被动语态(2)

被动语态（2）5. 带双宾语、带复合宾语的动词以及带表语的连系动词带双宾语的动词：A1). give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. (给某人某物)2).offer sb sth= offer sth to sb (向某人主动提供某物)3).hand/ pass sb sth = hand / pass sth to sb (递给某人某物)4).tell sb sth =tell sth to sb (告诉某人某事)5).write sb. sth = write sth to sb (给某人写封信)6).show sb sth = show sth. to sb (给某人看某物)7).post sb. Sth. = post sth. to sb. (给某人邮寄某物)8).promise sb. Sth. = promise sth. to sb. (答应某人某事)9).sell sb. Sth. = sell sth. to sb. (卖某物给某人)10).send sb. Sth. = send sth. to sb. (送（寄给）给他一件礼物)11).return sb. Sth. = return sth. to sb. (还给某人某物)12).teach them a song (教某人一首歌)13).read sb. letter = read a letter to sb. (给他读一封信)14).wish sb. good luck.(祝愿某人交好运)15). bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物给某人带来16). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人17). supply sb sth.=supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物B1).buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. for sb. (给某人买某物)2).draw sb. a picture = draw a picture for sb. (给某人画画)3).make him a cake = make a cake for him (给他们做蛋糕)4).sing him a song = sing a song for him (给他唱首歌)5).provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物6).build sb a house = build a house for sb (给某人建造房子)7).borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物8). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人带复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)的动词：1).call him Jack.(叫他杰克)2).name Tom Little Monkey(叫汤姆小猴子)3).make him our manager(推选他担任我们的经理)4).make our country rich and strong(使我们的国家富强起来)5).make the children stay at home (使孩子们呆在家里)6).let him do the housework 让他干家务活)7).let the boy in/ out (让那个男孩进来、出去)8).have the machine running (让机器运转)9).have them work day and night(让他们日日夜夜干活)10).keep them waiting for a long time (让他们等很长时间)11).keep the students in their classroom (使学生在教室里)12).keep the room tidy and clean(保持房间整洁)13).find the door open(发现门是开着的)14). find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) the girl helping her mother do the housework (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到那个女孩在帮她妈妈干家务活)15) . find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) his father repair the computer (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到)他的父亲修好了电脑带表语的连系动词:1).look happy (显得, 看上去高兴)2).sound nice (听起来优美动听)3).taste terrible (吃起来，尝起来难吃)4).smell good (闻起来香)5).feel lucky(感到幸运)6).keep silent(保持安静)7).stay open(一直开着)8) .go hungry(挨饿)9).seem interesting(似乎有趣)10).The weather remains hot.(天气仍然很热)11). His dream came true.(他梦想成真)12).Our life is getting/ becoming better and better.(我们的生活变得越来越好)13). His face turned red.(他的脸变红了)14). The man grew angry. (那个人生气了)15). His father fell ill yesterday.他的父亲昨天生病了7. 带直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。

如： He gave the boy an apple. 他给了那个男孩一个苹果．→The boy was given an apple．/An apple was given to the boy一个苹果给了那个男孩Her father bought her a present她的父亲给她买了一件礼品．→She was bought a present by h er father．/A present was bought for her by her father. 由她的父亲给她买了一件礼品His father left him this house.他的父亲给他留下了这套房子. →This house was left (to) him by his father / He was left this house by his father 这套房子是他父亲留给他的。

7.带复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)的主动句改为被动语态1)、.带复合宾语的主动语态在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语位置不变。

如: We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。

→He is called Xiao Wang by us.他被我们叫做小王。

Tom Little Monkey他们叫汤姆小猴子。

→Tom was named Little Monkey by them. 汤姆被他们叫做小猴子。

We made him our manager. 我们推选他担任我们的经理。

→He was make our manager by us.他被我们推选为经理。

The teacher kept the students in their classroom. 老师把学生留在了教室里。

→The students were kept by the teacher in their classroom.学生被老师留在了教室里。

He cut his hair short.他剪短了头发。

→His hair was cut short.他的头发被剪短了。

They told him to help me.他们叫他帮助我。

→He was told t o help me(人们叫他帮助我)．2)、感官动词listen(听), hear(听见), see(看见), watch(观看), notice(注意), find(发现), observe(观察), feel(感觉), 使役动词let(让), make(使得), have(使，让)以及 help(帮助),在主动语态句子中，后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但如果改为被动语态，则需把省略的to加上。

The boss made my grandfather work 10 hours a day老板让我的爷爷每天工作10个小时. →My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.我的爷爷每天被迫工作10个小时。

They often heard the children sing in the next room.他们常常听见孩子们在隔壁唱歌。

→The children were often to sing in the next room常常听见孩子们在隔壁唱歌．3）含动词短语的主动语态句子，改为被动语态时，构成动词短语介词或副词不可遗漏。

We must take good care of the young trees.我们一定要照管好小树。

→The young trees must be taken good care of.小树一定要照管好。

4）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。

可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know(知道)，say(说)，believe(相信)，find(发现)，think(认为)，report(汇报，报告)等。

如：People believe(know/say/find/think /report)that he is ill(人们相信他生病了)．→It is believed(known/said/found/thought/reported) that he is ill(大家相信(众所周之/据说/有人发现/大家认为/据报道)他生病了)．（或：He is believed(known/said/ found/thought/reported) to be ill．）7．被动语态改为主动语态的方法：1).将被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语）2).将被动语态的谓语由被动语态改为主动语态。