COUNTER标准和SUSHI协议
linux进程调度原理
进程调度依据调度程序运行时，要在所有可运行状态的进程中选择最值得运行的进程投入运行。
选择进程的依据是什么呢？在每个进程的task_struct结构中有以下四项：policy、priority、counter、rt_priority。
这四项是选择进程的依据。
其中，policy是进程的调度策略，用来区分实时进程和普通进程，实时进程优先于普通进程运行；priority是进程(包括实时和普通)的静态优先级；counter是进程剩余的时间片，它的起始值就是priority的值；由于counter在后面计算一个处于可运行状态的进程值得运行的程度goodness时起重要作用，因此，counter也可以看作是进程的动态优先级。
rt_priority是实时进程特有的，用于实时进程间的选择。
Linux用函数goodness()来衡量一个处于可运行状态的进程值得运行的程度。
该函数综合了以上提到的四项，还结合了一些其他的因素，给每个处于可运行状态的进程赋予一个权值(weight)，调度程序以这个权值作为选择进程的唯一依据。
关于goodness()的情况在后面将会详细分析。
进程调度策略调度程序运行时,要在所有处于可运行状态的进程之中选择最值得运行的进程投入运行。
选择进程的依据是什么呢?在每个进程的task_struct 结构中有这么四项：policy, priority , counter, rt_priority这四项就是调度程序选择进程的依据.其中,policy是进程的调度策略,用来区分两种进程-实时和普通；priority是进程(实时和普通)的优先级；counter 是进程剩余的时间片,它的大小完全由priority决定;rt_priority是实时优先级,这是实时进程所特有的，用于实时进程间的选择。
首先，Linux 根据policy从整体上区分实时进程和普通进程，因为实时进程和普通进程度调度是不同的，它们两者之间，实时进程应该先于普通进程而运行，然后，对于同一类型的不同进程，采用不同的标准来选择进程：对于普通进程，Linux采用动态优先调度，选择进程的依据就是进程counter的大小。
计算字符串中出现次数最多的单词(Python)
计算字符串中出现次数最多的单词（Python）可以使用Python中的Counter模块来计算字符串中出现次数最多的单词。
Counter是一个字典的子类，用于计数可哈希对象。
使用方法如下：1.导入Counter模块：`from collections import Counter`2.定义字符串：`str = "This is a sample string"`3.将字符串拆分为单词列表：`words = str.split()`4.使用Counter计数：`word_count = Counter(words)`5.获取出现次数最多的单词：`most_common_word =word_count.most_common(1)[0]`6.打印出现次数最多的单词：`print(most_common_word[0])`双语例句：1. I love to eat pizza and burgers, but pizza is my most favorite.我喜欢吃比萨和汉堡，但比萨是我最喜欢的。
2. She often goes for a run in the morning and does yoga in the evening.她经常早上去跑步，晚上做瑜伽。
3. The film received the most awards at the Oscars this year.这部电影今年在奥斯卡上获得了最多的奖项。
4. He spends most of his free time playing video games.他把大部分空闲时间都花在玩电子游戏上。
5. The city's most famous landmark is the Eiffel Tower.这座城市最著名的地标是埃菲尔铁塔。
6. They attended the concert together and had the most amazing time.他们一起参加了音乐会，度过了最美妙的时光。
图书馆数字资源统计系统建设研究
国内针对数字资源统计的研究起步较晚,近年来
图书分析系统,中国科技大学、上海外国语大学、华南
也出台了一些标准规范,代表性的有教育部高校图工
是采用旁路监听的分析模式,在不改变用户资源访问
字资源计量指南》 [16] 、中科院国家科学图书馆负责制
师范大学部署了复旦华光 ERU。 RGS1800 和 ERU 都
COUNTER 使用统计数据研发的电子资源使用统计平
台 USSER
[10]
用于收集分析经 SUSHI 收割的使用数
高,但 中 文 数 据 库 商 对 COUNTER 的 支 持 度 并 不
统计平台也无法适用于中文数据库。 中国知网遵循
COUNTER 标准提供统计数据,其他中文数据库采用
或参考的标准协议也有较大差异。 国内外数字资源
计系统是图书馆掌握数字资源使用情况、评估数字资
(3) 下 载 量: 全 文 或 描 述 性 内 容 成 功 请 求 的 次
浏览数量之和,对于多媒体、平台类数据库指在线浏
览内容资源量。 对于 30 s 内的重复下载行为仅记录
一次,不重复计数。
(4) 检索量:用户对资源内容进行检索的次数。
一次完整、标准的检索行为应包括用户输入检索条
他类型组织机构制定图书馆与信息服务机构统计指
标 NISO Z39. 7;由英国图书馆界、出版界和中间商共
同发 起 的 网 络 电 子 资 源 在 线 使 用 统 计 标 准
COUNTER。 这些标准中 COUNTER 是目前影响力最
大,也是使用最为广泛的,其优势在于明确要求内容
提供商需满足规范性要求,使图书馆能够获得一致、
件、数据库服务器根据检索请求返回检索结果。
图书馆电子资源建设内容
图书馆电子资源建设内容图书馆的电子资源是高等学校教学、科研的重要组成部分，同时也是目前高校图书馆服务工作中的重要内容之一。
电子资源的简单表述就是图书馆利用计算机和网络技术能够为读者提供的信息资源。
其中包括了电子期刊、电子图书、光盘数据库、联机数据库、网络数据库以及Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ信息资源等多种形式。
高校图书馆如何加强电子资源建设和利用，为教学、科研提供良好的电子资源环境，开阔师生的视野、拓宽创新思路将是图书馆面临的一个新课题。
１电子资源及其特点所谓电子信息资源是指数字信息资源，即通过计算机等以数字信号（也称二进制信号）来传递使用的信息资源。
电子信息资源概括地讲有３种类型：国际互联网资源、电子出版物、各馆自建的数据库。
国际互联网资源因其开放性，资源非常丰富；电子出版物常见的有全文数据库、电子期刊、电子图书、电子报纸、软件等；各馆自建的数据库是图书馆根据读者需求，利用馆藏文献而建立的数据库，如馆藏书目数据库、学位论文数据库、地方文献数据库等。
电子信息资源与传统印刷型信息资源相比，具有以下特点：一是易获取性。
电子信息资源不受时空限制，读者在任何时间、任何地点均可借助网络获取信息资源。
二是资源共享性。
传统文献如一本书或一本刊物，同一时刻只能供一个读者使用，但电子资源在同一时刻可供多个读者同时使用，解决了读者多、复本少之间的矛盾。
三是资源更新速度快。
电子信息资源没有印刷型文献的印刷、装订、运输等繁冗环节，更新周期短、传递快捷。
四是资源的表现形式多样。
电子信息资源可通过多媒体技术，将文字、图像、声音、动态等组合为一体，给读者提供丰富多彩、形象逼真，能闻其声、见其形的信息。
五是检索功能强大、便于利用。
利用强大的检索软件，可实现跨库检索，不同类型的信息库一次检索完成。
２电子资源在高校中的作用电子资源在短短的几年内，由于它的方便、快捷及多样的特点很快获得高校广大师生的青睐，它在高校的教学、科研等活动中发挥了重要作用。
SUSHI网络电子资源利用与统计数据获取协议
SUSHI网络电子资源利用与统计数据获取协议随着数字化时代的到来，电子资源在学术界的重要性与日俱增。
为了更好地管理和利用这些电子资源，学术界引入了SUSHI网络电子资源利用与统计数据获取协议。
本文将介绍SUSHI协议的背景、原理、实施步骤以及对学术界的影响。
一、背景数字化时代带来了电子资源的快速发展，如期刊、论文数据库、电子书等。
然而，对于这些资源的利用与管理一直是个难题。
传统的统计方法不再适用于电子资源的统计和评估，而需要一种新的方法来获取资源的使用情况，从而更好地进行资金分配和资源管理。
于是，SUSHI网络电子资源利用与统计数据获取协议应运而生。
SUSHI（Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative）是由国际图书馆协会（ICOLC）和国际出版社协会（PAC）共同发起的，旨在制定一种标准的统计数据收集方式，以便学术界准确地了解电子资源的利用情况。
二、原理SUSHI协议的原理是基于网络服务的客户端-服务器模型。
该协议规定了一种统一的格式，使得图书馆、出版商等能够通过网络服务获取到电子资源的统计数据。
协议要求资源提供商必须提供符合SUSHI 协议要求的接口，供客户端进行数据获取。
具体而言，SUSHI协议通过定义一系列的API接口来实现数据的获取，其中包括请求数据、返回数据以及错误处理等。
用户可以通过发送请求来获取特定时间段内的电子资源使用数据，而出版商则通过接收请求并返回相应数据来实现资源的统计。
三、实施步骤1. 协议确认：图书馆与出版商达成协议，确认双方将采用SUSHI 协议进行电子资源的统计和数据获取。
2. 接口配置：出版商需要配置符合SUSHI协议要求的接口，以便向图书馆提供统计数据。
3. 数据请求：图书馆通过发送请求获取所需的统计数据，请求中需包含请求时间段、数据类型等信息。
4. 数据返回：出版商接收到图书馆的请求后，根据请求信息进行数据的统计与整理，并返回相应的数据。
优化相关counter介绍
MO Counter名称介绍E1PhysPathTerm pmEs查看ATM也就是E1传输的误码情况E1PhysPathTerm pmSes查看ATM也就是E1传输的严重误码情况E1PhysPathTerm pmUas查看ATM也就是E1传输的断开时间EthernetSwitchPort pmIfInDiscards 由于传输资源原因，导致接受到的可用数据包被丢弃的数量EthernetSwitchPort pmIfInErrors由于接收到的数据包存在误码导致被丢弃的数量EthernetSwitchPort pmIfOutDiscards 由于传输资源原因，导致发送的可用数据包被丢弃的数量EthernetSwitchPort pmIfOutErrors由于发送的数据包存在误码导致被丢弃的数量IubDataStreams pmHsDataFramesLostSpi03HS数据帧丢失的次数IubDataStreams pmCapAllocIubHsLimitingRatioSpi0iub/iur传输带宽受限百分比IubDataStreams pmHsDataFrameDelayIubSpi03指示了传输时延的分布情况备注正常状态时每条传输都应该为0，如果有误码请根据实际情况及时进行处理。
该counter目前未发现有值，具体什么原因会导致尚不明。
一般情况都为0若传输断开1s则此counter就+1，代表传输存在闪断的情况，若此counter为3600,则代表改条传输已经断了，需要传输部门进行处理。
该counter目前未发现有值，具体什么原因会导致尚不明。
一般情况都为0可以用来查看IP传输存在的误码情况，正常情况下为0，不为0时建议根据实际情况进行处理。
该counter目前未发现有值，具体什么原因会导致尚不明。
一般情况都为0可以用来查看IP传输存在的误码情况，正常情况下为0，不为0时建议进行处理。
可以结合pmHsDataFramesReceivedSpi03进行计算，统计出丢帧率，如果丢帧率过高（长时间高于5%），则需要检查传输是否存在问题，例如：带宽不足、丢包、误码等问题。
USS协议
c) USS 通讯程序包括通讯端口初始化子程序、 BCC 校验码计算子程序、数 据发送子程序、数据接收子程序、通讯超时响应子程序、通讯流程控制子 程序等。可采用中断响应的方式，也可用查询相应标志位的方式来实现。
较大，可采用屏蔽双绞线。 3. 在采用屏蔽双绞线作为通讯电缆时，把具有不同电位参考点的设备互连会在互连电
缆中产生不应有的电流，从而造成通讯口的损坏。要确保通讯电缆连接的所有设备， 或是共用一个公共电路参考点，或是相互隔离的，以防止不应有的电流产生。屏蔽 线必须连接到机箱接地点或 9 针连接的插针 1。建议将传动装置上的 0V 端子连接 到机箱接地点 4. 尽量采用较高的波特率，通讯速率只与通讯距离有关，与干扰没有直接关系。 5. 终端电阻的作用是用来防止信号反射的，并不用来抗干扰。如果在通讯距离很近， 波特率较低或点对点的通讯的情况下，可不用终端电阻。多点通讯的情况下，一般 也只需在 USS 主站上加终端电阻就可以取得较好的通讯效果。 6. 当使用交流型的 CPU22X 和单相变频器进行 USS 通讯时，CPU22X 和变频器的电 源必须接成同相位的。 7. 建议使用 CPU226(或 CPU224+EM277)来调试 USS 通讯程序。 8. 不要带电插拔 USS 通讯电缆，尤其是正在通讯过程中，这样极易损坏传动装置和 PLC 的通讯端口。如果使用大功传动装置，即使传动装置掉电后，也要等几分钟， 让电容放电后，再去插拔通讯电缆。
USS 协议应用基本概念
USS 协议应用基本概念
欧几里得项目(Project Euclid)概述
Euclid（欧几里得）数据库介绍欧几里得项目（Project Euclid）欧几里得项目是一个非营利性在线出版平台，它提供读者能够负担得起查阅的理论数学和统计学方面的具有高影响力并经同行评议的期刊、专著、会议文献，旨在促进这些专业领域的学术交流。
欧几里得项目在出版商和各国图书馆之间建立了互惠互利的伙伴关系，从而加强和鼓励学术交流，开创了非传统的出版模式。
由康奈尔大学图书馆（Cornell University Library）和杜克大学出版社（Duke University Press）共同管理的欧几里得项目，不断增添新内容，努力创建新功能，致力于在全球范围内建造一种崭新的期刊合作关系。
欧几里得项目创办于2000年，得到了安德鲁梅隆基金会（Andrew W. Mellon Foundation）的大力支持。
康奈尔大学图书馆于8年前推出了网站。
目前，欧几里得项目包含美国、日本, 欧洲，巴西，伊朗等国家出版的期刊，共48种可供用户订购。
其中29 种期刊被SCI收录，这些期刊收录年限为各刊创刊号至今，最早可追溯至1935年。
文章多达十万三千篇以上，已成为数学家和统计学人员的重要资料来源。
欧几里得数据库：∙无限制检索欧几里得数据库的全部期刊，访问文章目录和摘要。
∙可检索的PDF格式文章：可对两个数据库进行全文检索和灵活的关键字检索。
∙在可能的情况下，每篇文章均连接到MathSciNet（数学评论网络数据库）和Zentralblatt MATH（数学文摘网络数据库）。
∙提供支持COUNTER 3和SUSHI格式的使用量统计数据。
∙有文章的参考资料的链接，在可能的情况下有全文的链接。
∙提供图书馆订购管理工具：o管理欧几里得项目的当前订购数据o标识单个订户的联系信息o保存互联网协议（IP）地址o允许订户查看和下载使用量统计数据数据库的访问和可用性在试用期间，CALIS成员能够7×24访问期刊文章的全文。
日本寿司介绍（IntroductiontoJapanesesushi）
日本寿司介绍（Introduction to Japanese sushi）Introduction to Japanese sushiAbout the name, shape and taste of sushi.Sushi is the tuna or small slice etc.bonito cut into bite to eat, and then put it in my hand Steamed Rice group...... Now we mention sushi, will think of the time put fresh fish like vinegar Steamed Rice group on seafood, with a soy sauce and mustard to eat green food. In fact, there are many kinds of sushi in Japan, most of which are quite different from the sushi in the shape.For example: Mie, Ise area has been called "hand pinch sushi" home meal. The sushi is cut into small pieces of tuna and then mixed with seaweed and vinegar rice. This is not what the specific shape of the sushi, also need not hand grip Steamed Rice rice rice and vegetable roll. We usually say "sushi" means "sushi"". In fact, there are many different kinds of sushi besides sushi. But let's talk about sushi first. Traced grip sushi, surprisingly, its history is not long, the delay in the Edo period (1673 to 1680) from treasure (here to mention that strictly speaking Jomon Niecheng omnivorous is also the origin of sushi), Kyoto doctor Matsumoto Fu all good seafood use vinegar to soak overnight, and then Steamed Rice stronlgy eat. It can be said that this was a new attempt to preserve food at that time. After one hundred and fifty years after that, living in the city of Edo, a man named Chinese house yohee man Yu Wenzheng six years (1823) simplified approach and eat sushi, the Steamed Rice and the use of vinegar seafood stronlgy, named it "Hama Zushi", the public sale. This is the prototype oftoday's sushi, which has long been the final word. In Tokyo and many places in the suburbs, you can see a Japanese restaurant chain with "Hua Fang and Wei Wei". Its name comes from this. That is to say, now in the Japanese restaurant in the most representative of the food - grip sushi is not a long history of only more than 150 years. (before that, sushi did not refer to this "sushi", but "pickled sushi")Next, talk about wasabi. Sushi is originally a kind of tendency to sweet food, so wasabi served with sushi rice and vegetable roll history is also very shallow. The idea was to preserve the freshness of sushi materials by using the spice of mustard. As for sushi materials, there is no long-term historical origin from today's common sense. At the time of his arrival, only fish with white flesh were used as materials. It is said that the use of red tuna for sushi, began in the late Edo shogunate period (1854 to 1859) anzheng. With the fat part of the tuna sushi began in the Taisho Era; after entering the Showa era, sea urchin and salmon roe also became popular materials for sushi. Sushi's "Shou" word was originally "vinegar", and the pronunciation of Japanese was "Su"". Also, the original sushi is written "Yi (Su Shi), means the use of vinegar fish. The original real sushi is mainly by "clupanodompunchtatus" and "white fish" and other materials. Now, sushi has become synonymous with high food, but at first, sushi was a snack on the stand, or a Japanese fast food". Even now the sushi shop's kitchen and dining room are not separated, and sushi chefs are standing in front of the counter and holding sushi with their hands. Some sushi ornaments like eaves look over the counter, retains the legacy of Edo sushi stalls. You don't have to go to a sushi bar to eat sushi. People in the store can be ordered to eat sushi at home.At this point, you can see that there are greenery decorations in sushi utensils or sushi boxes. I used to think of it as a decoration only. But through this search, I knew it was a sushi shop that made it easy for the delivery man to know where the sushi should be sent. In Edo, there were not many literate people. It was a difficult thing to write where it was sent. With green leaves cut into the other side of the appearance of the family can be seen at a glance.In addition to grip sushi, and sushi "rolled up", which refers to "seaweed roll". But the "dried gourd rolls" which boil the dried, dried strips of rose have been in existence since edo. After the Meiji era, there was an "iron fire roll" which rolled the red fish of tuna". Why is it called "iron fire roll"? In Japan, gambling and gamblers were called "iron fires."". The reason for the name of "iron rolls" seems to be that people eat this sushi as a snack while gambling. It's quite like the British legend about the name of the sandwich It seems that after entering the Showa era, began to eat sushi all kinds of rules. This is a gradual formation among people who call themselves "gourmet". But looking back at the origin of sushi, you can see that sushi was originally made as a convenient food. Therefore, the "certificate" too much too small it may seem tedious. Two, from food preservation to fresh food "sushi" is in fact there are many, as the sushi shop, some written Zha, some written in yi. The Japanese pronunciation of "sushi" is (Su, Shi), an adjective from the Japanese saying "sour" (Su Shi)". It is not sure whether the Chinese character added to this pronunciation or the food that comes with Chinese characters from China to Japan has such a name because of its sour taste. "Zha" and the word "Yi" in Chinese, originally alsohas such meaning. Now in Japan, the word "sushi" commonly used as "onomatopoeia" in Chinese does not mean anything. The use of the two words seems to have entered nineteenth Century. The first year of the Edo period kaei (1848) published "the grass" jiufan Edo guide introduced at Edo (Tokyo) ninety-five sushi, "sushi" for the name of the only two, the majority are using the word "Yi". "Zha" word meaning Chinese and Japanese, refers to the use of salt and sprinkle the salted fish. No Steamed Rice in the historical data can confirm the earliest form of sushi "Zha". Put the fish together with salt and lees, not to eat it, but to preserve it. In fact, Steamed Rice is added after so many years later. And adding rice is also for preservation, because rice can promote fermentation, improve corrosion resistance. That is to say, sushi was not "food with rice or vegetables", but a way to preserve fish. "Rice is a medium for this purpose."". The main purpose is to save the Zha called "the sushi" is different from "hand grip sushi". Shiga has a staple called Fu yi". In Japan, people will think of the mention of fermented food "natto" and "first," Yi "due to the long fermentation its pungent smell than natto. The crucian carp and Steamed Rice together in a barrel, the lactic acid bacteria Steamed Rice make fish natural fermentation, so as to achieve the purpose of preservation. The fermentation time ranges from six months to three years. Since the main purpose is to preserve food, various measures have been taken to prevent decay. Not just waiting for natural fermentation, sometimes vinegar, or pressing into various shapes, these methods are becoming a common method. I think it's not difficult to understand this point. Now we will associate with fresh sushi mentioned as the characteristics of the "hand grip sushi" but if you go to the local town rarely see a hand clenched up Steamed Rice group, most of them are thewooden mold on the box type Steamed Rice sushi or cylindrical in pressure, and then use the a good knife, this is called "molded sushi". The history of this sushi is longer than hand sushi. As can be seen from the above, Japan was very short of food in the past, and it was not easy to get fresh animal protein. In China, there was no need to make sushi in the past, and Japanese sushi became a typical food. This is not difficult to understand. Vinegar also has a function of removing the fishy smell of fish. In order to remove the smell, in the county of Nara wrapped up useful magnolia leaves or persimmon leaves Steamed Rice group called "magnolia leaves Yi" and "Yi persimmon".Toyama County, the famous "trout is wrapped with Yi" white mountain bamboo leaves, because this leaves fishy effect except strong. The sushi that can be kept for a long time is the most suitable lunch box. One of the joys of traveling by tram is a taste of "station convenience", including a variety of sushi bento. Here, it is difficult to introduce all kinds of sushi in the country. However, several typical and rare sushi may be introduced. Joe Yi "(Yamagata): This is the county Tian local hometown flavor wine, dry and salty salmon roe roe green as the center with the dishes, and then add a lot of Steamed Rice and wine fermentation. Finally, into a porridge like, so it cannot be used with a spoon to eat, only eat, this is a very special kind of sushi. "Yi" (Wakayama county): general use of mackerel, sometimes with Ayu fish etc.. Now, it is a special kind of practice, not only to put salt and vinegar Steamed Rice together natural fermentation, can be said that this is the prototype for a while. This and the above mentioned Shiga, "" Yi "in common. Sprinkle salt on Steamed Rice, hand pinch to sticky, and thensalted fish together with wrapped persimmon, pressed on the heavy stones, fermented for about half a month. "Wine Yi" (Kagoshima county): added with a small amount of wine in the Steamed Rice boiled, then put the fish and shellfish, bamboo shoots, carrot, burdock and mountain vegetables on the Steamed Rice stack into five layers, then the above heavy stones down. The above talks about the history and the original shape of sushi, but for the rest of us today, "sushi" is the most cordial, and it is the most delicious food for the japanese. Recently, many sushi shops run "rotary sushi", which is cheap and very casual. From Sushi's point of view, you can save people's expenses, buy a lot of materials, is a small profit and quick turnover method of operation, now in Hongkong, Taiwan and the United States and other places are very popular. "Rotary sushi" can be said to be fast sushi, without special knowledge and eating. "Hand sushi" is also a simple fast food, there is no trouble eating and taboo. This is indeed the case. After that, however, people were more interested in "sushi", the freshness of the fish, and sushi became a high grade food. The customers and chefs of the sushi restaurant had a special meaning for sushi. Therefore, we do not need to rigidly adhere to the "do not according to the rules, but as a dramatic and knowledge about what is very interesting, in the end of this paper used some of the so-called" sushi "" no reason ". (unreasonable rules) "sushi Tong" said: "fried eggs, sushi and Anako Zushi taste most representative of the sushi shop's level.". Because sushi shops rarely use this hot stuff to make sushi, they reflect the skills of a chef. But sushi is good or bad, depending on the freshness of the material. "Sushi" said: should eat fish and eat white fish, finally as snacks Fried Eggs sushi is the correct order. But, in fact, you don't have to be bound by that kind of thing.Just eat as you like! If you eat sushi with chopsticks to eat sushi standard, to pick up the whole horizontal sushi about; if the hand you use the thumb and middle finger grip sushi ends, the index finger according to the above, and should be a bite of sushi. In addition, the Japanese sushi is not dipped in mustard, because sushi has been added mustard, just dip in some soy sauce, savor the original flavor of sushi.。
去日本吃寿司英语作文
去日本吃寿司英语作文Visiting Japan to Eat SushiJapan is a remarkable country known for its rich cultural heritage diverse landscapes and delectable cuisine One of the most iconic and beloved Japanese dishes is sushi a culinary art form that has captivated taste buds around the world As an avid foodie I have long dreamed of embarking on a gastronomic adventure to Japan to immerse myself in the authentic sushi experience From the bustling fish markets of Tokyo to the serene seaside towns renowned for their exceptional seafood I am eager to explore the country's sushi traditions and discover the true essence of this beloved delicacyMy journey would begin in Tokyo the vibrant capital city that serves as the epicenter of Japan's sushi culture No visit to Tokyo would be complete without a trip to the famous Tsukiji Fish Market the largest wholesale fish and seafood market in the world This bustling marketplace is a sensory overload with the sounds of auctioneers the smell of freshly caught tuna and the sight of skilled sushi chefs meticulously preparing their creations I would arrive at the crack ofdawn to witness the lively tuna auction where buyers from around the world compete for the finest cuts of this revered fish After browsing the market stalls and sampling some of the market's renowned sushi I would head to one of the nearby sushi restaurants to indulge in a true omakase experienceOmakase is a traditional Japanese dining style where the chef selects and prepares a series of seasonal dishes based on the freshest ingredients available that day I would sit at the sushi counter mesmerized as the chef skillfully slices the fish with his razor-sharp knife delicately assembles each piece of sushi and presents it to me with reverence Each bite would be a revelation a symphony of flavors and textures that transport me to a higher plane of culinary bliss The freshness of the fish the perfect balance of rice and nori the subtle interplay of sauces and garnishes every element would be meticulously crafted to deliver a transcendent sushi experienceBeyond Tokyo I would venture to other renowned sushi destinations across Japan In the seaside town of Tsuwano I would seek out a small family-owned sushi restaurant where the chefs have honed their craft over generations using locally sourced seafood I imagine sitting at the counter watching the chefs deftly prepare each piece of sushi feeling a deep connection to the centuries-old traditions that have been passed down through the generations In the historic city of Kanazawa I would visit the renowned Omicho Market a bustlinghub of local produce and seafood where I would hand-select the freshest ingredients to create my own sushi masterpieces under the guidance of a skilled sushi chefNo sushi journey would be complete without exploring the diverse regional variations that have emerged across Japan In Kyoto I would savor the delicate flavors of Edo-mae style sushi with its emphasis on the natural sweetness of the seafood In Okinawa I would indulge in Okinawa-style sushi which often features unique local ingredients such as goya a bitter melon and rafute a slow-braised pork belly In Hokkaido I would delight in the rich and creamy uni sea urchin sushi that the region is renowned for Each destination would offer a new perspective on this beloved culinary art form expanding my understanding and appreciation for the nuances of sushiThroughout my travels I would not only savor the sushi but also immerse myself in the cultural traditions that shape this iconic cuisine I would visit historic sushi restaurants that have been serving discerning patrons for centuries learning about the evolution of sushi techniques and the reverence for seasonality and sustainability that underpins the Japanese culinary philosophy I would attend sushi making workshops to hone my own skills gaining a deeper appreciation for the precision and artistry required to create the perfect piece of sushi And I would engage with sushi chefs passionate custodians of this centuries-old tradition learning aboutthe meticulous sourcing of ingredients the rigorous training required to master the craft and the profound connection between sushi and Japanese cultural identityUltimately my journey to Japan to explore the world of sushi would be a transformative experience one that would not only satisfy my palate but also nourish my soul As I savor each bite of expertly crafted sushi I would be transported to a realm where food transcends mere sustenance and becomes a profound expression of artistry culture and tradition I would return home with a deepened appreciation for the complexities of sushi a renewed commitment to sustainable seafood practices and an insatiable craving to continue my culinary odyssey through the rich and diverse gastronomic landscape of Japan。
关于寿司的英语作文
关于寿司的英语作文Title: The Art and Tradition of Sushi。
Sushi, a quintessential Japanese dish, has captured the hearts and taste buds of people worldwide. Its history, craftsmanship, and cultural significance make it more than just a meal; it's an experience that transcends borders. In this essay, we delve into the art and tradition of sushi.To understand sushi fully, one must appreciate its origins. The roots of sushi can be traced back to ancient Southeast Asia, where people preserved fish in fermented rice. Over time, this preservation method evolved, leading to the creation of what we now recognize as sushi. However, it wasn't until the Edo period in Japan that sushi began to resemble its modern form. During this time, street vendors sold nigiri sushi, consisting of vinegared rice topped with fresh fish.One of the defining features of sushi is its emphasison freshness and quality ingredients. From the selection of fish to the preparation of rice, every step requires precision and skill. Fishermen carefully catch the freshest seafood, while sushi chefs master the art of knife work to ensure each slice is perfect. The rice, seasoned with vinegar, sugar, and salt, serves as the foundation, binding the flavors together in harmony.Moreover, sushi is not just about taste but also presentation. Traditional sushi chefs take great pride in arranging each piece with meticulous detail, creating an aesthetic masterpiece on the plate. The colors, textures, and shapes of the ingredients are thoughtfully combined to please both the eye and the palate.Beyond its culinary excellence, sushi embodies cultural values and customs. In Japan, eating sushi is not merely a meal but a social event steeped in tradition. It is customary to sit at the counter, where patrons can interact with the chef and witness the preparation process firsthand. This intimate dining experience fosters a sense of connection between the diner, the chef, and the food.Furthermore, sushi etiquette plays a significant role in Japanese dining culture. For example, it is considered polite to eat sushi with your hands rather than chopsticks, as the warmth of your palms enhances the flavors. Additionally, dipping sushi rice-side down in soy sauce is preferred to avoid soaking the rice and overpowering its delicate taste.In recent years, sushi has transcended its Japanese origins and become a global phenomenon. Sushi restaurants can now be found in nearly every corner of the world, from bustling metropolises to small towns. However, with this globalization comes adaptation and innovation. Whilepurists may argue for the preservation of traditional techniques, others embrace fusion sushi, incorporating non-traditional ingredients and flavors.Nevertheless, amidst this evolution, the essence of sushi remains unchanged – a celebration of craftsmanship, flavor, and culture. Whether enjoyed in a high-end restaurant or a humble sushi bar, the experience ofsavoring fresh nigiri or delicate maki rolls is unparalleled. Sushi is not just a dish; it is a journeythat transports us to the heart of Japan's culinary heritage.In conclusion, sushi is more than just raw fish and rice; it is a reflection of centuries-old traditions, craftsmanship, and cultural values. Its journey from humble beginnings to global acclaim speaks to its enduring appeal. As we indulge in each bite of sushi, we partake in a culinary tradition that bridges cultures and brings people together in appreciation of its timeless beauty.。
counter介绍
PDCH最小激活数scantype9_24_1 PDCH最大激活数scantype9_24_2 PDCH平均激活数scantype9_24_3NALIPDCH (9,24):每小区最小,最大,平均激活的PDCH数描述这项统计提供小区级最小,最大和平均激活的PDCH数触发事件这项统计保持对每一个PDCH上激活和去激活了解，这个计数器会及时更新成新的最大或最小数值，平均数是在结束后对间隔区间计算出。
统计的触发条件是：PDCH成功分配（收到第一个下行虚拟控制块）释放PDCH（收到Abis口消息RFCHREL）NALIPDCH (9,24): Min, max, mean number of aligned PDCHs per cellDescriptionThis measurement provides the min, max and mean number of aligned (activated)PDCHs per cell.Trigger eventsThe measurement keeps track of the number of aligned PDCHs by each activation/deactivation of a PDCH. The counters are updated whenever a new maximum orminimum value had been detected. The mean value is calculated at the end of the granularity period.The measurement is triggered by the:• Successful alignment of PDCH (first packet downlink dummy control block)• Release of PDCH (internal message causing RFCHREL on Abis)PDCH最小使用数_上行scantype9_25_1 PDCH最大使用数_上行scantype9_25_2 PDCH平均使用数_上行scantype9_25_3 PDCH最小使用数_下行scantype9_25_4 PDCH最大使用数_下行scantype9_25_5 PDCH平均使用数_下行scantype9_25_6NALLPDCH (9,25): （上行/下行）每小区最小,最大,平均使用的PDCH数（PDCH上有TBF激活）描述这项统计提供每小区最小,最大和平均真实使用的PDCH数，“使用的”意思是至少有一个TBF分配在这个PDCH上。
US保障参数(高铁保障)
关
开
否
关
开
否
4
Normal
US
否
2
1
否
US语音
1
降低非受限 非受限语音 DlUsVoIPC 语音用户的 用户下行 qiAdjOptS 误码，提升 CQI调整优 witch 非受限语音 化开关 用户的感知
MOD CELLUSPA RACFG: LocalCellI d=1, UsAlgoSwi tch=DlUs VoIPCqiAd jOptSwitc h-1;
0
0
否
NONE
NONE 按照 tiraceidin dex填写 按照实际 traceid填 写
否
无
否
无
否
OFF
OFF
否
US数据
1
1
否
1
MOD CELLPDCC HALGO: LocalCellI d=0, PdcchAgg LvlCLAdju stSwitch= ON, PdcchBler Target=15 ; MOD CELLUSPA RACFG: LocalCellI d=0, UsAlgoSwi tch=UsPd cchOptSwi tch1,UsDataP dcchSinrO ffset=3;
0
1
否
0
10
否
0
10
否
0
2
否
0
12500
否
0
12500
否
0
1
否
0
1
否
70
5
否
20
1000
否
20Hale Waihona Puke 1000否无
1000
COUNTER 5关键变化及应用展望
*本文系江苏省现代教育技术研究项目“基于行为分析的电子资源利用效能评估系统研究”（项目编号：2017-R-59467）和教育部高教司2017产学合作育人项目“基于日志分析的电子资源利用行为可视化研究”（项目编号：201702098016）研究成果。
COUNTER 5：关键变化及应用展望*陈越，都平平，江艳霞0引言COUNTER(CountingOnlineUsageofNeTworked Electronic Resources)意为联网电子资源在线使用情况统计。
COUNTER Online Metrics 是由图书馆、出版商和数据库商组成的摘要在电子资源利用统计领域具有较大影响的COUNTER 规范发布了第五版，探讨其变化、特征及应用趋势，可为图书馆优化电子资源管理提供借鉴。
文章从体系结构、报告要素及实施维护等方面对规范的新旧版本进行系统对比，解读关键变化及作用；结合新规范的特性，讨论可能的创新应用场景。
新规范具有清晰的体系结构和易于扩展的报告模型，实现了简单性与灵活性的统一。
新规范整合了指标定义并细化用户资源访问行为的统计粒度，增强了用户行为统计的一致性。
新规范的实施可支撑图书馆开展电子资源利用指标验证和用户行为分析研究，推动研究数据集等领域资源利用统计的标准化，可为我国相关标准的制定与维护提供参照。
关键词COUNTER电子资源使用报告行为分析引用本文格式陈越，都平平，江艳霞.COUNTER 5：关键变化及应用展望[J].图书馆论坛，2020，40（1）：132-139.COUNTER 5：Key Changes and Application TrendsCHEN Yue ，DU Pingping ，JIANG YanxiaAbstractThe COUNTER Code of Practice Release 5（R5）has been published.An exploration of the changes ，features and application trends of R5could help libraries improve their electronic resource management.In this paper ，a systematic comparison between R4and R5is made from the following aspects of structure ，reporting elements ，implementation and maintenance ，and an interpretation of key changes and a discussion of innovative application scenarios are followed.It is found out that R5has a clear structure and an easy-to-expand report model that combines simplicity and flexibility.It unifies definitions of metrics ，refines the statistical granularity ofresource access behaviors ，and enhances the consistency of user behavior statistics.The implementation of COUNTER R5could facilitate researches on electronic resource usage metrics test and user behavior analysis ，promote the standardization of electronic resource usage statistics in research data sets and other fields ，andprovide reference for the drafting and maintenance of domestic standards of electronic resource management.Keywords COUNTER ；electronic resources ；usage report ；behavioral analysis132◎2020年第1期◎非盈利标准化组织，负责通过成员间协作制定并维护COUNTER 实施规范[1]。
现行国家信息安全技术标准
GB/T 20279-2015
信息安全技术网络和终端隔离产品安全技术要求
Information security technology-Security technical requirements of network and terminal separation products
32
GB/T 31503-2015
24
GB/T 32927-2016
信息安全技术移动智能终端安全架构
Information security technology—Security architecture of mobile smart terminal
25
GB/T 32925—2016
信息安全技术政府联网计算机终端安全管理基本要求
信息安全技术电子文档加密与签名消息语法
Information security technology—Encryption and signature message syntax for electronic document
33
GB/T 31509—2015
信息安全技术信息安全风险评估实施指南
Information security technology—Guide of implementation for information security risk assessment
23
GB/T 32918.2—2016
信息安全技术SM2椭圆曲线公钥密码算法第2部分：数字签名算法
Information security technology—Public key cryptographic algorithm SM2 based on elliptic curves—Part 2： Digital signature algorithm
LTE_Security（加密保护算法）
LTE_Security（加密保护算法）LTE安全功能目录1概述 (4)1.1参考文献 (4)1.2术语 (4)2加密和完整性保护算法 (6)2.1完整性保护 (6)2.2加密 (7)2.3加密和完整性保护的关系 (9)3算法 (9)3.1算法介绍 (9)3.1.1EEA0、EIA0 (NULL Algorithm) (9)3.1.2128-EEA1 (10)3.1.3128-EEA2 (15)3.1.4128-EIA1 (17)3.1.5128-EIA2 (22)3.1.6EIA3、EEA3（ZUC） (28)3.2算法选择 (37)3.2.1初始安全上下文建立过程： (37)3.2.2X2切换过程中算法选择： (37)3.2.3S1切换过程中的算法选择： (37)4密钥的生成和更新 (38)4.1HMAC-SHA256()算法 (38)4.1.1输入输出 (38)4.1.2HMAC过程 (39)4.1.3SHA-256算法 (41)4.2密钥层次 (44)4.3接入层的密钥生成 (46)4.4接入层的密钥处理机制： (49)5ENB影响分析 (51)5.1流程分析 (51)5.1.1初始业务接入 (51)5.1.2X2切换 (52)5.1.3eNB内切换 (53)5.1.4S1切换 (54)5.1.5RRC重建 (54)5.1.5UE能力改变 (62)5.1.6安全密钥更新 (63)5.1.7E-UTRAN→UTRAN/GERAN的切换 (64)5.1.8UTRAN/G ERAN→E-UTRAN的切换 (65)5.1.9PDCP计数器回卷 (66)5.2性能分析 (66)5.2.5UP (66)6相关协议参数 (68)6.1T S36.331 (68)6.1.1RRCConnectionReconfiguration (68)6.1.2RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest (70) 6.1.3RRCConnectionReestablishment (71)6.1.4SecurityModeCommand (72)6.1.5HandoverPreparationInformation (72)6.1.6MobilityFromEUTRACommand message (74) 6.2T S36.413 (77)6.2.1INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST (77)6.2.2UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST (79) 6.2.3PATH SWITCH REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE (79) 6.2.4HANDOVER REQUEST (80)6.2.5HANDOVER COMMAND (82)6.3T S36.423 (83)6.3.1HANDOVER REQUEST (83)6.4T S36.323 (85)6.4.1PDCP SN (85)6.4.2Data (85)6.4.3MAC-I (85)6.4.4COUNT (85)7汇总 (86)7.1流程 (87)7.1.1SMC流程.............................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
View_Open-中国科学院国家科学图书馆机构知识库
2012年第1期（总第8期）数字图书馆标准规范跟踪扫描主办单位：中国科学院国家科学图书馆2012年2月为传播科学知识，促进业界交流，特编译《标准规范跟踪扫描》，仅供个人学习、研究使用。
目 录【标准规范报道】 (1)1、《XML加密语法与处理》1.1版本 (1)2、基于Java消息服务1.0的简单对象访问协议（SOAP） (3)3、Widget访问请求政策 (5)4、媒体访问用户需求 (6)5、美国国家信息标准协会和开放档案计划接受来自阿尔弗雷德·P·斯隆基金会的关于创建资源同步标准的资助 (8)6、NISO为共享电子资源谅解录更新草稿寻求公众评论 (10)7、NISO SUSHI 协议：COUNTER-SUSHI实施纲要 (11)8、NISO Z39.86-201X, Z39.86创作与交流框架规范 (12)【标准规范推介】 (13)一、RDFa 1.1精简版 (13)二、XHTML+RDFa 1.1 (16)三、PROV本体：模型和形式语义学 (19)【标准规范报道】1、《XML加密语法与处理》1.1版本本文指定了一个加密数据以及以可扩展标记语言（XML）表示的过程。
数据格式可以多种多样，包括八字节数据流及其他非结构化数据，或结构化数据格式（如XML文档、XML元素、XML元素内容等）。
加密数据的结果为一个包含或参照加密数据的XML加密元素。
1.加密概述与实例加密粒度：加密一个XML元素、加密XML元素内容（元素）、加密XML元素内容（字符数据）、加密任意数据以及加密XML文档、超级加密（加密已加密数据）。
EncryptedData与EncryptedKey的用法：（1）使用对称键（键名）的EncryptedData（2）EncryptedKey (ReferenceList, ds:RetrievalMethod, CarriedKeyName)2. 加密语法本节提供了XML加密的语法与特征的详细说明。
制作日式寿司英语作文
制作日式寿司英语作文Title: Writing a Document on Making Japanese SushiJapanese Sushi MakingSushi, a traditional Japanese dish enjoyed worldwide, is not only a culinary delight but also a cultural symbol. The art of sushi making has been perfected over centuries, blending precision, aesthetics, and fresh ingredients. In this document, we delve into the precise steps and techniques involved in creating authentic Japanese sushi.First and foremost, sushi rice, known as "shari," is the heart of any sushi dish. To prepare the perfect shari, Japanese shortgrain rice is rinsed thoroughly to remove excess starch. After cooking, a mixture of rice vinegar, sugar, and salt is gently folded into the rice while fanning to cool it down. The resulting shari should be sticky yet firm, providing the essential base to hold the sushi together.Next, the selection of fresh fish and other ingredients is crucial in sushi making. From fatty tuna (otoro) to sweet shrimp (amaebi), each fish requires expert handling and slicing to bring out its natural flavors. In addition to fish, traditional sushi may also include vegetables, eggs, or other seafood like squid or eel. The art lies in balancing the flavors and textures to create a harmonious bite.The sushi chef, or "itamae," plays a central role in the sushimaking process. With years of training and experience, the itamae expertly crafts each piece of sushi with precision and artistry. Using a sharp knife and skilled hands, the itamae shapes the shari into bitesized morsels, tops them with the chosen ingredients, and presents them beautifully on a plate.Nigiri sushi, perhaps the most wellknown form of sushi, consists of handpressed rice topped with a slice of fish orother ingredients. Each piece is delicately formed by hand, ensuring the perfect balance of rice and topping. Another popular style is maki sushi, where the rice and fillings are rolled in seaweed (nori) and sliced into bitesized pieces. Creative variations like temaki (hand rolls) and chirashi (scattered sushi) offer further diversity in sushi presentations.The dining experience at a traditional sushi restaurant, known as a "sushiya" or "sushi bar," is as much about the ambiance as it is about the food. Customers sit at the counter, interacting with the itamae and observing the meticulous craftof sushi making. The itamae's expertise, combined with the fresh ingredients and serene atmosphere, creates a sensory experience that goes beyond just eating.In conclusion, Japanese sushi making is a blend of culinary skill, cultural tradition, and artistic expression. From the precise preparation of sushi rice to the delicate slicing offresh fish, each step contributes to the creation of a truly authentic dish. Whether enjoyed at a renowned sushiya or crafted at home with care, sushi embodies the spirit of Japanese cuisine—a perfect harmony of flavors, textures, and aesthetics that continues to captivate food enthusiasts worldwide.。
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SUSHI 工作流程
从图中可以看出，当用户希望知道某些电 子 资 源 的 使 用 情 况 时 ， 向 EMR(electronic resource management system) 服务器发出获 取使用报告的请求，服务器在收到用户需求时， 通过 SUSHI 客户端向对应的数据库商发送 SUSHI 请求，主要包括EMR的注册信息、需 求用户的信息以及需要的 COUNTER报告类型。
起初数据库商对于SUSHI协议的响应并不积极，为了推动SUSHI,COUNTER从第三 版强行要求数据库商使用SUSHI
17
SUSHI 工作流程
Байду номын сангаас
SUSHI协议内容
SUSHI 协议文档的内容 SUSHI协议文档包括十个部分，分别是：目的，范围，参考文档，术语定义，
元素参考指南，SUSHI协议正文，报告命名，版本及扩展，八个附录和资料目录。
数据处理
01 02 03
仅“ 成功的、 有效的” 请求会被计量
某由服务器发出的被请求页面包含的记录（图像表单等）被忽略
某所有用户对HTML格式链接的双击仅按1次请计算
双击描述为同一用户在不超过10秒内两次点击鼠标 同一用户对同一PDF文档在30秒内多次请求仅按1次请求计算 在时间限制内的两次请求（HTML格式10秒，PDF格式30秒）仅记录第二个请求
11
COUNTER报告的内容
Counter报告的内容包括：期刊报告、数据库报告和选择性报告。
统计内容包括全文请求成 功的数量和被拒绝的全文请求 数量 (均按月和期刊统计)。全 文是指一篇完整的文章,不仅包 括正文本身,还包括所有的参考 文献、图形、表格 以及与正文 相关的辅助信息。 且 包括 HTML和PDF两种格式。
SUSHI协议 的由来
SUSHI协议的由来
产生背景
COUNTER标准在一定程度上规范了数据库商向用户提供数据格式、内容、术语等，使各数 据库的使用具有可比性，为图书馆科学决策提供依据
但是随着网络电子资源和数据库日益增多，COUNTER规范也存在局限性，因为并不是所有 的数据库商提供的数据都符合COUNTER标准，存在很多格式不一致问题，以及图书馆需要 登录各数据库下载使用数据费时费力等问题
因此迫切需要一个统一的数据统计平台或协议 SUSHI就是在这种需求下产生的
16
SUSHI协议的由来
SUSHI协议：由美国国家信息标准协（NISO）会发起，在2017年11月被美国国家 标准协会（ANSI）正式批准为ANSI Z39.39 目的：是为了解决图书馆员从数据库商那里手工获取和管理使用统计数据的问题，促 使统计数据格式一致性，实现获取数据自动化
4月 548768 47309 7618 5521 4360 1651848 8894 9403
3253
8354
4277
5月 40069 85713 6868 5581 4618 1572916 8677 10532
3282
8767
3660
6月 19854 91638 8486 4826 4605 1401026 9006 9903
SUSHI协议的基本框架
从表中可以看出，report request主要解决哪个电子资源管理系统 (electronic resource management，EＲM)请求报告、这个报告为哪个客户提供、 需要提供何种格式的报告等 3 个问题，而 report response 则是在前 3 个问题 的基础上，按要求提供 COUNTEＲ 格式统计报告，供 EMＲ 服务器分析和处理。
位于数据库商端的 SUSHI 服务器收到请 求后，按照请求的数据格式从数据库系统中生 成对应的统计数据，并加载到请求的 XML 中 发送回客户端，客户端以COUNTR格式提交给 EMR系统，系统处理完成后将用户需要的统计 数据以各种格式反馈给用户。
SUSHI工作流程
图书馆
ERM 发出请求
COUNTER
7
COUNTER 核心内容
COUNTER核心内容
术语定义
使用报告
数据处理
明确了 COUNTER 中所涉及的概念, 这 样就使报告的提供方 和使用方都有据可依。 （共计60个术语）
使用报告分别描述 了期刊及数据库使 用报告的Excel格式 和传递方式
描述了 COUNTER 对数据收集和处理的 标准。COUNTER仅 对有意识的访问使用 数据进行记录
SUSHI工作流程
SUSHI通过COUNTER和ERMS（电子资源管理系统）协同通过完成目标
COUNTER统计报告
对数据库、电子期刊、参考文献的统计格式进行了规范，解决了统计数据的标准和格式的一 致性问题
SUSHI协议
规范了数据获取和管理方式，解决了规范格式后的统计报告自动获取问题
两者与ERM系统相结合可以为用户提供可靠的、可比较的、规范化的、可自 动获取的使用统计报告
13
COUNTER数据采集和处理规则
Counter 的数据采集和处理的原则是: 在 HTML 格式的链接上，间隔不足 10 秒的双击只 被记为 1 次请求; 在PDF 格式的链接上，间隔不 足 30 秒的双击只被记为 1 次请求。这些处理原 则保证了能够收集到标准的数据; 另外， Counter 使用报告在传递时要求必须是容易转换 的格式; 在保存时间上要求必须至少保留上年度 和本年度至今的数据。
2月 10988 33617 1249 2706 890 1174155 3504 4893
14 4653
776
10
382 0 6
1237843
3月 38353 45197 7809 7155 5383 1689990 7396 8932 3363 8299
3681
3
1218 28 33 1826840
9
术语定义
页面浏览
01 页面浏览部分包含了书目数据 (期刊、ISSN号、DIO号等27个)、 Web 页面类型 (PDF、全文
HTML等14个)、用户认证方式、 访问权限4 个子部分, 共48个术语
会话数据
02 会话数据部分描述了 3 个关于会话的开始、 结束和经历时间的术语
03
商业要素
商业要素部分描述了客户、 用户、 IP 等涉及资源订购的 9 个术语
为了比较不同数据库的使用情况 ,更科学 、可靠地评价本馆电子资源的使用 价值, 图书馆希望数据库商提供的数据具有可比性, 也就是这些统计数据要 遵循统一的标准, 在这种情况下, COUNTER标准应运而生, 它为 SUSHI 协议的产生提供了前提条件
6
COUNTER标准
COUNTER 标准
COUNTER 的全称为 Counting Online Usage Network Electronic Resources(统计在线使用网络电子资源)。 是由图 书馆界、 出版界和中间商共同发起的研究项目, 目标是研制一系 列实施规范，以管理不同类型网上电子资源的使用数据，规范记 录和交换这些数据的指标和途径 要求“遵从者”必须向用户提供符合 COUNTER标准的使用统 计报告，使各供应商生成的统计数据具有一致性、可靠性和相互 兼容性 ，并且能方便用户记录和交换，以作统计分析
COUNTER标准和SUSHI协议
目录
CONTENTS
01 COUNTER产生背景 02 COUNTER核心内容 03 SUSHI协议的由来 04 SHISHI工作流程
某高校图书馆各数据库的使用情况
数据库名称 中国知网 博看网
读秀 百链 超星数字图书馆 移动数字图书馆 爱迪科森培训库 泛在微讲堂
3224
9903
2849
40
68
75
1669 4 16
2301334
870 3 98
1751722
170 114
9 1565688
备注 下载量 阅读页数 下载量 下载量 下载量 点击量
点击量 下载量 点击量
下载量 下载量
3
COUNTER 产生背景
COUNTER产生背景
PART ONE
电子资源在图书馆文 献资源的占比逐年增 加，慢慢成为图书馆 资源的重要组成部分
国外各大数据库商，如Thomson Scientific、EBSCO、 Springer、Elsevier等已纷纷采用SUSHL协议为图书馆提供 使用统计报告，其规范一致的数据信息为图书馆进行电子资 源的绩效评价分析提供了可靠的依据，其自动化的网络服务 模式也为用户获取统计报告提供了极大地便利。
统计内容包括检索和登 录的数量,被拒绝的检索和登 录数量(按月和数据库统计) 以及总的检索及登录数量(按 月和服务统计)。检索是指一 个明确的、有智力的询问 ； 登录指一次在线服务的成功 请求。
统计内容包括成功请求和拒绝数 (按月、期刊、记录类型) 及检索式运 行次数(按月和服务统计)。报告内容 包括:全文期刊名称、印刷版ISSN号、 网络版ISSN号、页类型(目录、文摘、 参考文献、附录请求、PDF全文请求、 HTML全文请求、全文总请求、PDF 拒绝数、HTML拒绝数)。后者内容包 括:保存检索式次数、修改检索式次数 和检索零结果的次数。
SUSHI客户端
回复信息 COUNTER
报告
Internet
数据库商
请求
SUSHI服务器 回复信息 COUNTER
报告
数据处理
COUNTER 使用数据
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SUSHI的实际应用
51% 50% 65%
95%
以武汉理工大学2007年度Springer LINK电子期刊数据 库的使用统计为例，可以看到数据库商严格按照COUNTER 报告的格式并通过SUSHL网络服务模式提供了客观的使用统 计数据。
高校公共教学素材库