热能与动力工程专业英语.doc
热能与动力工程专业英语
因此，朗肯循环的热效率 n 是
(1-2).
所需的输出，即除以能量输入 (购买能源)。
Obviously,the thermal efficiency can be improved by increasing the numerator or by decreasing the denominator. This can be done by increasing the pump outlet pressure P2, increasing the boiler outlet temperature T3 or decreasing the turbine outlet pressure P4.
显然，通过增加分子或通过减小分母可以提高热效率。这可以通过增加泵出口压力 P2，锅炉出口温度 T3 的增加或减少涡轮出口压力 P4。
1.1。8 再热循环
很明显与高锅炉压力或低凝汽器压力朗肯循环中运行时很难防止液滴在低压涡轮的部分形成。由于大多数金属不能经受温度约 600 以上，再热周期通常用于防止液体滴形成： 蒸汽涡轮机穿越在一些中间的压力，从而提高 5 中的状态 T 的图图 1-6 的温度加热。然后的蒸汽涡轮低压条经过和进入状态 6 冷凝器。这控制或完全消除了在涡轮中的水分问题。通常，涡轮分为高压涡轮和低压涡轮。再热循环不会显著影响热效率的周期，但它不会导致重大的额外工作输出，表示在图中的地区 4-5-6-4' 的图 1-6-4。再热循环要求额外的设备，在重大的投资和使用这类设备必须是从事经济工作增加的输出的 justifled。如果再热不用于避免液滴形成，凝汽器压力必须相当高，这会导致较低循环效率。在这个意义上，再热显著增大时没有再热，但较高的凝汽器压力相比，周期循环效率。
热能与动力工程专业英语重点 原版
1.开口系统：与外界既有物质交换又有能量交换，把研究对象控制在某个空间。
---定容积系统 An Open system (or a control volume 控制体积）is a properly selected region in space. Both mass and energy can cross the boundary of a control volume.such as, A Water heater, a turbine and a compressor, etc2.闭口系统：系统与外界只有能量（功量、热量）的交换而无质量交换。
——定质量系统A Closed system (a control mass 控制质量) consists of a fixed amount of mass, and no mass can cross its boundary. That is, no mass enters or leave a closed system.such as, Piston-cylinder device (汽缸-活塞装置）3.绝热系统：系统与外界只有功量和质量的交换，而无热量的交换。
Adiabatic system is that no heat cross the boundary or heat is negligible compared with work cross the boundary4.孤立系统：系统与外界既无能量交换又无质量交换，即系统与环境不发生任何作用。
Isolated system is a special case that no mass and energy cross the boundary.5.热力学第一定律：自然界一切物体都具有能量，能量有各种不同形式，它能从一种形式转化为另一种形式，从一个物体传递给另一个物体，在转化和传递过程中能量的总和不变。
热能与动力工程专业英语-1-SDU
考察方式
最终成绩以平时表现和期末成绩为准 比例20%+80% 闭卷考试
Chapter 1 Intro to thermal sciences New words
Acoustic flowmeter 声波流量计 Adiabatic 绝热的 Aerodynamics 空气动力学 Affiliation 联系 Airfoil 机翼，螺旋桨 Alternative fuel 替代燃料 Anemometer [.æ ni‵mɔmitə] 风速计， 风力计
New words
Equilibrium 平衡 均衡 Fluid mechanics 流体力学 Forced convection 强制对流 Free convection 自然对流 Friction loss 摩擦损失 Glass ceramic 微晶玻璃，玻璃陶瓷 Heat engine 热机 Heat pump 热泵 Hydrofoil 水翼，水翼艇[英] [`haɪdrə.fɔɪl]
2012专业外语
授课教师： 赵红霞
授课内容
以阎维平 柳成文 主编的 《专业英语》 为 参考教材 课堂上尽量采用主动式交互式学习方式 尽量提高学生的口头英语表达能力
教学要求
掌握常见的英文热动制冷专业词汇 注意中英文之间的联系和对应 能够将中文科技资料翻译成英文 能够将英文资料翻译成中文
New words
Vortex shedding 漩涡脱落 Water faucet 水龙头，水嘴[`fɔ:sɪt]
Abbreviations
热能与动力工程专业英语-翻译(李瑞扬)
热能与动力工程专业英语-翻译(李瑞扬)1.3 The Characteristics of Fluids 流体的特征constituent：组成的；tangential：切向的；restrain：限制、约束；equilibrium：平衡，均衡；interface：相互关系、分界面；molecule：微小颗粒、分子；continuum：连续体；vessel：容器；tar：焦油、柏油；pitch：树脂；imperceptibly：察觉不到的，细微的；restore：恢复；subside：下沉、沉淀、减退、衰减；hypothetically：假设地、假想地；sphere：球、球体；microvolume：微元体积；rarest：最稀罕的，虽珍贵的A fluid is a substance which may flow; that is, its constituent particles may continuously change their positions relative to one another. Moreover, it offers no lasting resistance tothe displacement, however great, of one layer over another. This means that, if the fluid is at rest, no shear force (that is a force tangential to the surface on which it acts )can exist in it. A solid, on the other hand, can resist a shear force while at rest; the shear force may cause some displacement of one layer over another, but the material does not continue to move indefinitely. In a fluid, however, shear forces are possible only while relative movement between layers is actually taking place. A fluid is further distinguished from a solid in that a given amount of it owes its shape at any particular time to that of a vessel containing it, or to forces which in some way restrain its movement. 流体是可以流动的物质，也就是说，组成流体的质点可以连续的改变它们的相对位置。
热能与动力工程专业英语词汇大全
热能工程专业英语ability 能力ABNORMAL ABN 不规则的abnormal operating condition 异常工况abort 中断,停止ABOVE ABV 在……上面abrader 研磨,磨石,研磨工具abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrupt change 突变absence 失去Absence of brush 无(碳)刷Absolute ABS 绝对的absolute expansion 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE EXPANSION ABS X 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE PRESSURE ABS P 绝对压力Absolute atmosphere ATA 绝对大气压absorb 吸收ABSORBER ASB 阻尼器吸收器absorptance 吸收比,吸收率AC Lub oil pump 交流润滑油泵acceleration 加速acceleration limiter 加速度限制器accelerator 加速器accept 接受acceptance test 验收试验access 通道accident ACCD 事故accommodate 容纳accomplish 完成,达到accumulate 累积accumulator 蓄能器accumulator 蓄电池,累加器ACCUMULATOR ACM 收集(累加)器本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
Accumulator battery 蓄电池组accuracy 精确度，准确度acid 酸性,酸的acid cleaning 酸洗ACID CLEANING ACD CLG 酸清洗Acid washing 酸洗ACIDIC ACID ACD 酸化学物质acknowledge ACK 确认acquisition 发现,取得act ACT 动作action 动作，行为active ACTIVE 激励active current 有功电流active power 有效功率active zone 有效区active power A_PW 有功功率actual value 实际值actuator 驱动器additional safeguard oil 附加保安油address 地址adequate 适当的，充分的ADJACENT ADJ. 相邻的ADJACENT BOILER ADJ. BLR 邻炉adjust 调整，校正adjustable fan blade 可调扇页adjustable key 可调整销adjusting ADJ 调整adjustment 调整，调节admission steam 进汽Admission mode 进汽方式adopt 采用Aerial line 天线aerodynamic loss 空气动力损失本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
热能与动力工程专业英语1
(Heat transfer is the science)传热学是一门试图预测热量传递可以发生在温差存在的两个物体之间的科学。
(Thermodynamics teaches that this)热力学告诉我们能量的传递以热量的形式。
传热学不仅可以解释热能怎样被传送,同样可以预测在某种特殊的情况下产生的热交换率。
实际上热交换率的客观分析指出了传热学和热力学之间的差异。
热力学研究对象是处于平衡状态的系统,他可能被用于预测一个系统从一种平衡状态改变到另一种状态所需要的能量的多少,他可能不被用于预测发生在非平衡状态下的系统的热的交换量有多快。
传热学通过提供了可以作为科学中的热力学被用作传热项目基础的实验法则是非常简单的并且容易扩展到各种各样的实际情况当中。
(When a temperature gradient)当温度梯度存在于一个物体中时,经验显示能量将会从高温区域传递到低温区域,我们说能量是通过导热传递并且单位面积的传热效率于法向温度梯度成正比。
(When a fluid at rest or in motion)当流体以不同的温度与一块平板的表面接触且处于静止或运动时据热力学法则规定能量将朝低温区域流动,我们说热量被交换走了并且我们把这个过程称为对流换热过程。
(For both situations shown in fig,1.2)对于表1.2所示的两种情况我们用牛顿冷却定律来表述对流的整体作用。
(The temperature Tw is that)温度Tw是直接与平板表面接触的温度,温度T∞是为了确保平板表面温度不产生明显影响而使流体远离平板表面的所在区域的温度,面积A是与流体接触的表面区域,并且我们应该注意A与热流方向垂直。
比例因子h被叫做传热系数(也是单位面积的导热量或对流换热量)并且取决于几何布置、方向和表面状况(光滑或粗糙)、还有流体的物性和速度。
(There are two convection modes)有两种对流换热模型:强制对流换热和自然对流换热,如果一块被加热的平板暴露一个周围没有额外动因的房子里,空气的流动将经验的被认为是平板附近存在密度梯度的结果,我们称之为自然对流或是无常对流,强制对流与此相反,经验的认为是在风扇吧空气吹到平板上的情况。
热能与动力工程专业英语词汇大全
热能与动力工程专业英语词汇大全文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-热能工程专业英语ability 能力ABNORMAL ABN 不规则的abnormal operating condition 异常工况abort 中断,停止ABOVE ABV 在……上面abrader 研磨,磨石,研磨工具abrasion resistance 耐磨性abrupt change 突变absence 失去Absence of brush 无(碳)刷Absolute ABS 绝对的absolute expansion 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE EXPANSION ABS X 绝对膨胀ABSOLUTE PRESSUREABS P 绝对压力Absolute atmosphereATA 绝对大气压absorb 吸收ABSORBER ASB 阻尼器吸收器absorptance 吸收比,吸收率AC Lub oil pump 交流润滑油泵acceleration 加速accelerationlimiter 加速度限制器accelerator 加速器accept 接受acceptance test 验收试验access 通道accident ACCD 事故accommodate 容纳accomplish 完成,达到accumulate 累积accumulator 蓄能器accumulator 蓄电池,累加器ACCUMULATOR ACM 收集(累加)器本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
Accumulator battery蓄电池组accuracy 精确度，准确度acid 酸性,酸的acid cleaning 酸洗ACID CLEANING ACDCLG 酸清洗Acid washing 酸洗ACIDIC ACID ACD 酸化学物质acknowledge ACK 确认acquisition 发现,取得act ACT 动作action 动作，行为active ACTIVE 激励active current 有功电流active power 有效功率active zone 有效区active power A_PW 有功功率actual value 实际值actuator 驱动器additional safeguard oil 附加保安油address 地址adequate 适当的，充分的ADJACENT ADJ. 相邻的ADJACENT BOILER ADJ.BLR 邻炉adjust 调整，校正adjustable fanblade 可调扇页adjustable key 可调整销adjusting ADJ 调整adjustment 调整，调节admission steam 进汽Admission mode 进汽方式adopt 采用Aerial line 天线aerodynamic loss 空气动力损失本资料为网络资料整理，只供学习交流使用，不做商业用途。
热能工程专业英语
热能工程专业英语Aadiabatic process －绝热过程aero engine －航空发动机afterburner －加力燃烧室air fuel ratio －空燃比air conditioning －空调aviation fuel －航空燃料Bboiling －沸腾Brayton cycle －布雷顿循环Ccapacity －功率，容量carburetor －化油器combustion －燃烧combustion chamber －燃烧室compressor －压气机condenser －冷凝器crank case －曲轴箱cylinder －气缸Ddiesel engine －柴油机diffuser －扩压器dry satured steam －干饱和蒸汽Eejector －喷射器engine －引擎enthalpy －焓entropy －熵evaporation －蒸发exhaust －废气Ffan －风机feed water －供水fundamental interval －基本间隔Ggas turbine －燃气轮机gas generator －燃气发生器generator －发电机guided missile －导弹Hheat －热heat pump －热泵Iimpeller －叶轮internal energy －内能intercooler －中间冷却器isothermal process －等温过程Jjet engine －喷气发动机KKelvin scale －开尔文刻度kinetic energy －动能Llatent heat －潜热Pphase －相piston －活塞power output －功率输出pressure －压强pressure ratio －压力比prime mover －原动机Sscavengine －扫气SFC=Specific Fuel Consumption －燃油消耗率stability －稳定性stator －定子stroke －冲程superheated steam －过热蒸汽Ttemperature －温度thermal capacity －热容量thermal efficiency －热效率thermal equilibrium －热平衡thermodynamics －热力学thermodynamic cycle －热力学循环thermometer －温度计thermometry －计温学turbofan －涡轮风扇发动机turboprop －涡轮螺桨发动机two-stage turbocharger －两级涡轮增压器Vvacuum －真空viscosity －粘性Wwaste-heat recovery －废热回收wet steam －湿蒸汽Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics －南京航空航天大学College of Energy & Power Engineering －能源与动力工程学院Thermal Energy and Dynamic Engineering －热能与动力工程Engineering Thermodynamics －工程热物理major ＝specialty －专业。
热能与动力工程专业英语常用词汇
零电位
zero potential
按钮
button
漏电
electric leakage
电压
voltage
母线
bus, busbar
电流
current
测电笔
test pencil
电流强度
current intensity
验电器
electroscope
电阻
resistance
匝数
number of turns
燃烧
combustion
水压试验
hydraulic test
负压
negative pressure
点火
ignition
正压
positive pressure
着火点
firing point, ignition temperature
冷风
cold air
锅炉上水
boiler water filling
热风
伸缩节
expansion joint
灰浆泵
ash slurry pump
风管道
air piping
保温材料
heat-insulating material
除灰管道
ash piping
稳定燃烧
stable combustion
烟囱
chimney, stack
支吊架
supports and hangers
开启
opening
再热蒸汽冷段压力
cold reheated steam pressure
关闭
closing
再热蒸汽热段压力
hot reheated steam pressure
最新热能与动力工程专业英语(整理版)
热能与动力工程Thermal Energy and Power Engineering材料与能源学院：Institute of Materials and Energy空调制冷：refrigeration and air conditioning热传导：thermol conduction学生毕业后能胜任现代火力发电厂,制冷与低温工程及相关的热能与动力工程专业的技术与管理工作,并能从事其它能源动力领域的专门技术工作.The graduates may find employment of technology and management in the fields of the Thermal Energy &Power Engineering (TEPE) and its relevance, such as modern power plant or the Refrigeration and Cryogenics Engineering (RCE), the graduates may also engaged in the special technique in the fields related to TEPE.现代空气动力学、流体力学、热力学、水力学以及航空航天工程、水利水电工程、热能工程、流体机械工程都提出了一系列复杂流动问题,其中包括高速流、低速流、管道流、燃烧流、冲击流、振荡流、涡流、湍流、旋转流、多相流等等A series of complicated flow problems have been posed in modern fluid mechanics, aero dynamics, thermodynamics, and aeronautical and aerospace engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, heat energy engineering, fluid machinery engineering, and so on, and they cover high-speed flow, low-speed flow, eddy flow, turbulent flow, burning flow, impact flow, oscillating flow, backflow, and two-phase flow, etc.In the thermal engineering, the studied objects normally are isolated from one another and then we try to analysis the change and interaction, the studied objects isolated is named thermodynamic system.在热力工程中，通常将研究对象分离出来再分析其变化及（与外界）的相互作用，该对象即热力系统。
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译4.8
4.8The major pieces of equipment required to complete the air-conditioning cycle are listed as follows:①Fan. ②Supply ducts.③Supply outlets.④Space to be conditioned.⑤Returnoutlets.⑥Returnducts.⑦Filter.⑧Heating coil(Combustion chamber) or cooling coil.完成空调循环的主要设备如下所示：风机，送风管，送风口，被调空间，回风口，过滤器，加热盘管（燃烧室）或冷却盘管。
The purpose and function of each of these components are covered in the following sections.这些组成部件中的每一个的目的和用途在下面的文章中都将会涉及到。
Fan 风机The fan moves air to and from an enclosed space. In an air-conditioning system,the fan moves air that consists of:①All outdoor air.②All indoor or room air(This is also called recirculated air).③A combination of outdoor and indoor air.风机的作用是吧空气引入或引出密闭的空间。
在空调系统中，风机所输送的空气包含：室外空气，室内空气（也叫循环空气），室内外混合空气。
The fan pulls air from the outdoors and from the room at the same time. Since the drafts in the room cause discomfort, and poor air movement slows the tody heat rejection process, it is necessary to regulate the amount of air supplied by the fan. To accomplished this regulation, a fan is selected that can deliver the correct amount of air. By controlling the speed of the fan, the air stream in the room can be regulated to provide good circulation without drafts.风机从室外引入空气，同时把室内空气排出，由于室内吹风会产生不舒适，空气稀薄时会减慢热流动过程。
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译4.4英汉
4.4 Absorption Heat Pump吸收式热泵（4·4）Functions Of Absorption Heat Pump 1.吸收式热泵的功能An absorption heat pump extracts heat from a low- temperature heat source ，such as waste heat or surface water ，and delivers its heat output at a higher temperatur for winter heating or Other applications at a coefficient of performance greater than 1 ．吸收式热泵从低温热源（如废热或地表水）取热，在较高的温度下输出热量用于冬天或其他场合供热，其效能系数大于1。
In Japan and Sweden ，absorption heat pumps have been installed in dustrial and district heating plants using industrial waste heat to pmvide hot water ，typically at 165 。
F ，for winter heating or other purposes at a COP between 1 ·4 and l. 7 ·在日本和瑞典，吸收式热泵已经安装于利用工业废热来提供热水的供热工厂（代表性的温度是165F），用于冬天供热或其他用途，其COP（效能系数）在1·4~1·7之间。
Absorption heat pumps can be used either for winter heating or for cooling in summer and heating in winter ·吸收式热泵单向用于冬天供热或双向用于夏天制冷、冬天供热。
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译Ch02教案.docx
Chapter 2 Boiler第二章Air heater空预器Anchor支座,固定Anhydrous ammonia 无水氨Anthracite 无烟煤Atomized 雾化Austenitic奥氏体钢Auxialiary辅助机械Axis 轴Bagasse廿蔗渣Bare tube 光管Bark树皮Beam梁，横梁Bituminous coal 烟煤Blade叶片Blast鼓风Blowdown 排污Boiler锅炉Bulk大块的Burner zone燃烧器区域Butane 丁烷Calcination 锻烧Capacity 出力Carbon steel 碳钢Cerium 铀Chromium 珞Circulating fluidized bed CFB 循环流化床锅炉Coal char 煤焦Cogenerator热点联产机组Combustion 燃烧锅炉Commissioning 试运行Compressor压缩机、压气机Condenser凝汽器Containment反应堆安全壳Convection 对流Coolant制冷剂Coordinated坐标，定位Corten低合金耐腐蚀钢Counterflow逆流（换热器）Creep strength 蠕变强度Criterion 标准Critical pressure 临界压力Culm煤屑Cyclone furnace 旋风炉Debris残骸、有机残留物Decane癸烷Decay分解Deposited沉积，沉淀的Deterioration 恶化Diesel oil 柴油Differential 差动，微分Distillate 憾出物Distortion 变形Division wall分隔墙，双面水冷壁Drainage 疏水Drum汽包Dwell time保留时间Economizer 省煤器Embrittlement 脆性，脆化Equalization 均衡，平衡Erosive侵蚀的，腐蚀的Ethane乙烷Evaluate评估,评价Evaporate 蒸发Excess air 过量空气Extended surface扩展受热面Fatigue 疲劳Feedwater 给谁Ferrite铁素体Fin鳍片，肋片Flange法兰Flue gas 烟气Fouling 沾污Furnace 炉膛Generator发电机Geological 地质的Girth环形Govern控制、调节Gravity 重力Header联箱，集箱Helical螺旋状的Helium M Heterogeneous 不均匀的Hopper斗，料斗Husk壳，夕卜壳Hydraulic水力的，液压的Ignite点火Impurity 杂质Inert惰性Inferior低级的，劣质的Ingredients 成分Ingress 进口，入口In-line 顺列Inorganic无机的Ion 离了Jurisdiction 权限Lignite 褐煤Lime石灰Limestone 石灰石Low alloy低合金钢Low-volatile低挥发分的Margin裕量，安全系数Matrix矩阵Membrane 膜Methane 甲烷Mill磨煤机Molecule 分了Molten熔化Nitric oxide氮氧化物Nonpressure非承压的Nontoxic无毒的Organisms有机体Oxidation 氧化Peat泥煤Pendants superheat platen悬吊式屏式过热器Pentane 戊烷Petrochemical石油化工制品Petroleum石油制品Plasma spray coating 等离了喷涂Platen 屏Polymer聚合物Pores气孔，小孔Porosity多空的Potassium 钾Prandtl numbers 普朗特数Prefabricated 预制的Premium fuel优质燃料Pressure loss 压力损失Primary air 一次风Propane 丙烷Proximate analysis 工业分析Pulp纸浆Pyrites黄铁矿Radius半径，范围Rare earth element 稀土元素Recuperator间壁式换热器Regenerator回热器,蓄热器Regulate控制，调节Repercussions 反应Reservoirs 储气罐Residuale fuel oil 渣油Resonant 共振Retract 缩回Reynolds number 雷诺数Rigid刚性的，紧密地Rollers 辘了Scale水垢,Seal密封Sedimentary 沉积Serpentine tube 蛇形管Shale页岩Silica二氧化硅Silt淤泥Single-phase 单相Skin casing 外护板Slag结渣Slurry水煤浆Sodium 钠Solvents 溶剂Sootblower 吹灰器Sour gas含硫气体Specification 规格Stable ignition 稳定着火Stanton number 斯坦顿数Saturated饱和的Straw稻草Steam line blowing蒸汽管路吹灰Steams 茎,杆Stress corrosion 应力腐蚀Structural formula 结构式Stud双头螺栓Subbituminous贫煤，次烟煤Suction真空，负压Sulphur 硫Superheater 过热器Swamp沼泽Sweet gas无硫气Switchgear配电装置，开关装置Temperature-entropy 温嫡图Tenacious 黏的Thermodynamics 热力学Tube bundles 管束Tubular管状的Turbine汽轮机Velocity 速度Vertical spidle mill 中速磨，立轴磨Vessel容器Viscosity 黏度Volumetric expansion 体膨胀Vulnerable易损的，薄弱的DEH数字电液系统Wear磨损DNB偏离核态沸腾Welded焊接FDF送风机Wingwall屏式凝渣管FGD烟气脱硫Yttrim 銘FSSS炉膛安全检测保护系统Abbreviations HRB回热锅炉AFBC常压流化床燃烧IDF引风机AFCO燃料自动切断IGCC整体煤气化联合循环AFWC给水自动切断LMTD对数平均温差ASME美国机械工程师协会MFT主燃料切断ATM标准大气压MUF锅炉补给水BFP锅炉给水泵NWL正常水位BUT按钮OFA火上风，燃尽风BWC锅炉水浓度PFBC增压流化床燃烧BYP旁路SSC刮板除渣机CFBB循环流化床锅炉TGA热重分析仪MCR最大连续蒸发量UBC未燃烧DAS数据采集系统WFGD湿法烟气脱硫2.1IntroductionBoilers use heat to convert water into steam for a variety of applications. Primary among these are electric power generation and industrial process heating. Steam has become a key resource because of its wide availability, advantageous properties and non toxic nature. The steam flow rates and operating conditions can vary dramatically; from lOOOlb/h (O.lkg/s) in one process use to more than 10 million lb/h (1260kg/s) in large electric power plant; from about 14.7 psi (1 bar) and 212°F in some heating applications to more than 4500 psi (3lObar) and 1100 °F (593°C) in advanced cycle power plant.2.1简介SSC锅炉利用热量使水转变成蒸汽以进行各种利用。
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译2.6
3.1 Heat of CombustionIn a boiler furnace (where no mechanical work is done) the heat energy evolved from the union of combustible elements with oxygen depends on the ultimate products of combustion and not on any intermediate combinations that may occur in reaching the final result.A simple demonstration of this law is the union of 1 lb of carbon with oxygen to produce a specific amount of heat. The union may be in one step to form the gaseous product of combustion, CO2, or under certain conditions the union may be in two steps, first to form CO, producing a much smaller amount of heat and, second the union of the CO so obtained to form CO2, releasing 9755 Btu . However, the sum of the heats released in the two steps equals the 14100 Btu evolved when carbon is burned in one step to form CO2 as the final product.3.1燃烧热在锅炉炉(没有机械的工作是做的)的热能的演变而来的元素与氧结合易燃取决于最终产品的燃烧而不是任何中间组合可以发生在达到最后的结果。
热能与动力工程专业英语翻译-5.1
5.1 Boiler and Its Development5.1锅炉及其发展the heat from the products of combustion to water and produces hot water or steam .汽的系统。
Heat is transferred in the furnace mainly by radiation to water-cooled walls,which constitutes the evaporation section of the steam generation system .heat from the gases and has its temperature risen above the saturation temperature .Since the temperature of the gases leaving the superheater section is still high ,modern steam generators often employ additional heat transfer surfaces to utilize the thermal energy of the gases .体的热能，The boilers for electric power generation stations are quite different in terms of steam conditions and generation rates.The steam pressure may be either supercritical or subcritical and the temperature is frequently around 538℃.538℃左右。
【三Boilers may also be classified according to the relative positions of products of combustion .surrounded by water .sometimes ,in heating buildings .water-filled tubes .Both ends of the water tubes are connected to the headers or water . In the drum the steam is separated from the saturated water .Then,the saturated steam usually goes to the superheater in which the steam temperature is increased .drumsticks of a fire-tube boiler .【五】To attain high system efficiency ,the steam generator usually ,consists of the evaporation section , superheaters , reheaters , economizers , and air preheaters .气预热器组成。
热能与动力工程专业英语
i.e. it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process that change “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.热力学第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat and work.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.举例说明热力学定律应用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.绝热系统：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.开口系统：exchanging energy (heat and work )and matter with their environment .闭口系统：exchangeing energy (heat and work )but not matter with their environment .孤立系统：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work .辐射换热:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation .We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference ;this is called thermal radiation .对流传热:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics .we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer .对流传热的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection .If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate .We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate .传热学:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference .传热学和热力学的区别:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat .The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions .The fact that a heat -transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics .Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium ;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another ;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process .Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy -transfer rates .As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations .影响辐射传热的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into热能与动力工程thermal energy and power engineering能量转化energy-transfer比例常数proportionality constant比例系数proportionality factor活性中心active center对流传热convection heat transfer电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation角系数view factor准静态过程quasi-static process准平衡quasi-equilibrium静态平衡static equilibrium强度参数intensive property广延参数extensive property燃烧机理combustion mechanism平均分子运动average molecular motion 热反应堆thermal reactor热力学性质thermodynamic property摩尔热容molar heat capacity动能kinetic energy压缩因子compressibility factor温度传感器temperature sensor测量电路measurement circuit电压输出voltage output静电荷electrostatic charge励磁电源excitation power内能internal energy能量原理energy principle能量平衡energy balance能量守恒conservation of energy剪切应力shear force/stress角速度angular velocity速度梯度velocity gradient温度梯度temperature gradient一维one-dimensional机械能mechanical energy内能internal energy动能kinetic energy势能potential energy凝固/硬化take a set流体动力学fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽发生系统steam generating system辅助设备auxiliary equipment空煤比the air-coal ratio质量作用定律the law of mass action阿伦尼乌斯定律arrhennius law活化分子active molecule活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy 自由价free valency支链反应定律the law of branched chain reactions 化学反应方程式stoichiometric equation活化中心active centres能级energy levels甲烷methane ch4压缩机compressor冷凝器condenser膨胀阀expansion valve可逆reversible绝热adiabatic等熵isentropic余隙容积clearance volume比容specific volume压力损失pressure loss溶液给水温度liquid feed temperature体积流速the volume flow rate液压头liquid head成比例的proportional成反比例的inversely proportional热力学定律principles of thermodynamics平衡温度equilibrium temperature相变phase change导热性thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient强制对流forced convection自然对流natural convection外表面external surface焓enthalpy熵entropy对流传热convection heat transfer牛顿冷却公式Newton law of cooling流体物性properties of the liquid质量流量比mass flow ratio电磁辐射能electromagnetic energy热辐射thermal radiation净辐射量net radiation流体力学fluid mechanics热力学性质thermodynamic property牛顿粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity温熵图temperature-entropy diagram回转式发动机rotary engine汽轮机steam turbine光化学烟雾photochemical smog核电站nuclear power plant流化床燃烧fluildized bed combustion余热锅炉a heat recovery builer表面积surface areai.e. it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process that change “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.热力学第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat and work.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.举例说明热力学定律应用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.绝热系统：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.开口系统：exchanging energy (heat and work )and matter with their environment .闭口系统：exchangeing energy (heat and work )but not matter with their environment .孤立系统：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work .辐射换热:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation .We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference ;this is called thermal radiation .对流传热:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics .we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer .对流传热的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection .If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate .We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate .传热学:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference .传热学和热力学的区别:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat .The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions .The fact that a heat -transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics .Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium ;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another ;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process .Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy -transfer rates .As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations .影响辐射传热的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into热能与动力工程thermal energy and power engineering能量转化energy-transfer比例常数proportionality constant比例系数proportionality factor活性中心active center对流传热convection heat transfer电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation角系数view factor准静态过程quasi-static process准平衡quasi-equilibrium静态平衡static equilibrium强度参数intensive property广延参数extensive property燃烧机理combustion mechanism平均分子运动average molecular motion 热反应堆thermal reactor热力学性质thermodynamic property摩尔热容molar heat capacity动能kinetic energy压缩因子compressibility factor温度传感器temperature sensor测量电路measurement circuit电压输出voltage output静电荷electrostatic charge励磁电源excitation power内能internal energy能量原理energy principle能量平衡energy balance能量守恒conservation of energy剪切应力shear force/stress角速度angular velocity速度梯度velocity gradient温度梯度temperature gradient一维one-dimensional机械能mechanical energy内能internal energy动能kinetic energy势能potential energy凝固/硬化take a set流体动力学fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽发生系统steam generating system辅助设备auxiliary equipment空煤比the air-coal ratio质量作用定律the law of mass action阿伦尼乌斯定律arrhennius law活化分子active molecule活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy自由价free valency 支链反应定律the law of branched chain reactions 化学反应方程式stoichiometric equation活化中心active centres能级energy levels甲烷methane ch4压缩机compressor冷凝器condenser膨胀阀expansion valve可逆reversible绝热adiabatic等熵isentropic余隙容积clearance volume比容specific volume压力损失pressure loss溶液给水温度liquid feed temperature体积流速the volume flow rate液压头liquid head成比例的proportional成反比例的inversely proportional热力学定律principles of thermodynamics平衡温度equilibrium temperature相变phase change导热性thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient强制对流forced convection自然对流natural convection外表面external surface焓enthalpy熵entropy对流传热convection heat transfer牛顿冷却公式Newton law of cooling流体物性properties of the liquid质量流量比mass flow ratio电磁辐射能electromagnetic energy热辐射thermal radiation净辐射量net radiation流体力学fluid mechanics热力学性质thermodynamic property牛顿粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity温熵图temperature-entropy diagram回转式发动机rotary engine汽轮机steam turbine光化学烟雾photochemical smog核电站nuclear power plant流化床燃烧fluildized bed combustion余热锅炉a heat recovery builer表面积surface area。
热能与动力工程专业英语
Chapter 1 Introduction to Thermal Science第一章热科学基础Acoustic flow meter 声波流量计Corrugated fin 波状散热片Adiabatic []绝热的Cross product 矢量积Aerodynamics 空气动力学Denominator 分母Affiliation 联系Developed flow 充分发展流Airfoil 机翼，螺旋桨Diffusion 扩散Alternative 替代燃料Doppler effect 多普勒效应Anemometer 风速计Double-pipe heat exchanger 套管式换热器Angular speed 角速度Dry saturated vapor 干饱和蒸汽Area density 表面密度Electrode 电极Baffle 挡板Electrolyte 电解，电解液Bifurcation 分形Electrostatic 静电的Blackbody 黑体Emissivity 发射率Blade 浆叶，叶片Equilibrium 平衡Boiler 锅炉Fluid mechanics 流体力学Boundary layer 边界层Forced convection 强制对流Carnot Cycle 卡诺循环Free convection 自然对流Cartesian coordinates 笛卡尔坐标系Friction loss 摩擦损失Celsius Degree 摄氏度Glass ceramic 微晶玻璃，玻璃陶瓷Heat engine 热机Compact heat exchanger 紧凑式换热器Composition 成分，合成物Heat pump 热泵Compressed liquid 压缩液体Hydrofoil 水翼Compressibility 可压缩性，压缩率Hypersonic speed 高超音速Condensation 凝结Infinitesimal 无穷小的Condenser 冷凝器Inflating/deflating 充气/压缩Conduction 导热Internal combustion engine 内燃机Control volume 控制体Isentropic 等熵的Convection 对流Isobaric 等压的Coriolis-accelaration flowmeter 科Isolated system 孤立体系的氏加速流量计Isometric 等容的Rough-wall tube 粗糙管Isothermal 等温的Saturation 饱和Kinematic viscosity 运动黏度Shear stress 剪切力、切应力Laminar 层流Shell-and-tube heat exchanger管壳式换热器Manuscript 手稿，原稿Specific volume 比容Moisture 湿度，水分Steady 稳态的，定常的Molecule (化学)分子Stifling engine 斯特林机Molten polymer 熔融聚合物Strain rate 变形速度，应变率Muti-disciplinary 多学科的Streamline 流线Newtonian Fluid 牛顿流体Strut 支撑，支柱Nominal temperature gradient 法向Subcooled liquid过冷液体温度梯度Numerator （数学）分子Superheated vapor 过热蒸汽Parallel flow 平行流动，并流Surrounding 环境，外界Pathline迹线Thermal conductivity 热传导率Phase change 相变Thermal efficiency 热效率Plane flow 平面流，二元流Thermodynamics 热力学Torsional 扭力的，扭转的Plate and flame heat exchanger板式换热器Polymer solution 胶浆Trailing edge 机翼后缘、尾缘Proof 校样Transmitter 传送装置、发送器Propeller 螺旋桨，推进器Turbine meter 涡轮流量计Pump泵Turbulent 湍流的Qulity 干度Ultrosonic 超声波的Qusi-equilibrium 准平衡、准静态Uniform flow 均匀刘Radiation 辐射Vacuum 真空Rankin Cycle 朗肯循环View factor 角系数Regenerative heat exchangerViscous 黏性的蓄热/再生式换热器Reservoir 水库，蓄水池Cortex shedding 漩涡脱落Reversible 可逆的Water faucet 水龙头，水嘴Rotameter 转子流量计Bi Biot number 比澳数NPSH 汽蚀余量CFD 计算流体力学NTU 传热单元数CHF 临界热流量Nu 努谢尔特数COP 制冷系数PE 势能Eu 欧拉数Pr 普朗特数Fo 富立叶数Ra 瑞利数Fr 弗劳德数Re 雷诺数Gr 格拉晓夫数Sc 施密特数KE 动能St 斯坦顿数，斯特劳哈数LMTD对数平均温差We 韦伯数1.1Fundamental of Engineering Thermodynamics1.1工程热力学基础Thermodynamics is a science in which the storage, transformation and transfer of energy are studied. Energy is stored as internal energy (associated with temperature), kinetic energy (du to motion), potential energy (due to elevation) and chemical energy (due to chemical composition); it is transformed from one of these forms to another; and it is transferred across a boundary as either heat or work.热力学是一门研究能量储存、转换及传递的科学。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
热能与动力工程专业英语。
第一章热学导论第一章热科学基础声学流量计声波流量计波纹翅片波状散热片绝热[]绝热的交叉产品矢量积空气动力学空气动力学分母分母加入联系开发流程充分发展流机翼机翼,螺旋桨传播扩散供选择的替代燃料多普勒效应多普勒效应风速计风速计双管热交换器套管式换热器角速度角速度干燥饱和蒸汽干饱和蒸汽表面密度表面密度电极电极挡板挡板电解质电解,电解液分歧分形静电的静电的黑体黑体发射率发射率叶片浆叶,叶片平静平衡锅炉锅炉液体力学流体力学边界层边界层强制对流强制对流卡诺循环卡诺循环自然对流自然对流笛卡尔坐标笛卡尔坐标系摩擦损失摩擦损失摄氏度摄氏度玻璃陶瓷微晶玻璃,玻璃陶瓷紧凑型热交换器紧凑式换热器热机热机作文成分,合成物热泵热泵压缩液体压缩液体水翼水翼压缩性可压缩性,压缩率高超音速高超音速冷凝凝结极微量无穷小的电容器冷凝器充气/放气充气/压缩传导导热内燃机内燃机控制音量控制体等熵的等熵的对流对流同重元素的等压的科里奥利加速度流量计科氏加速流量计孤立系统孤立体系的等容线等容的粗糙壁管粗糙管等温线等温的浸透饱和运动粘度运动黏度剪应力剪切力、切应力薄层的层流管壳式换热器管壳式换热器原稿手稿,原稿比容比容水分湿度,水分稳定的稳态的,定常的分子（化学)分子窒息发动机斯特林机熔融聚合物熔融聚合物应变率变形速度,应变率Mut-省略部分-再生热交换器。
静态型再生热交换器基本上是一种多孔物质,具有大的蓄热能力,例如陶瓷丝网。
热流体和冷流体在热流体流动期间流向再生器的基体,并且在冷流体
流动期间从基体流向冷流体。
因此,该基质用作临时蓄热介质。
动态型再生器包括一个旋转的滚筒和通过滚筒不同部分的热流体和冷流体的连续流动,使得滚筒的任何部分周期性地通过热流体教材15页流,储存热量,然后通过冷流,排出储存的热量。
再一次,滚筒充当将热量从热流体流传输到冷流体流的介质。
另一类冷、热流体交替通过同一流动面积的换热器为蓄热式换热器。
静态型蓄热式换热器基本上由多孔介质组成,其热容量大,如陶瓷铁丝网。
冷、热流体交替地流经这些多孔介质,热量先由流过的高温流体传递到换热器的换热基体,再由基体传递给接着流过的低温流体。
因此，基质充当临时蓄热介质。
该动态蓄热式热交换器内部设置有转鼓，冷、热流体连续流过转鼓的不同部位，使转鼓的任何部位周期性地通过热流体蓄热，然后通过冷流体释放蓄热。
滚筒作为热流体向冷流体传热的介质。
热交换器通常被赋予特定的名称，以反映它们的具体应用。
例如，冷凝器是一种热交换器，其中一种流体在流经热交换器时被冷却和冷凝。
锅炉是另一种热交换器。
教材中长达16页的热交换器通常被赋予特定的名称，以反映其特定的用途。
例如，冷凝器是一种热交换器，当流体流动时，通过它发生冷却冷凝。
锅炉是另一种热交换器，流体在其中吸收热量并蒸发。
空间散热器是一种将热流体的热量辐射到周围空间的热交换器。