .R 4短路5.一个门电路的两个输入端A 、B 与输出端Z 的波形如图所示,则该门电路是A.“与”门B.“或”门C.“与非”门D.“或非”门6.一带电油滴在匀强电场E 中的运动轨迹如图中虚线所示,电场方向竖直向下。
若不计空气阻力,则此带电油滴从a 运动到b 的过程中,说法正确的有()A. 粒子带正电B. 电势能增加C. 动能和电势能之和减小D. 重力势能和电势能之和减小7.如图,带电荷量之比为q A ∶q B =1∶3的带电粒子A 、B 以相等的速度v 0从同一点出发,沿着跟电场强度垂直的方向射入平行板电容器中,分别打在C 、D 点,若OC =CD ,忽略粒子重力的影响,则( )A. A 和B 在电场中运动的时间之比为2∶1B. A 和B 运动的加速度大小之比为4∶1C. A 和B 的质量之比为1∶2D. A 和B 的位移大小之比为1∶18.在用欧姆表测电阻的实验中,用“×10”挡测量一个电阻的阻值,发现表针偏转角度极小,正确的判断和做法是:( ) A. 这个电阻值很小 B. 这个电阻值很大C. 为了把电阻测得更准确一些,应换用“×1”挡,重新测量D. 为了把电阻测得更准确一些,应换用“×100”挡,重新测量9.如图所示电路中,电源的电动势、内阻及各电阻的阻值都标志在图中,当滑动变阻器3R 的滑片P 向a 端移动时,以下说法中正确的是( )A .电压表示数变小,电流表示数变小B .电阻1R 两端的电压减小C .电源的总功率减少但电源的输出功率增大D .如果设定流过电阻2R 电流变化量的绝对值为2I ∆,流过滑动变阻器3R 的电流变化量的绝对值为3I ∆,则有2I ∆<3I ∆10.四个相同的电流表分别改装成两个大量程电流表和两个大量程电压表,电流表A 1的量程大于A 2的量程,电压表V 1的量程大于V 2的量程,把它们按如图所示接入电路( )A. A 1的读数比A 2的读数大B. A 1的指针偏转角度比A 2指针偏转角度大C. V 1读数比V 2读数大D. V 1指针偏转角度比V 2指针偏转角度大第II 卷(共50分)三、实验题(每空2分,实物连图3分,连线有错就不得分,共17分)11.一个未知电阻,无法估计其电阻值,某同学用伏安法测量此电阻,用图(a )(b )两种电路各测一次,用(a )图所测数据为3.0V ,3.0mA ,用(b )图测得的数据是2.9V , 4.0mA ,由此可知,用____________图测得Rx 的误差较小,测量值 Rx =____________。
新疆阿克苏市农一师中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷含答案
第一师高级中学2017-2018学年高三年级第二次月考英语试卷第Ⅰ卷(共三部分选择题共100分)第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节(共5小题;每小题1。
5分,满分7。
5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷时相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15。
B。
£ 9.18。
C。
£ 9。
15。
答案是C.1。
What does die woman want to do?A。
Find a place. B. Buy a map. C。
Get an address.2。
What will the man do for the woman?A。
Repair her car. B. Give her a ride. C. Pick up her aunt。
3. Who might Mr。
Peterson be?A. A new professor。
B。
A department head。
C。
A company director。
4。
What does the man think of the book?A。
Quite difficult. B。
Very interesting. C. Too simple。
5. What are the speakers talking about?A。
Weather。
B。
Clothes。
C。
News.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22。
5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
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新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏市农一师高级中学2017-2018学年高二第二次月考化学试卷温馨提示:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,满分100分,考试时间90分钟2、本试卷命题范围:选修4第一章到第三章第三节3、请考生将选择题答案填涂在答题卷卡规定位置,否则视为无效答案。
4、正式开考前,请在规定位置填写姓名、班号,正式开考后才允许答题。
可能用到的原子量:H-1,N-14,O-16,Na-23,Cu-64,Cl-35.5,Ag-108第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)1. 下列溶液因水解而呈酸性的是()A. NaHSO4B. CH3COONaC. NH4ClD. KI【答案】C【解析】A.NaHSO4为强酸的酸式盐,不水解,发生电离显酸性,故A不选;B.CH3COONa 为强碱弱酸盐,水解显碱性,故B不选;C.NH4Cl3为强酸弱碱盐,水解显酸性,故C选;D.KI是强酸强碱盐,不发生水解,溶液显中性,故D不选;答案为C。
2. 下列溶液中微粒浓度关系一定正确的是()A. pH=7的氨水与氯化铵的混合溶液中:[Cl-]>[NH4+]B. 25℃时pH=2的一元酸和pH=12的一元强碱等体积混合:[OH-]=[H+]C. 0.1mol·L-1的硫酸铵溶液中:[NH4+]>[SO42-]>[H+]D. 0.1mol·L-1的硫化钠溶液中:[OH-]=[H+]+[HS-]+[H2S]【答案】C【解析】试题分析:A、溶液电中性,即有c(NH4+)+c(H+)=c(Cl-)+c(OH-),pH=7则有c(H+)=c(OH -),因此有c(NH4+)=c(Cl-),故错误;B、酸可能是弱酸,则溶液可能显酸性,如果酸是强酸,则有c(H+)=c(OH-),故正确;C、(NH4)2SO4,NH4+水解,但水解程度微弱,溶液显酸性,离子浓度大小顺序是c(NH4+)>c(SO42-)>c(H+)>c(OH-),故正确;D、根据质子守恒,则有c(OH -)=c(H+)+c(HS-)+2c(H2S),故错误。
考点:考查离子浓度大小比较等知识。
3. 某温度时,一定压强下的密闭容器中发生反应:a X(g)+b Y(g)c Z(g)+d W(g),达平衡后保持温度不变,体积减小至原来的一半,再达平衡时Z的浓度变为原平衡状态的1.7倍,下列叙述正确是()A. 平衡正向移动B. Z的体积分数变小C. X的转化率变大D. (a+b)>(c+d)【答案】C【解析】保持温度不变压强增大至原来的2倍,将容器的容积压缩到原来容积的一半,假定平衡不移动,W浓度变为原来的2倍,达到新平衡时,物质W的浓度是原来的1.7倍,说明平衡向逆反应方向移动,则应由a+b<c+d,A、由上述分析可知,增大压强平衡向逆反应移动,选项A错误;B、平衡向逆反应移动,Z的体积分数减小,选项B正确;C、由上述分析可知,增大压强平衡向逆反应移动,X的转化率变大,选项C错误;D、平衡向逆反应方向移动,则应由a+b <c+d,选项D错误。
答案选B。
4. 下列变化一定会影响化学平衡的是()A. 浓度B. 催化剂C. 压强D. 温度【答案】D【解析】试题分析:A、前后气体体积不变的反应,同等程度改变反应混合物的浓度不会引起平衡的移动,故A错误;B、使用催化剂只能同等程度改变化学反应的速率,不会引起化学平衡的移动,故B错误.C、对于没有气体参加的反应,或是前后气体体积不变的反应,压强改变不会引起平衡的移动,故C错误;D、任何化学反应一定伴随能量的变化,升高温度,化学平衡一定是向着吸热方向进行,降低温度平衡向放热反应方向移动,改变温度,平衡一定移动,所以D选项是正确的;所以D选项是正确的.考点:影响化学平衡的因素5. 下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是()A. 纯碱溶液中:Al3+、Ba2+、Cl-、NO3-B. 室温下,pH=1的溶液中:K+、Fe2+、MnO4-、I-C. 能使甲基橙变为黄色的溶液中:Na+、Al3+、Cl-D. 室温下,=1×10-12的溶液中:K+、Na+、CO32-、NO3-【答案】D【解析】A、纯碱为Na2CO3,CO32-与Al3+发生双水解,CO32-与Ba2+生成BaCO3沉淀,因此不能大量共存与纯碱溶液,故A错误;B、MnO4-具有强氧化性,能把Fe2+、I-氧化,因此不能大量共存,故B错误;C、甲基橙变为黄色,溶液可能显碱性,Al3+在碱中不能大量共存,故C错误;D、根据=1×10-12,推出溶液显碱性,这些离子能够大量共存,故D正确。
6. 25℃时,水的电离达到平衡:H2O H++OH-△H>0,下列叙述正确的是()A. 向平衡体系中加入水,平衡正向移动,c(H+)增大B. 将水加热,K w减小C. 向水中加入少量硫酸氢钠固体,增大D. 向水中加入少量N a OH固体,平衡正向移动,c(H+)降低【答案】C【解析】A、向平衡体系中加入水,平衡不移动,c(H+)不变,选项A错误;B、水的电离是吸热过程,升高温度,平衡正向移动,K w增大,选项B错误;C、向水中加入少量硫酸氢钠固体,c (H+)增大,增大,选项C正确;D、向水中加入少量NaOH固体,氢氧根离子浓度增大,平衡逆向移动,c(H+)降低,选项D错误。
答案选C。
7. 某温度下,反应2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g)的平衡常数K1=4×10-4,在同一温度下,反应SO2(g)+ 1/2O2(g) SO3 (g)的平衡常数K2的值为()A. 250B. 200C. 50D. 2×10-2【答案】B【解析】某温度下,2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g)的平衡常数K1=4×10-4,所以相同温度下SO3 (g)SO2(g)+ 1/2O2(g)的平衡常数K==2×10-2,在同一温度下,反应SO2(g)+ 1/2O2(g) SO3 (g)的平衡常数K2==50。
答案选C。
8. 100 mL 6 mol·L-1的H2SO4溶液跟过量锌粉反应,在一定温度下,为了减缓反应进行的速率,但又不影响生成氢气的总量,可向反应物中加入适量的()①Na2CO3溶液②水③K2SO4溶液④KNO3溶液A. ①③B. ②③C. ①④D. ②④【答案】B【解析】试题分析:100 mL 6 mol·L-1的H2SO4溶液跟过量锌粉反应,在一定温度下,影响速率的因素是硫酸的浓度,硫酸的物质的量决定生成氢气的多少。
加入Na2CO3溶液,消耗硫酸生成二氧化碳,生成氢气的量减少;加水,硫酸浓度减小,速率减慢;加入K2SO4溶液,只能使硫酸浓度减小,速率减慢;加入KNO3溶液,生成硝酸,锌与硝酸反应不能生成氢气。
故B正确。
考点:本题考查化学反应速率。
9. 下列关于误差分析的判断正确的是()A. 酸碱中和滴定中滴定终点读数时仰视会使测得浓度偏小B. 用托盘天平称取药品时,药品和砝码位置颠倒,药品质量一定偏大C. 配制1mol·L-1的NH4NO3溶液时未恢复至室温就转移并定容,所得溶液浓度偏小D. 用润湿的pH试纸测氯水的pH会使测定结果偏大【答案】D【解析】A. 酸碱中和滴定中滴定终点读数时仰视,标准液体积偏大,使测得浓度偏大,A正确;B. 用托盘天平称取药品时,药品和砝码位置颠倒,若游砝在0时,药品质量无影响,B错误;C. 配制1mol·L-1的NH4NO3溶液时未恢复至室温就转移并定容,所得溶液浓度偏小,C正确;D. 氯水的漂白性,无法用润湿的pH试纸测氯水的pH,D错误。
10. 下列溶液肯定显酸性的是()A. 和金属铝反应产生氢气的溶液B. 加酚酞显无色的溶液C. pH<7的溶液D. c(H+)>c(OH-)的溶液【答案】D11. 下列叙述正确的是( )A. 盐酸中滴加氨水至中性,溶液中溶质为氯化铵B. 稀醋酸加水稀释,醋酸电离程度增大,溶液的pH减小C. 饱和石灰水中加入少量CaO,恢复至室温后溶液的pH不变D. 同浓度、同体积的强酸与强碱溶液混合后,溶液的pH=7【答案】C【解析】A、当盐酸和氨水恰好中和生成NH4Cl时,由于铵根离子水解呈酸性,若使溶液呈中性,应继续向溶液中加入氨水,故溶液中的溶质是NH4Cl和NH3•H2O,故A错误;B、向稀醋酸中加水时,醋酸的电离平衡正向移动,醋酸的电离程度增大,但c(H+)减小,故pH 增大,故B错误;C、温度不变,Ca(OH)2的溶解度不发生变化,故饱和石灰水中c(OH-)的浓度不变,所以pH不变,故C正确;D、同浓度同体积的强酸与强碱溶液混合后,如果酸和碱中电离出的氢离子、氢氧根离子数目相同,则溶液的pH=7,当酸和碱中电离出氢离子、氢氧根离子数目不同时,混合液可能为酸性或碱性,故D错误;故选C。
点睛:本题考查了酸碱反应的溶液酸碱性判断,弱电解质稀释溶液pH变化。
本题的易错点为C,饱和石灰水中加入氧化钙会与水反应生成氢氧化钙,析出晶体后溶液仍是饱和溶液,温度不变,离子浓度不变。
12. 下列叙述正确的是()A. SO2的水溶液能导电,所以SO2是电解质B. 酸式盐的水溶液呈酸性C. 醋酸的电离程度随温度的升高而增大D. 凡是强酸和碱生成的盐,其水溶液呈中性【答案】C【解析】A. SO2的水溶液能导电是因为二氧化硫与水反应生成的亚硫酸是电解质,所以SO2是非电解质,故A错误;B. 酸式盐的水溶液不一定呈酸性,如碳酸氢钠溶液呈碱性,故B 错误;C. 醋酸是弱电解质,所以醋酸的电离程度随温度的升高而增大,故C正确;D. 凡是强酸和碱生成的盐,其水溶液不一定呈中性,如氯化铵溶液呈酸性,故D错误。
故选C。
点睛:化合物的电离是其水溶液或者熔融液导电的基础。
因此,电解质是能够电离的化合物。
13. FeCl 3的水解方程式可写为FeCl3+H2O Fe(OH)3+3HCl,若提高水解程度采取的方法是( )A. 降温B. 加入饱和食盐水C. 加入少量盐酸D. 增加FeCl3的浓度【答案】B【解析】A. FeCl3的水解吸热,降温,FeCl3的水解程度降低;B. FeCl3溶液被稀释,FeCl3的水解程度提高;C. 盐酸抑制FeCl3的水解,FeCl3的水解程度降低;D. FeCl3的水解程度降低。
故选B。
14. 下面说法中,与盐类水解无关的是()①NaHCO3做发酵粉时加入柠檬酸后效果更好②FeCl2溶液中加入一定量的铁粉③实验室配制AlCl3溶液,先把它溶解在盐酸中,而后加水稀释④NH4F溶液不能保存在玻璃试剂瓶中⑤实验室盛放Na2CO3、Na2SiO3等溶液的试剂瓶应用橡皮塞⑥在NH4Cl或AlCl3溶液中加入镁条会产生气泡⑦Na2S溶液和AlCl3溶液反应得不到Al2S3⑧室温下NaHCO3饱和溶液pH约为8.4⑨0.1 mol/L AlCl3溶液中c(Al3+)<0.1 mol/LA. ②⑧B. ①②C. ④⑧D. 全有关【答案】B【解析】①由于NaHCO3与柠檬酸反应生成二氧化碳,与盐类水解无关;②因为2Fe3++Fe3Fe2+,可以防止FeCl2被氧化变质,与盐类水解无关;③盐酸可以抑制AlCl3水解,防止溶液变浑浊;④NH4F的水解产物氢氟酸可与玻璃中的二氧化硅发生反应;⑤Na2CO3、Na2SiO3的水解产物氢氧化钠可与玻璃中的二氧化硅发生反应,产生的硅酸钠溶液可将试剂瓶与玻璃塞粘住;⑥NH4Cl或AlCl3水解产生盐酸,盐酸与镁条发生反应而产生气泡;⑦Na2S与AlCl3水解互促至水解完全,所以反应得不到Al2S3;⑧NaHCO3水解使溶液显碱性;⑨Al3+水解消耗而减少。