被动语态2

被动语态2

I. 主动语态转换成被动语态时应注意的一些结构：

1. 双宾语结构（主语+谓语+间宾+直宾）

He gave me a pen.

1)I was given a pen. (用主动句中的间宾作主语)

2) A pen was given to me. (用主动句中的直宾作主语---注意：这种改法需要添加介词)

He showed me some photos.

1) I was shown some photos.

2) Some photos were shown to me.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

They lent me some money.

She bought them some apples.

Father has told us the story.

2. 宾补结构(主语+谓语+宾语+补语)

2.1 现在分词作宾补：

We found him lying in bed.

He was found lying in bed.

I saw John watching TV in his room.

John was seen watching TV in his room.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

Someone saw David playing football at the playground.

Someone found Jimmy dating with a pretty girl.

2.2 不定式作宾补：

The teacher encouraged us to work hard at English.

We were encouraged to work hard at English.

The policeman didn’t allow the driver to park his car there.

The driver wasn’t allowed to park his car there.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

Jim’s parents asked him to clean the kitchen.

The school authority requests the students to wear school uniforms.

The company required the candidates to present themselves 15 minutes before the interview begins.

注意：

感官动词(see, hear, etc.)或使役动词(make, let, have, etc.)通常可用省略了to的不定式做宾补。这种结构变为被动语态后，补语要加上不定式的符号to.

She saw the boy fall from the ladder.

The boy was seen to fall from the ladder.

I heard them go upstairs.

They were heard to go upstairs.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

The teacher made the boy stand at the corner.

We saw him dance.

I didn’t let him go there alone.

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.

2.3 形容词/名词做宾补：

We consider computers very useful.

Computers are considered very useful.

I found him a bright boy.

He was found (to be) a bright boy.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

He painted the door green.

We found the window broken.

3. 动词短语(动词+副词或动词+ 介词)

---在改为被动结构后，短语中的副词/介词要保留.

Her aunt brought Jim up. / Her aunt brought up Jim.

Jim was brought up by her aunt.

A thief broke into the bank last night.

The bank was broken into last night.

We shouldn’t look down upon the poor boy.

The poor boy shouldn’t be looked down upon.

You should pay attention to these rules.

These rules should be paid attention to.

Attention should be paid to these rules.

This has never been heard of before.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：

We all listened carefully to him.

The boys are laughing at him.

You must take good care of the book.

A guest of wind blew the tent down.

注意：部分没有被动语态的的动词/动词短语：

In the 1900’s, great changes have taken place/happened in China.

The accident happened in 1678.

In recent years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media.

The war broke out in 1861.

A fire broke out suddenly in the warehouse last night.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

4. 带有that引导的宾语从句的句子，改为被动结构时，可改为1）形式主语it引导的名词性从句, 或2）带不定式的被动句.

We know that Britain is an island country.

1）It is known that Britain is an island country.

= 2) Britain is known to be an island country.

People believe that he will win the election.

1) It is believed that he will win the election.

= 2) He is believed to win the election.

Some people say that Tim is very rich.

1) It is said that Tim is very rich.

= 2) Tim is said to be very rich.

John thought that she was attractive.

1)It was thought that she was attractive.

=2) She was thought to be attractive.

附：适用于这种结构的动词主要有—

1）引述动词：report, say, report, state, announce, agree, etc;

2）观点动词：think, consider, know, claim, agree, assume, etc;

3）建议动词：suggest, advise, recommend, etc;

4）愿望动词：wish, hope, expect, etc.

请仿照例子改写以下的句子：