阶段练习一

合集下载

《公共行政学》课程阶段练习(一)答案

《公共行政学》课程阶段练习（一）答案一、名词解释1、公共行政即为政府依法对国家事务、自身事务和社会事务进行的管理活动。

2、行政领导即国家行政机关中领导者依法行政国家权力，组织和管理国家行政事务所进行的行政活动的总称。

3、公共组织就是以维护和促进公共利益为目的，以向社会提供公共物品和公共服务为手段，按照一定法定程序而建立起来并承担相应公共责任的组织实体。

二、单项选择题：1-5：ABCBA 6-10：BACDC 11-15：DDCBB三、多项选择题1.ABCD2.ACD3.ABCD4.ABCD5.ABC6.AD 7 .ABCD 8.ABCD 9.ABCD 10.ABC四、简答题：（每题5分，共35分）1．区别表现在：第一,公共行政是以宪法为基础的。

第二,公共行政必须服务于公共利益。

第三,公共行政较少受制于市场力量。

第四,公共行政基于公众的信任来运作。

2．主要有：第一，精简原则；第二，完整统一原则；第三，效能原则；第四，责权利相统一原则；第五，依法设置原则；第六，适应发展原则。

3、领导者的权力主要包括职务权力和个人权力。

1）职务权力。

职务权力即职权，来源于等级制的组织，是外部如上级、组织、法律等赋予个人的。

个人权力的主要方式包括专家权、个人魅力、良好的人际关系、高尚的品质和创新精神。

2）个人权力。

个人权力(即非职务权力)是职务之外的，是由于个人的性格、知识、经验、能力、技术，乃至个人的品质和行为、业绩、声望或其他个人因素获得的影响他人心理和行为的能力，也就是个人影响力。

领导者职务权力的主要方式有合法要求、奖励报酬、强迫、决策、信息控制等。

4.具体有（一）政治品德素质要求；要有坚定的政治立场；要有坚定的政治信仰；要有廉洁奉公的政治品德；要有全心全意为人民服务的思想境界。

（二）个人能力素质要求：有合理的能力结构；要有较高的能力水平（三）文化知识素质要求：掌握政治理论知识；具有熟练的专业知识和技能；具有广博的知识面（四）身体、心理素质要求：必须具备健康的身体、旺盛的精力；应具备的良好个性心理品质5、政领导的群体结构是指由行政机关的领导成员所组成的群体，是为了达到特定目标、具有多种功能的整体。

刑事诉讼法学_第一阶段练习

考试科目：《刑事诉讼法学》第章至第章（总分100分）学习中心（教学点）批次：层次：专业：学号：身份证号：姓名：得分：一单选题（共15题，总分值15分，下列选项中有且仅有一个选项符合题目要求，请在答题卡上正确填涂。

）1.下列有关回避决定的表述中正确的是（B）。

（1分）A.公安机关侦查人员的回避由公安机关的负责人决定，在回避作出决定前被申请回避的人员应暂停参加对本案的侦查工作B.公安机关负责人和检察长的回避，由同级人民检察院检察委员会决定C.对书记员、翻译人员和鉴定人的回避，由审判长决定，对合议庭成员的回避，由院长或审判委员会决定D.开庭审理中对公诉人员提出申请回避的，由审判长决定2.杜某是某公安机关的法医，在一起刑事案件的法庭审理过程中，人民法院聘请杜某担任该案鉴定人。

本案的被告人提出杜某与本案有利害关系，申请回避。

下列有权对杜某是否回避作出决定是：（B）（1分）A.杜某所在公安机关的负责人B.该人民法院院长C.本案的合议庭D.本案合议庭的审判长3.关于被害人在法庭审理中的诉讼权利，下列哪一选项是错误的？（ C）（1分）A.有权委托诉讼代理人B.有权申请回避C.无权参与刑事部分的法庭调查和辩论，只能参加附带民事诉讼部分的审理活动D.对刑事判决部分不能提起上诉4.审判管辖划分的对象是（A ）。

（1分）A.第一审刑事案件B.第二审刑事案件C.死刑复核案件D.审判监督再审的案件5.在纠问式刑事程序中，不存在的职能是（C）。

（1分）第1页/共6页A.控诉职能B.审判职能C.辩护职能D.侦查职能6 .在诉讼形式上，奴隶社会的刑事诉讼属于（A ）。

（1分）A.弹劾式B.纠问式C.职权主义D.当事人主义7 .青山区法院决定开庭审理区原妇联主任丁花贪污案，被告人丁花在开庭前突发心脏病死亡。

该法院应当如何处理？（ D ）（1分）A.裁定撤销案件B.宣告被告人丁花无罪C.退回起诉的人民检察院处理D.裁定终止审理8 .理论上把大陆法系国家的刑事诉讼形式称作（B ）。

商务沟通-第一阶段练习

江南大学现代远程教育第一阶段练习题考试科目:?商务沟通?第一章至第二章〔总分100分〕学习中心〔教学点〕批次：层次：专业：学号：身份证号：姓名：得分：一、填空题〔每空1分，共15分〕1.“内部传递〞的优点表现在沟通形式不拘，直接明了，速度很快。

2. 就内部沟通的形式而言，我们可以将其分为口头沟通、书面沟通、非语言沟通。

3. 沟通包括以下要素：发出者、接收者、渠道、信息、看法以及反应。

4. 企业文化指的是一个企业已经建立起来的价值观、信仰和精神。

5. 人际距离通常被划分为密切距离、社会距离、公众距离以及个人距离。

6．一般沟通噪音主要包括：发送噪音、接收噪音、传输噪音、环境噪音、背景噪音、数量噪音以及系统噪音。

二、判断题〔每题1分，共10分〕1. 沟通是一个通过不断调整需求，最终使各方的需求相互得以调和，互相接近，从而达成一致意见的过程。

〔×〕2. 就其使用范围而言，内部反应主要用于言语沟通中发送口头或书面信息之时。

〔×〕3. 个人的态度是否认位正确取决于个体的经验。

〔×〕4. 正式工作报告分为周工作总结和专项工作报告。

〔√〕5. 在沟通时如发现对方有疑虑表现时，应尽快请对方提出问题或对有关情况加以解释。

〔×〕6. 对于自己不清楚、不明白的问题不要彻底的答复。

〔√〕7. 管理沟通的适度性原那么是指沟通的具体方式、方法设计应当尽量简单明了，以便于所有沟通成员掌握和运用。

〔×〕8. 面对于己不利的提议，婉言回绝是主动进取的技巧。

〔√〕9. 在沟通中身体语言完全不存在，只有声音和语气、语调成为信息的载体。

〔√〕10. 在三种内部沟通形式中，上行沟通起着领导性的作用。

〔×〕三、单项选择题〔每题2分，共20分〕1. 以下〔Ｂ〕不是要求型沟通风格。

Ａ．言谈、爱好溢于言表Ｂ．主动与他人交流Ｃ．对自己的身份很敏感Ｄ．喜欢追求最好的东西2. 看法指的是个人对某人或某事的推断，下面哪一类不是看法〔Ｄ〕Ａ．经验驱动Ｂ．不完整信息驱动Ｃ．完整信息驱动Ｄ．态度驱动3．非成心干扰不包括〔Ｄ〕Ａ．语言表达能力差Ｂ．某些内容说得模糊不清Ｃ．语言不流畅Ｄ．眼神呆滞4．声音的品质包括一系列因素，以下哪个最不重要〔Ｂ〕Ａ．音量Ｂ．速率Ｃ．音高Ｄ．音频5. 选择性知觉不包括〔Ｂ〕Ａ．选择性理解Ｂ．选择性接触C．选择性记忆Ｄ．选择性注意6. 有效的倾听不取决于〔Ｃ〕Ａ.听得全面Ｂ．理解的准确Ｃ.倾听时身体适当后倾Ｄ．做出必要的反应7.〔Ａ〕是指在人的认识、情感、言语、行动中，心理活动发生时力量的强弱、变化的快慢和均衡程度等稳定的动力特征。

江南大学-阶段练习-参考答案大学英语-第一阶段练习

江南大学-阶段练习-参考答案大学英语-第一阶段练习第一局部：词汇与构造〔共 10 小题；每题 2 分，总分值 20 分〕此局部共有 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中未完成的局部有 4 个选项，请从 A、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出正确选项。

1． The invention of the telephone was a great____D___ to human munication.A) stress B) inquiry C) intention D) contribution2． Everyone of us ___D___ tired and wanted a good rest.B) was seemed C) seems A) seemD) seemed3． Since China has entered the WTO, the ____A___ on foreign businesses will gradually be reduced.A) restrictions B) access C) exchange D) opportunity4． I'd ___C____ it if you would turn the radio down.A) amuse B) undertake C) appreciate D) suspect5． Bob took a part-time job ____D____ handbills for a cosmetic pany.A) checking out B) setting up C) putting down D) giving out6． By the time we arrived at the airport, therain __B_____already _______ .A) has …stopped B) had… stopped C) /…stopped D) / … stops7． The plane _A______ take off at 8:30 a.m. has been delayed because of thick fog.A) due to B) already C) far from D) so far8． Take this medicine, __C___ you will not recover.A) and B) so C) or D) because9． The puter is very useful because it is able to store _____A_______.A) much information B) a number of informationsC) many informations D) a lot informationThe Inter enables us to ___B_____ the world without leaving home.10． D) conductB) explore C) secure A) register分〕 2 分，总分值 30 第二局部：阅读理解〔共 15 小题；每题 Passage 1Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of munication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, munication is acplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally.. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille ( a system of raised dots read with thefingertips), signal flags, ,Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most mon form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.11. Which of the following best summarize this passage? ( A)A) When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of municationB) Everybody uses only one form of munication.C) Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreignersD) Although other forms of munication exist, verbalization is the fastest12. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? (C)A) There are many forms of munication in existence todayB) Verbalization is the most mon form of municationC) The deaf and mute do not need sign language for municationD) Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by language13. Which form other than oral speech would be most monly used among blind people? (B)A) Picture sign B) Braille C) Body languageD)Signal flags14. How many different forms of munication are mentioned here? (C)A)2-4 B)5-7 C)8-10 D) over 1015. Sign language is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally as itdoesn't represent ______A_______.A) Spellings B) whole words C) ideas D)feelingsPassage 2College brings together people from all walks of life. There are so many different types of people in the world but if you go to a college cus, you are sure to find at least one of every kind. The great part about being here with so many different people is thatyou get to interact with some interesting characters and see how to deal with them.You will meet the people you dread the most, the smart – ass, the brain, or the unique spirit, but no matter who it is that is your worst nightmare to be around you will always be paired up with them in a group project. When you get into the real world you are not going to be able to pick your boss or coworkers. Interacting with these people in college and living with different roommates will help you learn how to cooperate with the people in life youfind so unpleasant. College life is fun. The fact that I have been here for a short time just means it has not yet been a life changing experience to me. If I were to give any tips on how to survive, it would not be how to survive college, but how to survive life. I would have to say that one should be outgoing and live life to the fullest.Meet new people whenever you can because they just may be a major influence in your life. Also, get your work done before you go out and party. Lastly, I wouldhave to say, in life if you ever feel lost or alone, talk to someone about it. Everyone gets depressed at times in their life and there is always someone who will listen to your problems.16.What is the theme of the passage? (A)A) Relationships in college B)Homework in collegeC) Freedom in collegeD)Party in college17. What does the author say about group projects?(B)A) They are always unpleasant. B) They are always difficult.C) Partners may not cooperate.D) Partners may be lazyC) They may help you someday D) They make yourlife more fun.19. How would you describe the author's personality? (D)A) Shy and underconfident B) Strong but quietC) Extremely pessimistic. D) Optimistic and outgoing20. What does the author say to do if you're depressed? (B)A) Go somewhere by yourself B)Talk to someoneabout itC) Try to forget about it D) See a psychologist immediatelyPassage 3Our family is trying to decide where to go for our vacation this summer. Our son, Tom, wants to go to Yellow Stone Park again to see the bears. We did that last summer and what an experience it was! When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our c. Tom wanted his father to chase him Susie chase you! and don't let him said, No, it's dangerous to chase a bear, away. His father saidWhat shall we do? Maybe we ought to climb a tree. Tom said, No, we've got to get him out of honey someif we put Maybe tent. we could make him leave He there. might go to sleep in our outside for him to eat. Susiesuggested. Then I said, How are you going to get the honey? It's in the tent.We watched the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside. It's foolish for us to try to catch him, said my husband, leave him alone and wait for him to e out. We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car.(B) 21. The family have decided to go cing in the vacation this summer.A.TB.F(A) 22. Susie saw the bear first.A.TB.F(B) 23. They chased the bear away when they saw a bear enter their tent.A.TB.F(B) 24. The bear drank the beer in the tent.A.TB.F(B) 25. Tom wanted to go to Yellow Stone Park to see wolves.A.TB.F第三局部: 完形填空〔共 20 小题；每题 1 分，总分值 20 分〕请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、C、 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

文书写作(本)阶段练习答案(一)

本科阶段练习参考答案（一）一、填空题1.具体事务实用性目的2.内在规律典型性3.发文机关事由文种4.主旨材料结构语言格式5.直接材料间接材料6.法定作者机关公章成文日期7.决定公告议案报告意见函8.告知性公文报请性公文沟通性公文9.指挥宣传10.A411.基本事实对基本事实的评价对受文单位提出希望、号召12.请示报告13.主送机关二、名词解释1．应用文书：是国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体以及个人在处理公私事务、传递信息、解决问题和实行管理时使用的具有特定格式的实用性文章。

2．主旨：一般称为文章的主题，即一篇文章的中心思想和基本观点,也被称为文章的灵魂。

3．构思：在提笔写作之前，作者要考虑为什么而写、写什么、怎么写等许多问题，这种潜心准备，酝酿文稿的思维过程就叫做构思。

4．材料：就是指构成一篇文章的事实、论据、道理和引语。

5.行政机关公文：是行政机关在行政管理过程中形成的具有法定效力和规范体式的文书，是依法行政和进行公务活动的重要工具。

6. 命令：是国家权力机关、行政机关、军事机关及其负责人颁布的，是具有强制性执行性质的领导性、指挥性的下行公文。

7. 决定：是对重要事项或者重大行动做出安排，奖惩有关单位及人员，变更或者撤销下级机关不适当的决定事项的公文。

8. 通报：是党政机关、企事业单位、学校、部队用来向所属单位或群众传达重要情况、表扬好人好事、批评错误的一种公文形式。

9．公告：一种适合于向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项的公文，属于公开宣布的知照性下行文。

10. 通知：适用于批转下级机关相关的公文，转发上级机关和不相隶属机关的公文，传达要求下级机关办理和需要有关单位周知或者执行的事项，任免人员。

三、指出下列公文标题的错误，并加以修改。

1．鸿达公司关于转发鸿达公司安全责任制试行办法的通知改正：鸿达公司关于推行安全责任制试行办法的通知2．××市人民政府批转商业局《关于进一步做好粮油供应工作的报告》的通知改正：××市人民政府批转商业局《关于进一步做好粮油供应工作的意见》的通知3．××市人民政府办公厅转发××省人民政府办公厅《转发国务院办公厅〈关于贯彻执行国务院“关于解决企业社会负担过重的若干规定有关问题的通知〉的通知》的通知改正：××市人民政府办公厅转发国务院办公厅《关于解决企业社会负担过重的若干规定有关问题的通知》4．××县林业局关于××乡乱砍滥伐的报告改正：××县林业局关于××乡乱砍滥伐的通报5．关于××市民政事业费管理使用问题的通告改正：关于××市民政事业费管理使用问题的报告四、简答题（略）五、阅读下面两则背景资料，思考并回答问题背景资料（一）一位教育家欲自费出版散文集，多次到林斤澜家登门拜访，恳求林老为其散文集作序，情真意切。

2019-2020学年七年级上册英语第一次阶段性练习卷(含答案)

2019学年（上）七年级阶段性练习一英语试题卷听力部分（20%）第一节：听录音，选出你所听到的字母、单词或句子。

每题只读一遍。

（每题1分，共5分）(▲)1. A. M B. F C. S(▲)2. A. dog B. get C. Lucy(▲)3. A. BOQ B. SBS C. BBC(▲)4. A. 937,271,5 B. 727, 125, 5 C. 93, 752, 3(▲)5. A. Wu is there. B. Who are you? C. Where is Tom?第二节：听句子。

选择最佳的应答。

每题只读一遍。

（每题1分，共5分）(▲)6. A. Thank you, Miss Li. B. This is Daming, Miss Li. C. Good morning, Miss Li. (▲)7. A. Running. B. Piano. C. dancing.(▲)8. A. A B. R C. W(▲)9. A. Twenty- seven. B. Thirty -seven. C. Forty- seven.(▲)10. A. Monday. B. Sunday. C. Thursday.第三节：听对话，选择最佳答案。

对话读两遍。

（每题2分，共10分）(▲)11. Who is the new student?A. DamingB. JamieC. Lingling(▲)12. What is Helen going to do?A. go homeB. go to bedC. do free exercise(▲)13. Is basketball Helen’s favourite sport?A. Yes.B. No.C. She doesn’t know.(▲)14. Does Jamie want to play basketball now?A. No.B. Yes.C. He doesn’t know.(▲)15. How many people are going to play basketball?A. One.B. Two.C. Four.笔试部分（80%）一、完形填空。

《生物化学》阶段练习(1)

《生物化学》阶段练习（1）绪论、蛋白质、酶、维生素和辅酶、核酸化学一、填空题：1、蛋白质多肽链中的肽键是通过一个氨基酸的羧基和另一氨基酸的氨基连接而形成的。

2、大多数蛋白质中的氮的含量较恒定，平均为 16% ，如测的1g 样品含氮量为10mg，则蛋白质含量为 6.25 %。

3、蛋白质中的酪氨酸和色氨酸两种氨基酸具有紫外吸收特性，因而使蛋白质在280nm处有最大吸收值。

4、组成蛋白质的20种氨基酸中，含有咪唑环的氨基酸是组氨酸，含硫的氨基酸有蛋氨酸（甲硫氨酸）和半胱氨酸。

5、蛋白质的二级结构最基本的有两种类型，它们是α-螺旋和β-折叠。

6、氨基酸的等电点（pI）是指氨基酸所带正负电荷相等时的溶液的pH值。

氨基酸在等电点时，主要以__两性离子_形式存在，在pH>pI的溶液中，大部分以_阴离子_形式存在。

7、人体蛋白质的基本组成单位为 ----------氨基酸_ ，共有 __20___ 种。

8、体内有生物活性的蛋白质至少具备 __三级__ 结构，有的还有 __四级_ 结构。

9、蛋白质变性主要是其 _高级__ 结构遭到破坏，而其 _一级__ 结构仍可完好无损。

10、GSH的中文名称是谷胱甘肽，它的活性基团是巯基，它的生化功能是参与体内的氧化还原作用。

11、稳定蛋白质胶体的因素是水化膜和电荷。

12、加入低浓度的中性盐可使蛋白质溶解度增加，这种现象称为盐溶，而加入高浓度的中性盐，当达到一定的盐饱和度时，可使蛋白质的溶解度降低并沉淀，蛋白质的这种性质常用于蛋白质的分离。

13、酶是生物体活细胞产生的，具有催化活性的一类特殊物质。

14、全酶是由酶蛋白和辅因子组成，在催化反应时，二者所起的作用不同，其中酶蛋白决定酶的专一性和高效率，辅因子起传递电子、原子或化学基团的作用。

15、根据国际系统命名法，所有的酶按所催化的化学反应的性质可分为氧化还原酶类，合成酶类、转移酶类、水解酶类、裂合酶类、和异构酶类。

16、酶的活性中心包括结合部位和催化部位两个功能部位，其中结合部位直接与底物结合，决定酶的专一性，催化部位是发生化学变化的部位，决定催化反应的性质。

大学英语(本)阶段练习1

华东理工大学网络教育学院大学英语（4）（本）阶段练习一Part I Vocabulary and Structure1. For further information, contact us by ___C__ following E-mail address.A) one B) a C) the D) /2. ___B__ food and equipment was kept in that cave during the war time.A) Quite a few B) A great deal ofC) Large quantities D) A large/great number of3. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double __A___ of 1980.A) that B) one C) it D) what4. From his ___C__ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.A) satisfactory B) satisfying C) satisfied D) satisfactory5. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors rose ___A__27%.A) by B) for C) to D) in6. __A___ the thick trees, the bitter wind would have blown the house into pieces.A) But for B) Due to C) Except for D) Thanks for7. Until then, his family ___D__ from him for six months.A) didn’t hear B) hasn’t heardC) hasn’t been hearing D) hadn’t heard8. If the local peasants hadn’t given the soldiers clothes and food, they__D___ of cold and hunger.A) would B) will die C) would be dead D) would have died9. I don’t allow ___A__ here and I don’t allow any of you _____ anywhere.A) gambling… to gamble B) to gamble…gamblingC) gambling… gambling D) to gamble… to gamble10. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ___D__ the exam.A) pass B) to pass C) passed D) passing11. Those naughty boys were caught __B___ flowers in the garden again.A) to steal B) stealing C) to have stolen D) having stolen12. No more complaints, __D___ you will be dismissed from this company.A) so B) then C) and D) or13. Linda was walking in the street __B__ she noticed a thief stealing from anold lady.A) while B) when C) as D) which14. The ___B___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A) bicycle's shop B) bicycle shopC) bicycles shop D) bicycles' shop15. Mr. John was busy, ___B__he could not come.A) but B) therefore C) and D) nor16. Wu Dong was ___D___tired that he couldn't keep his eyes open.A) too B) much C) such D) so17. I paid __C___for the new book.A) half pound B) one pound and halfC) one and a half pounds D) one and half a pound18. While ___B__ for the bus at the bus station, I met an old friend of mine whom I haven't seen for 10 years.A) being waited B) waitingC) having waited D) waited19. Don't forget ___C___ your umbrella with you. It might rain in the evening.A) taking B) taken C) to take D) to be taking20. Jenny is learning Japanese. ___A__ her brother.A) So is B) So does C) Nor is D) Nor does21. Please tell me the main idea __C___ you have already gone through the whole paragraph.A) so B) before C) since D) while22. __B___ the receiver of the telephone than it rang again.A) I had put down no sooner B) I had no sooner put downC) No sooner have I put down D) No sooner I put down23. Jiuzhaigou Valley is so beautiful that it is worth __B___.A) you to visit B) visitingC) for you to visit D) for your visiting24. __B___ to have a good mastery of the English language.A) I take three years B) It takes me three yearsC) Three years take me D) Three years taking me25. Mary found it hard ___A__ the latest development in fashion.A) to keep up with B) keep upC) keeping up with D) keep up with26. You’ll have to be __A___ with my mother—she’s going rather deaf.A) patient B) popular C) bound D) disappointed27. I object __C___ the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive.A) with B) for C) to D) in28. There have been many ___C__ in their marriage but they still love each other.A) right and wrong B) back and forthC) ups and downs D) right and left29. We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ___B__ but to take a taxi.A) way B) choice C) possibility D) selection30. The committee was __D___ mainly of teachers and parents.A) comprised B) constituted C) consisted D) composed31. Fortunately, Jack was only slightly injured in the traffic __D__.A) incident B) event C) case D) accident32. In order to achieve the final success, we must __C___ our disputes and unite as one.A) lay down B) lay off C) lay aside D) lay up33. You should take the medicine after you read the __C____.A) lines B) words C) instructions D) suggestions34. It has been ten years since the Labour Party came into __C___ in that country.A) control B) force C) power D) charge35. Why he did it will remain a ___D__ for ever.A) strange B) pass C) public D) puzzlePart II Use of English1. - Good morning, John . How are you doing?- _____C____A) I'm pleased. B) Good night.C) Not so bad. And you? D) How do you do?2. - Good-bye for now.- _____A____A) The same to you. B) That's OK.C) See you. D) Long time no see.3. - Thanks for your help.- ______C______A) My pleasure. B) Never mind.C) Quite right. D) Don’t thank me.4. - Hello, I’m Harry Potter.- Hello, my name is Charles Green, but ________C____.A) call my Charles B) call me at CharlesC) call me Charles D) call Charles me5. - How do I get to the cinema?- _____D____A) It's very far. B) Yes, there is a cinema near here.C) It's well known. D) Go down this street and turn left.6. - Do you like to play basketball?- ____C_____A) Perhaps. B) No. Xiaowang does not like it.C) I am crazy about it. D) I am pleased about it.7. - Excuse me, I'm afraid you've overcharged me.- ________A________A) Oh, really? B) That's all right.C) That's fine. D) You're welcome.8. - I doubt whether the Chinese Football Team can win the game this time. - ___________B_________.A) That's true B) It's hard to sayC) I like the team D) I don't believe it9. Mr. Carol is not in. Can I take a message?___________A_______________________.A) Well, I’d prefer to call later. B) You’d better not.C) Thank you all the same. D) That’s all right.10. - Good afternoon. Can I help you?- ______C___A) No. I don't think so.B) Thank you.C) I need to buy a birthday present for my son.D) Yes. I think soPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage OneMr. Young ran his own business and worked very hard. His wife was afraid that he would get sick if he continued like that, so she often tried to get him to take a vacation. At last she managed to persuade him to do so, and she hoped that he would be able to enjoy his vacation without any disturbance, sobefore they left, Mrs. Young went to see her husband's secretary. She said to her, "My husband needs a vacation very much, so whatever happens, please don't bother him with telegrams and letters about business problems while we are away. Just wait till we get back."After Mr. and Mrs. Young had been away about a week, Mr. Young received a letter from his secretary which said, "Something terrible happened to your business, but I'm not going to bother you with it while you are enjoying your vacation."1. Mr. Young was the owner of a private business. AA) T B) F2. Mrs. Young worried about her husband's business. BA) T B) F3. Mrs. Young was afraid that her husband's vacation might be spoilt. AA) T B) F4. The secretary didn't explain in her letter what had happened to Mr.Young's business, because she didn't want to spoil Mr. Young's vacation.AA) T B) F5. You can learn from the story that Mr. Young had a stupid secretary. AA) T B) FPassage TwoAfter having lived for over twenty years in the same district, Albert Hall was forced to move to a new neighborhood. He surprised his landlord by telling him that he was leaving because he could not afford to buy any more chocolate.It all began a year ago when Albert returned home one evening and found a large dog in front of his gate. He was very fond of animals and as he happened to have a small piece of chocolate in his pocket, he gave it to the dog. The next day, the dog was there again. It held up its paws and received another piece of chocolate as a reward. Albert called his new friend "Bingo". He never found out the dog's real name, nor who his owner was. However, Bingo appeared regularly every afternoon and it was quite clear that he preferred chocolate to bones. He soon grew dissatisfied with small pieces of chocolate and demanded a large bar a day. If at any time Albert neglected his duty, Bingo got very angry and refused to let him open the gate. Albert was now at Bingo's mercy and had to bribe him to get into his own house! He spent such a large part of his weekly wages to keep Bingo supplied with thatin the end he had to move somewhere else.6. Albert lived there for many years. BA) T B) F7. Albert was moving because he did not like the place. BA) T B) F8. Albert and the dog became friends a year ago. AA) T B) F9. The dog visited Albert every day because it wanted the chocolate. AA) T B) F10. Albert "had to bribe him" means he had to take care of him. BA) T B) FPassage ThreeShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person's conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing." Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, "You're just saying that to make me feel good.I know it's not true." It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let's not allow shyness to block our chances for arich and fulfilling life.11. What does the author try to prove by citing "what kind of impression am I making?" (Para. 1)__B____A) Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.B) People's shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.C) It's natural that shy people don't believe other's compliments.D) Shy people think they are different from others.12. According to the writer, self-awareness is __A___.A) a good qualityB) the cause of unhappinessC) harmful to peopleD) a weak point of shy people13. That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is ___B___.A) good B) unreal C) very reasonable D) harmful14. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? ___C__A) Shyness helps us to develop our potentialB) Shyness enables us to understand ourselves betterC) Shyness can block our chances for a rich lifeD) Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem15. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people __B___.A) should find more of their weaknessB) should understand themselves in the right wayC) had better ignore their weaknessD) can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteemPassage FourWhat makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is "no". It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into alarge set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist's knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einstein's ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.16. What makes a scientist according to the passage? __B___A) The tools he uses.B) The way he uses his tools.C) His ways of learning.D) The various tools he uses.17. The underlined part in the passage shows__C___.A) the importance of informationB) the importance of thinkingC) the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD) the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs.18. A sound scientific theory should be one that __A___.A) works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under thesame conditions at other timesB) does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC) can be used for many purposesD) leave no room for improvement19. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __C___.A) that measurements are keys to success in scienceB) that accuracy of mathematicsC) that investigations are important in scienceD) that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations20. What is the main idea of the passage? __D___A) The theory of relativity.B) Exactness is the core of science.C) Scientists are different from ordinary people.D) Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.Part IV ClozeMany people would agree that stress is a major problem in modern life. It is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses, __D__ backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.Many of us think __A__ stress as something that other people impose on us. We often complain about how other people put us __B__ pressure. But we should try not to let such pressure affect us. We should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take __E__ more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to __C__ our limitations. We should be aware of which things are really important and which are not.1. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on2. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on3. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on4. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on5. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) onPart V Translation1. This box can hold more books than that one.这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书。

2017-2018学年上海华育中学九上化学阶段练习卷一

初三第一学期化学学科阶段练习一一、填表题1.填写下列元素的名称或符号。

2.写出对应的物质名称或化学式。

二、选择题1.下列四个选项中不属于化学研究范畴的是（）A.开发新能源B.合成新的物质C.物质气、液、固三态互变的条件D.防治环境污染2.下列变化属于化学变化的是（）A.粮食酿酒B.湿衣晾干C.酒精挥发D.冰雪融化3.物质需要通过化学变化才能表现出来的性质是（）A.溶解性B.挥发性C.导电性D.可燃性4.生活中的下列物质中，属于纯净物的是（）A.加碘盐B.调和植物油C.洗涤剂D.干冰（固体二氧化碳）5.MnO2是一种紫黑色的晶体，其中Mn元素的化合价为（）A.-2B.+2C.-4D.+46.日常生活中加碘食盐、高钙牛奶中的“碘”和“钙”是指（）A.单质B.分子C.原子D.元素7.下列物质中，含有游离态氧元素的是（）A.空气B.蒸馏水C.二氧化碳D.高锰酸钾8.下列化学实验基本操作中，正确的是（）A.可用鼻孔凑到瓶口去闻试剂的气味B.实验后多余的液体，要倒回试剂瓶C.倾倒液体时，标签要向手心D.浓硫酸沾到皮肤上，应立即先用水冲洗9.下列实验操作中，不正确的是（）A.加热液体B.点燃酒精灯C.蒸发食盐水D.检查装置气密性10.用量筒取10mL水，采取俯视读数，则实际取水量为（）A.10mLB.小于10mLC.大于10mLD.无法估计11.下列物质不属于空气污染物的是（）A.烟尘B.一氧化碳C.二氧化碳D.氮、氧化合物12.某同学对生活中部分物质的性质和用途做了如下归纳，其中你认为错误的是（）A.氮气的化学性质稳定---填充食品包装袋防腐B.稀有气体通电时能发出不同颜色的光---用于焊接金属的保护气C.铜丝具有优良的导电性---用作导线D.氧气可以帮助燃烧---用作助燃剂13.空气成分中的下列气体，化学性质最稳当的是（）A.氮气B.二氧化碳C.氧气D.氖气14.“和“●”表示不同元素的原子，以下图示表示单质的是（）15.如图形象地表示了水在常温下的挥发和水受热加快蒸发的情况，由此分析下列说法错误的是（）A.分子总是在不断运动着B.在受热的情况下，分子能量增大，运动速率加快C.只要温度相同，任何物质分子间的间隔都是相同的D.同一种物质在固态、液态和气态时分子间的间隔是不同的16.下列有关化学观念的叙述错误的是（）A.用刀切西瓜的过程中，分子被分成了更小的微粒B.元素符号、化学式都是国际通用的化学符号C.地球上的万物都是由元素组成的D.化学不仅研究物质的变化，还研究变化过程中伴随的能量变化17.下列物质由分子构成的是（）A.水蒸气B.氦气C.镁带D.水银18.下列说法正确的是（）A.化学反应中，分子和原子的种类都不改变B.水通电后会产生氢气和氧气，这是因为水中含有氢气和氧气C.分子能构成物质，有些原子也能直接构成物质D.氧气是由两个氧原子构成的19.下列有关符号中的数字意义，叙述正确的是（）A.O2中的“2”表示2个氧原子B.2Fe中的“2”表示2个铁元素C.3H2O中的“2”表示一个水分子中含有2个氢原子D.2N中的“2”表示2个氮分子20.关于“单质”的理解错误的是（）A.一定是纯净物B.只含一种元素，且以游离态存在C.可能存在于混合物中D.同种元素组成的物质一定是单质21.学习化学时可用右图图示表示某些从属关系，下列选项正确的是（）22.酸雨、臭氧层被破坏、温室效应和土地荒漠化是当今人类面临的严重环境问题。

【课时练】人教版小学数学五年级下册第三单元《长方体和正方体的认识》阶段提升练习题一

第三单元长方体和正方体1.长方体和正方体的认识阶段提升练习一1.填一填。

（1）如图是一个立体图形从一个顶点引出的长、宽、高。

①如果6a=，这个立体图形是( )体，它的棱长总和是( )cm。

②如果9a=，这个立体图形是( )体，它有两个相对的面是( )形，这两个面分别是( )面和( )面。

这两个面的面积都是( )cm²。

（2）至少需要( )cm长的铁丝才能做成一个底面周长是16 cm的正方体框架。

（3）如图是一个长方体（单位：cm），如果>>a b c，那么在这个长方体中截下一个最大的正方体，这个正方体的棱长总和是( )cm。

2.将正确答案的序号填在括号里。

（1）用18个棱长为1 cm的小正方体摆成一个长方体，共有( )种不同的摆法。

A.2B.3C.4D.5（2）下面说法正确的是( )。

①有两个面是完全一样的正方形的长方体，一定是正方体。

②长方体是一种特殊的正方体。

③相邻的两个面是完全一样的正方形的长方体是正方体。

④正方体是长、宽、高都相等的长方体。

A.①③B.③④C.①②③D.②③④（3）一根长96 cm的竹竿，刚好能制作成一个正方体框架，框架的棱长是( ) cm。

A.16B.12C.8D.143.用一根铁丝刚好可以焊接成一个棱长为6 cm的正方体框架，如果用这根铁丝焊接成一个长为8 cm、宽为 3 cm的长方体，它的高应该是多少厘米？（接头处忽略不计）4.一个长方体被截成两个完全一样的正方体，两个正方体的棱长之和比原来长方体的棱长之和增加了32 cm。

原来长方体的长是多少厘米？5.如图是用棱长1 cm的小正方体摆成的长方体。

（1）这个长方体是由( )个小正方体摆成的，它的棱长之和是( )cm。

（2）如果用这些小正方体重新摆成一个最大的正方体，至少要去掉( )个小正方体，大正方体的棱长是( )cm，棱长之和是( )cm。

6.如图，一个正方体的6个面上分别标有1、2、3、4、5、6六个数字，你知道每组相对的面上的数字分别是多少吗？7.一个长方体被截成两个完全相同的正方体，如果两个正方体的棱长之和比原来的长方体增加了16 cm，那么原来的长方体的长是多少？答案解析1.（1）①正方 72②长方正方前后 36（2）48（3）12c2.（1）C （2）B （3）C3. 6×12÷4−(8+3)=7(cm)答:它的高应该是7 cm。

2022初三化学阶段性练习一

2022年化学阶段性练习一第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共42分）一、选择题（本题包括14个小题，每小题3分，共42分）１．为有效阻断新冠病毒的传播，公众改变了许多生活习惯。

下列做法主要涉及化学变化的是（）A ．用医用酒精杀菌消毒 B.保持社交距离C ．改变握手礼节 D.出门配戴口罩2、在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间，几种常见的消毒剂进入了家庭。

下列对84消毒液的描述中属于物理性质的是（）A ．有强氧化性 B.无色有刺激性气味的液体C ．见光易分解 D.可杀灭多种病原微生物3、下列对应关系错误的是（）Ａ．氧气----供人呼吸Ｂ．二氧化碳----造成酸雨Ｃ．氮气-----作保护气Ｄ．稀有气体-----做电光源4、下列实验操作中，正确的是（）5、下列物质属于纯净物的是（）Ａ．洁净的空气Ｂ．铅笔芯Ｃ．四氧化三铁Ｄ．澄清的石灰水6、下列有关催化剂的说法中错误的是（）Ａ．催化剂就是二氧化锰Ｂ．催化剂能改变其他物质的化学反应速度Ｃ．在化学反应前后催化剂的质量没有改变Ｄ．在化学反应前后催化剂的化学性质没有改变7、做下列物质在氧气中燃烧实验之前，先要在集气瓶底铺细沙的是（）A ．木炭在氧气中燃烧B ．铁在氧气中燃烧C ．硫在氧气中燃烧D ．红磷在氧气中燃烧8、物质在空气中发生缓慢氧化、自燃、燃烧的共同点是（）A ．都放出热量B ．都生成气体C ．都有响声D ．都发光9、下列实验现象描述正确的是（）Ａ．木炭在氧气中燃烧产生明亮的黄色火焰Ｂ．磷在氧气中燃烧产生大量的白色烟雾Ｃ．硫在氧气中燃烧发出蓝紫色的火焰，生成带刺激性气味的气体Ｄ．铁在氧气中燃烧火星四射，生成四氧化三铁。

10、实验室用高锰酸钾制取氧气时有如下操作步骤：①加热，②检查装置的气密性，③装药品，④用排水集气法收集，⑤从水槽中取出导气管，⑥熄灭酒精灯，⑦连接仪器。

其中操作顺序正确的是（）A 、①⑦③②⑤④⑥B 、⑦②③①④⑤⑥C 、⑤⑦③②①④⑥D 、⑦③①②④⑥⑤11 、空气的净化问题正日益受到人们的关注。

通用～学年度第一学期九年级语文阶段练习(一)含答案

2019～2019学年度第一学期九年级语文阶段练习（一）班级姓名1.名著阅读：选出对下列名著有关内容的表述错误的两项。

（3分）------------------------- 【▲】【▲】A.格列佛生于洛丁加姆州，从十四岁开始在英国与荷兰的大学中念书，后来以外科医生的身份到船上工作，经过数次航行后在伦敦定居。

B.格列佛最后航行到一个慧骃国的地方，那里的人外形好像马，缺乏智慧、自制力和礼节，就像生存在幻境中似的，对人类十分排斥。

C.《朝花夕拾》中《琐记》、《藤野先生》、《无常》三篇作品，记述鲁迅离开家乡到南京、日本求学和回国后的一段经历，留下青年鲁迅在追求真理的人生道路上沉重的脚印。

D.《五猖会》记述儿时盼望观看迎神赛会的急切、兴奋的心情，和被父亲强迫背诵《鉴略》的扫兴而痛苦的感受。

指出强制的封建教育对儿童天性的压制和摧残。

E.祥子没有轻易忘记自己的车被抢的事。

一想起这事，他心中就觉得发怵。

他恨不得马上就能买上一辆新车。

为此，他更加拼命地挣钱，甚至不惜去抢别人的生意。

2.任选一幅哲理漫画为其配上蕴含生活道理的文字。

（2分）我选图，配文：3.请写出王昌龄《听流人水调子》里写到的几个典型场景。

（3分）孤舟微月对枫林，分付鸣筝与客心。

岭色千重万重雨，断弦收与泪痕深。

注释：①流人：离开家乡，流浪外地的人。

②水调子：指水调歌这首乐曲，曲调哀切。

③这首诗大约写于王昌龄晚年赴龙标（今湖南黔阳）所贬途中。

4.研读下面材料探究《舌尖上的中国3》遭吐槽的原因。

（4分）材料一：第二集中煎饼馃子摊的下岗再就业大妈，第四集里关于中药自制口红的片段，观众感觉放在美食纪录片有点奇怪。

第三集里，有将近1/4的时长在讲武术家如何收徒、传承武术。

第一集解说词中“集万物于一山（的野生蜂蜜），使得蜂蜜饱含清甜”。

事实上蜜源植物繁杂的蜂蜜不会清甜，反而会带有药味；云南石锅并不起源于云南，而是四川。

有人分析，“舌尖”第一、二季的成功与“人肉餐饮地图”陈晓卿密不可分，他的团队都没有参与第三季拍摄。

珠心算一阶段练习题

珠心算一阶段练习题珠心算是一种传统的计算技巧，要求能够快速准确地进行口算运算。

在珠心算一阶段的学习中，我们需要进行一系列的练习题，以提高我们的计算能力和速度。

本文将以问答的形式呈现一些典型的珠心算一阶段练习题，并给出详细的解答过程。

问题一：请计算19 × 7。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用1*9=9个珠子表示19，然后用7个珠子表示7，将两组珠子排列在一起，再用10个珠子表示1十，最后合理排列珠子，得到133。

问题二：请计算37 ÷ 5。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用3*9+7=34个珠子表示37，然后用5个珠子表示5，将两组珠子排列在一起，再用10个珠子表示1十，最后合理排列珠子，得到7余2。

问题三：请计算48 + 63。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用4*9+8=44个珠子表示48，然后用6*9+3=57个珠子表示63，将两组珠子排列在一起，最后合理排列珠子，得到111。

问题四：请计算146 - 58。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用1*10+4=14个珠子表示146，然后用5*9+8=53个珠子表示58，将两组珠子排列在一起，最后合理排列珠子，得到88。

问题五：请计算187 × 3 + 27。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用1*10+8=18个珠子表示187，然后用3个珠子表示3，将两组珠子排列在一起，再用2*9+7=25个珠子表示27，最后合理排列珠子，得到561+25=586。

问题六：请计算254 ÷ 6。

解答：珠子表示6，将两组珠子排列在一起，最后合理排列珠子，得到42余2。

问题七：请计算62 × 42。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用6*10+2=62个珠子表示62，然后用4*10+2=42个珠子表示42，将两组珠子排列在一起，最后合理排列珠子，得到2604。

问题八：请计算939 - 425。

解答：用珠子进行计算，首先用9*10+3=93个珠子表示939，然后用4*10+2=42个珠子表示425，将两组珠子排列在一起，最后合理排列珠子，得到514。

神墨珠心算一阶段练习题

神墨珠心算一阶段练习题神墨珠心算是一种古老而神奇的计算方法，通过珠心算珠子的移动，能够快速准确地完成各种复杂的数学运算。

本文将提供一阶段的神墨珠心算练习题，帮助读者熟悉和掌握这一技巧。

1. 加法运算1.1 两位数加一位数a) 86 + 5 = ________b) 42 + 8 = ________c) 57 + 3 = ________1.2 两位数加两位数a) 24 + 18 = ________b) 68 + 47 = ________c) 92 + 35 = ________2. 减法运算2.1 两位数减一位数a) 75 - 4 = ________b) 38 - 7 = ________c) 52 - 3 = ________2.2 两位数减两位数b) 83 - 59 = ________c) 47 - 16 = ________3. 乘法运算3.1 一位数乘一位数a) 5 × 7 = ________b) 8 × 4 = ________c) 9 × 3 = ________3.2 一位数乘两位数a) 6 × 23 = ________b) 7 × 16 = ________c) 8 × 37 = ________4. 除法运算4.1 两位数除以一位数a) 45 ÷ 5 = ________b) 78 ÷ 6 = ________c) 92 ÷ 4 = ________4.2 两位数除以两位数b) 97 ÷ 17 = ________c) 64 ÷ 28 = ________5. 综合运算a) 36 + (8 × 5) - 19 = ________b) (47 - 6) × 3 ÷ 9 = ________c) 79 × 5 - 48 ÷ 8 = ________通过解答以上练习题，读者将能够熟悉和巩固神墨珠心算的基本运算方法。

《过程控制原理及应用》阶段练习题—1答案

《过程控制原理及应用》阶段练习题一1答案第一章控制系统的基本概念1.1.答：自动控制系统主要由被控对象、测量元件和变送器、调节器和执行器等环节组成。

自动控制系统中常用的术语包括：被控变量y、给定值y s、测量值y m、操纵变量m、干扰f、偏差信号e、控制信号u。

被控变量y：是指需要控制的工艺参数，是被控对象和控制系统的输出信号；给定值y s：生产过程中被控变量的期望值；测量值y m：由检测元件得到的被控变量的实际值；操纵（控制）变量m：用以实现干扰作用，实现控制作用的变量，是调节阀的输出信号；干扰f：引起被控变量偏离给定值的，除操纵变量以外的各种因素；偏差信号e：被控变量的给定值与测量值之差；控制信号u：调节器将偏差按一定规律计算得到的量。

1.2答：自动控制系统的方框图是由环节方块、信号线、比较点、分支点构成的表示控制系统组成和作用的图形。

控制系统的典型方框图如下：于干扰作用（干扰变给定值图1-1控制系统的方框图1.3答：①系统的方框图如图1-3所示。

②TT环节的输入信号：温度T,输出信号：T mTC环节的输入信号：偏差e,输出信号：控制信号u调节阀环节的输入信号：控制信号u,输出信号：操纵变量m 换热器环节的输入信号：操纵变量m和干扰f,输出信号：温度T整个系统的输入信号是热物料设定温度T SP和干扰f,输出信号是热物料出口温度T O*调节阀换热器图1-3换热器出口温度控制系统方框图③系统遇到干扰作用后，如冷物料流量突然增大△ q v,被控变量热物料出口温度T将下降，温度测量变送器TT测得信号T,与T S比较后得到偏差信号e,调节器TC根据e值的大小按照一定的控制规律计算得到控制信号u, 并送给调节阀，调节阀根据控制信号u改变阀门开度，调节蒸汽用量m,调节热物料的出口温度，使其回复到给定值附近。

1.4答：①贮槽液位控制系统的方框图如图1-5所示。

*调节阀图1-5贮槽液位控制系统方框图②在该液位系统中，被控对象贮槽;被控变量液位L;操纵变量调节阀控制的出水流量q v2；干扰作用贮槽入水流量q vi的变化1.5答：处于平衡状态下的自动控制系统，在受到干扰作用后，被控变量发生变化偏离给定值，这时调节器开始起调节作用，直到使被控变量回复到给定值附近范围内。

一年级语文阶段性练习题

一年级语文阶段性练习题一、汉字书写1. 请正确书写下列汉字，并注意笔顺。

- 人- 口- 日- 月2. 请将下列汉字按笔顺规则排序。

- 木、火、土、金、水二、拼音练习1. 请将下列汉字的拼音写在横线上。

- 马（）- 牛（）- 羊（）2. 请根据拼音写出对应的汉字。

- zhōng（）- xiǎo（）- niú（）三、词语填空1. 请在下列句子中填入合适的词语。

- 我（）了一只小狗。

- 妈妈给我买了一件（）衣服。

2. 请用“和”字造句。

四、句子理解1. 请解释下列句子的意思。

- “春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。

”2. 请用自己话复述下列句子。

- “床前明月光，疑是地上霜。

”五、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

短文：春天来了，小草从地里钻了出来，小花也开了。

小朋友们在草地上跑来跑去，玩得很开心。

1. 春天到了，小草和小花有什么变化？2. 小朋友们在做什么？六、看图写话观察下面的图片，写一段话描述图片中的情景。

[图片描述：一个小男孩在公园里放风筝，旁边有几只小鸟在飞。

]七、古诗文背诵请背诵以下古诗，并默写。

- 《春晓》春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。

夜来风雨声，花落知多少。

八、综合运用1. 请用“春天”、“小草”、“小花”、“开心”这几个词造一个句子。

2. 如果你是图片中的小男孩，你会对旁边的小鸟说什么？九、课外拓展1. 请列举你知道的几种春天开放的花。

2. 请描述一下你最喜欢的春天的活动。

十、自我评价请根据你完成练习的情况，给自己的表现打分，并简要说明原因。

[注：本练习题旨在帮助一年级学生复习和巩固语文基础知识，提高阅读和写作能力。

]。

《普通化学》阶段练习(1-4章)(4)

《普通化学》阶段练习试卷(1) (1～4章)一.判断题(正确者划“√”；错误者划“×”并改正之):1.可逆化学反应体系中，参加反应各物质的反应商总等于标准平衡常数。

( × )2.渗透压较高的溶液其物质的量浓度一定较大。

( × )3.温度变化对平衡常数的影响，因化学反应热效应的不同而不同。

( √ )4.如果从100mL1.0mol·L－1 NaCl溶液中取出10mL溶液，则该溶液中含0.01molNaCl。

(√ )5.胶体溶液可稳定存在，但它并不是热力学稳定体系。

(√ )6.某体系从始态经两个不同的变化途径到相同的终态，因为两过程的热效应Q和做功W都不相同，因而体系的热力学能改变值ΔU也不同。

( × )二.选择题(把正确答案的字母填在题后的括号内）：1.下列关于分散系概念的描述，错误的是( D )A、溶液属于分子分散系B、分散系包括均相体系和多相体系C、分散系可有液、固、气三种状态D、分散相粒子直径大于100nm的体系，称为胶体分散系2.CuCl2(s)+Cu(s)===2CuCl(s) △rHmo=170kJ·mol-1Cu(s) + Cl2(g)===CuCl2(s) △rHmo =-206 kJ·mol-1，则CuCl(s)的标准生成焓是( B )A.18 kJ·mol-1B.-18 kJ·mol-1C.-36 kJ·mol-1D.36 kJ·mol-13.在下列5种浓度相同的溶液中，渗透压最大的是( D )。

A、葡萄糖溶液B、NaCl溶液C、KCl溶液D、CaCl2溶液 E、蔗糖溶液4. 相同条件下，由相同反应物变为相同产物，反应分两步进行与一步完成相比，应该是( C )A.前者内能增加的多B. 前者放热多C.两者焓、熵、内能变化相同D.前者熵减少的多5. 已知Mg(s)+Cl2(g)==MgCl2(s),△rHm=-642Kj·mol-1则( D )A.在任何温度下,正向反应自发B.高温下,正向反应自发;低温下,正向反应不能自发C.在任何温度下,正向反应不能自发D.高温下,正向反应不能自发;低温下, 正向反应自发6.用理想半透膜将0.02mol·L-1蔗糖溶液和0.02mol·L-1 NaCl溶液隔开时，将会发生的现象是( E )。

辽宁省抚顺市新抚区2021-2022学年七年级上学期数学第一阶段练习(一)

抚顺市新抚区2021 2022 学年度(上)阶段练习（一）七年级数学考试时间: 90分钟试卷满分。

100 分考生的题时，必须将答案写在答题和上，养案写在试卷上无效。

一、选择题(每小题2分，共20分)1. 质检员抽查4个方便面，其中超过标准成量的克数记为正数，不足标准量的克数记为负数，从质量的角度看，最接近标准的产品是（）A.+1.5B. +0.6C. -2.5D. -0.52.有理数a ，b ，c 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，则a. b. c 的大小顺序是（）A. a ＜b ＜cB. a ＜c ＜bC. b ＜a ＜cD. c ＜b ＜a3.下列各组算式中，其值最小的是（）A. -(-3-2)2B. (-3)×(-2)C. (-3)2×(-2)D.(-3)2÷(-2)4. 如果有理数a ，b 满足a+b ＞0；ab ＜0, 则下到式子正确的是（）A.当a ＞0，b ＜0时，b a ＞B.当a ＜0，b ＞0时，b a ＜C. a ＞0, b ＞0D. a ＜0, b ＜05.下列各对数中，互为相反数的是（） A.4--和）（4-+ B.- (-4)和-(+4) C.（-4）2和-42 D. (-4)4和-446.一个数的立方等于它本身。

这个数是（▲）。

A. 0B.1C. -1，1D.-1，1，07.下列说法正确的是（▲）A.有理数的绝对值一定是正数;B.如果两个数的绝对值相等，那么这两个数相等;C.如果一个数是负数，那么这个数的绝对值是它的相反数D.绝对值越大，这个数就越大8.已知a,b 两数在数轴上对应的点如图所示，在下列结论中，①b ＞a ；②a+b ＞0；③a-b ＞0；④ab ＜0;⑤ab ＞0；正确的是（▲）9. 等边△ABC 在数轴上的位置如图所示，点A 、C 对应的数分别为0和－1，若△ABC 绕顶点沿顺时针方向在数轴上连续翻转，翻转1次后，点B 所对应的数为1，则连续翻转2021次后，则数2021对应的点为（）A.点AB. 点BC. 点CD.无法确定10. 求两位数的平方时，可以用“列竖式”的方法进行速算，求解过程如图所示．则第5个方框里最下面一行的数可能是（）A.1296B.2809C.3136D.4225二、填空题(每小题2分，共16分)11.在经过长达3个月的火星停泊轨道运行探测后，我国首次火星探测任务“天问一号”探测器于2021年5月15日稳稳降落在火星乌托邦平原南部的预选着陆区，迈出了我国星际探测征程的重要一步，火星作为地球的近邻，到地球的最近距离约为55000000千米，将55000000用科学记数法表示应为。