呼吸机基本波形

按需流量补偿
Company Confidential – For internal use only
呼气流量波
• 呼气流量波的大小、持续时间、形状取决于顺应性和 阻力
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥
呼气开始 呼气峰流量 呼气结束 呼气流量的持续时间 有效呼气时间 TCT 整个呼吸周期时间
Company Confidential – For internal use only
气道阻力增大
Company Confidential – For internal use only
被动呼气和主动呼气
Company Confidential – For internal use only
压力曲线
Company Confidential – For internal use only
气道压和肺泡压
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
平均气道压
Company Confidential – For internal use only
自主触发
Company Confidential – For internal use only
漏气对切换的影响
Company Confidential – For internal use only
双重切换
Company Confidential – For internal use only
延迟时间效应
Company Confidential – For internal use only
• 食道测压管最好放置在右心房的后侧
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
管路回缩力
Company Confidential – For internal use only
不同的流量波型
Company Confidential – For internal use only
吸气流量波—自主呼吸
• 测Ptrach另需用2mm的细导管经气管插管插至气管导 管外
Company Confidential – For internal use only
静态压力容量环
Company Confidential – For internal use only
流量-容量环
Company Confidential – For internal use only
①
吸气开始
②
③ ④
最大吸气流量
吸气结束 吸气时间
Company Confidential – For internal use only
• 一次吸气过程中出现了病人吸气动作，通常在流量波 形上会出现切迹，此时病人不会得到所需的流量
Company Confidential – For internal use only
方波和递减波
Company Confidential – For internal use only
压力-流量环
临床使用较少
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal useHale Waihona Puke Baiduonly
未达到触发灵敏度
Company Confidential – For internal use only
• 未能触发辅助通气的呼吸时，时间的测算也会受到影 响。
Company Confidential – For internal use only
压力—容量环
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
气道压和气管内压
Company Confidential – For internal use only
• Paw实线代表呼吸机端(气管插管远端)所反映的P-V环， 包含了气管插管所导致的阻力。 • Ptrach虚线代表总气管内(气管插管末端)所反映的P-V 环， 排除了气管插管所引起的阻力因素。
压力上升时间
Company Confidential – For internal use only
PCV/PSV
Company Confidential – For internal use only
双水平正压通气下的压力曲线
• 两个不同水平的PEEP交 替使用 • Phigh，Plow，Thigh， Tlow
呼吸机基本波形
Company Confidential – For internal use only
机械通气四大变量
• 流量 • 压力 • 容量 • 时间 • 定流通气
• 变流通气
Company Confidential – For internal use only
吸气流量波—机控呼吸
① 呼吸机送气开始 ② 吸气峰流量 ③ 吸呼切换 ④ 吸气时间 ⑤ 整个呼吸周期时间（TCT）
• 参数的不同组合和病人自 主呼吸的情况，可衍生出 几种不同的模式
Company Confidential – For internal use only
APRV
Company Confidential – For internal use only
食道压
• 测量食道压，需要放置测压管进入病人食道，由于食 道内消化液的关系，最好采用带套囊的盲端测压管
吸气暂停
Company Confidential – For internal use only
阻力、流量、顺应性影响（固定潮气量）
Company Confidential – For internal use only
PEEP/CPAP
Company Confidential – For internal use only
Company Confidential – For internal use only
容量-时间曲线
Company Confidential – For internal use only
自动管路顺应性补偿
Company Confidential – For internal use only