it引导的重点句型

龙文教育学科教师辅导讲义（10.23）

教师：_王琴_ __学生：__ __ __时间:_2011____年____月____日____段

It 引导的句型

一、It作形式主语的句型

为使句子平衡，往往把it置于句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语（通常是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语

从句）移至句末。It 作形式主语的句型有：

一、㈠it 代指不定式短语的句型

1. It takes + (sb.) + sometime / some money + to do sth.

做某事花去某人多长时间

Just a minute, it won't take me long to change.

等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。

It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.

我花了一年多时间才学会在5分钟内画出一匹好看的马来。

It takes a lot of money to buy a house like that.

买那样一幢房子需要很多钱。

2. It takes + 名词+ (for sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事需要… …

It took great imagination as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak.

对安妮来说，教我说话需要极大的信心和想象力。

It takes time for them to prepare for the great changes that take place in space.

他们需要很多时间准备应付太空中所发生的巨大变化。

3. It is + 形容词+ (for / of sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是… …的

常用于该句型的形容词比较多。for sb. 的句型常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better等。of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 等。

It was not right for the south to break away from the union.

南方脱离联邦是不对的。

It was kind of you to help us.

谢谢你对我们的帮助。

It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living.

懒汉谋生是越来越困难了。

What time would it be most convenient for me to call again?

什么时候我再给你打电话最合适？

It’s very good of you to have listened to me.

感谢你能听我讲。

It’s very thoughtful and kind of you to offer me this lovely holiday.

你能给我这么美好的假日，实在是想得太周到、太友善了。

4. It is + 名词+ to do sth. 做某事是… …的

常用于该句型的名词有：manners, duty, fun, good,

a great honour, the first, the next, the last, the best,

too much, too little, not enough等。

As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class.

作为学生，上课迟到是没有礼貌的。

It is our duty to pay taxes to our government.

向政府交税是我们的义务。

5. It is + one’s turn + to do sth. 轮到某人做某事

It was my turn to clean the blackboard.

轮到我擦黑板了。

6. It is + up to sb. + to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任或义务

It’s up to us to give them all the help we can.

我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。

㈡it 代指动名词短语的句型

7. It is + 名词+ doing sth. 做某事是… …

用于该句型的名词有：no good, no use, hard work, a nuisance, a waste of time, a great honour等。

It’s no use talking to him about it.

和他谈论此事是没用的。

It’s no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk.

事已至此，后悔也无用。（牛奶已泼，哭也没用。）

It is hard work keeping the grass green at this time of year.

这个季节还使草保持绿色真是不容易。

It was a nuisance having to wait for such a long time.

要等这样久真烦人。

It’s a waste of time your talking to him.

你和他谈话是浪费时间。

It has been a great honour your coming to visit me.

你的来访是我很大的荣幸。

8. It is + 形容词+ doing sth. 做某事真… …

用于该句型的形容词有：pleasant, useless, senseless, worthwhile, dangerous等。

It was pleasant meeting you in London that day.

那天在伦敦见到你真高兴。

It’s dangerous playing with fire.

玩火是危险的。

Is it worthwhile making such an experiment?

做这样的实验值得吗？

㈢it 代指名词性从句的句型

9. It + be + 名词+ that从句

用于该句型中的名词有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news, no wonder等。惯用句型有：

It is common knowledge that………是常识

It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that…事实是……

It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.

真遗憾，她犯了这样一个错误。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。

It is a thousand pity/ thousand pities that he missed the chance.