高二英语选修6学案:词汇解析Unit3Ahealthylife含解析

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课堂导学
基础巩固
一、词汇详解
1.stress n。

压力vt。

强调
【典型例句】
Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.心理压力常常是形成长期病的一个因素。

I can’t stress enough the need for cooperation。

合作的必要性无论我如何强调都不过分。

a stressful job/situation/lifestyle
繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式
【知识归纳】
stress作名词讲时构成词组:be under stress;
作动词讲时后跟名词或that从句。

stressful adj.产生压力的
1.完成句子
(1)人在压力之下,办事就易出错。

Things can easily go wrong when people ________________。

(2)她承受不了作为一个公众人物的生活压力。

She failed to withstand _________________ public life.(3)期末考试马上到了,很多学生感觉有压力。

Final exam is coming,so __________________.
答案:(1)are under stress
(3)most student are under great stress
2。

due to 由于;欠的,应给的
due adj.预期的
【典型例句】
My long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live。

我长寿而活跃的生活肯定得益于我健康的生活方式。

Have they been paid the money (that is)due to them?
他们应得到的钱付给他们了吗?
The next train is due in five minutes.
下一班火车预计在五分钟后抵达。

【知识归纳】
be due to归因于,一般用作表语.置于句首常用because of/owing to或on account of。

以下短语意思相近,都有“由于”的意思:owing to,thanks to,on account of,because of,as a result of.
2。

同义句转换
(1)He was late because of the traffic jam.
A.He was late _______ _______ _______ _______ the traffic jam.
B. _______ _______ the traffic jam,he was late。

C。

His being late was _______ _______ the traffic jam.
(2)The train was delayed because of the snow。

The train was delayed _______ _______ _______ the snow.
答案: (1)A.as a result of B。

Owing to/Thanks to/Because of C.due to/because of
(2)on account of
3。

addicted adj.成为习惯而离不开……
【典型例句】
Some people have been/become addicted to drugs/alcohol/gambling.
一些人已经吸毒/喝酒/赌博成瘾。

These are kids addicted to computer games。

这些都是沉迷于电脑游戏的孩子。

【知识归纳】
addicted to sth. 对……有瘾
addicted不用于名词前,一般作表语和后置定语。

addictive adj. 使人上瘾的;使人入迷的
addiction n. 成瘾,入迷,嗜好
3.完成句子
(1)他是一个酗酒成性的人。

He is a man __________________ alcohal.
(2)她的儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。

Her son _________________ computer games。

改错
(3)Her father is addictive to cigarettes.
(4)I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite addicted。

答案:(1)addicted to (2)is addicted to (3)addictive→addicted (4)addicted→addictive
4.accustomed adj。

【典型例句】
He was accustomed to a life of luxury(奢华).
他习惯了奢华的生活。

He took his accustomed seat by the fire.
他在炉边惯常坐的座位上坐了下来。

【知识归纳】
accustomed作“习惯于"讲时,常构成词组be/get/grow/become accustomed to sth./doing sth。

习惯于(做)某事;
作“惯常的,通常的”讲时,仅用于名词前。

4。

完成句子
(1)她的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。

Her eyes _______________ the dark。

(2)她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人.
She was a person _______________ having eight hours’ sleep a night.答案: (1)quickly became accustomed to (2)accustomed to
5.manage vi。

&vt。

设法;管理
【典型例句】
—Can you finish it before six?
你能在六点前完成吗?
—I will manage。

我尽力吧。

Can you manage another piece of cake(=eat one more)?
你能设法再吃一块蛋糕吗?
We need people who are good at managing.
我们需要擅长管理的人。

manage one's money 理财
manage a department/project 负责一个部门/项目
【知识归纳】
manage to do sth.表示“设法做成了某事(困难的事)”,相当于succeed in doing sth.。

try to do sth.尽力做某事,至于成功与否不得而知。

5。

完成句子
(1)当主人不在的时候,他管理这个超市。

He __________________ when the owner was away.
(2)这个手提箱很重,但是我能拿得动。

The case is very heavy,but _________________。

单项选择
(3)He ________ get there on time but he failed。

A。

tried to B。

succeeded in
C.kept on D。

managed to
答案:(1)managed the supermarket (2)I can manage it (3)A 6.quit vt.停止;离开(quitting;quitted;quit)
【典型例句】
We only just started,we’re not going to quit now.
我们才刚刚开始,现在决不放弃。

She quit school at 17 and left home.
她17岁辍学后离开了家。

【知识归纳】
quit作“停止"讲时常用quit doing sth.=stop doing sth。

=give up sth。

.
6.完成句子
(1)去年她因身体欠佳而退出了表演。

She _______________ last year because of bad health。

(2)他终于设法戒掉了烟。

He ________________ finally。

改错
(3)They quit to talk with each other。

答案:(1)quit the show (2)managed to quit smoking (3)to talk→talking
7.decide on/upon 对……作出决定;决心做某事
【典型例句】
Decide on a day to quit。

决定戒烟日.
I’ve decided on going to America for my holidays。

我已决定到美国去度假.
【知识归纳】
decide on/upon是及物动词词组,后跟名词或动名词作宾语,即决定做某事;其反义词组为decide against决定不……;决定反对……
7。

完成句子
(1)最后玛丽决定在海边度假.
In the end Mary _______________ by the sea。

同义句转换
(2)He decided that he would buy a new car。

A.He decided _______ _______ a new car。

B.He decided _______ a new car.
答案:(1)decided on spending the vacation
(2)A。

to buy B.on buying
8。

ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
【典型例句】
You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies。

你扯这种谎应该感到羞耻.
The football riots made me ashamed to be English。

足球骚乱事件使我身为英国人无地自容。

【知识归纳】
ashamed这一形容词的搭配组为be ashamed of/sb。

/oneself/sth./doing sth.;be ashamed to be/to do sth。

;
ashamed不能用于名词前作定语。

8。

完成句子
(1)你应该为自己那样对待妹妹感到羞耻.
You should _____________ for treating your sister like that。

单项选择
(2)I was ashamed _______ lied to my teacher.
A。

to be B。

of having
C。

that have D.of being
答案:(1)be ashamed of yourself (2)B
9。

in spite of 不管,不顾;虽然……,尽管……
【典型例句】
In spite of her wounded leg,she managed to get up the stairs.
尽管她的腿受伤了,但她还是爬上了楼梯。

She can't see very well in spite of her glasses.
她尽管戴着眼镜,还是不能看得很清楚。

【知识归纳】
in spite of为介词词组,后常跟名词,相当于介词despite(正式);
in spite of...作让步状语,意思上相当于although,引导的让步状语从句。

9。

完成句子
(1)尽管下雨,她仍去游泳。

___________________,she went swimming.
单项选择
(2)_______,he came to the meeting。

A.Though to be ill B。

Although illness
C。

In spite of illness D.Because he was ill
答案:(1)Although it was raining/In spite of the rain/Despite the rain (2)C
10.feel like (doing) 想要做
【典型例句】
I feel like (having)a drink。

我想喝一杯酒。

Do you feel like taking a walk?
你要不要去散步?
【知识归纳】
feel like(指人)意欲想要做某事,后跟名词或动名词,相当于want 或would like,与enjoy有区别,enjoy doing指惯常的爱好,而feel like 指一次性的动作。

feel like还有其他两个含义:觉得好像;摸起来像……;感觉好像是要……
10.单项选择
(1)—How do you spend your spare time?
—I _________ playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park。

A.feel like B.enjoy C.want D.would like
翻译
(2)如果你愿意,我们去散散步。

_________________________________________
答案: (1)B (2)We'll go out for a walk if you feel like it。

11.get (sb.)into (sth.) 陷入,染上(坏习惯)/进入
【典型例句】
I’ve got (myself)into trouble.
我使自己陷入了困境。

I’m sorry I got you into trouble with the teacher.
很抱歉,我让你跟老师发生了纠纷。

【知识归纳】
(1)get into作“陷入”讲时,指进入某种特殊状态,如get into debt 负债;get into trouble/a rage/a temper/a panic惹上麻烦/发怒/发脾气;
(2)get into作“养成做某事的习惯,学得做某事之常规”讲时构成get into the way/habit/routine of doing sth。

结构,学做某事的方法/养成做某事的习惯/学得做某事之常规;
(3)get into 词组无被动语态.
11。

完成句子
(1)我很快就会适应这种方式的。

I’ll soon ________________ the way of things.
(2)汤姆的工厂倒闭了,他负债累累。

Tom's factory were closed down and he _______________。

改错
(3)He got in a bad habit of taking drugs。

__________________________________________
答案:(1)get into (2)got into debt (3)in a→into the
12。

risk n。

危险;风险v。

冒险
【典型例句】
I never walk home alone at night—It’s not worth the risk.
我从不在夜里独自步行回家-—不值得冒这个险.
He risked his life to save her.
他冒着生命危险去救她。

【知识归纳】
risk作名词讲时形成词组:be at risk,be at risk of sth。

,at the risk of doing sth。

,run/take the risk of doing sth。


作动词讲时后跟n./doing/being done。

12。

完成句子
(1)任何不带护照旅行的人都有被逮捕的危险。

Anyone traveling without a passport ________________.
单项选择
(2)I am willing to ____________ my job。

A。

risk losing B。

risk being lost
C.risking to lose D。

risking being lost
答案:(1)runs the risk of being arrested (2)A
13.stand for 象征,代表;支持;主张
【典型例句】
The letters PO stand for post or postal order.
PO两个字母代表邮局或邮政汇票。

Before we elect her to be Headmaster,we want to know what she stands for。

我们在选她当校长之前,想知道她的主张是什么.
【知识归纳】
stand for作“代表/象征”讲,当单独的几个字母作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,当几个字母前有类似the letters等充当主语时,谓语动词用复数。

13.完成句子
(1)我们的旗帜代表我们的国家.
Our flag _____________ our country.
(2)我们爱我们的学校以及它所代表的一切。

We like our school and _________________.
(3)GNP代表国民生产总值。

___________________ gross national product。

答案:(1)stands for (2)all (that)it stands for (3)GNP stands for。

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