虚拟语气十大句型

虚拟语气的十大句型

一、虚拟条件句：

条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。

1．条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：

句型1：If ＋主语＋过去时，主语＋ should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形

(1) If I were you, I would study hard.

(2) If it rained, I would not be here now.

2．条件从句与过去事实不一致，其句型为：

句型2：If ＋主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋ should（could, would, 或might）＋ have ＋过去分词

(3) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.

(4) If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3．条件从句与将来事实不一致，其句型为：

句型3：If ＋主语＋过去时/ should ＋动词原形/ were to＋动词原形，主语＋ should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形

(5) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

(6) If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.

(7) If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry.

注意问题：

1．If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。

2．根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都要遵守上述句型。如：(8) If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now and you would graduate from a college in four years’ time.

3．条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装。例如：

(9) Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.

(10) Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.

(11) Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

二、名词性虚拟语气：

一“坚持”insist，

二“命令”order, command，

三（四），“建议”advise, suggest, propose, recommend，

四“要求”demand, require, request, desire

在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求的动词后跟的宾语从句及其相应的名词后跟的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：

句型4：主语＋（should）＋动词原形

(12) Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）

(13) It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.（主语从

句）

(14) It is surprising that she shouldn’t pass the math exam. （主语从句）

(15) The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）

(16) Their demand is that their wages (should) be increased.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不可以出现would,must, could等。

三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句：

句型5：wish后的宾语从句

与现在愿望不一致：主语＋过去时；

与过去愿望不一致：主语＋ had ＋过去分词/ could ＋ have＋过去分词；

与未来愿望不一致：主语＋ would / could ＋动词原形。如；

(17) I wish I were you.

(18) I wish I had visited the White House when I was in the States.

(19) I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.

句型6：It’s time句型（当It’s time后用that从句时应该为“主语＋ should ＋动词原形”或“主语＋过去时”）

(20) It’s time that you went / should go to school.

句型7：If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish ＋宾语从句”

(21) If only he could come! 他要能来就好了。

(22) If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。

句型8：would rather, as if（though）引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况