不同坡位土壤水分特征

第11卷　第6期2013年12月

中国水土保持科学

Science of Soil and Water Conservation

Vol.11　No.6Dec.2013

典型黑土区农业小流域不同坡向和

坡位的土壤水分变化特征

苏子龙1,张光辉1,2†,于艳1

(1.北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,100875,北京;2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,712100,陕西杨凌)摘要:土壤水分变化受地形地貌㊁土壤质地㊁土地利用方式等多种因素的影响㊂为了分析东北典型黑土区土壤水分变化规律,以该区农业小流域为研究对象,采用野外实验的方法,从坡向和坡位出发,系统分析土壤水分在不同坡向和坡位的变化特征㊂结果表明:1)半阴坡平均土壤含水量低于阳坡和半阳坡;各坡向土壤水分剖面变化趋势不同,坡向仅对0~35cm 深度范围内土壤含水量变化有显著影响㊂2)3坡向(阳坡㊁半阳坡和半阴坡)土壤含水量均为下坡位>上坡位>中坡位,各坡向不同坡位土壤含水量剖面变化呈现不同趋势,坡位对测量范围内的阳坡和半阴坡,以及25~100cm 范围内的半阳坡土壤水分变化有显著影响,但对半阳坡0~25cm 土壤水分影响不显著㊂研究结果可对该地区小流域农作物合理配置及农田土壤水分管理提供科学依据㊂关键词:土壤水分;坡向;坡位;剖面特征;典型黑土区中图分类号:S152.7

文献标志码:A

文章编号:1672⁃3007(2013)06⁃0039⁃06

收稿日期:20130423　修回日期:20130928

项目名称:国家自然科学基金 输沙对坡面侵蚀的影响及其水动力学机理研究”(41271287);中科院 百人计划”择优支持项

目 土壤侵蚀水动力学机制研究”(K318001110)

第一作者简介:苏子龙(1988 ),男,博士研究生㊂主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀㊂E⁃mail:szl0330good@

†通信作者简介:张光辉(1969 ),男,博士,教授㊂主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀与水土保持㊂E⁃mail:ghzhang@

Variation of soil moisture with slope aspect and position in a small

agricultural watershed in the typical black soil region

Su Zilong 1,Zhang Guanghui 1,2,Yu Yan 1

(1.School of Geography,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;

2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences &Ministry of Water Resources,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi,China)

Abstract :Soil moisture is affected by land use type,topography and geomorphology,soil texture and other factors.A small agricultural watershed in the typical black region was selected as the study area to analyze the variation of soil moisture at different slope aspects and positions by field experiment.The results were as follows.1)In the depth range of 0-100cm,soil moisture content on the semi⁃shady slopes was lower than that on sunny and semi⁃sunny slopes;profile variation trends of soil moisture content on the three types of slopes differed,and the effect of slope aspect on soil moisture content was significant only in the depth 0-35cm.2)On each type of slope,the soil moisture content followed the order of lower slope >upper slope >middle slope,the profile variation of soil moisture content presented different trends at different slope positions of each slope aspect,and the effect of slope position on soil moisture content of sunny and semi⁃shady slopes was significant within the measurement range,and it was also significant on the semi⁃sunny slope in depth 25-100cm,but not significant in 0-25cm in this

slope aspect.Our research results could provide theoretical basis for reasonable allocation of crops and management of farmland soil moisture.