Literature and English literature文学和英国文学介绍
英国文学与美国文学学习笔记摘抄
英国文学与美国文学学习笔记摘抄I.Literature文学i)English Literature英国文学I .Old and Medieval English literature(450-1066)&(1066-15世纪后期）上古及中世纪英国文学Background：英伦三岛自古以来遭遇过3次外族入侵，分别为古罗马人、盎格鲁-萨克逊人&诺曼底人。
其中后两次在英国文学史上留下了深远影响。
中世纪时期(约1066-15世纪后期）即从诺曼底征服起到文艺复兴前夕，为英国封建社会时期的文学，盛行文学形式为民间抒情诗(the folk ballad)和骑士抒情诗(the romance)。
I）The Anglo-Saxon Period(450-1066)盎格鲁撒克逊文明兴盛时期（上古时期）文学表现形式主要为诗歌散文。
i代表人物和主要作品：第一部民族史诗(the national epic)《贝奥武甫》Beowulf,体现盎格鲁撒克逊人对英雄君主的拥戴和赞美，歌颂了人类战胜以妖怪为代表的神秘自然力量的伟大功绩。
"Down off the moorlands' misting fells cameGrendel stalking;God's brand was on him.大踏步地走下沼泽地，上帝在每个人身上都打下了烙印。
"II)The Norman Period(1066-1350)诺曼时期In the early 11th century all England was conquered by the Danes for 23 years. Then the Danes were expelled, but in 1066 the Normans came from Normandy in northern France to attack England under the leadship of the Duck of Normandy who claimed the English throne. For the last Saxon king, Harold ,had promised that he would give his kingdom to William, Duck of Normandy, as an expression of his gratitude for protecting his kingdom during the invasion by the Danes. This is known as the Norman Conquest.诺曼征服Middle English中世纪英语III)The Age of chaucer(1350-1400)乔叟时期The Hundred Years' War英法百年战争Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟-中世纪最伟大诗人、英国民族文学奠基者。
英美文学作家及作品
PART ONE: ENGLISH LITERATURE 英国文学An Introduction to Old and Medieval English LiteratureChapter 1 The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期I. Edmund Spenser 埃蒙德.斯宾塞牧人日记《The Shepheardes Calender》仙后《The Faerie Queene》婚曲《Epithalamion》II. Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托夫.马洛帖木儿-----Tamburlaine浮士德博士的悲剧----Dr. Faustus爱德华二世----Edward II激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘---- The Passionate Shepherd to His LoveIII. William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚哈姆莱特---Hamlet奥塞罗---Othello李尔王—King Lear麦克白--Macbeth终成眷属---All’s Well That Ends Well仲夏夜之梦—A Midsummer Night’s Dream威尼斯商人---The Merchant of Venice无事生非---Much Ado about Nothing皆大欢喜---As You Like It罗密欧和朱丽叶---Romeo and JulietIV. Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯.培根培根散文集---Essays学术的进展---The Advancement of Learning新工具----Novum Organum法律原理---Maxims of Law—论学习---Of StudiesV. John Donne 约翰.邓恩挽歌与讽刺----The Elegies and Satires歌与十四行诗---The Songs and Sonnets告别爱情----Farewell to Love圣十四行诗---Holly Sonnets圣父赞美诗----A Hymn to God the Father日出---The Sun Rising死亡，你别骄傲---Death, Be Not ProudVI. John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿失乐园---Paradise Lost复乐园---Paradise Regained力士参孙----Samson AgonistesChapter 2 The Neoclassical Period 新古典主义时期I. John Bunyan 约翰.班扬天路历程---The Pilgrim’s Progress罪人头目的赦免---Grace Abounding to the Chiel of Sinners拜得门先生生死录—The Life and Death of Mr. Badman圣战----The Holy WarII. Alexander Pope 亚历山大.蒲伯论批评---An Essay on Criticism夺发记---The Rape of the Lock群愚史诗---The Dunciad人伦---An Essay on Man译有荷马史诗《伊利亚特》、《奥德塞》III. Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛福鲁滨逊漂流记----Robinson Crusoe辛利顿船长----Captain Singleton莫尔.弗朗德斯-----Moll Flanders杰克上校----Colonel Jack— <成为异教徒的捷径>---The Shortest Way with the Dissenters(1702) 让他身陷囹圄《地地道道的英国人》-The True-Born Englishman使他成为英王的好朋友。
英国文学
English Literature 英国文学主要分类一、The Old English Literature中古英国文学二、The Renaissance Period文艺复兴时期文学（伊丽莎白时代，14-16世纪）三、The 17 century English Literature17世纪英国文学四、The18 century English Literature18世纪英国文学（启蒙时期）五、Literature of Romantic Age浪漫主义时期文学六、Literature in Victoria Period维多利亚时期文学七、Literature in Modern Period现在时期英国文学The main content to know•Background knowledge (from history,culture atmosphere) •Important Literary Terms•Important Writers and Literary WorksThe Old English Literature（一）General Introduction（总体介绍）The Old English literature（which lasted from 499 to 1066）isexclusively a verse（诗篇）literature in oral form.There were two groups of English poetry in this period-the first was the pagan（异教的）poetry represented by Beowulf，the second was the religious poetry represented by the works of Caedmon and Cynewulf.In the 8th century,Anglo-Saxon prose appeared.The most famous prose writers of that period were Venerable bede and Alfred the Great.After the Norman Conques,three languages existed in England,which were French spoken by the Normans,English spoken by the lower class and Latin spoken by the scholars and clergymen. The prevailing from of literature in the feudal England was the Romance.The Romance prospered for 300 years(1200-1500)from which we see an epitome（缩影）of the Middle Ages.In the 15th century,English ballads became very popular and the only important writer was Thomas Malory.（二）Important Literary TermsOld English（古英语）：language spoken by the Anglo-Saxons is called the Old English,which is the foundation of English language and literature.Romance(中世纪的传奇故事）：The Romance was the prevailing form of literature in the Middle Ages.It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero.（三）Important Writers and Literary Works1.Beowulf(《贝奥武甫》）Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language and the most important spe-cimen of Anglo-Saxon literture.The main stories are based on the folk legends of the primitive northern tribes.2.Religious Poets(宗教诗人）Caedmon(卡德蒙，610-680)Caedmon is the first known religious poet of England.He is known as the father of English song, Caedmon’s Hymn (《卡德蒙的赞美诗》）is a praise poem in honor of god.Cynewulf(基涅武甫，公元九世纪）Cynewulf lived in the 9th century. He produced four poems, of which The Christ(《基督》）is the most characteristic. Throughout the poem, a deep love for Christ and reverence for Virgin Mary(圣母利亚）are expressed.3.Prose Writers（散文作家）Venerable Bede(可敬的比德，672-735)Bede,also referred to as Saint Bede(圣比德）or the Venerable Bede,is well known as an author and scholar,and his most famous work, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, or An Ecclesiastica History of the English People(《英吉利人教会史》）,gained him the title “The Father of English History”(英国史学之父）Alfred the Great(阿尔弗雷德大帝，849-899）Alfred is the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet “the Great”(唯一一个被授予“大帝”名号额英格兰国王）.He was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself “King of the Anglo-saxons”(将自己命名为“盎格鲁-撒克逊之王”的西撒克逊国王）.The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle(《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》）is a collection of annals(年鉴）in Old English chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons. original manusript of the Chronicle was created late in the 9th century, probably in Wessex,duing the reign of Alfred the Great.4.The Romance(传奇）Sir Gawain and the Green Knight（《高文爵士与绿衣骑士》）It is a romance of 2,530 lines derived from Celtic legend(凯尔特骑士）.Sir Cawain, nephew of King Arthur, accepted the challenge of the Green Knight in the Green Chapel（绿教堂）. At last, he got a girdle （腰带）as a gift from the Knight and his story became widely known.5.Age of Chaucer(乔叟时代）The 14th century is called “Age of Chaucer”.Chaucer and Langland(朗格兰，1332-1400，英国诗人），were the most important writers of age.Ceoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里·乔叟，1343-1400）Chaucer is acclaimed not only as “the father of English poetry”（英国诗歌之父），but also as “the father of English fiction (英国小说之父）.His masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》），is one of the most famous works in all literatures.Chaucer wrote in vivid and exact language; his poetry is full vigor and swiftness.Book of the Duchess 《公爵夫人之书》The House of Fame《声誉之宫》The Parliament of Fowls 《百鸟会议》The Legend of Good Women 《贤妇传说》Troilus and Criseyde 《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》6. The 15th Century Ballads(民歌，歌谣）Thomas Malory(托马斯·马洛礼，1405-1471）Tomas Malory wrote an important work called Le Morte d’Arthur（《亚瑟王之死》）.The central concern is with the adventures of Arthur and his famous Knights of the Round Table（圆桌骑士）.The book is very important in English literature.Its Arthurian materials have a strong influence on literature of later centuries.The Renaissance Period伊丽莎白时代，14—16世纪一）General Introduction（总体介绍）The Renaissance（文艺复兴）was a European phenomenon, which originated in Italy. The English Renaissance encouraged the reformation of the Church.In Elizabethan（伊丽莎白）period, English literature developed with great speed. The most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is drama. Next to drama is the lyrical poetry（抒情诗）,remarkable for its variety and freshness and romantic feeling.In that period, writing peotry became a fashion and England became “a nest of singing birds”. In tha same period, Francis Bacon wrote more than fifty excellent essays, which make him one of the best essayists（散文家）in English literature.（二）Important Literary Terms1）Renaissance：In the Renaissance Period, scholars began to emphasize the capacities of human mind and the achievements of human culture. So humanism（人文主义）became the keynote of English Renaissance. English Renaissance is divied into three periods:①the 1st period from 1516 to 1578 is called the beginning of the Renaissance.②The 2nd period from1578 to 1625 is known as the flowering period.③The 3rd period from 1625 to 1660 is the epilogue（尾声）of the Renaissance.2) Spenserian Stanza（斯宾塞诗体）Spenser invented a new verse form. Each stanza has nine lines, each of the first eight lines is in iambic pentameter and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter line.（每个诗节由九行组成，前八行为五步抑扬格，第九行为六步抑扬格。
英国文学
英国文学主要分为六个时期一Old and Medieval English Literature（中古英国文学）。
Old English: 450-1066头韵体诗歌（alliteration）<Beowulf>《贝奥武甫》the national epic of the Anglo-SaxonsMedieval English：1066-14世纪中期1、Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟：英国诗歌之父t he father of English poetry<The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集首创英雄双韵体first time to use 'heroic couplet'2、William Langland 威廉·兰格伦：< Piers the Plowman>《农夫皮尔斯》二The Renaissance Period（文艺复兴时期（伊丽莎白时代）14-16世纪，始于意大利，核心是人文主义Humanism）Most famous dramatists: Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, Ben Jonson1、Thomas More-Utopia 托马斯.莫尔《乌托邦》2、Edmund Spenser: 埃德蒙·斯宾塞被人称为the poets' poet “诗人中的诗人”代表作《仙后》（The Farie Queene）被誉为英国文艺复兴时期―最杰出的史诗‖。
他的诗歌包含了民族主义（nationalism）、人文主义（humanism）和清教徒主义（puritanism）等思想。
Spenserian stanza斯宾塞诗节：在其代表作《仙后》(The Faerie Queene)中首先使用这种诗体，遂以他的名字命名作品：<The Shepherdes Calender>牧羊人日历<The Faerie Queene>仙后3、Christopher Marlowe克里斯托夫·马洛– representative of ―University Wits‖, the pioneer of English drama英国戏剧先驱马洛是“大学才子派”―University Wits‖中最杰出的剧作家在英国文学中，素体诗blank verse是在马洛手里成为英诗中最富有表现力和最雄伟的格律形式的。
英语专八人文知识考试总结
英语专八人文知识考试总结1 专八考试人文知识考试内容总结其中英美文学包括英国文学和美国文学。
英国文学主要分为六个时期：1. Old and Medieval English Literature（中古英国文学）。
2. The Renaissance Period（文艺复兴时期）。
3. The Neoclassical Period（新古典主义时期）。
4. The Romantic Period（维多利亚时期）。
5. The Victorian Period（维多利亚时期）。
6. The Modern Period（现代时期）。
美国文学主要分为四个时期：1. The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence（独立革命前后的文学）。
2. American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义文学）。
3. American Realism（美国现实主义文学）。
4. American Modernism（美国现代主义文学）。
语言学，考生不光要知道语言的本质还要掌握语音学，音位学，形态学，句法学，语义学和语言学的知识。
关于英语国家概况，英语专业的学生都会开设英美概况这门课程，但是专八考试的中需要考生了解的是英语国家概况，不光包括英国和美国，还有其他一些说英语的地区，包括爱尔兰概况，加拿大概况，澳大利亚概况和新西兰概况。
3专八人文知识:英国地理概况the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea.英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。
the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters.迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。
English literature III文艺复兴英国文学
The English Bible
❖ Ampart from its religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a great influence on English language and literature. About 93 percent of the 6,000 words used in it are the main words of native English. So with the widespread influence of the English Bible, the standard modern English had been fixed aqnd confirmed. A great number of Bible coinages and phrases have passed into daily English speech as householde words and are often used with no knowledge of their origin. So English Bible has woven its phrases and expressions into the texture of the English language, English literature and English life.
the Reformation
❖ She was shrewd and tactful to a fault. She made friends with the opposing sides of the religious conflict—Catholic Spain and Protestant France, and at home she set about uniting the divided country. She made the Church of England steer strictly the middle of the road, learning toward neither the Catholics nor the Protestants, and effectively practiced religious tolerance to the relife of the people. She encouraged learning and adventures and was a great patron of literature. As a result she was able to secure a 30-year period of peace for the country so that England slowly but steadily crawled to the zenith of wealth and power during her reign. When Francis Drake defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588, England became the first sea power in the world. This was the point at which the expansion of the British Empire began.
英美文学中英文对照（Chines...
英美文学中英文对照（Chinese and English literature in Englishand American）英国作家与作品盎格鲁撒克逊时期亚当比德比得673 ~ 735英国人的英吉利人教会史教会史伟大的艾尔弗雷德阿尔弗雷得大帝849 ~ 899盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史盎格鲁-萨克逊编年史中世纪晚期威廉威廉兰格伦1332 ~ 1400农夫农夫比埃斯的梦墩杰佛利乔叟杰弗里乔叟1340（？）~ 1400公爵夫人的悼公爵夫人书特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德坎特伯雷的故事坎特伯雷故事集名人的房子声誉之宫托马斯爵士马洛托马斯马洛里爵士1405 ~ 1471 亚瑟之死亚瑟王之死文艺复兴菲利普先生，悉尼菲利普锡德尼爵士1554 ~ 1586 滥用诲淫的学校学校诗歌诗辩防御埃德蒙斯宾塞埃德蒙斯宾塞1552 ~ 1599牧羊人的日历牧人日历小爱神爱情小唱婚后曲颂歌柯林回家了柯林呢克劳特回来了四hymnes四首赞美歌仙后仙后托马斯更托马斯莫尔1478 ~ 1535乌托邦乌托邦弗兰西斯培根弗兰西斯培根1561 ~ 1626学习学术的推进进步新工具新工具文章随笔克里斯托弗马洛柯里斯托弗马洛1564 ~ 1595 帖木儿帖木耳大帝马耳他马耳他的犹太人犹太人浮士德博士的悲剧历史浮士德博士的悲剧威廉莎士比亚威廉莎士比亚1564 ~ 1616 Romeo和朱丽叶罗密欧与朱利叶威尼斯威尼斯商人商人亨利四世亨利四世尤利乌斯凯撒尤利乌斯凯撒只要你喜欢皆大欢喜哈姆雷特哈姆莱特奥瑟罗奥赛罗李尔王李尔王麦克白麦克白Antony和克利奥帕特拉安东尼与克里奥佩特拉暴风雨暴风雨诗歌：维纳斯和阿多尼斯；强奸Lucrece（金星和卢克莱修）；热情的朝圣者，十四行诗十七世纪密尔顿约翰弥尔顿1608 ~ 1674l'allegre欢乐的人白细胞介素笔eroso沉思的人该柯玛斯利西达斯利西达斯教育论教育自由论出版自由英国人的为英国人民声辩辩护英国人的再为英国人民声辩二防御失乐园失乐园复乐园乐园参孙力士参孙约翰班扬约翰班扬1628 ~ 1688丰盛的恩典的罪人功德无量首席天路历程天路历程对罪犯败德先生传生死的圣战圣战德莱顿约翰德莱顿1631 ~ 1700一切为了爱一切为了爱情押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔Hind和黑豹牝鹿与豹奇迹年神奇的年代亚力山大的盛宴亚历山大的宴会戏剧诗歌论戏剧诗随笔十八世纪亚力山大教皇亚历山大蒲柏1688 ~ 1744 在批评论散文批评道德论道德论上一篇文章的人人论岩石的卷发遇劫记强奸愚人记Dunciad塞缪尔·强森塞缪尔约翰逊1709 ~ 1784 英语语言英语辞典字典人类的愿望人类欲望之虚幻虚荣伦敦伦敦大诗人诗人传生活乔纳森迅速乔纳森斯威夫特1667 ~ 1745 书书战战斗一个浴缸木桶的故事故事的德拉珀的信一个麻布商的书信一个小小的建议一个小小的建议格列佛游记格列佛游记丹尼尔笛福丹尼尔笛福1660 ~ 1731审查（期刊由笛福创办）评论报鲁滨孙漂流记鲁宾逊漂流记亨利·菲尔丁亨利菲尔丁1707 ~ 1754Joseph Andrews的约瑟夫冒险史吗？安德鲁Jonathan Wild先生的一生，伟大的大诗人江奈生？威尔德阿米莉亚爱米利亚汤姆琼斯的历史，一个弃儿汤姆琼斯1736一七三六年历史记事历史登记Don Quixote在英国堂吉柯德在英国塞缪尔理查德森塞缪尔理查逊1689 ~ 1761帕梅拉（凭借奖励）帕米拉奥利弗史密斯奥利弗格尔德斯密斯1730 ~ 1774旅行者旅游人废弃的村庄荒村威克菲尔德牧师传威克菲尔德牧师好脾气的人好心人她弯下腰去征服屈身求爱全世界的公民世界公民托马斯灰色托马斯格雷1716 ~ 1771写在教堂墓地墓园挽诗挽歌颂爱猫爱猫之死死亡诗人游吟诗人李察比谢里丹理查德布林斯利施莱登1751 ~ 1816 竞争对手情敌该丑闻造谣学校学校圣帕特里克节（策划圣中尉）派特立克节伴娘女佣评论家批评家浪漫主义时代罗伯特伯恩斯罗伯特彭斯1759 ~ 1796主要是在苏格兰方言主要用苏格兰方言写的诗诗John Anderson，我的爱人约翰？安德生，我的爱人红色，红色的玫瑰一朵红红的玫瑰”友谊地久天长”的往昔时光一个男人的男人a'that不管那一套我心在高地我的心在那高原上威廉布莱克威廉布莱克1757 ~ 1827天真天真之歌歌曲经验经验之歌歌曲美国亚美利加欧洲欧罗巴密尔顿弥尔顿耶路撒冷耶路撒冷天堂和地狱天堂与地狱的婚姻婚姻威廉华兹华斯威廉华兹华斯1770 ~ 1850我们是七我们是七个孤独的收割者孤独的割麦女从早期的童年回忆不朽颂不朽的仿制品序曲的前奏抒情歌谣抒情歌谣集塞缪尔泰勒柯勒律治塞缪尔泰勒科尔律治1772 ~ 1834 古代水手的古舟子颂雾凇克丽丝特布尔柯里斯塔贝尔Kubla Khan忽必烈汗晚上半夜冰霜霜忧郁颂忧郁颂文学传记文学传记乔治戈登拜伦乔治戈登拜伦1788 ~ 1824Childe Harold的朝圣恰尔德？哈罗德尔游记曼弗雷德曼弗雷德该隐该隐不唐胡安璜当我们分开的时候当初我们俩分别波西比希雪莱波西比希雪莱1792 ~ 1822 麦布女王麦步女王伊斯兰教伊斯兰的反叛反抗钦契钦契一家无政府主义的面具，希腊专制者的假面游行解放了的普罗米修斯解放了的普罗米修斯西风颂西风颂云雀致云雀济慈约翰济慈1795 ~ 1821在希腊古瓮希腊古瓮颂夜莺颂夜莺颂秋颂秋颂心灵普塞克颂在Chapman的第一初读查普曼翻译的荷马史诗有感寻找荷马沃尔特史葛沃尔特斯科特爵士1771 ~ 1832湖的湖上夫人女士韦弗利威弗利人盖曼纳令曼纳林罗布罗伊罗伯罗伊艾文霍艾凡赫Kenilworth肯纳尔沃斯堡昆廷杜沃昆廷达沃德圣罗南的威尔斯圣罗南之泉简奥斯丁简奥斯丁1775 ~ 1817理智与情感理智与情感傲慢与偏见傲慢与偏见曼斯菲尔德公园曼斯菲尔德庄园艾玛爱玛诺桑觉寺诺桑觉寺说服劝导查尔斯查尔斯羔羊兰姆1775 ~ 1834从莎士比亚莎士比亚戏剧故事集故事约翰伍德威尔约翰伍德维尔维多利亚时期英文查尔斯狄更斯查尔斯狄更斯1812 ~ 1870 波兹特写BOZ素描“匹克威克俱乐部匹克威克外传遗书奥利弗扭奥利弗特维斯特（雾都孤儿）老古玩店老古玩店拉奇巴纳比拉奇美国债券美国杂记马丁·霍述伟马丁朱淑尔维特圣诞颂歌圣诞颂歌风铃教堂钟声在炉边灶上蟋蟀蟋蟀Dombey和儿子董贝父子大卫·科波菲尔大卫科波菲尔荒凉山庄荒凉山庄困难时期艰难时世小杜丽小杜丽两个城市双城记故事很大的期望远大前程我们共同的朋友我们共同的朋友埃德温drood艾德温？朱特威廉皮斯萨克雷威廉麦克匹斯萨克雷1811 ~ 1863 名利场名利场潘登尼斯潘登尼斯新来的纽克姆一家亨利埃斯蒙德亨利史吗埃斯蒙德勃朗特夏洛蒂勃朗特1816 ~ 1855教师教授简爱简爱雪莉雪莉维莱特维莱特艾米丽勃朗特艾米莉勃朗特1818 ~ 1854 呼啸山庄呼啸山庄george eliot乔治? 艾略特1819 ~ 1880 adam bede亚当? 比德the mill on the floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊 silas marner织工马南romola罗慕拉holt菲利克斯 felix? 霍尔特middlemarch米德尔马契daniel deronda丹尼尔? 德龙拉thomas hardy托马斯? 哈代1840 ~ 1928a pair of blue eyes一双蓝眼睛the trumpet major号兵长the remedies非常手段the hand of ethelberta艾塞尔伯塔的婚姻under the greenwood tree绿荫下far from the madding crowd远离尘嚣the mayor of casterbridge卡斯特桥市长tess of the d 'urbervilles德伯家的苔丝jude the obscure无名的裘德alfred tennyson阿尔弗莱德? 丁尼生1809 ~ 1892 in memoriam悼念break, break, break冲击、冲击、冲击idylls of the king国王叙事诗robert browning罗伯特? 白朗宁1812 ~ 1889dramatic lyrics戏剧抒情诗dramatic romances and lyrics戏剧故事及抒情诗men, men, men, and women男男女女dramatic personae登场人物the ring and the book环与书elizabeth barrett browning伊丽莎白? 芭蕾特? 白朗宁1806 ~ 1861from the portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗 sonnetsthe cry of the children孩子们的哭声john ruskin约翰? 罗斯金1819 ~ 1900modern painters现代画家the seven lamps of architecture建筑的七盏明灯the stone of venice威尼斯石头oscar wilde奥斯卡? 王尔德1856 ~ 1900the happy prince and other tales快乐王子故事集the picture of dorian gray多利安? 格雷的画像lady windermere's fan温德米尔夫人的扇子a woman of no importance一个无足轻重的女人an ideal husband理想的丈夫the importance of being earnest认真的重要1900 - 1950william butler yeats威廉? 勃特勒? 叶茨1865 ~ 1939 the responsibilities责任the wild swans at coole库尔的野天鹅the tower钟楼the winding stair弯弯的楼梯john galsworthy约翰? 高尔斯华绥1867 ~ 1933forsyte saga福尔塞世家the man of property有产业的人in chancery进退维谷to let招租出让the end of the chapter一章的结束james joyce詹姆斯? 乔伊斯1882 ~ 1941the portrait of the young artis as the man一个青年艺术家的肖像ulysses尤利西斯finnegans wake芬尼根的苏醒dubliners都柏林人virginia woolf弗吉尼娅? 沃尔芙1882 ~ 1941mrs. dalloway达洛维夫人to the lighthouse到灯塔去the waves浪david herbert lawrence戴维? 赫伯特? 劳伦斯1885 ~ 1930sons and lovers儿子与情人the rainbow虹women in love恋爱中的女人lady chatterley 's lover查特莱夫人的情人george bernard shaw乔治? 伯纳? 萧1856 ~ 1950mrs warren's profession华伦夫人的职业 man and superman人与超人major barbara巴巴拉少校pygmalion匹格玛利翁房子伤心之家心碎苹果车苹果车圣女贞德圣女贞德美国作家与作品殖民时代乔纳森爱德华兹乔纳森爱德华兹1703 ~ 1758 的自由将意志的自由原罪的伟大主义辩护原罪说辩本杰明富兰克林本杰明富兰克林1706 ~ 1790 可怜的李察的年历格言历书自传自传浪漫主义时期华盛顿欧文华盛顿欧文纽约的历史从世界开始到荷兰王朝纽约外史结束Geoffrey Crayon，速写本见闻札记绅士。
英国文学史概括
英国文学史概括英国文学史概括第一个时期： Old English， Middle English and Chaucer，古英国，中世纪和乔叟，这个时期的文学作品主要以诗歌为主，需要关注的是乔叟和他的《坎特伯雷故事集》。
第二个时期：文艺复兴时期，这个时期的文学作品以戏剧为主，需要关注的是莎士比亚和他的悲剧，喜剧以及历史剧。
第三个时期：浪漫主义时期，这个时期的文学作品以散文诗为主，雪莱，济慈和威廉布雷克等人都是这个时期的代表诗人。
他们的作品包括夜莺颂等。
第四个时期：维多利亚时期，这个时期是散文诗渐渐退出，小说逐渐兴起的时期，该时期的诗人著名的有罗伯特布朗宁，阿尔弗莱德等。
但更为著名的是狄更斯和勃朗特姐妹的小说，代表作有《雾都孤儿》和《呼啸山庄》等第五个时期：现代主义时期，这个时期的文学作品主要是小说，各个流派粉墨登场，有现实主义的，有荒诞派的，还有意识流。
爱尔兰的文学家叶芝，乔伊斯都是这个时代的代表人物。
乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》是意识流的代表之作。
同属意识流的还有女作家弗吉尼亚伍尔芙，代表作《到灯塔去》。
第六个时期：当代：主要指20世纪80年代之后到现在的这个时期，该时期的文学作品很难入到评论家的法眼，主要特征是内容多为快餐文化，不能称为经典。
但这个时期的电影艺术发展非常迅速，有很多电影剧本都堪称佳作，不难看出，文学史的车轮经过诗歌——戏剧——小说的变迁后，下一站很有可能是电影。
以上纯属原创，转载请标明出处，谢谢英国文学史目录！PrefaceThe Anglo-Saxon Period 449-1066IntroductionThe Venerable Bede and Caedmon King Alfred the GreatBeowulfThe Exeter BookThe Medieval Period 1066 -1485 IntroductionMedieval RomanceFolk BalladsJohn Wycliffe and William Langland Drama in the Middle AgesGeoffrey ChaucerThe Elizabethan Age 1485-1625 IntroductionThomas MoreSir Philip SidneyEdmund SpenserChrisher Marlowe and Sir Walter Raleigh Minor PlaywrightsWilliam ShakespeareFrancis BaconKing James BibleThe Seventeenth Century 1625-1700 IntrodutionBen Jonson and the Cavalier Poets John Donne and the Metaphysical Poets John MiltonJohn BunyanJohn DrydenThe Age of Neo-Classici *** 1700-1764 IntroductionAlexander PopeJonathan SwiftRichard Steele and Joseph AddisonSamuel Johnson and James BoswellThe Novel of the Eighteenth CenturyDaniel DefoeSamuel RichardsonHenry FieldingTobias SmollettLaurence SterneOliver Gold *** ithPre-Romantic Period 1764-1798IntroductionHorace WalpoleAnn RadcliffeThomas GrayRobert BurnsWilliam BlakeThe Romantic Age 1798-1837IntroductionWilliam WordsworthSamuel Taylor Coleridge……The Victorian Age 1837-1901The Modernist Age 1901-1945The Postmodern Period 1945-Present BibliographyIndex……关于英国文学史刘柄善的那本《英国文学史》上说，维多利亚时期是英国现实主义小说的巅峰时期，代表人物就是狄更斯，而当时英国之所以掀起现实主义风潮，则是因为此前的18世纪到19世纪初期，浪漫主义风靡英国，雪莱，济慈等人的诗歌风花雪月，让人一时忘却了现实，但随着浪漫褪去，人们又重归现实，于是狄更斯等人的现实主义作品，如《雾都孤儿》，《大卫科波菲尔》等书得以广为流传。
Literature and English literature(文学和英国文学介绍)
儿大帝
Ben Johnson: Volphone 狐狸
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
Works:
154 sonnets, 37 plays, 2 long poems
Comedy: A Midsummer Night’s Dream,
C. Novel:
Jane Austen: Sense and Sensibility,
Pride and Prejudice, Emma.
Walter Scott: Ivanhoe
Features of the Victorian Literature:
Realism
A. Novel:
Charles Dickens: Oliver Twist, David
– Fiction小说
Myths, parables, romances, novels, short stories
– Poetry
Open form and closed form
Relies on imagery, figurative language, sound
– Drama戏剧
Made up of dialogue and set direction
conveying writer’s feelings, attitudes
and tone between the lines; it is
ambiguous(多歧义的）, the
interpretation varies with context and
reader.
英国文学发展史及每个阶段的特点 中英对照
英国文学发展史及每个阶段的特点British history of literature and the characteristics of each stage毋庸置疑，英国小说是世界艺术之林中的一大景观。
它如同促使其滋生与进化的社会土壤一样，在历史的洪流中不断改弦易辙，急剧演变。
自文艺复兴时期以来，英国小说已经发展成为一种充满活力和魅力的艺术工具，对社会生活和历史变迁进行了生动的描述。
像英语一样，自它形成的那一天起，英国小说便建立了自己的规则和体系，虽东学一点，西借一点，却以坚定的步伐向前发展。
引人注目的是，尽管英国小说起步较晚，其历史比诗歌和戏剧短得多，但它却发展迅猛，变化巨大，流传甚广，其影响和作用早已大大地超过了诗歌和戏剧。
究其原因，英国小说不仅具有内容丰富、情节曲折和人物形象生动等特征，而且还因其篇幅灵活、形式多样，语言通俗和艺术精湛而备受广大读者的青睐。
经过无数作家的认真探索和反复实践，当代英国小说在艺术形式和创作技巧上与它早期的雏形已不可同日而语。
如果说，英国小说的崛起完全符合文学发展的客观规律；那么，其小说艺术的发展既是社会进化的一个显著标志，也是文学现代化的必然结果。
Undoubtedly, the English novel is a great landscape in the world art tries. It as urging its growth and evolution of social soil, as in history stream of continuous converted, sharp evolution. Since the Renaissance, England has novel has developed into a dynamic and charm of the art tools, to the social life and historical changes the vivid description. Like English is same, since it formed the day, the English novel, he set up his own rules and system, although east, west borrowed learn a little bit, but with the firm steps forward development. Remarkably, although English novels startting evening, its history than poems and plays a much shorter, but it is developing rapidly, dramatic change, widespread, its influence and effect already greatly exceeds poetry and drama. Investigate its reason, English novels not only has the rich content and plots and characters vivid characteristics such as length, but also because of its flexible and diverse forms, colloquial English and art consummate and has extensive readers' favor. After countless writer's earnest exploration and repeated practice, contemporary English novels in artistic form and creative skills on early embryo of with it already is obvious. If, say, the rise of the English novel completely accord with the objective law of the development of literature, So, its novel artistic development is both social evolution a distinctive sign, but also the inevitable result of the modern literature.应当指出，英国小说艺术，像其他艺术形式一样，不可避免地经历了一个从原始到成熟的发展过程。
英国文学知识简单整理
一．古英语时期（Old English Literature 公元499—1066年）英国文学开山之作：头韵体诗歌（alliteration）《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）(该作属于epic民族英雄史诗)开德蒙（Caedmon）：《赞美诗》（Anthem）琴涅武甫（Cynewulf）：《十字架之梦》（Dream of the Rood）比德（Bede）：《英吉利人教会史》（Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum）阿尔弗雷德大帝（King Alfred）：《盎格鲁—撒克逊编年史》（Anglo-Saxon Chronicle），被誉为“英国散文之父”（Father of English Prose）二．中古英语时期（Medieval English Literature 公元1066年—15世纪）Romance (浪漫传奇) 《亚瑟王之死》头韵体诗歌：《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight）英国民谣ballad：《罗宾汉名谣集》（The Robin Hood Ballads）威廉·兰格伦（William Langland）：《农夫皮尔斯的幻想》（The Vision Concerning piers the Plowman）杰弗里·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）：英国中世纪最伟大的诗人，享有“英国诗歌之父”的美誉（Father of English Poetry）。
代表作：八音节（octosyllabic）英雄双韵体（heroic couplet）诗歌《坎特布雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）.托马斯·马洛礼（Sir Thomas Malory）：英国15世纪优秀的散文家，代表作为《亚瑟王之死》（Le Morte d’Arthur）三．文艺复兴时期（Renaissance 15世纪末—17世纪）托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More）：伟大的人文主义者，代表作：《乌托邦》（Utopia），《国王爱德华五世悲戚的一生》（The painful Life of Edward Ⅴ）.托马斯·魏厄特（Thomas Wyatt）和亨利·霍华德（Henry Howard）的十四行诗（Sonnet）.前者将意大利十四行诗引入英国；后者在此基础上，发展了英国十四行诗歌。
英美文学史(英国)知识点汇总
英美文学期末复习Chapter 1 The Old and Medieval Period 中古时期An Introduction ：❖最早的英国居民：Celts❖In 43AD , Roman conquered Britain, making the latter a province of Roman Empire.公元43年，罗马征服英国，将其变成罗马帝国的一个省份。
❖In 449 Jutes came to Britain to settle there. Following the Jutes came Angles and Saxons. 449年，朱特人定居英国，紧跟着是安格鲁和撒克逊人。
❖Germanic means the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes.日耳曼族包括了安格鲁、萨克逊和朱特人。
❖Anglo-Saxon poetry is bold and strong, mournful and elegiac in spirit.安格鲁撒克逊诗歌大胆而有力，悲伤且忧郁。
❖These tribes from Northern Europe together created the united kingdom--Anglo-Saxon England ("Angle-land").这些来自北欧的部落创建了联合王国--安格鲁撒克逊英格兰(in 449)❖Their dialects naturally grew into a single language called Angle-ish or English, the ancestor of the present-day English.他们的方言自然而然地成为了一种单一的语言--盎格鲁语或者英语。
❖The old English were divided into two groups: ①religious group ②secular group古英语诗歌被分成两类：①宗教②世俗❖The religious group is mainly on biblical theme.宗教诗歌通常以圣经为主题。
英美文学史简介
英美文学史简介Part A British LiteratureⅠEarly and Medieval English Literature 早期及中世纪英国文学1. “Beowulf”, the national epic of the English people.《贝奥武夫》（Beowulf），完成于八世纪，约750年左右的英雄叙事长诗，长达3000多行。
是以古英语记载的传说中最古老的一篇。
是现存古英文文学中最伟大之作，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。
2. Geoffrey Chaucer ,the founder of English poetry.乔叟(1343-1400),英国诗歌之父.The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》, 以一伙来自社会各个阶层的香客在宗教朝圣的路上讲述故事为线索，向我们清楚地展示了那个时代人们的生活。
在所有的23个故事中，除了两篇之外，其余都是诗歌体裁的作品。
ⅡThe Renaissance [ri′neis(ə)ns] 文艺复兴时期文学1.William Shakespeare 莎士比亚（1564～1616）英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。
莎士比亚给世人留下了37部戏剧play，其中包括一些他与别人合写的一般剧作。
此外，他还写有154首十四行诗sonnet和三、四首长诗poem。
四大喜剧： A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜四大悲剧:Hamlet 哈姆雷特(To be, or not to be, that is the question)Othello 奥赛罗King Lear 李尔王Macbeth 麦克白其他：Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶2.Francis Bacon 培根（1561-1626 ）The founder of English materialist philosophy and modern science.Bacon is especially famous for his Essays.培根,英国唯物主义和现代科学奠基人,散文家.代表作：散文Of Studies 《论学习》ⅢThe period of English Bourgeois [buə′ʒwɑ:] Revolution and Restoration 资产阶级革命时期文学1.John Milton 米尔顿Paradise Lost 《失乐园》2. John Bunyan 班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress 《天路历程》ⅣEighteenth Century English Literature 十八世纪英国文学1. Daniel Defoe: 笛福Robinson Crusoe 《鲁滨逊漂流记》2. Jonathan Swift：斯威夫特Gulliver’s Travels 《格列佛游记》3. Henry Fielding 菲尔丁the Founder of the English Realistic Nov 英国现实主义小说奠基人Joseph Andrew 《约瑟夫·安德鲁》4. William Blake 布莱克and Robert Burns彭斯: PoetⅤRomanticism in England 浪漫主义时期文学1. William Wordsworth 华滋华斯the representative poet of the early romanticism. 标志着浪漫主义的开始2. George Gordon Byron 拜伦Don Juan 《唐·璜》3. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了,春天还会远吗?4. John Keats 济慈Ode to a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》5. Jane Austen 简·奥斯汀Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》ⅥThe Victorian Age 维多利亚时期文学1. Charles Dickens 狄更斯代表作：Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》、A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》、David Copperfield 《大卫·科波菲尔》2. William Makepeace Thackeray 萨克雷代表作：Vanity Fair 《名利场》3. George Eliot 乔治·艾略特4. The Brontë Sisters 勃朗特三姐妹Charlotte Brontë夏洛蒂·勃朗特：Jane Eyre《简·爱》Emily Brontë艾米莉·勃朗特：Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》Annie Brontë安妮·勃朗特5. The Brownings 勃朗宁夫妇Husband: Robert BrowningWife: Elizabeth BrowningSonnets from the Portuguese 《葡语十四行诗集》ⅦTwentieth Century English Literature 20世纪英国文学1. Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代Tess of the d’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》2. John Galsworthy 高尔斯华绥3. Oscar Wilde 王尔德Poet，dramatist, novelist and essayist.The Happy Prince and Other Tales 《快乐王子和其他故事》4. George Bernard Shaw 萧伯纳the most important English dramatist5. D. H. Lawrence 劳伦斯Lady Chatterley’s Lover 《查泰来夫人的情人》6. Virginia Woolf 伍尔芙Feminism, the stream of consciousness意识流女权主义与现代主义小说的先驱7. James Joyce 乔伊斯Ulysses《尤里西斯》the stream of consciousness意识流Part B American LiteratureⅠThe Literature During the Colonial American and the American Revolution殖民地时期及独立战争时期的文学Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林ⅡAmerican Romanticism and New England Literature 浪漫主义及新英格兰时期文学1. Washington Irving华盛顿•欧文(1783-1859)the first American to achieve an international literary reputation. 是美国文学的奠基人之一。
英国文学发展史一览
英国文学发展史一览1.English Literature of Anglo-Saxon PeriodTime: about 7th centuryFeatures: verse literature （唱诗）two groups: pagan （非宗教性的） and religiousMain works:“Beowulf”poetry by Caedmon and Cynewulf2.English Literature of Middle CenturiesTime: mid 11th Century – 15th CenturyFeatures:1.influence of the Norman Conquest2.Main works and writers:3.the Romances （骑士文学）4.Chaucer’s “The Canterbury Tales”3.English Literature of RenaissanceTime: early 16th Century—mid 17th CenturyFeatures: the first glori ous period of English literary history, “ A nest of singing birds …” （百家争鸣，百花齐放）Main writers:1.Thomas More2.Edmund Spencer3.Francis Bacon4.Shakespeare4.English Literature during the Bourgeois RevolutionTime:1625—1688The English Bourgeois Revolution begins from 1642Features:Puritan age represented by John MiltonMain literary form: PoetryMain writers:John Milton 1608--16745.English Literature of the 18th CenturyFeatures:Also as the Enlightenment Movement Period （启蒙时期）It is divided into 3 stages:1.“Glorious revolution” to the end of 1730’s;2.The mature period (1740’s—1750’s);3.The last period covers the rest decades of the 18th century.Main authors:（小说家）Daniel Defoe， Jonathan Swift, Henry Fielding（诗人）Alexander Pope6.Romanticism in EnglandTime: 1798--1832Features:1.是英国文学史上诗歌最为繁盛的时期；2.分为消极和积极两组。
English literature I简介和古英语时期英国文学
❖ (7) Enabling one to get more education or to appear well educated. etc.
Important historical periods in English literature
❖ The Old English Period ❖ The Middle Ages ❖ The Renaissance ❖ The Period of Revolution and Restoration (17th Century) ❖ The Age of Enlightenment (18th century ) ❖ The Romantic Period (the early 19th century) ❖ The Victorian Age (the later 19th Century) ❖ 20th Century (Modernism and Post-modernism.)
What Is Literature
❖ Literature is a permanent expression in words of some thoughts or feelings or ideas about life & the world.
Literary genres
❖ Narrative, lyric, dramatic ❖ Poetry, prose, drama, fiction
❖ Genres are often divided into sub-genres. Ancient Greece divided Literature into classic three forms: poetry, drama, and prose.
英文文学著作
英文文学著作English literature is a vast and rich field that encompasses a wide range of writing styles, themes, and periods. From the epic poems of Beowulf to the romantic poetry of the Victorian era, English literature offers a glimpse into the minds and hearts of those who have come before us. Reading works of English literature can transport us to different times and places, allowing us to experience the thoughts and emotions of people from centuries past.英国文学是一个广阔而丰富的领域，涵盖了各种写作风格、主题和时期。
从《贝奥武夫》的史诗诗歌到维多利亚时代的浪漫诗歌，英国文学为我们提供了一瞥那些过去的人们的思想和心灵。
阅读英国文学作品可以使我们穿越到不同的时代和地点，让我们体验几个世纪前人们的思想和情感。
One of the most significant periods in English literature is the Romantic era, which lasted from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century. Romantic literature is characterized by an emphasis on emotion, nature, and individuality, and prominent Romantic writers include William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Lord Byron. The Romantics sought to capture the power and beauty ofnature in their writing, often using vivid imagery and intense emotions to convey their feelings about the world around them.英国文学中最重要的时期之一是浪漫主义时代，从18世纪末到19世纪中叶持续。
英国文学资料English-literature-of-the-renaissance
• Geographical Discoveries (commercial expansion and broadening the mental horizons)
• In the commercial expansion, Spain was the rival with England over the sea. At last a war broke out in 1588. it ended with the rout of the Spanish fleet “Armada”.
Arcadia
• Pastoral, as an adjective, refers to the lifestyle of shepherds and pastoralists, moving livestock around larger areas of land according to seasons and availability of water and food.
• Thomas Wyatt and Surrey were court poets. They are both top-notch aristocrats and their poetry was more representative of the thoughts and feelings of the nobility.
• Then Spenser studied at Cambridge, where she read the classics and italian poets and wrote poems. He received his M.A.degree in 1576.
• In 1579 he wrote The Shepherd’s Calendar, a pastoral poem in twelve books, one for each month of the year.
English literature II盎格鲁和中世纪英国文学
A list of dynasties and kings in England
❖ 1.House of Norman ❖ 1) King WilliamⅠ the Conqueror ❖ He was the leader and winner of the Norman Conquest,
which increased the process of feudalism ❖ beginning during Anglo-Saxon times. ❖ William established a strong monarch with a more
❖ Alfred's reputation has been that of a learned and merciful man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure.
❖ Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by the time of his death had become the dominant ruler in England. He is the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet "the Great". Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons".
西方文论著作英汉名
西方文论著作英汉名西方文论著作英汉对照书名1.Plato理想国?古希腊语：Πολιτε?α英语：The Republic文艺对话集?英语：Plato’s Dialogues法律篇?英语：The Laws2.Aristotle修辞学?英语：Rhetoric诗学?英语：Theory of Poetry3.Horatius诗艺?拉丁语：Ars Poetica 英语：Art of Poetry4.Longinus论崇高?拉丁语：Peri Ypsous5.Saint Augustine忏悔录?英语：The Confessions （原名：Confessiones ）6.Saint Thomas Aquinas反异教大全?英语：Summa Contra Gentiles神学大全?英语：Summa Theologica7.Johannes Scotus Erigena自然的分类?希腊语：Periphyseon8.Peter Abelard我的苦难史?法语：Historia calamitatum 英语：The Story of My Misfortunes认识你自己?法语：Scito Te Ipsum9.Dante Alighiere神曲?意大利语：Divina Commedia论俗语?拉丁语： De vulgari eloquentia10.Philip Sidney为诗辩护?英语：An Apology For Poetry10.Leonardo da vinci论绘画?英语：Treatise on Painting11.Ludovico Castelvetro亚里士多德<诗学>诠释?英语：Annotation on Aristotle's poeticsNeo-Classicism12. Nicolas Boileau-Despreaux 布瓦洛《诗的艺术》L'Art poétique（法）The art of poetry（英）13. Alexander Pope浦柏《论批评》An Essay on CriticismThe Enlightenment （transitional）14. D.Diderot 狄德罗《论戏剧诗》An Essay of Dramatic Poesy《绘画论》15. G．E Lessing 莱辛《拉奥扎》Laocoon L aokoon oder über die Grenzen der Malerei und Poesie (Laocoon: An Essay on the Limits of Painting and Poetry)16. G.Vieo 维柯《新科学》Scienza NuovaEarly Modern PeriodGerman Classicism17. Immanuel Kant 康德《判断力批判》Critique of Judgment Kritik der Urteilskraft (Critique of Judment)18. Georg William Friedrich Hegel 黑格尔《美学》Vorlesungen über die ?sthetik (Lectures on A esthetics)19. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 歌德《歌德谈话录》Gespr?che mit Goethe （德）Conversations with Goethe（英）20. Johann Christoph Friedrich Schiller 席勒《论美书简》Die Philosophie des Sch?nen《审美教育书简》über die ?sthetische Erziehung des Menschen in einer Reihe von Briefen (Letters Upon The Aesthetic Education of Man) Romanticism21. Heinrich Heine 海涅《论浪漫派》Die Romantik("Romanticism", shortcritical essay)22. William Wordsworth 华兹华斯《抒情歌谣集》序言》Lyrical Ballads23. Francois Rene de Chateaubriand 夏多勃里昂《基督教真理》Génie du christianisme.（法）The Genius of Christianity（英）Realism24. Stendhal司汤达《拉辛与莎士比亚》Racine et Shakespéare （法）Racine and Shakespeare（英）25. Belinsky别林斯基《艺术的概念》26. Chernishevsky 车尔尼雪夫斯基《艺术与现实的美学关系》Aesthetic Relations of Art to Reality27. Tolstoy托尔斯泰《艺术论》Чтотакоеискусство? Chto takoye iskusstvo?（俄）What Is Art?(英)Positivism28. Madame de Stael Germaine《论文学》,全名为《从社会制度与文学的关系论文学》De la littérature considérée dans ses rapports avec les institutions sociales29. Hippolyte Taine《艺术哲学》Philosophie de l’art (1865 et 1882)(The Philosophy of Art)Non-rationalism30. Arthur Schopenhauer《作为意志和表象的世界》Die Welt Als Wille und vorstellung,1818（The World as Will and Representation）31． Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche《悲剧的诞生》全名《悲剧的诞生：源于音乐的灵魂》Die Geburt der Trag?die aus dem Geiste der Musik. 1872在1886年则改以《悲剧的诞生：希腊文化和悲观主义》Die Geburt der Trag?die, Oder: Griechentum und Pessimismus为名重新出版（The Birth of Tragedy ）A.Aestheticism32. Theophile Gautier《诗集》Poésies（1830）《莫般小姐》Mademoiselle de Maupin（1835）33. Walter Horatio Pater《文艺复兴：艺术和诗的研究》The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry 34. Oscar wilde《批评即艺术家》The Critic as Artist《英国的文艺复兴》The English Renaissance of Art35. Francesco De Sanctis《批评文集》Saggi criticiB.Symbolism36. Charles Baudelaire《美学探奇》或译为《美学珍玩》Curiosités Esthétiques 186837. Paul Verlaine《诗艺》Poèmes saturniens 186638. Arthur Rimbaud《通灵人的信》L ettre à Paul Demeny 187139. Stephane Mallarme《谈文学运动——答儒勒.于莱问》(查不到法文名和英文名，中文名应该是《谈文学运动—斯特芬·马拉美答儒勃·于莱问》)Intuitionism40. Henri Bergson《笑之研究》Le rire. Essai sur la signification du comique （Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic）41. Benedetto Croce《作为表现的科学和一般语言学的美学》Estetica come scienza dell'espressione e linguistica generale (1902)（Aesthetic as Science ofExpression and General Linguistic）《美学原理》Breviario di estetica (The Essence of Aesthetic)42. Sigmund Freud（Austrian）《梦的解析》Die TraumdeutungThe Interpretation of Dreams《作家与白日梦》Creative Writers and Day-dreaming《论创造力与无意识》On creativity and the Unconscious43. Carl Gustav Jung(Swiss)《心理学与文学》Psychology and Literature44. Roman Jakobson（Russian-American）《语言学与诗学》("Closing Statement: Linguistics and Poetics," in Style in Language)Linguistics and Poetics45. Boris Eichenbaum（Russian and Soviet）《论散文，论诗歌》（这本书不是很确定）ЛесковисовременнаяпрозаLeskov and Contemporary Prose46. Victor Shklovsky(Russian and Soviet)《作为手法的艺术》("Art as Technique": pages 15–21 Literary Theory) Art as Technique《词的复活》The Resurrection of the Word47. Northrop Frey（Canadian）《文学的原型》（没找到）《批评的解剖》Anatomy of Criticism48. A. Richards(British)《文学批评原理》The Principles of Literary Criticism《实用批评》Practical Criticism49. William Empson(British)《含混七型》Seven Types of Ambiguity《复杂词的结构》The Structure of Complex Words50. John Crowe Ransom(American)《新批评》The New Criticism《诗歌：本体论笔记》（没找到）51. Brooks/Warren:《怎样读诗》Understanding Poetry 是不是一般译为理解诗歌？不确定是不是对应这本。