2017年12月份统计学 ( 第2次 )
[应用]《统计学基础》（专）网上作业2
![[应用]《统计学基础》（专）网上作业2](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/dde7678f50e79b89680203d8ce2f0066f53364f9.png)
《统计学基础》（专）网上作业二一、单项选择题。
1.指标是说明总体特征的，标志则是说明总体单位特征的，所以（）A.指标和标志之间在一定条件下可以转换B.指标和标志之间不存在关系C.指标和标志之间的关系固定不变D.指标和标志之间不可以互相转换2.要了解全国的人口情况，则总体是（）。
A.每个省的人B.全国总人口C.每一户D.每个人3.统计研究的数量必须是（）A.抽象的量B.具体的量C.连续不断的量D.可直接相加的量4.（）是统计的基础功能A.管理功能B.信息功能C.咨询功能D.监督功能5.劳动生产率是（）A.动态指标B.质量指标C.数量指标D.强度指标6.对百货商店工作人员进行普查，调查对象是（）。
A.各百货商店B.各百货商店的全体工作人员C.一个百货商店D.每位工作人员7.某连续变量，期末组为500以上，又知其邻近组的组中值是480，则末组的组中值是（）。
A.520B.510C.530D.5408.变量数列中，各组频率的总和应该（）。
A.小于1B.大于1C.等于1D.不等于19.下列各调查中，调查单位和填报单位一致的是（）。
A.企业设备调查B.人口普查C.工业企业普查D.农村耕地调查10.变量数列中，各组频率的总和应该（）。
A.小于1B.大于1C.等于1D.不等于111.统计调查所搜集的可以是原始资料，也可以是次级资料，原始资料与次级资料的关系是（）。
A.原始资料来源于基层单位，次级资料来源于上级单位B.次级资料是由原始资料加工整理而成C.原始资料与次级资料之间无必然联系D.原始资料与次级资料没有区别12、现有一数列：3，9，27，243，729，2187，反映其平均水平最好用（）A.算数平均数B.调和平均数C.几何平均数D.中位数13、某高新技术开发区现有人口11万，共有8家医院（其病床合计数为700床），则开发区的每万人的病床数为63.636个，这个指标属于（）A.平均指标B.相对指标C.总量指标D. 发展水平指标14、第一、二、三批产品的废品率分别为1%、1.5%、2%，第一、二批产品数量分别占总数的35%和40%，则平均废品率为（）A.1.5%B.1.45%C.4.5%D.0.9415、某企业2006年职工平均工资为5200元，标准差为110元，2009年职工平均工资增长了40%，标准差增大到150元，职工平均工资的相对变异（）A.增大B.减少C.不变D.不能比较16、将某企业职工的月收入依次分为2000元以下、2000～3000元、3000～4000元、4000～5000元，5000元以上几个组，最后一组的组中值近似为（）A.5000B.7500C.5500D.650017、在某班随机抽取10名学生，期末统计学课程的考试分数分别为：68，73，66，76，86，74，63，90，65，89，该班考试分数的中位数是（）A.72.5B.73.0C.73.5D.74.518、比较几组数据的离散程度最适合的统计量是（）A.极差B.平均差C.标准差D.离散系数19、全距是（）A.一个组的上限和下限之差B.变量值中最大和最小值之差C.一个组的上限和下限之间的中点值D.一个组的最大与最小值之差20、分布特征呈现“两头小，中间大”的分布类型是（）A.U型分布B.钟形分布C.正J形分布D.反J形分布21.动态数列的构成要素是（）A.变量和次数B.时间和指标数值C.时间和次数D.主词和宾词22.某农贸市场土豆价格2月份比1月份上涨5%，3月份比2月份下降2%，则3月份土豆价格与1月份相比（）A.下降2%B.提高3%C.下降2.9%D.提高2.9%23.某城市2009年末有人口750万人，有零售商业网点3万个，则该市的商业网点密度为（）A.2.5千人/个B.250人/个C.0.25个/千人D.250个/人24.截至2011年6月31日，某市高校在校学生人数5.1万人，这个指标属于（ ）A.时点指标B.动态相对指标C.比较相对指标D.时期指标25.某地区2005-2010年各年6月30日统计的人口资料见下表，则该地区2005—2010年间的平均人数为（ ）A.（23/2+23+24+25+25+26/2）/5=24.3（万人）B.（23+24+25+25+26）/5=24.6（万人）C.（23/2+23+24+25+25+26/2）/5=19.7（万人）D.（23/2+23+24+25+25+26/2）/6=20.25（万人）26.某百货公司今年同去年相比，各种商品的价格综合指数为105%，这说明（ ）A.商品价格平均上涨了5%B.商品销售量平均上涨了5%C.由于价格提高使销售量上涨了5%D.由于价格提高使销售量下降了5%27.某商店今年同去年相比，商品销售额增长了16%，销售量增长了18%，则销售价格增减变动的百分比为（ ）A.1.7%B.-1.7%C.3.7%D.-3.7%28. 表示（ ）A.由于价格变动而引起的产值增减数B.由于价格变动而引起的产量增减数C.由于产量变动而引起的价格增减数D.由于产量变动而引起的产值增减数29.某居民在维持基本生活水准的情况下，按报告期的物价购买消费品多支付20元，按基期价格购买的消费品支出是400元，则价格指数为（ ）A.95%B.110%C.90%D.105%30.下列说法正确的有（ ）A.股票价格指数一般由国家统计局编制B.商品零售价格指数一般按年按季进行编制C.商品零售价格指数就是经常提到的CPID.居民消费价格指数一般由金融服务机构编制31.已知x 与y 之间存在负相关关系，下列回归方程中肯定错误的是（ ）11∑∑-0111p q p qA. B.C. D. 32.纯随机抽样（重复）的平均误差取决于（ ）A.样本单位数B.总体方差C.样本单位数和总体方差D.样本单位数和样本单位数占总体的比重33.根据城市电话网100次通话情况调查，得知每次通话平均持续时间为4分钟，标准差为2分钟，在概率保证度为95.45%(t=2)的要求下，估计每次通话时间为（ ）A.3.9～4.1分钟之间B.3.8～4.2分钟之间C.3.7～4.3分钟之间D.3.6～4.4分钟之间34.抽样调查的主要目的是（ ）A.计算和控制抽样误差B.为了应用概率论C.为了深入调查研究D.根据样本指标的数值来推断总体指标的数值35.抽样误差的定义是（ ） A.样本指标和总体指标之间抽样误差的可能范围B.样本指标和总体指标之间抽样误差的可能程度C.样本指标和总体指标之间数量上的区别D.抽样平均数的标准差二、多项选择题1.下列属于数量标志的有（ ）A.工人年龄B.工人性别C.工人体重D.工人工资2.某班学生数学考试成绩分别为65分、71分和81分，这三个数字是（ ）A.指标B.标志C.变量值D.标志值3.下列变量中，（ ）属于连续变量A.企业的产量B.企业的利润C.产品销售价格D.企业职工人数4.统计的研究方法有（ ）。
2017年12月份大学英语(1)-(-第2次-)
第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共 5 小题，每小题 20 分）1.There is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors. This injustice demoralized the young engineer and many of her colleagues. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.All the same, we should not be pessimistic. More and more, the modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their face fits. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine, which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped it, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, "This can't be right! $100 just for tapping a machine with a hammer" The engineer wrote out a new bill: "For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap it, $99."(1).It is believed that some people have succeeded in life because____.A.they feel superior to othersB.they are both influential and powerfulC.they have some special advantagesD.they have a poor background(2).The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because____.A.it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleaguesB.her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the jobC.the man who got his promotion was more experienced than she wasD.her bosses did not approve of her political views and opinions(3).The engineer who repaired the machine was right to charge $100 because____.A.he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with itB.the factory owner could not have repaired it himselfC.he hit the machine to get it started againD.he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills(4).The author's attitude toward the widespread belief is____.A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.sympathetic(5).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE____ A.Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.B.The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.C.Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.D.Those who are good in their job are still largely needed by the modern society.2.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside, since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhood, in which they had lived. The people leftin the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the past sixty years, San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in the offices and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, "Why bother with going downtown at all Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the same area" Gradually some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium as wellWhat did the city lose when those people moved out to the suburbs____A.housesB.carsC.jobsD.tax money(2).What are not the resulting effects on cities when those people moved out____A.There were more crimes.B.Cities were in a bad condition.C.Only one mass transit system was completed.Some small companies moved in while larger ones moved out.(3).According to the passage, the suburbs____.A.were deserted at nightB.were deserted at nightC.had a high construction costD.had some declined business center(4).Which of the following statements are True according to thepassage____A.Some companies in the United States moved to Sweden, Germany and Belgium.B.Fresh air, spacious room and being away from others attract people to move to the suburbs.C.People wouldn't pay tax when they moved out of cities.D.The neighborhood should be maintained by old and poor people.(5).What is the best title for this passage____A.Urban RenewalB.Suburban SprawlC.Effects of the move to the suburbsD.Development of the Suburbs3.Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest （珠穆朗玛峰）. It is the highest mountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Mount Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal（尼泊尔夏尔巴人）. Their goal is to remove all the trash（废物，垃圾）they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and other kinds of trash. They are expectedto remove at least three tons of trash in large bags.Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes theeffort will influence other people to clean up the environment closer home.Human waste on Everest is a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat human waste. Over the years, the waste articles have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Everest has become more popular.(1).What are those Americans concerned about when they are planning the trip up Mount Everest____A.The environment pollution of the mountain.B.The success in climbing up the mountain.C.The equipment for their trip to the mountain.D.The risks facing the climbers of the mountain.From the passage we can learn that the clean-up effort ____.A.is opposed by the local peopleB.is the largest one supported by NepalC.is encouraged by the American governmentD.is the greatest one ever made on Mount Everest(3).What does the American team plan to do on the trip up the mountain ____A.To make Everest even cleaner than it was.B.To tell climbers not to leave waste materials.C.To take away all the trash they could find there.To collect and treat human waste before the ice melted. (4).Team leader Mr. Hoffman hopes to turn Mount Everest into ____.A.its former state a few years agoB.its original condition half a century agoC.a place with no pollution at allD.the cleanest mountain in the world(5).What is probably the best title for this passage ____A.A Risky Trip Up Mount EverestB.Pollution on Mount EverestC.Mount Everest — Clean-up EffortD.Robert Hoffman and His Clean-up Team4.Since founding his Microsoft computer software company in 1975, Bill Gates, this pale-skinned, soft-handed little genius has turned the company into a transnational monster with a market capitalization of $ US38 billion value that makes it bigger than Ford, General Motors or Boeing. Bill Gates’s own 30 percent share of the company has made him, at 38, the second richest individual in the US, worth somewhere about $ 9 billion.Forbes magazine recently estimated that, if you converted his personal wealth into Rolls Royces, they would stretch nose-to-tail from Seattle, Microsoft’s hometown, to Vancouver in Canada, a distance of 500 kilometers. Gates and his wife will be moving into a $ US25 million house on the shore of Lake Washington.Microsoft empire, which was founded on the motto "A computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft Software". "Sometimes we’d drop the ‘in every home’ bit," Gates says, "and sometimes we’d drop the ‘running Microsoft’ bit, depending on who we were talking to." In the 18 years since he first suspected that the microprocessor chip was going to change the world, Gates’s vision has proved remarkably prescient. As well as business undergoing computerization, a quarter of American homes now contain a personal computer or PC, with as many again planning to buy one in the next two years. They may not all be running Microsoft programs, but about 90 percent of them are.Even so Gates admits it has been a longer wait than he originally anticipated. He thought that computer developments would happen much faster. But he hopes for too much too quickly. He says "I had a far too optimistic time-frame for most of the things I thought would come tree the prevalence of the PC, the effect of the microprocessor, the success of graphical user interface, the success of CD-based software". This last development, only now beginning to take hold, which allows the storage of all kinds of sound and visual informationwith greatly increased memory capacity, has been eight years in the development.(1).Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage ____ A.Bill Gates, at 38, has been the second richest individual in the US.B.Bill Gates has Rolls-Royces stretch nose-to-tail from Seattle to Vancouver.C.25 percent of American families now contain a PC.D.Microsoft programs are nm on the PCs of about 90 percent of the families owning a PC.(2).Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ____A.Progressive.B.Prior.C.Primary.D.Far-sighted.(3).From the above passage, what can we know about Bill Gates ____A.He founded Microsoft computer software company in 1975.B.The motto of Microsoft is "A computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft Software".C.It would take longer than he expected to realize his dreams about his Microsoft empire.D.All of the above.(4).Bill Gates was too optimistic about the following except ____.A.the prevalence of the PC.B.the effect of the microprocessor.C.the success of VCD-based software.D.the success of graphical user interface.(5).Which of the following is the best title for the above passage ____ A.The Wealth of Bill Gates.B.The Future of Microsoft.C.The Road of Microsoft.D.The Foresight of Bill Gates.5.Accidents are caused: they don't just happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune—frustration, tiredness or just bad temper—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone (易发生的), so often at odds with (和……争执) themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally (不道德的) careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions (预防措施) and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment——noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.(1).This passage might be taken from____.A.a text bookB.a science fictionC.a popular magazineD.an annual report of a company(2).The writer indicates that____.A.British people are often absent-mindedB.doctors should work in factories to avoid accidentsC.drivers are the only factor leading to road accidentsD.there are always some people who fail to observe regulations(3).Which of the following is not mentioned as a factor of accidents____ A.anxietyB.tirednessC.bad weatherD.carelessness(4)."Accident-prone" (Para. 2) probably means "____".A.liable to have accidentsB.likely to be killed in accidentsC.responsible for road accidentsD.possible to avoid accidents(5).Which of the following could serve as the best title for this passage____A.Prevention of AccidentsB.Causes of AccidentsC.Results of AccidentsD.Accidents and Anxiety答案：一、阅读理解（100分，共 5 题，每小题 20 分）1.(1). C (2). D (3). D (4). B (5). B2.(1). D (2). D (3). B (4). B (5). C3.(1). A (2). D (3). C (4). B (5). C4.(1). B (2). D (3). D (4). C (5). A5.(1). C (2). D (3). C (4). A (5). B。
2017年浙江工商大学432统计学考研真题参考答案
24．如果时间数列共有 20 年的年度资料，若使用五项移动平均法进行修匀，结果修匀之后的时间数 列只有（ ）。
A．19 项 B．18 项 C．16 项 D．15 项 【答案】C 【解析】采用 n 项移动平均法修匀数列，减少的项数为 n－1 项。
25．若无季节变动，则季节指数应该是（ ）。 A．等于零 B．等于 1 C．大于 1 D．小于零 【答案】B 【解析】在乘法模型中，季节指数是以其平均数等于 100%为条件构成的，它反映了某一月份或季度 的数值占全年平均数值的大小。如果现象的发展没有季节变动，则各期的季节指数应等于 100%；如果某 一月份或季度有明显的季节变化，则各期的季节指数应大于或小于 100%。
13．估计标准误说明回归直线的代表性，因此（ ）。
A．估计标准误数值越大，说明回归直线的代表性越大 B．估计标准误数值越大，说明回归直线的代表性越小 C．估计标准误数值越小，说明回归直线的代表性越小 D．估计标准误数值越小，说明回归直线的实用价值越小 【答案】B 【解析】估计的标准误差反映了用估计的回归方程预测因变量 y 时预测误差的大小。各观测点越靠近 直线，估计的标准误差越小，回归直线对各观测点的代表性就越好，回归直线的实用价值就越高。
2017年12月份大学英语(1)-(-第2次-)
第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共 5 小题，每小题 20 分）1.There is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors. This injustice demoralized the young engineer and many of her colleagues. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.All the same, we should not be pessimistic. More and more, the modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their face fits. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine, which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped it, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, "This can't be right! $100 just for tapping a machine with a hammer?" The engineer wrote out a new bill: "For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap it, $99."(1).It is believed that some people have succeeded in life because____.A.they feel superior to othersB.they are both influential and powerfulC.they have some special advantagesD.they have a poor background(2).The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because____.A.it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleaguesB.her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the jobC.the man who got his promotion was more experienced than she wasD.her bosses did not approve of her political views and opinions(3).The engineer who repaired the machine was right to charge $100 because____.A.he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with itB.the factory owner could not have repaired it himselfC.he hit the machine to get it started againD.he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills(4).The author's attitude toward the widespread belief is____.A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.sympathetic(5).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?____ A.Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.B.The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.C.Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.D.Those who are good in their job are still largely needed by the modern society.2.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside, since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhood, in which they had lived. The people leftin the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the past sixty years, San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in the offices and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, "Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the same area?" Gradually some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium as well(1).What did the city lose when those people moved out to thesuburbs?____A.housesB.carsC.jobsD.tax money(2).What are not the resulting effects on cities when those people moved out?____A.There were more crimes.B.Cities were in a bad condition.C.Only one mass transit system was completed.D.Some small companies moved in while larger ones moved out.(3).According to the passage, the suburbs____.A.were deserted at nightB.were deserted at nightC.had a high construction costD.had some declined business center(4).Which of the following statements are True according to the passage?____A.Some companies in the United States moved to Sweden, Germany and Belgium.B.Fresh air, spacious room and being away from others attract people to move to the suburbs.C.People wouldn't pay tax when they moved out of cities.D.The neighborhood should be maintained by old and poor people.(5).What is the best title for this passage?____A.Urban RenewalB.Suburban SprawlC.Effects of the move to the suburbsD.Development of the Suburbs3.Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest （珠穆朗玛峰）. It is the highest mountain in the world. But many people who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming the environment.A team of Americans is planning the largest clean-up effort ever on Mount Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas of Nepal（尼泊尔夏尔巴人）. Their goal is to remove all the trash（废物，垃圾）they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans, human waste and other kinds of trash. They are expectedto remove at least three tons of trash in large bags.Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain. He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the first successful climb fifty years ago. He says he hopes theeffort will influence other people to clean up the environment closer home.Human waste on Everest is a major concern. So the clean-up team will take along newly developed equipment to collect and treat human waste. Over the years, the waste articles have polluted the mountain. In the warm season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing Everest has become more popular.(1).What are those Americans concerned about when they are planning the trip up Mount Everest?____A.The environment pollution of the mountain.B.The success in climbing up the mountain.C.The equipment for their trip to the mountain.D.The risks facing the climbers of the mountain.(2).From the passage we can learn that the clean-up effort ____.A.is opposed by the local peopleB.is the largest one supported by NepalC.is encouraged by the American governmentD.is the greatest one ever made on Mount Everest(3).What does the American team plan to do on the trip up the mountain? ____A.To make Everest even cleaner than it was.B.To tell climbers not to leave waste materials.C.To take away all the trash they could find there.D.To collect and treat human waste before the ice melted. (4).Team leader Mr. Hoffman hopes to turn Mount Everest into ____.A.its former state a few years agoB.its original condition half a century agoC.a place with no pollution at allD.the cleanest mountain in the world(5).What is probably the best title for this passage? ____A.A Risky Trip Up Mount EverestB.Pollution on Mount EverestC.Mount Everest — Clean-up EffortD.Robert Hoffman and His Clean-up Team4.Since founding his Microsoft computer software company in 1975, Bill Gates, this pale-skinned, soft-handed little genius has turned the company into a transnational monster with a market capitalization of $ US38 billion value that makes it bigger than Ford, General Motors or Boeing. Bill Gates’s own 30 percent share of the company has made him, at 38, the second richest individual in the US, worth somewhere about $ 9 billion.Forbes magazine recently estimated that, if you converted his personal wealth into Rolls Royces, they would stretch nose-to-tail from Seattle, Microsoft’s hometown, to Vancouver in Canada, a distance of 500 kilometers. Gates and his wife will be moving into a $ US25 million house on the shore of Lake Washington.Microsoft empire, which was founded on the motto "A computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft Software". "Sometimes we’d drop the ‘in every home’ bit," Gates says, "and sometimes we’d drop the ‘running Microsoft’ bit, depending on who we were talking to." In the 18 years since he first suspected that the microprocessor chip was going to change the world, Gates’s vision has proved remarkably prescient. As well as business undergoing computerization, a quarter of American homes now contain a personal computer or PC, with as many again planning to buy one in the next two years. They may not all be running Microsoft programs, but about 90 percent of them are.Even so Gates admits it has been a longer wait than he originally anticipated. He thought that computer developments would happen much faster. But he hopes for too much too quickly. He says "I had a far too optimistic time-frame for most of the things I thought would come tree the prevalence of the PC, the effect of the microprocessor, the success of graphical user interface, the success of CD-basedsoftware". This last development, only now beginning to take hold, which allows the storage of all kinds of sound and visual information with greatly increased memory capacity, has been eight years in the development.(1).Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? ____ A.Bill Gates, at 38, has been the second richest individual in the US.B.Bill Gates has Rolls-Royces stretch nose-to-tail from Seattle to Vancouver.C.25 percent of American families now contain a PC.D.Microsoft programs are nm on the PCs of about 90 percent of the families owning a PC.(2).Which of the following can best replace the underlined word? ____A.Progressive.B.Prior.C.Primary.D.Far-sighted.(3).From the above passage, what can we know about Bill Gates? ____A.He founded Microsoft computer software company in 1975.B.The motto of Microsoft is "A computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft Software".C.It would take longer than he expected to realize his dreams about his Microsoft empire.D.All of the above.(4).Bill Gates was too optimistic about the following except ____.A.the prevalence of the PC.B.the effect of the microprocessor.C.the success of VCD-based software.D.the success of graphical user interface.(5).Which of the following is the best title for the above passage? ____ A.The Wealth of Bill Gates.B.The Future of Microsoft.C.The Road of Microsoft.D.The Foresight of Bill Gates.5.Accidents are caused: they don't just happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leadingup to the misfortune—frustration, tiredness or just bad temper—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone (易发生的), so often at odds with (和……争执) themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally (不道德的) careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions (预防措施) and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment——noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.(1).This passage might be taken from____.A.a text bookB.a science fictionC.a popular magazineD.an annual report of a company(2).The writer indicates that____.A.British people are often absent-mindedB.doctors should work in factories to avoid accidentsC.drivers are the only factor leading to road accidentsD.there are always some people who fail to observe regulations(3).Which of the following is not mentioned as a factor of accidents?____ A.anxietyB.tirednessC.bad weatherD.carelessness(4)."Accident-prone" (Para. 2) probably means "____".A.liable to have accidentsB.likely to be killed in accidentsC.responsible for road accidentsD.possible to avoid accidents(5).Which of the following could serve as the best title for this passage?____A.Prevention of AccidentsB.Causes of AccidentsC.Results of AccidentsD.Accidents and Anxiety答案：一、阅读理解（100分，共 5 题，每小题 20 分）1.(1). C (2). D (3). D (4). B (5). B2.(1). D (2). D (3). B (4). B (5). C3.(1). A (2). D (3). C (4). B (5). C4.(1). B (2). D (3). D (4). C (5). A5.(1). C (2). D (3). C (4). A (5). B。
安徽省“皖南八校”2017届高三第二次联考(12月)数学(文)试题(pdf版)
15
' ' ' # 7# 26 26 '$ 5 % ' 5' % '5! uv. ( '$ 5' % '5' % &00000000000000000 + / $ 6# 6
' ' $ d 8# 26 26 26 '$ '$ 5' % '5' %& '$ 5' %! # '2$ 7# 7# 8
t %1 %1!& e'
.)5*+- 2
' " ! , '2 " % ! ' $! 0 "2! 0 * ) + * + 25 +* " %2' -
' ' ' `a - /1 2!! 0000000000000000000000000000000000 " / "
! ! X0 0 0 0 0 0* 0 ! '2 , 2 , 3 25 , 2 2 , 3 25 " " 0
! f& # $ ' %2!5'8 '
' $ NU 8# w=xyz & '$ '$ 5' % '5' % p# '$ %3$& 26 26 $ 2!5' $& /0 $ 7# 28# 8#
' ' w=xyz & NU 6# t 8# '$ '$ '$ 5 % ' 5' % '5! p # $& /0 $ 26 26 7# 3$&
《统计学》课后练习题答案
A．透视表B.合并计算C.单变量求解D.分类汇总
5.小张收集了1957-2007年中国GDP的数据，如果要反映这50年我国生产发展的趋势，用什么图形最为合适？（）（知识点3.5答案：D）
A.直方图B.散点图C.饼图D.折线图
37
பைடு நூலகம்33.6
130-140
12
10.9
103
93.6
19
17.3
140-150
5
4.5
108
98.2
7
6.4
150-160
2
1.8
110
100.0
2
1.8
合计
110
100
—
—
—
—
A.树苗高度低于110厘米的占总数的39.1%B.树苗高度低于110厘米的占总数的84.5%
C.树苗高度高于130厘米的有19棵D.树苗高度高于130厘米的有103棵
第二章数据的收集与整理
2.1数据的来源
2.2统计调查方案设计
2.3调查方法
2.4调查的组织方式：普查、抽样调查、重点调查、典型调查
2.5抽样的组织方式：简单随机抽样、系统抽样、分层抽样、整群抽样
2.6数据的审定：误差
2.7数据的分组
2.8.编制次数分布表：频数（次数）、频率
习题
一、单项选择题
1．小吴为写毕业论文去收集数据资料，（）是次级数据。(知识点：2.1答案：C)
A.指标B.标志C.变量D.标志值
8.以一、二、三等品来衡量产品质地的优劣，那么该产品等级是（）。(知识点：1.7答案：A)
A.品质标志B.数量标志C.质量指标D.数量指标
统计学原理作业2答案(新)
《统计学原理》作业（二）（第四章）一、判断题1、总体单位总量和总体标志总量是固定不变的，不能互相变换。
（×）2、相对指标都是用无名数形式表现出来的。
（×）3、能计算总量指标的总体必须是有限总体。
（×）4、按人口平均的粮食产量是一个平均数。
（×）5、在特定条件下，加权算术平均数等于简单算术平均数。
（√）6、用总体部分数值与总体全部数值对比求得的相对指标。
说明总体内部的组成状况，这个相对指标是比例相对指标。
（×）7、国民收入中积累额与消费额之比为1：3，这是一个比较相对指标。
（×）8、总量指标和平均指标反映了现象总体的规模和一般水平。
但掩盖了总体各单位的差异情况，因此通过这两个指标不能全面认识总体的特征。
（√）9、用相对指标分子资料作权数计算平均数应采用加权算术平均法。
（×）10、标志变异指标数值越大，说明总体中各单位标志值的变异程度就越大，则平均指标的代表性就越小。
（√）二、单项选择1、总量指标数值大小（A）A、随总体范围扩大而增大B、随总体范围扩大而减小C、随总体范围缩小而增大D、与总体范围大小无关2、直接反映总体规模大小的指标是（C）A、平均指标B、相对指标C、总量指标D、变异指标3、总量指标按其反映的时间状况不同可以分为（D）A、数量指标和质量指标B、实物指标和价值指标C、总体单位总量和总体标志总量D、时期指标和时点指标4、不同时点的指标数值（B）A、具有可加性B、不具有可加性C、可加或可减D、都不对5、由反映总体各单位数量特征的标志值汇总得出的指标是（B）A、总体单位总量B、总体标志总量C、质量指标D、相对指标6、计算结构相对指标时，总体各部分数值与总体数值对比求得的比重之和（C）A、小于100%B、大于100%C、等于100%D、小于或大于100%7、相对指标数值的表现形式有( D )A、无名数B、实物单位与货币单位C、有名数D、无名数与有名数8、下列相对数中，属于不同时期对比的指标有（B）A、结构相对数B、动态相对数C、比较相对数D、强度相对数9、假设计划任务数是五年计划中规定最后一年应达到的水平，计算计划完成程度相对指标可采用（B）A、累计法B、水平法C、简单平均法D、加权平均法10、按照计划，今年产量比上年增加30%，实际比计划少完成10%，同上年比今年产量实际增长程度为（D）。
天大2017年12月考试数值计算方式离线作业考核试题
数值计算方式要求：一、独立完成，下面五组题目中，请任选其中一组题目作答，总分值100分； 二、答题步骤：1. 利用A4纸打印学院指定答题纸（答题纸请详见附件）；2. 在答题纸上利用黑色水笔．．．．按题目要求手写．．作答；答题纸上全数信息要求手写，包括中心、学号、姓名、科目、答题组数等大体信息和答题内容，请写明题型、题号；三、提交方式：请将作答完成后的整页答题纸以图片形式依次粘贴在一个．．．．．．．Word ．．．． 文档中．．．上传（只粘贴部份内容的图片不给分），图片请维持正向、清楚； 1. 上传文件命名为“中心-学号-姓名-科目.doc ” 2. 文件容量大小：不得超过20MB 。
提示：未按要求作答题目．．．．．．．．的作业．．．及类似作业．．．．．，成绩以．．．．0．分记．．！题目如下： 第一组：一、 计算题（共56分）1、 （28分）设有线性方程组b Ax =，其中⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛=⎥⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎢⎣⎡=582,3015515103531b A（1）求A LU =分解; （2）求方程组的解 (3)判定矩阵A 的正定性2、（28分）用列主元素消元法求解方程组1311145431221111x x x --⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥-=-⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦二、 论述题（共44分）1、 （28分）已知方程组Ax b =，其中1221111,22213A b -⎡⎤⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥==⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦（1）写出该方程组的Jacobi 迭代法和Gauss-Seidel 迭代法的分量形式； （2）判定（1）中两种方式的收敛性，若是均收敛，说明哪一种方式收敛更快。
2、（16分）利用高斯消去法解线性代数方程组，一样什么缘故要用选主元的技术？第二组：一、 综合题（共82分）1、 （28分） 已知以下函数表：(1)写出相应的三次Lagrange 插值多项式；(2)作均差表，写出相应的三次Newton 插值多项式，并计算()1.5f 的近似值。
统计学(专科)-复习题(含答案)
统计学（专科）复习题一、填空题：（共5题，每小题2分，共10分）1、统计指数按其表明的统计指标的性质不同，可分为指标和指标。
2、统计整体设计的主要内容是:一.______ _______;二.______ ___ 三.收集统计资料方法的设计;四.统计工作各个部门和各阶段的协调与关联;五.统计力量组织与安排。
3、社会经济现象的是计算和应用平均数的一个重要原则。
4、积累额与消费额的比例为1∶4。
a.积累额占国民收入使用额的20％；b.积累额是消费额的 1/4。
这里，a为相对数，b 为相对数。
5、我国1987年粮食总产量为40298万吨,到本世纪末，必须争取达到50000万吨，从1987年到2000年的粮食总产量年平均增长速度应为_________。
答案：1、数量指标、质量指标2、统计指标及体系设计、统计分组设计3、同质性。
4、结构、比例 5、1.67%二、单选题（共15题，每题2分，共30分）1、欲使数量指标算术平均法指数的计算结果、经济内容与数量指标综合法指数相同,权数应是( )。
A、 q0p0B、 q1p1C、 q1p0D、 q0p1正确答案： A2、如果你的业务是销售运动衫,哪一种运动衫号码的度量对你更为有用( )。
A、均值B、中位数C、众数D、四分位数正确答案： C3、某年末某地区城市人均居住面积为20平方米,标准差为8.4平方米,乡村人均居住面积为30平方米,标准差为11.6平方米,则该地区城市和乡村居民居住面积的离散程度( )。
A、乡村较大B、城市较大C、城市和乡村一样D、不能比较正确答案： B4、某厂某种产品生产有很强的季节性,各月计划任务有很大差异,今年1月超额完成计划3%,2月刚好完成计划,3月超额完成12%,则该厂该年一季度超额完成计划( )。
A、 3%B、 4%C、 5%D、无法计算正确答案： D5、两个不同时期按可比价计算的国内生产总值之比属于( )。
A、主要比例关系分析B、经济效益分析C、经济速度分析D、社会总供需平衡分析正确答案： C6、国内生产总值2000亿元,其中农业200亿元,工业600亿元,建筑业220亿元,运输邮电商业320亿元,则第三次产业的比重为( )。
统计学原理作业2答案(新)
《统计学原理》作业（二）（第四章）一、判断题1、总体单位总量和总体标志总量是固定不变的，不能互相变换。
（×）2、相对指标都是用无名数形式表现出来的。
（×）3、能计算总量指标的总体必须是有限总体。
（×）4、按人口平均的粮食产量是一个平均数。
（×）5、在特定条件下，加权算术平均数等于简单算术平均数。
（√）6、用总体部分数值与总体全部数值对比求得的相对指标。
说明总体内部的组成状况，这个相对指标是比例相对指标。
（×）7、国民收入中积累额与消费额之比为1：3，这是一个比较相对指标。
（×）8、总量指标和平均指标反映了现象总体的规模和一般水平。
但掩盖了总体各单位的差异情况，因此通过这两个指标不能全面认识总体的特征。
（√）9、用相对指标分子资料作权数计算平均数应采用加权算术平均法。
（×）10、标志变异指标数值越大，说明总体中各单位标志值的变异程度就越大，则平均指标的代表性就越小。
（√）二、单项选择1、总量指标数值大小（A）A、随总体范围扩大而增大B、随总体范围扩大而减小C、随总体范围缩小而增大D、与总体范围大小无关2、直接反映总体规模大小的指标是（C）A、平均指标B、相对指标C、总量指标D、变异指标3、总量指标按其反映的时间状况不同可以分为（D）A、数量指标和质量指标B、实物指标和价值指标C、总体单位总量和总体标志总量D、时期指标和时点指标4、不同时点的指标数值（B）A、具有可加性B、不具有可加性C、可加或可减D、都不对5、由反映总体各单位数量特征的标志值汇总得出的指标是（B）A、总体单位总量B、总体标志总量C、质量指标D、相对指标6、计算结构相对指标时，总体各部分数值与总体数值对比求得的比重之和（C）A、小于100%B、大于100%C、等于100%D、小于或大于100%7、相对指标数值的表现形式有( D )A、无名数B、实物单位与货币单位C、有名数D、无名数与有名数8、下列相对数中，属于不同时期对比的指标有（B）A、结构相对数B、动态相对数C、比较相对数D、强度相对数9、假设计划任务数是五年计划中规定最后一年应达到的水平，计算计划完成程度相对指标可采用（B）A、累计法B、水平法C、简单平均法D、加权平均法10、按照计划，今年产量比上年增加30%，实际比计划少完成10%，同上年比今年产量实际增长程度为（D）。
2017学年第二学期高三理科数学第二轮专题复习《统计案例》学案
第三讲 统计案例考点与目标：了解分层抽样和系统抽样方法；会列频率分布表，会画频率分布直方图、频率折线图、茎叶图，理解它们各自的特点；会计算数据标准差，能从样本数据中提取基本的数学特征（如平均数．标准差），并作出合理的解释；会作散点图，了解最小二乘法的思想，能根据给出的线性回归方程系数公式建立线性回归方程；了解一些常见的统计方法，并能应用这些方法解决一些实际问题: 独立检验、回归分析等. 高考考情分析三、课内练习1、 某新闻媒体为了了解观众对央视《开门大吉》节目的喜爱与性别是否有关系，随机调查了观看该节目的观众________的把握认为“喜爱该节目与否和性别有关”.2．为了解某社区居民的家庭年收入与年支出的关系，随机调查了该社区5户家庭，得到如根据上表可得回归直线方程y ＝b x ＋a ，其中b ＝0.76，a ＝y －b x .据此估计，该社区一户年收入为15万元家庭的年支出为( )A.11.4万元B.11.8万元C.12.0万元D.12.2万元3．根据某电子商务平台的调查统计显示，参与调查的1 000位上网购物者的年龄情况如图所示．已知[30，40)，[40，50)，[50，60)三个年龄段的上网购物者人数成等差数列，则购物者年龄的众数为，平均数为 ，中位数为 。
二、考 点 整 合(1)回归直线y ＝b x ＋a 经过样本点的中心点(x －，y －)，若x 取某一个值代入回归直线方程y ＝b x ＋a 中，可求出y 的估计值. (2)独立性检验K 2＝n （ad －bc ）2（a ＋b ）（c ＋d ）（a ＋c ）（b ＋d ）(其中n ＝a ＋b ＋c ＋d 为样本容量).三、典 例 突 破【例1】第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议和政协第十二届全国委员会第五次会议(简称两会)将分别于2017年3月5日和3月3日在北京开幕.全国两会召开前夕,某网站推出两会热点大型调查,调查数据表明,民生问题是百姓最为关心的热点,参与调查者中关注此问题的约占80%.现从参与者中随机选出200人,并将这200人按年龄分组：第1组[)15,25,第2组[)25,35,第3组[)35,45,第4组[)45,55,第5组[)55,65,得到的频率分布直方图如图所示:(1)现在要从年龄较小的第1,2,3组中用分层抽样的方法抽取12人,再从这12人中随机抽取3人赠送礼品,求抽取的3人中至少有1人年龄在第3组的概率；(2)若从所有参与调查的人（人数很多）中任意选出3人,记关注民生问题的人数为X ,求X 的分布列与期望；(3)把年龄在第1,2,3组的居民称为青少年组,年龄在第4,5组的居民称为中老年组,若选出的200人中不关注民生问题的人中老年人有10人,问是否有0099的把握认为是否关注民生问题与年龄有关？【例2】．某公司为确定下一年度投入某种产品的宣传费，需了解年宣传费x (单位：千元)对年销售量y (单位：t)和年利润z (单位：千元)的影响，对近8年的年宣传费x i 和年销售量y i (i ＝1，2，…，8)数据作了初步处理，得到下面的散点图及一些统计量的值．()iy y -表中w i ＝x i ，w ＝18∑i ＝18w i .(1)根据散点图判断，y ＝a ＋bx 与y ＝c ＋d x 哪一个适宜作为年销售量y 关于年宣传费x 的回归方程类型？(给出判断即可，不必说明理由)(2)根据(1)的判断结果及表中数据，建立y 关于x 的回归方程；(3)已知这种产品的年利润z 与x ，y 的关系为z ＝0.2y －x .根据(2)的结果回答下列问题： ①年宣传费x ＝49时，年销售量及年利润的预报值是多少？ ②年宣传费x 为何值时，年利润的预报值最大？附：对于一组数据(u 1，v 1)，(u 2，v 2)，…，(u n ，v n )，其回归直线v ＝α＋βu 的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计分别为：β^＝1121()(),()nii nii u u v v a v u u u β==--=--∑∑.四、课外练习1、下图是我国2008年至2014年生活垃圾无害化处理量（单位：亿吨）的折线图（I）由折线图看出，可用线性回归模型拟合y与t的关系，请用相关系数加以说明;（II）建立y关于t的回归方程（系数精确到0.01），预测2016年我国生活垃圾无害化处理量。
《统计学基础(第2版)》参考答案
【习题与实践训练】答案第一章判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.√8.×9.× 10.√单项选择题1.B2.D3.D4.D5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A 10.C多项选择题1.BCDE2.ABCD3.ACD4.ADE5.ABC6.ABCDE7.ADE8.BCE9.ABCDE 10.BCD填空题1.工作过程与结果理论与实践2.统计设计、统计调查、统计整理和统计分析3.大量观察法、统计分组法、综合指标法4. 变动的数量标志5.总体单位数量标志品质标志统计总体数量指标质量指标6.指标条件指标名称、指标数值、指标单位7.一系列相互联系的统计指标所组成的有机整体基本专题8. 定性数据定量数据9.母体子样 10.连续型变量离散型变量应用能力训练题1.略2.略3. ⑴总体：持有该公司信用卡的所有顾客；总体单位：持有该公司信用卡的每一位顾客；样本：300名顾客；样本量：300名；品质标志：过去六个月是否购买产品；数量标志：每位顾客购买金额；数量指标：300名顾客购买总额；质量指标：平均购买额为1782.67元；统计量：300名顾客平均购买额为1782.67元；参数：持有该公司信用卡的所有顾客购买总额。
⑵本案例采用的统计方法属推断统计。
4.轿车生产总量，旅游收入是数量指标；经济发展速度，人口出生率，安置再就业人数，城镇居民人均可支配收入，恩格尔系数是质量指标。
区分数量指标与质量指标的方法是：数量指标用绝对数表示，质量指标用相对数和平均数表示。
5.总体：中国农民；样本：全国31个省(区、市)6.8万户农村住户的农民；变量：现金收入、工资性收入、出售农产品的收入、家庭二、三产业生产经营收入、财产性收入、转移性收入。
6.略。
第二章判断题1.×2.×3.×4. √5.×6.×7. ×8. √9.× 10. ×单项选择题1.C2.A3.A4.C5.B6.D7.A8.C9.B 10.D多项选择题1.BDE2.ACD3.BCD4.ADE5.BCE6.ABCE7.ABCE8.BDE9.BDE 10.ABC填空题1.单一表一览表2.普查抽样调查重点调查典型调查3.全面调查非全面调查4.直接观察法5.有意识随机6.统计调查方案7.表头表体表脚8. 访问法（采访法、询问法）9. 开放式问题封闭式问题 10.网上直接调查网上间接调查应用能力训练题1.略2.略3. ⑴全面调查一次性调查直接调查统计报表⑵全面调查一次性调查直接调查普查⑶非全面调查经常性调查直接调查抽样调查⑷非全面调查经常性调查直接调查重点调查⑸非全面调查经常性调查直接调查典型调查4. ⑴直接观察法直接调查⑵实验法直接调查⑶访问法直接调查⑷网上调查直接调查5.略6.略第三章一、判断题1．× 2. × 3. × 4. × 5. √ 6. √ 7. × 8. × 9. √ 10. √二、选择题1．B 2. B 3. C 4.A 5. D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.A 三、多项选择题1．ACD 2.BCD 3.ABDE 4.CD 5.ACE 6.BCE 7.BCD 8.ABE 9.BCDE 10.BC 四、填空题1．选择分组标志和划分各组界限2．类型分组、结构分组和分析分组3．品质分配数列变量分配数列4．组限每个组的最大值每个组的最小值组中值5．反比6．上组限不在内7．等距分组异距分组8．按某标志分的组各组相应的分配次数或频率或标志值频数频率9．钟型分布、U型分布和J型分布。
统计学教案习题12统计表与统计图
第十二章 统计表与统计图一、教学大纲要求（一）掌握内容1．统计表（1） 统计表的结构。
（2） 统计表的种类。
（3） 编制统计表的注意事项。
2．统计图（1） 统计图的结构。
（2） 统计图的种类。
（3） 统计图的编制要求。
（二）熟悉内容 常用统计图的绘制方法和注意事项。
（三）了解内容 半对数线图、箱式图、误差线图等的绘制方法和注意事项。
二、教学内容精要（一）统计表与统计图的概念将统计资料及其指标以表格形式列出，称为统计表（statistical table ）。
狭义的统计表只表示统计指标。
统计图(statistical graph)是将统计指标以点的位置、线段的升降、直条的长短或面积的大小等几何图形直观的表示事物间的数量关系。
（二）统计表中应注意的几个问题1．列表的原则（1）重点突出，简单明了。
（2）主次分明，层次清楚，符合逻辑。
2．统计表的结构与编制要求统计表由标题、标目、线条和数字所构成。
如下表所示：横标目合 计数 字（1） 标题:位于表的上方，概括表的主要内容，一般需注明时间与地点。
（2）标目:有横、纵标目之分，分别说明横行和纵行数字的含义，应做到文字简明，层次清楚。
（3）线条:多采用三条半线，即顶线、底线、纵标目下的横隔线及合计上的半线。
忌斜线和竖线。
（4）数字:表内数据一律采用阿拉伯数字。
同一指标小数点位数要一致，位次要对齐。
表内不应有空项，无数字用“—”表示，数字为零则填“0”，暂缺项或未记录用“…”表示。
（5）备注:不为表的必备内容，如有必要，可在表内用“*”号标记，然后在表的下方加以说明。
3．统计表的种类统计表可分为简单表(simple table)和复合表(combinative table)两种类型。
简单表：只按单一特征或标志分组。
复合表：按两个或两个以上主要标志分组,如年龄和性别结合起来分组。
（三）统计图中应注意的几个问题1．统计图的结构统计图通常由标题、标目、刻度和图例四部分组成。
统计学作业 (2)
第二章习题（离散程度指标）1．[习题集P23第9题]某车间有两个小组，每组都是7人，每人日产量数如下：第一组：20、40、60、70、80、100、120；第二组：67、68、69、70、71、72、73。
已知两组工人每人平均日产量件数为70件，试计算：（1）R；（2）；（3），并比较哪个组的平均数代表性大？要求：如计算过程有小数，请保留至小数点后两位，余均同。
试据此分别计算其平均日产量，并说明哪个班的平均日产量代表性大？假定生产条件相同，试计算这两个品种的收获率（产量/播种面积），确定哪一品种具有较大的稳定性和推广价值。
注意：播种面积是“f”，而产量等于收获率乘以播种面积，因而是“xf”。
4．[习题集P25第15题]各标志值对任意数的方差为500，而这个任意数与标志值平均数之差为12，试确定标志值的方差（提示：方差是离差平方的平均数。
本题中的500是标志值与任意数的方差，即所测度的离差发生在标志值与某一任意数之间，而所求的方差是标志值与均值之间的方差）。
第二章习题（平均指标）试计算该局企业平均职工人数以及第20百分位数。
2．[习题集P21第3题]某乡播种2800亩早稻，其中35%的稻田使用良种，平均亩产750斤，其余的稻田平均亩产仅480斤。
试问：（1）全部耕地早稻平均亩产是多少？（2）早稻的全部产量是多少？试计算产品计划与实际的平均等级和平均出厂价格，指出两者间的经济联系（提示：可对产品等级进行赋值，尔后计算）。
根据该资料计算亩产的中位数和众数，并判断其分布态势。
第三章《时间序列分析》作业又知该厂7月初的工人数为1270人，前年12月份工业总产值为235万元。
要求计算该厂去年上半年的：（1）月平均工业总产值；（2）工业总产值的月平均增长量（以前年12月份为基期）； （3）平均工人人数；（4）月平均工人劳动生产率。
要求：计算该产品的平均单位成本。
试计算该企业这一时期总增加值平均计划完成程度。
试计算2001年该乡平均拥有的彩电台数。
统计学(贾俊平 第四版)课后习题答案
频数
2 3 9 12 7 4 2 1 40
频率%
5.0 7.5 22.5 30.0 17.5 10.0 5.0 2.5 100.0
要求：根据上面的数据进行适当的分组，编制频数分布表，并绘制直方图。
K 1
l g 4 0 l gn ( ) 1.60206 ，取 1 1 6.3 2 k=6 lg(2) lg 2 0.30103
2、确定组距： 组距＝( 最大值 - 最小值)÷ 组数=（49-25）÷6=4，取 5 3、分组频数表
要求： (1)根据上面的数据进行适当的分组，编制频数分布表，并计算出累积频数和累积频率。 1、确定组数：
K 1
l g 4 0 l gn ( ) 1.60206 ，取 1 1 6.3 2 k=6 lg(2) lg 2 0.30103
2、确定组距： 组距＝( 最大值 - 最小值)÷ 组数=（152-87）÷6=10.83，取 10 3、分组频数表 销售收入
直方图：
组距4，小于等于
40
30
Frequency
20
10
Mean =4.06 Std. Dev. =1.221 N =100 0 0 2 4 6 8
组距4，小于等于
组距 5，上限为小于等于 频数 有效 <= 45.00 46.00 - 50.00 51.00 - 55.00 56.00 - 60.00 61.00+ 合计 12 37 34 16 1 100 百分比 12.0 37.0 34.0 16.0 1.0 100.0 累计频数 12.0 49.0 83.0 99.0 100.0 累积百分比 12.0 49.0 83.0 99.0 100.0
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第2次作业 一、单项选择题（本大题共20分，共 20 小题，每小题 1 分） 1. 计算结构相对指标时，总体各部分数值与总体数值对比求得的比重之和（ ） A. 小于100% B. 大于100% C. 等于100% D. 小于或大于100% 2. 2004年，我国城镇居民家庭人均可支配收入达8820元，比2000年增长（ ），年平均增长才能为8%。 A. 32% B. 36.05% C. 43.4% D. 52.0% 3. 已知 C=1, P(B)=0 ，则（ ） A. A为必然事件，B 为不可能事件 B. A为必然事件，B 不是不可能事 C. A不是必然事件，B 为不可能事件 D. A不一定是必然事件，B 不一定是不可能事件
4. ( ) A. A与B 独立 B. A与B 不独立 C. 不一定 D. 只有当A =ф ，B =ф 时，A ，B 才独立 5. 社会经济统计的研究对象是（ ）。 A. 抽象的数量关系 B. 社会经济现象的规律性 C. 社会经济现象的数量特征和数量关系 D. 社会经济统计认识过程的规律和方法 6. 某商店销售额2000年要比1995年增长50%，则1995-2000平均增长速度为 （ ） A. 8.45% B. 10% C. 3.125% D. 8.71% 7. 在使用基期价格作权数计算商品销售量指数时（ ） A. 包含了价格变动的影响 B. 包含了价格和销售量变动的影响 C. 消除了价格和销售量变动的影响 D. 包含了销售量变动的影响 8. 某种产品产量1995年比1994年增长了10%，1996年比1994年增长了15%，1996年与1995年相比增长了（ ） A. 15%÷10% B. 150%÷110% C. （110%×150%）-1 D. （150%÷110%）-1 9. 在抽样调查中，可以计算和控制的误差是（ ）。 A. 抽样实际误差 B. 抽样标准误差 C. 非随机误差 D. 系统性误差
10. 在回归直线 中，回归系数 b 表示（ ） A. 当 x=0 时 y 的期望值 B. x 变动一个单位时 y 的变动总额 C. y 变动一个单位时 x 的平均变动量 D. x 变动一个单位时 y 的平均变动量 11. 某商店1992年与1991年相比，商品销售额上涨了16%，销售量增长了18%，则销售价格增减变动的百分比为（ ） A. 1.7% B. -1.7% C. 3.7% D. -3.7% 12. 下列指标中属于比例相对数的指标是（ ） A. 计划完成程度 B. 劳动生产率 C. 婴儿出生率 D. 食品消费支出占全部消费支出的比重 13. 某企业今年与去年相比，产量增长了15%，单位产品成本增长了10%，则总生产费用增减变动的百分比为（ ） A. 4.8% B. 26.5% C. 1.5% D. 4.5% 14. 在分组时，若有某单位的变量值正好等于相邻组的下限时，一般应将其归在（ ）。 A. 上限所在组 B. 下限所在组 C. 任意一组均可 D. 另设新组 15. 我国1949年末总人口为54167万人，1994年末总人口为119850万人，1940—1994年人口年平均增长（ ） A. 1.87% B. 1.74% C. 1.82% D. 1.78% 16. 最小二乘法基本要求是（ ） A. 结果标志的估计值同原因标志实际值的离差总和最小 B. 结果标志的估计值同原因标志实际值的离差平方和最小 C. 结果标志的估计值与实际值的离差总和最小 D. 结果标志的估计值与实际值的离差平方和最小 17. 变量x与y之间的负相关是指（ ） A. x数值增大时y也随之增大 B. x数值减少时y也随之减少 C. x数值增大（或减少）y随之减少（或增大） D. y的取值几乎不受x取值的影响 18. 已知某地区1995年粮食产量比1985年增长了1倍，比1990年增长了0.5倍，那么1990年粮食产量比1985年增长了（ ） A. 0.33倍 B. 0.5倍 C. 0.75倍 D. 2倍 19. 当（ ）时，均值只受变量值大小的影响，而与次数无关。 A. 变量值较大而次数较小 B. 变量值较大且次数较大 C. 各变量值出现的次数相同 D. 变量值较小且次数较小 20. 铸件废品率(%)和每一吨铸铁成本(元)之间计算的回归方程为yc=56+8x. 这意味着：（ ） A. 废品率增加一个单位，成本每吨增加64元 B. 废品率增加一个单位，成本每吨增加8% C. 废品率增加一个单位，成本每吨增加8元 D. 废品率增加一个单位，成本每吨增加56元 二、多项选择题（本大题共20分，共 10 小题，每小题 2 分）
1. 指出下列回归方程中哪些肯定是错误的（ ） A. B. C. D. E. 2. 在组距数列中，均值大小不仅受组中值大小的影响，也受权数的影响，因此（ ） A. 当组中值较大且权数较大时，均值接近组中值大的一方 B. 当组中值较小且权数较小时，均值接近组中值小的一方 C. 当组中值较大而权数较小时，均值接近组中值大的一方 D. 当组中值较小而权数较大时，均值接近组中值小的一方 E. 当各组的权数相同时，权数对均值的大小没有影响 3. 从时间数列的观察值出发确定趋势线的类型，若观察值（ ） A. 一次差大体相同可配合直线 B. 一次差大体相同可配合指数曲线 C. 二次差大体相同可配合二次曲线 D. 对数的二次差大体相同可配合二次曲线 E. 对数的一次差大体相同可配合指数曲线 4. 时间数列的可比性原则主要是指（ ）。 A. 时间长度要一致 B. 经济内容要一致 C. 计算方法要一致 D. 总体范围要一致 E. 计算价格和单位要一致 5. 在对两组数据进行差异程度比较时，不能直接比较两组数据的方差，因为两组数据的（ ） A. 均值不同 B. 均方差不同 C. 数据个数不同 D. 计量单位不同 E. 离差之和不同 6. 在一元线性回归分析中（ ） A. 回归方程是根据最小二乘法确定的 B. 判定系数r2测度了回归直线的拟合程度 C. 估计标准误差Sy测度了实际观测点在直线周围的散布程度 D. 线性关系的检验是检验自变量与因变量之间的线性关系是否显著 E. 回归系数的检验是检验自变量对因变量的影响是否显著 7. 置信水平（1－α）是（ ） A. 置信区间估计正确的概率 B. 置信区间估计错误的概率 C. 保证置信区间包含总体参数的概率 D. 保证总体参数落入置信区间的概率 E. 表达区间估计可靠性的概率 8. 指出下面的数列哪些属于时点数列。（ ） A. 某种股票周一至周五各天的 收盘价 B. 某工厂各月份的利润额 C. 某地区1990—1995年年末固定资产净值 D. 某商店各月末的商品库存额 E. 某企业1990—1996年年末固定资产净值
9. 平均差的计算公式为（ ） A. B. C. D. E. 10. 环比发展速度与定基发展速度之间的数量关系是（ ） A. 观察期内各环比发展速度之和等于总的定基发展速度 B. 观察期内各环比发展速度的连乘积等于总的定基发展速度 C. 两个相邻的定基发展速度用后者除以前者等于相应的环比发展速度 D. 两个相邻的定基发展速度的连乘积等于相应的环比发展速度 E. 观察其内各环比发展速度之比等于总的定基发展速度 三、名词解释题（本大题共10分，共 2 小题，每小题 5 分） 1. 统计指标 2. 众数
四、计算题（本大题共50分，共 5 小题，每小题 10 分） 1. 某产品专卖店 2004-2006 年各季的销售额资料如下（单位：万元）：
要求： （1） 采用按季平均法和移动平均趋势剔除法计算季节指数； （2） 求 2006 年无季节变动情况下的销售额。 2. 某地区 1991-1995 年粮食产量资料如下：
试按最小二乘法配合粮食产量的直线趋势方程，并预测 1997 年的粮食产量 3. 对某市百货商店进行抽样调查， 10 家被抽查百货商店的商品流传费用率和利用率指标如下表： 要求： （1）计算利润率与商品流转费用率之间的简单相关系数，说明二者之间的关系形态； （2）拟合利润率对商品流转费用率的回归直线，并解释回归系数的实际意义。 4. 某班40名学生统计学考试成绩分别为:
学校规定：60分以下为不及格，60─69分为及格，70─79分为中，80─89分为良，90─100分为优。要求： (1)将该班学生分为不及格、及格、中、良、优五组，编制一张频数分配表（6分） (2)指出分组标志及类型；分组方法的类型;分析本班学生考试情况。（6分） (3)做出分布直方图(6分) 5. 设有甲、乙两个工人班组，每作业组有8名工人，每个工人日产量（件）记录如下： 甲作业组： 55，68，78，80，95，120，70，110 乙作业组： 68，70，75，80，71， 74，73， 72。 （1）计算各组的日均产量、全距、平均差、标准差、标准差系数（或离散系数）。 （2）在上述各指标下比较两组的平均日产量的代表性。
答案： 一、单项选择题（20分，共 20 题，每小题 1 分） 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. C
二、多项选择题（20分，共 10 题，每小题 2 分） 1. DE 2. ADE 3. ACE 4. ABCDE 5. AD 6. ABCDE 7. ACE 8. ADE 9. BD 10. BC
三、名词解释题（10分，共 2 题，每小题 5 分） 1. 参考答案：