2020年高考英语二轮复习：动词时态、语态和主谓一致

2020年高考英语二轮复习

第一讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致

一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式：

1. Since the United Nations declared June 21 the International Day of Yoga in 2014 , many cities in China_______(start)hosting international yoga festivals.

【答案】(现在完成时）have started

【解析】句意：自从联合国在2014年宣布6月21日为国际瑜伽日以来，中国的许多城市已经开始举办国际瑜伽节。此处since(自从……以来）引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，句子主语cities是复数形式，所以谓语动词也用复数形式。

2. Over the past decade, a global push to reduce hunger and extreme poverty______(mark) some significant successes.

【答案】(现在完成时）has marked

【解析】由时间状语Over the past decade可知，句子表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时，主语a global push是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。

3 . The twins , who _______ ( finish ) their homework , were allowed to play badminton in the playground.

【答案】(过去完成时）had finished

【解析】此处表示这对双胞胎完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球（过去式）之前，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。

4. It is the first time that I______(punish) students.

【答案】(现在完成时）have punished

【解析】考查固定句型中的时态：It/This/That is the first time that sb. has done sth. ;It/This/That was the first time that sb. had done sth.。

5.While _________(pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother being ill ,so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and _______(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing

【答案】(现在分词）picking;(一般过去时）left

【解析】句意：在摘茶叶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去了北京。第一空所在句省略的主语he和pick之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词。第二空，由and 可知此处与put是并列谓语，故填left。

6. Shelley received early education at home and later, at the age of 12, _________(admit) to Eton College, which has a long history of more than 500 years, (date) back to the 15th century.

【答案】(一般过去时的被动语态）was admitted;(现在分词作伴随状语）dating

【解析】第一空，由and可知，此处与前面的谓语动词received并列，且admit与主语Shelley之间为动宾关系，表示“被录取”，故用被动语态。第二空作伴随状语，用现在分词形式。

7. What you say - the actual words you use-________(account) for only 7 percent of the message.

【答案】(主谓一致）accounts

【解析】此处表示你所说的话实际只占信息的7%。从句"What you say"作主语，谓语动词用单数，且根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。

8.There are many differences between China and India when it comes to how yoga_______(practice ).

【答案】(一税现在时的被动语态）is practised

【解析】此处yoga是从句的主语，和practise之间是宾关系，结合语境可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。

9.To improve your memory, you need to take an active role. Like your body, your memory can_________(strengthen) through exercise.

【答案】(含情态动词的被动语态）be strengthened

【解析】此处表示像你的身体一样，你的记忆力可以通过锻炼来增强。分析句子可知，can后要用动词原形，而your memory与动词strengthen之同量动宾关系，故用被动语态。含情态动词的被动结构是“情态动词+be done"。

10.I________(do)my homework when someone knocked at the door.

【答案】(过去进行时）was doing

【解析】考查固定句型：be doing...+when sb.did,表示"正在......这时……”。

11. Would you please keep silent? The weather report_________ (broadcast). I want to listen.

【答案】(现在进行时的被动语态）is being broadcast

【解析】句意：你能安静点吗？天气预报正在播报。我想听。根据句意可知，谓语动词用现在进行时的被动语态。

12. Poor Mr. Perkins had to wait patiently until his car was the only one that_______(leave)in the parking lot.

【答案】(一般过去时的被动语态）was left

【解析】此处表示可怜的Perkins先生不得不耐心地等着直到他的车是唯一一辆停在停车场的那一刻。这里