人文复习资料(一)

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人文地理综合复习题(一)

图６
Ｂ有大量青壮年人口迁入．
Ｃ．入逆城市化阶段进
Ｄ．口老龄化问题加剧人
ｌ．国钢铁企业的合并搬迁，２我与下图所示模式相符的是：
ｌ．中甲、、三地依次对应６图乙丙的城市功能区是：
同步训练
‘ 、
∞ Hale Waihona Puke 、－－—一
瑚
人
乙图量
０
∞
一
、
选择题
图４为某家庭农场主要农事安
∞ ＂排图。图回答８－。读９题 ∞
图１中甲、乙分别是某市２００５
年１％人口抽样调查的户籍人口和流动人口金字塔示意图．该市的平
人口数量（）人
田
Ｂ．自然资源短缺Ｃ．府安排外迁人口多政
Ｄ．态移民较多生
图４
８农场的农业地域类型为：．该
Ａ．合农业混
Ｃ．畜业乳
年龄（岁）
Ｂ商品谷物农业．
Ｄ．牧场放牧业大
布图．图完成３５题。读＇－
３．深圳户籍人口来源地中，排在第二圈层的省级行政区，除重庆、四
川、海南外还有：
Ａ．吉林、徽、安湖北、州贵Ｂ云南、州、南、．贵湖江西
７下列关于图示地区地理特征．
图７

人文英语1复习资料(全)

翻译Happy New Year! The same to you.Haven't seen you for ages, Mike. How's it going?Pretty good. Everything goes well.He made up a good excuse for staying at home.Hello, May I speak to Zhang Hua? One moment, please. I'm afraid he isn't in at the moment.Hello,can I speak to Liu Hui,please?Yes,speaking.Hello,I'm Susan.Nice to meet you.Nince to meet you,too.Here you are,Sir.Thank you very much.Hi!How are you doing?I'm doing well.Hi, Tom, how's everything with you? Hmmm, not too bad .and how are you?Hi,Liu Hui.Have you got something on your mind?Hmmm,I am a little upset.Hi,Wnag Xin,nice to meet you! Hi,Liu Hui,nice to meet you. How about going to the class together? That sounds great How are you feeling now?Much better.How fast were you driving?Less than 50 miles per hour.I can show you around,if you like.I can't wait.I was worried about my driving test,but I passed it.Congratulations!That's not easy.I won the first prize in today's speech contest. Congratulations!I won the first prize in today's speech contest.Congratulations! Is that Jim speaking?No. This is TomSeat belts save lives.It's true,I agree.Thank you for sharing this with me. My pleasure!The first day of June is International Children's Day.The old lady blamed Tom for breaking the window. Tomorrow will be fine,Shall we go out for a picnic?Sounds great!What color is his hair? It's dark brown.What is your major?Education.What would you usually do on Mid-Autumn Day? People will eat moon cakes and enjoy the beautiful full moon.Why did you stop my car,police officer?Your driver's license please.You just ran a red light.Would you like to come to my house for dinner Sunday night? All right! Thanks for inviting me.You won the first prize in the Physics competition. You must be joking I made several terrible mistakes.词汇与结构A student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester.A number of students are playing on the ground.Are you a member of the household? I'm her brother.As a result of his hard work,he has gained admission to the Beijing University.Bai Mei don't know Liu Hui, so Zhuang Hua introduce her to Liu Hui.Don't forget to put on your seat belt when you're driving. Even though he left school at 16,he still managed to become a great writer.He can't have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.He did not comment on my proposal about the new project. He gave no indication of being a suspect.He is going to give her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.He suggested that the drunk driver be punished.He usually suffers from headache.I am very pleased to be a member of the household . I enjoy reading books in the library.I hope our plan will be approved by the board.I saw him steal ,and afterwards he was caught by the police.I thought you might like something to read.So I have brought you some books.I would like to do the job as long as you don't force me to study.I would overcome any weakness and any fear.I'd like to know what time we can get the container when it is in the port.If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to picnic.Joan has been charged with a misdemeanor by asking lier 13-year-old son to drive, putting her child in dangerous situation.John does drink three bottles of beer just now,so he can't drive himself home now.Listen!The baby is crying in the next room.Many people live in large families .In a big families ,all the people share one household.Our classroom is more beautiful than theirs.Our classroom is much more beautiful than theirs.She also suggests that foreign students share housing with American students.Social workers should learn how to look after people.The 40-year-old driver was seriously hurt in the graffic accident. The couple was so drunk that they couldn't drive home.The gunman stood in front of the theatre and shot at the audience inside.The higher the temperature is ,the faster the liquid evaporates. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. It is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.The novel I bought last week is worthy of reading I think.The pace of economic growth is picking up.The passers-by were shocked to see the workers pulling the car along the street.The police asked the driver to pull over the car to have an alcohol test.The police saw him lying on the ground when they arrived. The schools informed the parents of the case immediately. The street is wide enough for five cars to go side by side.The traffic accident took place three days ago.The train is running fifty miles an hour.The train is running fifty miles an hour.There are some visitors coming to our marketing department next week.They did some social work at the weekends last year.They do some social work at the weekends.They must try to extend, the boundaries of knowledge.They must try to extend the boundaries of knowledge.They work in the same company and they are familiar with each other.This is not like him. Something must be wrong.Tom is considered to be as intelligent as the other students in class.Tom is good at playing the piano.We can't afford a bicycle, let alone a car.Well, I hope you are all coming to the party tomorrow afternoon.What is so special about this Social Work Center? It offers help to homeless people.Whether she wins or she loses, this is her last chance.You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.You'll each have your own room.阅读理解1.In the past,American families tended to be quit large.答案：1.In the past, American families tended to be quite large.2.To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increases because all of the above.3.Children whose parents divorced always feel unsettled because they are moved between their parents4.According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may get better.5.The title of the article might be American Families.2.Ten workers in China pushed their boss's car three mileshome after an office party.1.10workers in China pushed their boss's car home in 45 minutes.2.Drink-driving was listed as a dangerous offence in China in 2021.3.Those who break the law may be put in jail.4.People pushing the car along the road would not be classed as drink-driving because the car engine was not running.5.We can infer from the passage that drink-driving is against the law.3.I used to think education was the most important thing inmy life.1.From the passage, we know that the author realizes that it’s more important to……2.By saying that she is a junior student' in her college,the author means that she is a student in her third year in college.3.The author thinks the awards she has received don't necessarily reflect her real self.4.The author fears that she will be of no use to society, mainly because she does not know how to communicate with others.5.Which of the following statements is NOT true. She wants to get some shelter from the real world.4.Hi,I am Zhao Xin from Beijing.1.Zhao Xin is studying in theOpen University now.F 2.His major is marketing.F3.He is looking after the elderly at a nursing home nowadays.F4.He wants to change the world and make it better.T5.Heis proud of being a scoial worker.T5.Domestic abuse happens when one person in a closerelationship.1.In a close relationship or a marriage,if one person tries to control another,domestic abuse may happen.T 2.If the abusive behavior comes from a teenager,sometimes it is acceptable.F3.Domestic abuse usually includes physical violence,verbal violence and emotional abuse.T4.Besides the purpose of gaining and maintaining total control over someone,domestic abuse may be used for some other purposes.F 5.Domestic abuse may happen among the groups of the male and the rich.T 6.We are pleased to announce that the winner of this year'sTeaching Award goes to Dr.Marie Dagenais.1.Marie is the winner of this year's Teaching Award.T 2.Marie graduated from Yale University in 1983.F3.Marie graduated from Yale University in 1983.F 3.Marie was appointed to Professor in 2006.T 4.Marie was the President of American Association of Distance Education during 2021-2021.F5.Marie has done a great contribution to Americandistance education.T7.Many people live in large families.1.In an extendedfamily,people live in different houses.F 2.An extended family includes at least three generations.T 3.In an extended family,the grandparents will not look after the grand children because they are busy working,too.F4.Extended families can be found all over the world.T5.Children can live happily with their parents andgrandparents.T8.One study in the United States found that thirty-eightpercent of foreign students said they had no close American friends.1.A study showed that 38% foreign students had many close American friends.F 2.Universities have been working on improving the relationships between foreign and American students.T 3.Ms.Gareis thinks taking part in some acitivities is a good way to improve the relationship.T4.Ms.Gareis says the acivities shouldn't be held repeatedly throughout the term.F5.Making friends when they begin school is helpful for thestudents to create long lasting friendships.T9.Joan has been charged with a misdemeanor by asking her13-year-old son to drive.1.Joan has been charged with driving after drinking.F2.Mike was 35 years old.F 3.Joan and Donald were both too drunk to drive.T3.It was the first time for Mike to drive.T 5.The police stopped Mike in the middle of the street.F10.LOS ANGELES,July 20(Xinhua)-A masked gunman releasedtear gas and opened fire into a crowded movie theater.1.In the shooting,50 people were killed and 12 people were injured.F 2.The shooter was arrested.T 3.The FBI said that the shooter was from the terror groups.F 4.The moviegoers didn't realize the person would shoot at the crowd at first.T.5.Only the police went to the mall to help.F。

人文历史考点

人文历史考点人文历史是我们了解过去文明的重要途径，通过对历史事件、人物和文化的研究，我们可以探究人类社会发展的轨迹和其中的变迁。

本文将就几个重要的人文历史考点展开探讨，并以其为切入点，拓展对历史的认知。

一、古埃及文明古埃及是世界上最早的文明之一，其于公元前3100年至公元前30年左右繁荣发展。

尼罗河的水文使得古埃及拥有丰饶的土地，农业生产极为发达。

此外，古埃及人的宗教信仰对于其文化起到了重要的推动作用。

法老作为国家的最高统治者，担当着神圣的角色，同时也是埃及文明的代表。

这种特殊的宗教观念和政治制度对古埃及社会产生了深远的影响。

二、希腊古典文化古希腊文化被誉为西方文明的摇篮，其对世界影响深远。

希腊人在哲学、艺术、政治和科学等领域取得了卓越的成就。

古希腊的城邦制度为后世政治体系的建立奠定了基础，民主、法治、公民权利的概念也随之产生。

同时，希腊的文化艺术也非常繁荣，雕塑、建筑、戏剧等方面都取得了重要的突破。

三、中国古代文明中国古代文明可以追溯到距今5000多年前的大汶口文化。

中国古代历经夏、商、周等朝代的更迭，形成了丰富多样的文化遗产。

中国古代的哲学思想如儒家、道家和墨家等对后世产生了重要的影响。

此外，中国的科技、农业、艺术等领域也取得了诸多创新与突破。

四、罗马帝国的衰亡罗马帝国曾经辉煌繁荣，但最终走向了衰亡。

罗马帝国的衰落过程涉及到政治、经济、军事和文化等多个方面的原因。

内部的政治腐败和分裂以及外部民族的入侵都对罗马帝国造成了严重的冲击。

此次衰亡也标志着古代世界的一次重大转折，开启了中世纪的时代。

五、现代历史事件——第二次世界大战第二次世界大战是20世纪最具影响力的历史事件之一，给人类社会带来了深远的影响。

这场战争导致了世界范围内的巨大破坏和人员伤亡，同时也改变了世界的格局。

战后，联合国成立，以促进和平与国际合作，防止类似的全球冲突再次发生。

世界各国之间的关系也发生了巨大的变化。

通过对以上几个人文历史考点的介绍，我们可以看到人类历史发展的多样性和丰富性。

人文社会科学概论复习题

08 小教专业人文社会科学概论复习资料人文科学的含义关于人的生命整体存在状态的理论。

是对人的内在精神世界和客观的文化世界等人文现象的省察及其知识形态。

人文科学的性质:①人文科学是关于人的科学；②是关于人性、人的本质、人的价值和意义的科学；③是对人的精神文化及其知识体系进行研究的科学；④是对人类提供价值引导的科学。

人文科学的基本特征①真理性与价值性:即在实然与应然、事实与价值的动态关联中达到统一；②批判性:即对人文文化反思与批判；③客观性与规律性:是研究人文活动,揭示其中的规律；④人文性：用特定的方法对人的文化方面进行研究；⑤累积性与传承性:人文现象与人文思潮具有历史性。

人文科学与自然科学的区别①任何科学都是主体（人）对客体的认知,而人文科学在很大程度上是“主体性科学”。

②自然科学主要是“实证科学”、“实验科学”,更多地运用定量研究、逻辑推导和论证；而人文科学主要采取定性研究,运用归纳、推测、设想和体验的方法,在相当程度上是“直觉科学”、“灵感科学”、“解释性科学”；③自然科学具有“创新性、专业性”特征,人文科学则主要表现为“历史性、世俗性”。

哲学的含义：（1）作为智慧的哲学：⑴爱智慧，或称作智慧之学”。

⑵哲学之为“世界观的学问”。

世界观：对世界的总体性、根本性的观点。

以世界的眼光观照事物；把所面对的事情放在世界中审视其存在，评论其意义。

（2）学术视野中的哲学：哲学是一种关于存在的研究，但它不是研究存在的某一方面，而是研究存在的整体。

是一种关于辩明性的研究，它的任务是努力证明我们所做的那些陈述的正当性和合理性。

是关于思想概念的意义分析，是对支配我们思想和活动的那些至关重要的基本概念或观念的逻辑澄清或阐明。

哲学的特点（ 1 ）超越性（超越常识、科学、情绪等）（2）整体性（3）根本性（ 4 ）反思性（5）理想性（6）批判性哲学的基本功能（ 1 ）为人类生活和人类实践指示理想目标。

（2）为科学研究和日常思考提供分析基础。

中国文化概论系列复习资料一

复习资料一名词解释1.广义文化：它是指人类在长期的历史发展中共同创造并赖以生存的物质与精神存在的总和。

2.狭义文化：又称人文文化。

它是某一社会集体(民族或阶层)在长期历史发展中经传承累积而自然凝聚的共有的人文精神及其物质体现总体体系。

3.文化产品：它分广义的文化产品和狭义的文化产品两种。

广义的文化产品指人类创造的一切提供给社会的可见成品L既包括物质产品，也包括精神产品。

狭义的文化产品专指精神产品，纯粹实用的生产工具、生活器具、能源资材等，一般不称为文化产品。

4.文化内涵：它是把一些不屑于狭义文化的事物中所具有的人文特性凸现出来，称为事物的文化内涵。

如筷子属于生活用品，只有实用功能。

但它有产生的历史背景、与民族饮食特点的适应性(也就是其样式的民族化)、各时代对其美化的方式、有关它的传说故事以及命名的由来等等，这些都属于它的人文精神属性的表现，所以，就是它的文化内涵。

我们平时说的“筷子文化”，就是针对所指事物的文化内涵而言的。

5.文化现象：指的是人类文化发展过程中呈现出的某种外部状态和联系。

6.文化事象：在某一历史时期，某一国家(民族或地域)文化发展中带有典型和标志作用的事情反复出现时，这种含规律性的现象称为文化事象。

7.文化观念：一个时期某一阶层或某一行业的人群对文化问题所持的态度和看法，或在某一文化事象里所表现的意识形态，诸如价值观、审美观等等，称作文化观念。

8.文化思潮：某种文化观念及与之相关的文化事象，在某一特定时期，在一定的背景下，对社会产生广泛影响，为多数人所赞同和奉行，形成一种潮流，称作文化思潮。

9.文化政策：指一定时代、一定的社会条件下，行政机构对文化领域的问题所颁布的相关规定和对策原则。

10.民族文化；在一个多民族的国家里，不同的民族都有自己不同于其他民族的文化，文化的差异与特色是划分民族的标志之一，而民族又是文化划分的依据。

但由于历史发展条件和文化本身的结构、功能等的特点，不同民族的文化在发展中都具有鲜明的民族特色和地域特色。

人文英语 1 期末复习资料

人文英语 1 期末复习资料试题结构部分内容题型题量分值总分值时间（分钟）交际用语简短对话选择题 5 2 10 5词汇与结构单句或简短对话选择题 15 2 30 15阅读理解 2 篇对话或短文选择题 10 4 40 25英译汉句子选择题 5 4 20 15总计 35 100 601. – Hi, Wang Xin, nice to meet you!-- Hi, Liu Mei （） [单选题]A. nice to meet you too.(正确答案)B. how do you do?C. I’m fine, thank you.2. -- I can show you around, if you like. （） [单选题]A. I can’t wait.B. Sure, thank you.(正确答案)C. Let’s go.3. – Tomorrow will be fine. Shall we go out for a picnic? （） [单选题]A. Sounds great!(正确答案)B. Good luck!C. Have fun!4. – Happy New Year! （） [单选题]A. Really.B. Thank youC. The same to you.(正确答案)5. – Hi! How are you doing? （） [单选题]A. That’s all right.B. How are you doing?C. I’m doing well.(正确答案)6. – I won the first prize in today’s speech contest. （） [单选题]A. Congratulations!(正确答案)B. Great!C. Thanks!7. – Seat belts save lives.（） [单选题]A. I won’t put on my seat belt.B. I will put on my seat belt.C. It’s true, I can't agree more.(正确答案)8. – Hello, can I speak to Liu Hui, please.（） hold on please [单选题]A. Yes, I am.B. Yes, speaking.(正确答案)C. Yes, you can.9. – Hello, I’m Susan. Nice to meet you.（） [单选题]A. Are you?B. Nice to meet you, too.(正确答案)C. Very nice.10. – How are you feeling now? （） [单选题]A. Much better than just now.(正确答案)B. It’s OK.C. Thank you.11. --Why did you stop my car, police officer?（） You just ran a red light. [单选题]A. Your driver's license please.(正确答案)B. I just want to.C. No why.12. --What is your major? （） [单选题]A. Li Mei.B. A fresh man.C. Education.(正确答案)13. -- I was worried about my driving test, but I passed it. （） [单选题]A. Don't worry about it.B. Good luck to you.C. Congratulations! That's not easy.(正确答案)14. --Here you are, Sir. （） [单选题]A. All right.B. Yes, here you are.C. Thank you very much.(正确答案)15. --How about going to the class together?（） [单选题]A. Of course notB. That sounds great(正确答案)C. I don’t like it.16. – Thank you for sharing this with me. （） No worry/It's my honor. [单选题]A. NothingB. You can share, tooC. My pleasure(正确答案)17. –What will you buy for the Spring Festival? （） [单选题]A. I will buy gifts for my family(正确答案)B. Clothes are on saleC. I want to go Shopping18. --__________________ （）It’s dark brown. [单选题]A. How about his weight?B. Is he a tall guy?C. What color is his hair?(正确答案)19. — Hi, Tom, how’s everything with you? （） and how are you? [单选题]A. Don’t mention itB. Hm, not too bad(正确答案)C. Thanks20. —Are you ready to take a ride in my new sports car? （） [单选题]A. I don’t like your sports car.B. Yes, I’d love to.(正确答案)C. No, I won’t.21.—（）. — Less than 50 miles per hour. [单选题]A. How fast were you driving?(正确答案)B. Were you driving north?C. How was theroad?22. –Hi, Liu Hui. Have you got something on your mind? （） [单选题]A. Hmmm, I am a little upset.(正确答案)B. What? What are you saying?C. Sure. Thank you二、词汇与结构（共计 30 分，每小题 2 分）阅读下面句子，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的正确选项1. They work in the same company and they are ______ with each other.（） [单选题]A. goodB. be familiar with(正确答案)C. interested2. Social workers should learn how to _______ people.（） [单选题]A. look atB. look intoC. look after(正确答案)3. They ______ some social work at the weekends.（） [单选题]A. do(正确答案)B. doesC. did4. They must try to ______ the boundaries of knowledge.（） [单选题]A. extend(正确答案)B. increaseC. enrich5. Well, I hope you ______ enjoying to the party tomorrow afternoon.（） [单选题]A. are all(正确答案)B. all areC. all6. I saw him ______, and afterwards he was caught by the police.（） [单选题]A. steal(正确答案)B. stoleC. stolen7. I would like to do the job ______ you don’t force me to study.（） [单选题]A. in caseB. althoughC. as long as(正确答案)8. A student will probably attend four or five courses during each ______.（） [单选题]A. seminarB. semester(正确答案)C. season9. We can’t afford a bicycle, ______ a car.（） [单选题]A. even ifB. let alone(正确答案)C. let out10. He ______ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.（） [单选题]A. givesB. is going to /will give(正确答案)C. gave11. If it rains tomorrow, we ______ for a picnic.（） [单选题]A. wouldn’t go outB. can’t go outC. won’t go out(正确答案)12. I thought you ______ like something to read. So I have brought you some book.（）[单选题]A. willB. mightC. would(正确答案)13. He ______ to Shanghai for I saw him here a minute ago.（） [单选题]A. can’t goB. can’t have gone(正确答案)C. didn’t go14. ______ he left school at 16, he still managed to be a great writer.（） [单选题]A. Even though(正确答案)B. Even ifC. Even although16. Don’t forget to ______ your seat belt when you’re driving.（） [单选题]A. put upB. put offC. put on(正确答案)17. The couple was ______ that they couldn’t drive home.so...that too...to（） [单选题]A. so drunk(正确答案)B. too drunkC. drunk enough18. He suggested that the drunk driver ______. [单选题]A. Be/get punished(正确答案)B. to be punishedC. punished19. John ______ three bottles of beer just now, so he can’t drive himself homenow.（）[单选题]A. does drinkB. did drink(正确答案)C. do drink20. As a result of his hard work, he has gained ______ to the Beijing University.（） [单选题]A. Admission(正确答案)B. rewardC. opportunity21. ______students are playing on the ground.（） [单选题]A. The number ofB. A number of(正确答案)C. A number22. The novel I bought last week is ______ of reading I think.（） [单选题]A. Worthy(正确答案)B. worthC. that worth23. Our classroom is ______ beautiful than theirs.（） [单选题]A. more(正确答案)B. veryC. much24. Tom is considered to be ______ the other students in her class.（） [单选题]A. less intelligentB. the most intelligentC. as intelligent as(正确答案)25. The pace of ______ growth is picking up.（） [单选题]A. EconomyB. economicalC. economic(正确答案)26. He usually ______ from headache.（） [单选题]A. endureB. suffers(正确答案)C. receive27. Listen! The baby ______ in the next room.（） [单选题]A. criesB. criedC. is crying(正确答案)28. ______ she wins _______ loses, this is her last chance.（） [单选题]A. If…orB. Whether…or(正确答案)C. Whether… or not29. The traffic accident ______ three days ago.（） [单选题]A. HappensB. took place(正确答案)C. was occurred30. I’d like to know what time we can get the container ______ it is in theport.（） [单选题]A. whyB. when(正确答案)C. where31. The police asked the driver to _______ the car to have an alcohol test.（） [单选题]A. pull over(正确答案)B. pull outC. pull on32. The ________ driver was seriously hurt in the traffic accident.（） [单选题]A. 40-years-oldB. 40-year-old(正确答案)C. 40 year old33. You’d better ________ the car because you are drunk. [单选题]A. let me drive(正确答案)B. let me to driveC. to let me drive34. If it rains tomorrow, we _________ out for a picnic.（） [单选题]A. wouldn’t goB. can’t goC. won’t go(正确答案)35. The gunman stood ________ the theatre and shoot at the audience inside.（） [单选题]A. at the front of(正确答案)B. in front ofC. on front of36. Tom is good at playing ________ piano.（） [单选题]A. aB. anC. the(正确答案)37. He did not _________ on my proposal about the new project（） [单选题]A. recommendB. comment(正确答案)C. command38. The street is _________ for five cars to go side by side. [单选题]A. wideB. wide enough(正确答案)C. enough wide39. The higher the temperature, _______ the liquid evaporates（） [单选题]A. the faster(正确答案)B. fasterC. the slower40. –Are you a member of the ________? I’m her brother.（） [单选题]A. houseB. household(正确答案)C. home41. The train is running fifty miles ___________.（） [单选题]A. an/per hour(正确答案)B. the hour42. I enjoy _______ books in the library.（） [单选题]A. readB. reading(正确答案)C. to read43. I hope our plan will ________ by the board.（） [单选题]A. approveB. be approvingC. be approved(正确答案)44. The case happened _______ Tuesday afternoon.（） [单选题]A. inB. on(正确答案)C.at45. You’ll _________ have your own room.（） [单选题]A. allB. each(正确答案)C. both46. Well, I heard him _________ he’d cover the afternoon shift.（） [单选题]A. say(正确答案)B. said47. Jim is one of the most popular ________ in my company.（） [单选题] A．classmatesB．citizensC．colleagues(正确答案)48. You are ______ to finish your homework on time.（） [单选题]A. supposeB.supposed to(正确答案)C. not supposed49. I want make _______ difference in _______ world.（） [单选题]A. the…aB. a…the(正确答案)C. a…a50. People can't live without _______ sun.（） [单选题]A. aB. anC. the(正确答案)51. She is _________ General Manager of __________ big company.（） [单选题]A. a, anB. the, a(正确答案)52. When you feel ________, you should go to see a doctor.（） [单选题]A. Sick(正确答案)B. safeC. sad53. I would ______ any weakness and any fear.（） [单选题]A. comeB. overcome(正确答案)C. throw54. The schools informed the parents_____ the case immediately.（） [单选题]A. inB. toC. of(正确答案)55. I think we are friends________ colleagues.（） [单选题]A. as well as(正确答案)B. as long asC. as good as56. Let the victims know that you are _______ to help.（） [单选题]A. as well asB. as long asC. available(正确答案)57. Some holidays in the United Kingdom _________ back hundreds of years.（） [单选题]A. date(正确答案)B. comeC. return58. The Mid-Autumn Festival, as the name ________, falls on the fifteenth day（） [单选题]A. suggests(正确答案)B. appearsC. means59. Someone then suggested they __________ the car home.（suggest sb.do sth.）（）[单选题]A. push(正确答案)B. pushedC. to push60. They ______ some social work at the weekends last year.（） [单选题]A. doB. doesC. did(正确答案)61. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.It is the time when the moon is said to be ________ its highest and fullest.（） [单选题]A. at(正确答案)B. inC. on62. Joan has been charged _______ a misdemeanor by asking her 13-year-old sonto drive, putting her child in a dangerous situation.（） [单选题]A. ofB. with(正确答案)C. for63. I am very pleased to be a member of the _______.（） [单选题]A. houseB. household(正确答案)C. home64. She also suggests that foreign students _________ housing with American students.（） [单选题]A. share(正确答案)B. will shareC. shared.65. Many people live in large families. In a big family, all the people share one _______.（） [单选题]A. roomB. household(正确答案)C. family三、阅读理解（共计 40 分，每小题 4 分）(1)阅读下列短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个正确答案，并将答案写在答题纸上。

人文常识知识汇总表

人文常识知识汇总表
人文常识知识汇总表包括了许多关于人类历史、文化、艺术、哲学等方面的知识。

以下是一些常见的人文常识知识点：
1. 世界历史：了解世界各地的历史事件，如古埃及文明、古希腊罗马文明、中世纪欧洲、文艺复兴等。

2. 中国历史：熟悉中国的历史朝代，如夏商周、秦汉、三国两晋南北朝、隋唐五代十国、宋元明清等。

3. 文学：了解世界各地的著名文学作品，如莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》、
但丁的《神曲》、歌德的《浮士德》等；同时，也要熟悉中国的经典文学作品，如《诗经》、《楚辞》、《红楼梦》、《西游记》等。

4. 哲学：了解世界各地的哲学思想，如古希腊哲学家苏格拉底、柏拉
图、亚里士多德，以及中国的儒家、道家、墨家等。

5. 艺术：熟悉世界各地的艺术流派和代表作品，如文艺复兴时期的达
芬奇、米开朗基罗等画家的作品，以及中国的传统绘画、书法等。

6. 音乐：了解世界各地的著名音乐家和作品，如贝多芬的《第九交响
曲》、莫扎特的《魔笛》等，以及中国传统音乐如京剧、昆曲等。

7. 宗教：了解世界各地的主要宗教，如基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教、印
度教等，以及它们的历史、信仰和教义。

8. 科学：了解科学发展史上的重要人物和发现，如伽利略的地心说与
日心说的争论、牛顿的万有引力定律等。

9. 地理：熟悉世界各地的地理位置、地形地貌、气候特点等，如亚洲
的喜马拉雅山脉、非洲的撒哈拉沙漠等。

10. 体育：了解世界各地的体育项目和运动员，如奥运会、世界杯等国
际赛事，以及中国的传统体育项目如武术、太极拳等。

这些知识点可以帮助我们更好地了解人类社会的发展和文化传承，提高我们的人文素养。

人文会考知识点总结高中

人文会考知识点总结高中
一、历史
1.中国古代的历史
中国古代历史包括夏商周时期、春秋战国、秦汉时期、三国两晋南北朝、隋唐时期、五代十国、宋元明清时期等。

这些历史时期都有其独特的政治制度、社会文化、经济发展等方面的特点。

2.世界古代的历史
世界古代历史包括古埃及、古希腊、古罗马、古印度、古巴比伦等古代文明，这些文明在政治、宗教、科技、文化等方面都有着重要的影响。

3.近现代的历史
近现代历史主要包括了近代欧洲史、中国近现代史、世界两次世界大战、冷战时期、社会主义国家的兴起与发展等内容。

二、地理
1.自然地理
自然地理主要包括地球的形状与结构、地球的运动与变化、地球的自然环境、地球资源与环境保护等内容。

2.人文地理
人文地理主要包括人口与城市、农业与工业、交通与通信、城乡与区域发展等内容。

3.世界地理
世界地理包括了世界各大洲的地理特点、世界主要国家的地理特点、世界各国的经济、文化、政治等方面的情况。

三、政治
1.政治制度
政治制度主要包括了各种政治组织的构成、政治权利的实现、政治权力的运行、政治流程的规定等内容。

2.政治体系
政治体系主要包括了各国的政治体系、各国的政治组织、各国的政治制度等内容。

3.国际政治
国际政治包括了各国之间的政治关系、国际社会的政治组织、国际政治组织的运行等内容。

综上所述，人文科目的知识点包括了历史、地理、政治等方面的内容，这些内容都涉及到
人类社会的发展演变、国家地理环境、政治体系等方面的知识。

希望通过以上总结，能够
帮助学生更好地备考人文科目。

人文英语1复习资料(全)

******翻译I would like to do the job as long as you don't force me to study.Happy New Year! The same to you. I would overcome any weakness and any fear.Haven't seen you for ages, Mike. How's it going?Pretty good. I'd like to know what time we can get the container when it is inEverything goes well. the port.He made up a good excuse for staying at home. If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to picnic.Hello, May I speak to Zhang Hua? One moment, please. I'm Joan has been charged witha misdemeanor by asking lierafraid he isn't in at the moment. 13-year-old son todrive,putting her child in dangerousHello,can I speak to Liu Hui,please?Yes,speaking. situation.Hello,I'mSusan.Nice to meet you.Nince to meet you,too. John does drink three bottles of beer just now,so he can't driveHere you are,Sir.Thank you very much. himself home now.Hi!How are you doing?I'm doing well. Listen!The baby is crying in the next room.Hi, Tom, how's everything with you? Hmmm, not too bad .and Many people live in large families .In a big families ,all thehow are you? people share one household.Hi,LiuHui.Have you got something on your mind?Hmmm,I am a Our classroom is more beautiful than theirs.little upset. Our classroom is much more beautiful than theirs.Hi,WnagXin,nice to meet you! Hi,LiuHui,nice to meet you. She also suggests that foreign students share housing withHow about going to the class together? That sounds great American students.How are you feeling now?Much better. Social workers should learn how to look after people.How fast were you driving?Less than 50 miles per hour. The 40-year-old driver was seriously hurt in the graffic accident.I can show you around,if you like.I can't wait. The couple was so drunk that they couldn't drive home.I was worried about my driving test,but I passed The gunman stood in front of the theatre and shot at theit.Congratulations!That's not easy. audience inside.I won the first prize in today's speech contest. Congratulations! The higher the temperature is ,the faster the liquid evaporates.I won the first prize in today's speech contest.Congratulations! The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighthIs that Jim speaking?No. This is Tom lunar month.Seat belts save lives.It'strue,I agree. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighthThank you for sharing this with me. My pleasure! lunar month.It is the timewhen the moon is said to be at itsThe first day of June is International Children's Day. brightest and fullest.The old lady blamed Tom for breaking the window. The novel I bought last week is worthy of reading I think.Tomorrow will be fine,Shall we go out for a picnic?Sounds The pace of economic growth is picking up.great! The passers-by were shocked to see the workers pulling the carWhat color is his hair? It's dark brown. along the street.What is your major?Education. The police asked the driver to pull over the car to have anWhat would you usually do on Mid-Autumn Day? People will alcohol test.eat moon cakes and enjoy the beautiful full moon. The police saw him lying on the ground when they arrived.Why did you stop my car,policeofficer?Your driver's license The schools informed the parents of the case immediately.please.You just ran a red light. The street is wide enough for five cars to go side by side.Would you like to come to my house for dinner Sunday night? The traffic accident took place three days ago.All right! Thanks for inviting me. The train is running fifty miles an hour.You won the first prize in the Physics competition. You must be The train is running fifty miles an hour.joking I made several terrible mistakes. There are some visitors coming to our marketing department***词汇与结构next week.A student will probably attend four or five courses during each They did some social work at the weekends last year.semester. They do some social work at the weekends.A number of students are playing on the ground. They must try to extend, the boundaries of knowledge.Are you a member of the household? I'm her brother. They must try to extend the boundaries of knowledge.As a result of his hard work,he has gained admission to the They work in the same company and they are familiar withBeijing University. each other.Bai Mei don't know Liu Hui, so ZhuangHua introduce her to This is not like him. Something must be wrong.Liu Hui. Tom is considered to be as intelligent as the other students inDon't forget to put on your seat belt when you're driving. class.Even though he left school at 16,he still managed to become a Tom is good at playing the piano. great writer. We can't afford a bicycle,let alone a car.He can't have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. Well, I hope you are all coming to the party tomorrowHe did not comment on my proposal about the new project. afternoon.He gave no indication of being a suspect. What is so special about this Social Work Center? It offers helpHe is going to give her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. to homeless people.He suggested that the drunk driver be punished. Whether she wins or she loses,this is her last chance.He usually suffers from headache. You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.I am very pleased to be a member of the household . You'd better let me drive the car because you are drunk.I enjoy reading books in the library. You'll each have your own room.I hope our plan will be approved by the board.阅读理解*********I saw him steal ,and afterwards he was caught by the police. 1. In the past,American families tended to be quit large. 答案：I thought you might like something to read.So I have brought 1.In the past,American families tended to be quiteyou some books. large.2.To parents who take the responsibility for*** *********children's expenses,the cost of living increases because all acivitiesshouldn't be held repeatedly throughout theof the above.3.Children whose parents divorced always term. F5.Making friends when they begin school is helpfulfeel unsettled because they are moved between their for the students to create long lasting friendships. Tparents4.According to the author,the situations of 9. Joan has been charged with a misdemeanor by asking herAmerican families in the future may get better.5.The title 13-year-old son todrive.1.Joan has been charged withof the article might be American Families. driving after drinking. F2.Mike was 35 years old. F3.Joan2. Ten workers in China pushed their boss's car three miles and Donald were both too drunk to drive. T3.It was thehome after an office party.1.10workers in China pushed first time for Mike to drive.T 5.The police stopped Mike intheir boss's car home in 45 minutes.2.Drink-driving was the middle of the street. F listed as a dangerous offence in China in 2014.3.Those 10. LOS ANGELES,July20(Xinhua)-A masked gunman releasedwho break the law may be put in jail.4.People pushing the tear gas and opened fire into a crowded moviecar along the road would not be classed as drink-driving theater.1.In the shooting,50 people were killed and 12because the car engine was not running.5.We can infer people were injured. F 2.The shooter was arrested. T 3.Thefrom the passage that drink-driving is against the law. FBI said that theshooter was from the terror3. I used to think education was the most important thing in groups .F4.The moviegoers didn't realize the person wouldmy life.1.From the passage, we know that the author shoot at the crowd at first.T.5.Only the police went to therealizes that it s’m ore important to ? ? 2.By saying that she mall to help. Fis a junior student'in her college,the author means thatshe is a student in her third year in college.3.The authorthinks the awards she has received don't necessarilyreflect her real self.4.The author fears that she will be ofno use to society,mainly because she does not know howto communicate with others.5.Which of the followingstatements is NOT true.She wants to get some shelterfrom the real world.4. Hi,I am Zhao Xin from Beijing.1.Zhao Xin is studying in theOpen University now. F2.His major is marketing. F 3.He islooking after the elderly at a nursing homenowadays. F4.He wants to change the world and make itbetter. T5.He is proud of being a scoialworker. T5. Domestic abuse happens when one person in a closerelationship.1.In a close relationship or a marriage,if oneperson tries to control another,domestic abuse mayhappen. T 2.If the abusive behavior comes from ateenager,sometimes it is acceptable. F3.Domestic abuseusually includes physical violence,verbal violence andemotional abuse. T 4.Besides the purpose of gaining andmaintaining total control over someone,domestic abusemay be used for some other purposes. F 5.Domestic abusemay happen among the groups of the male and the rich. T6. We are pleased to announce that the winner of this year'sTeaching Award goes to Dr.Marie Dagenais.1.Marie is thewinner of this year's Teaching Award. T2.Marie graduatedfrom Yale University in 1983. F 3.Marie graduated fromYale University in 1983. F 3.Marie was appointed toProfessor in 2006. T 4.Marie was the President ofAmerican Association of Distance Education during2009-2011. F 5.Marie has done a great contribution toAmerican distance education. T7. Many people live in large families.1.In an extendedfamily,people live in different houses. F 2.An extendedfamily includes at least three generations. T3.In anextended family,the grandparents will not look after the*** grand children because they are busyworking,too. F4.Extended families can be found all over the world. T5.Children can live happily with their parents and grandparents. T8. One study in the United States found that thirty-eightpercent of foreign students said they had no close American friends.1.A study showed that 38% foreign students had many close American friends .F 2.Universities have been working on improving the relationships between foreign and American students. T 3.Ms.Gareis thinks taking part in some acitivities is a good way to improve the relationship. T 4.Ms.Gareis says the ***。

人文的知识点总结图文

人文的知识点总结图文文化文化是人类社会发展的产物，代表着某一社会及其成员的精神和物质生活的堆积。

人文学科中的文化研究主要围绕着文化形式、文化传承和文化交流等方面展开。

文化形式包括了宗教、习俗、建筑、风俗、服饰、婚嫁、节庆等各种民俗文化，它们反映了一个民族、一个地域的特色和传统。

文化传承则是指一个社会对自身文化遗产的传承、保护和发扬。

文化交流则是不同文化之间的相互影响和互相渗透。

人文学科的研究者们通过文化研究，可以了解不同文化之间的发展和联系，从而实现多元文化的传承与共存。

历史历史研究是人文学科中重要的一部分。

历史是人类社会发展的过程，是人类的记忆和生活的延续。

人文学科中的历史研究主要包括历史事件的考证、历史人物的研究、历史文物的保护以及古代历史的研究等方面。

历史研究帮助人们了解并思考人类社会从远古到今天的变化和发展，从而更好地认识自身，推动社会的进步与发展。

语言语言是人类思想、情感和知识的表达工具，是文化传承和沟通的媒介。

语言学是人文学科中的一个重要分支，主要包括语音学、形态学、句法学、语义学和语用学等方面。

语言的研究帮助人们更好地理解语言的演变和发展，探索不同语言背后的文化和思想。

另外，语言学的研究也有助于理解语言的交际功能和语言与社会的关系，为语言教学、翻译和跨文化交流提供理论支持。

哲学哲学是研究宇宙、人类、社会和思维等基本问题的学科，是人文学科中的核心学科之一。

哲学研究主要包括形而上学、认识论、伦理学、美学、社会哲学等方面。

哲学帮助人们对世界和人生有更深入、更广阔的认识，从而引导人们对自身和社会的发展有更深刻的认识和思考。

哲学的研究和探索，对于逻辑思维能力和解决现实问题有很大的启发和指导作用。

艺术艺术是人文学科中的重要组成部分。

艺术既反映了一定历史和文化背景下的审美情趣和审美观念，也是人类创造力的结晶和表达艺术的形式多种多样。

人文学科中的艺术研究主要包括绘画、音乐、舞蹈、戏剧、雕塑、建筑等方面。

教师资格证人文知识

教师资格证人文知识一、引言教师资格证是评价教师专业素质的重要凭证之一。

作为一名优秀的教师，不仅需要掌握专业的教育知识，还需要具备丰富的人文知识。

本文将就教师资格证考试相关的人文知识内容展开讨论，旨在帮助广大教师资格证考生更好地备考。

二、中国古代文化1. 儒家文化：儒家思想在中国古代的影响非常深远，对教育和教师的观念产生了重要影响。

2. 佛教文化：佛教强调慈悲与智慧，对教师的心态和修养有较大的启迪。

3. 道家文化：道家注重天人合一、无为而治的思想，对教师的自身修养和教学方法提出了独特的要求。

三、中国近现代文化思潮1. 白话文运动：白话文运动的兴起推动了教育普及的进程，对于培养学生的语文素养和思辨能力具有重要影响。

2. 文化自觉运动：文化自觉运动强调对中国传统文化的认同和发扬，对教师的文化素养提出新的要求。

3. 五四运动：五四运动提倡科学、民主、自由的精神，对教师的思想觉悟和教育理念产生了深刻的影响。

四、世界文化与跨文化交流1. 古希腊罗马文化：古希腊罗马文化是西方文化的重要源头，对教育和人文学科的发展具有深远的影响。

2. 印度文化：印度拥有悠久的文明史和独特的哲学体系，了解印度文化对于提高文化包容性和促进校园文化建设具有意义。

3. 东亚文化：中国、日本、韩国等东亚国家拥有共同的文化根源，跨文化交流对于推进地区教育的发展至关重要。

五、文化艺术1. 中国古代文学：了解中国古代文学作品，如《红楼梦》、《论语》等，有助于丰富教师的文化底蕴和教学资源。

2. 世界文学名著：熟悉世界文学名著，如莎士比亚的戏剧作品、雨果的小说等，可以拓宽教师的视野和文学素养。

3. 传统音乐舞蹈戏曲：了解中国传统音乐舞蹈戏曲艺术，如京剧、汉剧等，有助于培养学生对传统文化的热爱和认同。

六、民间文化1. 中国民间艺术：中国拥有丰富多样的民间艺术，如剪纸、民间绘画等，了解民间文化有助于挖掘学生的创造力和审美能力。

2. 民间传说与传统节日：了解中国的民间传说和传统节日，如《牛郎织女》等，有助于提高教师对文化传统的传承和弘扬的意识。

XX年人文英语1期末复习资料(附答案解析)

XX年人文英语1期末复习资料(附答案解析)第二部分样题一一、交际用语1~5题：选择正确的语句完成下面的对话。

1．—Hi,WangXin,nicetomeetyou!—Hi,LiuHui. A．Nicetomeetyoutoo.B．Howdoyoudo？C．I'mfine,thankyou.答案：A 解析：本题考查“互相问候”的交际用语。

第一说话人以nicetomeetyou 问候对方时，答语应用nicetomeetyoutoo来回应，所以答案是A。

2．—Howaboutgoingtotheclasstogether？—A．Ofcoursenot.B．Thatsoundsgreat.C．Idon'tlikeit.答案：B 解析：本题考查“提出建议”的交际用语。

第一说话人提出一起去上课的建议，如果赞同，根据给出答案，答语应该是这听起来不错；如果不赞同，则应委婉礼貌地拒绝，C答案语气太强硬，不太礼貌，所以答案是B。

3．—Thankyouforsharingthiswithme.—A．Nothing.B．Youcanshare,too.C．Mypleasure!答案：C解析：本题考查“回复致谢”的交际用语。

Mypleasure是It'smypleasure的缩写，意为“不客气、很荣幸”。

常见的表达“不客气”的短语还有：Youarewelxxe/don'tmentionit/Surething等，所以答案是C。

4．—WhatwillyoubuyfortheSpringFestival？—A．Iwillbuygiftsformyfamily.B．Clothesareonsale.C．Iwanttogosho pping.答案：A解析：本题考查“购物”的交际用语。

“新年到了，你想买点儿什么呢”，应作出针对性的回答，即为A项：“我想买些礼物送给家人”；其余两项回答不够清晰，所以答案是A。

人文科学概论整理

2
道家讲出世是一种修行，要超然世外，无拘无束，逍遥济世，羽化成仙。
3、孔子是中国古典人文教育的奠基者：
1 2 3
孔子创办私学，招收学生，对中国古代教育的发展作出了开创性的贡献。孔子重视并修订、解读了六经和古代文、史、哲文献。孔子用“六艺”培养学生的人文修养和人文知识。
”的生命力和影响力： 4、 “六经六经”
2 3
从民族的不同看；不同民族的人，对于人文科学作用的需要是不同的。从人的素质的差异看；在同一时期、同一民族中，由于各个人的素质不
相同，因而人们对于人文科学的作用的认识也不相同，使得对于人文科学的作用，提出了不同的需要恶和不同的评价。 4、人的存在与活动意义：人的文化生命的存在与活动，是离不开价值的，可以说，价值在人的文化生命的存在与活动中占有核心的位置；是通过文学、史学、哲学，以各自的特殊形
2 邮箱：765320564@
代表作《历史》《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》《长征记》
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压中 2013 年人文科学概论考试试题其中 7 道
子恒倾情打造人文科学概论复习资料
犬儒学派安提斯泰尼
犬儒学派：该学派否定社会与文明，提倡回归自然，清心寡欲，鄙弃俗世的荣华富贵；要求人克己无求，独善其身，近于中国的道家。最著名的犬儒学派人士是安提西尼的弟子狄奥根尼。亚里士多德的“四因说” ：质料因、形式因、动力因、目的因。人文主义不是一种严格意义上的哲学理论，而是一种涉及文学、艺术、哲学、史学、自然科学等各个领域的时代思潮；强调以人为本，学术为本。文艺复兴时期; 在文学上，产生了但丁、皮特拉克、拉伯雷、塞万提斯、莎士比亚。在艺术上，产生了达芬奇、拉斐尔、米开朗琪罗等。在自然科学上，产生了哥白尼、伽利略、开普勒等，在哲学上，产生了布鲁诺、蒙田、培根等。但丁皮特拉克薄伽丘拉伯雷塞万提斯莎士比亚布鲁尼马基雅维利蒙田哥白尼、布鲁诺培根《神曲》《歌集》《十日谈》《巨人传》《堂吉可德》《哈姆雷特》《佛罗伦萨史》（12 卷）《佛罗伦萨史》（8 卷）《散文集》 “太阳中心说” 《新工具》

人文知识地理知识点总结

人文知识地理知识点总结一、人文知识1. 人类社会发展的历史进程人类社会发展的历史进程可以分为原始社会、奴隶社会、封建社会、资本主义社会和社会主义社会等不同阶段。

每个阶段都有其独特的社会制度、经济形态和文化特征，反映了人类社会在不同历史时期的发展状态和变革轨迹。

2. 不同文化的特点和传统不同文化的特点和传统涵盖了语言、宗教、艺术、哲学、风俗习惯等方面，反映了不同文化群体的社会观念、行为规范和精神追求。

多元文化的存在丰富了人类社会的多样性，促进了文化的多向交流和融合。

3. 社会制度和权利保障社会制度和权利保障是人文知识中的关键议题，包括政治制度、法律体系、社会秩序、公民权利等方面。

不同社会制度和权利保障的程度会直接影响到人民的生活质量和社会的稳定发展。

4. 社会发展和变革社会发展和变革是人文知识中的重要议题，包括经济发展、科技进步、社会进步、文明进程等方面。

社会发展和变革是人类社会历史进程中的动力源，促进了人类社会的不断向前发展和变革。

二、地理知识1. 地球环境和自然资源地球环境和自然资源包括陆地、海洋、大气等自然元素，以及水、土地、矿产等各种自然资源。

地球环境和自然资源的分布、利用和保护直接关系到人类的生存和发展。

2. 地理空间和地理特征地理空间和地理特征包括地球表面的地形、气候、植被、水系等各种地理要素，反映了地球地理空间的多样性和复杂性。

地球地理空间和地理特征的研究有助于了解地球地理环境的特点和规律。

3. 区域发展和地理分布区域发展和地理分布涉及到地区间的经济、政治、文化等方面的差异和变化。

不同区域的发展和地理分布会受到地理环境、资源禀赋、社会制度等多种因素的影响，反映了地球地理环境的不均衡性和多样性。

4. 自然灾害和环境保护自然灾害和环境保护是地理知识中的重要议题，包括地震、洪涝、干旱、环境污染等方面。

自然灾害的发生会给人类社会带来巨大的损失，环境保护的重要性日益凸显。

三、人文知识与地理知识的交叉人文知识与地理知识在某些方面存在着交叉和融合，彼此相互影响、相互作用。

人文会考必考知识点总结

人文会考必考知识点总结人文会考是高中学生学习三年的成果的一次集中展示。

人文会考试题涵盖了语文、历史、地理、政治、生物、化学、物理、艺术等多科知识，为了能够高效备考人文会考，我们需要对各科知识点进行总结和归纳。

一、语文1. 三大文学时期和代表作品：古代文学、现代文学、现当代文学2. 诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧的特点及代表作品3. 传统文化和当代文学的联系4. 文言文、白话文、现代汉语的基本运用技能5. 作文写作技巧和常见题型的应对策略二、历史1. 中国古代历史：夏商周、春秋战国、秦汉、三国两晋南北朝、隋唐五代、宋元明清2. 中国近现代史：鸦片战争、洋务运动、辛亥革命、五四运动、中国共产党的创建、抗日战争、解放战争、新中国成立、改革开放3. 世界现代史：资本主义、社会主义、第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战、冷战、联合国、全球化三、地理1. 自然地理：地球与地球运动、大气圈与气候、水资源、地形地貌与地球内部结构2. 人文地理：人口与城市、乡村与农业、工业化与城镇化、环境问题、地理信息系统四、政治1. 国家政治制度：人民代表大会制度、政府制度、法治国家建设2. 国家政治生活：政党制度、民主集中制、党和国家机构3. 中央政府与地方政府：中央管理与地方管理、分权与集权4. 政府宏观调控：经济政策、对外政策、对内政策5. 中国特色社会主义理论体系五、生物1. 生物的起源和进化：生物的起源、进化与分类2. 生物的结构和功能：细胞结构与功能、遗传物质DNA、生物的呼吸和新陈代谢3. 生物的生长和繁殖：生物的生长、植物的光合作用、动物的营养和代谢4. 生物的调节和适应：动植物的调节、生物的生物地理分布、生物的进化适应六、化学1. 元素周期表：元素的分类、周期表中元素的性质2. 化学反应：化学反应的基本类型、化学方程式的书写和平衡3. 物质的性质和变化：物质的性质、物质的组成、物质的变化4. 化学能：化学反应的热效应、化学能的转化七、物理1. 机械运动：匀速直线运动、曲线运动、变速直线运动2. 力学性质：力的性质、力的合成与分解、力的平衡3. 机械能：动能、势能、机械能守恒4. 电学应用：电路、电流、电阻、电功率、电能八、艺术1. 中国古代艺术：绘画、音乐、舞蹈、戏曲2. 中国现代艺术：中国画、油画、雕塑、美术设计3. 世界艺术：西画、雕塑、音乐、舞蹈、戏剧以上就是人文会考必考知识点的总结，通过对以上知识点的掌握和理解，相信大家可以顺利备考并取得优异成绩。

文化人类学复习资料

文化人类学复习资料第一章人类学与文化人类学名词解释：民族中心主义，文化相对主义，文化整体观民族中心主义：也叫“我族中心主义”，是以自己文化为标准来衡量和评价其他文化，认为只有自己的文化是自然的、正常的和优秀的，自己的文化高于其他一切文化的思想。

---------- 文化沙文主义---------种族主义文化相对主义：主张每一种文化都有其独创性和充分的价值，而且一切文化的价值都是相对的、平等的，但这种“平等”并不意味着放弃批评而全盘赞同或接受某一人群的所思所为，而是将文化行为放入其具体的历史、环境和社会中加以评估和对待。

--------是非不分的虚无主义文化整体观：首先指的是人类学家们在研究一种人类行为时，必须研究与该行为有关的其他方面的行为，即多角度、多方位地研究人类经验的众多方面。

其次，文化人类学家在比较各民族文化时，注意的是不同民族的生活方式如何形成的，又是如何传递给下一代的。

再就是文化人类学所研究的人无论从地域还是从时间的角度看，都比其他学科广阔。

简答：1.简述文化人类学的学科观文化整体观；文化相对观；文化普同观；文化适应观；文化整合观2.简述文化人类学的研究方法（1）.田野调查法，也称为田野工作，是一种对一个社会及其生活方式亲身从事的长期性的调查和体会工作。

是文化人类学家了解人类行为和收集文化资料最常采用的基本方法。

（2）.背景分析法，也称社区关系研究法，人类学家在解释某一独特群体的行为时，往往会把该行为与更广阔的背景联系起来进行研究。

也就是用背景构架来解释这些文化现象的来龙去脉。

（3）.跨文化比较法，也称为交叉文化研究法、泛文化研究法等，指的是从世界各地不同的民族志报告中抽样，把抽样的资料作统计分析，藉以说明或验证假说，探究人类行为的共同性及文化的差异性，并从中发现某种规律或通则。

（4）.主位与客位研究法，主位研究法也称为自观研究法，即站在局内人的立场对待所研究的文化；客位研究法也称为他观研究法，即站在局外人的立场对待所研究的文化。