高三英语定语从句讲解
高中英语:定语从句专项讲解
高中英语:定语从句专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳:定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句2.关系副词引导的定语从句3.判断关系代词与关系副词4.限制性和非限制性定语从句5.介词+关系词6.as, which 非限定性定语从句7.关系代词that 的用法一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1、who, whom, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who/that whom/that(可省略) whose指物which/that which/that(可省略) whose指人和物that that whose非限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who whom whose/of whom指物which which whose/of which特殊情况:只能用that的情况,先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;先行词有人又有物时;当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
不能用that的情况介词前置时;非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who,不用that的情况。
先行词为anyone,one,ones时;先行词为those,he和people时;这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom),that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。
董宇辉定语从句讲解
1. 定义:定语从句是一个句子,用作定语来修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词。
2. 结构:定语从句由关系代词(如that、which、who等)引导,紧跟在先行词之后。
例如:The man
who is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
)
3. 关系代词的作用:关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语的替代词,指代先行词所指代的名词或代
词。
4. 关系代词的种类:根据在定语从句中所充当的成分,关系代词可以分为关系代词that、关系代词
which、关系代词who、关系代词whom等。
其中,that可以代替关系代词who或which,在从句中充当主语或宾语;which可以代替关系代词that或who,在从句中充当主语或宾语;who可以代替关系代词that或which,在从句中充当主语或宾语;whom可以代替关系代词that或who,在从句中充当宾语。
5. 使用注意事项:使用定语从句时需要注意以下几点:
先行词必须是名词或代词,不能是句子;
关系代词在从句中充当的成分必须是名词性的,不能是形容词性的;
关系代词不能省略,除非先行词在从句中充当宾语且该宾语在从句中是可省略的。
通过以上讲解,可以看出董宇辉对于定语从句的讲解非常全面,既包括定义、结构,也包括关系代词的作用和种类等细节内容。
这对于学生和英语学习者来说是非常有帮助的,能够加深对定语从句的理解和应用。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常紧跟在先行词之后。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的词,而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等;关系副词有when。
where。
why 等。
关系词有三个作用:引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:The man who is XXX。
这句话中,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:XXX are from Class One。
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。
想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the XXX。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
例如:Mr。
Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。
XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
XXX正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。
She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。
高考英语定语从句讲解
高考英语定语从句讲解高考英语定语从句讲解一. 定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
高考英语定语从句讲解二. 引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
高考英语定语从句讲解三. 定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
高考英语定语从句讲解四. 关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句超详细讲解什么是定语从句定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。
定语从句通常由关系词引导,在句中充当修饰成分。
关系词的种类常见的关系词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。
关系词根据在从句中的作用,可分为主格关系词、宾格关系词和属格关系词。
- 主格关系词:who, which- 宾格关系词:whom, which- 属格关系词:whose, of which定语从句结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。
根据所修饰的名词在定语从句中的作用,可分为三种结构:1. 主语关系从句:关系词在从句中作主语,修饰前面的名词。
- 例:The book which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。
)2. 宾语关系从句:关系词在从句中作宾语,修饰前面的名词。
- 例:She has a brother whom I have never met.(她有个兄弟我从未见过。
)3. 定语关系从句:关系词在从句中作定语,修饰前面的名词。
- 例:I live in a house whose roof is red.(我住在一座房子里,它的屋顶是红色的。
)定语从句的使用注意事项- 关系词指代的是先行词,要保持一致性。
例如,主格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人;宾格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人或物;属格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是有所属关系的事物。
- 关系词在从句中可省略,但要根据上下文的需要决定是否省略。
定语从句的练题1. The girl _______ is my sister. (who/whom/which/that)2. The man _______ I talked to is the boss. (who/whom/which/that)3. She is the girl _______ mother works at the hospital.(who/whom/whose/which/that)4. The car _______ is parked outside is mine. (who/which/that)5. The book _______ you borrowed from the library is overdue. (whose/which/that)答案:1. who2. whom3. whose4. that5. which以上就是定语从句的超详细讲解。
高中英语定语从句的讲解
定语从句考点透析1. 定语从句顾名思义就是起修饰限定作用的句子, 故又称形容词性从句。
同其它从句相比较,其引导词本身在从句中充当一定的成分,这是学习定语从句的一个关键点, 例如:当that引导定语从句时,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词,宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。
2. 关系词:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why2.1关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
2.1.1 who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中做主语和宾语。
whom在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略, 并在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。
例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中做主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.2.1.2 whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。
例如:We all helped the student whose father is a teacher.Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green.2.1.3 which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等, 做宾语时常可省略。
例如:Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.The factory which / that makes computers is far away from here.This is the pen ( which/that ) he bought yesterday.The season that / which comes after spring is summer.2.2 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词在从句中作状语,表示时间、地点或理由。
英语“定语从句”知识点讲解解
英语“定语从句”知识点讲解解
Ⅰ. 定语从句概述
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
其中被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as以及关系副词where, when和why等。
关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词在定语从句中可作地点、时间、原因状语。
Ⅱ. 引导定语从句的关系代词
1. that的用法
由关系代词that引导的定语从句的先行词是人或物。
that在其后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语。
主要特点:
① that在定语从句中作主语时不可以省略,作宾语时可以省略;
②不引导非限制性定语从句;
③that前不加介词。
2. which的用法
由关系代词which引导的定语从句的先行词是物。
which在其后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语。
主要特点:① which在定语从句中作主语时不可以省略,作宾语时可以省略;引导非限制性定语从句时不能省略;②which既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句;③which的前面可以有介词;④which有时可以代表前面句子的全部或部分意思,意为“这使……,这一点……”。
此时,which引导的定语从句通常位于主句的后面。
3. who的用法
由关系代词who引导的定语从句的先行词是人。
who在其后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语。
高中定语从句完整讲解
定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词(Antecedent)。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出1.定义定语从句,就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子,起到定语的作用,所以叫做定语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。
关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。
2.从句结构:包括先行词,关系词和定语。
3.关系词(1)关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as(在定语中作主语,宾语,定语,表语)------在句中作成分,说明后面的句子不完整。
(2)关系副词:when,where,why,(在句中作状语)-----后面的句子完整。
一.由that,who,whom作关系代词引导的定语从句,先行词指人。
1.Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday(两者都修饰前面的comerade).2.This is the man(they say) is a good teacher.(这里who还做了后面they say 的宾语,有双重身份,所以不能用that.)3.This is the teacher I met in the street just now.(作宾语,所以可以省略)。
4.My cousin, is an engineer, went to America last week.(非限定性定语从句,不能用that引导。
)5.先行词是he, they, those, one, ones, anyone,只能用who,不能用that.Anyone breaks the law will be punished.One works hard and without complain is welcome here.6.关系代词指人的先行词(先行词指人)存在于there be 结构中用who。
【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句
【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句(一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。
结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1.thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.2.在日本,有人看到其他人在谈论他们时,会认为这意味着钱。
4.theparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsin theriversandcoastalwatersofasia.5.访客可以在他们可以看到的地方查看他们在自己的房间内看到的东西。
6.oprahwinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.(二)定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。
非限制性定语从句:补充和解释先行词。
它与先行词之间用逗号分隔。
1.beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.2.树木一棵接一棵地被水砍倒,水的深度必须达到米。
3.flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.4.他们的演讲包括节奏和押韵词,这些词经常引起听众的掌声。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。
(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。
(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法定语从句是英语中常见的一种从句。
它用来对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰和限定,使语言更加精确和具体。
本文将对高中英语中关于定语从句的用法进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一个以关系词引导的从句,修饰或限定前面的名词或代词,起到进一步解释、补充信息的作用。
关系词包括:who、whom、which、whose、that等。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词who指代人,whom在从句中做宾语,which指代物,可以指代整个主句或从句中的一个成分,that既可以指人也可以指物。
2. 关系副词where表示地点,when表示时间,why表示原因。
三、定语从句的位置1. 当修饰主句中的主语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句:The boy who is playing football is my brother.(正在踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。
)2. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句:I bought a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.(我买了一本J.K.罗琳写的书。
)3. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之前。
例句:I saw the girl whom I met yesterday.(我看到了昨天遇到的那个女孩。
)四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句用来对名词进行修饰和限定,如果去掉不影响主句的完整性。
被从句修饰的名词不能省略。
例句:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(昨天我买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 非限制性定语从句用来对名词进行陈述和补充说明,去掉会影响句子的意思和完整性。
被从句修饰的名词可以省略。
例句:Tom, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(汤姆是个医生,在一家医院工作。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。
(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。
(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
高中英语定语从句讲解
定语从句Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句;2) 必在定语从句中担当一个成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语);3)代替先行词。
常用的关系代词: that,which,who,whom,whose常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语) when、why、where 定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 关系代词:●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,在从句中作宾语时常可省略。
(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(不能用于非限制性定语从句; that前不能有介词) 如:1.What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 2. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,做宾语时可省略。
如:The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语)●who, whom, whose: who:在从句中作主语、宾语,只可指人。
whom:在从句中作宾语,只可指人。
whose:在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物。
1.All who heard the story were amazed. (先行词是any, those, all,one,ones时用who)2.He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.(宾语)3.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.(人)4.I'd like a room whose window faces south. (物)▲关系代词作介词宾语: 关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.(介词前置,必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。
高中英语-定语从句讲解
一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at,who,whom,whose,which;关系副词有when,where,why等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。
who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。
在现代英语里,有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。
作宾语的关系代词who,whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。
She was the one who did most of the talking。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to knowat a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
(作宾语,whom可用who 代替)whom在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom前面时,不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。
(句中的whom 不能用who 代替)whose可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。
高考英语定语从句详细解析
高考英语定语从句详细解析High School English: Detailed Analysis of Adjective ClausesAdjective clauses。
also known as relative clauses。
XXX。
acting as adjectivesXXX is to look for an antecedent before the clause。
The words that introduce adjective clauses are called relative pronouns。
which not only connect the clause to the rest of the sentence。
but also serve as a part of the clause。
These relative pronouns include:1) XXX for people: who。
whom。
whose。
that.XXX: which。
that。
whose.2) Relative adverbs: where。
when。
why.Note: Many of the words used to XXX are also used to introduce adjective clauses。
but their roles in the clause are different。
It is XXX particular。
"what" can only be used to introduce noun clauses。
XXX。
but sometimes they can be XXX:I was the only person in my office who was invited.e of relative pronouns: Relative pronouns can act as subjects。
高三定语从句知识点笔记
1.当定语从句中的主语与先行词相同时,可以将关系代词who/which/that省略。
-正:The boy who is playing basketball is my brother.
→ The boy playing basketball is my brother.
2.当定语从句中的关ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้代词在从句中作宾语时,可以将关系代词who/which/that省略。
以上就是关于高三定语从句的一些知识点的笔记,希望对你有所帮助。祝你考试顺利!
-正:The book which/that I am reading is very interesting.
→ The book I am reading is very interesting.
六、定语从句和定语从句修饰的名词之间的关系
1.先行词和定语从句的关系可以是主动关系、被动关系、所属关系等。
4. whose:
-可以用来修饰人或物,表示所属关系。
-一般用来引导定语从句,修饰名词。
三、定语从句的引导词选择
1.先行词是人时,使用who或that。
-正:The girl who is singing is my friend.
-正:The girl that is singing is my friend.
-错:The girl which is singing is my friend.
2.先行词是物时,使用which或that。
-正:The book which/that is on the table is mine.
-错:The book who/whom is on the table is mine.
高中定语从句讲解
高中定语从句讲解高中定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型,用于修饰和限定名词或代词。
它由一个关系词(如that, which, who, whom, whose, where等)引导,后面跟一个从句。
定语从句可以用来提供更多的信息,以便更准确地描述一个人或物的特征、性质、状态、身份、关系等。
下面是一些关于高中定语从句的讲解要点:1. 关系代词的选择:关系代词分为主格形式(who, which, that)和宾格形式(whom, which, that)。
- 当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,使用主格形式。
- 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,使用宾格形式。
需要注意的是,宾格形式的关系代词whom在口语中较少使用,通常可以用who代替。
2. 关系副词的选择:关系副词有where, when, why等。
它们引导的从句通常修饰地点、时间、原因等。
3. 定语从句的位置:定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,起到对其进行补充说明的作用。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
)4. 关系代词和关系副词的省略:当定语从句中的关系代词在从句中作宾语,并且在主句中已经有宾语时,可以将其省略。
例如:The man (whom) I saw yesterday is a famous actor.(昨天我看到的那个人是一位著名的演员。
)5. 定语从句的否定形式:定语从句中的否定形式通常使用not引起的否定词组。
例如:I don't know the reason why he didn't come.(我不知道他没来的原因。
)6. 先行词的指代问题:定语从句中的关系词所指代的先行词通常是前面提到过的名词或代词。
需要注意的是,当先行词是不定代词时,如something, someone, anyone等,关系词通常用that代替。
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2. 定语从句与状语从句。 试比较: ① He left the key where he had been an hour before. (where引导地点状语从句,相当于in the place where) ② He left the place where he lived for many years. (where 引导定语从句,修饰the place) ③ He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句) ④ He is such a good teacher that we all like him. (that引导结果状语从句,such…that… “如此…以致…”)
五. 易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句
1.定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“…的”。 而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句 同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词, 如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中 作成分,可用which 或who/whom代替;而that在同位 语从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用。试比较: ① We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句,that从句表示news的内容,that 在从句 中不作任何成分) ② We don’t believe the news that/which he told us yesterday. (定语从句,that 作told 的宾语)
3.定语从句与主语从句。 试比较: ① As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (as 引导定语从句,指代整个主句内容,可置于句首) ② It is known to us all that paper was first made in China. (it 做形式主语,代替that 引导的主语从句) 4.定语从句与强调结构。试比较: ① It is the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句,修饰house,where在定语 从句中作地点状语) ② It was in the house that I met the young man. (本句为强调结构,可还原为 I met the young man in the house.)
பைடு நூலகம்
二. 在下列情况下只用that,不用which ① 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时 There is nothing ( that ) I can do. I mean the one that was brought yesterday. ② 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any of these books that you like. ③ 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the first composition (that)he has written in English. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.
3). as 替代一句话即可放句首也可放句末, 而which只能放句末。 The man died last night, which is a lie.
四.定语从句中的主谓一致
定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 例如: 1. Here are such sentences as are often used by the students. ( as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。 2. I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am.)。 3. He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。 4. He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. ( who 指the only one) 他是唯一被表扬的学生。
注意1. 含介词的引导词,其介词可放在引导词whom, which前或在从句原来的位置上。介词不提前, 其在从句中作宾语的引导词who, whom, that, which可省。 但含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开,如 look after, be made of, take part in, look forward to等。 例:The babies (who/whom) the nurses look after look strong and happy. 2. where = at/in/to… + which when = at/in/on/during + which why = for which 例:This is the school where/at which I used to teach. They stood at the window, from where they could see what was happening in the street. whose book = the book of which = of which the book
一. 介词加关系代词
1.[1983] The doctor _____ is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talking to him B.whom the nurse is talking C. the nurs is talking to D. Who the nurse is talking 2. [1985] He didn’t know which room _____. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 3. [1992] In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. That B. who C. from whom D. to whom
3. 在非限制性定语从句中的as, which
1). the same…as, such…as, so…as, as…as 等 结构中,只用as This is not such a book as I expected. I live in the same building as he (lives in). Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. As many children as came here were my father’s pupils. 2). as 的这种用法通常出现在一些固定短语之中如: 1.as has been said before 如上所述 2.as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样 3.as is well known 众所周知 4.as was expected 正如预料的那样 5.as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样 6.as we all can see 正如我们都会看到的那样
④先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时 The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I want to find. The last place( that) we visited was the hospital. This is the same watch that I lost yesterday. ⑤ 当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语 从句用that 引导 (that既可指人也可指物) He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时,或先行在主句中作表语 What great changes! It is not the city (that) it was ten years ago. that 不能引导非限制性定语从句 that不能置于介词之后(介词后指物用 which,指人用whom)
6. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had____ the patient who received a serious wound. A. treat B. to treat C treating D treated 注:have trouble (difficult) doing sth 7. This is the last time ____ I shall give you a lesson. A. when B that C which D in which 分析:答案是B。这里的time不指时间,而是次数。 且先行词time 被the last 所修饰,所以用that引导。 8. I don’t like the way _____ you laugh at her. A . that B on which C which D as 9. ____ have plenty of money will help their friend. A. Those who B. He who C. That who D. You who 10. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the farm ____ you visited last week. A. when, where B. which, which C. when , which D. which , where