国家、市场与社会：从全球视野和批判角度审视中国传播与权力的关系

24
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01*2 34#56789
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
!"#$%&'()*+!",-./012345126 !"#$"%&'()*+,-./ 0123 456789 !"#$%&'( 20 80 ! )*+,-./01234567*89 !"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*!+%,-./01234 !" #$" %&" '(" )*+,-./0 56"7 !"#$ Gitlin, 1978 !"
!"#$%&'()*+,-./001234567
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0 1McChesney, 2000 !"#$%&'()*+,-./*0 123
!"#$%& '()* +,-./0123#/456789:; !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234" 56789: !"#$ %&'()*+,- ./&$ 0123456789:; !"#$%&'( )*+, )./, #01%23456789: !" #$%& '()*+,-./0123"-456789:; !"#$%& !'()*% +Burawoy, 2003 !"#$%& !"#$ %&'() *+,./0,1 !234567-8 !"#$%& '()*+',-./01& '23%456 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;< !"#$ !%&'()*+,-./ 0123!45* !Burawoy, 2003 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789: !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;< !"#$%&'()*+,-./012314567289: !"#$%&'()*+,-(./$01234 5678 !"#$%&' 1978 !"#$%&'()*+, -Peter
!" #$%&'( !"#$%&'
26
20 90
)
!"#$% &'()*+ , &-./+ 0123 45
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01*2 34#56789
!"#$1
!"#$%&'()*+% ,-./01 % ,23
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01234567/89(:; !"#$%&'( )*+,-./0 12&! 3456 78 !"#$%&' !" #$%&'() *+, ! " #1998 !"#$%&' () -" ./0123456789:
Yuezhi ZHAO
Abstract
Centering on the issue of power, a core research problematic, this article critically assesses the dual intellectual legacies of American empirical research and traditional Marxism in Chinese communication research and aims to develop an integrative theoretical framework in this field in a global context. Specifically, the article calls forth the following breakthroughs toward the development of this framework. First, avoid media centrism and communication essentialism by grasping the mutually embedded nature of state, market and society in the constitution of communication institutions and processes; Second, transcend simplistic dichotomies such as those between the “state” and the “market” and the “state” and “society” by analyzing the concrete articulations of power relationships among different social forces in Chinese communication; Third, overcome the rationalistic and cognitivist biases in much of the debate on the “public sphere” by drawing insights from both the political economy and cultural studies perspectives in Western critical communication research; and finally, reject any humanistic knee-jerk reaction against “tyrannical” states and “exploitative” capitalists by examining the specific patterns of communicative inclusion and exclusion enabled by the intersecting logics of the state and the market and by foregrounding the lived experiences and communicative needs of historically-located human subjects in an increasingly stratified Chinese society. Keywords: state, market, society, power, class
!" # $%&'" ()*+,-./012345678,9:; !"#$%&'()*+,-./01*23!4 ! "#$%&'( )Downing, 1996: xiii 1996 ! "#$%&'() *liberal-pluralist Hall, 1982 !"#$% &'()*+,.Schiller, 1996: 104 !"#$%& ' !()*+,-& .Mills, 1959 !"#$%&' (Mosco, !" #$ % &'()*+
25
!"#$%& '()* +2007
Golding
!" #Graham Murdoch
!"#$%&'()*+,!5
!"#$%&'( )*+,-./01234 56789:;< !"#$%&'()*+,-)*./01234 1978 353 !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234567!"8 ! "#$%&'()*+,-./01234567 8D. Schiller, 1996 !"#$%&'()*+,-./012345 6789: !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456#,-789 !"#$%&'()*+,-"./0!1&'"#$%234 !"#$% &'()*+,-./ Golding & Murdock, 1978: 353 01 !" #$% !"#$%&'()*+'(,-
!"#$%& '()* +2007 : 23–50
!"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()*+
=
!"#$%&'()*+,-./012345&'()678 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456#$7 /08 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:9;<= !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=> !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789,-.:+ !"#$%&'()*+,(-./(012345 6789:;< ) !"#$ %&'()*+,./0123 .45"#671 !"#$%&'() *+,-./0123456789:;<= !"#$%&'() *+,-./ 012 0345678459:% !"#$!%&'()*+,-./0"1234567089:; !"#$% &'( )*+,-. / )012345. 6789:;6< !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=> !"#$%&'()*+,-%./01)*23(456789: !"#$ ! !" #$ %& '( )*+,
!"#$%&'()*+,-./"0123456789:; !"#$%&'()* +,-./0123456789:;< !"#$%&'()*+$,-./0$1,234(5678 !"#$%&'()# *+,$.1978 353 !"#$ %&'( ) %*+( ,- #./0)1234567 !"#$%&'()*+,-*./0123"4567894 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;) !"#$%&'() *+ ,-./0%123456789 !"#$%&'() *+,-./01234567859: !"#$%&'()*+,-./"0123456+789: !"#$%&'(')*+,-./01234'56789: !"#$%&'()*&'+,-./012345674 8 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;< !"#$ %&'%()*+,-./01% !" 234567
!"#$%&'
!"#$%&'()$* +Simon Fraser University Communication
!"#$%&'()*+,-./012345 Global Media and !"#$%&'()* Democratizing Global Media? One ! 2005 Global Communication: Toward a Communication in China: !"yzhao@sfu.ca !forthcoming World, Many Struggles Transcultural Political Economy
Market Reforms and Social Contestation forthcoming
The Chinese Journal '()* of Communication !"#$%& +2007 and Society, 2(2007)
State, Market, and Society: Examining Communication and Power in China from a Critical Perspective
!"#$% &'()*+ ,-./0123456789:;< !"#$%&'()*+,-./ 012345 67(89:; !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789":; !"#$%&'()*+,-./012/345/,67 Zhao, 1998 !"2005 !"#$%&'()*+,-.'/ !"#$%&' !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:; <= !"#$ %Siebert, Peterson, & Schramm, 1956 1969 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123 4Raymond Williams, !"#!$%&'()&'*+,-./,&01234! !"#$%&'()*+, -./0123456789:; !"#2004 !"#$%&'()*+, -./012 3 -42 5 -62 !78 !"#$%&'()'*+,-./0123456789:; !"#$% &'()*+,-.&/()012345678 !"#$%&'()*+,-%./0123! 456789 !"#$%&'()*+,-./"01$234567 8 !"#$%&'()*+,-./&0123)4(56789 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123,456789:; !"#$%&'()$*"+ !"#$% !"#$% &'()*+,,-./#01)2345 !"#$%&'()*+,-.#"/01234561789 &'%()*+ ,Curran, 2002; Garnham, 1997 !"#$%& '( )*+,-./01 23456&78 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;$ !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234%567897: !Beeson & Robison, 2000 !"#$%&'()*+,-.