高级综合英语教程1
《高级综合商务英语1》参考答案
高级商务英语系列教材总主编：叶兴国王光林高级综合商务英语1主编：彭青龙（习题答案）外语教学与研究出版社Unit 1 GlobalizationLead-in1. Quiz1) B 2) C 3) D 4) A 5) A2. A Mini CaseSuggested answers:●As Zara continues to expand, it might have to open other distribution centers onother continents. Language, culture, and work relations may vary significantly from the closely-managed operation currently in place in Spain. The company may run into more specific challenges in accommodating customers‘requirements due to a lack of cultural sensitivity. Zara‘s expansion globally may pose the challenge of moving from a more centralized management style to a more global style.●Lorena needs to ensure that she has a truly international team in place withmembers from both multilingual and multicultural background; draw up a plan on how global logistics will support global expansion; start a succession plan and train new logistics managers who could be ready to take on overseas responsibilities; and encourage store managers to include suggestions on cultural specifics which may help in making the final product and brand expansion successful.Text AI.Reading Comprehension1.Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Write a T fortrue, an F for false, and an NG for not given.1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) F 9) T 10) NG2.Essay Questions1)The modern multinational companies have had passed through three phases. Firstcame the 19th-century ―international model‖, with firms based in their home country and selling goods through overseas sales offices. This was followed by the classic multinational firm in which the parent company created smaller versions of itself in countries around the world. And now it has been replaced by a single integrated global entity in which the firm will move people and jobs anywhere in the world, based on the right cost, the right skills and the right business environment.2)The big attractions from emerging markets are low-cost labor, highly skilledpersonnel, and a chance to cooperate with the government as a potential customer.3)They are lacking the management talents who can practice and support businessoperating models that will allow them to generate profitable growth in more mature markets over the long term.4)The single biggest challenge facing Western multinationals is the lack ofemerging-market experience in their senior ranks. Moreover, multinationals have great trouble retaining the managers they do have in emerging markets.―Well-trained, good, honest people are scarce in emerging markets. Multinationals are better at training these people than emerging-market companies, which prefer to poach them once they are trained.‖II.Blank-filling: Complete the following sentences with the words given in the box. Change the form when necessary.1) cutting-edge 2) commoditized 3) aggressive 4) forge 5) benchmark 6) blueprint 7) expatriates 8) deploy 9) ferocious 10) substantial III.Paraphrasing1.Rewriting: Rewrite the underlined part of each sentence in your own words.1) ―In the 97 years of the company‘s history, never had a particular kind of product or merchandise been managed outside the U.S.,‖he says excitedly, noting that ―Latin America now reports to Shanghai.‖2) But the assault on its services business led by a trio of Indian outsourcing upstarts, Tata Consulting Services, Infosys and Wipro, posed a big threat to the field that might be the main sources of growth for the company as expected by Mr. Palmisano.3) In many emerging markets the most attractive potential customer is the government, because of the government‘s urgent needs to improve the infrastructure facilities in a wide range, from the mobile telephone networks to roads, airports and ports, energy and water supply.4) A 2007 study of China‘s top 200 publicly traded companies found that it is still difficult even for the leading companies in China to compete with those global giants.5) American multinationals now have a ―ferocious interest in attracting non-Americans to the board‖, but they can find only a few qualified executives from the European countries, not to mention those from emerging markets.2. Sentence Transformation: Complete the following sentences based on the structures given.1) Because of the fact that hot labor markets in emerging markets are causing extremely high turnover rates, every big multinational is aiming to win the ―war for talent‖ and taking it as one of the most urgent issues.2) It is believed that as a big multinational company it enjoys advantages in recruiting and retaining talented managers than the local competitors.3) Despite the growth of their revenue which increased on the back of China‘s continued economic growth, they could only create half of the value of their global competitors.4) No longer the ―young bucks or retirement-posing types‖as they used to be,nowadays the expatriate managers appointed by multinationals to work in emerging markets are generally of a much higher quality.5) Compared with those old multinationals, the firms in emerging markets are typically lacking the depth of management talent, though the founders are often impressive.IV.Translation1.Sentence Translation1) 这一雄心勃勃的策略是对来自新兴市场的激烈竞争做出的回应。
综合英语教程第一册答案
综合英语教程第一册答案（课后翻译）【高等教育出版社】Unit11.Mr. Manager, may I take a day off tomorrow? My mother is coming to see me.2.The police offered a reward for clues about the bank robbers.3.When I was ill last week, she offered to look after my child.4.Except for the small kitchen, the flat is satisfactory.5.She was promoted to the branch manager last year.6.Everyone was exhausted except John.7.Who’s running this company?8.He reached into his pocket for the wallet.Unit2I want to buy a house in town, but can’t aff ord it now.2. We can’t afford to wait. Let’s get out of here!3. He took good care of the house and painted it every second year/every other year/once in two years.4. He moved the furniture into another room.5. They have decided to move to another hous e because they don’t like this place.6. Li Ming shares an apartment with four other students.Unit3I am afraid that the position is not open to students.2. I came across a letter from France the other day.3. He put his hand on his chest as if to show sincerity.4. I’ve filled out the application form.5. She had her coat on.6. I can’t help thinking that we’ve made a big mistake.7. Fred is short for Frederick.8. He seemed in his early thirties.Unit41,You can look up the phone number of the company in the phone book (directory).2. Outmoded conventions and bad customs should be done away with.3. As far as I know, they cannot finish the project ahead of schedule.4. As far as the structure is concerned, the article is good, but the content needs to be enriched.5. Chances are that the train will be late. You needn’t worry so much for him.6. In daily life, gas has replaced coal as fuel.7. Young people should learn to be independent from their parents.Unit51,What is the average monthly income of the people in shanghai?2. She is improving in health.3. Compared with five years ago, my income has doubled.4. After the traffic accident, he was handicapped for life.5. Investigation has shown that Chinese made color televisions are not inferior in quality to imported brands.6. What you said won’t change my position on the matter, but I will take your opinion into serious consideration.Unit61,Three days’ hard work made John tired out.2. This point is no doubt quite absurd.3. I was about to answer the phone when the door-bell rang.4. Please place the book back when you have finished reading it.5. The meeting was prolonged into evening.6. Maggie spends almost all her spare time reading, to the exclusion of other entertainment.Unit71,If you a re very busy, don’t bother to come to see me.2. The new teaching programme is well received by the students. It has a surprisingly good effect on their study.3. On that holiday the streets are filled with joyful people.4. Modern Western music was first developed in Italy.5. Everyday before starting to work, I will browse the day’s papers.6. I like drinking coffee while enjoying music at leisure.7. The film will begin in twenty minutes.8. The teacher gave us a lecture on Shakespeare and his tragedies.9. I could have left my keys in the office. 10. By the end of this year, we must complete the project.Unit8Unit91,Scientists assume that there is no life on Mars.2. Different nations have different ways of life.3. Health has something to do with diet.4. The two photos look so alike that I can’t tell who’s who.5. This article does not make any sense.6. \on my way to the company, I tried to anticipate the kind of questions the manager would ask me at the interview.7. It is reported that no one died in the fire.8. Although the two companies have the same name, they have nothing to do with each other.9. What would you like to drink—coffee or tea?Unit101,It’s very difficult to get across Chinese humor to foreigners.2. Weather determines the growth of crops.3. When she saw him go, she went as well.4. Eating too much often results in illness.5. This book has exerted/had a great impact on a whole generation.6. Once in a while he goes/went fishing.7. This paper represents important findings in our recent research.Unit111,Most people like summer. As for me, I like winter better.2. He wants to take up photography when he grows up.3. It suddenly occurred to him that he had taken the wrong bus.4. She devoted her life to teaching.5. If you have made a plan, you much stick to it.6. I can’t help it if he doesn’t come to the meeting.7. The author skillfully wove those incidents into a story.8. The students are all eager to know the results of the exam.Unit131,West Lake in Hangzhou attracts tourists from home and abroad alike.2. Through our campus flows a small river, along the banks of which stand many willow trees.3. The field of wheat stretches to the small hill.4. This restaurant serves delicious food.5. So far, we are satisfied with his work.6. It is said that some foreign guests will come to visit our campus.7. This supermarket sells everything from household electric appliances to matches.8. This building is let to a businessperson.Unit141,Every morning when I wake up, I expect something excting will happen.2. That person in red is our teacher.3. The improvement of the traffic conditions has greatly contributed to the business growth in this area.4. She is too excited to say a word.5. Children all delight in animal stories.6. I often tried to persuade her to be more careful, but my attempts were always in vain.7. His face turned red when he realized his mistake.Unit15一，Translate the following sentences into English.1,He came upon a good idea.2. His hard work paid off. He got a promotion.3. John spends some time playing with his children every weekend.4. This article can serve as a model.5. As long as you keep trying, you will surely succeed.6. You can stay as long as you like.7. The meeting room is decorated with flowers.8. Her room is very tidy. Everything is in its place.9. It takes time to write a book. The teacher made a joke and the class came alive immediately二，Put the following into English.1. I can only tell you how many people were killed in the fire. As for the cause of the fire, I don’t know myself.2. The new peace treaty bans all tests of nuclear weapons.3. Tom has already made apologies to John. But J ohn’s hostility toward Tom still lingers.4. Why not change our traditional teaching methodology?5. It is very difficult to lose weight. In contrast, it is easy to put on weight.6. Since you have already employed me, you should not challenge my competence as a teacher.7. Ken maintained that he was not guilty.。
高级综合英语教程1 (张维友)课后答案
Unit 1I. Background to Text 1The Natural Trust: A UK charity (i.e. a non-profit organization) founded in 1895 with the full name of Places of Historical Interest and Natural Beauty. The Trust owns historic buildings, gardens and land, which it opens to the public.Text I is taken from the Trust’s own magazine, issued to its members. The writers are 17-18-year-old students.Environment:The combination of external conditions that surround and influencea living organism, including light, temperature, availability of food and water,climatic conditions, geographical area, pollution by chemicals, radiation, noise, etc., the presence of other organisms possibly competing for the same resources, and the physical and chemical nature of the immediate surroundings, e.g. soil, sea water. The environment of human beings also includes social, cultural, economic and political factors, and the room, building, town, region, or country in which a person lives.II. Detailed study of the text1. As young people we have a vested interest in…(L.1)vested interest: (often derog.) a share or right already held in something that is of advantage to the holder; used to show a good reason for someone to act in a particular way2. …all the complexities of the issues involved…(L.3)1) complexity: used both countably and uncountably to show (an example of)the state of being complex, e.g. the complexities of tax law; a diplomaticproblem of great complexity2) issue: an important subject to be discussed, argued about or determined…the issues are very complex, involving many different factors…3. ...it is vital to conserve the countryside…conserve: preserve; keep from being wasted, damaged, or destroyed 4. Although we often take the beautiful rural scenery of North Devon forgrant ed, we want to maintain the kind of diversity of landscapes…(L.6)1) take sth. /sb. for granted: accept a fact or situation without questioning itsrightness or thinking much about2) maintain:continue to have, do etc. as before; keep something in goodcondition by making repairs or taking good care of it3) diversity: variety; the condition of being different5. …at the invitation of the National Trust. (L.9)…invited by the National Trust6. The patchwork quilt of fields…(L.9)The fields of different s izes and colours looking like a patchwork quilt…7. …probably at the expense of some of the least productive farmland. (L.14)…by sacrificing some of the poorest or barren farmlandat the expense of: with the loss of; by harming or reducing8. If this means paying farmers to do things other than produce food, then so beit. (L.14)If this means that we pay the farmers so that they will use their farmland to do other things instead of growing food crops, let it be that way.so be it: let it be that way; all right9. …they look out of place beside their broadleaf neighbours. (L.19)…on appearance they do not match the broadleaf woods beside them.our of place: not in the proper or usual place; (fig.) inappropriate10. …most of us would like to see more people have a right of access toappreciate what is there. (L.22)…most of us would like to see more people have the right and be able to go and enjoy the natural scenery there.have access to: be able to reach or use11. But we do not want a gigantic rural theme park…But we do not want huge/tremendous country park which specializes in certain activities…12. However, in selected and well-segregated areas more active involvement inthe countryside should be encouraged…(L.26)However, it is good/desirable to have active activities in certain selected and isolated areas…13. …we, after all, an interactive, hands-on generation. (L.27)…we are after all a generation which is trained to be active in doing thins about or interact with our environment.hands-on: involving or offering active participation rather than theory; direct, practical14 More footpaths and bridleways with interpretive information would alsohelp. (L.30)It would be helpful to build more footpaths and paths for riders with relevant information about them.bridleway: paths for riders and walkers only but not for vehicles15. …but makes the countryside experience too cosmetic… (L.34)…make the countryside experience too artificial(implying not seeing things in their natural state…cosmetic:intended to improve only appearances; superficially improving or beneficial16. Perhaps we are a little cynical…(L.38)cynical: critical17. …aims of bodies like the National Trust sometimes had built-in conflictbetween… (L.39)…the purposes of the organizati ons sometimes were contradictory in themselves…built-in conflict: intrinsic disagreement; innate conflict18. …in a state that is not damaged beyond repair. (L.46)…in a state that is not damaged in such a way that there is no way to restore it.beyond repair: not being able to be repaired19. …while some saw a few turbines, even in “our back yard” in North Devon,as a small price to pay for clean electricity. (L.52)…some think that building a few water turbines inland is not costly, but we can get electricity without polluting the air or damaging environment.20. The amount of agrochemicals used in the countryside disturbs us. (L.55)We are upset and worried about the quantity of chemicals used for crops in the countryside.21. The suggestion of nitrogen quotas seems a good way of reducing onepotential source of pollution… (L.56)It seems a good way to set limited quotas for nitrogen content so as to reduce the possible source of pollution…1) quota: quotas (pl) the number or quantity officially determined or fixed2) potential: (adj.) capacity of coming into being or action, latent; (n.) thecapacity for use or development, possibility22. …but the likelihood of the government agreeing to it seems slim in view ofthe power of the manufacturers. (L.58)…but it seems that the government is not very likely to agree to do so as the agrochemical producers are very powerful.1) slim: (of hope, probability, etc.) very small; slight2) in view of: having regard to; considering23. …but making dipping voluntary is not an adequate solution… (L.61)…it is not enough just to make dipping sheep in chemicals compulsory…; even when a policy is made saying that dipping sheep in chemicals is not required, this may not solve the problem completely…dipping: washing sheep by immersing them in a vermin-killing liquid24. This is a debate that will not go away in the future! (L.65)The argument (there are better methods than controlling predators by hunting) will continue in the future.25. …we got the sense that all the various organizations involved are not pullingin the same direction… (L.68)…we felt that the organizations or groups which are involved differ in their action or are acting against each other…get the sense: have a feeling; feel27. …generate more in come from and for the countryside… (L.72)…make use of the countryside to create or produce more moneyand use the money for it…generate: produce; bring into existenceIII. Answers for Text 1Skills DevelopmentPre-reading1. 3)2. and3. have no hard and fast answer. It depends on students’ personal experience orknowledge of the countryside.Reading1. Anything suitable is acceptable, such as “Suggestions for Conservation of theCountryside”.2. 3)3. 1) Money should be invested.Diversity of landscape should be maintained.There should be more broadleaf woodland and moorland.Coniferous woodland should be reduced.2) Completely natural countryside.Activity areas3) No4) Not adequate actionSafer alternatives must be found.5) Sometimes the Trust faces a conflict between its objectives and its need tomake money.The activities of the Trust are not properly coordinated with the activities ofother similar organizations4. 1) F 2) T3) T 4) T5) F 6) T7) F 8) T9) T 10) F11) T 12) F5. ●main diversity of landscape●increase broadleaf woodland and moorland●reduce coniferous woodland●provide activities and information in selected areas●let farm cottages belonging to the Trust to local young people●install wind farms●introduce nitrogen quotas●research alternatives to sheep dipping●find better method than hunting for controlling predators●establish a Department of Rural AffairsPost-reading1. ●we all agree that ***●we want to ***●we were encouraged to see *●most of us would like to see **●should ***●most of us felt **●we also consider **●some thought *●some saw …as*●seems a good way *●is not an adequate solution ***●must be researched ***●we are convinced that ***●we got the sense that *●it’s time for***Note: * = slightly tentative** = moderately strong*** = strong2. 1) I expect; I suppose; Perhaps; In some ways; It’s possiblethat;2) It’s obvious that; Without doubt; Indeed; Certainly; After all; Of cour se3) I think; Personally; In my view; speaking for myself; tomy mind; As far asI’m concerned3. No definite answer4. No definite answer5. 1) a. opinionb. facta. factb. opiniona. opinionb. fact2) Open3) OpenLanguage Development1. 1) preserve/conserve 8) drastically2) maintain 9) potential3) consumption 10) available4) appreciate 11) generate5) appreciate 12) generated6) cynical 13) tackle7) cosmetic2. 1) a vested interest 6) interferes with2) took for granted 7) none the less3) at the risk of 8) In view of4) out of place 9) got the sense5) have access to 10) So be it3. 2), 3) nounscountryside (n. + n.) farmland (n. + n.)landscape (n. + n.) horse-riding (n. + v-ing)hedgerows (n. + n.) footpaths (n. + n.)farmhouse (n. + n.) bridleways (n. + n.)moorland (n. + n.) windfarms (n. + n.)woodland (n. + n.) skyline (n. + n.)parkland (n. + n.)adjectivespatchwork (n. + n.) nuclear power (adj. + n.)broadleaf (adj. + n.) sheep-dip (n. + v.)well-segregated (adv. + v-ed) widespread (adv. + v-ed)hands-on (n. + prep.) built-in (v-ed + prep.)adverboverall (prep. + pronoun.)4) well-segregated (adv. + p.p.)high-pitched well-educatedfar-fetched hard-wonnewly-builthorse-riding (n. + v-ing)sheep-shearing man-eatingtime-consuming problem-solvingday-dreamingnuclear-power (adj. + n.)cellular phone electric blanketmobile home deadlinered tapebuilt-in (p.p. + adv.)worn-out made-uphanded-down burnt-downgrown-upsheep-dip (n. + v.)frostbite toothachetoothpick sunriseheartbeat4. 1) The state of the countryside affects us directly.2) The small rectangular fields of differ ent sizes and colours…should not bechanged.3) If this means to pay farmers so that they will not produce food but do otherthings, that is all right.4) …we are, after all, a generation which has been trained to become directlyinvolved with our environment (i.e. doing things rather than listening orreading about things passively)5) …putting wooden railings along the river at Watersmeet may be good forsafety, but that turns the countryside into an artificial place.6) …we felt that all the various orga nizations involved in the countryside werenot coordinated, and may be acting against each other.7) …earn more income from the countryside and use it for the improvement ofthe countryside, more efficiently than this is being done at present.5. 我们意识到乡村正在从农作物生产向消费转化。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1Unit 1•After-reading exercisesLooking at the text1、Kate Miller, her exchange partner.2、neighbours at a barbecue.3、to the barbecue as well.4、she isn’t sure how to introduce herself and greet people.5、when she introduces her to an older person.6、you already know, you say “How are you?”7、Ling can just say “Hi, I’m Ling.”8、is “I’m fine, thank you.”Working with words > 11、last2、after3、difficult4、younger5、wrong6、seldom7、formal8、longWorking with words > 21、see / meet2、name3、I’m4、This5、you6、too•ListeningListening 2 > 31、I’m from Tokyo in Japan.2、No, I don’t. I work in Manchester /'mæntʃɪstə(r)/.3、Accountancy. What about you?4、No, I don’t. Go ahead.5、No, it’s not. I’m Jens Schwarz from Berlin.6、Yes, it is, but I’ve been to Scotland.7、Thanks. I’d like a beer, please.8、That’s right, but I’m an intern /ˈɪntɜ:n/ at the moment.9、I’ve got two — computer games and cycling.10、No, I’m not. I’m free all day.Listening 31、T2、F3、T4、T5、T6、FListening 4 > 11、T2、T3、F4、F5、T6、T7、F8、FListening 4 > 21、you2、thanks3、This4、nice5、do6、where7、Australia8、drink9、please10、like •ViewingViewing > 21、B2、A3、A4、B5、A6、B7、B8、CViewing > 31、help2、appointment3、minutes4、introduce5、pleasureAfter-reading exercises Looking at the text > 11、T2、T3、T4、F5、F6、T7、T8、F9、T10、FLooking at the text > 2 1-5: JDDJJ6-10: DDJDD11-15: JJDJJWorking with words1、serious2、the best-looking3、friendly/helpful4、glamorous5、funny6、awful7、like8、looking forward to9、miserable •Grammar checkGrammar check > 11、handsplaces2、classeswishesboxeschurches3a、fanilies3b、toys4a、knives4b、roofs5a、potatoes5b、photoseuros / euro 6、womenteethchildrenGrammar check > 21、piece of2、piece of3、drop of4、cup of5、bottles of6、lump of7、/8、pairs ofGrammar check > 31a、sound1b、a sound2a、a rest2b、rest3a、a loaf3b、bread4a、a job4b、workUnit 2•After-reading exercises Looking at the text > 11、train2、youth hostel3、thirty / 304、stranger5、policeman6、stationStationcinemacrossingroundaboutLooking at the text > 21、by train2、warehouse3、woman4、station5、When Max started to walk to the youth hostel6、knew7、turned left instead of going straight onWorking with words > 11、D2、C3、B4、BWorking with words > 21、Excuse2、in3、at4、very muchmention5、wayWorking with words > 31、youth hostel2、cinema3、tourist information office4、railway station5、corner•ListeningListening 1 > 11、department store2、bankListening 1 > 21、You’re welcome.2、Don’t mention it •ViewingViewing > 21、√2、√3、×4、√5、×6、×7、√8、×9、√10、√Viewing > 31、North America Plaza2、Shanghai Bank3、Four Seasons4、Hualian Department StoreViewing > 41、straight on2、repeat that3、I didn’t catch that4、turn right5、turn left6、can’t missAfter-reading exercises Looking at the text > 11、C2、A3、A4、B5、A6、A7、C8、B9、A10、B11、CLooking at the text > 21、Soho2、783、legalSupportadvice4、floatsliondragonperformancesWorking with words > 1 General nouns of buildings:1、zoo2、shops3、hospital4、museum5、gym6、parkGeneral nouns of people:1、tourist2、student3、staffWorking with words > 21、tourist attraction2、business companies3、rock bands4、legal help5、enquiry6、roots7、mural8、staff9、floatsparade10、homesick•ListeningListening 3 > 1This person is from …1、A2、C3、BMonth of visit1、B2、A3、CLiked / Didn’t like Chinatown1、B2、A3、BListening 3 > 21、T2、F3、T4、T5、T6、FListening 4 > 1[1]、three-day[2]、food[3]、Hill[4]、from 2 pm to 10 pm[5]、from 10 am to 7 pm[6]、15[7]、10[8]、no chargeListening 4 > 21、Easten2、Tower3、May4、10 pm5、adult6、NothingUnit 3•After-reading exercises Looking at the text > 1 How they make you buy: coffeemilkeggsflowersplantsfruitvegetablepeppersbread1、不选2、不选3、fish4、clotheselectrical products5、butter6、precooked meals7、Magazinessweetscheap travelsmobile phones8、不选Looking at the text > 21、to invite shoppers to come into the store2、feel the weight of the things you buyso big and deep3、pass many things that are nice but that they don’t really need4、credit cards5、add points to loyalty cardsget some money back or things for freeLooking at the text > 31、T2、F3、T4、F5、F6、FWorking with words 1、outinto2、at3、on4、near5、Afterin6、at7、about8、with•ListeningListening 11、T2、T3、F4、T5、F6、FListening 2 > 11、C2、B3、AListening 2 > 2Dialogue 1:1、A checkout assistant2、Paying for groceries.3、₤5.73Dialogue 2:1、A farmer2、Buying eggs3、₤0.65Dialogue 3:1、A shop assistant2、Buying a camera3、₤58Listening 31、C2、B3、C4、A5、B6、BAfter-reading exercisesLooking at the text > 11、the mid-1990s2、the end of traditional shopping3、find the cheapest flightsa travel agent4、day or night/24 hours a day（1）two weeks or more to arrive（2）if something is wrong（3）their credit card details（4）the fun of shopping with friends6、offer a bigger market7、are sent to a store in his neighbourhood8、collect his orderpay the cost of deliveryLooking at the text > 21、shop assistant2、high school student3、travel agent4、music retailer5、Christmas shopper6、car buyerWorking with words > 11、at the start2、shut down3、benefit4、send back5、buying things6、gather7、find out about8、customer9、nearby areaWorking with words > 21、benefits2、shut down3、shopping4、neighbourhood5、find out about6、consumers•ViewingViewing > 21、You can send it back and the seller will pay the cost.2、Of course I will.3、No, it is usually cheaper.4、I use Alipay. It’s totally secure.5、You can find almost everything on Taobao.6、You can order it express.Viewing > 31、B2、B3、A4、B5、B•Grammar checkGrammar check > 11、cloudy2、windy3、rainy4、dusty5、muddyGrammar check > 21、eighteen-year-old2、seven-foot-long3、five-year4、100-year-old5、first-classGrammar check > 31、oked2、em3、ells4、ot5、eel6、PearsUnit 4•After-reading exercises Looking at the text > 1 1、townscities2、less3、care for4、betterhappiershare5、/parents’6、17 / Seventeen14 / fourteen7、father8、toysLooking at the text > 21、B2、A3、A4、A5、BWorking with words > 11、gave in2、gave out3、give out/give off4、give up5、gives off (out)6、gave birth togave it away7、give backWorking with words > 21、twin2、siblings3、octuplets4、only child •ListeningListening 1 > 11、Annie2、AnnieListening 1 > 21、F2、F3、F4、T5、T6、F•ViewingViewing > 21、B2、AViewing > 31、C2、C3、A4、B5、CAfter-reading exercises Looking at the text > 11、4 (four) o’clock2、footballFridays3、mother4、upstairs5、teeth6、John found7、that Friday afternoonLooking at the text > 21、B2、B3、A4、A5、B6、A7、B8、BLooking at the text > 31、P2、C3、P4、C5、C6、C7、P8、C9、P10、C11、CListening Listening 3 > 21、A2、B3、B4、B5、A6、B7、BListening 4 > 1 1、Peggy Hawkinscan’t make the appointment with her hairdresser tomorrow.2、Colin Dicksoncan’t go to the interviewtomorrow3、Frank Pottsdoesn’t want to go to his yearly dental check-up this afternoon.Listening 4 > 21、F2、T3、F4、T5、T6、F•Grammar checkGrammar check > 11、reallyusuallyfinallyfully2、easilyhappilyangrilyluckily3、probablysimplytruly4、automaticallyeconomicallyGrammar check > 2（Attention：有两个选项的答案分别是a、b的）1、AB2、AB3、BA4、AB5、AB6、BAGrammar check > 31、Just2、still3、sometimes4、ever5、hardly6、UsuallyUnit 5•After-reading exercises Looking at the text > 1 1、entertainmententertainedhobby2、watching TV3、statistics2.8 hours per day 4、half15 and over5、chatting onlineleisure activity 6、spectator sportswowen7、75 and overage group8、4.3 hours(go to) workhousehold9、reading15- to 19-year-olds 5 minutesWorking with words > 11、entertainment2、activity / time3、time / activity4、sport5、group6、gameWorking with words > 21、spectator sport2、age group3、video game4、leisure activity5、leisure time •ListeningListening > 11、212、83、184、135、296、11Listening > 21、B2、A3、C4、B5、A6、C7、C8、B •ViewingViewing > 21、F2、T3、T4、T5、T6、F7、F8、T9、F10、FViewing > 31、B2、A3、A4、A5、B6、B7、AAfter-reading exercisesLooking at the text > 11、All his friends already had one.2、He still met his friends then.3、He began to withdraw from the real world and live in a virtual one.4、He became so desperate because his parents said no to a new computer.5、They want to escape from the real world.6、They can hide their true selves and be whoever they want to be.Looking at the text > 21、B2、A3、C4、B5、C6、CWorking with words1、of2、from3、down4、with5、from6、of•Listening Listening 31、F2、F3、T4、F5、F6、F7、T•Grammar check Grammar check > 11、not so stupidcleverer2、not so expensivecheaper3、not so complicatedsimpler4、not so excitingmore boring5、not so hard-working lazier6、not so interestingduller/more boringGrammar check > 21、more work2、as much money3、as many shops4、more friends5、fewer carsUnit 6•After-reading exercisesLooking at the text > 11、C2、B3、C4、B5、ALooking at the text > 21、A2、B3、A4、B5、B6、A7、B8、BWorking with words > 11、skydiving2、bungee jumping3、free running4、abseilingWorking with words > 21、first2、popular3、special4、important5、expensive6、fitWorking with words > 31、important2、expensive3、fit4、popular5、special•ListeningListening 1 > 11、参观画廊2、参观博物馆3、弹吉他4、在乐队里表演5、听音乐会6、做手工艺品7、打篮球Listening 1 > 21、T2、F3、FListening 1 > 31、ABDF2、CE3、ACListening 2 > 1 BListening 2 > 21、climb walls2、martial arts3、body controlListening 2 > 31、roof to roof2、a new3、friends •ViewingViewing > 2a、2b、3c、6d、5e、1f、4Viewing > 31、F2、T3、T4、T5、F6、FAfter-reading exercises Looking at the text > 11、3 (three) times2、3 (three)3 (three)3、have fun4、never happy5、diedbabyLooking at the text > 21、C2、A3、B4、B5、A6、B7、A8、B9、B10、AWorking with words > 11、a clap2、a trainer3、a happening4、somebody who looks for people good at something5、a contest6、a musical group7、while8、untroubled9、something that is done10、to depart suddenlyWorking with words > 21、an orchestra2、performance3、carefree4、run away5、event•ListeningListening 3 > 21、Francesca SchiavoneItalyLi NaChina2、women‘s singles title Asia•Grammar checkGrammar check > 11、all of the workers2、half of the students3、neither of the students4、none of the students5、any of the students6、most of the students7、many of his students8、a few of his studentsGrammar check > 21、many more2、those3、Either4、Anyany5、the other (one)6、less7、many8、fewerGrammar check > 31、one2、（one）3、ones4、one5、ones6、OneUnit 7•After-reading exercisesLooking at the text > 11、Time-poverty syndrome2、Multitasking3、21st-century syndrome4、Screen-based addiction5、Gaming addiction6、Electromagnetic sensitivity (EMS)Looking at the text > 21、increaseexpectancy2、antibioticsclean waterremovingLooking at the text > 31、C2、C3、C4、A5、B6、A7、B8、CWorking with words > 1 1、greatesthuge increase2、better3、Living standards4、physicalWorking with words > 21、B2、B3、A4、B5、A6、B7、B8、B9、A10、A•Listening Listening 11、T2、F3、T4、T5、F6、T7、F8、TListening > 2 [1]、prescription。
新标准大学英语综合教程1(Unit1-Unit6课文翻译)
新标准大学英语综合教程1(Unit1-Unit6课文翻译) UNIT1大一新生日记星期日从家里出发后，我们开车开了很长一段时间才到达我住的宿舍楼。
我进去登记。
宿舍管理员给了我一串钥匙，并告诉了我房间号。
我的房间在6楼，可电梯坏了。
等我们终于找到8号房的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸，上气不接下气。
我打开门锁，我们都走了进去。
但爸爸马上就从里面钻了出来。
这个房间刚刚够一个人住，一家人都进去，肯定装不下。
我躺在床上，不动弹就可以碰到三面墙。
幸亏我哥哥和我的狗没一起来。
后来，爸爸妈妈就走了，只剩下我孤零零一个人。
周围只有书和一个箱子。
接下来我该做什么？星期一早上，有一个为一年级新生举办的咖啡早茶会。
我见到了我的导师，他个子高高的，肩膀厚实，好像打定了主意要逗人开心。
“你是从很远的地方来的吗？”他问我。
他边说话边晃悠脑袋，咖啡都洒到杯托里了。
“我家离爱丁堡不太远，开车大约6个小时，”我说。
星期二我觉得有点儿饿，这才意识到我已经两天没吃东西了。
我下楼去，得知一天三餐我可以在餐厅里吃。
我下到餐厅排进了长队。
“早餐吃什么？”我问前面的男生。
“不知道。
我来得太晚了，吃不上早餐了。
这是午餐。
”午餐是自助餐，今天的菜谱是鸡肉、米饭、土豆、沙拉、蔬菜、奶酪、酸奶和水果。
前面的男生每样儿都取一些放到托盘上，付了钱，坐下来吃。
我再也不觉得饿了。
星期三早上9点钟我要去听一个讲座。
我醒时已经8:45了。
竟然没有人叫我起床。
奇怪。
我穿好衣服，急匆匆地赶到大讲堂。
我在一个睡眼惺忪的女生旁边坐下。
她看了看我，问：“刚起床？”她是怎么看出来的？讲座进行了1个小时。
结束时我看了看笔记，我根本就看不懂自己写的字。
星期四今天是新生集会（社团招新活动）。
我和苏菲跑去看看我们能加入几个俱乐部。
我们俩都认为我们应该结交很多朋友，所以我报名参加了交谊舞俱乐部、人工智能协会、手铃俱乐部和极限运动俱乐部。
苏菲则报名参加了业余剧社和莫扎特合唱团。
我不知道我和苏菲还能不能继续做好朋友。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1 unit3课文原文和译文
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1 unit3课文原文和译文When you enter a supermarket。
be us of the tricks they use to make you buy more。
For example。
taking a trolley can lead you to purchase more items than you intended because you won't feel the weight of your items。
nally。
the trolley is often large and deep。
encouraging you to fill it up.As you walk through the store。
you'll pass by displays of beautiful ___ to give you a feeling of healthy living before you even reach the other ordinary items。
The fruit and vegetables。
in particular。
may be on special offer。
___.___ intended。
It'___ to your list and try not to deviate from it.get discounts or free items.___ customers。
some supermarkets offer free samples of new products。
This is a great way to try something new and ___ it.10The layout of the store is designed to make shoppers ___ and___ items are placed in different parts of the store so shoppers have to walk around and see other products.11Supermarkets ___and make shoppers feel relaxed and happy。
综合英语教程unit1课后练习标准答案
Text comprehensionI. C (This statement goes to extremes. Though the author stresses the notion that we shouldfind our true selves and be faithful to them in college, she does not mean we should ignore others in pursuit of our true selves.)II. 1. F; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T; 5. FIII. 1. Refer to Paragraphs 1 and 2. She felt “first-gradish” on her arrival at the campus. The “first-gradish” feeling refers basically to naivety and anxiety, so she attempted to behave in a perfect way with the hope that no one would notice she was a freshman.2. Refer to Paragraph3. She chose to sit in the front row and to the side. This was becausethe freshman manual suggested sitting near the front to show that one is an intelligent and enthusiastic student, but as she was not confident enough to sit in the professor’s direct line of vision, she chose a side seat in the front row.3. Refer to Paragraph 6. She felt as if her life had punged into total failure and the doomof life had come.4. Refer to Paragraph 9. The football player got up, hands held high above his head in avictory clap, which is an expression of fun. At this moment, Evelyn realized that she had been too serious and on the contrary her slip could be a moment of fun for other people and herself alike. Everyone may have done something dumb, but they have all survived after all.5. Refer to Paragraphs 13 and 14. She understood that one could live his college life as anexperiment. She should not be afraid of making mistakes because it is only through trial and error that one can find his real self and finding is real self is the ultimate purpose of a college education. The college allows one to make massive mistakes. And even after graduation, she was still making mistakes of which she was no longer afraid.IV. 1. I planned to keep silent and act in such a way that nobody would notice that I was onlya newcomer in college.2. For three days, I had not been to the cafeteria due to my feeling of humiliation and shame. Instead, I stayed alone in my room and ate junk food of various kinds from a vending machine which was in just the right place to aid me in avoiding others.3. It didn’t matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired; you did not have to behave to the liking of everybody else.Structural analysis of the textUnlike a piece of expository writing, which usually expresses the main idea in a thesis statement, in a piece of narrative writing, the point is shown through dialogues, actions or events.The three incidents that are treated expansively in this essay are related to one another by their implicit messages—the author made mistakes and her reaction toward the mistakes. It was in this process that the author achieved significant insight into life and herself.Rhetorical features of the text“I knew everyone would stare. Forget it. I settled into my chair and tried to assume the scientific pose of a biology major, bending slightly forward, tensing my arms in preparation for furious note-taking, and cursing under my breath”(Paragraph 5). “Keeping myself upright and getting out of the mess was not going to be easy, and this flailing of my feet was doing no good. Just as I decided to try another maneuver, my food tray tipped and I lost my balance” (Paragraph 6). The italicized parts in the selections offer vivid pictures of what she did or how she looked in the embarrassing situations.VocabularyI. Explain words1. I had just the feeling of a newcomer at college without the strength a mature student might possess2. my apparent confidence3. some food to appease my hunger (as well as my anxiety)4. going with the tide was no longer crucial to one’s success5. foolish and glaring mistakesII. Fill in the blank1.distress2.clutched3.pose4.sneaked5.preoccupation6.shackles7.curse8.deliberationIII. Fill in the blank1.assure2.discretion3.relaxation4.humiliate5.strategy6.embarrassment7.maneuverable8.immaturityIV. Fill in the blank1.lived up to2.headed for3.seek out4.has broken out5.groped for6.trying…on7.go out to8.tipped offV. synonym and antonym1.vague (indistinct)2.inconspicuously (unobtrusively)3.self-restraint (self-control)4.clever (intelligent, sensible)5.manner (behavior)6.excited (agitated)7.sneak8.mature (sophisticated)VI. Explain in your own words1.became popular2.respect3.keep up4.lead to5.understand6.founde8.startFocus of the unitI. (There are five main types of nominal clauses: that-clauses, interrogative subclauses, nominal relative clauses, nominal to-infinitive clauses and nominal –ing clauses. Nominal clauses function like noun phrases. They may serve as subject, object, complement, appositive, and prepositional complement.)1. c2. d3. b4. f5. a6. e7. h8. gII. Rewrite the sentences1.My decision to resign was wise.2.Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.3.My determination to pass the test helped me.4.Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.5.My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.6.His refusal to help surprised me.7.The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.8.Who can have told you that puzzles me.III.1. D2. B3. C4. C5. A6. B7. D8. BIV.1.I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectlytimed entrance before each lecture.2.He wore glasses and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.3.The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.4.She locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed.5.John whispered so that others couldn’t hear him.6.Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.7.John has bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.8.The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrate his point.V.1. Although/ Though2. yet3. however/ though4. however/nevertheless/though5. Although/Though…still/nevertheless6. Despite/In spite of7. although/though8. however9. However10. Despite/In spite ofVI. omittedTranslationI.1. 事实上，不管我如何摆出一副成熟的样子，我感觉自己还是有一点大一新生的菜鸟气。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1 unit1课文原文和译文
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1 unit1课文原文和译文Text AYou are hereRead the text and find out why Max went the wrong way.It was easy for Max to get to Liverpool Station. He enjoyed the 300-mile train journey through the countryside, but now came the difficult bit. How could he find the youth hostel? The guidebook said it was in an old warehouse down by the docks. The address was Tabley Street with the postcode L18EE.He asked at the tourist information office opposite the station. The woman behind the counter gave him a map of the city and said it was only a 10-minute walk. He could see the station on the map and River Mersey with the docks. It looked easy enough to find. He started to walk, but then it began to rain.After half an hour he decided to ask somebody for directions. He stopped a man in the street.“Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the youth hostel?”But the man answered, “Sorry, I’m a stranger here myself.”He then asked a policeman, “Excuse me, do you know where the youth hostel is?”“Well, the easiest way is if you go to the station. It is only a 10-minute walk from there. Ah, you have a map. Let’s see. We are here. The railway station is there on the corner of Station Road and Main Street. Go straight down Station Road past the cinema. Then you will come to a crossing with traffic lights. Turn left at the traffic lights and straight on at the roundabout. The youth hostel is in front of you. You really can’t miss it.”“Thanks a lot for your help.”“Don’t mention it,” said the policeman.Max looked at the map and realised that he had looked at it upside down. He hadn’t turned left at the traffic lights; he had turned right! And instead of going straight on at the roundabout, he had turned left.A very wet Max went back to the station and this time he was very careful not to take a wrong way. Five minutes later he was standing in front of the youth hostel.课文译文麦克斯轻而易举就到了利物浦车站。
大学英语综合教程1答案
大学英语综合教程一Unit 1 Growing UpPart II Language FocusVocabularyⅠ.1.respectable2.agony3.put…down4.sequence5.hold back6.distribute7.off and on8.vivid9.associate10.finally11.turn in12.tackle2.1.has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office.2.was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not.3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time.4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5.buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.3.1.reputation, rigid, to inspire2.and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideaspose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ.posed2.severe3.agony4.extraordinary5.recallmand7.was violating8.anticipateⅢ.1.at2.for3.of4.with5.as6.about7.to8.in, in9.from10.on/uponComprehensive Exercises Ⅰ. Cloze1.hold back2.tedious3.scanned4.recall5.vivid6.off and on7.turn out/in8.career2.st2.surprise3.pulled4.blowing5.dressed6.scene7.extraordinary8.image9.turn10.excitementⅡ. Translation1.1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to havetaken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again.One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 FriendshipI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box.1) absolutely2) available3) every now and then4) are urging/ urged5) destination6) mostly7) hangs out8) right away9) reunion10) or something11) estimate12) going ahead2. Rewriting1) It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2) He was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3) She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4) Something has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time.5) The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3. Complete the sentences.1) were postponed the awful is estimated2) reference not available an kind of3) not much of a teacher skips go aheadII. Collocation1.to2.for3.at4.from5.in6.to on7.on8.withIII. Usage1.more or less2.kind of/ sort of3.something4.kind of/ sort of5.more or less6.or somethingComprehensive exercisesI. Cloze1.text-related1)choked up2)awful3)practically4)neighborhood5)correspondence6)available7)destination8)reunion9)Mostly10)postponing11)absolutely2.Theme-related1)how2)savings3)embarrassment4)phone5)interrupted6)touch7)envelop8)signed9)message10)neededII. Translation1.Translate the sentences.1) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.2) Mary seems to be very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3) Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4) He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through WWⅡ.5) Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2.Translate the passage.It is not easy to keep in touch with friends far away. This is true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends there. I have been meaning to write to them but things come up and I just don’t seem to find the time. They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in the future.Unit 3I Vocabulary11) brief 2) in terms of 3) cut off 4) tend 5) anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8) initiative9) convey 10) in two minds 11) concept 12) grasp21) has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.31)lies in contact between2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment3)the steady will be highlyII Word Formation1 regained2 undecided3 undersupplied4 disabled5 precondition6 foresight7 mispronounced8 enrichIIIAntonyms1) majority 2) accepted 3)increased 4)weaknesses 5) local 6) late 7)wrong 8)false Comprehensive exercisesI Close1.Text-related1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate5)sufficient6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure2. Theme-related1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use5)Another6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10) SomedayII Translation1) As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2) Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3) As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development. 4) The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5) To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could dowithout so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life. The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4Vocabulary1) wreck 2) balance 3) approaching 4) handle5) discard 6) Above all 7) diet 8) do with9) checked on 10) cleaned up 11) weekly 12) principles2.1) to look for survivors were abandoned after it hadbeen/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2) was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3) for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4) express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5) will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1) for sale hunting for be amazed by2) become skilled handle their loans3)character by calling on he passed awayII Confusable words1.1) personal 2) personnel2.1) sometime 2) Sometimes 3)some time 4) sometimeIII Euphemismde hcgabfComprehensive ExercisesI Close1. Text-related1)sponsored 2)determination 3) turned away 4) assumed 5) capacity6)skilled 7)loan 8) character 9) hunting 10) for sale 11) send for2. Theme-related1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4) grow 5) dream6) immigrants 7)business 8) engineering 9)invest 10) richIII Translation1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself readingit.5)Helen lacks confidence. I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5VocabularyI.11) monthly 2) acquaintances 3)classic 4) look; in the eye 5)manufactured 6) options 7)finance8) replacement 9) survived 10) pick out 11) married 12)grabbed at2.1) survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2) almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3) of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4) several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5) straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1) inquiry; died of hunger; people survied2) Instantly; give up his; retire; replace him; executive 3) his beloved; odd jobs; and all thatII Word Formation1.embarrassment2. survivors3. newly4. marketable5. monthly6. competition7. conceivable8.respectableIII. Usage1.the poor2. The deceased/The dead3. the disabled4. the French5. The accused6. the young7. theunemployed 8. the latter…the former…Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze1.Text-related1)died of 2) instantly 3) classic 4)ask around 5) surviving 6) retire 7)executive 8) replacement9)stock 10) look…in the eye2.Theme-related1)impressed 2) diligence 3) Instead 4) Contrary 5) professionally 6) perform 7) personal8) balance 9) commitment 10) revealedII. Translation1.1) I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you’d better ask around.2) Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3) Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4) As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5) We small retailers can’t compete withsupermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm. He works six days a week. Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights. However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family. On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can. To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6VocabularyⅠ1.1)Fertile2)Reflected3)Overseas4)Slim5)Split6)Sustained7)Glow8)Thrust9)Keen10)Bud11)Previous12)Whichever2.1) The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2) Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3) A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4) I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5) The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1) to broaden; make their way2) disgusts; take a chance on3) the grand; and overseas; reflectedⅡ1. 1) frightened 2) afraid/ frightened2. 1) alike/similar 2) similar3. 1) alive 2) living4. 1) sleeping 2) asleepⅢ1.1) disappointed 2) disappointment 3) disappointing 4) disappoint5) disappointingly 6) disappointing2. 1) attractive 2) attract 3) attraction 4) attractively 5) unattractively6) unattractiveComprehension ExercisesⅠCloze1.Text-related1)Identifying 2) gripped 3) margins4)corresponding 5) overseas 6)little 7)hesitate 8)grateful 9) made my way 10) going my way 2. Theme-related1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4) another 5) threw 6) deliberately 7) reasoned 8) himself9) restaurant 10) matterⅡTranslation1.1) Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7Content QuestionsPair Work1.He thinks animals will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.2.Because he believes they may encounter animal intelligence in their daily life.3.He regards them as a new window on animal intelligence.4.She wanted to get more pineapple.5.He expanded the money supply by breading chips in two.6.It shows he is clever and sly. He ate up the fruit leaving nothing but stems to share with Miles.7.They say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so.8.The author thinks that what behaviorists say is right,but he doesn’t think their explanation is satisfactory enough.9.Because Orky was the most intelligent animal she had worked with.10.Corky is a female whale because she is Orky’s mate and delivered a baby whale.11.Because she thought the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible.12.Towan hid his orange underneath his foot. The act reveals some animals are intelligent enough to know how to deceive.Text Organization1.Eugene Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can provide.2.Let’s Make a Deal: Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Tale of a Whale: Animals like whales can assess a situation and act accordingly.Primate Shell Game: Animals can attempt to deceive.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) controversy (2) consciousness (3) explore (4)serves their own purposes(5) encounter (6) lack of it (7) convinced (8)mental feats (9) captivity (10) humansLanguage FocusI.Vocabulary1.1) go (very) far 2) has expanded 3) in the interest(s) of 4) only to5) encountered 6) has cooperated 7) assessed 8) (had) switched9) horizons 10) gaze 11) disaster 12) wiped out 2.1) … a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not2) … felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly3) ... suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay4) … is obvious that our company is still maintaining its composition as market leader in software.5) … give in until they give her a pay rise3.1) have undertaken, original, to explore2) evidence convinced, underneath, extending to3) to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore II.Confusable Words1. firstly2. first, first3. At first4. First/Firstly5. first6. First7. at first8. firstage1. animal intelligence whose2. zoo keeper where3. eye contact through what4. money supply of what5. killer whale what kind6. baby whale how old7. family member of what8. sea turtle what kind/whereComprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze1.(1) emergency (2) evidence (3) original (4) sizing up(5) negotiates (6) reveal (7) make a deal (8)dominant(9) in their interest(s) (10) deceiving (11) controversy(12) judgment (13) explore2.(1) protect (2) However (3) type (4) situation (5) sights(6) together (7) rang (8) associate (9) without (10) environmentII.Translation1.1) A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2) Let’s make a deal—you wash my car, and I’ll let you use it tonight.3) We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4) My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition5) Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death/exact circumstance of the film star’s death.2.When I was young I used to visit the zoo in myhometown. There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male. They were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger Hill. Twenty years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly extended. Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!Unit 8Pair work1.She was amazed at the author’s ability to do mental calculation.2.Children can’t spell correctly; their knowledge of word history and geography is non-existent3.He didn’t want to compete with the hard-working Asians at U.C.L.A. He preferred a less intellectually challenging life.4.A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force.5.To use the media to dramatize and drive home themessage to today’s teenagers.6.He is fed up with the book he is forced to red.7.They can’t read or write. They place their hopes on their children.8.He works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the Japanese.9.Because he has no education, no useful skill, and no discipline.10.Americans stop demanding good education foe children. Machines do all the complex work and there is little manual work to be done. America is poorer than Japan and European countries.11.Hard work education, saving and discipline help a nation rise from the ashes.12.He finally comes to realize the importance of study.Work on your own1.Part one paras.1-10Teenagers’ idleness and ignorance will produce serious effects on all concerned and society as a whole. Part two paras.11-24Kevin 1990 comes to realize in his dream how greatly lack of education costs his forebears, himself, his children and the society they live in, and how important it is to study hard.2.Part oneTeenagers’ intellectual laziness and ignorancePart twoKevin 1990, his forebears(with the exception of his intellectual father),and his children lead a poor, miserable life.America is on the decline.There is no law and order in the country.America children have no chance to receive a good education.Businesses in America are owned by wealthy Europeans and Asians.Language sense enhancementIndifference (1)Summed up (2)Preferred (3)Financial （4）Accumulated （5）Intellectual （6）Affect （7）Industrial （8）Idle （9）Break down （10）VocabularyI1.1.industrial2.idle3.is functioning4.intellectual5.scared6.handful7.luxury8.private9.work up10.slice11.miracle12.was jammed2.1. to be seriously affected by the rise in gas prices。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程unit1课文原文和译文
高职国际进阶英语综合教程unit1课文原文和译文Text A Barbecue partySung Ling from Shanghai is staying with her exchange partner, Kate Miller, in San Francisco.On Ling’s first Saturday, the Millers have a barbecue in their garden. They want to introduce Ling to some of their neighbours. Kate also invites some of her friends from school.Before the barbecue, Ling is a little nervous. “What do I say when you introduce me to somebody?” she asks Kate.“Don’t worry, Ling,” Kate says. “It’s very easy. When I introduce you to an older person, for example Grant Summers, our next-door neighbour, I say, ‘Grant, this is Sung Ling from Shanghai. She’s my exchange partner.’ And then I say to you, ‘Ling, this is Grant Summers. He’s our next-door neighbour.’ And you just say, ‘How do you do, Mr Summers? It’s nice to meet you.’”“Yes, but do I shake hands or just smile?”“Well, with an older person you can shake hands and smile. But remember that in America, we like a firm handshake.”“Okay, Kate,” Ling says, “but what about when I want to introduce myself? Maybe you won’t be there.”“Well, if it’s an older person – Grant’s wife, Susan, for example – you just offer your hand and say, ‘How do you do? I’m Sung Ling from Shanghai. I’m Kate’s exchange partner.’”“And what will the other person say?” Ling asks.“Well, the other person will also say ‘How do you do?’ and tell you his or her name.”“Okay. I’ve got that. But what about younger people? You know, your friends from school.”“Well, just say, ‘Hi, I’m Ling, Kate’s exchange partner.’ It’s very informal.”“And what about people I already know?”“Well, if you see somebody you know after a short time, just say ‘Hello.’ But if you see them after a longer time, then you say, ‘How are you?’ or maybe ‘How are things?’”“And what do I answer if somebody greets me with ‘How are you, Ling?’”“Just say ‘Fine, thanks. And you?’ Then the other person says, ‘I’m fine, too. Thanks.’”“Okay. But I thought you said it’s very easy.”译文：上海来的宋玲与她的交换伙伴凯特·米勒一起住在旧金山。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1unit4课文原文和译文
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1unit4课文原文和译文Different countries, different families – but which is better?IN CHINA during the 1970s, there was a campaign of “One child is good, two are okay, and three are too many.” This was the beginning of the One-Child Policy for people living in towns and cities. People have been able to save money because one child costs much less than two or three children. But these parents do not have children to care for them when they are old and cannot work, because their one child has to take care of his or her own family and has no time or money for his or her parents.However, in 2007, about 30 delegates asked the government to cancel the One-Child Policy. According to them, it was better for children to grow up in families with more than one child. They are happier and learn to share better when they have brothers and sisters. In 2013 the Chinese government said that families where one parent is an only child could have two children. And then, in 2015, more than 30 years after the beginning of the One-Child Policy, the government cancelled the policy completely. This means that all couples can have two children now.IN THE USA, Nadya Suleman gave birth to octuplets in 2009. Twins are two babies born at the same time; octuplets are eight. When theoctuplets were born, Nadya already had six children, who were 7, 6, 5, 3 and twins who were 2 years old. Now she had 14 children.The children lived with Nadya and Nadya’s parents in a three-bedroom house. They had no father.Angela Suleman, Nadya’s mother, said that the house was full of toys which Nadya had bought. That is all she bought. Shedidn’t give her mother any money for food or electricity.Text A课文译文国不同，家不同——孰优孰劣？20世纪70年代的中国曾盛行过这样一个运动口号：一个不少，两个正好，三个多了。
E时代高职英语——综合教程(1)第一单元
Unit 1 A Brand New Day
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I felt that the____________q__u_a__li_t_y_____________ of education was
Situation: As the college English Corner is recruiting
new members, you and your friend want to join in. Since it is the first time to see the members, the host wants everyone to introduce themselves to each other.
D: Didn’t I? I’m doing _s_o__f_t_w__a_r_e__e__n_g__in__e_e_r_i_n__g__.
S: Really? That’s great. You hope to join a company after graduating? D: Maybe. My parents moved to Canada the year I was born. We are living in Toronto. I suppose I
Unit 1 A Brand New Day
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Because it’s centered downtown and it’s around everything. And it’s very
busy and it’s very___________c__o_n_v__e_n__ie__n_t____________________ to
研究生英语综合教程高级本教师用书Unit 1 New Knowledge
Unit 1 New Knowledge↘TapescriptsAll the knowledge has two dimensions, according to Seely Brown. The first is what he called explicit knowledge, which he said “lives in documents and heads”. The second is tacit knowledge, or plain know-how, which resides in people and their practices.Those two dimensions may seem obvious. But the way the two can interact or work in parallel is fascinating, he said. It is “quite impossible”, for instance, to convert the tacit into the explicit, he continued, offering the example of riding a bike to illustrate what he called “the rich interplay” between tacit and explicit forms of knowledge. Anyone who has tried riding a bike next to a right-hand curb, he said, knows that the curb acts almost with magnetic force when the rider tries to steer away from it.“When you pull away you actually steer in to go left” though that is not what your brain would instruct you to do, said Seely Brown. “It is an interesting example of the rich interplay between the tacit and the explicit. Think about that in organizations, in our ability to actually speculate on dimension in the social mind of the organization, too”, he continued.Fluency on the court —and in the community of practice. A successful and effective community of practice is like an outstanding basketball team, according to Seely Brown. People work closely together over a long period of time start to invent own language and develop an ability to read each other instantly. They can count on each to improvise in a coherent way to take advantage of each moment.What we are really suggesting, though — the plus and minus — is that a community of practice creates a boundary in which knowledge flows inside that boundary with spectacular speed. But as it flows spectacularly fast inside that boundary, it also sticks and does not move outside boundary very easily.↘Cultural Tips and Hints1. NASA’s Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) EnterpriseAs one of NASA’s enterprises, HEDS includes the International Space S tation, Space Shuttle, and Life and Microgravity research. It seeks to bring the frontier of space fully within the sphere of human activity for research, commerce, and exploration. The following are goals of the HEDS Enterprise: 1) Increase human knowledg e of nature’s processes using the space environment. 2) Explore and settle the solar system. 3) Achieve routine space travel. 4) Enrich life on Earth through people living and working in space.The NASA Centers’ primary missions to support the HEDS Enterprise are listed in the table below.Center MissionAmes Research Center AstrobiologyJohnson Space Center Human Exploration and Astro MaterialsKennedy Space Center Space LaunchMarshall Space Flight Center Space Transportation Systems and Microgravity Research Stennis Space Center Rocket Propulsion Testing2. Ames Research CenterNASA Ames Research Center, located at Moffett Field, California, was founded Dec. 20, 1939 as an aircraft research laboratory by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and in 1958 it became part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Ames Research Center, one of 10 NASA field installations, is located in the heart of California’s Silicon Valley at the core of the research cluster of high tech companies, universities and laboratories that define the region’s character. With over $3.0 billion in capital equipment, 4,000 research personnel and a $775 million annual budget, Ames’ economic impact is significant. Ames plays a critical role in v irtually all NASA missions in support of America’s space and aeronautics programs.Language Points1. Para.1, L7－8 “This objective embraces the quest for knowledge of …”: this aim includes the pursuit for knowledge of…embrace: v.1) (mainly literary) to put your arms around someone to show love or friendship; to huge.g.: She embraced her baby tenderly.2) (formal) to include somethinge.g.: The study embraces all aspects of the population problem.2. Para.3, L2－3 “…the most commonly experienced, pervasive effects of weightlessness”: the most commonly experienced, obvious effects of weightlessness.pervasive: adj. spreading through the whole of something and becoming a very obvious feature of ite.g.: the pervasive influence of Christianity in the Middle Agescf: pervade: v. pervasively: adv. pervasiveness: n.［U］3. Para.5, L12-13 “…in terms of the cardiovascular systems and ICP changes.”: …concerning the cardiovascular systems and ICP changes.in terms of: with regard to; concerninge.g.: The savings, both in terms of time and money, could be considerable.4. Para.7, L3 “Fiscal year 97 has seen the culmination of…”: Fiscal year 97 has experienced the peak of…see: v. (never progressive) to experience something(if a place or a period of time sees an event, the event happens in that place or during that time)e.g.: The region has seen some of the fiercest fighting in the war.5. Para. 7, L6 “This suite of facilities,…”: this set of facilities,…suite: n.［C］1) a set of roomse.g.: the hotel’s honeymoon suite2) a set of productse.g.: a fully integrated suite of training packages6. Para. 8, L3－4 “New materials and techniques were examined that hold significant promisein…”: New materials and techniques that have a significant prospect in…were examined.promise: n.［U］signs that someone or something is likely to be successful in the futuree.g.: Life was hopeful and full of promise.hold promise:e.g.: This technology holds considerable promise for improving inner city living conditions.show promise:e.g.: He shows great promise as an interpreter.Translation of the Passage人类探索和开发太空的新知识人类太空探索与发展计划将太空领域完全纳入人类活动的范畴之内。
实用大学英语综合教程(高级版)课件 Part 1 Suprasegmental Phonemes
Practice for fun
Exercises
I. Read the following sentences, paying attention to the pause.
1. The story has a satisfying ending. 2. A child is playing in a room with the TV on. 3. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy, and wise. 4. After he did that, all of us were surprised. 5. Unless he were my friend, I should not expect his help. 6. They asked me where they can find her. 7. Last night I happened to meet Karen in the street, who seemed to be very busy. 8. The fact is that nobody take it seriously. 9. College students have more freedom than before and they also grow more and more mature in
实用大学英语综合教程 （高级版）
Part 1 Suprasegmental Phonemes
Unit 1 意群 Unit 2 重读 Unit 3 连读 Unit 4 同化 Unit 5 浊化
Unit 1 意 群
E时代高职英语——综合教程(1) 第三单元
Did you fly over the moon
To plant some trees and water the flowers too
wonderful Sunday trip What a (2) _____________
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TRANSITION PAGE 过渡页
Part
Part
Part
Part
Part
Part
1
Lead-in
2
Listening ＆ Speaking
3
Reading
4
Grammar
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6
Watching Applied & Writing Performing
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Listen to the dialogues and fill in the blanks.
1 Have you ever travelled to any places? Why did you choose these places? 2 What is your most amazing experience while travelling?
Unit 3
Amazing Travel
Unit 3
Amazing Travel
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3
Listen to the song Sunday Trip and then fill in the blanks.
Unit 3
Amazing Travel
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cross the sun Did you ever (1) _____________
S: I’d like to, but I’m afraid I can’t. You see, it’s already 5% off the regular price.
E时代高职英语——综合教程(1) 第六单元
Social Networks
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I: Do you use social networking? J: I try not to.
Absolutely yes. D: ________________,
C: Yes, we use Facebook. I: Okay, why don’t you? (to Joanne) J: I find it invasive ( 侵略性的，攻击性的). I: And why do you use it? (to David)
I: And why do you use it? (to Curt )
come up so you never forget those. And it’s D: Facebook tell you when people’s birthdays ____________,
update Facebook, and our family can also a nice way for when we go travelling, we can ____________
So let’s give some love, not just our likes Look up and into each other’s eyes
’Cause this seems right
高级综合英语教程1
⾼级综合英语教程1Unit 4I. Background to Text 1Sleep is a state of reduced awareness and activity that occurs at regular intervals in most mammals and birds, though there is considerable variation in the amount of time spent sleeping. Sleep differs from hibernation in that it occurs daily rather than seasonally, and involves less drastic reductions in metabolism. The function of sleep is unclear. People deprived of sleep become irritable, uncoordinated, forgetful, hallucinatory, and even psychotic.In humans, sleep is linked with hormone levels and specific brain electrical activity, including delta waves, quite different from the brain’s waking activity.REM (rapid eye movement) phases, associated with dreams, occur at regular intervals during sleep, when the eyes move rapidly below closed lids. In some species sleep may make animals inconspicuous at times when they might be vulnerable to predators.Research on sleep has been going on for years to find the following questions: Why humans of different ages need different length of time sleeping? How long does a human really need to sleep without negative effect? Why can some people cope with fairly little sleep whereas others seem never to have enough sleep? Is it necessary to have a little sleep during the day? Can one change his/her patterns of sleep? What is the relationship between sleep and dream? To find answers to such questions, scientists have conducted a great variety of experiments. The texts chosen for this unit describe some of the findings.II. Detailed study of the text1. optimum (L.2) adj.: the best and most favourable, e.g. optimum environment forthat rare species of animal2. compensate for (L.11): make up for (the disadvantage, loss, etc.)3. highlight (L.13) vt.: draw attention to; emphasise4. …as this is the time that the body’s natural rhythms dip. (L.22)…as in the afternoon, the body’s physiological movement drops below the normal level.dip vi.: drop below the surface or level; slope downwards5. anticipate (L.25) vt.: expect; look forward to6. If we have seven hours’ sleep and still feel dreadful, it is probably because ofthe quality of our sleep rather than the quantity. (L.28)If we have slept for seven hours but still feel very sleepy or tired, it may not be that the time for sleep is not long enough but that the sleep is not sound and peaceful.7. “There is a natural distribution of good and poor sleepers, in the same waythat there is a variation in height,”… (L.30)Just as there are tall persons and short ones, so there are naturally good sleepersand poor sleepers.n atural distribution: the state of being naturally arranged or spread out8. …it is possible for teenagers to reduce their nightly sleep to six hours beforethere are any signs of fatigue. (L.33)…it is possible to reduce teenagers’ sleep to six hours a night before they show any signs of feeling tired.9. Sleep quality is severely affected by alcohol. (L.35)Drinking too much alcohol causes a person to sleep badly.10. refreshing (L.37) adj.: (appreciative) producing a feeling of comfort; giving newstrength, energy and enthusiasm11. disturbed (L.40) adj.: (used here to mean) interrupted or restless; often used todescribe a person who is emotionally upset or confused12. There is little that can be done to ensure a night’s sleep that is trulyrefreshing, except to suit yourself. (L.41)People can do hardly anything to make sure that the sleep at night is refreshing.What they can do is to sleep as they feel comfortable.13. …and if you end up overtired, adjust the goalposts. (L.42)…if in the end you find yourself feeling too tired, adjust your amount of sleeping time.end up:find oneself …eventually; become…in the endgoalpost n.: each of the two upright posts forming the goal in some sports; move the goalposts (idiom) change t he accepted rules or aims in its course to suit one’s conditions14. There are no golden rules. (L.43)There are no rules which are entirely good and applicable to all.15. …the body is happiest sleeping in a conditioned way—in other words, in theway you were brought up to sleep. (L.44)…you feel best if you sleep in the habit you formed as you grew up.16. Mediterranean people s tick with a fiesta, while Inuit respond to daylight, …(L.45)Mediterranean people’s sleep pattern is affected by a fiesta whereas Inuit’s amount of time for sleep varies according to the length of daylight.1) stick with: remain in touch with or faithful to2) fiesta: (especially in Spain or Latin America) a religious festival withdancing and singing, etc.16. T he amount of sle ep we need decreases with age, in proportion to the body’senergy needs. (L.48)As we get old, our body needs less energy and so we need less amount of sleep.in proportion to: in relation to; in correspondence with; at the same rate, e.g. The unemployment decreases in proportion to the growth of the country’s economy. 17. This need declines in old age, until in your eighties when 5 hours a night isthe norm… (L.51)A person’s need for sleep decreases with age. People in their eighties normallyneed only 5 hours’ sleep.18. …Thatcher’s enviable 4 hours a night, put in the context of a 70-year-old,seems less remarkable. (L.53)Thatcher sleeps 4 hours a night, which is envied by people. But compared with the amount of sleep that a 70-year-old personneeds, 4 hours does not seem to be that amazing.context n.: circumstances, conditions, setting19. mortality (L.65) n.: death20.follow-up (L.68) adj.: of anything that follows up; subsequent21.Contributory factors were not discounted,… (L.68)Although no action was t aken to exclude the positive effect of other factors,…1) contribtory adj.: helping to bring about a result; having partial responsibility2) discount vt.: reduce the effect of by previous action; disregard entirely; setaside as inaccurate or irrelevant22. “Shift working abuses the system, and severe shift workers are at a greaterrisk of cracking up physically and mentally in middle age.” (L.71)Working by shift disturbs/has a bad effect on a person’s physical system. Workers of severe shifts face greater danger of collapsing physically and breaking down mentally in middle age.1) abuse vt.: use (one’s position, power, etc,) in the wrong way; treat wrongly,maltreat2) crack up: collapse under strain; suffer an emotional breakdown23. jaded (L.75) adj.: tire and worn-out24. As sleep deprivation continues, then the symptoms worsen and functioningdeteriorates. (L.81)If one continues to be prevented from sleep, then the symptoms get worse and the body’s function changes from bad to worse.1) deprivation n.:the state of being deprived from sth.; the state of beingprevented from using or enjoying2) deteriorate vi.: grow worse25. hallucination (L.83) n.: (the experience of seeing or feeling) something that isnot actual present or real (often caused by mental disorder, drug, etc.)26. …the effect of oversleep is to leave you sluggish. (L.85)…sleeping too much make one feel lazy and inactive.sluggish adj.: unenergetic; lazy; inactive27. …the effect can last several hours and be self-perpetuating on a longer termbasis. (L.87)this kind of feeling (feeling miserable) can last for several hours and can continue longer by itself if one keeps on oversleeping over a longer period of time.1) self-perpetuating adj.: of a kind that causes sth. or sb. to continueindefinitely without external force2) on a longer term basis: over a longer period of time; on a …basis =on thebasis of;28. Research is still in its infancy. (L.89)Research on this has just started.29. Sleep is one of the last frontiers… (L.89)Sleep is one of the last areas which are fully investigated and known…frontier n.: the limits of attainment or knowledge in a subject30. make sense of (L.90): understand; get to know31. synthesise (L.94) vt.: create by the chemical process (of putting parts together to form a complex)III. Answers for Text 1Skills DevelopmentPre-reading3.1) F 2) T 3) F4) T 5) T 6) T7) F 8) F 9) TReading24. 1) Most surveys (British).2) People represented by the author3) American scientists4) Not clear. Probably British surveys.5) Not clear. Represented by the author.6)British experts represented by Dr. Chris Alford.7)Scientists at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California.Reporting is based on facts and information gathered by the author. Direct quotation indicates a definite source whereas indirect quotation is deliberately made vague, as often the author’s opinion is mixed with what is quoted, and sometimes the author thinks that there is no need to make the source accurate or it is too difficult to do so.Post-reading1. C.2. It is open. Because opinions may vary depending on stude nts’ own experiences.3. The Chinese saying based on time-tested observations justifies the scientificfindings that humans need more sleep when they are young. But this need decreases with age. Adults after the age of thirty need much less sleep than adolescents. Elderly people need so little sleep that they often find it difficult to fall asleep.4. Refer the students to Activity 2, which specifies a number of factors which affectsleep.Language Development1. average = normal compensate for = catch upshow = indicate interrupted = disturbeddecrease = decline miserable = dreadfulimportant = crucial worsen = deteriorateneed = require2. this = seven and half hours’ sleepyou = readerthe benefit = gained extra hour or twoit = formal, refer ring to “to have a 10 minutes catnap in the afternoon.The dispute = American vs. Britishwe = British teamwe = reader/peoplethis = the time—afternoonthat = relative pronoun to introduce the object clauseThis need = need for sleepit = the finding of the study that people who slept fewer than 6 hours a night or more than 10 had a significantly increased risk of death in a five-year follow-up periodit = cis 910-octadececenoamide3.pick up—diprefreshing—jaded/sluggishsleepiness—insomnia4.1) The re exist naturally good sleepers and poor sleepers among people…2)…if in the end you find yourself feeling too tired, adjust your amount ofsleeping time.3)As we get old, our body needs less energy and so we need less amount ofsleep.4)Lady Thatcher sleeps 4 hours a night, which is envied by people. Butcompared with the amount of sleep that a 70-year-old person needs, 4 hours’ sleep a night does not seem to be that amazing.5)Research has just started.5.1) The optimum situation for language learning is when the learners are using thelanguage without conscious attention to its form.2)The time needed for the tasks is in proportion to their difficulty.3)The world situation is changing so fast that no one is able to anticipate what’llhappen in the years to come.4)The grand conservation project has been designed on a twenty-year basis.5)After the new Governor took office the economic situation deteriorated.6)He realized that he had only two options: either fighting his way out or stayingand being tortured to death.7)T he actor’s demonstration of emotion induced similar emotion in the audience. 6.1）随着年龄的增长，⼈体需要的能量逐步减少，因此我们需要的睡眠相对减少。
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1unit5课文原文和译文
高职国际进阶英语综合教程1unit5课文原文和译文Home entertainment in the USAWhat is the difference between “entertainment” and “hobbies”? Well, you don’t really do anything with entertainment (you get entertained), while hobbies are more active (you do hobbies).Watching TV is still the most popular form of home entertainment in the USA. According to US government statistics, watching TV is the leisure activity that occupies the most time (2.8 hours per day). This is about half of all leisure time that those aged 15 and over have.Visiting friends or chatting online is the next most common leisure activity. This takes up nearly 45 minutes every day.Men are more interested in spectator sports than women –21 per cent compared with a figure of 16 per cent for women.It is not surprising that on an average day, adults aged 75 and over spend 7.8 hours on leisure activities. This is more than any other age group. Because they have to go to work and run a household, 35-to 44-year-olds spend only 4.3 hours on leisure activities. This is less than any other age group.The time that different age groups spend reading, playing video games or using a computer for leisure is different, too. People aged 75 and over read about one hour per weekend day; they play video games or use a computer for leisure for about 26 minutes. People aged 15 to 19read for an average of only 5 minutes per weekend day, but they spend one hour playing video games or using a computer for leisure.However, this is beginning to change. Just a few years ago,playing computer games and visiting social networking sites like Facebook or MySpace was something almost only young people did. Now, more and more older people are doing it. They find that it can be a wonderful way of relaxing after a hard day’s work.Text A课文译文美国的家庭娱乐“娱乐”与“爱好”区别在哪里呢？娱乐你无需做任何事情（你得到娱乐），而爱好则更加主动一些（你从事业余爱好）。
高级综合英语教程1
⾼级综合英语教程1Unit 6I. Background to Text 1Family is considered to be the “cell” of society. It is a group of people related to each other by blood or by marriage. There are extended families—a large group of relations living together or in close contact with each other. In such a family, usually several generations live under the same roof, including grandparents. On the other hand, there are “nuclear” families, consisting of parents and children.In some societies an extended family consists of a large group of people of different generations closely or distantly related, depending on each other for economic support and security. In others, even nuclear families can be very large with many children.In different countries, there are different policies for family size, and people take different attitude towards it. For instance, in some developed countries, people tend to marry late and have fewer children. Some governments have to give incentives to encourage births. However, in some developing countries, where people tend to have more children and population is growing so fast that it hinders the economic development and keeps the living standard low, governments are forced to formulate policies to limit family size.Of course, people still do not agree as to the matter of family size because there are a lot of factors involved such as economy, religion, cultural tradition, education and even politics. There are indeed advantages and disadvantages to have a number of brothers or sisters. This text is a narration of the experience by a young woman who was brought up with six other brothers or sisters. In her opinion, having a big family is a bad thing, for there is always competition among the brothers and sisters for things. They fight for better beds, for better places to watch TV, for own favourite TV programmes and for parents? care. They have no privacy, no peace and quiet because of too many friends (each has friends of their own) and pets and so on. For parents,having a large family means a heavy burden. Children pose a big pressure for food and clothes, and there is endless housework to do: cleaning and tidying the house; cooking, shipping and washing. What is more, parents often have to deprive themselves of food and clothes as well as of their own free time to provide a decent life for children.II. Detailed study of the text1. sibling n.: a brother or sister2. Large families have been getting a bad press recently. (L.1)There has been more and more written in newspapers or talked about on radio or TV about the negative things of large families nowadays.3. …must all be living on state handouts. (L.2)…are almost certainly living on government?s security benefitshandout n.: money, food etc. given out to people who need it 4. The children out of control, unloved and unwashed. (L.3) The children are badly-behaved, they do not have much of parents? care and appear dirty and untidy.out of control: no longer subject to proper direction or restraint;not under control; not properly directed, managed, trained, disciplined, etc.5. …play truant from school… (L.4)…stay away from school with leave or explanation…6. …none of us from multiple births… (L.7)…none of us are twains or triples…7. …queues for the bathroom were always a nightmare… (L.9)…waiting for the bathroom was always a terrible experience…8. Big families used to be the norm, not the exception. (L.10)Big families were very common in the past, not unusual cases. 9. …when having a large family was an insurance against an uncertain future. (L.12)…at that time, having more children meant that they would have people to rely on for a living when they got old…10. It was common not to make it to adulthood… (L.13)It was common for children to die young before they grew up…make it: survive; succeed11. …I was an only child—so much pressure to achieve, so muchguilt if you’re not around… (L.17)…I was an only child. It was too much pressure to have just one child. Being an only child you often feel guilty if you get away from your parents…12. …it mus t have made you really outgoing and able to stick upfor yourself. (L.21)…growing up with many brothers and sisters must have trained you to be friendly and sociable and to be able you to speak or act in your own defence when necessary.1) outgoing adj.: friendly and sociable2) stick up for sb.: speak or act in one?s defence13. Are you Catholic? (L.22)It probably implies that Catholics tend to have large families.14. I had to sit three-deep in front of the television set. (L.25)I was forced to sit behind my brothers and sisters (three seats)away from the TV set.15. I am now very protective of my privacy and get upset if Idon’t have enough time on my own. (L.26)1) protective adj.: inclined or tending to protect2) on one’s own: alone; without help16. …blot out a row going on at the other end of the sofa. (L.32)…keep a blind eye on or turn a deaf ear to the noisy quarrel of my brothers or sisters on the other end of the sofa.1) blot out: hide from sight; refuse to think about2) row n.: (BrE) a loud noise; a fierce quarrel or dispute17. …I usually wore my sisters’ hand-me-downs…(L.33)…I usually wore the clothes which my sisters had used when they were small…hand-me-downs: a compound word made from the phrase …hand down to me”18. …were you wearing an afghan with a mauve Laura Ashleysmock in 1984?… (L.35)1) afghan n.: a knitted and sewn woolen blanket or shawel(originating from Afghanistan)2)smock n.: a woman?s long loose blouse19. I might not have been able to stop my brothers watchingMatch of the Day, but being a baby had its advantages too.(L.39)It implies that her brothers were fond of watching the programme “Match of the Day”, but since she was little, she was able to stop her brothers watching that programme so that she could watch her favourite programme.20. Having loads of brothers and sisters meant I was exposed to avariety of music…(L.40)Since I had so many brothers and sisters, I was given a chance to listen to different kinds of music while my brothers and sisters were lis tening…21. I was into Radio… when most of my friends hadn’tprogressed past … (L.43)This is an example of the writer keeping up with the time and always leaving her friends far behind in terms of music or pop songs.22. I could secretly borrow my sisters’ slightly-too-bighigh-fashion items… (L.45)When my sisters were away I could try their up-to-date fashionable clothes, which were still slightly too big for me. 23. R owdy night-time giggling was never blamed on me and Idon’t remember ever being told o ff. (L.48)Nobody ever blamed me for noisy laughing at night (even thoughI did it). I don?t remember anybody ever scolding me.tell off: scold or reprimand24. …my parents were remarkably lax about discipline by thetime they got to me. (L.50)…my parent s were extremely lenient to me in matter of discipline.lax adj.: lacking care, concern or firmness25. My oldest sister…a mother herself by the time I came along,had endured immovable curfews… (L.51)My oldest sister…became a mother herself when I was b orn, had never been allowed to stay out late at night and this rule never changed…1) come along: arrive2) curfew n.: an order forbidding people to be in the street aftera certain hour26. …when a new baby was born, the older ones would go backinto n appies in protest… (L.56)…when a new baby was born, the older ones were still so little that they had to wear nappies and would cry when they were put on nappies…27. …put me off domestic drudgery for life. (L.57)…caused me to dislike tedious housework all my life.1) put sb. off: cause one to loose enthusiasm, to feel disgust,for something2) domestic adj.: relating to the home, family, or private life3)drudgery n.: tedious menial work28. …disposable nappies… (L.59)…nappies intended to be thrown away after use…29. At mealtimes, which were always two sittings,…(L.63)For every meal, we had to eat in two groups one after another…30. “I’ve been making a sponge”… (L.66)I?ve been making a sponge cake (or putting)…31. …made me averse to anything mor e strenuous than heatingup ready-to-bake ciabatta… (L.68)…made me reluctant to do anything that is more troublesome than to heat up ready-to-bake ciabatta…1) averse to: reluctant about or opposed to2) strenuous adj.: requiring or performed with great effort orenergy3) heat up: make become hot or warm32. …but we never went without. (L.78)…but the whole family always managed a holiday away from home.go without (sth.): succeed to live without; do without33. …she had ensured everyone else had been inoculated…(L.81)…she had made sure every other member of the family had been vaccinated against disease…34.…Mum only got better because she was worried about thewashing piling up. (L.84)Mum got better just because she worried that there would be nobody to do the washing if she was gone.35. …so family get-togethers are like remakes of TheGodfather… (L.91)…so family reunions are like what in the film The Godfather reappeared again…The Godfather: a US film directed by Francis Coppola (1972), a drama focusing on the power and influence of a Mafia dynasty 36. …have a penchant for…(L.93)…have a liking for something that is slightly disapproved of by others…37. …who knows not to walk between the remote control and thetelevision. (L.93)…implies that the c hild does not need to make so much effort even as to go to the TV set but to use the remote control only.III. Answers for Text 1Skills DevelopmentPre-reading1. You start with group work and end up with class discussion. The teacher may put the main points on the board.2. It begins with individual word and then pair work.Reading2. A.3.The text indicates that the author takes a negative attitude towardsa large family, though she found it nice to be the youngest of siblings and large families are not that bad as the press depicts.4. ●living conditions●dressing●her mother?s experience●her idea of her own family size and life style5.2) a. never asked children to help with houseworkb.ate left-overc.constant shopping, cooking, washing, cleaningd.never did anything for herselfe.always tiredf.had all others inoculated but herselfg.survived typhoid because of her concern for the children7. ●hate housework●hate noise●become selfish●want only one child●get used to ready-made food●have the child well-provided forPost-reading1. This is a role-play activity, designed to motivate students tospeak in English, and improve their ability to organize their ideas orally and elicit information for a specific purpose. To ensure agood performance, students should fully prepare. The teacher may organize the class into groups of four and let students divide up the roles among them. Then students prepare for their own role and jot down the points on a piece of paper. When they finish, they can swap their roles.2. This is a very advanced oral activity. Though preparation can bedone beforehand, much depends on impromptu speech. The teacher may ask every student to prepare a few points for each topic area. When debate starts, students of each side may speak in turn so as to give everyone an opportunity. Then speakers on either side may take the floor of their own accord.3. Remind students of the style of the text.Language Development1. 1) c2. i.3) a 4) b5) d 6) h7) e 8) f9) g2. 1) averse 2) drudgery3) paternal 4) strenuous5) deem 6) drawback3. 1) make it 2) got on my nerves3) tell you off 4) not to mention5) go without 6) make it to7) blotted out 8) have a penchant for9) stick up for 10) on their own4. 1) No, we cannot change the perfect into the simple presentand vice v ersa. Because the “modal + PP” refers to an eventthat happened in the past whereas the “modal +SP” dealswith the present situation. a, b and c all relate to the author?schildhood days but d is concerned with things in general.2)must used in the three cases mentioned above means“supposition” or “hypothesis” whereas might means“possibility”. Therefore, they cannot be swapped either.Note: When must is used to show “supposition” or “hypothesis”,it cannot take the negative. In other words, we cannot put “not”after must. If you want to express the idea, you should use the modal can instead, e.g. They cannot have been great…The rest part of the activity is to use the pattern in stories.Students may do it as an option.5. remember followed by the infinitive indicates an action to takep lace whereas remember followed by a gerundial phrase expresses a finished action.1)Try to open the door with a hammer. (Make efforts to do it.)2)Try opening the door with a hammer. (Do it like this first tosee whether it works.)3)He regretted to tell the truth. (He regretted because he wasgoing to do it.)4)He regretted telling the truth. (He regretted because he haddone it.)5) She forgot to close the door when she left. (The door was notclosed.)6) She forgot closing the door when he left. (She had closed thedoor but she forgot about it.)6. a pain-in-the-stomach gesture：as having pain in the stomachstay-at-home : one who never goes away from hometake-home-pay: pay after the payment of income taxmiddle-of-the-road attitude: impartial; not supporting either side commander-in-chief: the officer in supreme command of a nation?s forcesmother-to-be: future mother; one expecting a baby7. 1）尽管我从来就没有想过做独⽣⼥，—是只要⼀个孩⼦难得做到，⼆是因为是独⽣⼥，⼀旦不在⽗母⾝边会感到内疚不已，但是有很多兄弟姊妹确有其问题。
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Unit 6I. Background to Text 1Family is considered to be the “cell” of society. It is a group of people related to each other by blood or by marriage. There are extended families—a large group of relations living together or in close contact with each other. In such a family, usually several generations live under the same roof, including grandparents. On the other hand, there are “nuclear” families, consisting of parents and children.In some societies an extended family consists of a large group of people of different generations closely or distantly related, depending on each other for economic support and security. In others, even nuclear families can be very large with many children.In different countries, there are different policies for family size, and people take different attitude towards it. For instance, in some developed countries, people tend to marry late and have fewer children. Some governments have to give incentives to encourage births. However, in some developing countries, where people tend to have more children and population is growing so fast that it hinders the economic development and keeps the living standard low, governments are forced to formulate policies to limit family size.Of course, people still do not agree as to the matter of family size because there are a lot of factors involved such as economy, religion, cultural tradition, education and even politics. There are indeed advantages and disadvantages to have a number of brothers or sisters. This text is a narration of the experience by a young woman who was brought up with six other brothers or sisters. In her opinion, having a big family is a bad thing, for there is always competition among the brothers and sisters for things. They fight for better beds, for better places to watch TV, for own favourite TV programmes and for parents‟ care. They have no privacy, no peace and quiet because of too many friends (each has friends of their own) and pets and so on. For parents,having a large family means a heavy burden. Children pose a big pressure for food and clothes, and there is endless housework to do: cleaning and tidying the house; cooking, shipping and washing. What is more, parents often have to deprive themselves of food and clothes as well as of their own free time to provide a decent life for children.II. Detailed study of the text1. sibling n.: a brother or sister2. Large families have been getting a bad press recently. (L.1)There has been more and more written in newspapers or talked about on radio or TV about the negative things of large families nowadays.3. …must all be living on state handouts. (L.2)…are almost certainly living on government‟s security benefitshandout n.: money, food etc. given out to people who need it 4. The children out of control, unloved and unwashed. (L.3)The children are badly-behaved, they do not have much of parents‟ care and appear dirty and untidy.out of control: no longer subject to proper direction or restraint;not under control; not properly directed, managed, trained, disciplined, etc.5. …play truant from school… (L.4)…stay away from school with leave or explanation…6. …none of us from multiple births… (L.7)…none of us are twains or triples…7. …queues for the bathroom were always a nightmare… (L.9)…waiting for the bathroom was always a terrible experience…8. Big families used to be the norm, not the exception. (L.10)Big families were very common in the past, not unusual cases. 9. …when having a large family was an insurance against anuncertain future. (L.12)…at that time, having more children meant that they would have people to rely on for a living when they got old…10. It was common not to make it to adulthood… (L.13)It was common for children to die young before they grew up…make it: survive; succeed11. …I was an only child—so much pressure to achieve, so muchguilt if you’re not around… (L.17)…I was an only child. It was too much pressure to have just one child. Being an only child you often feel guilty if you get away from your parents…12. …it mus t have made you really outgoing and able to stick upfor yourself. (L.21)…growing up with many brothers and sisters must have trained you to be friendly and sociable and to be able you to speak or act in your own defence when necessary.1) outgoing adj.: friendly and sociable2) stick up for sb.: speak or act in one‟s defence13. Are you Catholic? (L.22)It probably implies that Catholics tend to have large families.14. I had to sit three-deep in front of the television set. (L.25)I was forced to sit behind my brothers and sisters (three seats)away from the TV set.15. I am now very protective of my privacy and get upset if Idon’t have enough time on my own. (L.26)1) protective adj.: inclined or tending to protect2) on one’s own: alone; without help16. …blot out a row going on at the other end of the sofa. (L.32)…keep a blind eye on or turn a deaf ear to the noisy quarrel of my brothers or sisters on the other end of the sofa.1) blot out: hide from sight; refuse to think about2) row n.: (BrE) a loud noise; a fierce quarrel or dispute17. …I usually wore my sisters’ hand-me-downs…(L.33)…I usually wore the clothes which my sisters had used when they were small…hand-me-downs: a compound word made from the phrase …hand down to me”18. …were you wearing an afghan with a mauve Laura Ashleysmock in 1984?… (L.35)1) afghan n.: a knitted and sewn woolen blanket or shawel(originating from Afghanistan)2)smock n.: a woman‟s long loose blouse19. I might not have been able to stop my brothers watchingMatch of the Day, but being a baby had its advantages too.(L.39)It implies that her brothers were fond of watching the programme “Match of the Day”, but since she was little, she was able to stop her brothers watching that programme so that she could watch her favourite programme.20. Having loads of brothers and sisters meant I was exposed to avariety of music…(L.40)Since I had so many brothers and sisters, I was given a chance to listen to different kinds of music while my brothers and sisters were lis tening…21. I was into Radio… when most of my friends hadn’tprogressed past … (L.43)This is an example of the writer keeping up with the time and always leaving her friends far behind in terms of music or pop songs.22. I could secretly borrow my sisters’ slightly-too-bighigh-fashion items… (L.45)When my sisters were away I could try their up-to-date fashionable clothes, which were still slightly too big for me. 23. R owdy night-time giggling was never blamed on me and Idon’t remember ever being told o ff. (L.48)Nobody ever blamed me for noisy laughing at night (even thoughI did it). I don‟t remember anybody ever scolding me.tell off: scold or reprimand24. …my parents were remarkably lax about discipline by thetime they got to me. (L.50)…my parent s were extremely lenient to me in matter of discipline.lax adj.: lacking care, concern or firmness25. My oldest sister…a mother herself by the time I came along,had endured immovable curfews… (L.51)My oldest sister…became a mother herself when I was b orn, had never been allowed to stay out late at night and this rule never changed…1) come along: arrive2) curfew n.: an order forbidding people to be in the street aftera certain hour26. …when a new baby was born, the older ones would go backinto n appies in protest… (L.56)…when a new baby was born, the older ones were still so little that they had to wear nappies and would cry when they were put on nappies…27. …put me off domestic drudgery for life. (L.57)…caused me to dislike tedious housework all my life.1) put sb. off: cause one to loose enthusiasm, to feel disgust,for something2) domestic adj.: relating to the home, family, or private life3)drudgery n.: tedious menial work28. …disposable nappies… (L.59)…nappies intended to be thrown away after use…29. At mealtimes, which were always two sittings,…(L.63)For every meal, we had to eat in two groups one after another…30. “I’ve been making a sponge”… (L.66)I‟ve been making a sponge cake (or putting)…31. …made me averse to anything mor e strenuous than heatingup ready-to-bake ciabatta… (L.68)…made me reluctant to do anything that is more troublesome than to heat up ready-to-bake ciabatta…1) averse to: reluctant about or opposed to2) strenuous adj.: requiring or performed with great effort orenergy3) heat up: make become hot or warm32. …but we never went without. (L.78)…but the whole family always managed a holiday away from home.go without (sth.): succeed to live without; do without33. …she had ensured everyone else had been inoculated…(L.81)…she had made sure every other member of the family had been vaccinated against disease…34.…Mum only got better because she was worried about thewashing piling up. (L.84)Mum got better just because she worried that there would be nobody to do the washing if she was gone.35. …so family get-togethers are like remakes of TheGodfather… (L.91)…so family reunions are like what in the film The Godfather reappeared again…The Godfather: a US film directed by Francis Coppola (1972), a drama focusing on the power and influence of a Mafia dynasty 36. …have a penchant for…(L.93)…have a liking for something that is slightly disapproved of by others…37. …who knows not to walk between the remote control and thetelevision. (L.93)…implies that the c hild does not need to make so much effort even as to go to the TV set but to use the remote control only. III. Answers for Text 1Skills DevelopmentPre-reading1. You start with group work and end up with class discussion. Theteacher may put the main points on the board.2. It begins with individual word and then pair work.Reading2. A.3.The text indicates that the author takes a negative attitude towardsa large family, though she found it nice to be the youngest ofsiblings and large families are not that bad as the press depicts.4. ●living conditions●dressing●her mother‟s experience●her idea of her own family size and life style5.2) a. never asked children to help with houseworkb.ate left-overc.constant shopping, cooking, washing, cleaningd.never did anything for herselfe.always tiredf.had all others inoculated but herselfg.survived typhoid because of her concern for the children7. ●hate housework●hate noise●become selfish●want only one child●get used to ready-made food●have the child well-provided forPost-reading1. This is a role-play activity, designed to motivate students tospeak in English, and improve their ability to organize their ideas orally and elicit information for a specific purpose. To ensure agood performance, students should fully prepare. The teacher may organize the class into groups of four and let students divide up the roles among them. Then students prepare for their own role and jot down the points on a piece of paper. When they finish, they can swap their roles.2. This is a very advanced oral activity. Though preparation can bedone beforehand, much depends on impromptu speech. The teacher may ask every student to prepare a few points for each topic area. When debate starts, students of each side may speak in turn so as to give everyone an opportunity. Then speakers on either side may take the floor of their own accord.3. Remind students of the style of the text.Language Development1. 1) c2. i.3) a 4) b5) d 6) h7) e 8) f9) g2. 1) averse 2) drudgery3) paternal 4) strenuous5) deem 6) drawback3. 1) make it 2) got on my nerves3) tell you off 4) not to mention5) go without 6) make it to7) blotted out 8) have a penchant for9) stick up for 10) on their own4. 1) No, we cannot change the perfect into the simple presentand vice v ersa. Because the “modal + PP” refers to an eventthat happened in the past whereas the “modal +SP” dealswith the present situation. a, b and c all relate to the author‟schildhood days but d is concerned with things in general.2)must used in the three cases mentioned above means“supposition” or “hypothesis” whereas might means“possibility”. Therefore, they cannot be swapped either.Note: When must is used to show “supposition” or “hypothesis”,it cannot take the negative. In other words, we cannot put “not”after must. If you want to express the idea, you should use the modal can instead, e.g. They cannot have been great…The rest part of the activity is to use the pattern in stories.Students may do it as an option.5. remember followed by the infinitive indicates an action to takep lace whereas remember followed by a gerundial phrase expresses a finished action.1)Try to open the door with a hammer. (Make efforts to do it.)2)Try opening the door with a hammer. (Do it like this first tosee whether it works.)3)He regretted to tell the truth. (He regretted because he wasgoing to do it.)4)He regretted telling the truth. (He regretted because he haddone it.)5) She forgot to close the door when she left. (The door was notclosed.)6) She forgot closing the door when he left. (She had closed thedoor but she forgot about it.)6. a pain-in-the-stomach gesture：as having pain in the stomachstay-at-home : one who never goes away from hometake-home-pay: pay after the payment of income taxmiddle-of-the-road attitude: impartial; not supporting either side commander-in-chief: the officer in supreme command of anation‟s forcesmother-to-be: future mother; one expecting a baby7. 1）尽管我从来就没有想过做独生女，—是只要一个孩子难得做到，二是因为是独生女，一旦不在父母身边会感到内疚不已，但是有很多兄弟姊妹确有其问题。