人因工程课程设计

《人因工程》课程设计

题目：人因工程在交通信号灯中的设计与应用

学院：机电工程学院

专业班级： 14工业工程二班

姓名：汪长鑫王浩

学号: 1401040210 1401040222

时间： 14-15周

指导教师：吴海

摘要

现在交通安全对于我们的日常生活越来越重要，交通信号灯与我们的日常生活联系越来越紧密。交通信号灯的出现，使得交通得以有效管制，对于疏导交通流量，提高道路通行能力减少交通事故有明显效用。但是交通信号灯也存在以下几个问题，本次课程设计研究旨在发现设计及安装不合理的状况

1.传统红绿灯(全屏灯)每个方向一组，共四组。这种红绿灯控制简

便但是缺点是只适合小型城市，由于没有各灯的停留时间，极易造成驾驶员误判从而导致交通拥堵。

2.箭头型红绿灯每个方向三组，共十二组。这种红绿灯应用广泛，

该模式下各方向车辆行人只需要按照相应指示箭头通行，缺点是绿灯时间较短，等待时间长，驾驶者容易心理焦躁。

3.红绿灯倒计时显示器与信号灯颜色不一致。容易出现闯红灯

4.部分红绿灯是单灯，通过变换颜色来控制交通，这种单一刺激的

情况下（即只有颜色）感知觉系统所需要的时间会较长

针对发现的问题及缺陷，运用人因工程学方面的知识进行重新考察和设计，提出部分建议，对机动车、非机动车、人行横道信号灯及信号灯灯架中存在的缺陷进行重新设计，力求重新设计的道路交通信号灯在交通安全中发挥作用。

关键词：道路交通信号灯，不合理设计，误判，心理焦躁，闯红灯

Abstract

Now the traffic safety of our daily life more and more important, traffic lights in touch with our daily life more and more closely. The emergence of the traffic lights, make traffic is effectively controlled, for facilitating traffic flow, improve road traffic capacity to reduce traffic accidents have obvious effect. But there are also several problems with traffic lights, the course design of study aims to find the status of the design and installation is unreasonable

1. The traditional traffic light lamp (full screen) each direction a group,

a total of four groups. The traffic light control is simple but the downside is only suitable for small city, because there is no residence time of each lamp driver misjudgment caused by extremely easily lead to traffic jams.

2. The arrow lights three groups in each direction, twelve groups. Under this model is widely used at the traffic lights, the direction of traffic just need to follow the instructions of the corresponding arrow, the disadvantage is that green time is shorter, waiting time is long, the driver easy psychological anxiety.

3. The traffic lights countdown display and light color is not consistent. It's easy to have a red light

4. Part of the traffic light is light, through the change color to control

the traffic, the single stimulus (that is, the only color) under the condition of perceptual system need time will be longer

In view of the problems and defects found, using the knowledge of human factors engineering to inspect and design, puts forward some Suggestions, for motor vehicles, non-motor vehicles and pedestrian crossing the defects existing in the light and signal light fixtures are redesigned, makes every effort to set

目录

摘要 (2)

Abstract (3)

一、引言 (6)

1.2研究目的 (6)

1.3研究内容 (6)

二、理论依据 (6)

2.1人的视野和视距 (6)

2.2人的反应时间 (8)

三、道路交通信号灯设置与安装规范 (9)

3.1道路交通信号灯类型 (9)

3.2机动车、非机动车、人行横道信号灯安装位置要求 (11)

3.3信号灯安装高度要求 (12)

四、信号灯现状分析 (13)

4.1问题发现与分析 (14)

4.2问题改善 (17)

五、应用及原理 (19)

六、参考文献 (20)