2016学年高三第二学期第二周综合测试卷
2024学年山东省新泰市第二中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试数学试题理试卷
2024学年山东省新泰市第二中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试数学试题理试卷 注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．若复数z 满足2(13)(1)i z i +=+，则||z =（ ） A ．54 B ．55 C ．102 D ．1052．若复数()()31z i i =-+，则z =（ ）A ．22B ．25C ．10D ．203．已知向量()()1,2,2,2a b λ==-，且a b ⊥，则λ等于（ ）A ．4B ．3C ．2D ．14．已知12,F F 是双曲线222:1(0)x C y a a-=>的两个焦点，过点1F 且垂直于x 轴的直线与C 相交于,A B 两点，若2AB =，则2ABF ∆的内切圆半径为（ ）A ．23B ．33C ．323D ．2335．已知数列满足：.若正整数使得成立，则( )A ．16B ．17C ．18D ．196．已知复数z 满足(3)1i z i +=+，则z 的虚部为（ ）A ．i -B ．iC ．–1D ．17．第七届世界军人运动会于2019年10月18日至27日在中国武汉举行，中国队以133金64银42铜位居金牌榜和奖牌榜的首位.运动会期间有甲、乙等五名志愿者被分配到射击、田径、篮球、游泳四个运动场地提供服务，要求每个人都要被派出去提供服务，且每个场地都要有志愿者服务，则甲和乙恰好在同一组的概率是（ ）A ．110B ．15C ．140D ．9408．设i 为数单位，z 为z 的共轭复数，若13z i =+，则z z ⋅=（ ） A ．110 B ．110i C ．1100 D ．1100i 9．命题“20,(1)(1)∀>+>-x x x x ”的否定为（ ）A ．20,(1)(1)∀>+>-x x x xB ．20,(1)(1)∀+>-x x x xC ．20,(1)(1)∃>+-x x x xD ．20,(1)(1)∃+>-x x x x10．已知不等式组y x y x x a ≤⎧⎪≥-⎨⎪≤⎩表示的平面区域的面积为9，若点， 则的最大值为（ ）A ．3B ．6C ．9D ．12 11．若函数()3cos 4sin f x x x =+在x θ=时取得最小值，则cos θ=（ ）A ．35B ．45-C ．45D ．3512．如图，正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为1，动点E 在线段11A C 上，F 、M 分别是AD 、CD 的中点，则下列结论中错误的是（ ）A ．11//FM AC ，B ．存在点E ，使得平面//BEF 平面11CCD D C ．BM ⊥平面1CC F D ．三棱锥B CEF -的体积为定值二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。
2016年北京东城高三二模文综地理试题及答案(word版)
2016年北京东城高三二模文综地理试题及答案北京东城区2015-2016学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）文综地理2016.5本试卷共12页，满分300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共140分）本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
2016年2月14日，国务院决定在15个省市和新区开展服务贸易创新发展试点（图1）。
读图，回答第1～3题。
图11.我国服务贸易创新发展试点A．均位于季风气候区B．多位于地势第一级阶梯C．包含少数民族自治区D．多分布在暖温带地区2．与上海相比，武汉发展服务贸易创新发展试点突出的优势是A．土地价格B．区位与交通C．产业基础D．科技与教育3.2月14日A．深圳正午太阳高度比西安小 B．威海自转速度比上海快C．哈尔滨的白昼时间比广州短 D．武汉日出时间比成都晚图2为某半球某月海平面等压线分布示意图。
读图，回答第4、5题。
图24.图2为A．北半球7月B．北半球1月 C．南半球7月 D．南半球1月5.图示季节A．甲处洋流为逆时针 B．丙处气压中心势力最强C．乙处正值高温多雨 D．丁处主导风向为偏南风大约3000年前，秘鲁（图3）山区的农民采用一种培高田地农业技术（图4），科学家发现用这种方法(技术)种植当地作物是现代种植方式种植产量的三倍。
据此，回答第6～8题。
图3 图4 培高田地农业技术示意图6．秘鲁A．城市多分布在平原地区B．西临太平洋东临大西洋C．受寒流影响，多雾少雨D．山区垂直自然带谱复杂7．图4中水渠的作用主要有①灌溉②排水③防霜冻④水运A．①③④ B．①②③C．②④D．③④8．与现代种植方式相比，培高田地农业A．商品率高B．生产规模大C．专业化水平高D．效益高我国某贫困乡镇的产业结构畸形，农民收入来源单一，主要依靠种植业。
图5是该乡镇2003～2012年的年降水量的变化图。
高二下学周日测试卷(打印卷)
金华一中2015—2016学年第二学期周日测试高二英语试题命题：李学雷周丽波本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。
共8页。
总分100分，考试时间90分钟。
考试结束时，将答题卡与答题卷一起上交。
注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必正确填涂答题卡上的姓名、考号（后4位为班号加学号）和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
第I卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIt may not look like much is going on during naptime in preschool, but dozing youngsters are actually busy learning.A lot is happening in the brain of a sleeping preschooler, including processing and storing memories that are the foundation for learning. That makes naptime as important as programs focused on fighting bullying or learning to wait their t urn for academe’s youngest students, according to the latest research.Reporting in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Rebecca Spencer, associate professor of psychology and neuroscience (神经科学) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, says that napping should be part of any preschool curriculum. In her study, Spencer and her colleagues taught 40 preschoolers a version of the Memory matching game in which pairs of covered pictures were placed in a grid (网格) and the children had to uncover and remember the location of the pictures in order to match identical paired images. The first time the children played the game, they were allowed to nap for about 77 minutes afterward, and then asked to play the game again. The next week, the same kids were asked to repeat the process, except this time the researchers kept the children awake instead of allowing them to sleep.Skipping the nap led to a 10% drop in the children’s accuracy in the memory-based game. Even after Spencer adjusted for the fact that the napless kids may have been more tired anddistracted —by having them play the game again 24 hours later, after a good night’s sleep — the relationship between naps and better performance on the test remained strong. And the kids who napped regularly consistently did better than the kids who did not nap as part of their daily routine.“These results should give schools, center directors and policy makers motivation to not only preserve nap opportuni ties but to focus on encouraging nap opportunities,” says Spencer.Previous work suggests why naps might boost cognitive performance. During sleep, scientists believe that memories are made, or processed in ways that make it easier for the brain to access and retrieve later. Experiences and sensations are processed in the hippocampus (海马), which creates short-term memories, but in order to make room for the barrage (接二连三的一大堆) of new material that floods in every minute, the brain continues to work while we sleep, filing these memories away into long-term storage to free up the hippocampus for new experiences.To verify (证实) her findings, Spencer also studied another group of 14 preschoolers who played the same matching game, both with a nap and without a nap, and hooked them up to electrodes to monitor their brain activity while they slept overnight in the lab. How long the children slept didn’t affect their accuracy in the game. What mattered more was a pattern brain activity that in animal models is connected to a more active hippocampus and memory formation. The more plastic, or open to new memories the child’s brain was, the better he performed in the game.Interestingly, Spencer did not find much REM (rapid eye movement) sleep — which sleep phase that in older children and adults is associated with the processing of emotions — among the napping kids. She suspects that for storing declarative memories such as those required in the matching game, REM sleep probably isn’t necessary.With President Obama advocating universal preschool to take advantage of a developing brain’s hunger to observe, learn and process new information, these results should justify the need for naps as part of a preschool curriculum. “Currently some kids who have the most social and academic needs are taken out of the classroom for one-on-one sessions with teachers during the nap,” says Spencer. “But these could be the kids who need the nap the most. Naps should be part of our academic goals — they actually help us to meet academic goal s.”1. The experts conducted their research mainly in the way of __________.A. comparisonB. observationC. case studyD. description2. The underlined word “retrieve” in Para. 6 probably means __________.A. try againB. bring backC. take awayD. make it3. Which statement about this passage is WRONG?A. Processing and storing memories are the foundation for learning.B. Spencer doesn’t think REM sleep is necessary for storing declarative memor ies.C. In this passage, “hippocampus” is a kind of marine animal.D. Naps can help kids to meet academic needs.Writing being largely a self-taught occupation, texts on how to get about it — though great in number — seldom are of much use.You try, and fail. Then try again, and perhaps fail not quite so grievously. Until at last, if you have some gift for it, the failures become less frequent, or at any rate less noticeable.It is this ability to conceal one’s defects (瑕疵) that passes, finally, for accomplishment.Along the way there are the discouragements of unkind criticism, outright rejection, nagging insecurity and irregular inability to meet debts.It is uncommon, therefore, to come across a book containing advice of much practical value for anyone toying with the dangerous idea of starting on a writing life.A friend recently loaned me such a book, however —one I wish I’d had the luck to read years ago, and which I would commend to any young person bent on making a career of words. It is the autobiography of the English novelist Anthony Trollope, first published in 1883, the year after his death.Needing some means to support himself, Trollope at age 19 signed on as a junior clerk in the British postal service. He was at his desk at 5:30 each morning to write for three hours. And he remained in the mail service 33 years, long after reputation and prosperity had come to him.Now, what of his advice?1. For safety’s sake, arm yourself with some other skills, some othe r line of work to fall back on. That way, failure at writing, though the disappointment may be keen, will not mean utter ruin.2. Do not depend overly much on inspiration. Writing is a craft, which Trollope compared to the craft of shoemaking. The shoemaker who has just turned out one pair of his work sets to work immediately on the next pair.3. Have a story to tell, but, more important than that, people with characters who will speak and move as living creatures in the reader’s mind. Without memorable cha racters, story alone is nothing.4. Meet your deadlines. Life is endlessly “painful and troublesome” for writers who can’t finish their work on time.5. Do not be inflated by praise. And, above all, do not be crushed by criticism.6. Understand the risks o f writing for a living. “The career, when successful, is pleasant enough certainly; but when unsuccessful, it is of all careers the most painful.”4. This passage mainly discusses __________.A. the difficulties and risks of making a career of wordsB. the uselessness of instructions in writing manualsC. the autobiography of the 19th century English novelist Anthony TrollopeD. sound advice provided in Anthony Trollope’s autobiography5. From the context, the phrase “pass for” in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.A. focus onB. be regarded asC. be equal toD. lie in6. According to the author, writing __________.A. is basically a self-taught occupation and few instructions are of much practical useB. is a “trial and error” process and it does not count whether you have the gift or notC. for a living is the most pleasant of all careers, full of praise and enjoymentD. sometimes provides good hopes of winning public praise and escaping povertyDrunken driving —sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder — has become a national epidemic (流行病). Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years.A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken killing has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially concerning young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20 years old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks.A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously drunk” and later drove off the ro ad, killing a 9-year-old boy.As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption (腐败) and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.7. What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?A. Many drivers were not of legal age.B. Young drivers were often bad drivers.C. Drivers should not be allowed to drink.D. The legal drinking age should be raised.8. The underlined word “lenient” in the first paragraph means “_________”.A. seriousB. cruelC. mercifulD. determined9. In America, public opinion about drunken driving has changed because __________.A. judges are giving more severe sentencesB. new laws are introduced in some statesC. the news media have highlighted the problemD. drivers are more conscious of their image10. Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve?A. Because alcohol is easily obtained.B. Because drinking is linked to organized crime.C. Because legal prohibition has already failed.D. Because making laws alone is not sufficient.第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省信阳市2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次教学质量检测试题 地理含答案
2023-2024学年普通高中高三第二次教学质量检测地理（答案在最后）本试题卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
第I卷1至5页，第II卷6至8页。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号等考生信息填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔将准考证号填涂在相应位置。
2．选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
第I卷（选择题共44分）本卷共22小题，每小题2分，共计44分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
江苏中部海岸是我国典型的淤进型强潮海岸，在宽阔的滩涂上潮沟系统（因潮汐涨落冲刷形成的冲沟）广泛发育。
潮沟系统在生态保护、水产养殖、旅游度假、海岸线保护、航运交通等方面具有重要价值。
近年来，随着滩涂大面积被围垦，潮沟整体呈现退化和消亡趋势。
结合盐沼滩涂特征图（图1），完成1～2题。
图11．该海岸地带泥沙粒径呈现向海洋粗化的主要原因是，自陆地向海洋①潮水流速加快，侵蚀能力增强②植被减少，植被的缓流消浪作用减弱A③河流流速下降，搬运能力减弱④风力加大，风力的搬运和沉积作用增强A.①②B.①④C.②③D③④2潮沟系统的退化和消亡，会引起A.近岸水域海水盐度升高B.滨海地区洪涝灾害多发C.沿海滩涂上生物多样性增加D.向海洋输送的营养物质增加高三地理试题第1页（共8页）2023年7月29日至8月1日，受双台风“杜苏芮”“卡努”的影响、再加上高压坝（西北太平洋副热带高压西伸与大陆高压结合而形成）和地形共同作用，京津冀地区出现一轮历史罕见的极端暴雨过程，引发了严重的洪涝、山体滑坡和城市内涝等次生灾害。
图2示意7月29日海平面气压分布图（单位：ℎP)，据此完成3～4题。
高三物理上学期周测试卷(1)(含解析)-人教版高三全册物理试题
2015-2016学年陕西省咸阳市兴平市秦岭中学高三〔上〕周测物理试卷〔1〕一、选择题：〔本大题共12小题，每一小题4分，共48分，在每一小题给出的四个选项中，有一项或几项符合要求，全部选对得4分，局部选对得2分，选错或不答的得0分〕1．关于速度和加速度的关系，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．速度变化得越多，加速度就越大B．速度变化得越快，加速度就越大C．加速度方向保持不变，速度方向也保持不变D．加速度大小不断变小，速度大小也不断变小2．在地面上方某处，将一个小球以V=20m/s初速度竖直上抛，如此小球到达距抛出点10m 的位置所经历的时间可能为〔g=10m/s2〕〔〕A． S B．〔2﹣〕s C．〔2+〕s D．〔2+〕s3．某同学在学习了动力学知识后，绘出了一个沿直线运动的物体，其加速度a．速度v．位移s随时间变化的图象如下列图，假设该物体在t=0时刻，初速度均为零，如此A、B、C、D四个选项中表示该物体沿单一方向运动的图象是〔〕A．B．C．D．4．如图，质量为M的楔形物A静置在水平地面上，其斜面的倾角为θ．斜面上有一质量为m的小物块B，B与斜面之间存在摩擦．用恒力F沿斜面向上拉B，使之匀速上滑．在B运动的过程中，楔形物块A始终保持静止．关于相互间作用力的描述正确的有〔〕A．B给A的作用力大小为mg﹣FB．B给A摩擦力大小为FC．地面受到的摩擦力大小为FcosθD．地面受到的压力大小为Mg+mg﹣Fsinθ5．如下列图，水平细杆上套一环A，环A与B球间用一轻绳相连，质量分别为m A、m B．由于B球受到风力作用，环A与B球一起向右匀速运动．细绳与竖直方向的夹角为θ．如此如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．风速增大时，轻质绳对球B的拉力保持不变B．球B受到的风力F为m B gtanθC．杆对A环的支持力随着风速的增加而增加D．环A与水平细杆间的动摩擦因数为6．水平抛出的小球，t秒末的速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ1，t+t0秒末速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ2，忽略空气阻力，如此小球初速度的大小为〔〕A．gt0〔cosθ1﹣cosθ2〕B．C．gt0〔tanθ1﹣tanθ2〕D．7．如下列图，在同一竖直面上有a、b两个小球，它们距地面的高度一样．某时刻小球a 做自由落体运动，小球b做初速度为v0的平抛运动，一段时间后两小球在c点相遇．假设其他条件不变，只是将小球b的初速度变为2v0，如此〔〕A．它们不能相遇 B．它们仍将在c点相遇C．它们将在c点的下方相遇D．它们将在c点的上方相遇8．a、b两物体从同一位置沿同一直线运动，它们的速度图象如下列图，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．a、b加速时，物体a的加速度大于物体b的加速度B．20秒时，a、b两物体相距最远C．60秒时，物体a在物体b的前方D．40秒时，a、b两物体速度相等，相距200m9．如下列图，小球用细线拴住放在光滑斜面上，用力推斜面向左运动，小球缓慢升高的过程中，细线的拉力将〔〕A．先增大后减小 B．先减小后增大 C．一直增大 D．一直减小10．如下列图，一质量为m的小物体以一定的速率v0滑到水平传送带上左端的A点，当传送带始终静止时，物体能滑过右端的B点，如此如下判断正确的答案是〔〕A．传送带假设逆时针方向运行且保持速率不变，物体也能滑过B点B．传送带假设逆时针方向运行且保持速率不变，物体可能先向右做匀减速运动直到速度减为零，然后向左加速，因此不能滑过B点C．传送带假设顺时针方向运行，当其以速率v=v0不变时，物体将一直做匀速运动滑过B点D．传送带假设顺时针方向运行，当其运行速率〔保持不变〕v=v0时，物体一定向右一直做匀加速运动滑过B点11．如下列图，物块M通过与斜面平行的细绳与小物块m相连．斜面的倾角α可以改变．讨论物块M对斜面的摩擦力的大小，如此有〔〕A．假设物块M保持静止，如此α角越大，摩擦力一定越大B．假设物块M保持静止，如此α角越大，摩擦力一定越小C．假设物块M沿斜面下滑，如此α角越大，摩擦力越大D．假设物块M沿斜面下滑，如此α角越大，摩擦力越小12．质量为2m的物块A和质量为m的物块B相互接触放在水平面上，如下列图．假设对A 施加水平推力F，如此两物块沿水平方向做加速运动．关于A对B的作用力，如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．假设水平地面光滑，物块A对B的作用力大小为FB．假设水平地面光滑，物块A对B的作用力大小为C．假设物块A与地面间无摩擦，B与地面的动摩擦因数为μ，如此物体A对B的作用力大小为μmgD．假设物块A与地面间无摩擦，B与地面的动摩擦因数为μ，如此物体A对B的作用力大小为二．实验题〔4分+9分〕13．一个实验小组在“探究弹力和弹簧伸长的关系〞的实验中，使用两条不同的轻质弹簧a 和b，得到弹力与弹簧长度的图象如下列图．如此：弹簧的原长更长，弹簧的劲度系数更大．〔填“a〞或“b〞〕14．物理小组在一次探究活动中测量滑块与木板之间的动摩擦因数．实验装置如图甲所示，打点计时器固定在斜面上，滑块拖着穿过打点计时器的纸带从斜面上由静止滑下．图乙是打出的纸带的一段．〔1〕打点计时器所使用的交流电的频率为50Hz，选A、B、C、D、E、F、G 7个点为计数点，且各计数点间均有一个点没有画出，如此滑块下滑的加速度a=m/s2．〔结果保存两位小数〕〔2〕为测量动摩擦因数，如下物理量中还应测量的有．〔填入所选物理量前的字母〕A、木板的长度LB、木板的末端被垫起的高度hC、木板的质量m1D、滑块的质量m2E、滑块运动的时间t〔3〕滑块与木板间的动摩擦因数μ=．〔用被测物理量的字母表示，重力加速度为g〕三．计算题〔共49分〕〔请写出必要的文字说明，重要的方程式和关键演算步骤〕15．甲、乙两个同学在直跑道练习4×100接力，他们在奔跑时有一样的最大速度．乙从静止开始全力跑出25米才能达到最大速度．这一过程可看作匀变速运动，现在甲持棒以最大速度向乙奔来，乙在接力区伺机全力奔出．假设要求乙接棒时达到最大速度的80%，求：〔1〕乙在接力区须奔出多少距离？〔2〕乙应在距甲多远时起跑？16．如下列图，在质量为m=1kg的重物上系着一条长30cm的细绳，细绳的另一端连着一个轻质圆环，圆环套在水平的棒上可以滑动，环与棒间的动摩擦因数μ为0.75，另有一条细绳，在其一端跨过定滑轮，定滑轮固定在距离圆环50cm的地方，当细绳的端点挂上重物G，而圆环将要开始滑动时，〔g取10/ms2〕试问：〔1〕角ϕ多大？〔2〕长为30cm的细绳的张力是多少：〔3〕圆环将要开始滑动时，重物G的质量是多少？17．如下列图，长L=1.5m，高h=0.45m，质量M=10kg的长方体木箱，在水平面上向右做直线运动．当木箱的速度v0=3.6m/s时，对木箱施加一个方向水平向左的恒力F=50N，并同时将一个质量m=1kg的小球轻放在距木箱右端的P点〔小球可视为质点，放在P点时相对于地面的速度为零〕，经过一段时间，小球脱离木箱落到地面．木箱与地面的动摩擦因数为0.2，其他摩擦均不计．取，求：〔1〕小球从离开木箱开始至落到地面所用的时间；〔2〕小球放上P点后，木箱向右运动的最大位移；〔3〕小球离开木箱时木箱的速度．2015-2016学年陕西省咸阳市兴平市秦岭中学高三〔上〕周测物理试卷〔1〕参考答案与试题解析一、选择题：〔本大题共12小题，每一小题4分，共48分，在每一小题给出的四个选项中，有一项或几项符合要求，全部选对得4分，局部选对得2分，选错或不答的得0分〕1．关于速度和加速度的关系，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．速度变化得越多，加速度就越大B．速度变化得越快，加速度就越大C．加速度方向保持不变，速度方向也保持不变D．加速度大小不断变小，速度大小也不断变小【考点】加速度．【专题】直线运动规律专题．【分析】根据加速度的定义式a=可知物体的加速度等于物体的速度的变化率，加速度的方向就是物体速度变化量的方向，与物体速度无关，即物体的速度变化越快物体的加速度越大．【解答】解：A、物体的速度变化大，但所需时间更长的话，物体速度的变化率可能很小，如此加速度就会很小，故A错误．B、加速度反映速度变化的快慢，速度变化得越快，加速度就越大，故B正确；C、加速度方向保持不变，速度方向可以变化，例如平抛运动，故C错误D、如果加速度方向与速度方向一样，加速度大小不断变小，速度却增大，故D错误应当选：B．【点评】速度与加速度均是矢量，速度变化的方向决定了加速度的方向，却与速度方向无关．同时加速度增加，速度可能减小，所以加速度与初速度的方向关系决定速度增加与否．2．在地面上方某处，将一个小球以V=20m/s初速度竖直上抛，如此小球到达距抛出点10m 的位置所经历的时间可能为〔g=10m/s2〕〔〕A． S B．〔2﹣〕s C．〔2+〕s D．〔2+〕s【考点】竖直上抛运动．【专题】直线运动规律专题．【分析】位移是矢量，抛出后石子通过距抛出点15m处，可能是上升阶段经过10m高处，也可能是下降阶段经过高10m处，还有可能是下降阶段经过下方10m处，代入位移时间关系公式求解即可．【解答】解：竖直上抛运动是匀变速运动，当x=10m时，根据位移时间关系公式，有解得t1=，t2=2﹣s故B正确，C正确；当位移为x=﹣10m时，根据位移时间关系公式，有解得〔舍去〕故D正确；应当选：BCD．【点评】此题关键是将竖直上抛运动的上升和下降阶段作为一个过程考虑〔匀变速直线运动〕，同时要明确物体的位置可能在抛出点上方，也可能在抛出点下方．3．某同学在学习了动力学知识后，绘出了一个沿直线运动的物体，其加速度a．速度v．位移s随时间变化的图象如下列图，假设该物体在t=0时刻，初速度均为零，如此A、B、C、D四个选项中表示该物体沿单一方向运动的图象是〔〕A．B．C．D．【考点】匀变速直线运动的图像．【专题】运动学中的图像专题．【分析】速度时间图线的正负值表示物体运动的方向，通过位移时间图线的位移的增加还是减小判断运动的方向．【解答】解：A、在0﹣2s内，位移先增大再减小，知运动的方向发生改变．故A错误．B、0﹣1s内加速度不变，做匀加速直线运动，1﹣2s内加速度方向，大小不变，向正方向做匀减速直线运动，2s末速度为零．在一个周期内速度的方向不变．故B正确．C、在0﹣2s内速度为正值，向正方向运动，在2﹣4s内速度为负值，向负方向运动，运动方向发生改变．故C错误．D、在0﹣1s内，向正方向做匀加速直线运动，1﹣2s内加速度方向，大小不变，向正方向做匀减速直线运动，2s末速度为零，2﹣3s内向负方向做匀加速直线运动，运动的方向发生变化．故D错误．应当选：B．【点评】解决此题的关键知道速度时间图线和位移时间图线的物理意义，以与知道它们的区别，并且能很好运用．4．如图，质量为M的楔形物A静置在水平地面上，其斜面的倾角为θ．斜面上有一质量为m的小物块B，B与斜面之间存在摩擦．用恒力F沿斜面向上拉B，使之匀速上滑．在B运动的过程中，楔形物块A始终保持静止．关于相互间作用力的描述正确的有〔〕A．B给A的作用力大小为mg﹣FB．B给A摩擦力大小为FC．地面受到的摩擦力大小为FcosθD．地面受到的压力大小为Mg+mg﹣Fsinθ【考点】共点力平衡的条件与其应用；力的合成与分解的运用．【专题】共点力作用下物体平衡专题．【分析】由题，B物体匀速上滑，物块A始终保持静止，两个物体受力均平衡．B对A有压力和滑动摩擦力，B给A的作用力是这两个力的合力．以B为研究对象，根据平衡条件分析B给A摩擦力大小．以整体为研究对象，根据平衡条件分析地面对A摩擦力和支持力大小，地面受到的摩擦力和压力大小等于地面对A摩擦力和支持力大小．【解答】解：A、以B为研究对象，分析受力情况，作出力图如图1．根据平衡条件得到，A 对B的支持力N B和摩擦力fB的合力大小为F合==，即A给B 的作用力大小为，根据牛顿第三定律可知，B给A的作用力大小为，．故A错误．B、以B为研究对象，由平衡条件得知，A给B摩擦力大小为f B=F﹣mgsinθ．故B错误．C、D以整体为研究对象，分析受力情况，作出力图如图2．根据平衡条件得，地面对A 摩擦力为f A=Fcosθ，支持力N A=〔M+m〕g﹣Fsinθ．根据牛顿第三定律可知，地面受到的摩擦力大小为Fcosθ，地面受到的压力大小为Mg+mg﹣Fsinθ．故CD正确．应当选CD【点评】此题的技巧是整体法的应用．对于涉与两个以上物体平衡时，可以选择整体作为研究对象，解题时往往简洁方便．5．如下列图，水平细杆上套一环A，环A与B球间用一轻绳相连，质量分别为m A、m B．由于B球受到风力作用，环A与B球一起向右匀速运动．细绳与竖直方向的夹角为θ．如此如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．风速增大时，轻质绳对球B的拉力保持不变B．球B受到的风力F为m B gtanθC．杆对A环的支持力随着风速的增加而增加D．环A与水平细杆间的动摩擦因数为【考点】牛顿第二定律；力的合成与分解的运用．【专题】牛顿运动定律综合专题．【分析】先对球B受力分析，受重力、风力和拉力，根据共点力平衡条件列式分析；对A、B两物体组成的整体受力分析，受重力、支持力、风力和水平向左的摩擦力，再再次根据共点力平衡条件列式分析各力的变化．【解答】解：A、B、对球B受力分析，受重力、风力和拉力，如左图风力F=m B gtanθ，故B正确；绳对B球的拉力T=当风力增大时，θ增大，如此T增大．故A错误．C、D、把环和球当作一个整体，对其受力分析，受重力〔m A+m B〕g、支持力N、风力F和向左的摩擦力f，如右图根据共点力平衡条件可得：杆对A环的支持力大小N=〔m A+m B〕gf=F如此A环与水平细杆间的动摩擦因数为μ=，故D错误；对整体分析，竖直方向上杆对环A的支持力N A=〔m A+m B〕g，故C错误；应当选：B．【点评】此题关键是先对整体受力分析，再对球B受力分析，然后根据共点力平衡条件列式分析求解．6．水平抛出的小球，t秒末的速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ1，t+t0秒末速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ2，忽略空气阻力，如此小球初速度的大小为〔〕A．gt0〔cosθ1﹣cosθ2〕B．C．gt0〔tanθ1﹣tanθ2〕D．【考点】平抛运动．【专题】平抛运动专题．【分析】将平抛运动分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动两个分力，作出t秒末和t+t0秒末速度的分解图．研究竖直方向的速度，分别用初速度表示，再由速度公式求出初速度．【解答】解：如图，作出速度分解图．如此v1y=v0tanθ1，v2y=v0tanθ2，又由v1y=gt，v2y=g〔t+t0〕得到gt=v0tanθ1…①g〔t+t0〕=v0tanθ2…②由②﹣①得v0=．应当选：D【点评】此题考查对平抛运动的处理能力，关键是作出速度的分解图，对速度进展分解处理．7．如下列图，在同一竖直面上有a、b两个小球，它们距地面的高度一样．某时刻小球a做自由落体运动，小球b做初速度为v0的平抛运动，一段时间后两小球在c点相遇．假设其他条件不变，只是将小球b的初速度变为2v0，如此〔〕A．它们不能相遇 B．它们仍将在c点相遇C．它们将在c点的下方相遇D．它们将在c点的上方相遇【考点】平抛运动．【专题】平抛运动专题．【分析】两个小球竖直方向都是自由落体运动，始终处于同一高度，水平方向a球静止，b 球向左匀速，根据平抛运动的位移公式列式分析．【解答】解：小球a自由落体运动，小球b平抛运动，竖直分运动一样，始终在同一高度，有；水平方向，小球b做匀速直线运动，有L=v0t；解得：故小球b速度变为2倍后，相遇的时间变短，相遇点在C点上方；应当选D．【点评】此题关键是将平抛运动分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动来分析；也可以以球a为参考系，球b向做匀速直线运动．8．a、b两物体从同一位置沿同一直线运动，它们的速度图象如下列图，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．a、b加速时，物体a的加速度大于物体b的加速度B．20秒时，a、b两物体相距最远C．60秒时，物体a在物体b的前方D．40秒时，a、b两物体速度相等，相距200m【考点】匀变速直线运动的图像．【分析】v﹣t 图象中，图象的斜率表示加速度；图线和时间轴所夹图形的面积表示物体位移；当两物体的速度相等时，其距离最大．【解答】解：A、由图象可以看出，物体a在加速时，速度图象的斜率小于物体b加速时的图象斜率，故加速时，物体b的加速度要大，选项A错误；B、在40秒时，a、b两物体的速度相等，此时两物体的相距最远，应当选项B错误；C：在60秒时，经计算，物体a的位移是：S a=2100m，物体b的位移是：S b=1600m，S a＞S b，所以物体a在物体b的方，应当选项C正确；D：在40秒时，经计算，物体a的位移是：S a=1300m，物体b的位移是：S b=400m，S a﹣S b=900m，应当选项D错误．应当选：C．【点评】利用图象解题是高中学生必须掌握的方法之一，尤其是速度﹣时间图象．在分析速度﹣时间图象时，有的同学往往错误的认为图线交时相遇，而此时却是距离最大的时刻．在解决追击与相遇问题时，常常应用图象进展分析．9．如下列图，小球用细线拴住放在光滑斜面上，用力推斜面向左运动，小球缓慢升高的过程中，细线的拉力将〔〕A．先增大后减小 B．先减小后增大 C．一直增大 D．一直减小【考点】共点力平衡的条件与其应用；力的合成与分解的运用．【专题】共点力作用下物体平衡专题．【分析】以小球为研究对象，画出小球的受力分析图．分析滑块左移会引起哪个力的方向变化，用三角形法求解．【解答】解：对小球受力分析如下列图，重力的大小方向不变，平移另两个力构成一首尾相连的闭合的三角形，滑块左移会引起F T的方向与大小的变化而F N的方向不变，且合力为0，如此三力依然为闭合三角形，如下列图：如此F T与F N相垂直时F T最小，如此闭合三角形发生如下列图变化，如此F T的变化为先变小，变大．应当选B【点评】假设三力合力为0，如此三力首尾相连构成一闭合三角形，分析出不变的力不动，另外的两个力依变化改变方向或大小，但依然是闭合三角形，分析边长的变化就得出力大小的变化．10．如下列图，一质量为m的小物体以一定的速率v0滑到水平传送带上左端的A点，当传送带始终静止时，物体能滑过右端的B点，如此如下判断正确的答案是〔〕A．传送带假设逆时针方向运行且保持速率不变，物体也能滑过B点B．传送带假设逆时针方向运行且保持速率不变，物体可能先向右做匀减速运动直到速度减为零，然后向左加速，因此不能滑过B点C．传送带假设顺时针方向运行，当其以速率v=v0不变时，物体将一直做匀速运动滑过B点D．传送带假设顺时针方向运行，当其运行速率〔保持不变〕v=v0时，物体一定向右一直做匀加速运动滑过B点【考点】牛顿第二定律；匀变速直线运动的位移与时间的关系．【专题】牛顿运动定律综合专题．【分析】假设传送带逆时针运动，物体受摩擦力水平向左，物体会一直做匀减速直线运动；假设传送带顺时针运动，物体是减速还是加速，要比拟物体与传送带的速度大小，分情况进展讨论即可．【解答】解：A、B、当传送带始终静止时，物体受摩擦力水平向左，物体会一直做匀减速直线运动，加速度为μg；传送带假设逆时针方向运行且保持速率不变，物体受摩擦力水平向左，物体会一直做匀减速直线运动，加速度也为μg，故运动情况不变；故A正确，B错误；C、传送带假设顺时针方向运行时，当传送带速度v=v0时，滑块水平方向不受力，物体将一直做匀速运动滑过B点，故C正确D错误；应当选：AC．【点评】此题关键会根据物块的受力判断物块的运动规律，特别是传送带顺时针传动时，当物块的速度大于传送带的速度，如此在传送带上先做匀减速运动，当速度等于传送带速度时，做匀速直线运动．11．如下列图，物块M通过与斜面平行的细绳与小物块m相连．斜面的倾角α可以改变．讨论物块M对斜面的摩擦力的大小，如此有〔〕A．假设物块M保持静止，如此α角越大，摩擦力一定越大B．假设物块M保持静止，如此α角越大，摩擦力一定越小C．假设物块M沿斜面下滑，如此α角越大，摩擦力越大D．假设物块M沿斜面下滑，如此α角越大，摩擦力越小【考点】摩擦力的判断与计算．【专题】摩擦力专题．【分析】对滑块M受力分析，将力按效果沿着与斜面平行和与斜面垂直方向正交分解，根据平衡条件列式分析各个力．【解答】解：A、B、物体m受到重力mg和拉力T，处于平衡状态，有T=mg对滑块M受力分析，受重力Mg、支持力N、拉力T和静摩擦力f，其中静摩擦力方向取决于拉力T和重力的下滑分量的大小，假设mg＜Mgsinα，如图1；假设mg＞Mgsinα，如图2根据平衡条件，对于图1，有T+f=Mgsinα故α越大，f越大；根据平衡条件，对于图2，有T=f+Mgsinα故α越大，f越小；故A、B均错误；C、D、由于物体M下滑，所以物体所受到滑动摩擦力f，有f=μN又由于是在斜面上，所以f=μmgcosα当α增大时cosα减少〔0～90度〕，所以f减少，故C错误，D正确；应当选：D．【点评】此题关键是对滑块M受力分析，对于摩擦力，要分为静摩擦力和滑动摩擦力两种情况，根据平衡条件得到摩擦力的表达式再进展分析讨论．12．质量为2m的物块A和质量为m的物块B相互接触放在水平面上，如下列图．假设对A 施加水平推力F，如此两物块沿水平方向做加速运动．关于A对B的作用力，如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．假设水平地面光滑，物块A对B的作用力大小为FB．假设水平地面光滑，物块A对B的作用力大小为C．假设物块A与地面间无摩擦，B与地面的动摩擦因数为μ，如此物体A对B的作用力大小为μmgD．假设物块A与地面间无摩擦，B与地面的动摩擦因数为μ，如此物体A对B的作用力大小为【考点】牛顿运动定律的应用-连接体；力的合成与分解的运用．【专题】牛顿运动定律综合专题．【分析】将AB作为整体处理，由牛顿第二定律可得出整体的加速度；再对B物体分析可得出B受到A的作用力．【解答】解：A、假设水平面光滑，如此对整体受力分析可知；F=〔m+2m〕a，解得a=，再对B分析，B水平方向只受A的作用力，由牛顿第二定律可得：T=ma=，故A错误，B正确；假设B和地面有摩擦，对整体分析有：F﹣μmg=3ma′；如此B受力为T′﹣μmg=ma′，解得：T′=μmg+﹣=，故C错误，D正确；应当选BD．【点评】此题为牛顿第二定律中的连接体问题，这种问题注意一般先对整体分析再分析其中受力最少的那一个物体．二．实验题〔4分+9分〕13．一个实验小组在“探究弹力和弹簧伸长的关系〞的实验中，使用两条不同的轻质弹簧a 和b，得到弹力与弹簧长度的图象如下列图．如此： b 弹簧的原长更长， a 弹簧的劲度系数更大．〔填“a〞或“b〞〕【考点】探究弹力和弹簧伸长的关系．【专题】实验题．【分析】根据弹簧弹力与弹簧形变量之间的关系可正确解答．【解答】解：根据胡克定律得：F=kx=k〔L﹣L0〕，其中L0为弹簧的原长，由此可知在F﹣L 图象上横轴截距表示弹簧的原长，从图中横轴截距可以看出b的原长大于a的原长．根据胡克定律得：F=kx=k〔L﹣L0〕，可知图象斜率表示劲度系数的大小，故由图可知a的劲度系数较大．故答案为：b，a．【点评】此题比拟简单考查了胡可定律的应用，做题时需要结合数学知识求解，是一道考查数学与物理结合的好题目．14．物理小组在一次探究活动中测量滑块与木板之间的动摩擦因数．实验装置如图甲所示，打点计时器固定在斜面上，滑块拖着穿过打点计时器的纸带从斜面上由静止滑下．图乙是打出的纸带的一段．〔1〕打点计时器所使用的交流电的频率为50Hz，选A、B、C、D、E、F、G 7个点为计数点，且各计数点间均有一个点没有画出，如此滑块下滑的加速度a= 0.48 m/s2．〔结果保存两位小数〕〔2〕为测量动摩擦因数，如下物理量中还应测量的有AB ．〔填入所选物理量前的字母〕。
2016-2017学年度北京市顺义区高三第二学期第二次统练(二模)理综试卷及答案(精排版)
2016-2017学年度北京市顺义区高三第二学期第二次统练(二模)理综试卷及答案(精排版)顺义区2017届高三第二次统练理科综合能力测试1.我国古农书《齐民要术》中强调，种植农作物时要“正其行（h a ng，通其风）”，此措施对提高农作物的产量有重要意义，因为它利于农作物进行A.细胞呼吸B. 光合作用C. 蒸腾作用D.水分吸收2. 下列有关生物膜结构和功能的叙述，不正确．．．的是A. 动物细胞融合与细胞膜具有一定流动性有关B. 肝细胞膜上存在协助葡萄糖跨膜转运的载体C. 蛋白质在细胞膜内侧和外侧的分布是对称的D. 生物膜间可通过囊泡的转移实现其成分更新3. 下图表示利用农作物①和②培育出⑥的过程，相关叙述中不正确．．．的是A. 在①②⑥之间存在着生殖隔离B. Ⅰ→Ⅴ过程依据的原理是基因重组C. 过程Ⅱ在有丝分裂和减数分裂中均可发生D. Ⅰ→Ⅲ→Ⅵ的过程中要应用植物组织培养技术4. 对于不能进食的病人，需要及时补充葡萄糖，临床上为患者输液时所用的通常是5%的葡萄糖溶液。
下列相关叙述中正确的是 A.会导致患者体内胰岛素的分泌量明显减少 B.会导致抗利尿激素释放量减少，尿量减少Ⅴ ⑥aabb Ⅵ ④Aabb ③AaBb ⑤abⅡ Ⅲ Ⅰ Ⅵ ①AAbb②aaBBC.5%葡萄糖液的渗透压与人血浆渗透压基本相同D.会导致进入血浆的CO2增多，血浆pH明显下降5.某河流因生活污水的大量排放导致蓝藻大量繁殖、水华频发，人工打捞和投放大量化学杀藻剂是常用的治理方法。
近年来，研究者采用投放食浮游植物的鱼类和种植大型挺水植物构建生物修复系统的治理方法，收到较好的效果。
下列相关叙述中正确的是A.杀藻剂处理会导致蓝藻细胞发生定向变异B.此系统中全部的动物和植物构成生物群落C.系统中动植物之间进行着能量流动和物质循环D.大型挺水植物与蓝藻竞争资源能减轻水华发生6. 下列有关说法不正确．．．的是选项 A. B. C. D. 生活中的应用月饼袋内放有小袋铁粉口服补血剂（琥珀酸亚铁）并同时服维生C饼干包装盒内放有小袋硅胶肉制品中添加适量的亚硝酸钠作用铁粉有抗氧化的作用维生素C有防止Fe2+被还原的作用硅胶有吸水的作用亚硝酸钠有防腐的作用7. 氮元素在海洋中的循环，是整个海洋生态系统的基础和关键。
江西省上饶市广丰一中2016届高三上学期第二次月考试题 历史 含答案
广丰一中2015—2016学年上学期第二次阶段性考试高三历史试卷命题人:王新审题人：杨梦礁一：选择题（60分,每小题2分)1.许悼云先生在其《西周史》中说：“商周的封建，事实上是基层地方社群政治权力的延续。
”许先生对“封建”的评价主要是基于A.周初继承了商朝时的地方政治制度B。
周王室众星捧月般政治格局的形成C.依据血缘关系的亲疏远近确定政治权力D.王权无力伸至诸侯所治理的共同体内部2。
有学者指出:“商代邑中居民，甲骨文称为‘邑人’，通常以族氏组织相集约。
”如河南偃师城，“邑中居民各成体系，保持着以族为纽带的较严密分片分等级的居住形式".该材料能够反映的是A。
商代社会各阶层等级差距明显B。
商代社会组织的基本单位是氏族C。
商代平民多居住于城市D。
商代已经实行宗法制度3。
中国古代“从中央到地方，都设立行政、军事、财政、监察、司法、人事等机构，这些机构有繁多的公文程式，有复杂的运行机制，掌握它自然也就成为一种特殊技能,而掌握它的人当然也会成为一个特殊的等级"。
材料主要强调中国古代A．国家权力的分割已经实现B．官僚队伍专业化趋势增强C．中央和地方机构设置复杂D．官员的选举和经验不可分4.清代学者储人文曰“元代分省建置，惟务侈阔，尽废《禹贡》分州，唐宋分道之旧.合河南、河北为一,而黄河之险失；合江南，江北为一，而长江之险失。
故元、明二季流贼之起也，来无所堵,去无所侦，破一县，一府震；破一府，一省震;破一省，各直省皆震。
”在此他认为A．行省制有利于加强中央集权 B.元代行省制导致了国家分裂割据C。
元代行省制克服了唐宋之弊 D.行省制不利于维持地方治安稳定5.明以前各个王朝，凡君主年幼，必定有他的叔父、堂兄这样的人物代为摄政，而明代则规定，皇帝的叔父、兄弟以及除皇太子以外的儿子，一到成年就应当离开京城到自己的封地，谓之“之国”.“之国”的出现A.严重威胁了君主专制制度B。
充分体现了分封制的弊端C.有助于皇权摆脱支系牵制D.加强了中央对地方的监察6．“吃醋"一词源于《隋唐嘉话》的一个典故：唐太宗赐给官员任瓌两名宫女,任瓌之妻柳氏坚决拒之，唐太宗遂召柳氏觐见，让宫女端来一杯醋，谎称毒酒，威胁柳氏若不接受皇命就将之赐死，柳氏毫不犹豫的端起酒杯一饮而尽，唐太宗也无可奈何。
广东省广州六中 2016-2017 学年度第二学期 高二级英语科期中考试试卷
【试卷名称】广州六中2016-2017学年度第二学期高二级英语科期中考试试卷出题人：高二英语备课组审题人：王慧珊预测分：105 本试卷分I卷和II卷两部分，共14页，满分为150+5分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 选择题每小题选了答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
2. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效。
不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
3. 必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
书写工整，涂改规范。
书写分点5分。
I卷（共95分）一. 听力（共两节，满分15分）【试卷原题型】二. 单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）【题型】单项选择16. The disaster is so serious that the people in that area really have a lot of difficulty ________ with their lives.A. with goingB. to go onC. going onD. in going17. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________.A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improvingD. when; improving18. ---- Why didn’t she ask for help at that time?---- You know, at such a midnight, there was no one ________.A. She could turn toB. for whom to turnC. who to turn toD. for her to turn19. The reason ________ at the meeting for being late was not reasonable.A. Why he gaveB. what he gaveC. he gaveD. on which he gave20. I want to use the same tools ________ used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which21. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn’t matter.A. IfB. WhetherC. WhatD. When22. That was the first time I ________ there and I was impressed by the friendly people very much.A. goB. was goingC. had goneD. have gone23. A group of ________ are eating ________ and ________ at the foot of the hill.A. deer; grass; leafB. deer; grass; leavesC. deers; grasses; leafD. deer; grasses; leaves24. Niki is always full of ideas, but ________ is useful to my knowledge.A. nothingB. no oneC. neitherD. none25. The ________ an object is from us, the ________ it looks.A. farther; lessB. further; smallerC. farther away; smallerD. farthest away; smallest26. The bank is reported ________ in the evening newspaper yesterday.A. being robbingB. to be robbedC. having been robbedD. to have been robbed27. ---- The singer together with her band ________ invited to the concert. Did you enjoy that part?---- No, no sooner ________ than they sang their top hit Another Way to Die.A. was; I had leftB. were; I have goneC. was; had I leftD. were; did I leave28. To ret urn to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study ________ in Australia in 2012.A. having conductedB. to be conductedC. conductingD. conducted29. The general at last got a chance to visit the village ________ he used to fight, ________ he had been dreaming of for years.A. that; whichB. where; thatC. in which; whatD. where; which30. With no arrangements reached, the leaders in the six-side talks will spend another two hours, ________ in the hotel, discussing the nuclear problem of North Korea.A. lockingB. having lockedC. lockedD. being locked31. The other day I went past an ancient tower, on ________ roof sat a very beautiful bird I had never seen before.A. whichB. whereC. whoseD. whom32. The photo was taken ________ stood the famous statue, a landmark of the city he paid a visit last July.A. whichB. in whichC. whereD. what33. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s ________ it takes to do anything successfully.A. howB. whichC. whereD. what34. In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ________ in the UK.A. thatB. whatC. oneD. it35. Since the gallery ________ after the brilliant artist was built in honor of his great contribution, it is open to the public for free the whole year.A. being nameB. namedC. to nameD. to be named【参考答案】16-20 CAACC 21-25 BCBDC 26-30 DCDDC 31-35 CCDAB【试卷原题型】三. 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）【题型】阅读理解AGetting a GrantWho Pays?The Local Education Authority ( LEA) for the area in which the student is living.Who Can Get the Money?Anyone who gets a place on a first-degree course, although a student who has already attended acourse of advanced further education may not. Students must also have been resident(常住的) in theUK for at least three years, which can exclude(排除) some students from overseas.Special ClassesIf a Student Has Studied in a College?A student who is 26 0r more before the course starts and who has worked for at least three of theprevious(早先的)six years will get extra money $ 155 a year at 26, increasing to a maximum (最多的)of $ 615 at 29 or more.If a Student Is Handicapped?LEAs will give up to $ 500 to help meet extra expenses-such as buying a tape recorder for blind students, extra heating or special food.Banking?Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts(账户) (in the hope thatthey will stay with the bank when they become rich officials). A student won't usually have to pay bankcharges as long as the account stays in credit (信用). Some banks allow students to overdraw by $ 100or so, and still don't make charges (though they do charge interest).36. The underlined phrased phrase “a grant”in the title most probably means ________.A. bank interestB. a credit cardC. financial aidD. an education fee37. A 31-year-old nurse wishes to qualify as a doctor at a university. She has worked since she was 25. How much extra money will she get a year?A. None.B. $ 155.C. $515.D. $615.38. A big bank offers a new student special services because ________.A. they need student accounts badlyB. they charge students extra interestC. they hope he’ll be a potential customerD. they know he can get money regularly【参考答案】36-38 CDCB（2016四川高考D篇）A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.39. According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.A. started sleep more easilyB. were less activeC. were more anxiousD. woke up later40. Which of the following is TRUE of melatonin according to the text?A. It’s used in sleeping drugs.B. It exists in milk in great amount.C. It can make people more energetic.D. It’s been tested on mice for ten years.41. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Milk Drinking and HealthB. Fat, Sugar and HealthC. An Experiment on MiceD. Night Milk and Sleep42. How does the author support the theme of the text?A. By giving examples.B. By providing research results.C. By explaining statistical data.D. By stating arguments.【参考答案】39-42 CADBCEvery April I am troubled by the same concern-that spring might not occur this year. he landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing gray. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came toMaine 15 years ago. "Just wait," a neighbor advised. "You'll wake up one morning and spring will just be here."And look, on May 3 that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky and forest revealed their purples, blues and green. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward.Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighborhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree's dark twisted branches stretch in unpruned (未经修剪的)abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple.Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a fit of spring madness, I set out with pruner to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under its boughs than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches. These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens.My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak. "You're not cutting it down, are you" Another neighbor frowned as I cut off a branch. "Don't kill it, now," he cautioned.Soon half the neighborhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people's names, what they did for a living and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree gathering us under its boughs for the dual purpose of acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn't help recalling Robert Frost's words:The trees that have it in their pent-up budsTo darken nature and be summer woodsOne thaw(融雪期) led to another. Just the other day I saw one of my neighbors at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood. And then, he looked at me and said, "We need to prune that apple tree again."43. By saying that “my spirits ebb” (Para 1), the author means that _______.A. he feels blueB. he feels relievedC. he is surprisedD. he is tired44. The apple tree mentioned in the passage is most likely to ________.A. have been abandoned by its original ownerB. be regarded as a delight in the neighborhoodC. have been neglected by everyone in the communityD. be appealing only to the author45. According to Para.4, why did the neighbors open their windows and step onto their porches?A. they were surprised that someone unknown was pruning the tree.B. they wanted to prevent the author from pruning the tree.C. they were concerned about the safety of the tree.D. they wanted to get to know the author46. It can be inferred that author’s neighbor mentioned in the last paragraph most cared about _____.A. the neighborhood gatheringB. how to pass the long winterC. when spring would arriveD. the pruning of the apple tree【参考答案】43-46 ABCADTaste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one person’s opinion. But because the two big cola companies—Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola or Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we an alyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’ choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse----only 7 of 27 identified all four samples correctly.While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.47. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ________.A．show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guess-workB．show which cola is more to the liking of the drinkersC．find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s choice of drinkingD．compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks48. It is implied but not stated in the first paragraph that ________.A．the competition between the two colas is very strongB．the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companiesC．the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colasD．blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans49. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that ________.A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two favorite drinksB. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from PepsiC. people’s tastes differ from one anotherD. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi50. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ________.A．argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategyB．show that taste preference is highly subjectiveC．emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each otherD．recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas【参考答案】47-50 CADB【试卷原题型】第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）【题型】七选五Lost in the PostHow would you feel if the letter you penned carefully and posted to your favorite star ended up in the recycling bin? That's where unopened fan mail sent to singer Taylor Swift was found in Nashville. ___51___ Swift’s management said it was an accident, but dealing with piles of letters is a burden for most public figures. According to the BBC reporter Jon Kelly, at the height of his fame, Johnny Depp was said to receive up to 10,000 letters a week. ___52___The dawn of the digital age in which public figures with a Twitter account can be messaged directly has made the process easier. The White House says it deals with 20,000 messages addressed to President Barack Obama each day.Some celebrities don’t want letters. In 2008, Beatles drummer Ringo Starr said that he would throw them out because he was too busy. ___53___ Robert Pattinson, star of the Twilight films, claims that he reads tonnes and tonnes of letters from fans, which takes up almost all his free time.Many artists, however, outsource(外包) the task of opening, reading and replying. Sylvia “Spanky” Taylor, 58, has run a service in California that does just that since 1987. ___54___ Most letters are simply declarations of affection and admiration, she says. A few ask for money. A small number contain threats which require her to contact the celebrity’s security team and law enforcement.The biggest problem for Taylor is working out how to deal with the correspondence(通信). Presents such as soft toys are sent to local hospitals, and most of the letters just get shredded and recycled.___55___ For some, this is enough, according to Lynn Zubernis, an expert at West Chester University. She says that the relationship between fan and celebrity may exist only in the mind of the former but it comes from a deeply-rooted human need for community.A. This incident has caused a wide public concern about how the public figures deal with the letters or mails from the fans.B. She and her staff deal with up to 20,000 items of mail a month on behalf of 26 celebrities.C. Accordingly, the correspondence problem has been difficult for the computer to automate.D. Typically, correspondence is acknowledged by a photo with a printed “signature”.E. How could he have enough time to skim through these letters one by one?F. In fact, there is no alternative to deal with the problem.G. Others do attempt to get through it themselves.【答案】51-55．AEGBD【考点】信息匹配阅读还原句子【解析】51. 根据前面一句中出现的some，可知此句中会出现others，因为这是一个句型。
北京市东城区2016-2017学年度第二学期高三综合练习(二)
北京市东城区2016-2017 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）1．人的苦味受体是一类结构具有多样性的跨膜蛋白，它们与苦味的感知密切相关。
下列有关苦味受体的推测不正确的是．．．A ．由附着在内质网上的核糖体合成B ．位于味觉感受细胞的细胞膜上C．能与不同种类的苦味物质结合D．功能是协助苦味物质进入细胞2．科研人员探究了不同氮素水平对青花菜叶片光合作用的影响，实验结果如表所示，下列分析不正确的是．．．组别1 2 3 4氮素水平（mmol·L -1）5（低氮）10（中氮）15（偏高）20（高氮）叶绿素含量气孔导度胞间 CO2浓度净光合速率-2）（ mmol·m-2 -1）-1-2 -1）（μg·cm·s（μL·L）（μmol·m·s860.6830819.4990.8430420.71030.8530121.41030.8429522.0A．氮是叶绿素的组成元素，适当增施氮肥有利于叶绿素的合成B．在 2、3、 4 组中，气孔导度不是限制净光合速率升高的因素C．第 4 组的净光合速率高于第 3 组，与胞间CO2浓度下降密切相关D．一定范围内增大氮素浓度，可提高青花菜叶片的净光合速率3．普通草蛉和下通草蛉属于两种草蛉，在北美生活在同一地域。
普通草蛉在春夏是浅绿色，秋天变成棕色，前半年生活在多草地区，秋天迁移到落叶树林中，在夏天和冬天繁殖。
下通草蛉则全年都是深绿色，居住在常绿林中，在春天繁殖。
下列分析合理的是A ．两种草蛉之间既有地理隔离又有生殖隔离B．两种草蛉的体色形成与它们的栖息环境无关C．两种草蛉在生态系统中所处的营养级是不同的D．两种草蛉的生殖隔离与栖息地偏好、繁殖时间的差异有关4．视网膜母细胞瘤基因（R）是一种抑癌基因，杂合子（Rr）仍具有抑癌功能。
杂合子在个体发育过程中，一旦体细胞的杂合性丢失形成纯合子（rr ）或半合子（ r），就会失去抑癌的功能而导致恶性转化。
2024-2025学年北京市第二中学高三上学期开学测试数学试题(含答案)
2024-2025学年北京市第二中学高三上学期开学测试数学试题一、单选题：本题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知全集U =R ，集合M ={x |x 2−2x−3≤0}和N ={x|x =2k−1,k =1,2,⋯}的关系的韦恩(Venn)图如图所示，则阴影部分所示的集合的元素共有( )A. 3个B. 2个C. 1个D. 无穷多个2.若m,n 是两条不同的直线，α,β,γ是三个不同的平面，则下列命题正确的是( )A. 若m ⊂β,α⊥β，则m ⊥α B. 若α⊥γ,α⊥β，则β//γC. 若m ⊥β,m//α，则α⊥βD. 若m//α,n//α，则m//n3.设a =log 30.4,b =log 43,c =30.4，则( )A. a <c <bB. b <c <aC. a <b <cD. b <a <c4.已知函数f(x)的定义域为R.当x <0时，f(x)=x 3−1；当−1≤x ≤1时，f(−x)=−f(x)；当x >12时，f(x +12)=f(x−12).则f(6)=A. −2B. −1C. 0D. 25.定义在(−∞,+∞)上的任意函数f (x )都可以表示成一个奇函数g (x )和一个偶函数ℎ(x )之和，如果f(x)=lg(10x +1)，x ∈(−∞,+∞)，那么( )A. g(x)=x ，ℎ(x)=lg(10x +10−x +2)B. g(x)=12[lg(10x +1)+x ]，ℎ(x)=12[lg(10x +1)−x ]C. g(x)=x2，ℎ(x)=lg(10x +1)−x2D. g(x)=−x2，ℎ(x)=lg(10x +1)+x26.设x 为实数，则“x <0”是“x +1x ≤−2”的A. 充分而不必要条件 B. 必要而不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件7.用数字0，1，2，3，4，5组成没有重复数字的五位数，其中比40000大的偶数共有A. 144个B. 120个C. 96个D. 72个8.按照“碳达峰”､“碳中和”的实现路径，2030年为碳达峰时期，2060年实现碳中和，到2060年，纯电动汽车在整体汽车中的渗透率有望超过70%，新型动力电池迎来了蓬勃发展的风口．Peukert于1898年提出蓄电池的容量C(单位：Aℎ)，放电时间t(单位：ℎ)与放电电流I(单位：A)之间关系的经验公式：C=I n⋅t，其中n为Peukert常数，为了测算某蓄电池的Peukert常数n，在电池容量不变的条件下，当放电电流I=20A时，放电时间t=20ℎ；当放电电流I=30A时，放电时间t=10ℎ.则该蓄电池的Peukert常数n大约为()(参考数据：lg2≈0.30，lg3≈0.48)A. 43B. 53C. 83D. 29.已知定义在R上的函数y=f(x)满足：函数y=f(x−1)的图象关于直线x=1对称，且当x∈(−∞,0)时，f(x)+xf′(x)<0成立(f′(x)是函数f(x)的导函数)，若a=(sinπ6)f(sinπ6)，b=(ln2)f(ln2)，c=2f(log1214)，则a，b，c的大小关系是( )A. a>b>cB. b>a>cC. c>a>bD. a>c>b10.已知函数f(x)={x2+(4a−3)x+3a,x<0,log a(x+1)+1,x≥0,(a>0，且a≠1)在(−∞,+∞)上单调递减，且函数g(x)= |f(x)|+x−2恰好有两个零点，则a的取值范围是( )A. [13,23]∪{34}B. [13,23)∪{34}C. (0,23]D. [23,34]二、填空题：本题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。
2021-2022学年第二学期第二次阶段测试卷NT
2021-2022学年第二学期第二次阶段测试卷NTDirections: There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The question will be spoken only once.1. A. A testing system. B. A monitor system. C. A measuring system. D. A control system.2. A. Car prices. B. Car services. C. The company’s business. D. The company’s culture.3. A. It’s easy to do. B. It’s challenging. C. He can geta high pay. D. He did the same job before.4. A. She’ll meet a friend. B. She’ll take a flight.C. She’ll attend an interview at 5:00.D. She’ll see a doctor before 5:00.5. A. She will report the complaint to the manager. B. The manager refused to talk to the man.C. The manager was on a business trip.D. She will deal with the complaint. Section BDirections: There are 2 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there are some recorded questions. Both theconversations and questions will be spoken two times.Conversation 16. A. Breakfast. B. Dinner. C. A 5 dollar gift card. D. Bus service to the airport.7. A. His member card. B. His driving license. C. His credit card. D. His passport.Conversation 28. A. The telephone is out of order. B. The line is busy.C. He is at a meeting.D. He won’t be back until next Monday.9. A. It has been canceled. B. It will arrive on time.C. It has been delayed.D. It will arrive ahead of schedule.10. A. Make an appointment with her. B. Talk with her abouta new order.C. Send her an email about the shipment.D. Call her back when receiving the shipment. Section CDirections: You will hear a short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read two times.Growing up can be hard 11 where crime is common. That is the situation Marco Antonio Aguilar 12 when he started at Garfield High School in Los Angeles, California. The boy hated 13. He says he had the 14 , often missed classes and even got into flights. 15 the teachers that I receiving, knowing that they did care about me, the school did really help me, Aguilar recalls.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (20%) 选择题和填空题（共20题,每题1分,共20分）Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices.16. I often ______ the cooking for my family, but recently I have been too busy to do it.A. will doB. doC. am doingD. had done17. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense -- so many things will have changed by next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made18. It was strange _______ she left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how19. I have two hobbies. One is fishing, ____ is cooking.A.anotherB. the otherC. elseD. other20. The man told me that by the end of the week he _______ away from his hometown for 20 years.A. has beenB. will have beenC. is to beD. would have been21. No sooner _______ than they began to work.A. they had arrivedB. they would arriveC. had they arrivedD. would they arrive22. The American Red Cross is one of the volunteer organizations _______ purpose is to help the sick and the needy. A. its B. that C. who D. whose23. It is the general manager who makes the _______decisions in business. A. beginning B. finishing C. first D. final24. The manager showed the new employee _______ to find the supplies.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. which25. Nothing can prevent him _____ learning Chinese painting. A. from B. by C. out D. inSection BDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets.26. I like Chinese food very much. It is ________ ( difference/different) from America.27. Miller is a(n) ______(/dishonest/honest) person, and we don’t trust him.28. I am _______(interest/interested) in this movie. I want to watch it again.29. Don’t open the window, and keep it ______(close/closed) please.30. Tom had just attended his son’s _______ (graduation/graduate) in Harvard University.31. I feel like _______ (go/going) to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.32. _______ (Personal/Personally), I think he is a very nice partner, though you may not agree.33. Please show me the photos _______ (take/taken) in Tibet.34. It is easy _______ (say/to say) thi ngs, but it’s hard to do them.35. Many people find telephone interviews______ (difficult/more difficult) than face-to-face interviews.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (35%)阅读理解题（共20题, 36-45每题2分 46-60每题1分，共35分）Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the task as you are instructed.Task 1Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had not legs but stumps (残肢) that could be fitted with a kind of special boots. People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at him and called him ―Ape Man‖(猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of theusual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way though college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheelchair.Hank felt himself get cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs (假肢). Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror. For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be - a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room, and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.When World War II came, he talked the Red Crossing into givinghim a job. He took the regular training. He marched and drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless. This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.36. Children laughed at Hank and called him ―Ape Man‖ because _______.A. he didn’t talk to themB. he kept away from themC. his arms touched the ground when he movedD. he co uldn’t use his arms37. It can be inferred from the story five feet eight inches tall is ________.A. an average height for a fully grown personB. too tall for an average personC. too short for an average personD. None of the above38. The sentence ―he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job‖ implies that the Red Cross _______.A. was only glad to give him a jobB. gave him a job because he was a good soldierC. gave him a job after he talked to someone he knewD. was not willing to give him a job at first39. When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers, he ____.A. did everything the other soldiers didB. did most of the things the other soldiers didC. did some of the things the other soldiers didD. took some special training40. The writer suggests that Hank Viscardi _________.A. had no friendsB. never saw himself as different from othersC. was very shyD. was too proud to accept help from othersTask 2In the United States, when a person becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what ―keeping up with the Joneses‖ is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look a s rich as his neighbors.The expression was first used in 1913 by a young Americancalled Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horse-riding everyday. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it ―Keeping up with the Joneses‖ because ―Jones‖ is a very common name in the Untie States. ―Keep up with the Joneses‖ came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.People never seem to get tried of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are ―Joneses‖ in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.41. Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they _____.A. want to be as rich as their neighborsB. want others to know or to think that they are richC. don’t want others to know they are richD. want to be happy42. It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to _____.A. live outside New York CityB. live in New York CityC. live in apartmentsD. have many neighbors43. The underlined word ― neighborhood‖ in Para.2 means ________.A. a person who lives near anotherB. people living in an areaC. an area near the place referred toD. an area in another town or city44. Arthur Momand used the name ―Jones‖ in his series of shortstories because ―Jones‖ is __________.A. an important nameB. a popular name in the United StatesC. his neighbor’s nameD. not a good name45. According to the writer, it is _____ to keep up with the Joneses.A. correctB. interestingC. impossibleD. goodTask 3Directions: The following is a passage. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it. You should write your answers (in no more than 3 words) briefly.Freezing can keep food fresh and safe to eat. Freezing lowers the food temperature below zero degree Celsius(摄氏). The simplest way to prepare fruits is to cut them up and place them in a container inside the freezer, in some cases it is better to permit the fruit to freeze before putting it in the container. This will keep it from stick ing to the container. This is called the ―dry pack‖ method. The second way is the ―wet pack‖ method. The fruit is prepared alongwith some of its liquid or juice. You can add some sugar to fruits that are naturally juicy. The sugar sweetens the fruit and brings out its natural juice. Once foods have been unfrozen, they should not be frozen again. There is a danger of food poisoning if food is frozen more than once.Task 4Directions: The following is a list of airport terms. After reading it, you are required to find the Chinese equivalents in the table below.A— knowledge workB— overall job growth rateC— corporate strategyD— outsourceE— cloud computingF— construction of senior communitiesG— assisted – living facilitiesH— by some countsI— clean – energy projectsJ— capping carbon emissionK— Earth shipL— Heating controlExample: (K) 地球之船 (L) 暖气控制51. ( ) 限制碳排放52.（）清洁能源项目53. ( ) 在某种意义上54.（）生活辅助设施55. ( ) 老年社区建设56.（）云集计算57. ( ) 服务外包58.（）企业发展战略59. ( ) 总的工作增长率 60.（）知识型工作Part Ⅳ Translation (15%) 翻译题（共5题,每题3分 ,共15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.61. He cuts through a forest to get to school.62. Science has brought about many changes in our lives.63. The members agree to modify the policy of recruiting new members.64. Most of the big cities in the world suffer from traffic jam.65. Millions of people in Africa every year struggle for food.Part Ⅴ Writing (15%) 写作题（共1题,每题15分，共15分）Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write a letter according to the instructions given in Chinese below. 假设你是李浩，昨天下午你的朋友李铭来北京出差，并来看望你。
高三数学上学期第二次月考试卷 理(含解析)-人教版高三全册数学试题
2015-2016学年某某省马某某市红星中学高三（上）第二次月考数学试卷（理科）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给同的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．设全集U是实数集R，M={x|y=ln（x2﹣2x） }，N={y|y=}，则图中阴影部分表示的集合是( )A．{x|﹣2≤x＜2} B．{x|1＜x≤2}C．{x|1≤x≤2}D．{x|x＜1}2．已知函数f（x）=且f（a）=﹣3，则f（6﹣a）=( ) A．﹣B．﹣C．﹣D．﹣3．给出如下命题，正确的序号是( )A．命题：∀x∈R，x2≠x的否定是：∃x0∈R，使得x02≠xB．命题：若x≥2且y≥3，则x+y≥5的否命题为：若x＜2且y＜3，则x+y＜5C．若ω=1是函数f（x）=cosωx在区间[0，π]上单调递减的充分不必要条件D．命题：∃x0∈R，x02+a＜0为假命题，则实数a的取值X围是a＞04．已知某几何体的三视图如图所示，其中，正（主）视图，侧（左）视图均是由三角形与半圆构成，俯视图由圆与内接三角形构成，根据图中的数据可得此几何体的体积为( )A．B．C．D．5．设F1、F2为椭圆+y2=1的左、右焦点，过椭圆中心任作一直线与椭圆交于P、Q两点，当四边形PF1QF2面积最大时，•的值等于( )A．0 B．2 C．4 D．﹣26．设a=log37，b=21.1，c=0.83.1，则( )A．b＜a＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．a＜c＜b7．执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入P=153，Q=63，则输出的P的值是( )A．2 B．3 C．9 D．278．若点（16，tanθ）在函数y=log2x的图象上，则=( ) A．B．C．4 D．49．已知函数f（x）=（）x﹣log3x，若实数x0是方程f（x）=0的解，且x0＜x1，则f（x1）的值( )A．恒为负B．等于零C．恒为正D．不大于零10．已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，过点P（n，S n）和Q（n+1，S n+1）（n∈N*）的直线的斜率为3n﹣2，则a2+a4+a5+a9的值等于( )A．52 B．40 C．26 D．2011．函数y=e|lnx|﹣|x﹣1|的图象大致是( )A．B． C．D．12．已知定义在R上的奇函数f（x），其导函数为f′（x），对任意正实数x满足xf′（x）＞2f（﹣x），若g（x）=x2f（x），则不等式g（x）＜g（1﹣3x）的解集是( )A．（，+∞）B．（﹣∞，）C．（0，）D．（﹣∞，）∪（，+∞）二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分.13．计算：（）+lg+lg70+=__________．14．设变量x，y满足约束条件，则z=x﹣3y的最小值是__________．15．已知定义在R上的奇函数f（x）满足f（x﹣4）=﹣f（x），且在区间[0，2]上是增函数．若方程f（x）=m（m＞0）在区间[﹣8，8]上有四个不同的根x1，x2，x3，x4，则x1+x2+x3+x4=__________．16．关于函数f（x）=（x≠0），有下列命题：①f（x）的最小值是lg2；②其图象关于y轴对称；③当x＞0时，f（x）是增函数；当x＜0时，f（x）是减函数；④f（x）在区间（﹣1，0）和（1，+∞）上是增函数，其中所有正确结论的序号是__________．三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤．17．已知p：|1﹣|≤2；q：x2﹣2x+1﹣m2≤0（m＞0），若￢p是￢q的必要不充分条件，某某数m的取值X围．18．已知函数f（x）=﹣x2+2ex+m﹣1，g（x）=x+（x＞0）．（1）若y=g（x）﹣m有零点，求m的取值X围；（2）确定m的取值X围，使得g（x）﹣f（x）=0有两个相异实根．19．已知函数f（x）=log a（x+1）（a＞1），若函数y=g（x）的图象上任意一点P关于原点的对称点Q的轨迹恰好是函数f（x）的图象．（1）写出函数g（x）的解析式；（2）当x∈[0，1）时，总有f（x）+g（x）≥m成立，求m的取值X围．20．某机床厂今年初用98万元购进一台数控机床，并立即投入使用，计划第一年维修、保养费用12万元，从第二年开始，每年的维修、保养修费用比上一年增加4万元，该机床使用后，每年的总收入为50万元，设使用x年后数控机床的盈利总额y元．（1）写出y与x之间的函数关系式；（2）从第几年开始，该机床开始盈利？（3）使用若干年后，对机床的处理有两种方案：①当年平均盈利额达到最大值时，以30万元价格处理该机床；②当盈利额达到最大值时，以12万元价格处理该机床．问哪种方案处理较为合理？请说明理由．21．已知函数f（x）=+xlnx，g（x）=x3﹣x2﹣3．（1）讨论函数h（x）=的单调性；（2）如果对任意的s，t∈[，2]，都有f（s）≥g（t）成立，某某数a的取值X围．四、选做题：请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分．22．已知曲线C1的参数方程是（θ为参数）以坐标原点为极点，x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C2的极坐标方程是ρ=﹣4cosθ．（1）求曲线C1与C2交点的极坐标；（2）A、B两点分别在曲线C1与C2上，当|AB|最大时，求△OAB的面积（O为坐标原点）．23．已知不等式|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|＞a．（1）当a=0时，求不等式的解集（2）若不等式在区间[﹣4，2]内无解．某某数a的取值X围．2015-2016学年某某省马某某市红星中学高三（上）第二次月考数学试卷（理科）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给同的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．设全集U是实数集R，M={x|y=ln（x2﹣2x） }，N={y|y=}，则图中阴影部分表示的集合是( )A．{x|﹣2≤x＜2} B．{x|1＜x≤2}C．{x|1≤x≤2}D．{x|x＜1}【考点】Venn图表达集合的关系及运算．【专题】应用题；集合思想；定义法；集合．【分析】由图知，阴影部分表示的集合中的元素是在集合N中的元素但不在集合M中的元素组成的，即N∩C U M．【解答】解：由韦恩图知阴影部分表示的集合为N∩（C U M）M={x|y=ln（x2﹣2x） }∴x2﹣2x＞0，解得x＜0，或x＞2，∴M={x|x＜0，或x＞2}，∴C U M={x|0≤x≤2}=[0，2]，N={y|y=}={y|y≥1}=[1，+∞），∴N∩（C U M）=[1，2]，故选：C【点评】本小题主要考查Venn图表达集合的关系及运算、二次不等式的解法等基础知识，属于基础题2．已知函数f（x）=且f（a）=﹣3，则f（6﹣a）=( ) A．﹣B．﹣C．﹣D．﹣【考点】分段函数的应用；函数的零点．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】由f（a）=﹣3，结合指数和对数的运算性质，求得a=7，再由分段函数求得f（6﹣a）的值．【解答】解：函数f（x）=且f（a）=﹣3，若a≤1，则2a﹣1﹣2=﹣3，即有2a﹣1=﹣1＜0，方程无解；若a＞1，则﹣log2（a+1）=﹣3，解得a=7，则f（6﹣a）=f（﹣1）=2﹣1﹣1﹣2=﹣．故选：A．【点评】本题考查分段函数的运用：求函数值，主要考查指数和对数的运算性质，属于中档题．3．给出如下命题，正确的序号是( )A．命题：∀x∈R，x2≠x的否定是：∃x0∈R，使得x02≠xB．命题：若x≥2且y≥3，则x+y≥5的否命题为：若x＜2且y＜3，则x+y＜5C．若ω=1是函数f（x）=cosωx在区间[0，π]上单调递减的充分不必要条件D．命题：∃x0∈R，x02+a＜0为假命题，则实数a的取值X围是a＞0【考点】命题的真假判断与应用．【专题】计算题；规律型；简易逻辑．【分析】利用命题的否定判断A的正误；四种命题的逆否关系判断B的正误；充要条件判断C 的正误；命题的真假判断D的正误；【解答】解：对于A，命题：∀x∈R，x2≠x的否定是：∃x0∈R，使得x02≠x0，不满足命题的否定形式，所以不正确；对于B，命题：若x≥2且y≥3，则x+y≥5的否命题为：若x＜2且y＜3，则x+y＜5，不满足否命题的形式，所以不正确；对于C，若ω=1是函数f（x）=cosx在区间[0，π]上单调递减的，而函数f（x）=cosωx在区间[0，π]上单调递减的，ω≤1，所以ω=1是函数f（x）=cosωx在区间[0，π]上单调递减的充分不必要条件，正确．对于D，命题：∃x0∈R，x02+a＜0为假命题，则命题：a≥0，∀x∈R，x2+a≥0是真命题；所以，命题：∃x0∈R，x02+a＜0为假命题，则实数a的取值X围是a＞0，不正确；故选：C．【点评】本题考查命题的真假的判断与应用，基本知识的考查．4．已知某几何体的三视图如图所示，其中，正（主）视图，侧（左）视图均是由三角形与半圆构成，俯视图由圆与内接三角形构成，根据图中的数据可得此几何体的体积为( )A．B．C．D．【考点】由三视图求面积、体积．【专题】图表型．【分析】先由三视图还原成原来的几何体，再根据三视图中的长度关系，找到几何体中的长度关系，进而可以求几何体的体积．【解答】解：由三视图可得该几何体的上部分是一个三棱锥，下部分是半球，所以根据三视图中的数据可得：V=××=，故选C．【点评】本题考点是由三视图求几何体的面积、体积，考查对三视图的理解与应用，主要考查三视图与实物图之间的关系，用三视图中的数据还原出实物图的数据，再根据相关的公式求表面积与体积，本题求的是组合体的体积，一般组合体的体积要分部分来求．三视图的投影规则是：“主视、俯视长对正；主视、左视高平齐，左视、俯视宽相等”．三视图是高考的新增考点，不时出现在高考试题中，应予以重视．5．设F1、F2为椭圆+y2=1的左、右焦点，过椭圆中心任作一直线与椭圆交于P、Q两点，当四边形PF1QF2面积最大时，•的值等于( )A．0 B．2 C．4 D．﹣2【考点】椭圆的简单性质．【专题】计算题．【分析】通过题意可推断出当P、Q分别在椭圆短轴端点时，四边形PF1QF2面积最大．进而可根据椭圆的方程求得焦点的坐标和P的坐标，进而求得和，则•的值可求得．【解答】解：根据题意可知当P、Q分别在椭圆短轴端点时，四边形PF1QF2面积最大．这时，F1（﹣，0），F2（，0），P（0，1），∴=（﹣，﹣1），=（，﹣1），∴•=﹣2．故选D【点评】本题主要考查了椭圆的简单性质．考查了学生数形结合的思想和分析问题的能力．6．设a=log37，b=21.1，c=0.83.1，则( )A．b＜a＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．a＜c＜b【考点】对数值大小的比较．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】分别讨论a，b，c的取值X围，即可比较大小．【解答】解：1＜log37＜2，b=21.1＞2，c=0.83.1＜1，则c＜a＜b，故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查函数值的大小比较，根据指数和对数的性质即可得到结论．7．执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入P=153，Q=63，则输出的P的值是( )A．2 B．3 C．9 D．27【考点】程序框图．【专题】图表型；算法和程序框图．【分析】模拟执行程序，依次写出每次循环得到的R，P，Q的值，当Q=0时，满足条件Q=0，退出循环，输出P的值为3．【解答】解：模拟执行程序，可得P=153，Q=63不满足条件Q=0，R=27，P=63，Q=27不满足条件Q=0，R=9，P=27，Q=9不满足条件Q=0，R=0，P=9，Q=0满足条件Q=0，退出循环，输出P的值为9．故选：C．【点评】本题主要考查了程序框图和算法，依次写出每次循环得到的R，P，Q的值是解题的关键，属于基本知识的考查．8．若点（16，tanθ）在函数y=log2x的图象上，则=( ) A．B．C．4 D．4【考点】三角函数的化简求值．【专题】计算题；转化思想；转化法；三角函数的求值．【分析】先根据对数的运算性质求出tanθ，再化简代值计算即可．【解答】解：点（16，tanθ）在函数y=log2x的图象上，∴tanθ=log216=4，∴====，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了二倍角公式，函数值的求法，以及对数的运算性质，属于基础题．9．已知函数f（x）=（）x﹣log3x，若实数x0是方程f（x）=0的解，且x0＜x1，则f（x1）的值( )A．恒为负B．等于零C．恒为正D．不大于零【考点】函数的零点与方程根的关系．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】由函数的性质可知，f（x）=（）x﹣log3x在（0，+∞）上是减函数，且可得f（x0）=0，由0＜x0＜x1，可得f（x1）＜f（x0）=0，即可判断【解答】解：∵实数x0是方程f（x）=0的解，∴f（x0）=0．∵函数y（）x，y=log3x在（0，+∞）上分别具有单调递减、单调递增，∴函数f（x）在（0，+∞）上是减函数．又∵0＜x0＜x1，∴f（x1）＜f（x0）=0．∴f（x1）的值恒为负．故选A．【点评】本题主要考查了函数的单调性的简单应用，解题的关键是准确判断函数f（x）的单调性并能灵活应用．10．已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，过点P（n，S n）和Q（n+1，S n+1）（n∈N*）的直线的斜率为3n﹣2，则a2+a4+a5+a9的值等于( )A．52 B．40 C．26 D．20【考点】数列的求和．【专题】等差数列与等比数列．【分析】首先根据题中的已知条件已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，过点P（n，S n）和Q（n+1，S n+1）（n∈N*）的直线的斜率为3n﹣2，进一步求出数列的通项公式，然后根据通项公式求出各项的值，最后确定结果．【解答】解：已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，过点P（n，S n）和Q（n+1，S n+1）（n∈N*）的直线的斜率为3n﹣2则：∴a n=3n﹣5a2+a4+a5+a9=40故选：B【点评】本题考查的知识点：根据点的斜率求出数列的通项公式，由通项公式求数列的项．11．函数y=e|lnx|﹣|x﹣1|的图象大致是( )A．B． C．D．【考点】对数的运算性质；函数的图象与图象变化．【分析】根据函数y=e|lnx|﹣|x﹣1|知必过点（1，1），再对函数进行求导观察其导数的符号进而知原函数的单调性，得到答案．【解答】解：由y=e|lnx|﹣|x﹣1|可知：函数过点（1，1），当0＜x＜1时，y=e﹣lnx﹣1+x=+x﹣1，y′=﹣+1＜0．∴y=e﹣lnx﹣1+x为减函数；若当x＞1时，y=e lnx﹣x+1=1，故选D．【点评】本题主要考查函数的求导与函数单调性的关系．12．已知定义在R上的奇函数f（x），其导函数为f′（x），对任意正实数x满足xf′（x）＞2f（﹣x），若g（x）=x2f（x），则不等式g（x）＜g（1﹣3x）的解集是( )A．（，+∞）B．（﹣∞，）C．（0，）D．（﹣∞，）∪（，+∞）【考点】函数奇偶性的性质．【专题】转化思想；数学模型法；函数的性质及应用；导数的综合应用．【分析】f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，可得：f（﹣x）=﹣f（x）．对任意正实数x满足xf′（x）＞2f（﹣x），可得：xf′（x）+2f（x）＞0，由g（x）=x2f（x），可得g′（x）＞0．可得函数g（x）在（0，+∞）上单调递增．即可得出．【解答】解：∵f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，∴f（﹣x）=﹣f（x）．对任意正实数x满足xf′（x）＞2f（﹣x），∴xf′（x）+2f（x）＞0，∵g（x）=x2f（x），∴g′（x）=2xf（x）+x2f′（x）＞0．∴函数g（x）在（0，+∞）上单调递增．又g（0）=0，g（﹣x）=x2f（﹣x）=﹣g（x），∴函数g（x）是R上的奇函数，∴g（x）是R上的增函数．由不等式g（x）＜g（1﹣3x），∴x＜1﹣3x，解得．∴不等式g（x）＜g（1﹣3x）的解集为：．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了函数的奇偶性与单调性，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于中档题．二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分.13．计算：（）+lg+lg70+=．【考点】对数的运算性质；有理数指数幂的化简求值．【专题】计算题；函数思想；定义法；函数的性质及应用．【分析】根据对数和幂的运算性质计算即可．【解答】解：（）+lg+lg70+=+lg（）+1﹣lg3=+lg+1=+1+1=，故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了对数和幂的运算性质，关键是掌握性质，属于基础题．14．设变量x，y满足约束条件，则z=x﹣3y的最小值是﹣8．【考点】简单线性规划．【专题】不等式的解法及应用．【分析】将z=x﹣3y变形为，此式可看作是斜率为，纵截距为的一系列平行直线，当最大时，z最小．作出原不等式组表示的平面区域，让直线向此平面区域平移，可探求纵截距的最大值．【解答】解：由z=x﹣3y，得，此式可看作是斜率为，纵截距为的直线，当最大时，z最小．画出直线y=x，x+2y=2，x=﹣2，从而可标出不等式组表示的平面区域，如右图所示．由图知，当动直线经过点P时，z最小，此时由，得P（﹣2，2），从而z min=﹣2﹣3×2=﹣8，即z=x﹣3y的最小值是﹣8．故答案为：﹣8．【点评】本题考查了线性规划的应用，为高考常考的题型，求解此类问题的一般步骤是：（1）作出已知不等式组表示的平面区域；（2）运用化归思想及数形结合思想，将目标函数的最值问题转化为平面中几何量的最值问题处理．15．已知定义在R上的奇函数f（x）满足f（x﹣4）=﹣f（x），且在区间[0，2]上是增函数．若方程f（x）=m（m＞0）在区间[﹣8，8]上有四个不同的根x1，x2，x3，x4，则x1+x2+x3+x4=﹣8．【考点】奇偶性与单调性的综合；函数的周期性．【专题】数形结合．【分析】由条件“f（x﹣4）=﹣f（x）”得f（x+8）=f（x），说明此函数是周期函数，又是奇函数，且在[0，2]上为增函数，由这些画出示意图，由图可解决问题．【解答】解：此函数是周期函数，又是奇函数，且在[0，2]上为增函数，综合条件得函数的示意图，由图看出，四个交点中两个交点的横坐标之和为2×（﹣6），另两个交点的横坐标之和为2×2，所以x1+x2+x3+x4=﹣8．故答案为﹣8．【点评】数形结合是数学解题中常用的思想方法，能够变抽象思维为形象思维，有助于把握数学问题的本质；另外，由于使用了数形结合的方法，很多问题便迎刃而解，且解法简捷．16．关于函数f（x）=（x≠0），有下列命题：①f（x）的最小值是lg2；②其图象关于y轴对称；③当x＞0时，f（x）是增函数；当x＜0时，f（x）是减函数；④f（x）在区间（﹣1，0）和（1，+∞）上是增函数，其中所有正确结论的序号是①②④．【考点】命题的真假判断与应用；奇偶性与单调性的综合．【专题】函数思想；定义法；函数的性质及应用．【分析】是结合复合函数单调性的关系进行判断．②根据基本由函数奇偶性的定义判断函数为偶函数判断；③利用对勾函数的单调性判断；④由对勾函数的最值及函数奇偶性的性质进行判断即可．【解答】解：①函数f（x）=lg，（x∈R且x≠0）．∵=2，∴f（x）=lg≥2，即f（x）的最小值是lg2，故①正确，②∵f（﹣x）==f（x），∴函数f（x）为偶函数，图象关于y轴对称，故②正确；③当x＞0时，t（x）=，在（0，1）上单调递减，在（1，+∞）上得到递增，∴f（x）=lg在（0，1）上单调递减，在（1，+∞）上得到递增，故③错误；④∵函数f（x）是偶函数，由③知f（x）在（0，1）上单调递减，在（1，+∞）上得到递增，∴在（﹣1，0）上单调递增，在（﹣∞，﹣1）上得到递减，故④正确，故答案为：①②④【点评】本题考查了命题的真假判断与应用，考查了函数奇偶性的性质，考查了复合函数的单调性，是中档题．三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤．17．已知p：|1﹣|≤2；q：x2﹣2x+1﹣m2≤0（m＞0），若￢p是￢q的必要不充分条件，某某数m的取值X围．【考点】必要条件；绝对值不等式的解法．【专题】规律型．【分析】先求出命题p，q的等价条件，利用￢p是￢q的必要不充分条件转化为q是p的必要不充分条件，建立条件关系即可求出m的取值X围．【解答】解：由||=，得|x﹣4|≤6，即﹣6≤x﹣4≤6，∴﹣2≤x≤10，即p：﹣2≤x≤10，由x2+2x+1﹣m2≤0得[x+（1﹣m）][x+（1+m）]≤0，即1﹣m≤x≤1+m，（m＞0），∴q：1﹣m≤x≤1+m，（m＞0），∵￢p是￢q的必要不充分条件，∴q是p的必要不充分条件．即，且等号不能同时取，∴，解得m≥9．【点评】本题主要考查充分条件和必要条件的应用，将￢p是￢q的必要不充分条件转化为q 是p的必要不充分条件是解决本题的关键．18．已知函数f（x）=﹣x2+2ex+m﹣1，g（x）=x+（x＞0）．（1）若y=g（x）﹣m有零点，求m的取值X围；（2）确定m的取值X围，使得g（x）﹣f（x）=0有两个相异实根．【考点】函数零点的判定定理；根的存在性及根的个数判断．【专题】计算题；函数的性质及应用；导数的综合应用；不等式的解法及应用．【分析】（1）由基本不等式可得g（x）=x+≥2=2e，从而求m的取值X围；（2）令F（x）=g（x）﹣f（x）=x++x2﹣2ex﹣m+1，求导F′（x）=1﹣+2x﹣2e=（x﹣e）（+2）；从而判断函数的单调性及最值，从而确定m的取值X围．【解答】解：（1）∵g（x）=x+≥2=2e；（当且仅当x=，即x=e时，等号成立）∴若使函数y=g（x）﹣m有零点，则m≥2e；故m的取值X围为[2e，+∞）；（2）令F（x）=g（x）﹣f（x）=x++x2﹣2ex﹣m+1，F′（x）=1﹣+2x﹣2e=（x﹣e）（+2）；故当x∈（0，e）时，F′（x）＜0，x∈（e，+∞）时，F′（x）＞0；故F（x）在（0，e）上是减函数，在（e，+∞）上是增函数，故只需使F（e）＜0，即e+e+e2﹣2e2﹣m+1＜0；故m＞2e﹣e2+1．【点评】本题考查了基本不等式的应用及导数的综合应用，同时考查了函数零点的判断与应用，属于中档题．19．已知函数f（x）=log a（x+1）（a＞1），若函数y=g（x）的图象上任意一点P关于原点的对称点Q的轨迹恰好是函数f（x）的图象．（1）写出函数g（x）的解析式；（2）当x∈[0，1）时，总有f（x）+g（x）≥m成立，求m的取值X围．【考点】求对数函数解析式；函数解析式的求解及常用方法；函数最值的应用．【专题】计算题；转化思想．【分析】（1）由已知条件可知函数g（x）的图象上的任意一点P（x，y）关于原点对称的点Q （﹣x，﹣y）在函数f（x）图象上，把Q（﹣x，﹣y）代入f（x），整理可得g（x）（2）由（1）可令h（x）=f（x）+g（x），先判断函数h（x）在[0，1）的单调性，进而求得函数的最小值h（x）min，使得m≤h（x）min【解答】解：（1）设点P（x，y）是g（x）的图象上的任意一点，则Q（﹣x，﹣y）在函数f （x）的图象上，即﹣y=log a（﹣x+1），则∴（2）f（x）+g（x）≥m 即，也就是在[0，1）上恒成立．设，则由函数的单调性易知，h（x）在[0，1）上递增，若使f（x）+g（x）≥m在[0，1）上恒成立，只需h（x）min≥m在[0，1）上成立，即m≤0．m的取值X围是（﹣∞，0]【点评】本题（1）主要考查了函数的中心对称问题：若函数y=f（x）与y=g（x）关于点M （a，b）对称，则y=f（x）上的任意一点（x，y）关于M（a，b）对称的点（2a﹣x，2b﹣y）在函数y=g（x）的图象上．（2）主要考查了函数的恒成立问题，往往转化为求最值问题：m≥h（x）恒成立，则m≥h（x）m≤h（x）恒成立，max则m≤h（x）min20．某机床厂今年初用98万元购进一台数控机床，并立即投入使用，计划第一年维修、保养费用12万元，从第二年开始，每年的维修、保养修费用比上一年增加4万元，该机床使用后，每年的总收入为50万元，设使用x年后数控机床的盈利总额y元．（1）写出y与x之间的函数关系式；（2）从第几年开始，该机床开始盈利？（3）使用若干年后，对机床的处理有两种方案：①当年平均盈利额达到最大值时，以30万元价格处理该机床；②当盈利额达到最大值时，以12万元价格处理该机床．问哪种方案处理较为合理？请说明理由．【考点】基本不等式在最值问题中的应用．【专题】计算题．【分析】（1）赢利总额y元即x年中的收入50x减去购进机床的成本与这x年中维修、保养的费用，维修、保养的费用历年成等差数增长，，（2）由（1）的结论解出结果进行判断得出何年开始赢利．（3）算出每一种方案的总盈利，比较大小选择方案．【解答】解：（1）y=﹣2x2+40x﹣98，x∈N*．（2）由﹣2x2+40x﹣98＞0解得，，且x∈N*，所以x=3，4，，17，故从第三年开始盈利．（3）由，当且仅当x=7时“=”号成立，所以按第一方案处理总利润为﹣2×72+40×7﹣98+30=114（万元）．由y=﹣2x2+40x﹣98=﹣2（x﹣10）2+102≤102，所以按第二方案处理总利润为102+12=114（万元）．∴由于第一方案使用时间短，则选第一方案较合理．【点评】考查审题及将题中关系转化为数学符号的能力，其中第二问中考查了一元二次不等式的解法，第三问中考查到了基本不等式求最值，本题是一个函数基本不等式相结合的题．属应用题中盈利最大化的问题．21．已知函数f（x）=+xlnx，g（x）=x3﹣x2﹣3．（1）讨论函数h（x）=的单调性；（2）如果对任意的s，t∈[，2]，都有f（s）≥g（t）成立，某某数a的取值X围．【考点】利用导数求闭区间上函数的最值；利用导数研究函数的单调性．【专题】综合题；导数的综合应用．【分析】（1）求导数，利用导数的正负，即可讨论函数h（x）=的单调性；（2）求出g（x）max=g（2）=1，当x∈[，2]时，f（x）=+xlnx恒成立，等价于a≥x﹣x2lnx 恒成立，然后利用导数求函数u（x）=x﹣x2lnx在区间[，2]上取得最大值，则实数a的取值X围可求．【解答】解：（1）h（x）==+lnx，h′（x）=，①a≤0，h′（x）≥0，函数h（x）在（0，+∞）上单调递增②a＞0时，h'（x）＞0，则x∈（，+∞），函数h（x）的单调递增区间为（，+∞），h'（x）＜0，则x∈（0，），函数h（x）的单调递减区间为（0，），．（2）g（x）=x3﹣x2﹣3，g′（x）=3x（x﹣），x 2g′（x）0 ﹣0 +g（x）﹣递减极小值递增 13由上表可知，g（x）在x=2处取得最大值，即g（x）max=g（2）=1所以当x∈[，2]时，f（x）=+xlnx≥1恒成立，等价于a≥x﹣x 2lnx恒成立，记u（x）=x﹣x2lnx，所以a≥u（x）max，u′（x）=1﹣x﹣2xlnx，可知u′（1）=0，当x∈（，1）时，1﹣x＞0，2xlnx＜0，则u′（x）＞0，∴u（x）在x∈（，2）上单调递增；当x∈（1，2）时，1﹣x＜0，2xlnx＞0，则u′（x）＜0，∴u（x）在（1，2）上单调递减；故当x=1时，函数u（x）在区间[，2]，上取得最大值u（1）=1，所以a≥1，故实数a的取值X围是[1，+∞）．【点评】本题考查了利用导数研究函数的单调性，考查了导数在最大值、最小值问题中的应用，考查了数学转化思想方法和函数构造法，训练了利用分离变量法求参数的取值X围，属于中档题．四、选做题：请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分．22．已知曲线C1的参数方程是（θ为参数）以坐标原点为极点，x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C2的极坐标方程是ρ=﹣4cosθ．（1）求曲线C1与C2交点的极坐标；（2）A、B两点分别在曲线C1与C2上，当|AB|最大时，求△OAB的面积（O为坐标原点）．【考点】参数的意义；简单曲线的极坐标方程．【专题】选作题；转化思想；综合法；坐标系和参数方程．【分析】（1）把参数方程和极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程，联立方程组求出交点的坐标，再把交点的直角坐标化为极坐标；（2）画出图象，由平面几何知识可知，A，C1，C2，B依次排列且共线时|AB|最大．【解答】解：（1）由（θ为参数），消去参数得：x2+（y﹣2）2=4，即x2+y2﹣4y=0；由ρ=﹣4cosθ，得ρ2=﹣4ρcosθ，即x2+y2=﹣4x．两式作差得：x+y=0，代入C1得交点为（0，0），（﹣2，2）．其极坐标为（0，0），（2，）；（2）如图，由平面几何知识可知，A，C1，C2，B依次排列且共线时|AB|最大．此时|AB|=2+4，O到AB的距离为．∴△OAB的面积为S=×（2+4）×=2+2．【点评】本题考查了极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程、参数方程化为普通方程，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于基础题．23．已知不等式|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|＞a．（1）当a=0时，求不等式的解集（2）若不等式在区间[﹣4，2]内无解．某某数a的取值X围．【考点】绝对值不等式的解法．【专题】不等式的解法及应用．【分析】（1）把要解的不等式等价转化为与之等价的三个不等式组，求出每个不等式组的解集，再取并集，即得所求．（2）求得f（x）=|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|=在区间[﹣4，2]内的值域，结合|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|＞a无解，求得a的X围．【解答】解：（1）当a=0时，不等式即|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|＞0，可得①，或②，或③．解①求得 x＜﹣3，解②求得﹣＜x＜1，解③求得x≥1．综上可得，原不等式的解集为{x|x＜﹣3，或x＞﹣}．（2）当x∈[﹣4，2]，f（x）=|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|=的值域为[﹣2，3]，而不等式|2x+2|﹣|x﹣1|＞a无解，故有a≤3．【点评】本题主要考查绝对值不等式的解法，体现了转化、分类讨论的数学思想；还考查了分段函数的应用，求函数的值域，属于中档题．。
崇仁一中2016--2017学年度高二上学期第二次周练试题 (1)
崇仁一中2016--2017学年度高二上学期第二次周练试题命题人陈国清一、单选题(本大题共6小题，共24.0分)1.在如图所示的电路中，当滑动变阻器的滑动片向上移动时，关于灯泡A的亮度及电容器C所带电量Q的变化判断正确的是（）A.灯泡A变亮，Q增大B.灯泡A变亮，Q减小C.灯泡A变暗，Q增大D.灯泡A变暗，Q减小2.如图所示，示波器的示波管可以视为加速电场与偏转电场的组合，若已知加速电压为U1，偏转电压为U2，偏转极板长为L，极板间距为d，且电子被加速前的初速度可忽略，则关于示波器的灵敏度（即偏转电场中每单位偏转电压所引起的偏转量）与加速电场、偏转电场的关系，下列说法中正确的是（）A.L越大，灵敏度越高B.d越大，灵敏度越高C.U1越大，灵敏度越高D.U2越大，灵敏度越高3.如图所示的电路中，电压表都看做理想电表，电源内阻为r．闭合电键S，当把滑动变阻器R3的滑片P向b端移动时（）A.电压表V1的示数变大，电压表V2的示数变小B.电压表V1示数变化量小于V2示数变化量C.电压表V1的示数变化量大于V2示数变化量D.电压表V1的示数变小，电压表V2的示数变大4.如图所示电路中，电源E的电动势为3.2V，电阻R的阻值为30Ω，小灯泡L的额定电压为3.0V，额定功率为4.5W，当电键S接位置2时，电压表的读数为3V，那么当电键S接到位置1时，小灯泡L的发光情况是()A.有可能被烧坏B.正常发光C.正常发光略亮D.很暗，甚至不亮5.有一段电阻为R=81Ω的导线，将其截成若干相等的部分，然后把它们并联，并联后电阻为1Ω，导线被截成的段数为()A.9段B.18段C.27段D.81段6.图中B为电源，R1、R2为电阻．K为电键．现用多用电表测量流过电阻R2的电流．将多用电表的选择开关调至直流电流挡(内阻很小)以后，正确的接法是()A.保持K闭合，将红表笔接在a处，黑表笔接在b处B.保持K闭合，将红表笔接在b处，黑表笔接在a处C.将K断开，红表笔接在a处，黑表笔接在b处D.将K断开，红表笔接在b处，黑表笔接在a处二、多选题(本大题共2小题，共10.0分)7.如图，电源电动势为E，内阻为r，电键K1、K2、K3、K4均闭合，C是极板水平放置的平行板电容器，板间静止悬浮着一油滴P．下列说法正确的是()A.断开电键K1后P仍静止悬浮B.断开电键K2后P会向上运动C.断开电键K3后P会向下运动D.断开电键K4后P会向下运动8.如图，一束质子沿中心轴同时射入两平行金属板之间的匀强电场中后，分成a、b、c三束，则质子在电场中运动过程中（）A.初速度比较v a＜v b＜v cB.加速度大小比较a a=a b=a ccC.板内运动时间比较t a=t b＞t cD.动能增加量比较△E ka＞△E kb＞△E kc三、填空题(本大题共1小题，共8.0分)9.某同学要测量一均匀新材料制成的圆柱体的电阻率ρ．步骤如下：(1)用游标为20分度的卡尺测量其长度如图，由图可知其长度为____________mm；(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如右上图，由图可知其直径为____________mm；(3)用多用电表的电阻“×10”挡，按正确的操作步骤测此圆柱体的电阻，表盘的示数如图，则该电阻的阻值约为____________Ω．(4)该同学想用伏安法更精确地测量其电阻R，现有的器材及其代号和规格如下：待测圆柱体电阻R；电流表A1(量程0～4m A，内阻约50Ω)；电流表A2(量程0～10m A，内阻约30Ω)；电压表V1(量程0～3V，内阻约10kΩ)电压表V2(量程0～15V，内阻约25kΩ)；直流电源E(电动势4V，内阻不计)滑动变阻器R1(阻值范围0～15Ω，允许通过的最大电流2.0A)；滑动变阻器R2(阻值范围0～2kΩ，允许通过的最大电流0.5A)；开关S；导线若干．为使实验误差较小，要求测得多组数据进行分析，请在右框中画出测量的电路图，并标明所用器材的代号．(5)若该同学用伏安法跟用多用电表测量得到的R测量值几乎相等，由此可估算此圆柱体材料的电阻率约为ρ=____________Ω•m．(保留2位有效数字)高二年级物理答题纸班级 姓名 学号一、本题共8小题；每小题4分，共计32分。
高三物理上学期第二次段考试卷(含解析)-人教版高三全册物理试题
2015-2016学年广东省广州市实验中学高三〔上〕第二次段考物理试卷二、选择题：此题共9小题，每一小题6分．在每一小题给出的四个选项中，第1～4题只有一项符合题目要求，第5～8题有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分．1．在力学理论建立的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了贡献．关于科学家和他们的贡献，如下说法中不正确的答案是〔〕A．伽利略首先将实验事实和逻辑推理〔包括数学推演〕和谐地结合起来B．牛顿总结出了万有引力定律并用实验测出了引力常量C．笛卡尔对牛顿第一定律的建立做出了贡献D．开普勒通过研究行星观测记录，发现了行星运动三大定律2．如下列图，长为r的细杆一端固定一个质量为m的小球，使之绕另一端O在竖直面内做圆周运动，小球运动到最高点时的速度v=，物体在这点时〔〕A．小球对细杆的拉力是B．小球对杆的压力是C．小球对杆的拉力是 mg D．小球对杆的压力是mg3．水平抛出的小球，以刚抛出时为计时起点与位移起点，在t秒末时速度方向与水平方向的夹角为α1，在t+t0秒末时位移方向与水平方向的夹角为α2，重力加速度为g，忽略空气阻力，如此小球初速度的大小可表示为〔〕A．B．C．D．4．如图，竖直平面内的轨道Ⅰ和Ⅱ都由两段直杆连接而成，两轨道长度相等，一小球穿过细直杆且球与两轨道间的动摩擦因数相等．用一样的水平恒力将穿在轨道最低点B的静止小球，分别沿Ⅰ和Ⅱ推至最高点A，假定球在经过轨道转折点的前后速度大小不变．全过程中动能增量分别为△E k1、△E k2，重力势能增量分别为△E P1、△E P2，如此〔〕A．△E k1=△E k2，△E P1=△E P2 B．△E k1＞△E k2，△E P1=△E P2C．△E k1＜△E k2，△E P1=△E P2D．△E k1＞△E k2，△E P1＜△E P25．质量为m=2kg的物体沿水平面向右做直线运动，t=0时刻受到一个水平向左的恒力F，如图甲所示，此后物体的v﹣t图象如图乙所示，取水平向右为正方向，g=10m/s2，如此〔〕A．物体与水平面间的动摩擦因数为μ=0.5B．10s末恒力F的功率为6WC．10s末物体恰好回到计时起点位置D．10s内物体抑制摩擦力做功34J6．如下列图，倾角为θ的斜面上只有AB段粗糙，其余局部都光滑，AB段长为3L．有假设干个一样的小方块〔每个小方块视为质点〕沿斜面靠在一起，但不粘接，总长为L．将它们由静止释放，释放时下端距A为3L．当下端运动到A下面距A为L/2时小方块运动的速度达到最大．设小方块与粗糙斜面的动摩擦因数为μ，小方块停止时下端与A点的距离为s，如此如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．μ=tanθ B．μ=2tanθC．s=3L D．s=4L7．如图甲所示，静止在水平面上的物体在竖直向上的拉力F作用下开始向上加速运动，拉力的功率恒定为P，运动过程中所受空气阻力大小不变，物体最终做匀速运动．物体运动速度的倒数与加速度a的关系如图乙所示．假设重力加速度大小为g，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．物体的质量为B．空气阻力大小为C．物体加速运动的时间为D．物体匀速运动的速度大小为v08．如下列图，质量为m的物体〔可视为质点〕以某一速度从A点冲上倾角为30°的固定斜面，其运动的加速度大小为g，此物体在斜面上上升的最大高度为h，如此在这个过程中物体〔〕A．重力势能增加了mgh B．抑制摩擦力做功0.5mghC．动能损失了2mgh D．机械能损失了mgh9．为了探测X星球，载着登陆舱的探测飞船在以该星球中心为圆心，半径为r1的圆轨道上运动，周期为T1…总质量为m1．随后登陆舱脱离飞船，变轨到离星球更近的半径为r2的圆轨道上运动，此时登陆舱的质量为m2，如此〔〕A．X星球的质量为M=B．X星球外表的重力加速度为g x=C．登陆舱在T1与r2轨道上运动时的速度大小之比为=D．登陆舱在半径为r2轨道上做圆周运动的周期为T2=T1三、非选择题：10．利用图示装置可以做力学中的许多实验．〔1〕利用此装置做“研究匀变速直线运动〞的实验时，〔选填“需要〞或“不需要〞〕设法消除小车和木板间的摩擦阻力的影响．〔2〕利用此装置探究“加速度与质量的关系〞并用图象法处理数据时，如果画出的a﹣m 关系图象是曲线，如此〔选填“能〞或“不能〞〕确定小车的加速度与质量成反比．〔3〕利用此装置探究“功与速度变化的关系〞的实验时，通过增减砝码改变小车所受拉力时，〔选填“需要〞或“不需要〞〕重新调节木板的倾斜度．11．某实验小组想测量木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功，装置如图1所示，一木块放在粗糙的水平长木板上，左侧栓有一细线，跨过固定在木板边缘的滑轮与重物连接，木块右侧与穿过打点计时器的纸带相连，长木板固定在水平实验台上．实验时，木块在重物牵引下向右运动，重物落地后，木块继续向左做匀减速运动，图2给出了重物落地后打点计时器打出的纸带，系列小黑点是计数点，每相邻两计数点间还有4个点〔图中未标出〕，计数点间的距离如下列图．打点计时器所用交流电频率为50Hz，不计纸带与木块间的作用力．〔1〕可以判断纸带的〔左或右〕端与木块连接．〔2〕根据纸带提供的数据计算打点计时器在打下A点和B点时木块的速度：v A=m/s，v B=m/s．〔结果均保存两位有效数字〕〔3〕要测量在AB段木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功W AB，还需要的实验器材是，还应测量的物理量是．〔填入所选实验器材和物理量前的字母〕A．木板的长度l B．木块的质量m1 C．木板的质量m2D．重物质量m3 E．木块运动的时间t F．AB段的距离l ABG．天平 H．刻度尺 J．弹簧秤〔4〕在AB段，木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功的关系式W AB=．〔用v A、v B和第〔3〕问中测得的物理量的字母表示〕12．〔10分〕〔2015•宁德二模〕如图，在水平轨道右侧固定半径为R的竖直圆槽形光滑轨道，水平轨道的PQ段铺设特殊材料，调节其初始长度为l；水平轨道左侧有一轻质弹簧左端固定，弹簧处于自然伸长状态．可视为质点的小物块从轨道右侧A点以初速度v0冲上轨道，通过圆形轨道、水平轨道后压缩弹簧，并被弹簧以原速率弹回．R=0.4m，l=2.5m，v0=6m/s，物块质量m=1kg，与PQ段间的动摩擦因数μ=0.4，轨道其他局部摩擦不计．取g=10m/s2．求：〔1〕物块经过圆轨道最高点B时对轨道的压力；〔2〕物块从Q运动到P的时间与弹簧获得的最大弹性势能；〔3〕调节仍以v0从右侧冲上轨道，调节PQ段的长度l，当l长度是多少时，物块恰能不脱离轨道返回A点继续向右运动．13．〔12分〕〔2015春•株洲校级期末〕如图甲所示，在竖直平面内有一个直角三角形斜面体，倾角θ为30°，斜边长为x0，以斜面顶部O点为坐标轴原点，沿斜面向下建立一个一维坐标x轴．斜面顶部安装一个小的定滑轮，通过定滑轮连接两个物体A、B〔均可视为质点〕，其质量分别为m1、m2，所有摩擦均不计，开始时A处于斜面顶部，并取斜面底面所处的水平面为零重力势能面，B物体距离零势能面的距离为；现加在A物体上施加一个平行斜面斜向下的恒力F，使A由静止向下运动．当A向下运动位移x0时，B物体的机械能随x轴坐标的变化规律如图乙，如此结合图象可求：〔1〕B质点最初的机械能E1和上升x0时的机械能E2；〔2〕恒力F的大小．14．〔19分〕〔2015秋•姜堰区校级月考〕如下列图，左边为是两个四分之一圆弧衔接而成的轨道EF，右边为两个斜面AB、CD和一段光滑圆弧组成的曲面台．设大小两个四分之一圆弧半径为2R和R，两斜面倾角均为θ=370，AB=CD=2R，且A、D等高，D端固定一小挡板，假设碰撞不损失机械能．一质量为m的滑块与斜面动摩擦因数均为0.25，将滑块从地面上光滑的小平台上以一定的初速度经E点进入圆弧轨道，从最高点F飞出后进入右边的斜面上．重力加速度为g．〔1〕设滑块恰能无挤压地从F点飞出，同时为了使滑块恰好沿AB斜面进入右边轨道，应调节右边下面支架高度使斜面的A、D点离地高为多少？〔2〕接〔1〕问，求滑块在斜面上走过的总路程．〔3〕当滑块的以不同初速度进入EF，求其通过最高点F和小圆弧最低点E时受压力之差的最小值．2015-2016学年广东省广州市实验中学高三〔上〕第二次段考物理试卷参考答案与试题解析二、选择题：此题共9小题，每一小题6分．在每一小题给出的四个选项中，第1～4题只有一项符合题目要求，第5～8题有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分．1．在力学理论建立的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了贡献．关于科学家和他们的贡献，如下说法中不正确的答案是〔〕A．伽利略首先将实验事实和逻辑推理〔包括数学推演〕和谐地结合起来B．牛顿总结出了万有引力定律并用实验测出了引力常量C．笛卡尔对牛顿第一定律的建立做出了贡献D．开普勒通过研究行星观测记录，发现了行星运动三大定律【考点】物理学史．【分析】此题比拟简单考查了学生对物理学史的了解情况，在物理学开展的历史上有很多科学家做出了重要贡献，大家熟悉的牛顿、爱因斯坦、法拉第等，在学习过程中要了解、知道这些著名科学家的重要贡献．【解答】解：A、伽利略首先将实验事实和逻辑推理〔包括数学推演〕和谐地结合起来，标志着物理学的真正开始，故A正确；B、万有引力常量是由卡文迪许测出的，故B错误；C、笛卡尔等人又在伽利略研究的根底上进展了更深入的研究，他认为：如果运动物体，不受任何力的作用，不仅速度大小不变，而且运动方向也不会变，将沿原来的方向匀速运动下去，因此笛卡尔对牛顿第一定律的建立做出了贡献，故C正确；D、开普勒提出行星运动三大定律，故D正确．此题选错误的，应当选：B．【点评】要熟悉物理学史，了解物理学家的探索过程，从而培养学习物理的兴趣和为科学的奉献精神．2．如下列图，长为r的细杆一端固定一个质量为m的小球，使之绕另一端O在竖直面内做圆周运动，小球运动到最高点时的速度v=，物体在这点时〔〕A．小球对细杆的拉力是B．小球对杆的压力是C．小球对杆的拉力是 mg D．小球对杆的压力是mg【考点】向心力；物体的弹性和弹力．【专题】匀速圆周运动专题．【分析】球在最高点对杆恰好无压力时，重力提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律列式求解速度；即时速度v=时，再对小球受力分析，根据牛顿第二定律列式求解杆的弹力即可．【解答】解：球在最高点对杆恰好无压力时，重力提供向心力，根据牛顿第二定律，有：mg=m解得：由于v=＜v0故杆对球有支持力，根据牛顿第二定律，有：mg﹣N=m解得：N=mg﹣m=根据牛顿第三定律，球对杆有向下的压力，大小为mg；应当选：B．【点评】此题关键是明确向心力来源，求解出弹力为零的临界速度，然后结合牛顿第二定律列式分析，不难．3．水平抛出的小球，以刚抛出时为计时起点与位移起点，在t秒末时速度方向与水平方向的夹角为α1，在t+t0秒末时位移方向与水平方向的夹角为α2，重力加速度为g，忽略空气阻力，如此小球初速度的大小可表示为〔〕A．B．C．D．【考点】平抛运动．【专题】平抛运动专题．【分析】平抛运动在水平方向做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向做自由落体运动．根据t时刻速度与水平方向的夹角，可得到水平初速度与时间的关系．再根据t+t0秒末时位移与水平方向的夹角，列式分析即可．【解答】解：据题可得：t秒末时有：tanα1==在t+t0秒末时有：tanα2===联立以上两式，消去t解得：v0=应当选：D【点评】解决此题的关键掌握平抛运动的处理方法：运动的分解法，知道平抛运动在水平方向做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向做自由落体运动，并掌握分运动的规律．4．如图，竖直平面内的轨道Ⅰ和Ⅱ都由两段直杆连接而成，两轨道长度相等，一小球穿过细直杆且球与两轨道间的动摩擦因数相等．用一样的水平恒力将穿在轨道最低点B的静止小球，分别沿Ⅰ和Ⅱ推至最高点A，假定球在经过轨道转折点的前后速度大小不变．全过程中动能增量分别为△E k1、△E k2，重力势能增量分别为△E P1、△E P2，如此〔〕A．△E k1=△E k2，△E P1=△E P2 B．△E k1＞△E k2，△E P1=△E P2C．△E k1＜△E k2，△E P1=△E P2D．△E k1＞△E k2，△E P1＜△E P2【考点】功能关系；动能和势能的相互转化．【专题】定量思想；图析法；守恒定律在近代物理中的应用．【分析】先分析整个过程摩擦力做功关系，根据动能定理比拟动能的增加量；由重力做功情况，分析重力势能增量关系．【解答】解：设任一斜面的倾角为θ，斜面的长度为s，如此物体在该斜面上下滑时摩擦力做功为 W f=﹣μmgcosθ•s=﹣μmgx，x是斜面底边的长度，可知小球沿两轨道运动时，摩擦力做功相等，根据动能定理得：W F﹣mgh﹣W f=△E k，知两次情况拉力做功相等，摩擦力做功相等，重力做功相等，如此动能的变化量相等．即有△E k1=△E k2．根据W G=mgh知，重力做功相等，如此重力势能增量相等，即有△E P1=△E P2，故A正确．应当选：A【点评】此题考查了动能定理与运动学的综合，通过动能定理比拟动能变化量的关系，关键要知道滑动摩擦力做功与水平位移有关．5．质量为m=2kg的物体沿水平面向右做直线运动，t=0时刻受到一个水平向左的恒力F，如图甲所示，此后物体的v﹣t图象如图乙所示，取水平向右为正方向，g=10m/s2，如此〔〕A．物体与水平面间的动摩擦因数为μ=0.5B．10s末恒力F的功率为6WC．10s末物体恰好回到计时起点位置D．10s内物体抑制摩擦力做功34J【考点】动能定理；功的计算．【专题】定量思想；图析法；动能定理的应用专题．【分析】由v﹣t图分别求得由力F和没有力F作用时的加速度，对两段时间分别运用牛顿第二定律列式后联立求解；设10s末物体离起点点的距离为d，d应为v﹣t图与横轴所围的上下两块面积之差，根据功的公式求出抑制摩擦力做功．【解答】解：A、设物体向右做匀减速直线运动的加速度为a1，如此由v﹣t图得：加速度大小a1===2m/s2，方向与初速度方向相反…①设物体向左做匀加速直线运动的加速度为a2，如此由v﹣t图得：加速度大小a2==1m/s2，方向与初速度方向相反…②根据牛顿第二定律，有：F+μmg=ma1…③F﹣μmg=ma2…④解①②③④得：F=3N，μ=0.05，故A错误．B、10s末恒力F的瞬时功率P=Fv=3×6W=18W．故B错误．C、根据v﹣t图与横轴所围的面积表示位移得：10s内位移为 x=×4×8﹣×6×6m=﹣2m，如此知10s末物体恰在起点左侧2m处．故C错误．D、10s内抑制摩擦力做功Wf=fs=μmgs=0.05×20×〔×4×8+×6×6〕J=34J．故D正确．应当选：D【点评】此题关键先根据运动情况求解加速度，确定受力情况后求解出动摩擦因数，根据v ﹣t图与横轴所围的面积表示位移求解位移．要注意滑动摩擦力与路程有关．6．如下列图，倾角为θ的斜面上只有AB段粗糙，其余局部都光滑，AB段长为3L．有假设干个一样的小方块〔每个小方块视为质点〕沿斜面靠在一起，但不粘接，总长为L．将它们由静止释放，释放时下端距A为3L．当下端运动到A下面距A为L/2时小方块运动的速度达到最大．设小方块与粗糙斜面的动摩擦因数为μ，小方块停止时下端与A点的距离为s，如此如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．μ=tanθ B．μ=2tanθC．s=3L D．s=4L【考点】牛顿第二定律；匀变速直线运动规律的综合运用．【专题】定量思想；类比法；动能定理的应用专题．【分析】有半数木块过A点速度最大，此时整体的合力为零，根据平衡条件求解求出动摩擦因数．根据动能定理即可求解小方块停止时下端与A的距离．【解答】解：设小方块的总质量为m．当下端运动到A下面距A为L时小方块运动的速度达到最大，此时整体的合外力为零，根据平衡条件得：•μmgcosθ=mgsinθ解得：μ=2tanθ小方块停止时下端与A的距离是s，如此根据动能定理得：mg〔3L+s〕sinθ﹣μmgcosθ•L﹣μmgcosθ〔s﹣L〕=0将μ=2tanθ代入解得：s=4L．应当选：BD【点评】此题主要考查了动能定理的直接应用，要求同学们能选取适宜的过程运用动能定理求解，要注意摩擦力随位移均匀增大时要用摩擦力的平均值求其做功．7．如图甲所示，静止在水平面上的物体在竖直向上的拉力F作用下开始向上加速运动，拉力的功率恒定为P，运动过程中所受空气阻力大小不变，物体最终做匀速运动．物体运动速度的倒数与加速度a的关系如图乙所示．假设重力加速度大小为g，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．物体的质量为B．空气阻力大小为C．物体加速运动的时间为D．物体匀速运动的速度大小为v0【考点】功率、平均功率和瞬时功率．【专题】功率的计算专题．【分析】物体在竖直方向上在额定功率下做变加速运动，根据牛顿第二定律求的与a的关系式，结合乙图即可判断，当拉力等于重力和阻力时速度达到最大【解答】解：A、由题意可知P=Fv，根据牛顿第二定律由F﹣mg﹣f=ma联立解得由乙图可知，，解得，f=，故AB正确C、物体做变加速运动，并非匀加速运动，不能利用v=at求得时间，故C错误；D、物体匀速运动由F=mg+f，此时v==v0，故D正确应当选：ABD【点评】此题主要考查了图象，能利用牛顿第二定律表示出与a的关系式是解决此题的关键8．如下列图，质量为m的物体〔可视为质点〕以某一速度从A点冲上倾角为30°的固定斜面，其运动的加速度大小为g，此物体在斜面上上升的最大高度为h，如此在这个过程中物体〔〕A．重力势能增加了mgh B．抑制摩擦力做功0.5mghC．动能损失了2mgh D．机械能损失了mgh【考点】功能关系；动能和势能的相互转化．【专题】定性思想；推理法；守恒定律在近代物理中的应用．【分析】根据动能定理知，合力做功等于动能的变化量，机械能等于重力势能和动能之和，通过动能和重力势能的变化判断机械能的变化．【解答】解：A、物体在斜面上能够上升的最大高度为h，所以重力势能增加了mgh，故A正确；B、根据牛顿第二定律知，物体运动的加速度大小为g，所受的合力为mg，方向沿斜面向下，根据动能定理得，△E k=﹣mg•2h=﹣2mgh，知动能减小2mgh．物体重力势能增加mgh，所以机械能减小mgh，除重力以外的力做的功等于物体机械能的变化量，如此摩擦力对物体做﹣mgh的功，所以抑制摩擦力做功mgh，故CD正确，B错误．应当选：ACD．【点评】解决此题的关键掌握功能关系，比如合力功与动能的关系，重力功与重力势能的关系，以与除重力以外其它力做功与机械能的关系，并能灵活运用．9．为了探测X星球，载着登陆舱的探测飞船在以该星球中心为圆心，半径为r1的圆轨道上运动，周期为T1…总质量为m1．随后登陆舱脱离飞船，变轨到离星球更近的半径为r2的圆轨道上运动，此时登陆舱的质量为m2，如此〔〕A．X星球的质量为M=B．X星球外表的重力加速度为g x=C．登陆舱在T1与r2轨道上运动时的速度大小之比为=D．登陆舱在半径为r2轨道上做圆周运动的周期为T2=T1【考点】万有引力定律与其应用．【专题】万有引力定律的应用专题．【分析】研究飞船绕星球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力，列出等式求出中心体的质量．研究登陆舱绕星球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力，列出等式表示出线速度和周期．再通过不同的轨道半径进展比拟．【解答】解：A、研究飞船绕星球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力，列出等式：G=m1r1〔〕2得出：M=，故A正确．B、根据圆周运动知识，a=只能表示在半径为r1的圆轨道上向心加速度，而不等于X星球外表的重力加速度，故B错误．C、研究登陆舱绕星球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力有：在半径为r的圆轨道上运动：=m得出：v=，表达式里M为中心体星球的质量，R为运动的轨道半径．所以登陆舱在r1与r2轨道上运动时的速度大小之比为==，故C错误．D、研究登陆舱绕星球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力，列出等式：在半径为r的圆轨道上运动：G=m r得出：T=2π ．表达式里M为中心体星球的质量，R为运动的轨道半径．所以可得T2=T1．故D正确．应当选：AD．【点评】此题主要考查万有引力提供向心力这个关系，要注意向心力的公式选取要根据题目提供的物理量或所求解的物理量选取应用．三、非选择题：10．利用图示装置可以做力学中的许多实验．〔1〕利用此装置做“研究匀变速直线运动〞的实验时，不需要〔选填“需要〞或“不需要〞〕设法消除小车和木板间的摩擦阻力的影响．〔2〕利用此装置探究“加速度与质量的关系〞并用图象法处理数据时，如果画出的a﹣m关系图象是曲线，如此不能〔选填“能〞或“不能〞〕确定小车的加速度与质量成反比．〔3〕利用此装置探究“功与速度变化的关系〞的实验时，通过增减砝码改变小车所受拉力时，不需要〔选填“需要〞或“不需要〞〕重新调节木板的倾斜度．【考点】探究小车速度随时间变化的规律．【专题】实验题．【分析】利用图示小车纸带装置可以完成很多实验，在研究匀变速直线运动时不需要平衡摩擦力，在探究“小车的加速度与质量的关系〞和探究“功与速度变化的关系〞实验时，需要平衡摩擦力；在探究“小车的加速度a与力F的关系〞时，根据牛顿第二定律求出加速度a 的表达式，不难得出当钧码的质量远远大于小车的质量时，加速度a近似等于g的结论．【解答】解：〔1〕此装置可以用来研究匀变速直线运动，但不需要平衡摩擦力；〔2〕曲线的种类有双曲线、抛物线、三角函数曲线等多种，所以假设a﹣m图象是曲线，不能断定曲线是双曲线，即不能断定加速度与质量成反比，应画出a﹣图象．〔3〕利用此装置探究“功与速度变化的关系〞的实验时，通过增减砝码改变小车所受拉力时，不需要重新调节木板的倾斜度．故答案为：〔1〕不需要；〔2〕不能；〔3〕不需要．【点评】解决实验问题首先要掌握该实验原理，了解实验的操作步骤和数据处理以与须知事项，然后熟练应用物理规律来解决实验问题．11．某实验小组想测量木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功，装置如图1所示，一木块放在粗糙的水平长木板上，左侧栓有一细线，跨过固定在木板边缘的滑轮与重物连接，木块右侧与穿过打点计时器的纸带相连，长木板固定在水平实验台上．实验时，木块在重物牵引下向右运动，重物落地后，木块继续向左做匀减速运动，图2给出了重物落地后打点计时器打出的纸带，系列小黑点是计数点，每相邻两计数点间还有4个点〔图中未标出〕，计数点间的距离如下列图．打点计时器所用交流电频率为50Hz，不计纸带与木块间的作用力．〔1〕可以判断纸带的右〔左或右〕端与木块连接．〔2〕根据纸带提供的数据计算打点计时器在打下A点和B点时木块的速度：v A=0.72m/s，v B=0.97m/s．〔结果均保存两位有效数字〕〔3〕要测量在AB段木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功W AB，还需要的实验器材是G、H，还应测量的物理量是B．〔填入所选实验器材和物理量前的字母〕A．木板的长度l B．木块的质量m1 C．木板的质量m2D．重物质量m3 E．木块运动的时间t F．AB段的距离l ABG．天平 H．刻度尺 J．弹簧秤〔4〕在AB段，木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功的关系式W AB=．〔用v A、v B 和第〔3〕问中测得的物理量的字母表示〕【考点】探究功与速度变化的关系．【专题】实验题；定性思想；实验分析法；动能定理的应用专题．【分析】〔1〕重物落地后，木块由于惯性继续前进，做匀减速直线运动，相邻计数点间的距离逐渐减小；。
2024学年宁夏省重点中学高三下学期第二次月考(5月)数学试题试卷
2024学年宁夏省重点中学高三下学期第二次月考（5月）数学试题试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．设ln3a =，则lg3b =，则（ ）A ．a b a b ab +>->B ．a b ab a b +>>-C ．a b a b ab ->+>D ．a b ab a b ->>+2．设1F ，2F 分别是椭圆2222:1(0)x y E a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点，过2F 的直线交椭圆于A ，B 两点，且120AF AF ⋅=，222AF F B =，则椭圆E 的离心率为( )A ．23B ．34C ．53D ．743．已知函数()cos sin 2f x x x =，下列结论不正确的是（ ） A ．()y f x =的图像关于点(),0π中心对称 B ．()y f x =既是奇函数，又是周期函数C ．()y f x =的图像关于直线2x π=对称D ．()y f x =的最大值是324．某三棱锥的三视图如图所示，则该三棱锥的体积为A ．23B ．43C ．2D ．835．过抛物线22(0)y px p =>的焦点作直线交抛物线于A B ，两点，若线段AB 中点的横坐标为3，且8AB =，则抛物线的方程是( ) A ．22y x =B ．24y x =C ．28y x =D ．210y x =6．中国古代中的“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”合称“六艺”.“礼”，主要指德育；“乐”，主要指美育；“射”和“御”，就是体育和劳动；“书”，指各种历史文化知识；“数”，指数学.某校国学社团开展“六艺”课程讲座活动，每艺安排一节，连排六节，一天课程讲座排课有如下要求：“数”必须排在第三节，且“射”和“御”两门课程相邻排课，则“六艺”课程讲座不同的排课顺序共有（ ） A ．12种B ．24种C ．36种D ．48种7．已知抛物线22(0)y px p =>，F 为抛物线的焦点且MN 为过焦点的弦，若||1OF =，||8MN =，则OMN 的面积为（ ） A ．22B ．32C ．42D ．3228．设1F ，2F 分别为双曲线22221x y a b-=（a ＞0，b ＞0）的左、右焦点，过点1F 作圆222x y b += 的切线与双曲线的左支交于点P ，若212PF PF =，则双曲线的离心率为（ ） A ．2B ．3C ．5D ．69．若集合{|2020}A x N x =∈=，22a =，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．{}a A ⊆B ．a A ⊆C ．{}a A ∈D ．a A ∉10．双曲线的离心率为，则其渐近线方程为 A ．B ．C ．D ．11．设复数z 满足|3|2z -=，z 在复平面内对应的点为(,)M a b ，则M 不可能为（ ） A ．3)B ．(3,2)C ．(5,0)D ．(4,1)12．i 是虚数单位，若17(,)2ia bi ab R i+=+∈-，则乘积ab 的值是( ) A ．－15B ．－3C ．3D ．15二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。
2017上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题及答案
2017上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题及答案2016学年第二学期奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 10:00. B. At10:10.C. At10:20.D. At10:30.2. A. On a boat trip. B. In acinema.C. At thebeach.D. At therestaurant.3. A. Plan her budget carefully. B. Buy a gift for her mother.C. Give him more information.D. Ask someone else for suggestions.4. A. Doctor and patient. B. Customer and salesgirl.C. Man and wife.D. Customer andwaitress.5. A. Stressed. B.DissatisfiedC. BoredD.Exhausted6.A. Fine her for breaking the traffic regulation. B. Teach her how to drive in the one-way street.C. Show her the way to the police station.D. Let her go without any punishment.7. A. The kids went to see a movie. B. The kids were happy.C. The children changed the plan.D. The woman broke her promise.8. A. She didn’t feel well. B. She went dancing early.C. She came down to go dancing.D. She got mad at the woman.9. A. Loud.B. boring.C. Funny.D. Exciting.10. A. He is not surprised at the woman’s playing at a concert tomorrow.B. He won’t give the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.C. He understands the woman’s nervous feeling and thinks it normal.D. He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. There are too many people and carsaround you.B. The taxi driver talks to you all the time.C. Singers or sports announcers tell you what you should be careful about in person.D. The voice of a famous person gives you warning messages.12. A. More than 12,000. B. Over 15,000.C. About 11,000.D. Less than 10,000.13. A. The passengers won’t fasten the seat belt.B. The passengers will complain.C. The driver will be punished financially.D. The driver will be awarded $100.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Pink. B. Green. C. Purple. D. White.15. A. Recycling is compulsory.B. Most recycling programs don’t succeed in that people don’t want to deliver rubbish.C. The primary work of the volunteers is to collect and sort rubbish to the same center.D. The volunteers will devote six hours a week to dealing with rubbish.16. A. To explain why recycling is important.B. To describe the recycling program.C. To discuss whether or not recycling should be compulsory.D. To tell people how to tell different sorts of rubbish cans apart.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A pilot. B. A nurse. C. Anairhostess.D. Alanguageteacher.18. A. She is fluent in English. B. She likes dealing with people.C. Flying in the sky is her dream.D. She is keen on travelling.19. A. Friendly but timid. B. Beautiful and easy-going.C. Open-minded and flexible.D. Imaginative and warm-hearted.20. A. The woman is nearsighted.B. The result of the interview was announced right after it was finished.C. The woman sometimes hesitates to express her dislike for others’ behaviours.D. One’s height is not required for the job.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Loving Life in MoosoneeBorn in Moose Factory Island, located about 12 miles inland from the James Bay coastline in northern Ontario, I spent my early childhood years in nearby Moose River Crossing. Our family returned to Moose Factory later, so my siblings（兄弟姐妹）and I could continue our education, （21）______ the local school hadbeen closed down.Moose River Crossing is situated along the only railroad track in Canada that reaches all the way up to the northern community of Moosonee, Ont., which later（22）______ (become) — and still is — my true hometown.（23）______ my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, (24)_________ fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from. Over the years, I began to learn more（25）______ my Native culture, the history and our way of life. Then, in 2009, I met a man who later became my husband.（26）______(be) an ambassador of the land and a hunter, my husband taught me how to hunt, fish, set nets, snare rabbits, make a fire in the rain, read the weather and drive a boat. Even after having lived in Moosonee for 26 years, I had never experienced and learned so much on the land and the mighty Moose River,（27）______ the sunsets are breathtakingly beautiful, as I did in th e relatively short time I’ve known my husband.I am so thankful and proud（28）_____(give) the opportunity to lead this kind of lifestyle, which someday will be passed on to my grandchildren.Today, I continue to trace my roots and try to live my life according to them. I have also been back to Moose River Crossing after being away for many years. My older sister and only brother, both hunters, along with a few nephews and nieces, continue to carry on the traditions of our ancestors in Moose River Crossing.Every year, our family gathers for a spring hunt, mainly geese and ducks. In summertime, we go fishing and, in the fall, we head outhunting. In addition to (29)_______(add) to our foods for the year, these excursions are (30)________ our family stories and recollections are shared the most. And there are plenty of stories to go around, all of which are close to my heart and a big part of who I am today. Section B Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Making a Mistake Can Put Your Brain on ‘Pause’ Mistakes can be learning opportunities, but the brain needs time for lessons to sink in. When facing fast decisions, even the 31 distraction of noting an error can decrease accuracy on the next choice, researchers report in the March 15 Journal of Neuroscience . “We have a brain region that monitors and says ‘you messed up’ so that we can correct our behavior,” says psychologist George Buzzell, now at the University of Maryland in College Park. But sometimes, that monitoring system can backfire, 32 us from the task at hand and causing us to make another error. “There does seem to be a little bit of time for people, after mistakes, where you’re sort of 33 ,” says Jason Moser, a psychologist at Michigan State University, who wasn’t part of the study.A. offlineB. flashedC. momentaryD. processingE. responseF. correctlyG. droppedH. visualI. limitsJ. distractingK. immediatelyTo test people’s 34 to making mistakes, Buzzell and colleagues at George Mason University in Fairfax, Va., monitored 23 participants’ brain activity while they worked through a challenging task. Concentric（同心的）circles 35 briefly on a screen, and participants had to respond with one hand if the two circles were the same color and the other hand if the circles were slightly different shades.After making a mistake, participants generally answered the next question correctly if they had a second or so to recover. But when the next challenge came very quickly after an error, as little as 0.2 seconds, accuracy 36 by about 10 percent. Electrical activity recorded from the 37 cortex（大脑皮层）showed that participants paid less attention to the next experiment if they had just made a mistake than if they had responded 38 .The cognitive demand of noting and 39 the error seems to divert attention that would otherwise be devoted to the task, Buzzell says.In real life, people usually have time —even if just a few seconds —to reflect on a mistake before having to make another decision. But in some activities such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument, people must rebound from errors quickly while continuing to correctly carry out the rest of the task. Those actions might push the 40 of error processing.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robots’ Intell igenceAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be 41 , according to computer science professor Stuart Russell if we figure out how to turn human 42 into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language. 43 , if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the44 children. “You would want that robot 45 with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a46 distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a 47 brought-up person would do.It will be possible to48 more complicated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are 49 .The biggest 50 with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will 51 some kind of taboo(禁忌). One simple check would be toprogram a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with a(n) 52 situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps, and ask for 53 from a human. If we humans aren’t qui te sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in 54 , and how to create a set of ethical（伦理的）rules. But if we 55 an answer, robots could be good for humanity.41. A. avoided B. revised C.increasedD. rejected42. A. personaliti es B.behaviorsC.intentionsD. values43. A. Instead B. ForexampleC. After allD. As aresult44. A. special B.demandingC. brightD. starving45. A. preloaded B.downloadedC.uploadedD.upgraded46. A. comfortabl e B. private C.sufficientD.noticeable47. A. literarily B.independentlyC.properlyD.naturally48. A. manufactu re B. install C.introduceD. create49. A. careless B.senselessC.powerlessD.thoughtless 50. A. doubt B. threat C. concern D. prospect 51. A. subject B. prohibit C. observe D. break 52. A. similar B. familiar C. unusual D. ideal 53. A. permission B. guidance C. feedback D. comment 54. A. principle B. moral C. standard D. technology 55. A. look into B. pick out C. turn to D. come up with Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A ） Like many other people, I love my smart phone, which keeps me connected with the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop ，because it holds all of my writing and thoughts. In spite of this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices and truly communicate with others. On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the materials and exchange their ideas with eachother in the classroom, I have a rule —no laptop, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it, so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course materials and the class discussion.I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course materials beyond the classroom.I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.56. Some of the students in the history class wereunhappy with____________. A. the course materials B. the author’s class regulations C. discussion topics D. others’ misuse of technology 57. Which of the following statements is true? A. The author made the rule in that he was against technology. B. The author made the rule mainly because of his unpleasant experiences. C. The author’s history class received low assessment. D. The students think highly of the author’s history class. 58. According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ___________. A. allow students to get on well with each other B. improve teaching and offer more help C. help students to better understand complex themes D. prohibit students being involved in class 59. What can we infer from the passage? A. The author will carry on the success in the future. B. Some students will be punished according to the rule. C. More and more students will be absent in history class. D. The author will help students concentrate on what they learn. （B ） Where to Drink Cafe San BernardoJoin table-tennis and pool-playing port. Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912.The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour. Service is efficient; with last orders at 5 am. The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice, plus a half-bottle of red wine and a corn pie, for￡9.●Avenue Corrientes 5436, Villa Crespo, 5411 4855 3956, cafesanbernardo. comM Salumeria & EnotecaTrading only in wine with a story, sommelier (侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis, and keeps a list of around 250 labels. There's no wine menu—simply take your bottle from the shelf.●Open 11:00am-11:30pm, El Salvador 5777, Palermo Hollywood, 5411 4778 9016, on FacebookNegro Cueva de CafeCoffee has found its place in Buenos Aires. While LAB: Tostadores, The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places, Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown. It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant.●Open 9:30 am—7:00 pm, Suipacha 637, Microcentro, 5411 4322 3000, negrocuevade-cafe. comLa CalleHead to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be face d with a pizza. Don't worry, it’s the right place. La Gui tarrita is the front to “hidden” bar La Calle. Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with ahigh-energy young crowd.●Open 8:00 pm—2:00 am, Niceto Vega 4942, Palermo Soho, 5411 3914 1972, on Facebook60. Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour?A. 5411 4855 3956.B. 5411 4778 9016.C. 5411 4322 3000.D. 5411 3914 1972.61. What makes La Calle different?A. Its allowing you to play games.B. Its having no wine menu.C. Its opening for the longest time.D. Its having special candy.62. The author's purpose in writing the passage is .A. to show wine cultureB. to introduce some wine barsC. to help people choose drinksD. to show how to enjoy yourself（C）There is plenty of complaints about how social media-texting in particula r—may be harming children’s social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM’ing) and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted (内向的).British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were “regular”or “extensive”IM’ers. In the U. S., two thirds of teens use instant messaging services regularly,with a full third messaging at least once every day.The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, distress or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their distress—not enough to completely eliminate it, but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.“Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being,”the authors write, noting that prior research has shown that people assigned to talk to a stranger either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings, but even more with IM. And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.Why would digital communication do better than human contact? The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may consider as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show that the anonymity (匿名) of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safety that may cause people to feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and most authentic feelings. Priorresearch has shown that expressive writing itself can “vent”emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing so, knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend, may provide even more comfort and potentially be therapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extroverts did. Susan Cain, author of Quiet wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often brimming over with thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offers: the chance to connect —but in measured doses and from behind a screen.63. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling distressed.B. Instant messaging can help completely remove teens’ negative emotions.C. Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.D. Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.64. The underlined word “vent” in paragraph 5 most probably means_________.A. controlB. maintainC. releaseD. conceal65. What does the digital communication enable users to do?A. Find more sympathetic friends.B. Share and discuss more information.C. Produce more expressive writings.D. Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.66. What can be concluded from the new study by British researchers?A. Instant messaging will prevent children’s social and intellectual development.B. Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.C. Teens feeling bad often feel closer to real-life friends than to the net friends.D. American teens aged 14 to 18 are extensive instant messaging users.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.T here are many ways for parents to dealwith the problems.B.The mess can disturb the whole household.C.P arents are all angry at it.D.H umor can help, too.E.Parenting experts also recommend thatparents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.F.W hat doesn’t work, parenting experts say, isconstant lectures, verbal threats or getting very angry.An 18-year-girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom, “I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is.” However,her parents, Steve and Deborah Perkins, of Mckinney, Texas, ha ven’t caught on. Even Kayla admits that, at the worst, her room is a mess.Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.67 Dirty clothes pile up; dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad; homework is lost; and valuable things are ruined.Some parents let it go, believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish. Others lecture their children, offer rewards for cleaning, or punish them when they don’t.___ 68____Mrs. Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla’s floor and hid them. They cleaned everything up. When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom, there was screaming and shouting, “How can I live without my clothes?” Mrs. Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework. These days, she keeps her room clean.69 For example, since Jessica, the 14-year-old daughter wasn’t bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor, the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes. Her attitude changed after her family did that. By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later, even she was laughing.70 Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work—with respect and high expectations.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Useyour own words as far as possible.Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I’m already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell.Metrical(格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually this is done by setting up a rhythm and then breaking it or almost breaking it, and then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.Poetry plays with language and often puts words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way that food can be, when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over, always finding new things in it.And, of course, there’s the subject matter. It interests me just as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 根据最新颁布的交通法，车内任何人员都必须系好安全带。
高考病句题(难)
【2017年高考专题复习之辨析修改病句】1（鄂豫晋冀陕五省联考）下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）A．越来越多的证据显示，如人造黄油、植物奶油等的人造反式脂肪会对人体造成多种危害，尤其是显著提高罹患心血管疾病的危险。
B．一张小小的第二代身份证，竟被汉语言专家们挑出了四个值得商榷的语病，面对如此混乱的用语、用词、用字的状况，让人忧虑。
C．教育部近日在全国高校启动了以“阅读传统经典·品味书香生活”为主题的“礼敬中华优秀传统文化”系列活动开展得有声有色。
D．在国际竞争日趋激烈的今天，品牌的重要性不言自明，与会嘉宾都有一个共同的感慨：中国是制造业大国，却是品牌小国。
2（安徽省2016届高三百校大联考）下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）A． 12月16日，“琼瑶诉于正案”终审落幕，琼瑶再次获得胜利，这个胜利，既属于原创者及原创精神，更属于我国不断发展进步的知识产权。
B．各级干部要脚踏实地、实作实行，牢固树立功成不必在我，多做打基础、利长远的事情，不搞涸泽而渔的政绩工程，做到真抓实干、敢于担当。
C．“全国向上向善好青年”推选活动旨在推选、寻找、发现身边的好青年，引领广大青年崇德向善，争做社会主义核心价值观的倡导者、实践者。
D．“十三五”时期，中国将大力实施网络强国战略，让13亿多中国人民惠及互联网发展成果，更好造福各国人民，也为全球人民带来新的福祉。
3（安徽省合肥市2016年高三第一次教学质量检测）下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）A．腾讯无人机在研发初期，定位就与现在占市场主流的航拍无人机不同，他们的目标用户是大众消费群体。
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一座城市是否具有道德文明，是人们选择入居的重要标准。
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2016学年高三第二学期第二周综合测试卷
（本试卷满分150分）
姓名___________班级_____________学号_____________成绩_____________
一、填空题：（本大题共有12题，满分54分，其中第1题至第6题每题填对得4分，否则一律得零分，第7题至第12题每题填对得5分，否则一律得零分.）
1、已知集合{}1,0,1-=A ，)0,(-∞=B ，则=B C A R _______________；
2、不等式02
1<++x x 的解集为_________________； 3、计算：=+-∞→2
32lim 22n n n n __________________； 4、若复数z 满足()21=+z i （i 为虚数单位），则z 的虚部为____________；
5、曲线⎩⎨⎧==t
y t x 22
，R t ∈的焦点坐标为________________；
6、已知一组数据7.4，8.4，1.5，4.5，5.5，则该组数据的标准差为_________；
7、在ABC ∆中，A ∠、B ∠、C ∠所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ，若a 、b 、c 成等差数列，54sin =B ，且ABC ∆的面积为2
3，则=b _____________； 8、若实数x ，y 满足⎪⎩
⎪⎨⎧≥≥+≥+0221y y x y x ，则22y x +的最小值为___________；
9、函数()x x x f arcsin +=的值域为________________；
10、甲，乙两名学生要从物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理6门学科中任选三门，则甲、乙两名学生所选学科中只有一门学科相同的概率为_____________（用最简分数表示）；
11、如图，已知ABC ∆的边BC 的垂直平分线交AC 于点P ，交BC 于
点Q ，
若3=
，5=，则()()
AC AB AQ AP -∙+的值为
_____________；
12、若函数()x f y =满足()()b x a f a x f 2=-++（其中a ，b 不同
时为0），则称函数()x f y =为“准奇函数”，称点()b a ,为函数()x f y =的 “中心点”.现在如下命题：
①函数()1sin +=x x f 是“准奇函数”；②若“准奇函数”()x f y =在R 上的“中心点”为()()a f a ,，则函数()()()a f a x f x F -+=为R 上的奇函数；③已知函数
()26323-+-=x x x x f 是“准奇函数”，则它的“中心点”为()2,1；其中正确的命题是
__________（写出所有正确命题的序号）.
二、选择题：（本大题共4题，满分20分，每题选对得5分，否则一律得零分）
13、“1<a ”是“0ln <a ”的（ ）
()A 充分不必要条件 ()B 必要不充分条件 ()C 充要条件 ()D 既不充分又不必要条件
14、三棱锥ABC S -及其三视图中的正视图和左视图如图所示，则棱SB 的长为（ ）
()A 112 ()B 24 ()C 38 ()D 316
15、在n x x ⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝
⎛-312的展开式中，只有第5项的二项式系数最大，则展开式中的常数项为（ ） ()A 7- ()B 7 ()C 28- ()D 28
16、平面直角坐标系中，点P 、Q 是方程87727722222=++-++++y x x y x x 表示的曲线C 上不同两点，且以PQ 为直径的圆过坐标原点O ，则点O 到直线PQ 的距离为（ ）
()A 2 ()B 56 ()C 3 ()D 5
12 三、简答题：（本大题共5题，满分76分，第17,18,19题每题14分，第20题16分，第21题18分，写出必要的解题过程）
17、【本题14分】如图，已知四棱锥ABCD P -的侧棱⊥PD 底面ABCD ，且底面ABCD 是直角梯形，CD AD ⊥，CD AB //，22
1===CD AD AB ，点M 为侧棱PC 中点，侧棱
PC 与底面ABCD 所成角的正切值为
2
1， （1）【本题6分】求四棱锥ABCD P -的体积V ；
（2）【本题8分】求异面直线BM 与PA 所成角的余弦值.
18、【本题14分】已知函数()⎪⎭
⎫ ⎝⎛
+=4cos sin 22πx x x f ， （1）【本题7分】求函数()x f 的最小正周期及单调递增区间；
（2）【本题7分】在ABC ∆中，2=BC ，2=
AB ，求使04=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝
⎛-πA f 得角B .
19、【本题14分】已知函数()1
212+-=x x x f ， （1）【本题6分】判断函数()x f 的奇偶性；
（2）【本题8分】若对任意[]5,1∈x 都有()m x f >成立，求实数m 的取值范围.
20、【本题16分】设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且0122=+--n n n n S a S S ，*
∈N n ， （1）【本题4分】求1a 、2a 的值；
（2）【本题8分】求n S 与1-n S （*∈≥N n n ,2）的关系式，并证明数列⎭
⎬⎫⎩⎨
⎧-11n S 是等差数列；
（3）【本题4分】求2017321S S S S ∙∙∙∙ 的值.
21、【本题18分】已知椭圆()01:22
22>>=+b a b
y a x C ，1F 、2F 是左右焦点，A 、B 是长轴的两端点，点()b a P ,与1F 、2F 围成等腰三角形，且321=
∆F PF S ， （1）【本题4分】求椭圆C 的方程；
（2）【本题14分】设点Q 是椭圆C 上异于A 、B 两点的动点，直线4-=x 与QA 、QB 分别交于M 、N 两点，
①【本题6分】当MN QF λ=1时，求点Q 的坐标；
②【本题8分】过点M 、N 、1F 三点的圆是否经过x 轴上不同于点1F 的定点？若经过，求出定点的坐标；若不经过，请说明理由.。