常见的虚拟语气句型

常见的虚拟语气句型

一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中

1．与现在事实相反的虚拟语气形式

If＋主语＋动词的过去式（be要用were）……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋动词原形。

2．与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式

If＋主语＋had＋过去分词……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋have＋过去分词。

3．与将来事实相反的虚拟语气形式

If＋主语＋动词的过去式（或were to ＋动词原形, 或should ＋动词原形）……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋动词原形。

二、虚拟语气的其它句型

1虚拟语气用在动词wish带的宾语从句中, 宾语从句的谓语动词形式为:

①谓语动词用过去式（be用were）表示现在的情况。

例如: I wish I didn't have a cold. 但愿我没有感冒。

②谓语动词用过去完成式表示过去的情况。

例如: I wish I had seen you yesterday.

③谓语动词用would（或could, might）＋动词原形表示将来的情况。

例如: I wish you could come tomorrow. 但愿你明天会来。

注: as if（＝as though）引导的从句和if only后面所跟的句子也要用虚拟语气, 其形式和动词wish所带的宾语从句的形式相同。

例如: When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.

If only I had followed his advice. 若是我听了他的劝告就好了。

2用介词短语（without..., but for... ）、副词（otherwise）表示某种假设的情况, 相当于if引导的虚拟条件句。

例如: Without electricity human life would be quite different today.

3虚拟语气用在It ＋be ＋important（necessary, strange, natural）＋that clause句型中, that clause的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。

例如: It is necessary that he be sent to the hospital at once.

4虚拟语气用在It ＋be ＋time ＋that clause句型中, that clause的谓语动词应为“动词的过去式（be用were）或should ＋动词原形”。

例如: It is time that he went（should go）to bed. 他睡觉的时间到了。

5. 虚拟语气用在order, ask, suggest（建议）, demand, request, insist（坚持要）等动词后面的宾语从句中, 宾语从句的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。

例如: He suggested that she start/ should start at once.

6. 虚拟语气用在advice, idea, order, plan, suggestion, demand, proposal等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中, 从句的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。

例如: My suggestion is that you should hold the meeting next Sunday.

The teacher gave orders that the work be finished / should be finished before 4 o'clock.

7. 虚拟语气用在It ＋be ＋suggested（ordered, demanded, requested... ）＋that clause句型中, that clause的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。

例如: It is suggested that we（should）start the work at once. 有人建议我们立即开始工作。

8. 虚拟语气用在would rather后面的从句中。用过去式（be用were）表示现在或将来的情况; 用过去完成式表示过去的情况。

例如: I would rather you went next Sunday. 我愿你下星期天去。

I would rather you hadn't done that. 我真希望你没做那件事。