《富贵不能淫》《从容就义》阅读练习及答案
三、古诗文阅读（16分）
(一）文言文阅读。阅读下文，完成10 -14题。（11分）
(甲）富贵不能淫
居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道；得志，与民由之；不得志，独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。 (选自《孟子译注》）
(乙）从容就义
天祥将出狱，即为绝笔自赞①，系之衣带间。其词曰：“孔曰成仁，孟云取义；惟其义尽，所以仁至。读圣贤书，所学何事！而今而后，庶几②无愧！”过市，意气扬扬自若，观者如堵③。临刑，从容谓吏曰：“吾事毕矣。”问市人孰为南北，南面再拜就死。俄有使使止之，至则死矣。见闻者无不流涕。(选自《文山先生全集》）【注】①自赞：自我总结。②庶几：差不多。③观者如堵：围观人的多得像一道墙。
10. 下列句子中“其”字的用法，不同于其他三项的是（）(2 分)
A.独行其道
B.其真无马邪？
C.河伯始旋其面目
D.其词曰：“孔曰成仁，孟云取义。”
11.下列加点词解释的有误一项是（）（2分）
A.贫贱不能移(移动)
B.见闻者无不流涕(眼泪）
C.此之谓大丈夫（称作）
D.俄有使使止之(不久）
12. 以甲、乙两文为据，下列表述有误的一项是( )(2 分)
A.甲文运用了排比的修辞手法，行文流畅，富有气势。
B.文天祥临刑之际自作绝笔，系之衣带间，这表明他早有赴死之心。
C.孟子认为大丈夫应该具有坚定的信念和崇高的精神追求。
D.“见闻者无不流涕”一句，描绘“观者”的反应，是为了表现他们的痛惜之情。
13.请将“问市人孰为南北，南面再拜就死”一句翻译成现代汉语。（2分）
译文：
14. 孟子关于“大丈夫”的著名论断，在文天祥身上，是如何体现的？（3分）
答案：
10.B
【解析】本题考查考生对文言虚词意思的辨析能力。 A、C、D三项中的“其”均为第三人称代词，译为“他（她，它）的”或“他（她，它）们的”；B项，“其”是副词。表示反诘。译为“岂，难道”。
11.A
【解析】本题考查考生对重点文言词语意思的把握：A项，“移”在这里是“动摇”的意思。
12.D
【解析】本题考查考生对文意的理解和把握：D项，“是为了表现他们的痛惜之情”表述有误，应是：为了表现文天祥从容就义的气节。
13.问集市上（围观）的人何处是南，何处是北，面向南方拜了又拜，然后受刑而死。
14.文天祥被俘后面对死亡，面对威逼利诱，一身浩然正气，从容就义，正是孟子“大丈夫”论断中“威武不能屈”的体现。
【参考译文】
【甲】住在天下最宽广的住宅（仁）里，站在天下最中正的位置（礼）上，走在天下最开阔的大路（义）上；得志的时候，和老百姓一道走；不得志的时候，自己走自己的路。富贵不能使他骄狂，贫贱不能改变他的心志，威武不能使他屈服，这样才叫作大丈夫。
【乙】文天祥将被押出监狱前，就写下遗书自我总结，桂在衣带间。那文词写着：“孔子说杀身成仁，孟子说舍生取义，（因为）已经尽了人臣的责任，所以达成了仁德。读古代圣贤的书，所学的（不是成仁取义的事又）是什么事呢？从今以后，我差不多就没有愧疚了！”（他被）押过集市时，精神得意，如往常一样。围观的人多得像一道墙。即将受刑时，他不慌不忙地向执刑的官吏说：“我的事都已经做完了。”问集市上（围观）的人何处是南，何处是北，面向南方拜了又拜，然后受刑而死。不久，有使者（前来传令）让行刑停止，到达时（文天祥）已经死了。看到、听到的人，没有不伤心流泪的。
《孟子三章——富贵不能淫》同步练习题附答案
富贵不能淫 1. 下列短语中，加点字的读音有错的一项是( ) A．丈夫之冠(guàn) 荷担者三夫(hè) B．无穷匮也(kuì) 一厝朔东(cuò) C．军士吏被甲(bèi) 将军亚夫持兵揖曰(yī) D．可得而犯邪(yé) 折戟沉沙铁未销(jǐ) 2. 从传统文化的角度来看，下列表述不正确的一项是( ) A．古代男子十八岁行冠礼，表示成年。因体犹未壮，故又称“弱冠”。 B．在古代，名是婴儿出生几个月由父亲取的，字是男子举行冠礼时取的，女子则在十五岁行笄礼得字。 C．古代女子出嫁称“出阁”或者“归”，如《诗经》中就有“之子于归”一说，其中“归”就是指女子出嫁。 D．儒家“五常”指“仁、义、礼、智、信”。孔子提出“仁、义、礼、智”，董仲舒扩充为“仁、义、礼、智、信”。 3. 解释下列句子中加点的词。 (1)安居而天下熄 (2)丈夫之冠也，父命之 (3)以顺为正者 (4)富贵不能淫 4. 翻译句子。 (1)一怒而诸侯惧，安居而天下熄。
(2)得志，与民由之；不得志，独行其道。 5. 孟子说：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”文中哪句话与这句话的意思相近？ 6. 孟子否定景春的理由是什么？ 7. 说一说“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”的现实意义。 8. 古代年龄的称谓中，襁褓是借指。豆蔻是指子岁。弱冠是指子岁。 阅读下面的文言文，回答问题，完成9-12题。 得道多助，失道寡助 天时不如地利，地利不如人和。三里之城，七里之郭，环而攻之而不胜。夫环而攻之，必有得天时者矣，然而不胜者，是天时不如地利也。城非不高也，池非不深也，兵革非不坚利也，米粟非不多也，委而去之，是地利不如人和也。故曰，域民不以封疆之界，固国不以山溪之险，威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助，失道者寡助。寡助之至，亲戚畔之。多助之至，天下顺之。以天下之所顺，攻亲戚之所畔，故君子有不战，战必胜矣。 (选自《孟子·公孙丑下》) 9．下列句子中加点词的解释有误的一项是( ) A．米粟非不多也(粮食) B．委而去之(放弃) C．亲戚畔之(同“叛”，背叛) D．域民不以封疆之界(在一定疆界内的地方)
2014年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（6）
1. A European spacecraft took off today to spearhead the search for another "Earth" among the stars. 2. The Corot space telescope blasted off aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan shortly after 2.20pm. 3. Corot， short for convection rotation and planetary transits， is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system. Any such planet situated in the right orbit stands a good chance of having liquid water on its surface， and quite possibly life， although a leading scientist involved in the project said it was unlikely to find "any little green men". 4. Developed by the French space agency， CNES， and partnered by the European Space Agency (ESA)， Austria， Belgium， Germany， Brazil and Spain， Corot will monitor around 120，000 stars with its 27cm telescope from a polar orbit 514 miles above the Earth. Over two and a half years， it will focus on five to six different areas of the sky， measuring the brightness of about 10，000 stars every 512 seconds. 5. "At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats. We are looking at habitable planets， not inhabited planets. We are not going to find any little green men，" Professor Ian Roxburgh， an ESA scientist who has been involved with Corot since its inception， told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme. 6. Prof Roxburgh said it was hoped Corot would find "rocky planets that could develop an atmosphere and， if they are the right distance from their parent star，they could have water". 7. To search for planets， the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star， known as a "transit". Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water， Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses.
2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析三
Time to cool it 1 REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology： solid， reliable and just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century， but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it， and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and， as air conditioners， cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world， however， demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them. 2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change： attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by， for example， a person， and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists， however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down. 3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko， of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film， he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications. 4 As to what those applications might be， Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has， nevertheless， set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money， though， may be in cooling computers. 5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law， which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months， is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact， it more than doubles， because besides increasing in number，the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor， so the faster the processor is， the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company，Intel， in 1993， ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second. 6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃， they
《富贵不能淫》《从容就义》阅读练习及答案
三、古诗文阅读（16分） (一）文言文阅读。阅读下文，完成10 -14题。（11分） (甲）富贵不能淫 居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道；得志，与民由之；不得志，独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。 (选自《孟子译注》） (乙）从容就义 天祥将出狱，即为绝笔自赞①，系之衣带间。其词曰：“孔曰成仁，孟云取义；惟其义尽，所以仁至。读圣贤书，所学何事！而今而后，庶几②无愧！”过市，意气扬扬自若，观者如堵③。临刑，从容谓吏曰：“吾事毕矣。”问市人孰为南北，南面再拜就死。俄有使使止之，至则死矣。见闻者无不流涕。(选自《文山先生全集》）【注】①自赞：自我总结。②庶几：差不多。③观者如堵：围观人的多得像一道墙。 10. 下列句子中“其”字的用法，不同于其他三项的是（）(2 分) A.独行其道 B.其真无马邪？ C.河伯始旋其面目 D.其词曰：“孔曰成仁，孟云取义。” 11.下列加点词解释的有误一项是（）（2分） A.贫贱不能移(移动) B.见闻者无不流涕(眼泪） C.此之谓大丈夫（称作） D.俄有使使止之(不久） 12. 以甲、乙两文为据，下列表述有误的一项是( )(2 分) A.甲文运用了排比的修辞手法，行文流畅，富有气势。 B.文天祥临刑之际自作绝笔，系之衣带间，这表明他早有赴死之心。 C.孟子认为大丈夫应该具有坚定的信念和崇高的精神追求。 D.“见闻者无不流涕”一句，描绘“观者”的反应，是为了表现他们的痛惜之情。 13.请将“问市人孰为南北，南面再拜就死”一句翻译成现代汉语。（2分） 译文： 14. 孟子关于“大丈夫”的著名论断，在文天祥身上，是如何体现的？（3分） 答案： 10.B 【解析】本题考查考生对文言虚词意思的辨析能力。 A、C、D三项中的“其”均为第三人称代词，译为“他（她，它）的”或“他（她，它）们的”；B项，“其”是副词。表示反诘。译为“岂，难道”。 11.A 【解析】本题考查考生对重点文言词语意思的把握：A项，“移”在这里是“动摇”的意思。 12.D 【解析】本题考查考生对文意的理解和把握：D项，“是为了表现他们的痛惜之情”表述有误，应是：为了表现文天祥从容就义的气节。 13.问集市上（围观）的人何处是南，何处是北，面向南方拜了又拜，然后受刑而死。 14.文天祥被俘后面对死亡，面对威逼利诱，一身浩然正气，从容就义，正是孟子“大丈夫”论断中“威武不能屈”的体现。 【参考译文】 【甲】住在天下最宽广的住宅（仁）里，站在天下最中正的位置（礼）上，走在天下最开阔的大路（义）上；得志的时候，和老百姓一道走；不得志的时候，自己走自己的路。富贵不能使他骄狂，贫贱不能改变他的心志，威武不能使他屈服，这样才叫作大丈夫。 【乙】文天祥将被押出监狱前，就写下遗书自我总结，桂在衣带间。那文词写着：“孔子说杀身成仁，孟子说舍生取义，（因为）已经尽了人臣的责任，所以达成了仁德。读古代圣贤的书，所学的（不是成仁取义的事又）是什么事呢？从今以后，我差不多就没有愧疚了！”（他被）押过集市时，精神得意，如往常一样。围观的人多得像一道墙。即将受刑时，他不慌不忙地向执刑的官吏说：“我的事都已经做完了。”问集市上（围观）的人何处是南，何处是北，面向南方拜了又拜，然后受刑而死。不久，有使者（前来传令）让行刑停止，到达时（文天祥）已经死了。看到、听到的人，没有不伤心流泪的。
雅思阅读练习题及答案
雅思阅读练习题及答案 ★Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007. Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in 2006 the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards
《富贵不能淫》中考综合复习题及答案【部编版八上第22课】
《富贵不能淫》中考综合复习题及答案【部编版八上第22课】 班级：姓名： 说明：根据习题难易度，分A卷和B卷，B卷选择题涉及全六册古文知识点。 一、A卷：夯实基础类题型：【重点注释默写】【重点句子翻译】【课内简答题】 二、B卷：能力提升类题型：【理解性默写】【文言现象：通假字、古今异义、词类活用、一词多义、文言句式】【选择题】【课外文言文阅读】 A卷：夯实基础 一、重点课下注释默写： 1、【诚】 2、【大丈夫】 3、【天下熄】 4、【焉】 5、【丈夫之冠】 【冠】， 6、【父命之】【命】， 7、【戒】 8、【女家】【女】，9、【夫子】 10、【正】 11、【居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之太道】 12、【与民由之】 【由】， 13、【独行其道】 14、【淫】 15、【移】 16、【屈】 二、重点句子翻译： 1、公孙衍、张仪岂不诚大丈夫哉？一怒而诸侯惧，安居而天下熄。翻译： 2、是焉得为大丈夫乎？子未学礼乎？ 翻译：
3、丈夫之冠也，父命之； 翻译： 4、往之女家，必敬必戒，无违夫子！ 翻译： 5、以顺为正者，妾妇之道也。 翻译： 6、居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。 翻译： 7、得志，与民由之；不得志，独行其道。 翻译： 8、富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。” 翻译： 三、课内简答题： 1、孟子(约前372年～约前289年)，名，字，时期 家、家，是家思想的代表人物。孟子继承并发扬了孔子的思想，后世常以“孔孟”并称，尊称孟子为“”。 2、《孟子》是记录的著作，共七篇一般认为编著。与、 、合称“四书”。《富贵不能淫》选自。 3、请简要分析景春心目中的大丈夫形象。 4、请对比分析孟子所说的“妾妇之道”和“大丈夫之道”的不同。 5、孟子否定景春的理由是什么？举例说明你对大丈夫的理解。
富贵不能淫练习题及答案
《富贵不能淫》习题 1、孟子(约前372年～约前289年)，名，字，时期家、家，是家思想的代表人物。孟子继承并发扬了孔子的思想，后世常以“孔孟”并称，尊称孟子为“”。 2、《孟子》是记录的著作，共七篇一般认为编著。与、、合称“四书”。《富贵不能淫》选自。 3、给加点字注音 轲．（）邹．人（）淫．（）公孙衍．（）丈夫之冠．（）衣冠．（）4、在相对应的空隙处解释加点词，翻译划线句。 而天下熄。” 景春曰：“公孙衍、张仪岂．不诚．大丈夫哉？一怒而诸侯惧，安居 ．． 乎？子．未学礼乎？丈夫之冠．也，父命．之； 孟子曰：“是焉得为大丈夫 ．．． 女子之嫁也，母命之，往送之门，戒．之曰：‘往之女．家，必敬必戒．， 无违夫子 ！’以顺为正．者，妾妇之道也。居．天下之广居．，立天下之正 ．． 位，行天下之大道。得志，与民由．之；不得志，独行．其道．。富贵不能 淫．，贫贱不能移．，威武不能屈．，此之谓大丈夫。”
5.请简要分析景春心目中的大丈夫形象。 6.请对比分析孟子所说的“妾妇之道”和“大丈夫之道”的不同。 7. 孟子否定景春的理由是什么？举例说明你对大丈夫的理解。 8．“是焉得为大丈夫乎”和“此之谓大丈夫”句中的“是”和“此”各指代什么？9．孟子说：“穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下”。文中哪句话与这句话的意思相近？10．孟子认为，大丈夫怎样才能做到“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”？试用自己的话作答。 11.说一说“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”的现实意义。 12.公孙衍、张仪非大丈夫的原因？ 《富贵不能淫》语言积累与运用 （2）通假字 往之女．家“女”通“汝”,你的意思。 通假字在古汉语中普遍存在。由于其用字的特殊性，一定程度上会造成理解困难。掌握通假字可从以下两点着手： ①利用语音语义掌握通假字：语音是通假字和本字联系的纽带，通假字按本字的音读，按本字的意义理解，利于掌握。 ②注意形声字的结构规律,利用字形掌握通假字: A.增加偏旁，找出本字。例：徐公来，孰视之，自叹为不如。孰——熟 B.更换偏旁，找出本字。例：当窗理云鬓，对镜帖花黄。贴——贴 C.取消偏旁，找出本字。例：往之女家。女——汝 (3)古今异义 丈夫 ．．之冠也
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雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（2）
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2017年雅思考试阅读练习试题附答案
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富贵不能淫 练习题及答案
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雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（4）
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2019年雅思考试阅读理解提分训练试题及答案(三篇).doc
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