8D报告培训资料

不符合客户关于内容及回复时间的要求
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8D Training
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CAR/8D Requirements CAR/8D的要求
• All corrective action requests must be completed using an 8D report (unless a different method is required by Customer). 所有的《纠正措施要求》必须采用8D报告形式（除非 客户要求采用不同的方法 • Must use Corporate format. 必须采用Vishay公司的格式 • Must use 8D checklist as a guideline in completing the 8D’s. 在完成报告的过程中必须采用8D检查表进行检查
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8D Training
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D1 Establish Team D1 组建问题解决小组
• Establish Cross Functional Team. 建立跨功能小组 • Identify a Champion. 确定小组长 • Members should be from all affected areas, not just quality! i.e. Sales, Logistics, Marketing, Engineering, Line Operators, Production Mgmt., etc… 小组成员应来自于所有被涉及区域，并非只是质量部 ！如销售、物流、市场、工程、生产线操作工、生产 管理等等· · · · · · • The Team should ask themselves do they have the correct skill mix to solve the problem? 小组应询问自己是否具有解决问题所必需的能力?
Vishay Customer Corrective Action Request (CAR) Guidelines Vishay《客户纠正措施要求CAR》应用指南
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8D Training
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What is a CAR/ 8D? 何谓CAR/8D ?
A CAR/8D Report is a method to document, communicate, track and drive resolutions for quality issues. CAR/8D是针对品质问题而进行文件化、沟通、追踪及解决 问题的方法。
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8 Disciplines to Problem Solving 解决问题的8个准则
• • • • • • • • D1 Establish a Team 组建问题解决小组 D2 Describe the Problem 描述问题 D3 Contain the problem 采取围堵措施（即短期对策） D4 Identify the root causes 识别/确认根本原因（真因） D5 Corrective Actions 确认纠正措施 D6 Implement Corrective Actions 实施纠正措施（即长期对策） D7 Prevent Recurrence 防止再发 D8 Congratulate the Team 小组庆祝
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D2 Describe the Problem D2 描述问题
• Clearly Identify and Define the Problem. 明确识别和定义问题 • In many cases Problems are ambiguous or imprecise. 在许多案例中，问题是模棱两可或不明确的 • Clarity ensures that everyone is trying to solve the same Problem. 明确问题可确保任何人将尽力去解决问题
An 8D report is Ford Motor Company’s format for problem solving. It is the preferred method used throughout our industry. CAR/8D报告是福特公司解决问题的格式。它是我们所有行 业首选的解决问题的方法。Training
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D4 Root Cause D4 根本原因（真因）
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• Has an effective containment method been identified and documented? 是否有有效的围堵方法已经被确定和文件化? • Have dates (or date codes) for temporary containment actions been identified? 是否已经确定了临时围堵措施实施的日期（日期码）? • Have actions been verified with before and after data? 是否已经验证了围堵措施实施前后的效果? • Has the entire pipeline been contained (production, warehouse, distributors)? 是否对产品的所有流程采取了围堵措施（如生产线、仓库及发 货员）? • Has detailed instructions on containment been issued to people responsible for containment? 是否给负责实施围堵措施的人员发放了详细的围堵作业指导书?
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D3 Containment Elements D3 围堵措施要素
D3 Containment Example D3 围堵措施案例
• Poor Containment 差劲的围堵措施 – ―Operator was alerted of the failure.‖ –让操作工提防/注意此不良 • Good Containment 完美的围堵措施 – ―Production and warehouse material was inspected on 4/1/02 by J. Smith (quality assurance personnel) and there were 0 lots out of 320 containing mixed devices.‖ – J. Smith（质量保证人员）于4/1/02检查了生产线及仓库 材料
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8D Training
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D2 Describe the Problem Elements D2 描述问题要素
• What is the Problem? Describe the failure mode. 问题是什么? 描述失效模式 • Where was it detected? 问题是在哪里被发现? • When was it detected? 问题是什么时候被发现? • What lots/date codes are affected? 被影响的批次/日期码是那些? • How many pieces are affected? 被影响的数量是多少? • Is the Customer information included? 是否包含客户信息?
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D2 Describe the Problem Examples D2 描述问题案例
• Poor Problem Description 差劲的问题描述 – ―Customer received wrong part.‖ – 客户接收到错误零件 • Good Problem Description 完美的问题描述 – ―Customer received incorrect value CRCW-0603 resistors on 4/1/02. Customer P.O. 441960 (Vishay P.O. X765644-30) specified CRCW-0603, 8.2K ohm and received CRCW-0603, 82K ohm parts.‖ – 客户在4/1/02接收到阻值错误的CRCW-63电阻。客户 订单号码441960（ Vishay订单号码X765644-30）指 定的CRCW-63电阻的阻值为8.2欧姆，而收到的 CRCW-63电阻的阻值为82欧姆。
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D3 Containment D3 围堵措施（短期对策）
• Containment is similar to quarantine. Quarantine does not cure a disease, but it keeps it from spreading. 围堵相似于病人隔离。隔离虽不能医好疾病，但可以防止疾病 的传播 • Find and segregate nonconforming products to prevent shipment to Customer. 查找和隔离不良品，防止发往客户 • Shutdown processes/equipment that is producing bad product. 停止正在制造不良的加工或装配 • Make sure containment actions are effective. 确保围堵措施是有效的
8D Training 3
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CAR/8D Report Problems 完成CAR/8D报告存在的问题