虚拟语气的几个常见句型

虚拟语气的几个常见句型

河北安新中学田姝晨

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。常见的用法有以下几种：

一. if 引导的虚拟语气

1. 表示与现在事实相反或假设的情况

If I were you，I would take his advice. 如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议。

If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会有生命。

2. 表示与过去事实相反或假设的情况

If I had got there earlier, I could have met her.如果我早一点到那的话就能见到她了。

If he had followed my advice, he would not have made such a big mistake. 如果他听了我的话，他就不会犯这么大的错误了。

3. 表示与将来事实相反或假设的情况

If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

If it should rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off.

If it were to rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off.

如果明天下雨，我们的野餐将要被推迟了。

注意：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓语动词是had, were 或should 时，可以将if 省略并把had, were或should提前。如：

Should it rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

Had he followed my advice he wouldn’t have made such a big mistake. Were I you I would take his advice.

二: It is (high) time that sb did sth/ should do sth. 是该某人做某事的时候了。

It is high time that the children went to bed.

It is high time that the children should go to bed.是该孩子们上床睡觉的时候了。

三: 主语would rather (that ) sb did sth. 宁愿某人做某事。

I would rather he came tomorrow. 我宁愿他明天再来。

I would rahter I hadn’t said that. 我宁愿自己没那么说过。

四: advise, suggest, recommend, require, demand, command,order, insist, propose 等动词的宾语从句中谓语动词常用should +动词原形；同时这些动词的名词形式advice, suggestion, recommendation, requirement, command, order, proposal的同位语从句或表语从句中的谓语动词也用should+动词原形的形式, 其中should可以省略。

She required that the boy be retested. 她要求孩子被再测一次。

He suggested all the passengers remain seated. 他建议所有的乘客留在座位上。

Her suggestion was that the boy should be retested.

His proposal that all passengers remain seated is reasonable.

此外，这些动词用于It be done that clause结构中是，从句中的谓语

动词也是should+动词原形。

It is required that all passengers should remain seated when the plane takes off.

五: It is important / necessary /strange / natural that sb should do sth.

It is necessary that we should take a break now. 现在，我们有必要休息一下了。

It is natural that we should take good care of our parents. 我们理所当然应该好好照顾我们的父母

It is important that we should learn English well. 学好英语很重要。

It is strange that she should do so. 她竟然这样做真是太奇怪了。

六: if only引起的虚拟语气

If only I had more free time. 要是我有更多的自由时间就好了。

If only I had bought that house. 要是我早点买了那所房子就好了。