2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十二(18页,word版)
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十(19页,word版)
[一]That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role. A huge black curtain 5 me from the crowd.My heart raced so rapidly that it would 6 out of my chest. A rush of 7 shot through my body when the music began and I took my 8 at the center of the stage. I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and 9 into the air. Then I started to come 10 for my landing，preparing to jump again，and yet my foot 11 .I fell，face-first. For a moment I couldn’t 12 ，wondering if I should go on. 13 ，trained for thousands of hours for twelve years，my muscles ignored the 14 of my mind and I 15 myself back on my feet. I finished the part and left the stage. Bending over a table，I tried to 16 tears. I didn’t want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes.I didn’t 17 the lead role.Then came my teacher. “The 18 thing on stage is to fall. You’ve gotten it，so what’s left to 19 ？Just go and give it all.”Her words 20 me. Minutes later，I went back onstage and completely let go of 21 .I just danced，letting the music guide me through the movement.Now，as a Principal Dancer，I often think about that performance. We fall when we try our hardest. There is no 22 ，only pride. Falling is 23 and sometimes it is easier just to stay on the 24 .But if we never get up，we will never experience what it is like to fly. 5．A. covered B．hidC．protected D．drove6．A. beat B．dropC．run D．shout7．A. amazement B．excitementC．sadness D．satisfaction8．A. time B．turnC．place D．order9．A. flew B．spunC．rose D．looked10．A. out B．inC．down D．off11．A. slipped B．stoppedC．stepped D．advanced12．A. think B．cryC．move D．believe13．A. Therefore B．HoweverC．Otherwise D．Instead14．A. loss B．painC．relief D．hesitation15．A. found B．draggedC．accustomed D．allowed16．A. dry up B．wipe outC．burst into D．fight back17．A. play B．deserveC．get D．finish18．A. unexpected B．awkwardC．common D．worst19．A. go B．doC．lose D．say20．A. awoke B．enrichedC．excited D．surprised21．A. the music B．myselfC．the teacher D．others22．A. excuse B．fearC．benefit D．shame23．A. shocking B．interestingC．rare D．terrible24．A. spot B．roadC．ground D．stageprotect保护；drive驱赶，驾驶。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十一(17页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十一[一]In the basement of a 27-storey landmark tower in Stockholm,Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.He is the chief executive of Plantagon,a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital.He is by no means the first enthusiast for indoor farming,which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years.Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming.Plantagon’s early promises reflect this new optimism.Petterson calls the farm’s approach “agric ul ture”—the combination of agriculture,technology and architecture,hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.The term may be new,but the concept isn’t.Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such as hydroponics (growing plants without soil) and aeroponics (in which plants are grown in air over containers).Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil.Plantagon plans to grow high-value foods in a pumice-like material rather than soil.Water for the plants is measured precisely.It will also dehumidify(除湿)the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero pared with conventional agriculture,it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops.Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms,which have to create artificial sunlight.Although advances in the efficiency of LED lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years,plants use only about 1 percent of the artificial light produced.This leads to a great waste of energy,most of which disappears as heat.The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the building’s air conditioners.【语篇导读】在斯德哥尔摩一座地标性的27层塔楼的地下室里,佩特森希望播下室内都市农业革命的种子。
2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习阅读理解专题训练：训练2 说明文(Ⅱ)(含解析)
训练2 说明文(Ⅱ)A(2019·济南模拟)“Helicopter parenting”describes a style of raising children where parents are over－protective and do too much.It describes parents who watch over their kids at home and on the playground like a helicopter.Today，modern technology allows these helicopter parents to watch over from even far away. 1Julie Lythcott wrote a book titled Break Free of the O v erparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kids for Success. In her book，she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. 2 Julie Lythcott says she experienced the effects of “Helicopter parenting”first－hand when she worked as dean of first year students. 3 But many were unable to take care of themselves.They were turning to parents constantly for guidance，for problem solving，to have them make the choice about something.So what can parents do if they want to break the overparenting “he licopter” cycle? 4◆Stop saying “we”when you mean your son or your daughter.All too often a parent would say “we are on the travel soccer team”．Well，no，your son is or your daughter is.◆Stop arguing with all of the adults in our kids' lives.You need to teach your kids to advocate for themselves.◆Stop doing your kids' homework.◆ 5 Teach them to cross the street，make a meal，and remember to put their own items in their backpacks，which becomes a briefcase one day.When kids have all the skills to take care of themselves，they will be prepared for adulthood.A. Four ways are offered to stop watching over your children.B．She also explains why parents should stop it.C．It's a good idea to encourage your kid to do the things he can by himself.D．They can give their children directions at any moment from anywhere.E．Build your kids' skills.F．The freshmen were very smart and accomplished on paper.G．Your kid is eager for more freedom，but should you give it to him?本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当今社会的一种典型的教育方式——“直升机养育法”，即父母过度保护孩子。
2019届二轮复习 阅读理解说明文类型(10篇)训练之一((20页word版答案含有解析)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解说明文类型10篇训练之一[一]You can't walk into the office without Rihanna's voice singing “work work work work work work” in your head.And that one line from Lady Gaga's Bad Romance still makes you want to scream.These are commonly known as earworm songs—those sticky tunes that continue to play in your head.A recent study finds that more than 90% of adults report hearing earworm songs on a weekly basis.Fortunately，most people report earworm songs as pleasant.But others find them annoying or even maddening.“Some people are troubled by them to the point that it disturbs life，” says Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis，a professor at the University of Arkansas who has studied earworm songs.Margulis says earworm songs tend to have some predictable characteristics.For one thing，they tend to small parts of a song—not the whole track.And “the songs you've heard recently also have the most possibility to get stuck in your memory，” she says.But sometimes something strange and unpredictable can also start a track paying in your head.“Once I was at the doctor's office and saw a poster of a man who I thought looked like Gaston—a character from Beauty and the Beast，” Margulis recalls.A couple minutes passed，and she realized she couldn't get Be Our Guest，the song in the movie，out of her head，even though she hadn't thought of the tune in years.In that instance，she was able to identify her earworm's trigger：the Gastonlooking man in the poster.“But the connections can be really unclear，” she says.Margulis points out that，in all of human history，recorded music is a very new phenomenon.She says some have inferred that earworm songs are also new—the unintended consequence of being able to hear the same song played everywhere in the same way over and over again.So far，the convincingexplanation for why human beings experience earworm songs remains a mystery.But there are some wellestablished ways to cast off the earworm songs.“Finding a mentally demanding task and putting your mind on it usually shifts attention away from internal music.People tend to get earworms when performing tasks that don't require their full attention—stuff like doing the dishes，” Margulis says.Chewing gum can also help.When a song is stuck in our heads，it's almost like we're singing along with it.If you make your mouth do something else—chewing gum，eating a meal or talking with a friend—that can kick out the earworm.You could also face your enemy.By listening to the full track that includes the passage stuck in your head，you may find “closure” and relief.28．Which of the following is most likely to be an earworm song?A．A song made up of simple words.B．A song heard frequently these days.C．A song sung by a most famous singer.D．A song learned during one's childhood.29．What does t he underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Type. B．Tune.C．Cause. D．Characteristic.30．We can infer that earworm songs may ．A．result from modern technologyB．be experienced over mealsC．help regain lost memoriesD．hurt one's hearing31．What is mainly talked about in the last three paragraphs?A．Why we hear earworm songs.B．Where to find earworm songs.C．When we hear earworm songs.D．How to get over earworm songs.【语篇解读】耳朵虫歌曲，即歌曲的某个片段不由自主地反复在脑子里出现且不受控制的现象。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二(13页word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二[一]Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into finished goods. That is why seaports often have cities nearby. But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers. Their development did not happen simply by chance.About 1815，when many Americans from the east coast had already moved toward the west，trade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time，drawn by horses or oxen，were too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europe's canals. In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem. From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long strip of low land. Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After several years of work it was completed in 1825.The canal produced an immediate effect. Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what had been. New York City，which had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston，quickly became the leading city of the coast. In the years that followed，transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Mississippi River. Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the Mississippi.The coming of the railroads made canal shipping less important，but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas.Exports from New York were greater than imports. Consequently，shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of these people remained in the city. Others stayed in New York for a few weeks，months，or years，and then moved to other parts of the United States. For these great number of new Americans New York had to provide homes，goods，and services. Their labor helped the city become great.21. Why do seaports often have cities nearby?A. Because raw materials can be made into finished goods there.B. Because seaports need their geographical location.C. Because seaports become great industrial centers.D. Because their development happen simply by chance.22. The Erie Canal was completed in about .A. 5 yearsB. 10 yearsC. 15 yearsD. 20 years23. The wagons drawn by horses or oxen at that time were for moving heavy goods very far.A. slowB. expensiveC. both A and BD. cheap24. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas because of .A. the wagonsB. the shipsC. the Erie CanalD. the trains25. All of the following factors made New York the largest city of America EXCEPT .A. Many of the people from European countries remained there.B. Other European people stayed there for some time and moved to other parts of the United States.C. New York provided a lot of homes, goods and service for these foreigners.D. The Europeans were very homesick after staying in the U.S. for a period of time.参考答案：21. A 细节理解题。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十五(18页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十五[一]Coke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886,making it a favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries.This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂).If you have a bunch of small rusty objects,put them in coke overnight and give them a good scrub in the morning.Coke helps to break down the rust,making cleaning much easier.Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.Like the previous item,the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke can be an excellent window cleaner.This is especially useful for car windows.Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window,and then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter in the drink.As coke is full of sugar,you should clean the sticky matter off the window,or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time,one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down.If you have been sprayed,stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke—wait for a few minutes,and then wash yourself with a shower.Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom.The black is almost impossible to remove;this is caused by over-cooking.To remove the black and renew your pot,pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat.After an hour or so,wash the pot as normal.【语篇导读】可乐是一种受大众喜爱的饮品,除此之外它还有其他妙用。
2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习阅读理解专题训练：训练4议论文(含解析)
练习4议论文A〔2021威海二模〕It's Nice to be Home1 I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.They were wonderful adventures filled with new sights and experiences.And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages.We're home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. 2 I find that when I am at home, particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip , I feel very comfortable.Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking. 3 Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants , although it's nice to let someone else do the cooking , and because I can sleep in my own bed.There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home and I'm sure I would be very comfortable if that were to happen. 4Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so. 5 Still , one of the best things about travelling for me is coming home.I'm very comfortable here at home even if it is difficult to say exactly why.A . I like to travel very much.B. I enjoy local food while travelling.C. I like being home , for whatever reason.D. Perhaps it is because our friends are here.E. And I enjoy my daily life at home so much.F. We want to see as much of the world as we can.G. It's lucky that my wife and I both love travelling.本文是一篇议论文.作者很喜欢旅游,但每次旅游回到家都感到很舒服,或许由于周围的一切很熟悉,或许由于可以在家吃饭,或许由于可以睡在自己的床上.1. A ［根据本段内容并结合I' have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.〞和And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages.〞可知作者很喜欢旅游. ］2. E ［根据第二段首句We're home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. 〞中的our daily routine of life 可知E 项正确.］3. D ［上句提到Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking. 〞下句提至U Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants.“因止匕过渡句中也应出现关键词perhaps it is because, 故D 项正确.］4. C ［通过第二段的表达并结合第三段首句Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while〞中的关键词have been home 可知作者很喜欢在家.］5. F ［根据上两句I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so.〞可知作者想尽可能多地游览世界各地.］B〔2021西安市质量检测〕Each year, many animal species die out.They join the countless species that have gone extinct〔灭绝的〕over the course of the earth's history and many people believe they disappear forever. 6 Now some scientists are focusing on the ability to bring back extinct species.This doesn't mean the plot of Jurassic Park is going to become a reality.The researchers need DNA to clone a species.7 Dinosaurs have been gone too long for any of their DNA to remain in fossils〔化石〕.But there's a very real chance that we will be able to bring back more recently extinct species.8 In 2003 , a team of Spanish and French scientists recreated the Pyrenean ibex, which had gone extinct three years' earlier.The new animal didn't survive long , but scientific advances could improve the success rate.In January, Australian scientists announced that they were on their way to bringing back the gastric brooding frog.That we can bring species back doesn't mean that we should do that.There may be much benefit of reviving〔使复生〕a species, but there's no way to know how it will turn out. 9 Or might it crowd out existing species? Environmentalists worry that our ability to bring species back might cut down support for the hard work of traditional conservation.10 If we can correct our mistake , why not use the chance to do that? As Stewart Brand , a businessman and environmentalist , recently said , “ Humans have made a huge hole in nature.We have the ability now to repair some of that damage.〞A. However , some people argue that the extinction of some animals is really our mistake.B. In addition , most people think that the extinction of some animals is really human's mistake.C. This could even include Ice Age animals like the woolly mammoth.D. However, you might need to redefine〔重新定义〕“fore ver.〞E. For example, would a passenger pigeon fit into its old habitat〔栖息地〕?F. This could even be true to dinosaurs that have been extinct long ago.G. DNA is the chemical that carries the structure of a living thing.本文是一篇议论文,主要讲述了我们可以用克隆手段来使灭绝的动物重新回到世界上但这并不意味着我们应该那样去做.6. D ［空格前指出“许多人认为一些动物物种会永远消失〞；第二段首句指出“现在一些科学家正致力于恢复这些灭绝物种的研究〞；由此可知,口项“然而,你也许需要重新定义‘永远’这个词的含义〞与上文中的“forever〞照应,且引出下文内容,符合语境.应选D.］7. G ［根据上文可知,研究人员需要DNA来克隆一个物种；根据下文可知,恐龙已经消失太久了,它们的DNA存在于它们的化石当中；由此可知 ,此处应是对DNA进行介绍,G 项“DNA是一种携带了生物结构的化学物质〞承上启下,符合语境.应选Go ］8. C ［根据上文可知,我们真的有时机能够恢复更接近现代的灭绝物种；根据下文可知 , 空格后主要讲述的是研究例证；由此可知,C项“这甚至包括冰川时期的动物如猛吗象〞承接上文,下文的例子那么对其进行了进一步论证,符合语境.应选Co ］9. E ［根据空格后的Or〞表并列可知,此处与下文应是对称的一般疑问句. E项“例如, 旅鸽能够适应之前的栖息地吗〞与下文衔接密切,符合语境.应选E.］10. A ［根据第四段内容可知,恢复物种也许会有很多好处 ,但“我们〞无法知道结果如何.环保人士担忧恢复物种的水平也许会对传统的保护物种的艰辛工作产生不良影响；空格后句意：如果“我们〞能纠正自己的错误,为什么不利用这次时机呢？由此可知,上下文之间构成转折关系. A项中的However...our mistake.〞照应下文,符合语境.应选A.］C〔2021成都二珍〕Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together. 11 Together, however, the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing〔调味酱〕,but the green vegetables , tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.From this point of view , America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies , but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life. 12 Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity ; that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.13 Here, society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together , sacrificingtheir original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense , America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols. 14 In such aculture , symbols like the flag and the nation's official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot , America can be best described as a mixture of both. 15A . Both are correct depending on one's point of view.B. They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.C. This is why there is so much diversity within America.D. In other words , America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.E. Thus, one needs to abandon one's culture to be considered “American".F. They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.G. The other theory , which is also used to describe American society , is the melting pot.本文是一篇议论文,主要谈论了美国就像一个沙拉碗或熔炉,来自世界各地的人们构成了美国多元化的社会.11. B ［根据下文中的the ingredients make up a unity 〞和can all be seen for what they are〞可推测出,此段主要论述虽然美国社会就像一碗沙拉,所有的原料都混合在一起,但各种原料却没有因此失去自己的特色,即我们能看到不同种类的文化组成了现在的美国社会.所以 B 项符合上下文语境.应选B.］12. C ［根据下文中的Each ethnic group has its own special...and defend.〞可知,每个民族都有自己要保护和保卫的特殊的文化、语言、食物和传统.由此可推断出,此处解释了美国多元文化存在的原因. C项符合上下文语境.应选Co ］13. G ［根据第一段中的两种观点 a salad bowl〞和a melting pot〞及空格后的3ne large potof soup〞可知,本段要介绍另外一种观点. G项说法和第一段中的第二种观点一致.应选Go ］14. F ［根据下文中的"In such a culture , symbols like...serve to...groups.〞可知,共同拥有的符号有助于消除不同民族之间的隔膜,创造出一种新文化.F项符合上下文语境,且They〞指代上文中的symbols〞.应选F.］15. D ［该段是对全文内容的总结.即美国是一个具有多样性和统一性的国家. D项符合语境,是对前面一句内容的另一种表述.应选D.］D〔2021长春^^测〕Happiness is the only true measure of personal success.Making other people happy is the highest expression of success. 16 With that in mind , here are some suggestions that will immediately increasethe amount of happiness in your life :17If there's any big truth about life , it's that it usually lives up to your expectations.Therefore , when you rise from bed , make your first thought : " Somethingwonderful is going to happen today. Guess what? You're probably right.Take time to plan and prioritize〔优先处理〕.The most common source of stress is the thought that you've got too much work to do.Rather than worry about it , pick one thing that will move you closer to your highest goal and purpose in life.Then do that first.Eat high quality food slowly.18 Even so, at least once a day try to eat something really delicious , like a small chunk of fine cheese or an imported chocolate.Taste it, focus on it and enjoy it.Let go of your results.The big enemy of happiness is worry , which comes from focusing on events that are outside your control.Once you've taken action , there's usually nothing more you can do. 19End each day with gratitude.Just before you go to bed , write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.It might be something as small as making a child laugh or something as huge as a million dollar deal. 20A. Start each day with expectations.B. Give a gift to everyone you meet.C. Think about the thing that makes your head hurt.D. It's impossible to make others happy if you're not happy.E. Whatever it is , be grateful for that day because it will never come again.F. Sometimes we can't avoid eating something quickly and running.G. Focus on the job at hand rather than some fantasy that might happen.本文是一篇议论文,讲述了我们应该如何来增加我们生活中的幸福感.16. D ［根据前文Making other people happy is the highest expression of success.和后文With that in mind...in your life 〞可知这里与D项“自己不开心时想要使别人开心 ,那是不可能的事情〞语境相符.］17. A ［根据后文“If there's any big truth about life , it's that it usually lives up to your expectations."可知,不要辜负你的期望,所以应该是每天都带着期望开始新一天的生活,故选A项.］18. F ［根据Eat high quality food slowly."可知,要慢慢享受高质量的食物 ,这与F项语境相符.］19. G ［根据“Once you've taken action , there's usually nothing more you can do.“ 可知, 过多的担忧完全没有必要,所以应该专注于手头的工作 ,而非臆测可能发生的可怕结果 ,应选G 项.］20. E ［根据...write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.〞可知,要写下至少一件当天发生的美好的事情,这与E项语境相符.］E〔2021云南红河州检测〕We spend so much time waiting to be loved , hoping love will find us , and looking for that special love.Unfortunately , that's not usually how life works.To be loved , you should love and respect yourself as much as you do others.In order to love someone , you should love yourself.•Stop comparing yourself to others. 21 We all have different gifts.When you compare yourself to others for what they have , whether it is a car , a house, or a job, it makes you feel bad about yourself.Really be grateful about everything you have.Gratitude keeps your heart open to love.•Practise receiving love.To truly love is to be able to receive it.When someone loves you , does some kind deeds to you , or says kind words , accept it. 22 Know that you are worthy of love.It is important to accept a gift of love by others.You give yourself a chance to learn more about yourself that you are lovable. 23•24 Write about your experiences, good and bad.When you write down good experiences, allow yourself to feel those feelings.When you remember bad experiences, allow yourself to feel self— passion is not self-pity, but rather willingness to accept one's own pain and regret.•Stop trying to be perfect.Stop blaming yourself for being less than perfect. 25Just follow all the steps above and don't let anyone's expectations of you put any pressure on you.A. Keep a diary.B. Appreciate yourself.C. Do not feel sorry about it.D. Always do your best , but not reaching perfection is not a failure.E. Allow yourself to feel the love that has come your way.F. You give someone a joy of giving by loving you.G. Everyone on the earth is unique.本文是一篇议论文,告诉我们想要被爱首先要学会爱自己,在爱自己的前提下去爱别人.21. G ［根据后一句“我们都有不同的天赋〞可知,这是由于世界上的每个人都是独一无二的.应选G项.］22. E ［根据前一句“当有人爱你时,对你做一些善意的举动或说些亲切的话时,你就接受吧〞可知.要用自己的方式感受爱的存在.应选E项.］23. F ［根据前文“接受别人爱的赠予是重要的 ,从中你可以更好地了解自己是多么可爱〞可知,你在接受爱你的人给予你爱的同时,爱你的人也会感到快乐.应选F项.］24. A ［根据后一句“经常写下你的体验,无论好的还是坏的〞可知,作者建议你经常写日记.应选A项.］25. D ［根据前文内容可知,作者建议你不要刻意地去追求完美.应选D项.］。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十(18页word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十[一]Astronauts aboard the space station Celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air. They said "cheers" ，clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground who were sipping their own version of recycled drinking water.The recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars. It also will save NASA money because it won' t have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttle or cargo rockets. Besides, it' s important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttle Endeavour, but it couldn' t be used until samples were tested back on Earth. So when it came time to actually drink up, NASA made a big deal of it. The threeman crew stood, holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the system."This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，" Barratt said before taking a small mouthful. "The taste is worth trying."NASA deputy space shuttle manager LeRoy Cain called it "a huge milestone"．The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away. The water vapor is mixed with water from air condensation, and then it goes through filters. When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours."Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on Earth with a lot longer time between urine and the tap"said Marybeth Edeen, the space station's national lab manager.The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami, Edeen said."We are happy to have this water work through the system - we' re happy to have it work through our systems，"Barratt said.[语篇解读]本文讲的是国际空间站宇航员试饮尿液循环水。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十九(15页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十九[一]When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America, they brought along with them aspects of their own culture —religion, dance, language, music, and cuisine. A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston, and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns (圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”，which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War. This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa, but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened the identity of their music that, in the 1950s, eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll. The Beatles, the most influential band of the 1960s, are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology (意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today. The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music. It was not just music any more, but a lifestyle.Over the decades, music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture. Musicians are glorified, with tons of adoring and screaming fans. The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans, as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However, criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production, and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十四(15页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十四[一]After being buried for centuries, 110 new warrior statues have been unearthed in Xi'an, China. The statues are part of a collection of life-size figures of warriors and horses called the Terracotta Army. The group of more than 7,000 life-size clay sculptures was built in 210 BC to guard the tomb of China's first emperor, Qin Shihuang.ShenMaosheng, from the Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and HorsesMuseum, said archaeologists had located another 11 warriors but have not yet begun to dig up the sculptures. "The most significant discovery this time around is that the relics that were found werewell-preserved and colorfully painted," Maosheng told AFP.The sculptures were discovered by a group of farmers in 1974. While digging a well, the workers found three pits filled with the lifelike figures, which were made of a type of terracotta clay. Experts say that long ago, Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the creation of the clay army, along with a 20-square-mile tomb in which to house it. For 36 years, 700,000 laborers crafted this underground city. It contains models of palaces and towers, and was protected from invaders by automatically-triggered crossbows(弩). The city lay buried for more than 2,000 years.Today, people from around the world visit China to see the terracotta warriors. What makes the soldiers so special? Each figure was individually carved, so they have different hairstyles, expressions and facial features. The details make the soldiers appear true to life. Inside the pit, the statues are arranged by military rank. The higher the rank, the taller the statue. The shortest statue is 5 feet 8 inches tall. The tallest is 6 feet 6 inches. The lower half of each soldier is made of solid clay, while the upper half is hollow. This makes it easier for the figures to remain upright.The discovery of Xi'an's 110 new warriors comes after a new finding about the Great Wall of China. An archaeological survey revealed the Great Wall of China is more than twice as long as previously thought. The wall was originally measured to be 5,500 miles but is now measured at 13,170 miles long. Beijing officials plan to open two new sections of the Great Wall and to expand other areas to make room for more tourists.11. The life-size clay sculptures were made .A. for art exhibitionsB. as presents of the emperorC. for military purposeD. as the emperor's tomb guards12. According to the passage, the eleven warriors .A. have already been dug upB. were badly-preservedC. were painted with colorsD. had not been located13. What's the main idea of the third paragraph?A. The procedure of making warriors.B. The process of discovering terracotta.C. Emperor Qin Shihuang's contributions.D. The warriors' history.14. The terracotta warriors line up by .A. military rankB. hairstyleC. expressionD. facial feature15. How many great discoveries are mentioned in the passage?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.参考答案：11. D 12. C 13.D 14.A 15. B[二]Passengers at Scotland's two biggest airports will experience privacy-friendly body scans from this weekend.The move is part of a UK roll-out of the security technology demanded by the US.Full-body scanning machines, which bounce(弹回) radio waves off the body to detect black or hidden weapons, have already been installed in Glasgow and Edinburgh airports and will go live on Saturday.Travelers will either be randomly selected for scanning or will undergo a scan if there is a security concern or a metal detector is set off, the airports said.Unlike the controversial X-ray scanners used in Manchester, called "naked scanners", the technology being set in Scotland will produce a model-style, generic image of a body, with suspect items represented by a box. All images taken are deleted as soon as they have been assessed.It follows an order by the Department for Transport for body scans to be carried out on all flights to the US, though passengers on all flights will be subjected to the new authority, the airports said in separate statements.It will be required for selected passengers to have the scan and those who refuse will not be allowed to board their flight.A member of airport staff will be present throughout the process, which will take place within the security search area.Amanda McMillan, managing director of GlasgowAirport, said, "The introduction of the body scanner is in direct response to new rules set out by the Department for Transport relating to the screening of passengers."The technology employed by the body scanner is designed in such a way that it maintains(维护) the security of the airport while also maintaining the privacy of the passenger."We will also be providing passengers with leaflets containing information on the scanner and the reasons behind its introduction."Gordon Dewar, chief executive of EdinburghAirport, added: "The scan is quick, simple and safe for everyone and does not do harm to individual's privacy."1. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Body Scans to Begin at CityAirportB. Two Biggest Airports at ScotlandC. Body Scans Demanded by the USD. Differences between Body Scans and X-ray Scanners2. Which airports will full-body scanning machines be used?A. Two biggest airports in the US.B. Glasgow and Manchester in the US.C. Manchester and Edinburgh in the UK.D. Glasgow and Edinburgh in the UK.3. The underlined word "undergo" means in the 4th paragraph.A. suffer fromB. fall downC. go throughD. come down4. What if a passenger refuses the full-body scanning?A. He or she will be in prison in separate space.B. He or she will be the last one to check in.C. He or she will be forbidden to board the flight.D. He or she will be allowed to board the plane but being fined.5. Which of the following statements is true?A. No one will be in charge of the body scanning process after using the new machine.B. Measures will be taken to advertise the use of the scanner and why it is used.C. The new body scanner will be intended for security of the airports than ever before.D. The scan will be simple and safe for everyone but not for the passengers' privacy.参考答案：1. A2. D3.C4.C5. B[三]There’s more evidence that what’s good for your heart is good for your head. A new study shows that people who run, swim or do other moderate intensity (中等强度的) exercise have brains that look, on average, 10 years younger than the brains of couch potatoes.“Our study showed that for older people, getting moderate intensity exercise may be protective, helping them keep their brains work better，” said Dr.Clinton Wright of the University of Miami, who led the study. But it’s not necessarily easy. Walking, golf, bowling and yoga didn’t count, and people need to start before they begin showing memory loss, Wright’s team reported in the journal Neurology.The study of nearly 900 people who exercise regularly showed that 90 percent fell into the low-intensity group. These people are part of a larger group taking part in a bigger study called Northern Manhattan Study. They were asked how long and how often they exercised during the past two weeks. Five years later, they were tested for memory and thinking skills and got a brain MRI. Seven years after that, they took the memory and thinking tests again. The 10 percent who said they took part in moderate intensity exercise scored better on the tests. These included running, climbing, swimming, riding bicycles and so on.“We found that those with moderate heavy activity had higher scores and slower decline than inactive patients when comparing the results，” the study team wrote.Many studies have shown that exercise may not prevent Alzheimer’s (早老性痴呆病) but may delay it. The findings fit in with a study that found two years of exercising, eating healthier food and brain training can promote people’s memory function.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。
2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习阅读理解专题训练：训练1 说明文(Ⅰ)(含解析)
专题二阅读七选五训练1 说明文(Ⅰ)A(2019·厦门外国语学校适应性考试)Being Left－handed in a Right－handed WorldThe world is designed for right－handed people，but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? 1The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery.Since scientists have noticed that left－handedness tends to run in families，it's assumed that left－handedness has a genetic(基因的) component to it.2 In fact，identical twins，who share the same genes，can sometimes prefer to use different hands.There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with，but many experts believe that it's kind of random.Historically，the left side and left－handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. 3 In some areas，the left hand became known as the “unclean”hand.In many religions，the right hand of God is the favored hand.For example，Jesus sits at God's right side.God's left hand，however，is the hand of judgement.Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved.In some parts of Scotland，it is considered bad luck to meet a left－handed person at the start of a journey. 4 A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary.In some Asian countries，eating with the left hand is considered impolite.5 People come to realize that left－handedness is natural.People even noticed that many famous people are left－handed，including Benjamin Franklin，Leonardo Da Vinci，and Charlie Chaplin.Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better.The left－handedness is more easily adaptable to the right－handed world as well.Being left－handed is no longer a sad story now; instead，it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.A. In other words，left－handers are born that way.B．Left－handedness used to be regarded as a disability.C．The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied.D．Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities?E．Why do some parents force their left－handed children to become right－handed whenwriting?F．In Ghana，pointing，gesturing，giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude.G．Fortunately，nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left－handedness like before.本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人们使用左手的原因，过去对左撇子的误解以及现如今人们不再像以前那样拒绝左撇子了。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十二(12页word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十二[一]Eudaimonia is an ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls(缺失) in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modern language:happiness.When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives, it is the word “happiness” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day life is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy;they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”. What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable (易怒的) mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness”to capture, for it s tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble idea of Eudaimonia.The word encourages us to trust that many of life s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke (激怒) and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We ll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time:we re striving to do justice to our full human potential.1. What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage?A. It was first created by two Greek philosophers.B. It has received a lot of attention from the public.C. It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected.D. It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.2.According to Paragraph 3, happiness.A.is opposite to fulfilmentB.is free from physical or mental painC. stresses the psychological differenceD. serves as a respected and noble life goal3.We learn from the passage that.A. aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blamingB. goals that wound and weaken us result in happinessC. challenges leading to contentment are worth undertakingD. feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations4.The passage encourages the readers to.A. find fulfilment with all effortsB. seek for a pain-free existenceC. keep optimistic whatever happensD. balance happiness and suffering答案1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A[二]Comedy and PsychologyEarlier this year I did a part-time comedy course. The class was taught by Ryan, a professional comedian. I had performed a show, which wasn t originally meant to be a comedy. However, the audience laughed at my first joke, then continued to laugh throughout the routines that were meant to be serious. So it was the audience who told me I was funny, but I didn t understand why or how to control the comic (滑稽的) moments. So, I joined the course to learn.“Turn off your editor that makes you say the right thing and remember how to be a child,”explained Ryan. “Don t try to be clever. Don t try too hard to be funny...and knowing all about the theory of humor is unlikely to help you much. Just behave in a silly way. That s what people want to see on stage.”Ryan would help us loosen up by saying things like, “Wander around talking to others, but make sure that you re the lowest status person here.”I d say that understanding the psychology of humor has actually helped. Recently I came across the book Inside Jokes:Using Humor to Reverse-Engineer the Mind. Its main idea is that any self-directed intelligent system will need to correct its own fault. There s a risk that the occasional error will be made. If this was boring or burdensome, we d be less willing to do it. However, evolution has made the process fun.Here s a joke in the book:Two fish are in a tank. One says to the other, “Do you know how to drive this thing?”It works on the principle that we have started to imagine one thing—that the tank is the typical container people keep fish in—and, just in time, the following words tell us that our first assumption was wrong—it s a heavy vehicle. For correctly figuring out the error, we are rewarded with a pleasurable feeling. The joke is an efficient way of encouraging this natural reaction, and comedians have become experts in slightly touching this mental funny bone in order to make us laugh.Ryan was right when he said that knowing the theory of humor wouldn t help us that much as a comedian. During one exercise in the course, four of us were told to perform an opera. Susan and Caroline sang earnestly on either side of the stage, andI brought Henry to the floor, where we wrestled (摔跤) each other like out-of-control teenagers. The rest of the group was in uncontrollable fits of laughter. As a performer, I ll never appreciate just why it seemed so funny. But the point is that I would never have written this on the paper. It was a joyous, found moment.1. Why did the author attend the comedy course?A. He wanted to see how the theories worked in practice.B. He discovered he had some natural ability in comedy.C. He worried about how other performers would find him.D. He got unpleasant experiences when performing a comedy.2.Ryan required the people on the comedy course to.A. copy their favorite performanceB. imagine other people s reactionsC. help themselves feel comfortableD. behave in a more playful manner3. What is the purpose of the joke mentioned in Paragraph 4?A. To discuss what humor brings about exactly.B. To give an example of another kind of humor.C. To prove the point about psychology of humor.D. To show why some people are funnier than others.4. What view does the author put forward in the end?A. Visual humor is what appeals to people most.B. What people find funny is often unpredictable.C. Theories explaining humor tend to be mistaken.D. Learning comic skills proves to be a difficult task.答案1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B[三]Dear child,Take a seat. Daddy has something to share with you. I would like us to have a heart-to-heart—even though, over the years, you have slowly broken mine. Oh shut up;you so have! If you go out and ask any mother or father out there, I guarantee they ll say the same thing:All children break their parents hearts. It s just what children do. In fact, it s what Daddy s own mother continues to remind him still, to this very day, every time they speak on the phone.In your baby years, you vomited(呕吐), pooped and peed all over me. In your teen years, you came home from parties and vomited red wine all over my already-dirty carpets. There was a time you experimented with drugs and all those things I hate. Where does the heartbreak end?Still, I want you to know you are loved, because various parenting magazines insist that s my responsibility to make you feel special and valued and so on. And of course Daddy loves you! Don t you see?And Daddy values you. Very much so. How could he not value you, when you, as a test-tube baby, cost so much to come into this world?Now you re old enough to hear the truth about parenting. And it s this:all kids annoy their parents. Like you, I started off adorable. Then I went through my weird-body-shape-and-acne years, lost all my cuteness, developed an attitude and never once did I apologize to my parents for stealing the best years of their lives. When you become a parent yourself, here are some parenting skills you might want to try that have been passed down from countless generations of angry Asians before me. Passive aggression is always welcome. Regular scream “I WISH YOU HAD NEVER BEEN BORN” w ill help keep your own kid s self-respect in check. But whatever happens, ensure you earn enough money in your adult life. Then give it to me, so I can go on expensive international tours. If you do this I promise I ll stop complaining and leave you alone, because we both know that s what we really want. Love you lots, Cutie-Pie.Daddy1.The letter is probably written to.A. a young adultB. a little babyC. a parentD. a grandparent2.The letter discusses all the topics EXCEPT.A. babyhoodB. teenage problemsC. parentingD. death3.According to the letter, the author.A. used to take drugsB. regrets getting marriedC. broke his parents heartsD.was born as a test-tube baby4. Why does the author write the letter?A. To ask his child to earn more money.B. To encourage his child to be independent.C. To communicate to his child love and hope.D. To stop his child from being a troublemaker.答案1.A 2.D 3.C 4.C[四]Four years ago, we asked ourselves: what if we could create a shopping experience with no waiting in line and no checkout? Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go? Our answer to those questions is Amazon Go, where you could experience the idea of “just walk out shopping”. Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required. We created the world s most advanced shopping technology, so you never have to wait in line. With our “just walk out shopping”experience, simply use the Amazon Go app to enter the store, take the products you want, and go! No lines, no checkout.Our checkout-free shopping experience is made possible by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion, and deep learning. Our “just walk out technology” automatically detects when products are taken from or returned to the shelves and keeps track of them in your virtual cart. When you re done shopping, you can just leave the store. Shortly after, we ll charge your Amazon account and send you a receipt.We offer delicious ready-to-eat breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack options made fresh every day by our on-site chefs and favorite local kitchens and bakeries. Our selection of foodstuff ranges from bread and milk to cheeses and locally made chocolates. You ll find well-known brands we love, plus special finds we re excited to introduce to customers. For a quick home-cooked dinner, pick up one of our chef-designed Amazon Meal Kits, and you can make a meal for two in about 30 minutes.Our 1,800-square-foot shopping space is conveniently compact(紧凑的), so busy customers can get in and out fast. It is located at 2131,7th Ave, Seattle, WA, on the corner of 7th Avenue and Blanchard Street. All you need is an Amazon account, a supported smartphone, and the free Amazon Go app.Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.1.From the passage, we can learn that Amazon Go.A.is a checkout-free storeB.sells all kinds of goodsC.is open to the publices unknown technologies2. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?A. When Amazon Go charges.B. How Amazon Go works.C. Where Amazon Go lies.D. What Amazon Go sells.3.Customers pay for the products from Amazon Go by.A. paying cash at the counterB. walking out of the storeC. using their Amazon accountsD. scanning smartphones when leaving4.The main purpose of the passage is to.A. encourage people to shop onlineB. advise people to work for AmazonC. inform people of a new concept storeD. tell people the shopping experience答案1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C[五]The fight is on to get rid of air pollution in our cities. While the best solution in the long-term would be to ban fossil-fueled cars, that won t help the millions who are dying in the meantime, and so some high-tech solutions are now on the cards.In March 2016,ten London pigeons became famous. These pigeons were set free from Primrose Hill in north London, wearing backpacks monitoring air pollution. Once in the air, the backpacks sent live air-quality updates to the smartphones of the Londoners below.The pigeons and their backpacks were just the latest in a series of increasingly desperate attempts to monitor and control air pollution. London s air pollution problem has been getting worse for years, and it often rises to more than three times the European Union s legal limit.Another promising approach can be found in Beijing, after China declared a “waragainst pollution”in 2014.A seven-metre-high “Smog Free Tower”, designed by a Dutch scientist, Daan Roosegaarde, opened in Beijing s 751D•Park in September 2016.It is a huge, outdoor air purifier. Airborne particles(颗粒)are sucked into the tower where they receive a positive charge. The particles are then caught by a negatively charged dust-removal plate and clean air is blown out of the other end. “Changing smog p articles does not take much current,” Roosegaarde said.As for what to do with the collected PM waste, he has currently set up a business making jewellery out of the waste. Prince Charles owns a set of “smog free”cuff links(袖扣). If the waste is collected on a big scale, Roosegaarde believes it could even be used as a building material.Mexico City has an alternative solution. Looking to Nature to maximize the surface area of a building, Allison Dring, a Berlin-based architect, managed to catch light and wind from all sides. She is now making a building material by burning agricultural crop by-products in the absence of oxygen. “It means that you are actually taking carbon(碳)out of the sky, transforming it into a material, and then using it to build,”says Dring.The fight against outdoor air pollution is really just starting. Even if none of the ideas take off, at least Prince Charles cuff links, the special building surface and pigeons wearing backpacks will have brought the issue more to the public s attention.1.The ten pigeons in London were used to.A. monitor air pollutionB. warn LondonersC. update weather forecastD. promote backpacks2. What can we learn about the Smog Free Tower?A. Its power consumption is high.B.PM waste from it can be reused.C. It is built of agricultural by-products.D. It can attract light and wind from all sides.3. What s the best title for the passage?A. When can humans get rid of smog?B. Why is technology used to fight smog?C. How are the world s cities fighting smog?D. What makes smog a worldwide problem?答案1.A 2.B 3.C[六]The British love word-play and they re enthusiastic about defending the use of their language. In recent years, books about the grammar, pronunciation and punctuation(标点符号)of English have been written by the dozen, and sold extremely well, reflecting people s love of the English language. People want to defend the “correct”use of their language, but also to preserve its ability to evolve along with society. Lynne Truss s book Eats, Shoots & Leaves is an excellent exampleof these two opposite ideas. Its title shows the way that punctuation can change the meaning of a sentence. “Eats shoots and leaves”is a perfectly normal description of a panda s diet: he eats the shoots and leaves of bamboo trees. But the position of the comma(逗号)turns those nouns into verbs, and makes up a ridiculous little story:the panda eats(his dinner), he shoots(a gun), and he leaves(the building). It s a silly joke, but it shows how changing something as simple as a comma can change the entire meaning of a sentence.Published in 2003, Eats, Shoots & Leaves was an unexpectedly huge success. It is easy to assume the typical reader of this kind of book as the humourless type. However, the book has sold thousands and thousands of copies—it must be appealing to a wide range of people. The book s winning secret is this: it makes some serious points about language and punctuation, but also has a light-hearted dimension, and uses stories and jokes to show its points. It has invited some tough criticism, too, especially from the US. On a broader range, Eats, Shoots & Leaves has opened up a lot of public debate on Truss s ideas. Whether they agree with her or not, punctuation and grammar has become a popular topic to discuss.In every generation there will be people who think that the standard of language is in decline, and who are more than happy to write to the newspapers to express their concern and opinions. Truss s book also appeals to those who think that texting and blogging(博客)is lowering the standard of literacy. Whether the standard of the English language is decreasing, or simply evolving into new forms, the success of Eats, Shoots & Leaves proves that this is a subject that many English speakers find interesting and important.1.The title of the book Eats, Shoots & Leaves is a joke which shows.A. a funny feelingB. a trend in writingC. a grammatical pointD. a fact about animals2.The book has been successful because.A.it presents the new research on EnglishB.it solves a serious English language problemC.it shows the British like to teach English to other peopleD.it causes concern for proper use of language in a fun way3. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The English language was better in the past.B. The English language is being improved by technology.C. There is often dissatisfaction with the standard of English.D. There have always been debates on the use of punctuation.4. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Difference a Comma Made.B. The Problem Punctuation Created.C. Proper Understanding of Silly Jokes.D. Public Debate about Language Standards.答案1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A[七]Plastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物)and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass—apparently broken down by enzymes(酶)from the worms stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms ability to break down their everyday food—beeswax—also allows them to break down plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,”she explains. “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply“millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.”1.What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.2.According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to.A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed3.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might.A. help to raise wormsB. help make plastic bagsC.be used to clean the oceansD.be produced in factories in future4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.答案1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C[八]It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn t know each other well—Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Paris s eyes rolled back,”Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between l ife and death,”says Taylor.Taylor s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris s heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky,”Paris says now. “Most people don t survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I knowI can act under pressure in a scary situation.”1.What happened to Paris on a March day?A. She caught a bad cold.B. She had a sudden heart problem.C. She was knocked down by a ball.D. She shivered terribly during practice.2.Why does Paris say she was lucky?A. She made a worthy friend.B. She recovered from shock.C. She received immediate CPR.D. She came back on the softball team.3.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?A. Enthusiastic and kind.B. Courageous and calm.C. Cooperative and generous.D. Ambitious and professional.答案1.B 2.C 3.B[九]Hollywood s theory that machines with evil(邪恶的)minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way:“If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things:a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans;it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work:we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.”However, on September 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.1.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may.A. run out of human controlB. satisfy human s real desiresC. command armies of killer robotsD. work faster than a mathematician2.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to.A. prevent themselves from being destroyedB. achieve their original goals independentlyC.do anything successfully with given ordersD. beat humans in international chess matches3.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to.A. help super intelligent machines work betterB.be secure against evil human beingsC. keep machines from being harmedD. avoid robots affecting the world4.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A. It will disappear with the development of AI.B. It will get worse with human interference.C. It will be solved but with difficulty.D. It will stay for a decade.答案1.A 2.A 3.D 4.C[十]California Condor s Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North America s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have been killing them off.“As they go in to rest for the night, they just don t see the power lines,”says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced,66% of set-free birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failure and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十四(17页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十四[一]Loneliness has been linked to depression(抑郁) and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject(排斥) them.John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.35. As an average person, if you make 2 more friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?A. 48 days.B. 43 days.C. 65 days.D. 17 days.36. What can we infer from the passage about lonely people?A. They can overcome loneliness themselves.B. They will decrease loneliness day by day.C. They need help to get back to normal social life.D. They can help others to repair their social networks.37. What's the best way to help lonely people according to this passage?A. Bring them together.B. Make friends with them.C. Help them stop smoking.D. Help them loose weight.38. Which of the following would be the topic of the passage?A. Loneliness and social net work.B. Social Networks and friendship.C. Loneliness and diet.D. Help A Lonely Person.参考答案：35. B 36. C 37.B 38. A[二]In today’s world of smartphones and notebook computers, most people have at least one timetelling thing with them. Since these digital products are so common, is time running out for the 500yearold watch? According to some consumers, the answer is yes. New Jersey teenager Charlie Wollman says a watch is “an extra piece of equipment with no necessary function”. Many young adults think so and use their smartphones to tell time. It is said that fewer young people wear watches today than ten years ago. As a result, some people say that the watch industry is at a crossroads.However, watchmakers optimistically say that watches redeem popularity when consumers reach their 20s and 30s. By then, they are willing to spend money on a quality watch that doesn’t just keep good time. Fifty years ago, watchmakers took pride in their products’accuracy. But in recent years, the watch industry has changed itself into an accessory business. And today, the image a watch communicates has become more important than the time it tells.“Complications”—features that go beyond simple timekeeping —are an important part of a watch’s image. Today’s watches offer lots of features that meet almost any personality. These features include compasses, USB drivers, and even other functions that measure the effectiveness of golf swings!Creativity also plays a key role in designing today’s watches. For example, Japanese watchmaker Tokyoflash makes watches that don’t even look like watches. The company’s popular Shinshoku model uses different color lights to tell time. It looks more like a fashionable bracelet than a watch.Whether a watch communicates fashion sense, creative talent of a love sports, consumers want their watches to stand out. Nowadays, everyone has the same kind of gadget in their bags, so people want to make a statement with what’s on their wrists. Will this interest in wrist fashion last? Only time will tell!语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。
2019年高考英语阅读理解模拟试题10篇(带答案)
2019年高考英语阅读理解模拟试题10篇(名师精选真题实战训练+详细解题过程，值得下载练习)[一]Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质),iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein).Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质).The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃),they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十(26页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十[一]People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over-the- counter(非处方的) medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies(治疗)like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According toJames Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away ontheir own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it’seasy to believe it’s medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Todayreported.It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet arepowerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figuring out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral(抗病毒的) drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surfacestructures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that iseffective enough.The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒)A and B. But they didn’t find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirusC, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that workwell against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against C.“This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinovirus,”study leader Professor Ann Palmenberg at University of Wisconsin-Madison, US,told Science Daily.Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists havefinally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of thevirus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way.Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don’t really work.28. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold?A. They are quite effective.B. They are slightly helpful.C. They actually have no effect.D. They still need to be improved.29. How do antiviral drugs work?A. By breaking up cold viruses directly.B. By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.C. By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.D. By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.30. What can we infer from the passage?A. The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.B. Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.C. Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.D. Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.31. What is the best title for this passage?A. Drugs against cold virusesB. Helpful home remediesC. No current cure for common coldD. Research on cold viruses参考答案：28. C 29. B 30.D 31. C[二]Michelle Kwan is a champion ice skater who has won five World Championships, nine U. S. Championships and two Olympic medals, in addition to countless other skating competitions. While audiences have seen her glide effortlessly across the ice, long hours of practice and devotion contribute each jump and spin.Kwan began ice skating when she was five years old, and her skill quickly became evident. At the age of eight, she skated several hours a day, every day of the week. Before school, after school and on weekends, she was at the ice rink. The cost of ice time and coaches quickly grew, but her parents were committed to her success. Her family sold their home and purchased a much smaller one to free up money to pay for her ice skating.When Kwan was 13, she performed at her first U. S. National Championships. After a disappointing performance, she swore to work even harder and improve. She did. The next year, she finished second. From there she went on to win a silver medal at the 1998 Olympics and the first of her WorldChampionships. She followed up with a bronze medal at the 2002 Olympic Games.Kwan is the most decorated figure skater in American history. She was the sole member to the U. S. Figure Skating Hall of Fame and the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame classes of 2012, and in 2014, she was appointed to the Hall of Fame at the U. S. National Competition.Even after retiring from skating. Kwan has not given up her devotion to learning, service and hard work. She received her college degree in 2009 from the University of Denver and is pursuing graduate studies in international relations at Tufts University. Meanwhile, she has held several diplomatic and ambassador positions representing the United States globally. Ultimately，whether on the ice, in the classroom or representing her nation, Kwan presents one consistent quality—devotion.21. What do we know about Kwan according to the text?A. She performed badly in her first national competition.B. She has won five U. S. Championships.C. She failed to graduate from Tufts University.D. She hasn’t won the second place in Olympic Games.22. Which of the following can best describe Kwan?A. Warm-hearted.B. Energetic.C. Easygoing.D. Devoted.23. What may be the best title for the text?A. The Way to SuccessB. A Great SkaterC. How to Be a Good Player?D. Why Is Devotion Important?参考答案：21-23 ADB[三]A recent study has looked into what happens inside your brain while you read andlisten to music. You know that thrill you get when listening to your favoritemusic? According tothe study, it seems the same thing can happen while you are reading, but not with every kindoftext. Professor Adam Zeman, a neurologist said, “The participants lay in anMRIscanner reading the texts, then we compared brain activity for five texts.” The texts ranged from deadlyboring ones to highly excitingones.As the researchers observed, participants found some texts more emotional than others. When reading these emotional texts, there was higher activity in brain areas associated with pleasure and reward – the same areasrelated to the thrill we get when we listen tomusic.Reading poetry is often considered a reflective activity, but did the study find any evidence of this? In fact, when the participants were reading poems, the team found there was more activity in a particular brain area called the Default Network. “These areas seem to be associated with things we do with our minds when we are resting, like thinking about what’s happened to us recently, and that network seems to be more strongly associated with poetry than with essays.” explainsZeman.The study shows that the different texts activate different areas of our brains when we read. Zeman reflects that “the study did confirm what we thought, in particular our belief that the response to literature was going to be a bit like the response to music in terms of emotion.”32．What is the studyabout?Reading activates emotions like listening tomusic.Different types of texts arouse differentreflections.All the texts can cause readers the samefeelings.Readers get the same thrill as listening tomusic.33．How did the scientist make thediscovery?A．They compared different kinds oftexts.B．They made a list of some typicalexamples.C．They compared listening to music withreading.D．They made experiments by involvingparticipants.34．What is paragraph 4 mainlyabout?A．Reading poems ar oused participants’ strongeremotions.B．The Default Network is connected with readers’minds.C．Listening to music can make participants get strongthrill. D．Reading essays can cause participants to have the samereaction.35．What can be a suitable title for thetext?A．Have fun inreadingB．Reading, music and thebrainC．Different texts activatereflectionD．Reading, similar to listening tomusic参考答案：32-35. ADAB[四]Some jobs are more likely to be automated than others. Machines can do jobs that have three characteristics: they are routine, repetitive, and predictable. “It’s the kind of job where you work on the same kind of thing again and again,” Ford says. “What you do each day is not too different from what you’ve done in thepast.”According to the McKinsey report, some of these jobs pay low wages and require little education. But others pay well and demand an advanced college degree. Taxi drivers, cashiers, lawyers, and doctors all perform some tasks that can be done bymachines.So w hat jobs are safe from automation? “Anything where you’re thinking outside the box and coming up with new ideas,” Ford says. “Or work that involves interacting（互动) with other people and building relationships.” Jobs in engineering, science, the ar ts and nursing areexamples.At Creato r, a restaurant in York Town, Vardakostashired people to do just that kind of work. Instead of repetitive jobs, workers perform tasks that cannot be done by the machine. They interact with customers and advise them on flavor pairings, like mushroom sauce with sault and onion jam. “In our world at Creator, all the work is creative and social,” Vardakostas says. “And I think that is what we’re going to see more of in thefuture.”24．The job which can be done bymachineis .A．easy butcreativeB．social butboringC．creative anddifficultD．repetitive andpredictable25．Who are more likely to lose jobs in thefuture?A．scientists. B.artists. C.cashiers. D.engineers.26．The jobs difficult for machines to do aretheones .A．that pay littlewagesB．that demandrepetitionC．that need to break theroutineD．that require a littleeducation27．The example of Creatorindicatesthat .A．the job involving interacting with people issafeB．machines can’t take the place of humans in somewayC．allthe work in the world of Creator is social butboring D．theemployees in Creator are not worried about theirjobs 参考答案：24-27. DCCB[五]Over a hundred years ago in 1911,something strange was found in the glaciers of Antarctica.Crilffith Taylor—an Australian geologist,had discovered a blood red stream pouring out of the ice cascades (瀑布) of Talor Glacier!Popularly known as the Blood Falls,scientists had not been able to find the reason behind the blood red liquid flowing through the ice—until recently.The mystery of the Blood Falls had finally been solved.When these falls were first discovered,scientists had believed that the red colour came from a large amount of red algae (海藻) concentrated in the water.Red algae contain a pigment (色素) which reflects red light,making the algae appear red.This theory made sense,until it was later found that algae do not play a part in the red color of the flowing liquid at all.What really causes Talor Glacier’s waters appear blood red,is the presence of iron oxide in the liquid.The waters of the Blood Falls are rich in salt and iron content,and when this water comes in contact with the air,it turns red—just like rust!The water in these falls is often referred to as “brine” by scientists because of the high salt content in the water.This reasoning behind the red colors of the falls was found back in 2003.However,the entire mystery had not yet been solved.How is it then,that the Blood Falls are not frozen?Researchers at the University of Colorado and University of Alaska found that inside the glacier,there is a network of channels and reservoirs that move the water around.Salt water has a lower freezing temperature.In addition,when any substance undergoes a change in state,it gives off heat.Therefore,the brine actually warm itself up while it’s freezing!How this works,is that when the brine is flowing through the Talor Glacier,some of it does freeze.As a result of changing state from liquid to ice,the brine gives off heat.This heat is enough to keep the rest of the brine in liquid form,which is why it flows out of the glacier.Incredible new chemistry facts found,and mystery solved!【语篇导读】1911年,澳大利亚地质学家在南极洲的冰川中发现了一种奇怪的东西——血瀑布。
2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十二(22页,word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十二[一]A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians - although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications thannon-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, "The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，"It_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？"[语篇解读]研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。
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2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十二[一]In the mid-2000s,Waze Mobile co-founder Ehud Shabtai received a cutting-edge (尖端的) gift from his girlfriend—a GPS.The expensive gift was supposed to be helpful.But straight out of the box,it was already out of date.Shabtai,a coding enthusiast,had an immediate reaction to reinvent.Shabtai’s solution?To build an app.With 80 million monthly active users globally and nearly 400,000 superusers who function much like Wikipedia volunteer editors (editing maps rather than words),Waze Mobile caught the eye of Google as a revolutionary approach to navigation (导航).Acquired by Google in 2013,Waze’s value mainly lies in its high rate of user involvement.Unlike traditional navigation apps that simply show directions,Waze asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time,so other users can avoid the traffic by using an alternative route.The goal behind Waze’s approach is an ambitious one—not to just avoid traffic,but to end it altogether.Waze is finding new ways to put its loyal and active user base to use to make that vision areality,including a plan to make carpooling (拼车) cool.To be sure,traffic jams are troubling people all over the world.Waze has been quietly ahead of the game for some time.In 2013,whenWaze was just a small digital-mapping business with limited resources,it had something Google Maps and other competitors didn’t—richer GPS guidance thanks to its stream of live traffic reports from users.These users were the basis of Shabtai’s plan to solve for his GPS device’s “silent” hardware—he grounded the app in software that could be perpetually updated by users,anywhere and anytime.Waze Carpool is going straight to the heart of traffic jams,trying to get more drivers off the road and into carpools.The app has already connected tens of thousands of rideseekers with drivers willing to ferry them along a shared route,and that trend could be the answer to a traffic-free future.【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了一种由Ehud Shabtai改装的最新导航系统。
1.What did Shabtai do when he found his girlfriend’s gift out of date?A.He improved it.B.He took it apart.C.He put it away.D.He used it anyway.enthusiast,had an immediate reaction to reinvent.”可知,他立刻对GPS进行了改进。
2.What sets Waze Mobile apart from traditional navigation apps?A.It has the most users.B.It can indicate directions.C.It reports road conditions in real time.D.Most users help edit its words.traditionalnavigation apps that simply show directions,Waze asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time,so other users can avoid the traffic by using an alternative route.”可知,Waze Mobile 要求使用者随时报道路况,这是与其他传统导航不同的地方。
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perpetually” inParagraph6probablymean?A.Difficultly.B.Carefully.C.Greatly.D.Constantly.that could be perpetually updated by users,anywhere and anytime.”可知,用户们可以随时随地更新软件,所以可以猜出perpetually意为“不断地”。
4.What is mainly talked about in the text?A.The rise of carpooling.B.An advanced navigation app.C.The development of Google.D.Traffic problems in the world.,文章主要介绍了一种先进的导航程序。
[二]If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21,but since it has caught on,events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn’t taste ofanything special,it’s still worth a try,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette,but you’ll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions,and because these are family affairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent.【语篇导读】文章介绍了苹果节举办的时间、项目及地点。