河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练3(平行班)

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河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一上学期综合检测地理试题 Word版含解析

镇平一高2017秋高一地理综合检测一．选择题(共25题，每小题2分）读图，完成下面小题。

1. 下列说法正确的是( )①石灰岩是岩浆岩，大理岩是沉积岩②石灰岩是由化学沉淀物或生物遗体堆积而成的③大理岩是由石灰岩变质后形成的④石灰岩是矿产，大理岩不是矿产A. ①③B. ②④C. ②③D. ①④2. 下列说法正确的是( )A. 岩浆侵入地壳，冷却凝固形成大理岩B. 岩浆侵入地壳产生的高压，使石灰岩变质成大理岩C. 长石、方解石组成了大理岩D. 在石灰岩中能够找到化石3. 下列岩石中，与图示岩石类型无关的是( )A. 花岗岩B. 砂岩C. 煤D. 板岩【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】考查三大类岩石及相互转化。

1. 石灰岩是由化学沉淀物或生物遗体堆积而成的，是沉积岩，②正确；大理岩属于变质岩，也属于矿产，③正确。

选C。

2. 石灰岩为沉积岩，在该岩石中能够找到化石；大理岩是由石灰岩经变质作用形成的，它是由方解石组成的岩石。

D正确。

3. 图中岩石有沉积岩和变质岩，而花岗岩属于岩浆岩。

A正确。

下图为岩石圈物质循环简图，图中b类岩石中含有化石。

读图回答下面小题。

4. 图中a、b、c、d最可能代表岩浆的是( )A. aB. bC. cD. d5. 图中表示变质作用的是( )A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④【答案】4. C 5. C【解析】考查岩石圈物质循环。

4. 根据图中各箭头的指向可知，c只能形成a，故c为岩浆，a为岩浆岩。

C正确。

5. 图中①为岩浆活动，②为外力作用，③为变质作用，④为重熔再生。

C正确。

6. 日本御岳火山喷发的能量主要来自( )A. 太阳辐射能B. 重力能C. 核聚变反应D. 放射性元素衰变【答案】D【解析】火山喷发主要是地球内能的释放，能量主要来自地球内部放射性元素衰变。

故选D。

7. 下列地形区中，主要由内力作用形成的是( )①安第斯山②青藏高原③黄土高原④珠江三角洲⑤东非大裂谷A. ①②③B. ④⑤C. ①③⑤D. ①②⑤【答案】D【解析】黄土高原是风力沉积作用形成，珠江三角洲是流水堆积作用形成，均属于外力作用形成；安第斯山脉和青藏高原属于板块碰撞挤压形成，东非大裂谷属于板块内部张裂形成，①②⑤属于内力作用形成。

【K12教育学习资料】[学习]河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一英语暑强化训练试题(

高一英语暑强化训练试题（三）第一部分听力（略）第二部分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）AWhat’s on in Beijing(Sept 2—8) Taking the baton(指挥棒)You may know Li Yundi as one of the leading Chinese pianists, but he is about to take on another role. The pianist will pick up the baton for the first time, leading the Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra for a five-city tour in China, which started in Chongqing on Aug. 29, followed by Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Beijing and Shanghai through September.If you go: 7:30 pm, Sept. 3. Concert Hall, National Center for the Performing Arts. 010-6655-0000.Ticket: 300—1,380 yuan ($45—200)Dutch masters exhibition is closingAn exhibition showcasing masterpieces of the 17th century Dutch Golden Age will come to an end duringthe weekend. The 17th century Dutch Golden Age had several significant artists and a range of great pieces produced during the period, including Jan Vermeer’s A Y oung W oman Seated at a V irginal, Jan Lievens’Boy in a Cape, and Turban and Rembrandt’s Self-Portrait with Shaded Eyes. It is the first time some of the most refined examples of the time have been shown in China.If you go: 9 am—5 pm, through Sept. 3 (closed on Mondays). National Museum of China. 010-6400-1476.Ticket: 50 yuanWhen art is a partyBeijing-born artist Zhao Bandi says he uses a party as a metaphor（隐喻）for society.The 51-year-old addsthat at a party he is able to observe what is happening and keep some distance from it. His exhibition, Zhao Bandi: China Party, is now being held at the 798 area in Beijing.If you go: 10 am—7 pm, closed on Mondays, through Oct. 22. UCCA, 798 Art Zone, Jiuxianqiao, ChaoyangDistrict, Beijing. 010-5780-0200.Ticket: 30—50 yuanGintamaAdapted from the popular manga(漫画) series, Gintama, the Japanese action-comedy film of the same namehits screens in the Chinese mainland today.Click here to learn more.21.When might T aking the baton be on in Shenzhen?A. On Aug. 29.B. On Sept. 1.C. On Sept. 3.D. On Oct. 1.22.If you are fond of the 17th century art works, where can you go to enjoy one?A.On a website.B.In the National Museum of China.C.In the National Center for the Performing Arts.D.In UCCA, 798 Art Zone, Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing.23.If you are free on a Monday after Sept. 3, you’d better consult more_____.A. by dialing 010-6655-0000B. by dialing 010-6400-1476C. by dialing 010-5780-0200D. by clicking the link on itswebsiteBWhen I was nine years old I lived in a small town. I found an ad for selling greeting cards in the back of a children’s magazine. I thought to myse lf I could do this. I begged my mother to let me send for the kit (成套工具).Two weeks later the kit arrived. The next three hours later, I returned home withno card and a pocket full ofmoney shouting, “Mama, all the people couldn’t wait to buy my cards!” A salesperson was born.When I was twelve years old, my father took me to see Zig Ziegler. I remember sitting in the dark hall listening to Mr. Ziegler raise everyone’s spirits up to ceiling. I left there feeling like I could do anything. When we got to the car, I turned to my father and said, “Dad, I want to make people feel like that.”My father asked me what I meant. “I want to be a motivational speaker just like Mr. Ziegler,”I replied. A dream was born.Recently, I began pursuing my dream of motivating others. I realized that everything I had accomplished —the graduate degree, the successful sales career, speaking appointments, training and managing for a major fortune100 company as a senior manager— had prepared me for this moment. I told my boss who was a great leader I would leave the company though I might not reach such a height in career. He told me to proceed and he believed I would succeed.Having made that decision, I was immediately tested. One week after I gave notice, my husband was laid offfrom his job. We had recently bought a new home and needed both incomes to make the monthly mortgage (抵押) payment and now we were done to no income. I even planned to turn back to my former company, knowing they wanted me to stay but I was certain that if I went back, I would never leave. I decided I still wanted to move forward rather than end up with a mouth full of “if onlys” later on. A motivational speaker was born.When I held fast to my dream, even during the tough times, the miracles（奇迹）really began to happen. In ashort time period my husband found a better job. We didn’t miss a mortgage payment. And I was able to book several speaking appointments with new clients (客户). I discovered the incredible power of dreams. I loved my old job, my workmates and the company I left, but it was time to get on with my dream. To celebrate my success I had a local artist paint my new office as a garden. At the top of one wall she marked, “The world always makes way for the dreamer.”24.Why was the kit sent for?A. Selling greeting cards.B. Collecting greeting cards.C. Buying greeting cards.D. Sending greeting cards.25.When did the author decide to become a motivational speaker?A.After buying a new home by mortgage.B.After giving notice to leave her secure position in the company.C.After finding a job in a major fortune 100 company.D.After listening to Mr. Ziegler’s inspiring speech.26.The following statements about the author are correct EXCEPT ________ .A.She was once an excellent manager.B.She left her post at the height of her career.C.She was not sure whether the former company could accept her.D.She didn’t miss paying the monthly mortgage payment.27.What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?A.Carry on with your dreams and you will be successful.B.Risk everything you have for a dream and you will succeed.C.The world belongs to all dreamers.D.Everyone will find their dreams.CLong before iphones, the cigarette was the companion of choice for restlessness. And long before Facebook and WeChat, it was tobacco that promised to better your social life. Now, quitting smartphones has become the new quitting smoking.Of course, technology does not yellow your teeth, cause disease or lead to cancer.But some individuals are soconcerned that device addiction is damaging their mental health. In order to reduce their dependence, even in Silicon Valley, people are turning off the messages that constantly buzz for their attention, banning smartphones from the bedroom and, curiously, changing the colors on their screens to a less tempting scale of gray.The big tech companies will have to work out how to respond to this new generation of quitters. Facebook isthe first to go public with its attempt, hoping its recent move can make the social network more homely.Last year the tech industry got a bad name—Big Tech—with unfortunate echoes(共鸣) of other industries that have faced fierce opposition, including Big Tobacco. Like them, the tech industry has to reduce concern from a new generation of activist shareholders(股东) that are questioning its role in the world. These campaigns are never as fierce as those faced by Big Tobacco. In the 1990s, socially responsible investors refused to put money in tobacco stocks.It is far difficult for investors to challenge Big Tech and hard to separate the good these companies do in theworld—connecting old friends and giving space for people to share their ideas—from the bad. In the meantime, stopping using technology remains problematic. In The W orld W ithout Mind: The Existential Threat of Big T ech, Franklin Foer argues that tech should be seen in a similar way to junk food: a convenience that some reject for more continuing nutrition.So we need to do more to turn the tide. In the same way that public service announcements made smokingaround your children taboo(禁忌),we can warn parents against losing themselves in their smartphones while taking care of kids.We can also create no-smartphone zones at dinner. Eventually smartphones could be banned from all public places and help us give our attention to the people around us instead.28.How did people keep close relationships with others in the past?A. By smoking.B. By drinking.C. By phoningD. By diningout.29.Why is the tech industry called Big Tech?A. It plays a bad role in the world.B. It is as big as Big Tobacco.C. It has an unfortunate name.D. It is a giant in Silicon Valley.30.What can we infer from Franklin Foer’s argument about the tech?A. It promotes social development.B. It is still favored by some people.C. It is worse than Big Tobacco.D. It offers continuing nutrition.31.Which can be the best title for the passage?A.Creating a No Smartphone LifeB.Smartphones Enrich Our Social LifeC.Smoking Does Greater Harm Than Smartphones DoD.Quitting Smartphones Is the New Quitting SmokingDComedy and PsychologyEarlier this year I did a part-time comedy course. The class was taught by Ryan,a professional comedian.Ihad performed a show, which wasn’t originally meant to be a comedy. However, the audience laughed at my first joke, then continued to laugh throughout the routines that were meant to be serious. So it was the audience who told me I was funny, but I didn’ t understand why or how to control the comic (滑稽的) moments. So, I joined the course to learn.“Turn off your editor that makes you say the right thing and remember how to be a child,” explained Ryan. “Don’t try to be clever. Don’t try too hard to be funny…and knowing all about the theory of humor is unlikely to help you much. Just behave in a silly way. That’s what people want to see on stage.” Ryan would help us loosen up by saying things like, “Wander around talking to others, but make sure that you’re the lowest status person here.”I’d say that understanding the psychology of humor has actually helped. RecentlyI came across the bookInside Jokes: Using Humor to Reverse-Engineer the Mind. Its main idea is that any self-directed intelligent system will need to correct its own fault. There’s a risk that the occasional error will be made. If this was boring or burdensome, we’d be less willing to do it. However, evolution has made the process fun.Here’s a joke in the book: Two fish are in a tank. One says to the other, “Do you know how to drive thisthing?” It works on the principle that we have started to imagine one thing—that the tank is the typical container people keep fish in—and, just in time, the following words tell us that our first assumption was wrong—it’s a heavy vehicle. For correctlyfiguring out the error, we are rewarded with a pleasurable feeling. The joke is an efficient way of encouraging this natural reaction, and comedians have become experts in slightly touching this mental funny-bone in order to make us laugh.Ryan was right when he said that knowing the theory of humor wouldn’t help us that much as acomedy.During one exercise in the course, four of us were told to perform an opera. Susan and Caroline sang earnestly on either side of the stage, and I brought Henry to the floor, where we wrestled (摔跤) each other likeout-of-control teenagers. The rest of the group was in uncontrollable fits of laughter. As a performer, I’ ll neverappreciate just why it seemed so funny. But the point is that I would never have written this on the paper. It was a joyous, found moment.32.Why did the author attend the comedy course?A.He wanted to see how the theories worked in practice.B.He discovered he had some natural ability in comedy.C.He worried about how other performers would find him.D.He got unpleasant experiences when performing a comedy.33.Ryan required the people on the comedy course to .A. copy their favorite performanceB. imagine other people’ s reactionsC. help themselves feel comfortableD. behave in a more playful manner34.What is the purpose of the joke mentioned in Paragraph 4?A.To discuss what humor brings about exactly.B.To give an example of another kind of humor.C.To prove the point about psychology of humor.D.To show why some people are funnier than others.35.What view does the author put forward in the end?A.Visual humor is what appeals to people most.B.What people find funny is often unpredictable.C.Theories explaining humor tend to be mistaken.D.Learning comic skills proves to be a difficult task.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物下学期第三次月考试题实验班2018061302

镇平一高2018春期实验班第三次月考生物月考试题一、单选题（每小题1.5分，共60分）1.遗传的基本规律不适用于①噬菌体②乳酸菌③酵母菌④蓝藻⑤豌豆A.①②③B.②③⑤C.②③④D.①②④2.如图是某生物的精细胞，根据图中的染色体类型和数目，判断来自同一个次级精母细胞的是A.①②B.②④C.③⑤D.①④3.人类精子发生过程中，下列说法不正确的是A.细胞中染色单体数最多可达92条B.姐妹染色单体携带的遗传信息可能是不同的C.染色单体的交叉互换发生在同源染色体分离之前D.一个精原细胞产生两个相同精子的概率最大为1 2 234.如果用3H、15N、32P、35S标记噬菌体后，让其侵染无放射性细菌，检测子代噬菌体的结构成分，说法正确的是A.可在外壳中找到15N和35S、3HB.可在DNA中找到3H、15N、32PC.可在外壳中找到15N和35SD.可在DNA中找到15N、32P、35S5.某XY型性别决定的雄性个体的基因型为AaBbCc (三对等位基因分别位于三对常染色体上)，该个体所形成的精子中，基因型为ABC的含性染色体“Y”的精子约为A.1/2B.1/8C.1/16D.无法确定6.人类的并指（A)对正常指（a )为显性的一种遗传病，在一个并指患者（他的父母有一个是正常指〉的下列各细胞中不含或可能不含显性基因A的是①神经细胞②成熟的红细胞③初级性母细胞④次级性母细胞⑤成熟的性细胞A.①②④B.④⑤C.②③⑤D.②④⑤7.某哺乳动物的直毛(B)对卷毛(b)为显性，黑色(C)对白色（c）为显性（这两对基因分别位于不同对的同源染色体上)。

基因型为BbCc的个体与“个体X”交配，子代的表现型有直毛黑色、卷毛黑色、直毛白色和卷毛白色，它们之间的比为3:3:1:1,“个体X”的基因型为A.BbCcB.BbccC.bbCcD.bbcc8.绵羊群中，若基因型为HH或Hh的公绵羊表现为有角，基因型为hh的公绵羊表现为无角；基因型为HH的母绵羊表现为有角，基因型为Hh或hh的母绵羊表现为无角。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一10月月考生物试题(实验班)含答案

2017年秋期镇平一高高一月考生物试卷一、单项选择题（每小题1。

5分，共60分）1．生命活动离不开细胞，对此理解不正确的是( ）A．没有细胞结构的病毒的生命活动必须借助于活细胞才能完成B．单细胞生物个体的生命活动就是单个细胞的生命活动C．多细胞生物体的生命活动的完成需要依赖各种分化的细胞密切合作D．细胞是一切生物体结构和功能的基本单位2．下列关于生命系统的结构层次的说法不正确的是（）A．细胞、生物圈分别是地球上最基本的生命系统和最大的生态系统B．生物大分子如蛋白质、核酸，不是生命系统的结构层次C．病毒没有细胞结构，它的生命活动与生命系统没有关系D．各层次的生命系统层层相依但又各自具有特定的组成、结构和功能3．下列常见疾病的病原体中，能独立完成生命活动的是（）A．肺结核的病原体B．乙肝的病原体C．禽流感的病原体D．艾滋病的病原体4．下列关于使用高倍显微镜的叙述不正确的是（）A．将位于视野右上方的物像移向中央，应向右上方移动玻片标木B．换用高倍镜后，不能用粗准焦螺旋调焦，只能用细准焦嫘旋调至物像最淸晰C．目镜放大倍数是10，物镜放大倍数是40，被观察的细胞面积放大400倍D．低倍物镜换用高倍物镜后,视野中观察到的细胞数目减少，视野变暗5．下列关于细胞学说创立过程的叙述不正确的是（）A．由施莱登和施旺创立B．一切生物都是由细胞发育而来，并由细胞和细胞产物构成C．“细胞通过分裂产生新细胞”是对细胞学说的重要补充D．是多位科学家在探索中开拓、继承、修正和发展而建立的6．“黄金搭档”维生素片中含有Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu等元素，其中属于组成生物体的大量元素的是（）A．Ca B．Fe C．Zn D．Cu7．胡杨树有“英雄树”之美称，且这种树只生活在大漠荒原中，则组成胡杨树的元素和化合物中含量最多的分别是（）A．H和蛋白质 B．H和水C．O和蛋白质 D．O和水8．如表有关生物体内化合物的鉴定实验中，不正确的是（）选项鉴定对象使用试剂颜色水浴加热生物材料A淀粉碘液蓝色不需要马铃薯块茎B还原糖斐林试剂砖红色需要甘蔗汁C蛋白质双缩脲试紫色不需要豆浆、牛剂奶D脂肪苏丹染液红色不需要花生种子A．A B．B C．C D．D9．氨基酸是蛋白质的基本组成单位,下列有关组成生物体蛋白质的氨基酸的叙述正确的是A．至少有1个氨基和1个羧基连接在不同碳原子上( ）B．氨基酸种类数与R基的种类数一定相同C．人体细胞可以合成所需的所有氨基酸D．生物体内最简单氨基酸的R基为﹣CH310．有关如图中蛋白质的叙述（假设氨基酸平均相对分子质量为128），正确的是（）A．该蛋白质共含有两条肽链B．共有125个肽键C．R基中共含17个游离的氨基D．形成该蛋白质过程中相对分子质量减少了225011．己知天冬酰胺的R基为（﹣C2H4ON），现在有分子式为C67H109O33N18S2的多肽，其中含3个天冬酰胺．在上述多肽中肽键的最大量是( ）A．18个B．16个C．15个D．14个12．现有一种“十三肽”，分子式为C54H95N17O20,已知将它彻底水解后只得到下列氨基酸．下列有关说法不正确的是( ）A．该“十三肽”是由13个氨基酸形成的B．将该“十三肽"彻底水解后可得到4个赖氨酸C．该“十三肽”中含有1个游离的氨基和1个游离的羧基D．与未水解的化合物相比，水解后只有元素H和O的数目增加13．有关“观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布”实验和分析,不正确的是（）A．实验的操作步骤是:制片→水解→冲洗→染色→酒精去浮色B．制片时用酒精灯烘干的目的是使细胞固定在载玻片上C．水解时使用盐酸可以改变膜的通透性，加速染液进入细胞D．观察时应选择染色均匀的区域14．如图是生物体核酸的基本组成单位核苷酸的模式图，下列说法正确的是（）A．DNA与RNA在核苷酸上的不同点只在②方面B．人体内的③有5种,②有2种C．DNA分子中每个②均与1个①相连D．若②为核糖，则由图示结构构成的化合物能被甲基绿吡罗红染液染成绿色15．愈伤组织细胞在一种包含所有必需物质的培养基中培养了几小时，其中一种化合物具有放射性(32P标记)．当这些细胞被固定后进行显微镜检，利用放射自显影发现放射性主要集中于细胞质中，可以有理由地肯定标记的化合物是（)A．一种氨基酸 B．胸腺密啶脱氧核苷酸C．葡萄糖D．尿密啶核糖核苷酸16．糖类是生物体生命活动的主要能源物质，下列自各种糖类物质中，既存在于动物细胞中,又存在于植物细胞中的是( ）①葡萄糖②脱氧核糖③糖原④乳糖⑤半乳糖⑥麦芽糖⑦核糖⑧淀粉．A．①②⑦B．②⑦C．③④⑥⑧D．①②⑤⑦17．脂质在生物体内的含量较少，但是具有重要的作用，下列有关脂质的说法不正确的是( ）A．脂肪中C、H、O的含量很高,而N、P含量很少B．由于脂肪中C、H所占比例较高,因此与糖类相比，等质量脂肪储存能量多C．构成生物膜的脂质主要是磷脂,它构成了细胞膜的基本骨架D．胆固醇是构成细胞膜的重要成分，在人体内还参与血液中脂质的运输18．下列各组化合物所含化学元素种类相同的一组是( )A．胆固醇、脂肪、性激素B．肌糖原、肝糖原、抗原C．胰岛素、性激素、维生素D．葡萄糖、核糖、肽聚糖19．下列关于植物体内水分的叙述，错误的是（）A．植物体内的水分参与营养物质的运输B．水是构成叶肉细胞的重要化合物之一C．自由水可作为细胞内化学反应的反应物D．同种植物萌发种子的含水量和休眠种子的相同20．苹果含有元素Zn，Zn是形成与记忆力息息相关的蛋白质不可缺少的元素,儿童缺Zn,就会导致大脑发育不完善．因此，苹果又被称为记忆之果,这说明无机盐离子( )A．对维持细胞形态有重要作用B．对维持生物体生命活动有重要作用C．对调节细胞的渗透作用发生有重要作用D．对维持酸碱平衡起重要作用21．下列关于生物体内水分和无机盐的叙述,错误的是（）A．在收获时,种子中自由水的相对含量降低,代谢减弱B．与水生植物相比，沙漠植物中结合水的含量较高C．在幼叶生长成熟的过程中，镁离子的总量增加D．因铁是组成血浆蛋白的重要成分，因此缺铁会导致贫血22．如图表示各种膜的组成成分含量：图示不能说明的是( ）A．构成细胞膜的主要成分是蛋白质和脂质B．膜中的脂质和蛋白质含量的变化与膜的功能有关C．膜的功能越复杂,所含糖类的种类和含量越多D．膜的功能越简单，所含蛋白质的数量越少23．据最新研究发现，内皮素在皮肤中分布不均，是造成色斑的主要原因．内皮素拮抗剂进入皮肤，可以和黑色素细胞膜的受体结合，使内皮素失去作用，这为美容研究机构带来了福音．分析上述材料体现了细胞膜的哪项功能（）A．细胞膜可以影响内皮素的作用B．细胞膜将细胞与外界环境分隔开C．细胞膜作为系统的边界，严格控制物质进出细胞D．细胞膜具有信息交流的功能24．下列关于用高倍镜观察人的口腔上皮细胞中线粒体的实验的叙述中,不正确的是（)A．牙签消毒和实验前漱口都是为了保证该实验的准确性B．在高倍镜下观察可以看到线粒体由两层膜组成C．在高倍镜下观察可以看到活细胞的线粒体呈现蓝绿色，而细胞质接近无色D．制装片时在载玻片上滴一滴0。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期物理测试题(一)+Word版缺答案

镇平一高2018春高一物理测试题（一）第Ⅰ卷选择题（共48分）一、选择题（本题共12小题，共48分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1-8题只有一个选项符合题目要求，第9-12题至少有两项符合题目要求．全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分．）1、下列关于曲线运动的说法中正确的是A ．在平衡力作用下，物体可以做曲线运动B ．速度变化的运动是曲线运动C ．加速度变化的运动是曲线运动D ．受恒力作用的物体可能做曲线运动2、对于开普勒行星运动的公式23TR ＝k ，以下理解正确的是 A ．若地球绕太阳运转轨道的半长轴为R 地，周期为T 地；月球绕地球运转轨道的半长轴为R 月，周期为T 月，则2323月月地地T R T RB ．T 表示行星运动的自转周期，R 表示行星的半径C ．T 表示行星运动的公转周期，R 表示行星运行椭圆轨道的半长轴D ．k 是一个与行星、太阳均无关的常量3、如图所示，A 、B 两点分别位于大、小轮的边缘上，C 点位于大轮半径的中点，大轮的半径是小轮的2倍，它们之间靠摩擦传动，接触面不打滑．则A ．A 、B 两点线速度大小相等B ．A 、B 两点角速度大小相等C ．A 、C 两点加速度大小相等D ．B 、C 两点加速度大小相等4、某人以一定速率垂直河岸向对岸游去，当水流的运动是匀速时，他所游过的路程、过河所用的时间与水速的关系是A ．水速大时，路程长，时间不变B ．水速大时，路程长，时间短C ．水速大时，路程长，时间长D ．路程、时间与水速无关5、世界上首家私人太空旅馆运营商西班牙“银河套房”公司宣布，拟在2015年建立全球第一家太空旅馆——“太空度假村”．在游客入住期间，每85分钟环绕地球一周．下列说法正确的是A ．“太空度假村”运行的速度小于同步卫星运行的速度B ．“太空度假村”到地球的距离大于同步卫星到地球的距离C．“太空度假村”运行的速度小于赤道上随地球自转的物体的速度D．“太空度假村”的向心加速度大于赤道上随地球自转的物体的向心加速度6、一架飞机以150m/s的速度在高空水平匀速飞行,相隔1 s先后释放A、B两个物体，不计空气阻力，A、B在运动过程中的位置关系是（g取10m/s2）A．B总在A的前方，水平方向距离为150m B．A总在B的正下方5m处C．B总在A的前上方D．A、B之间的距离越来越大7、以速度v水平抛出一小球，如果从抛出到某时刻小球的竖直分位移与水平分位移大小相等，以下判断正确的是A．此时小球的竖直分速度大小等于水平分速度大小B．此时小球速度的方向与位移的方向相同C．此时小球的速度大小为5vD．小球做平抛运动的时间为gv/8、卫星电话在抢险救灾中能发挥重要作用．第一代、第二代海事卫星只使用静止轨道卫星，不能覆盖地球上的高纬度地区．而第三代海事卫星采用同步卫星和中轨道卫星相结合的方案，解决了覆盖全球的问题．它由4颗同步卫星与12颗中轨道卫星构成．中轨道卫星高度约为地球半径的2倍，分布在几个轨道平面上(与赤道平面有一定的夹角)．地球表面处的重力加速度为g，则中轨道卫星处的重力加速度约为A．g／4 B．g／9 C．4g D．9g9、横截面为直角三角形的两个相同斜面如图所示紧靠在一起，固定在水平面上．A、B、C三个小球分别从左边斜面的顶点以不同的初速度向右水平抛出，小球做平抛运动，落点分别是a、b、c．比较A、B、C三个小球的飞行过程A．小球A飞行时间最长B．小球A加速度最大C．小球B、C做平抛运动的初速度相等D．小球C速度变化最小10. 已知地球质量为M，半径为R，自转周期为T，地球同步卫星质量为m，引力常量为G.有关同步卫星，下列表述正确的是A．卫星距地面的高度为3GMT24π2aB ．卫星的运行速度小于第一宇宙速度C ．卫星运行时受到的向心力大小为G Mm RD ．卫星运行的向心加速度小于地球表面的重力加速度11、如图所示，在一个光滑的空心圆锥内壁上，一个小球在水平面内做匀速圆周运动．如果小球的运动轨迹离圆锥顶点更近些，则A ．小球运动的线速度大小不会改变B ．小球运动的角速度大小不会改变C ．小球的向心加速度大小不会改变D ．小球对锥壁的压力大小不会改变12、若卫星的运动可视为匀速圆周运动，根据以下哪组数据可以确定第一宇宙速度A. 引力常量、卫星质量和地球半径B. 引力常量、地球质量和地球半径C. 地球表面处重力加速度、地球自转周期D. 地球表面处重力加速度、地球半径第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共62分）二、实验题（本题共3小题，共18分．把答案填在答题卷中横线上．）13、（6分）如图甲所示，某同学在绳子的一端拴一个小沙袋，在绳上离小沙袋重心40cm 的地方打一个绳结A ，80cm 的地方打另一个绳结B ．操作一手握绳结A ，如图乙所示，使沙袋在水平方向做匀速圆周运动，每秒运动1周．体会此时绳子拉力的大小，记作F 1．操作二改为手握绳结B ，仍使沙袋在水平方向上每秒运动1周，体会此时绳子拉力的大小，记作F 2．操作三又改为手握绳结A ，但使沙袋在水平方向上每秒运动2周，体会此时绳子拉力大小，记作F 3．（1）操作二与操作一中，该同学感到哪次向心力比较大？答：（填F 1或F 2）．（2）操作三与操作二中，该同学感到哪次向心力比较大？答：（填F ２或F ３）．14、（6分）如图所示，是利用闪光照相研究平抛运动的示意图．小球A 由斜槽滚下，从桌边缘水平抛出．当它恰好离开桌边缘时，小球B 也同时下落，相邻两次闪光的时间间隔为0.1s 的闪光照相机拍摄的照片中B 球有四个像，像间的距离已在图中标出．两球在位置4相碰，则A 球从离开桌面到和B 球碰撞经过的时间为_______s，A球离开桌面的速度为_________m/s．（g取10m/s2）15、（6分）如图所示，为一小球做平抛运动的闪光照片的一部分，图中背景方格的边长均为5cm，如果g取10m/s2，则（1）照相机的闪光频率是Hz；（2）小球运动中水平分速度的大小是m/s；（3）小球经过B点时的速度大小是m/s．三、计算题（本题共4小题，共44分．解答应写出必要的文字说明、重要的方程式和解题步骤．只有数值结果的不能得分．）16.（10分）如图所示，轻杆长为3L，在杆的A、B两端分别固定质量均为m的球A和球B，杆上距球A为L处的点O装在光滑水平转动轴上，杆和球在竖直面内转动．若球A运动到最高点时对杆恰好无作用力，求：（1）球A在最高点时的角速度大小；（2）球A在最高点时，杆对球B的作用力的大小．17、（10分）一名宇航员在登陆某星球后为了测量此星球的质量进行了如下实验：他把一小钢球托举到距星球表面高度为h处由静止释放，计时仪器测得小钢球从释放到落回星球表面的时间为t．此前通过天文观测测得此星球的半径为R，已知万有引力常量为G，不计小钢球下落过程中的气体阻力，可认为此星球表面的物体受到的重力等于物体与星球之间的万有引力．求：(1）此星球表面的重力加速度g；(2）此星球的质量M．18、（12分）如图所示，半径为R的水平圆盘绕垂直于盘面的中心轴匀速转动，若在圆心O正上方h处沿与半径OB平行的方向水平抛出一个小球，要使球做平抛运动的落点为B，求：（1）小球做平抛运动的初速度v；（2）圆盘转动的角速度ω．19、（12分）如图所示，A是地球的同步卫星，另一卫星B的圆形轨道位于赤道平面内，离地面高度为h，已知地球半径为R，地球自转角速度为ω，地球表面的重力加速度为g，O为地球中心．（1）求卫星B的运动周期；（2）如果卫星B绕行方向与地球自转方向相同，某时刻A、B两卫星相距最近（O、B、A在同一直线上，A、B在O的同侧），则至少经过多少时间，他们再一次相距最近？。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期生

2018年春期高一周考生物试题一、单选题(共40小题，每小题1.5分,共60分)1.控制两对相对性状的基因自由组合，如果三对组合的F2的分离比分别为9∶7,9∶6∶1和15∶1，那么F1与双隐性个体测交，得到的分离比分别是( )A． 1∶3,1∶2∶1和3∶1 B． 3∶1,4∶1和1∶3C． 1∶2∶1,4∶1和3∶1 D． 3∶1,3∶1和1∶42.有一植物只有在显性基因A和B同时存在时才开紫花。

已知一株开紫花的植物自交，后代开紫花的植株180棵，开白花的植株142棵，那么在此自交过程中配子间的组合方式有多少种( )A． 2种 B． 4种C． 8种 D． 16种3.已知玉米有色子粒对无色子粒是显性性状。

现用一有色子粒的植株X进行测交实验，后代有色子粒与无色子粒的比是1∶3，对这种杂交现象的推测不正确的是( )A．测交后代的有色子粒的基因型与植株X相同B．玉米的有、无色子粒遗传遵循基因的自由组合定律C．玉米的有、无色子粒是由一对等位基因控制的D．测交后代的无色子粒的基因型至少有三种4.某种植物果实重量由三对等位基因控制，这三对基因分别位于三对同源染色体上，对果实重量的增加效应相同且具叠加性。

已知隐性纯合子和显性纯合子果实重量分别为150 g和270g。

现将三对基因均杂合的两植株杂交，F1中重量为190 g的果实所占比例为( )A． 3/64 B． 5/64 C．12/64 D． 15/645.在西葫芦的皮色遗传中，黄皮基因B对绿皮基因b为显性，但在另一白色显性基因E存在时，基因B和b都不能表达。

现有基因型为BbEe的个体自交，其后代表现型种类及比例是( ) A．四种，9∶3∶3∶1 B．四种，13∶3C．三种，10∶3∶3 D．三种，12∶3∶16.决定猫的毛色的基因位于X染色体上，基因型bb、BB和Bb的猫分别表现为黄、黑和虎斑色。

现有虎斑色雌猫与黄色雄猫交配，生下三只虎斑色小猫和一只黄色小猫，它们的性别是( ) A．全为雌猫或三雌一雄 B．全为雌猫或三雄一雌C．全为雌猫或全为雄猫 D．雌雄各半7.人类红绿色盲的基因位于X染色体上，秃顶的基因位于常染色体上，结合下表信息可预测，图中Ⅱ3和Ⅱ4所生子女是( )A．非秃顶色盲儿子的概率为1/4 B．非秃顶色盲女儿的概率为1/8 C．秃顶色盲儿子的概率为1/8 D．秃顶色盲女儿的概率为1/88.下列各图所表示的生物学意义，哪一项是错误的( )A．甲图中生物自交后代产生AaBBDD的生物体的概率为1/8B．乙图中黑方框表示男性患者，由此推断该病最可能为伴X染色体隐性遗传病C．丙图所示的一对夫妇，如产生的后代是一个男孩，该男孩是患者的概率为1/2D．丁图表示哺乳动物细胞有丝分裂后期9.用15N标记细菌的DNA分子，再将它们放入含14N的培养基中连续繁殖四代，a、b、c为三种DNA分子；a只含15N，b同时含14N和15N，c只含14N，如图，这种DNA分子的比例正确的是( )A． B．C． D．10.洋葱根尖细胞在含3H标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸的培养液中完成一个细胞周期，然后转入不含3H标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸的培养液中培养第二代，如图所示：则经过两代培养后获得的子细胞内DNA分子的标记情况不可能为（只考虑其中一对染色体上的DNA分子）（）11.下列关于基因、性状以及二者关系的叙述，正确的是( )A．基因在染色体上呈线性排列，基因的前端有起始密码子，末端有终止密码子B．基因能够通过复制实现遗传信息在亲代和子代之间的传递C．基因型不同，表现型肯定也不同D．通过控制酶的合成从而直接控制性状，是基因控制性状的途径之一12.某病毒的基因组为双链DNA，其一条链上的局部序列为ACGCAT，以该链的互补链为模板转录出相应的mRNA，后者又在宿主细胞中逆转录成单链DNA(称为cDNA)。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一英语暑强化训练试题(三)

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练之一(实验班)

高一(实验班)生物暑假强化训练之一一、单选题(共40小题，每小题1.50分,共60分)1、某动物细胞内含10条染色体、10个DNA分子，且细胞膜开始缢缩，则该细胞（） A．处于有丝分裂中期B．正在发生基因自由组合C．将形成配子D．正在发生DNA复制2、仅在减数分裂过程中出现，而有丝分裂过程中不出现的选项是（）①分裂间期DNA复制与相关蛋白质合成②姐妹染色单体分离分别进入两个子细胞③联会后非姐妹染色单体发生部分DNA交换④同源染色体分开分别进入两个子细胞A．①②B．②③C．①③D．③④3、图甲表示某高等动物细胞减数分裂过程中不同时期的示意图，图乙为该动物减数分裂过程中染色体数目变化曲线图。

图甲中细胞a和b的变化对应于图乙中的时间段分别是（）A．8～9 2～3 B．3～4 1～2 C．6～7 2～3 D．6～7 4～54、下列基因型中最可能是配子的是（）A.ABB.DdC.bbD. BB5、豌豆种皮灰色对白色为显性，具有相对性状的纯合亲本杂交，F2代性状分离比为3:1，要统计性状分离比应（）A.从F1的单株上取样B.从F2的单株上取样C.从F1的多株上取样D.从F2的多株上取样6、一株杂合的黄色豌豆自花传粉，一个豆角中结出4粒种子，则这些种子（）①全为黄色②全为绿色③黄色：绿色=1:1 ④黄色：绿色=3:1A. ①B. ②C. ④D. ①②③④都有可能7、右图为一家族的遗传谱系，已知该病由一对等位基因控制，若Ⅲ7和Ⅲ10婚配，生下了一个正常女孩，他们再生一个患病男孩的概率是（）A．1/8 B．3/8 C．1/4 D．1/68、金鱼有普通金鱼和透明金鱼之分，将普通金鱼和透明金鱼杂交，F1的个体身体一部分透明，一部分不透明，称为五花鱼。

让F1的金鱼之间相互交配，推测F2的表现型及其比例（）A.普通金鱼：透明金鱼=3：1 B.普通金鱼：透明金鱼=1：1C.普通金鱼：五花金鱼：透明金鱼= 1：2：1D.五花金鱼：透明金鱼=3：19、囊性纤维化病是一种常染色体隐性遗传病。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练3平行班201808010161

高一(平行班)暑假生物强化训练之三一、单选题(共40小题)1.下列关于遗传病与基因的叙述正确的是( )A．遗传病都是由基因突变引起的B．隐性基因控制的遗传病一定是隔代遗传C．遗传病的发病率与环境无关D．基因突变不一定诱发遗传病2.关于人类遗传病的叙述不正确的是( )A．人类遗传病是遗传因素和环境因素相互作用的结果B．镰刀型细胞贫血症产生的根本原因是基因突变C．猫叫综合征是由于染色体数目变异引起的D．调查人群中的遗传病最好选取群体中发病率较高的单基因遗传病3.下列疾病肯定是遗传病的是( )A．家族性疾病B．先天性疾病C．终生性疾病D．遗传物质改变引起的疾病4.如图为某细胞正在进行减数分裂过程(仅画出部分染色体)，图中的现象是什么？若该细胞产生的配子参与受精，可能会发生何种情况( )A．交叉互换　囊性纤维病B．基因突变　镰刀型细胞贫血症C．同源染色体不分离先天性愚型D．姐妹染色单体不分离性腺发育不良5.下列说法中正确的是( )A．先天性疾病是遗传病，后天性疾病不是遗传病B．家族性疾病是遗传病，散发性疾病不是遗传病C．遗传病的发病，在不同程度上需要环境因素的作用，但根本原因是遗传因素的存在D．遗传病是仅由遗传因素引起的疾病6.世界首例双基因突变患者在宁夏回族自治区红寺堡被发现。

一位女孩被查出同时患有马凡氏综合征及佝偻病，两病均为常染色体上的显性遗传病。

下列有关说法正确的是( ) A．该女孩的遗传病是其体内细胞基因突变的结果B．该女孩的父亲或母亲必定同时患有这两种病C．若该女孩与一正常男子结婚，则其子代可能患病D．这两种病的遗传一定遵循基因的自由组合定律7.下列说法中，不正确的一项是( )A．多基因遗传病的遗传不遵循孟德尔遗传定律B．适龄生育对于预防遗传病和防止先天性疾病患儿的出生具有重要意义C．禁止近亲结婚是预防遗传性疾病发生的最简单有效的方法D． 21三体综合征和猫叫综合征患者都属于染色体数目异常遗传病8.下列关于人类遗传病的说法，正确的是( )A．遗传病的发病与遗传因素有关，也与环境因素有关B．禁止近亲结婚可降低显性遗传病在群体中的发病率C．色盲病致病基因在性染色体上，色盲症是性染色体病D．先天性的疾病都是遗传病，优生、优育可避免遗传病的发生9.下列关于人类遗传病的叙述中正确的是( )A．先天性心脏病都是遗传病B．单基因遗传病是由一个致病基因引起的遗传病C．人类基因组测序是测定人的46条染色体中的一半，即23条染色体的碱基序列D．多基因遗传病是指受两对以上等位基因控制的人类遗传病10.下列有关生物遗传和变异的叙述中正确的有( )①有一双亲生了四个孩子，其中只有一个孩子患有白化病(不考虑突变)，则双亲一定均为杂合子　②在减数分裂过程中，基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异都可能发生　③正常情况下，1个基因型为AaBb(位于两对染色体上)的精原细胞进行减数分裂可形成四种精子　④基因型为Yy的豌豆，减数分裂形成的雌雄配子数量比约为1∶1A．一项B．二项C．三项D．四项11.细胞的有丝分裂和减数分裂都可能产生可遗传的变异，其中仅发生在减数分裂过程的变异是( )A．染色体不分离或不能移向两极，导致染色体数目变异B．非同源染色体自由组合，导致基因重组C．染色体复制时受诱变因素影响，导致基因突变D．非同源染色体某片段移接，导致染色体结构变异12.下列有关生物遗传和变异的叙述正确的是( )A．一对夫妇生了一个孩子患白化病(不考虑突变)，则双亲均为杂合子B．在减数分裂过程中，基因突变、基因重组都可能发生C．一个基因型为AaBb(位于两对染色体上)的精原细胞只能形成两种精子D．同源染色体的姐妹染色单体之间局部交换可导致基因重组13.进行有性生殖的生物其亲子代之间总是存在着一定差异的主要原因是( )A．基因重组B．基因突变C．染色体改变D．生活条件改变14.下列关于变异的叙述中，正确的是( )A．生物所发生的基因突变一般是有害的，因此基因突变不利于生物的进化B．基因重组只能产生新基因型，而不能产生新的基因，基因突变才能产生新的基因C．生物变异的根本来源是基因重组D．人为改变环境条件，可以促使生物产生变异，但这种变异都是不能遗传的15.下列哪种现象属于生物的可遗传变异( )A．白菜因水肥充足比周围白菜高大B．变色龙在草地上显绿色，在树干上呈灰色C．蝴蝶的幼虫和成虫，其形态结构差别大D．同一麦穗结出的种子长出的植株中，有抗锈病的和不抗锈病的16.如图为高等动物的细胞分裂示意图，图中不可能反映的是( )A．发生了基因突变B．发生了染色单体互换C．该细胞为次级卵母细胞D．该细胞为次级精母细胞17.下列情况引起的变异属于基因重组的是( )①非同源染色体上非等位基因的自由组合②一条染色体的某一片段移接到另一条非同源染色体上③同源染色体的非姐妹染色单体之间发生局部交换④DNA分子中发生碱基对的增添、缺失和改变A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④18.下列哪种是不可遗传的变异？( )A．正常夫妇生了一个白化儿子B．纯种红眼果蝇的后代出现白眼果蝇C．对青霉菌进行X射线照射后，培育成高产菌株D．用生长素处理得到无子番茄19.肺炎双球菌抗药性可遗传的变异来源是( )A．基因重组 B．基因突变C．染色体变异D． ABC都有可能20.下列属于可遗传的变异的是( )A．一对正常夫妇生了个白化病女儿B．穗大粒多的植株在干旱时变得穗小粒少C．植株在水肥条件很好的环境中长势旺盛D．生活在海边的渔民皮肤变得特别黑21.如图是两家族遗传系谱图，已知苯丙酮尿症是常染色体上的基因a(其等位基因为A)控制的隐性遗传病，进行性肌营养不良是X染色体上的基因b(其等位基因为B)控制的隐性遗传病。

【新】河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一英语暑强化训练试题(二)

高一英语暑强化训练试题（二）第一部分听力理解（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

ACourse No. 1406 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In The Secrets of Mental Math, award-winning Professor Arthur T. Benjamin teaches you the basic knowledge of mental mathematics. This powerful ability to perform mental calculations will give you an edge in business, at school, at work, or anywhere else that you meet with math.Course No. 7175 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In Museum Masterpieces: The Louvre, expert art critic and historian Professor Richard Brertell takes you on an unforgettable journey through one of the world's greatest museums. This 12-lecture series explores some of the most beautiful and renowned, examples from the museum's remarkable collection of masterworks.Course No. 158 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In My Favorite Universe, world-famous physicist and director of the Hayden Pknetarium Neil dcGrassc Tyson takes you on a spirited and intellectually interesting journey through the universe and all its history, from before the big bang to the most likely ways in which the entire universe might end.Course No. 6299 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In The History of the Bible: The Making of the New Testament Canon, New York Times best-selling author and professor Bart D. Ehrman reveals the secret history behind the making of the New Testament, including how and when each book was written and why it was chosen to be included.SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER!Order any one of theseBEST-SELLING COURSES for only:$199.95 $9.95 on DVD$134.95 $6.95 on CD+$5 Shipping and HandlingORDER TODAY! Sale Ends Friday!21. Who can tell you something about the space?A. Bart D. Ehrman.B. Neil dcGrassc Tyson.C. Arthur T. Benjamin.D. Richard Brertell.22. How much is Course No.158 on DVD delivered to your house?A. $6.95.B. $9.95.C. $11.95 .D. $14.95.23. What is the passage mainly about?A. College courses studied in home.B. College courses learned on line.C. Some world-famous lectures.D. Four interesting books in discount.BMatthew Layton was 20 minutes from home in Sevierville, Tennessee, on a cold November night in 2016 when he got a cell phone call from his mother. "The mountain’s on fire,” she screamed, “and Brian’s up there!”Layton’s family owned a dozen rental cabins(小屋) on Shields Mountain, and Layton’s friend and fellow rental-cabin owner, Brian McGee, age 56, was up there trying to put the fire out by himself. Layton, 32, hit the gas. He lived on the mountain too.Layton turned around and headed for a dirt road. He made it about halfway up the steep, winding path before his front-wheel-drive car gave up. He called McGee, who drove down in his pickup so they could fight the fire together.They headed first to Layton’s rental cabins. “I wanted to make sure our guests were gone. They were,” says Layton. At that point, he had a choice: try to save his cabins or resc ue people renting other cabins nearby. “On the moun tain, you don't have many locals. They’re mostly tourists who don’t know their way around,” he says.Over the next two hours, the two friends drove through the smoky mountain, knockingon doors and leadi ng panicked people to safety. “I know that mountain so well,” Layton says, “I could drive and know exactly where I am just by time traveled.” Thanks to their brave and immediate action, the two helped 14 people out of the danger.Fourteen people died that night in Sevier County. But the fire didn’t take away a single life on Shields Mountain. And though his home and business were destroyed, Layton remains calm. “I wasn’t worried about my loss, not when I saw those families trapped on the mountain,” he says,“I knew I was gonna help them.”24. Where was Layton when the fire broke out?A. Visiting his mother.B. Away from his home.C. Heading for the cabins.D. Driving on a dirt road.25. What can we learn from Para.2-3?A. Layton’s car broke down ha lfway.B. Brian was in charge of Layton’s cabins.C. Layton picked up Brian on the path.D. Brian lived in the mountain alone.26. Why could the two friends rescue the people?A. They put out the fire before it spread.B. They turned to locals for help.C. Layton was familiar with the area.D. Brian gave up his own cabins.27. What did Layton mean in the last paragraph?A. He blamed himself.B. He suffered a lot.C. He was relieved.D. He felt sorry.CIf your friends are happy—turns out you’re more likely to be happy too.If your friends are overweight, that too ups the chances you’ll gain weight. Those effects have been shown in studies. And now researchers have identified another seemingly contagious quality: exercise.The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million people worldwide who used an exercise tracking device(装置) for five years. And they used weather patterns as a way to randomly examine different parts of that global network.Cities have different weather patterns, Sinan Aral, a computational social scientist at MIT says, this experiment allowed them to ask: Does a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? “If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.”And that is exactly what he and his colleague saw: that the behavior of one city’s runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around.Still, this could be valuable for health professionals. “We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Where they are influenced by and influence their social network in very strong ways, that will change the way a particular intervention(干涉) succeeds or fails.”In other words—if your prescription is more exercise? The doctors might want to write a prescription for your friends and family, too.28. Which does the underlined word “contagious” in Para. 1 mean?A. Affected.B. Excellent.C. Beneficial.D. Different.29. What can we conclude from the experiment?A. Weather changes people’s feelings.B. People’s behaviour affects each other.C. Exercise has something to do with weather.D. P eople’s connection depends on distance.30. What does “this” in Para. 5 refer to?A. Women are easier influenced by male runners.B. People in the same city affect each other more.C. Friends tend to influence each other in exercising.D. A rainy day in one city affects running in another.31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Think twice before running.B. More exercise benefits health.C. Weather patterns affect running behavior.D. Healthy behavior can spread like illness.DMany Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous vehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Americans underserved by traditional modes of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled, so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation.A retirement community in San Jose, Calif. , which has been transformed by a small fleet of driverless taxis, shows the potential of self-driving cars to transform people’s lives. Built by a tech start-up called Voyage, the modified Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments. As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.In Michigan, forward-thinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disabilities. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly advocated for the development of this technology, saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling, independentlives.Many recognize that autonomous vehicles will be the future of transportation, but it is too often overlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel. The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.32. Wha t’s the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles?A. Curious.B. Doubtful.C. Indifferent.D. Optimistic.33. What is the modified Ford Fusion?A. A kind of autonomous vehicle.B. A fleet of driverless taxis.C. A road for driverless cars.D. A retirement community.34. What are examples in California and Michigan to prove?A. Driverless cars’ disadvantages.B. Governments’ right decisions.C. Benefits to the aged and the disabled.D. The regulations are forward-thinking.35. What does the author attempt to inform us in the last paragraph?A. The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked.B. Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology.C. The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.D. The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances.阅读附加题：Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.1. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.2. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.3. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.4. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物下学期第一次月考试题实验班2018060601

河南镇平一高2018春期高一实验班月考生物试题一、选择题（40*1.5=60）1．下列各组中不属于相对性状的是___________。

A．水稻的早熟和高产B．豌豆的紫花和红花C．小麦的抗病和易染病D．绵羊的粗毛和细毛2．关于等位基因的叙述，正确的是______。

A．位于非同源染色体上B．所含脱氧核苷酸序列相同C．控制同一种性状D．形成配子时彼此不会分离3．在下列遗传实例中，属于性状分离现象的是_________。

①高茎豌豆与矮茎豌豆杂交，后代全为高茎豌豆②高茎豌豆与矮茎豌豆杂交，后代有高有矮，数量比接近于l：1③圆粒豌豆自交后代中，圆粒豌豆与皱粒豌豆分别占3／4和1／4④开粉色花的紫茉莉自交，后代出现红花、粉花、白花三种表现型A．②③④B．③④C．②③D．③4．下列关于测交的说法，不正确的是_______。

A．F1×隐性类型→测定F1基因型B．通过测定F1的基因型验证对性状分离现象解释的科学性C．测定F1基因型是根据“F1×隐性类型→后代表现型”反向推知的D．测交实验中，对与F1杂交的另一亲本无特殊限制5．孟德尔利用豌豆作为实验材料进行植物杂交实验，成功地发现了生物的遗传规律。

下列各项中不属于豌豆作为遗传实验材料优点的是______。

A．豌豆是严格的白花传粉植物B．豌豆在自然状态下一般是纯种C．豌豆具有许多易于区分的相对性状D．杂种豌豆自交后代容易发生性状分离6．下列相关说法正确的是_____ 。

A．隐性性状是指生物体不能表现出来的性状B．纯合子自交后代不会出现性状分离C．杂合子自交后代不会出现纯合子D．亲本之中一定有一个表现为隐性性状7．自由组合定律中的“自由组合”是指_______A．带有不同基因的雌雄配子间的组合 B．决定同一性状的成对的基因的组合C．两亲本间的组合D．形成配子时，决定不同性状的基因自由组合8．下列几组比例，最能体现基因分离定律实质的是________ 。

镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练4(平行班)

高一（平行班)暑假生物强化训练之四一、单选题(共40小题)1.假设A,b代表玉米的优良基因,这两种基因是自由组合的。

现有AABB，aabb两个品种，为培育出优良品种AAbb，可采用的方法如图所示，有关叙述不正确的是( )A．由品种AABB,aabb经过①、②、③过程培育出新品种的育种方式称为杂交育种B．基因型为Aabb的类型经过过程③，子代中AAbb 与aabb的数量比是1∶1C．与过程①②③的育种方法相比，过程⑤⑥的优势是明显缩短了育种年限D．过程④在完成目的基因和运载体的结合时，必须用到的工具酶是限制性核酸内切酶、DNA连接酶和运载体2.用纯合的二倍体水稻高秆抗锈病（DDTT）和矮秆不抗锈病（ddtt)进行育种时，一种方法是杂交得到F1，F1再自交得到F2；另一种方法是用F1的花药进行离体培养，再用秋水仙素处理幼苗得到相应植株.下列叙述正确的是( ）A．前一种方法所得的F2中重组类型、纯合子各占、B．后一种方法所得到的植株中可用于生产的类型比例为C．前一种方法的原理是基因重组,原因是非同源染色体自由组合D．后一种方法的原理是染色体变异，是由于染色体结构发生改变3。

现有A，B,C三个番茄品种,A品种的基因型为aaBBDD,B品种的基因型为AAbbDD，C品种的基因型为AABBdd。

若要利用上述品种培育获得aabbdd植株至少需要几年？（）A．2年B．3年C．4年D．5年4.属于分子水平上的育种工作的是( )A．辐射育种B．杂交育种C．单倍体育种D．多倍体育种5.下列各种育种措施中,能产生新基因的是（) A．高秆抗锈病小麦和矮秆易染锈病小麦杂交获矮秆抗锈病优良品种B．用秋水仙素诱导二倍体西瓜获得无子西瓜C．用X射线、紫外线处理青霉菌获得高产青霉素菌株D．用离体花药培育小麦植株6。

下列优良品种的培育与遗传学原理相对应的是（）A．三倍体无子西瓜——染色体变异B．射线诱变出青霉素高产菌株——基因重组C．无子番茄——基因突变D．花药离体培养得到的矮秆抗病玉米——基因重组7.以下关于生物变异的叙述，正确的是（）A．基因突变都会遗传给后代B．染色体变异产生的后代都是不育的C．基因碱基序列发生改变，不一定导致性状改变D．基因重组只发生在生殖细胞形成过程中8。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一英语暑强化训练试题二201808010175

ACourse No. 1406 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In The Secrets of Mental Math, award-winning Professor Arthur T. Benjamin teaches you the basic knowledge of mental mathematics. This powerful ability to perform mental calculations will give you an edge in business, at school, at work, or anywhere else that you meet with math.Course No. 7175 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In Museum Masterpieces: The Louvre, expert art critic and historian Professor Richard Brertell takes you on an unforgettable journey through one of the world's greatest museums. This 12-lecture series explores some of the most beautiful and renowned, examples from the museum's remarkable collection of masterworks.Course No. 158 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In My Favorite Universe, world-famous physicist and director of the Hayden Pknetarium Neil dcGrassc Tyson takes you on a spirited and intellectually interesting journey through the universe and all its history, from before the big bang to the most likely ways in which the entire universe might end.Course No. 6299 12 Lectures (30 Minutes/Lecture)In The History of the Bible: The Making of the New Testament Canon, New York Times best-selling author and professor Bart D. Ehrman reveals the secret history behind the making of the New Testament, including how and when each book was written and why it was chosen to be included.SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER!Order any one of theseBEST-SELLING COURSES for only:$199.95 $9.95 on DVD$134.95 $6.95 on CD+$5 Shipping and HandlingORDER TODAY! Sale Ends Friday!21. Who can tell you something about the space?A. Bart D. Ehrman.B. Neil dcGrassc Tyson.C. Arthur T. Benjamin.D. Richard Brertell.22. How much is Course No.158 on DVD delivered to your house?A. $6.95.B. $9.95.C. $11.95 .D. $14.95.23. What is the passage mainly about?A. College courses studied in home.B. College courses learned on line.C. Some world-famous lectures.D. Four interesting books in discount.BMatthew Layton was 20 minutes from home in Sevierville, Tennessee, on a cold November night in 2016 when he got a cell phone call from his mother. "The mountain’s on fire,” she screamed, “and Brian’s up there!”Layton’s family owned a dozen rental cabins(小屋) on Shields Mountain, and Layton’s friend and fellow rental-cabin owner, Brian McGee, age 56, was up there trying to put the fire out by himself. Layton, 32, hit the gas. He lived on the mountain too.Layton turned around and headed for a dirt road. He made it about halfway up the steep, winding path before his front-wheel-drive car gave up. He called McGee, who drove down in his pickup so they could fight the fire together.They headed first to Layton’s rental cabins. “I wanted to make sure our guests were gone. They were,” says Layton. At that point, he had a choice: try to save his cabins or rescue people renting other cabins nearby. “On the mountain, you don't have many locals. They’re mostly tourists who don’t know their way around,” he says.Over the next two hours, the two friends drove through the smoky mountain, knockingon doors and leading panicked people to safety. “I know that mountain so well,” Layton says, “I could drive and know exactly where I am just by time traveled.” Thanks to their brave and immediate action, the two helped 14 people out of the danger.Fourteen people died that night in Sevier County. But the fire didn’t take away a single life on Shields Mountain. And though his home and business were destroyed, Layton remains calm. “I wasn’t worried about my loss, not when I saw those families trapped on the mountain,” he says, “I knew I was gonna help them.”24. Where was Layton when the fire broke out?A. Visiting his mother.B. Away from his home.C. Heading for the cabins.D. Driving on a dirt road.25. What can we learn from Para.2-3?A. Layton’s car broke down halfway.B. Brian was in charge of Layton’s cabins.C. Layton picked up Brian on the path.D. Brian lived in the mountain alone.26. Why could the two friends rescue the people?A. They put out the fire before it spread.B. They turned to locals for help.C. Layton was familiar with the area.D. Brian gave up his own cabins.27. What did Layton mean in the last paragraph?A. He blamed himself.B. He suffered a lot.C. He was relieved.D. He felt sorry.CIf your friends are happy—turns out you’re more likely to be happy too. Ifyour friends are overweight, that too ups the chances you’ll gain weight. Those effects have been shown in studies. And now researchers have identified another seemingly contagious quality: exercise.The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million people worldwide who used an exercise tracking device(装置) for five years. And they used weather patterns as a way to randomly examine different parts of that global network.Cities have different weather patterns, Sinan Aral, a computational social scientist at MIT says, this experiment allowed them to ask: Does a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? “If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.”And that is exactly what he and his colleague saw: that the behavior of one city’s runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around.Still, this could be valuable for health professionals. “We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Where they are influenced by and influence their social network in very strong ways, that will change the way a particular intervention(干涉) succeeds or fails.”In other words—if your prescription is more exercise? The doctors might want to write a prescription for your friends and family, too.28. Which does the underlined word “contagious” in Para. 1 mean?A. Affected.B. Excellent.C. Beneficial.D. Different.29. What can we conclude from the experiment?A. Weather changes people’s feelings.B. People’s behaviour affects each other.C. Exercise has something to do with weather.D. People’s connection depends on distance.30. What does “this” in Para. 5 refer to?A. Women are easier influenced by male runners.B. People in the same city affect each other more.C. Friends tend to influence each other in exercising.D. A rainy day in one city affects running in another.31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Think twice before running.B. More exercise benefits health.C. Weather patterns affect running behavior.D. Healthy behavior can spread like illness.DMany Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous vehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Americans underserved by traditional modes of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled, so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation.A retirement community in San Jose, Calif. , which has been transformed by a small fleet of driverless taxis, shows the potential of self-driving cars to transform people’s lives. Built by a tech start-up called Voyage, the modified Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments. As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.In Michigan, forward-thinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disabilities. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly advocated for the development of this technology, saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling, independentlives.Many recognize that autonomous vehicles will be the future of transportation, but it is too often overlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel. The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.32. What’s the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles?A. Curious.B. Doubtful.C. Indifferent.D. Optimistic.33. What is the modified Ford Fusion?A. A kind of autonomous vehicle.B. A fleet of driverless taxis.C. A road for driverless cars.D. A retirement community.34. What are examples in California and Michigan to prove?A. Driverless cars’ disadvantages.B. Governments’ right decisions.C. Benefits to the aged and the disabled.D. The regulations are forward-thinking.35. What does the author attempt to inform us in the last paragraph?A. The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked.B. Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology.C. The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.D. The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances.阅读附加题：Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.1. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.2. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.3. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.4. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一数学暑假强化训练试题三

高一暑假数学强化训练之三平面向量第Ⅰ卷选择题(共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，请把正确答案的代号填在题后的括号内. 1．下列命题中，正确的是（）A ．|a |＝|b |⇒a ＝bB ．|a |＞|b |⇒a ＞bC ．a ＝b ⇒a ∥bD ．｜a ｜＝0⇒a ＝02．已知点()()1,3,4,1,A B AB -则与向量同方向的单位向量为（）A ．3455⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，-B ．4355⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，-C ．3455⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，D ．4355⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，3．若非零向量b a ,满足||||b a =、0)2(=⋅+b b a |，则b a ,的夹角为（）A. 300B. 600C. 1200D. 15004．若a 、、c 为任意向量，m ∈R ，则下列等式不一定．．．成立的是（） A ．（+）+=+（+） B ．（+）·=·+· C ．m （+）=m +mD ．（·b ）=（·）5．已知向量()()1,1,2,2m n λλ=+=+,若()()m n m n +⊥-,则=λ（）A ．4-B ．3-C ．2-D ．-16．已知点()1,1A -.()1,2B .()2,1C --.()3,4D ,则向量AB 在CD 方向上的投影为（）A B C ．D ． 7．设0,P ABC ∆是边AB 上一定点,满足AB B P 410=,且对于边AB 上任一点P ,恒有C P B P PC PB 00∙≥∙.则（）A ．090=∠ABCB ．090=∠BACC ．AC AB =D ．BC AC =8．如图所示的方格纸中有定点 O P Q E F G H ,,,,,,，则OP OQ +=（）A ．OHB ．OGC ．FOD ．EO9．设a 是已知的平面向量且≠0a ,关于向量a 的分解,有如下四个命题:①给定向量b ,总存在向量c ,使=+a b c ;②给定向量b 和c ,总存在实数λ和μ,使λμ=+a b c ;③给定单位向量b 和正数μ,总存在单位向量c 和实数λ,使λμ=+a b c ; ④给定正数λ和μ,总存在单位向量b 和单位向量c ,使λμ=+a b c ;上述命题中的向量b ,c 和a 在同一平面内且两两不共线,则真命题的个数是（） A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．410．已知点()()()30,0,0,,,.ABC ,O A b B a a ∆若为直角三角形则必有（）A ．3b a = B ．31b a a=+C ．()3310b ab a a ⎛⎫---= ⎪⎝⎭D ．3310b a b a a-+--= 11．已知中，，，则（）A. B. C. D.12．在△中，为边上的中线，为的中点，则（）A. B. C. D.第Ⅱ卷非选择题（共90分）二、填空题：本大题共4个小题，每小题5分，共20分.请把答案填在题中横线上.13．已知向量(1)a k =，,(9 6)b k =-，.若//a b ,则实数 k = . 14．已知()()1,2,1,1a b ==，a 与a b λ+的夹角为锐角，则实数λ的取值范围为 15．已知正方形ABCD 的边长为2,E 为CD 的中点,则AE BD = ．16．设21,e e 为单位向量,非零向量R y x e y e x b ∈+=,,21,若21,e e 的夹角为6π,||b 的最大值等于．三、解答题:本大题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17．（10分）已知向量，，.（1）若为直角三角形，且为直角，求实数的值；（2）若点能构成三角形，求实数应满足的条件.18．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，点A(－1,－2)、B(2,3)、C(－2,－1)。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期生物周考试题 (2)

镇平一高2018年春期高一周考生物试题一、单择题（本题包括40小题，每题1.5分，共60分）1．下列各组中属于相对性状的是( )A．狗的长毛与卷毛B．兔的长毛与猴的短毛C．豌豆的黄粒与圆粒D．人的单眼皮和双眼皮2．下列有关基因分离定律和自由组合定律的叙述正确的是( )A．可以解释一切生物的遗传现象 B．体现在杂合子形成雌、雄配子的过程中C．研究的是所有两对等位基因的遗传行为 D．两个定律之间不存在必然的联系3．某动物(2N＝12)的卵原细胞分裂过程中可能存在四分体的细胞是( )A．卵原细胞 B．初级卵母细胞C．次级卵母细胞 D．卵细胞4．关于下图的叙述正确的是( )A．若C代表碱基，则A是核糖B．在分裂过程中F和G保持1∶1的比例关系C．遗传信息是E中D的排列顺序D．F的基本组成单位是图中的E5．在某哺乳动物(体细胞染色体数为24)的睾丸中，细胞甲和细胞乙的染色体、染色单体、核DNA分子数依次是24,48,48和12,24,24。

下列关于细胞甲和细胞乙的分裂方式的判断正确的是( )A．细胞甲、乙可能都在进行减数分裂B．细胞甲、乙可能都在进行有丝分裂C．细胞甲不可能进行减数分裂，细胞乙可能进行有丝分裂D．细胞甲不可能进行有丝分裂，细胞乙可能进行减数分裂6．下列由精子和卵细胞结合成受精卵的过程中，正确的是( )①受精卵中的遗传物质主要来自于染色体②受精卵中的细胞质主要来自于卵细胞③受精时精子全部进入卵细胞中④精子和卵细胞的染色体合在一起成为4N⑤受精卵中的染色体一半来自父方，一半来自母方A．①②⑤ B．③④⑤ C．①③④ D．②③④7．每年的4月17日为“世界血友病日”，2010年的活动主题是“共同努力实现人人享有治疗”。

右图是某家族血友病的遗传系谱图，下列有关分析中正确的是( )A．图中1号、4号一定是血友病基因的携带者B．图中2号的双亲肯定不是血友病患者C．图中6号的血友病基因不可能来自1号D．图中7号是血友病基因的携带者8．下列关于遗传学发展的叙述，与事实不符合的是( )A．赫尔希和蔡斯通过T2噬菌体侵染细菌的实验证明噬菌体的遗传物质是DNAB．沃森、克里克发现了DNA分子的双螺旋结构C．孟德尔在实验中采取了假说—演绎法发现了分离定律与自由组合定律D．萨顿通过实验证明了控制果蝇眼色的基因位于X染色体上9．如果用3H、15N、32P、35S标记T2噬菌体后，让其侵染细菌，对产生的子代T2噬菌体进行检测，得到的正确结果是( )A．可在外壳中检测到15N B．可在外壳中检测到3HC．可在DNA分子中检测到3H、15N、32P D．可在DNA分子中检测到32P、35S10．将黑斑蛇与黄斑蛇杂交，子一代中既有黑斑蛇，又有黄斑蛇；若再将F1黑斑蛇之间交配，F2中既有黑斑蛇又有黄斑蛇。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练1平行班201808010159

高一(平行班)暑假生物强化训练之一一、单选题(共40小题)1.下列与遗传有关的叙述中正确的是( )A．兔的白毛与黑毛、狗的长毛与卷毛都是相对性状B．隐性性状是指生物体不能表现出来的性状C．纯合子的自交后代中不会发生性状分离，杂合子的自交后代中不会出现纯合子D．表现型相同的生物，基因型不一定相同2.以下有关概念的说法正确的是（）A．非等位基因一定能自由组合B．纯合子杂交得到的全是纯合子C．判断一对相对性状的显隐关系只能进行杂交D．测交常被用来检测子一代是否是纯合子3.下列有关说法不正确的是（）A．在杂种后代中，同时出现显性性状和隐性性状的现象叫性状分离B．测交是用F1与隐性纯合子杂交，用于测定F1的遗传因子组成C．测交可用于植物纯合子、杂合子的鉴定D．若杂交后代出现性状分离，则一定符合3∶1的分离比4.下列对等位基因的叙述正确的是( )A．控制豌豆矮茎的两个基因B．豌豆的一个黄粒基因和一个皱粒基因C．控制相对性状的基因D．控制相同性状的基因5.下列叙述错误的是( )A．相对性状是指同种生物的不同性状的不同表现类型B．杂种后代中显现不同性状的现象称为性状分离C．表现型相同，基因型不一定相同D．等位基因是控制相对性状的基因6.下列关于遗传术语的叙述中，错误的是（）A．相对性状是由遗传因子控制的B．杂种自交后代会出现纯种C．纯种杂交后代是纯种D．测交可用来测定杂种遗传因子7.下列关于基因型和表现型关系的叙述中，错误的是( )A．表现型相同，基因型不一定相同B．基因型相同，表现型一定相同C．环境相同，基因型相同，表现型一定相同D．环境相同，表现型相同，基因型不一定相同8.如图所示，甲、乙两位同学分别用小球做遗传规律模拟实验，甲同学每次分别从Ⅰ、Ⅱ小桶中随机抓取一个小球并记录字母组合；乙同学每次分别从Ⅲ、Ⅳ小桶中随机抓取一个小球并记录字母组合。

他们每次都将抓取的小球分别放回原来小桶后再多次重复。

分析下列叙述不正确的是( )A．甲同学的实验模拟的是基因的分离和配子随机结合的过程B．实验中每只小桶内两种小球的数量必须相等，但Ⅰ、Ⅱ桶小球总数可不等C．乙同学的实验可模拟两对性状自由组合的过程D．甲、乙重复100次实验后，统计的Dd、AB组合的概率均约为50%9.蝴蝶的体色，黄色(C)对白色(c)为显性，而雌的不管是什么基因型都是白色的。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017-2018学年高一上学期综合检测生物试题含答案

镇平一高2017年秋高一生物综合检测一、选择题(每题2分,共60分）1．有关细胞内囊泡运输的描述，正确的是（）A．细胞核内的RNA通过囊泡运输到细胞质B．蛋白质类激素经囊泡运输分泌到细胞外C．细胞器之间都能通过囊泡进行物质运输D．囊泡运输依赖膜的流动性且不消耗能量2．下列关于物质转运的叙述错误的是（）A．若线粒体受损伤,会影响人的红细胞吸收K＋B．质壁分离过程中，水分子外流导致细胞内渗透压升高C．海水中的海藻细胞可通过积累溶质防止质壁分离D．胰岛素的分泌需要耗能3．半透膜对淀粉和葡萄糖的通透性不同（如图1），预测图2的实验结果(开始时漏斗内外液面相平)最可能的是（)A．图甲中水柱a将持续上升B．图甲中水柱a将保持不变C．图乙中水柱b将保持不变D．图乙中水柱b将先上升后下降4．利用渗透作用实验原理可以测定细胞液浓度的大概范围.将细胞液浓度相同的某种植物细胞（如下图所示），置于不同浓度的蔗糖溶液中,出现ad四种细胞状态，则细胞液浓度最精确的范围在下列哪两个细胞所处的蔗糖溶液浓度之间( ）A．a~d B．a～c C．c～b D．d~c 5．下图表示的是胡萝卜在不同的含氧情况下从硝酸钾溶液中吸收K+和NO3—的曲线.影响A、B两点和B、C两点吸收量不同的因素分别是( ）A．载体数量、能量B．能量、载体数量C．载体数量、离子浓度D．能量、离子浓度6．如图为细胞膜结构及物质跨膜运输方式示意图，关于图的解释正确的是（）A．①②④能与斐林试剂发生砖红色反应B．c可代表哺乳动物成熟红细胞吸收葡萄糖C．①可能与细胞间的信息交流有关D．细胞吸水膨胀时③的厚度变小，体现了具有选择透过性。

7．用洋葱鳞片叶表皮制备“观察细胞质壁分离实验”的临时装片，观察细胞的变化。

下列有关实验操作和结果的叙述，正确的是（）A．将装片在酒精灯上加热后，再观察细胞质壁分离现象B．在盖玻片一侧滴入清水，细胞吸水膨胀但不会破裂C．用不同浓度的硝酸钾溶液处理细胞后，均能观察到质壁分离复原现象D．当质壁分离不能复原时，细胞仍具正常的生理功能8．甲、乙分别为物质进出细胞的坐标图和模式图，下列相关说法正确的是（）A．甲、乙所代表的物质运输方式没有共同点B．图乙的物质运输过程与细胞膜的流动性无关C．图乙所示的细胞可能是红细胞D．婴幼儿肠道吸收乳汁中的免疫球蛋白的过程可用图乙中的跨膜运输方式表示9.光合作用的产物中，氧气、葡萄糖中的碳、葡萄糖中的氢、葡萄糖中的氧依次来自于( ）①二氧化碳②气孔直接吸收③水的光解④叶绿素的分解A．①②④③B．③①②④C．③①③①D．①③①③10．将同一植物的细胞分别放在0.3mol/L的蔗糖溶液、0.5mol/L的甘油溶液和清水中,测得细胞体积随时间的变化曲线如图所示，则a、b、c依次代表( )A．蔗糖溶液、甘油溶液、清水B．甘油溶液、蔗糖溶液、清水C．清水、蔗糖溶液、甘油溶液D．清水、甘油溶液、蔗糖溶液11．下列都可用“酶的作用条件较温和”进行解释的生物学现象是（）A．“高原反应"和“人寒冷时，不由自主打寒战”B．“唾液淀粉酶进入胃后不再催化淀粉水解”和“胰岛素不能口服”C．“人发高烧时,浑身无力，食欲下降”和“不能用纯氧抢救煤气中毒的病人”D．“沸水浸泡过的加酶洗衣粉洗涤效果不佳"和“低温保存的食物不易腐败”12．下图所示为某种酶对应的酶促反应相关曲线，下列叙述错误的是（）A．只要条件适宜,酶在细胞内和细胞外都可发挥催化作用B．图甲中，a点到b点曲线急剧下降，其原因是温度升高使酶活性下降C．图乙中,曲线最高点对应的pH值会随着温度的变化而变化D．温度和pH均影响该酶的活性,该酶可能存在人体消化道中13．有关酶和ATP的说法正确的是（)A．所有酶均在核糖体上合成B．检测蛋白酶的催化作用可用双缩脲试剂检验反应物是否完全分解C．有机物氧化分解释放出的能量少部分转移到ATP中D．在ATP中A代表腺苷，P代表磷酸基团，T代表三个高能磷酸键14．下列过程中会使细胞中ADP的含量相对增加的是( )①肾小管上皮细胞重吸收原尿中的葡萄糖②氧气进入红细胞中与血红蛋白结合变为氧合血红蛋白③葡萄糖进入红细胞④K+进入小肠绒毛上皮细胞．A 。

河南省镇平县第一高级中学2017_2018学年高一生物暑假强化训练之三实验班

高一(实验班)生物暑假强化训练之三一、单选题(共40小题，每小题1.50分,共60分)1．一对杂合黑豚鼠产仔4只，4只鼠仔的表现型可能是（）A．三黑一白 B．全部黑色C．二黑二白 D．以上三种都有可能2．已知豌豆的某对相对性状的两种表现类型M和N，下列杂交组合中能判断M和N显隐关系的是（）A．N×N→N B．N×N→M+N C．M×N→N+M D．M×M→M3．南瓜的果实中白色（W）对黄色（w）为显性，盘状（D）对球状（d）为显性，两对基因独立遗传．下列不同亲本组合所产生的后代中，结白色球状果实最多的一组是（）A．WwDd×wwdd B．WWdd×WWdd C．WwDd×wwDD D．WwDd×WWDD4．减数分裂与有丝分裂相比较，减数分裂所特有的是（）A．DNA分子的复制B．着丝点的分裂C．染色质形成染色体 D．出现四分体5．下列哪项是血友病和佝偻病都具有的特征（）A．患病个体男性多于女性 B．患病个体女性多于男性C．男性和女性患病几率一样D．致病基因位于X染色体上6．子代不同于亲代的性状，主要来自基因重组，下列图解中可以发生基因重组的过程是A. ①B. ①②④⑤C.③⑥D. ①②③④⑤⑥7．制作DNA分子的双螺旋结构模型时，会发现制成的DNA分子的平面结构很像一架“梯子”，那么组成这架“梯子”的“扶手”、“扶手”之间的“阶梯'、连接阶梯的化学键依次是（）①磷酸和脱氧核糖②氢键③碱基对．A．①②③B．①③②C．③①②D．③②①8．DNA分子的解旋发生在（）A．复制和转录过程中 B．转录和翻译过程中C．复制和翻译过程中 D．逆转录和翻译过程中9．外耳廓多毛是一种伴Y染色体遗传病．下列关于外耳廊多毛症的叙述正确的是（）A．控制该遗传病的基因不存在等位基因B．该病基因位于XY同源区段C．女性不患该遗传病的原因是女性只有隐性基因D．男性患者产生的精子中均含有该致病基因10．水稻的糯性、无籽西瓜、黄圆豌豆×绿皱豌豆→绿圆豌豆，这些变异的来源依次是（）A．环境改变、染色体变异、基因重组B．染色体变异、基因突变、基因重组C．基因突变、环境改变、基因重组D．基因突变、染色体变异、基因重组11．基因突变是生物变异的根本来源．下列关于基因突变特点的说法，正确的是（）A．无论是低等还是高等生物都可能发生基因突变B．生物在个体发育的特定时期才可发生基因突变C．基因突变会定向形成新的等位基因D．基因突变对生物的生存往往是有害的，不利于生物进化12．杂交育种所依据的遗传学原理是（）A．基因突变 B．染色体结构变异C．基因重组 D．染色体数目变异13．秋水仙素诱导多倍体形成的原因是（）A．诱导染色体多次复制B．促进细胞有丝分裂时纺锤体的形成C．促使染色单体分开，形成染色体D．抑制细胞有丝分裂时纺锤体的形成14．有丝分裂间期由于某种原因，DNA复制中途停止，致使一条染色体上的DNA分子缺少若干基因，这属于（）A．基因突变 B．染色体变异C．基因的自由组合D．基因重组15．同一染色体组内的染色体，其形态和功能（）A．都相同B．多数相同 C．都不相同 D．少数相同16．基因工程中称为“基因剪刀”的是（）A．DNA连接酶B．DNA聚合酶C．蛋白质水解酶 D．限制性核酸内切酶17．对生物进化的方向起决定作用的是（）A．基因重组 B．基因突变 C．染色体变异D．自然选择18．马（2N=64）和驴（2N=62）杂交能产生骡子，骡子能够正常生长，但不能生育后代．这种现象称之为（）A．杂交育种 B．人工诱变 C．生殖隔离 D．基因重组19．长期接触X射线、γ射线的人群，其后代遗传病的发病率明显增高．这是因为（）A．生殖细胞发生了基因突变B．生殖细胞发生了基因重组C．体细胞发生了基因突变 D．生殖细胞发生了基因交换20．普通小麦的体细胞中含有六个染色体组．用这种小麦的叶肉细胞、花粉分别进行离体培养，发育成的植株分别是（）A．六倍体、三倍体B．六倍体、单倍体C．二倍体、三倍体D．二倍体、单倍体21．黄色圆粒豌豆（YyRr）与某种豌豆杂交，所得的种子中黄色圆粒有281粒，黄色皱粒有270粒，绿色圆粒有95粒，绿色皱粒有90粒，则该豌豆的基因型是（）A．YyRR B．YYrr C．YyRr D．Yyrr22．在减数第一次分裂后期，父方和母方的染色体各向两极如何移动（）A．父方和母方染色体在两极随机地结合B．通常母方染色体移向一极而父方染色体移向另一极C．父方和母方染色体各有一半移向一极，另一半移向另一极D．未发生交叉互换的染色体移向一极，而发生交叉互换的染色体移向另一极23．果蝇的白眼为伴X染色体隐性遗传性状，显性性状为红眼．下列各组亲本杂交后的子代中，通过眼色可以直接判断果蝇性别的是（）A．白眼♀×白眼♂B．杂合红眼♀×红眼♂C．白眼♀×红眼♂D．杂合红眼♀×白眼♂24．用35S标记的T2噬菌体侵染未标记的大肠杆菌，经过一段时间的保温、搅拌、离心后发现放射性主要分布在上清液中，沉淀物的放射性很低，对于沉淀物中还含有少量的放射性的正确解释是（）A．经搅拌与离心后还有少量含有35S的T2噬菌体吸附在大肠杆菌上B．离心速度太快，较重的T2噬菌体有部分留在沉淀物中C．T2噬菌体的DNA分子上含有少量的35SD．少量含有放射性35S的蛋白质进入大肠杆菌内25．猫熊的精原细胞中有42条染色体，它的次级精母细胞处于后期时，细胞内染色体的可能组成是（）A．20条常染色体+X B．20条常染色体+YC．40条常染色体+XY D．40条常染色体+XX26．下列叙述正确的是（）A．含某基因的染色体片段缺失属于基因突变B．非姐妹染色单体的互换属于基因重组C．染合子中一对等位基因可以通过基因重组而出现性状分离D．生物体细胞中染色体组数为奇数的生物一般不育27．下列有关单倍体的叙述中，不正确的是（）A．未经受精的卵细胞发育成的个体一定是单倍体B．细胞内有两个染色体组的生物体可能是单倍体C．由生物的雄配子发育成的个体一定是单倍体D．基因型是AAABBBCcc的植物一定是单倍体28．下列关于育种的叙述中，正确的是（）A．用物理因素诱变处理可提高突变率B．诱变育种和杂交育种均可形成新的基因C．三倍体植物不能由受精卵发育而来D．诱变获得的突变体多数表现出优良性状29．下列有关“低温诱导洋葱根尖染色体数目的变化”实验的叙述，不正确的是（）A．剪去根尖后，将根尖放在冰箱的低温室内诱导培养36小时B．改良苯酚品红染液的作用是染色C．卡诺氏液的作用是固定细胞的形态D．固定后需用体积分数为95%的酒精冲洗2次30．下列属于染色体变异的是（）①花药离体培养后长成的植株②染色体上DNA碱基对的增添、缺失③人类的红绿色盲和白化病的出现④三倍体无籽西瓜的培育过程⑤21三体综合征患者细胞中的第21号染色体有3条．A．①④⑤B．②④ C．②③④D．①③④⑤31．二倍体西瓜幼苗（基因型Aa）经低温处理后得到四倍体西瓜．下列有关此四倍体西瓜的说法正确的是（）A．该四倍体西瓜自交不能产生种子B．将四倍体西瓜产生的花粉进行离体培养，获得的植株是二倍体C．该四倍体西瓜与二倍体西瓜杂交不能产生后代，存在着生殖隔离D．该四倍体西瓜与二倍体西瓜属于两个不同的物种32．根据现代生物进化理论，下列观点中正确的是（）A．人工培育的新物种只能生活在人工环境中B．生物进化的方向与基因突变的方向一致C．冬季来临时植物卟中可溶性糖含量增高是为了更好地适应寒冷环境D．受农药处理后种群中抗药性强的个体有更多机会将基因传递给后代33．某海岛上经常有暴风雨，人们发现生活在该岛上的某种昆虫有两种类型：一种翅特别发达，另一种则退化．由此说明（）A．自然选择是定向的，生物的变异也是定向的B．自然选择是定向的，生物的变异是不定向的C．自然选择是不定向的，生物的变异是定向的D．自然选择和生物的变异都是不定向的34．下列关于生物变异和生物进化的叙述，正确的是（）A．自然选择使种群基因频率发生定向改变，决定生物进化的方向B．种群基因频率的改变导致生物进化，并一定出现新的物种C．地理隔离能使种群基因库产生差别，必然导致生殖隔离D．所有的变异类型都可以为生物进化提供原始的选择材料35．下列说法正确的是（）A．三倍体无子西瓜的性状可以遗传，但它不是一个新物种B．一块水稻田中偶尔发现一株矮杆水稻，这种变异一定是发生于体细胞中的基因突变C．染色体结构变异和基因突变在光镜下都能看见，但实质都是染色体上的DNA中碱基对排列顺序的改变D．一个基因型为AaBbCc的植物（三对基因可自由组合），用其花粉离体培养获得n株幼苗，含aabbCC的个体的比例为36. 一对表现正常的夫妇生了一个患甲病的女儿，在丈夫的一个初级精母细胞中，甲病基因数目和分布情况最可能是A.2个，位于一条染色体的两个姐妹染色单体中B.1个，位于一个染色单体中C.4个，位于四分体的每个染色单体中D.2个，位于同一个DNA分子的两条链中37. 下列有关高等动物减数分裂和受精作用的叙述，正确的是A.每个卵细胞含有初级卵母细胞1／4的细胞质B.卵细胞中的染色体有一半来自父方，一半来自母方C.减数分裂过程中由于姐妹染色单体的交叉互换，导致配子种类数增加D.受精卵中来自卵细胞的遗传物质比来自精子的多38. 一对表型正常夫妇，生了一个克氏综合征[其染色体组成是(44＋XXY)]并色盲的儿子，那么染色体不分离发生在A．女方减数第二次分裂 B．女方减数第一次分裂 C．男方减数第一次分裂 D．男方减数第二次分裂39. 狗的基因a1使暗色素在全身均匀分布，使狗的体色表现为暗黑色，其突变基因a2降低了色素的沉积程度，狗的体色表现为沙色，其突变基因a3使狗呈斑点色。