【火线100天】中考英语 基础语法八 动词的分类

（八）动词的分类01 命题趋势考标导向化近年来对动词的考查主要是动词的种类及各类动词的基本区别，动词的基本变化形式，常见的动词的词义辨析及短语动词的辨析，其中，动词和短语动词的辨析以及动词的基本变化形式是考查的重点和热点。

预计2015年动词考查的趋势将是：在具体的语言环境中考查基础动词及其短语动词的辨析。

02 定义概念清晰化动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。

按照其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情态动词四类。

行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词),不及物动词(本身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词)；系动词(不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语)；助动词(本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等)；情态动词(本身有一定意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气)。

03 知识归类知识网络化1.不及物动词要想接宾语，必须在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。

如：The baby is smiling at us.小孩正对着我们笑呢。

He died of hunger.他死于饥饿。

Please listen to the teacher carefully.请仔细听老师讲课。

2.双宾语动词后面跟两个宾语，直接宾语为动词直接涉及的事物；间接宾语往往指涉及的人。

间接宾语有时可放到后面去，由介词to或for引导，变成介词短语。

◆能接以to引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring,give,leave,lend,offer,pass,play,read,send,show,take,teach,tell,write等。

如：Could you lend your dictionary to me?请你把你的字典借我用用好吗？She passed the salt to him.她把盐递给了他。

◆能接以for引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring,build,buy,cook,cut,fetch,find,get,keep,make,order,save,pick,play,sing,take,win,write等。

如：Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.母亲每天都为我们做早饭。

I’ll fetch a chair for you.我去给你拿一个凳子。

【题组训练】( )1.(2014·眉山)—Who _____ the tennis gameyesterday?—Jack，he _____ all the others.A.beat;wonB.won;wonC.beat;beatD.won;beat( )2.(2014·河南)Choosing the right circle offriends will ____ us a lot of troubles，heartachesand possibly a life of deep regret.A.saveB.shareC.keepD.bring( )3.(2014·十堰)—Smart phones are more and morepopular now.—So they are.But they still _____ too much.A.pay B .cost C.take D.spend( )4.(2014·山西)During the World Cup，a largenumber of soccer fans fly to Brazil.It has _____a great place for fans to have fun.A.madeB.keptC.become( )5.(2014·宿迁)—Tom is an honest boy，_______he?—Yes.We trust him all the time.A.isn’tB.isC.doesD.doesn’t【题组训练】( )6.(2014·眉山)—Shall we go for a walk? — ______great.A.FeelsB.SoundsC.TurnsD.Looks( )7.(2014·荆州)—Do you like swimming in winter?—Of course.The water _____ a bit cold at first ，but then I am warm and full of energy.A.feelsB.tastesC.smellsD.looks( )8.(2014·河北)Mom is making dinner. It_____ so nice!A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sounds ( )9.(2014·宿迁)—Your trainers _____ colourful.—Yes.And they are popular among young people. A.feel B.smell C.taste D.look ( )10.(2014·乐山)—I can’t stand the smell of the stinking tofu.—Would you like to have a try? It _____ quite delicious!A.looksB.soundsC.tastes【题组训练】( )11.(2014·台州)—Are you interested in——Not so much. We_____see real products butpictures.A.shouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t( )12.(2014·威海)—Bob，Where is Linda?—She ________ be in the library.But I am not sure.A.mustB.mayC.needD.has to( )13.(2014·菏泽)—Look，someone left a book.—Oh，yeah…This book_____ be Kitty’s. Only shelikes to read this kind of books.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might( )14.(2014·福州)—Lisa，hurry up! The bus iscoming.—Oh，no. We ____ cross the street until the trafficlights turn green.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.should( )15.(2014·江西)Last year I ______ drive.I usedto take the bus.A.couldB.couldn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t注意:对于动词+副词类的短语，如果是名词作宾语，那么这个名词既可以放在短语之间也可以放在短语的后面，但是如果是代词作宾语，则代词一定要放在短语之间。

如：He turned off all the lights when he left.当他离开时，他关上了所有的灯。

He picked it up and gave it to me.他捡起它，然后把它交给了我。

【题组训练】( )16.(2014·咸宁)—When will your new book _______?—It has not been decided yet.A.find oute outC.look upD.set up( )17.(2014·山西)—Mum.I did best in our group discussion today.—Well done! I _________ you.A.am mad atB.am patient withC.am proud of( )18.(2014·河南)This bus doesn’t go to the train s tation.I’m afraid you’ll have to ______ at the library and take the A52.A.take offB.put offC.get offD.turn off( )19.(2014·十堰)—The song Where did the time go _____ the old days and the love of family. —Sure.It’s my favorite song.A.helps us outB.reminds us ofC.lets us downD.regards us as( )20.(2014·安徽)As time _______，you’ll come to think of English as your friend and love it.A.goes byB.runs outC.takes offD.turns up04 整合集训反馈层级化( )1.—Can I borrow your English book,please? —Sure.But you must ______ it to me soon.A.keepB.buyC.returnD.hold( )2.—Have you ever listened to the song Baby? —Yes,it _____ wonderful.All of us like it very much.A.smellsB.soundsC.looksD.tastes ( )3.—How about the silk skirt?—It ______ soft!I’ll take it.A.tastesB.soundsC.smellsD.feels ( )4.After the serious illness,he finally _____ how important health is.A.realizedB.meantC.addedD.impressed( )5.The old man’s eyesight isn’t very good.He often ______ Tim for Jim.A.regardsB.treatsC.mistakesD.thinks( )6.—Why is Lily so popular among the students? —Because she often_____us with help and care.A.givesB.offersC.providesD.supports( )7.—Do you think Houston Rockets will beat Lakers?—Yes.They have better players,so I ______ them to win.A.hopeB.thinkC.dependD.expect( )8.—How long do you think the terrible weather will______?—Why not listen to the weather report?A.appearstC.changeD.discover ( )9.Listen! The whole class is quiet now. It _____ that everyone falls asleep.A.seemsB.looksC.soundsD.gets( )10.The children are making too much noise.Ican’t ____ it.A.standB.hearC.considerD.know( )11.Wow,the dish _____ delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it?A.keepsB.tastesC.soundsD.feels( )12.—Why does Zhang Lei look unhappy? —Because her best friend d idn’t _____ her to go on a picnic.A.makeB.letC.inviteD.refuse( )13.David _______ his friend’s invitation to the picnic in order to stay at home and have a good rest.A.expectedB.refusedC.receivedD.told( )14.—Who’s that boy in the red coat?—He is my new friend.Let me ______him to you. A.introduce B.tellC.promiseD.say( )15.—What about the picture over there?—It ________ nice.A.tastesB.getsC.looksD.sounds( )16.—May I go to the cinema,Mum? —Certainly.But you _____ be back by 11 o’clock. A.can B.may C.must D.need( )17.— ____I speak to May,please?—I’m sorry she ____ come to the phone because she is busy now.A.Might;won’tB.Can;mustn’tC.May;can’tD.Could;shouldn’t( )18.—I want to know if I ______ smoke here. —No,you_______ .Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?A.can;needn’tB.must;can’tC.shall;won’tD.can;mustn’t( )19.My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _______ look it up.A.mustB.shouldC.wouldD.has to( )20.—_____ you pass me the dictionary,please? —Sure.Here you are.A.CouldB.NeedC.MustD.Might( )21.—Must I go there with you?—No,you____ .David ______ go with me.A.mustn’t;canB.can’t;mustC.don’t;shouldD.needn’t;may( )22.You ______ be careful when crossing the road—the traffic lights aren’t working.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.may( )23.—Could I borrow your ruler? —Yes,of course you _______.A.willB.shouldC.canD.need( )24.—I’ve taken someone else’ s green sweater by mistake.—It _______ Henry’s.He always wears green.A.has to beB.will beC.mustn’t beD.could be( )25.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but luckily everyone _______ get out. A.had to B.wouldC.was able toD.could( )26.—Is Paul coming by train?—He should,but he _______.He likes driving his car.A.can’tB.needn’tC.may notD.mustn’t( )27.—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?—No,it _______ be him.I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.A.can’tB.must notC.won’ tD.may not( )28.Susan,you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.may not( )29.—Listen!Someone is singing in the next room. Who____ it be? Is it Zhu Lei?—No.It ______ be her.She is at school now.A.will;may notB.must;mustn’tC.may;can’tD.may;won’t( )30.Susan’s parents have bought a large hou se with a swimming pool.It _______ be very expensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t( )31.—Do you know if he is still living? —I’m not sure.I think he _______die in a battle in 1943.A.have toB.shouldC.mustD.might( )32.—You can sit and read the books here if you _____.—Thank you very much.A.canB.willC.mayD.must( )33.—Must I wash all the clothes this afternoon?—No,you_______.A.don’t have toB.mustn’tC.can’tD.may not( )34.—_______ the work be finished by the end of this week?—Yes,it must.A.WillB.ShallC.NeedD.Can( )35.—_______ I go there at once?—No,I don’t think you ____ now.It’s still early.A.Can;have toB.Do;need toC.Need;mustD.May;would( )36.—Tom,it’s cold outside. _______your coat when you go out.—OK,Mum.A.Take offB.Take awayC.Put awayD.Put on( )37.I work very hard because I don’t want to______ .A.let my parents downB.let down my parentsC.let my parents to be disappointedD.let my parents go ( )38.—When will Han Han’s new book ________? —Sorry,I don’t know.Im looking forward to his new book,too.e one oute ine over( )39.—Great changes have taken place in this city.—Right.Many modern buildings have been _______ these days.A.turned upB.put upC.shown upD.fixed up( )40.Dont worry!Im sure you’ll _______ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.A.catch up withB.agree withC.get along well withD.make friends with参考答案：(八)动词的分类题组训练1—5DABCA6—10BAADC11—15BBBAB 16—20BCCBA整合集训1—5CBDAC6—10CDBAA11—15BCBAC 16—20CCDDA21—25DBCDC26—30CABCA 31—35DBACC36—40DABBC。