2009一模答案[1]
2009年全国高考全国卷1试题(理综)
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试试题卷理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页,第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔将答题卡上,对应题目的答案标号涂写,如写改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,答在试题卷上无效。
3. 非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内,答在试题卷上无效。
4. 考试结束,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)本卷共21小题,每小题6分,共126分。
以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H – 1 C – 12 N – 14 O - 16一、选择题(本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
)1. 下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述,错误的是A. 细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行B. 人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C. 酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D. 叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用,不进行呼吸作用答案D【解析】细胞呼吸是活细胞都进行的一项生命活动,必须在酶的催化作用下进行;酵母菌在有氧的条件下,把葡萄糖分解成二氧化碳和水,无氧的条件下把葡萄糖分解成酒精和二氧化碳。
因此D错误。
2. 人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素,当人体血钙浓度下降时,甲状旁腺素分泌增加,作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素,当血钙浓度上升时,降钙素分泌增加,作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述,错误的是A. 血钙浓度降低可引起肌肉抽搐B. 甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C. 人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D. 食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液答案B【解析】血钙含量降低会引起肌肉抽搐,血钙含量高会引起肌肉乏力。
2009大连市高三一模考试
2009大连市高三一模考试 数学试卷(理科)参考答案二、填空题13.o30 14. ),9()1,(+∞--∞ 15. -0.61 16. n m n m =>, 三、解答题17、解:(Ⅰ)4=X 即)6,5,4,3,2(=i a i 中出现3个1,2个0. …………………2分所以24340)32()31()4(2335===C X P .…………………6分 (Ⅱ)(法一)设1-=X Y ,由题知)31,5(~B Y ,…………………9分,所以381=+=EY EX .…………………12分…………………10分,所以3824365016024016032)(=+++++=X E …………………12分18、解:(Ⅰ)由三视图可得,三棱椎BCD A -中ABC DBC ADC ADB ∠∠∠∠,,,都等于o 90,每个面都是直角三角形;可得⊥CB 面ADB ,所以DE CB ⊥,…………………2分又AB DE ⊥,所以⊥DE 面ABC , 所以AC DE ⊥,…………………4分又AC DF ⊥,所以⊥AC 面DEF .…………………6分 (Ⅱ)方法一:由(Ⅰ)知D F E ∠为二面角D AC B --的平面角,…………………9分在直角三角形DEF 中,5DE =,3DF =sin 5DE DFE DF ∴∠==。
sin5DFE arc ∴∠=12分方法二:过B 作CD BO ⊥于O ,过O 作AC OM ⊥于M,连结BM.因为⊥AD 面BDC ,所以面⊥ADC 面BDC ,所以⊥BO 面ADC ,由三垂线定理可得BMO ∠为二面角D AC B --的平面角,…………………9分可求得,22=BO 又622==CA CO AD OM ,所以33=OM ,所以26arctan =∠BMO …………………12分 方法三:如图,以DB 为x 轴,过D 作BC 的平行线为y 轴,DA 为z 轴建立空间直角坐标系. 所以B (1,0,0),C (1,1,0),A (0,0,2)…………………8分设面DAC 的一个法向量为),,(1111z y x n =,则⎩⎨⎧==+00111z y x ,不妨取11=x ,则)0,1,1(),,(111-=z y x .设面BAC 的一个法向量为),,(2222z y x n =,则⎩⎨⎧=+-=020222z x y ,不妨取22=x ,则)1,0,2(),,(222=z y x .…………………10分所以510102||||,cos 212121==⋅⋅>=<n n n n n n,因为二面角D AC B --为锐角,所以二面角D AC B --的大小为510arccos.…………………12分 19、解:(Ⅰ)设动点M 的坐标为(,)x y ,0),2,2(),2,2(=⋅+=-=b a y x b y x a,即22142x y +=…………………2分 (Ⅱ)①在),,0(),0,(0,0:m B kmA y x m kx y l -==+=可得中分别令……………3分设1122(,),(,)C x y D x y ,由22222(12)4240142y kx mk x mkx m x y =+⎧⎪⇒+++-=⎨+=⎪⎩ 22212122242432816,,1212mk m k m x x x x k k-∆=-++=-⋅=++…………………4分 ∵BD CA =,所以21x x km=--,即222241,412,,0,122mk m k k k k k k k -=-=+=>∴=+ 6分21(2)||||CD x x =-===…………………7分 点N 到CD的距离|d m ==, (8)分11|||22NCD S CD d m ∆=⋅=…………………9分224)|()2m m m -+==≤=当且仅当224m m -=时等号成立,即22,m m ==0∆>,所以直线的方程为:2l y x =…………………12分 20、证明:(Ⅰ)先证1n b > 法一: 0>n b ,1n b ≠∴11113()12n n n b b b b +=+= 又2∴1>n b 法二: ①1312b =>; ②假设k n =时命题成立,即1k b >,则1111()2122k k k b b b +=+>⋅=,所以1+=k n 时命题也成立. 综合①②可得*N n ∈时,1n b >.…………………2分再证n n a b > ①111132,,2a b a b ==>1>; ②假设k n =时命题成立,即k k a b >1>,则11111()()22k k k k k k kb a b a b a b ++-=+-+111111()()()(1)0222k k k k k k k ka b a b a b a b >+-+=-->,11k k a b ++∴>,所以1+=k n 时命题也成立.综合①②可得n n a b >.…………………6分 (Ⅱ)111()()22n n n n n n n n nb ba a a a a a a +-=+-=- 1110nn nn n n nb b a a a a a +<∴<>∴-<故数列{}n a 单调递减 …………………9分111()(1)22n n n n n b a a a a +=+<+11121111(1)(1)(1)222....n n n n a a a a +-⇒-<-<-<<- 又1111112n n a a +-=∴-< 即1112n n a +<+ …………………12分21、解:(Ⅰ)因为)0(2log 221)(2>++-=x x x x x h a ,所以方法一 : 2111()2(2)ln ln h x x x x x a x a'=-+=-+.…………………2分 因为)(x h 在区间(0,)+∞上是增函数,所以0)ln 12(12≥+-ax x x 在区间(0,)+∞上恒成立. 即0ln 122≥+-ax x 在区间(0,)+∞上恒成立.所以△≤0,……………4分 又()h x '存在正零点,故△≥0所以△=0。
2009年房山区数学一模试题答案
房山区2009年中考数学模拟练习(1)参考答案一、选择题1. A ;2. D ;3.B ;4.D ;5.B ;6.A ;7.C ;8.C . 二、填空题9. x ≠1; 10.y x =-或21y x =-+等一次函数(只需k<0) ; 11. 1996 ; 12.(2,4)或(3,4)或(8,4).三、解答题13.解:原式=241+ ------------------4分=3 ------------------5分 14. 解:解不等式3x-2>4x-5得x <3 ------------------1分解不等式213x -≤1得x ≤2 ------------------2分 ∴原不等式组的解集为x ≤2, ------------------3分 ∴原不等式组的正整数解为x=1,2 ------------------5分15. 解:去分母得 2x (x -2)-3(x+2)=2(x+2)(x -2)------------------1分去括号得 22243628x x x x ---=- -----------------2分 移项、合并同类项得 7x=2 ------------------3分 系数化为1得 x=72------------------4分 经检验,x=72是原方程的解. ∴原方程的解是x=72------------------5分 16. 证明: ∵ABCD 是平行四边形,∴CD ∥FB∴∠DCE=∠F ------------------1分 ∵E 为AD 中点∴DE=AE ------------------2分 又∵∠DEC=∠FEA ------------------3分 ∴△CDE ≅△FAE ------------------4分 ∴CD=AF ------------------5分17. 解:∵522-=+y x ,∴x+y=25- ----------------1分∴724222-++y xy x =2(x+y )2-7 -------------------3分当x+y=25-时,原式==2×(25-)2-7=211-------------------5分四、解答题18. 解:过点A 作AF ∥DB 交CB 的延长线于点F ------------------1分∵AD ∥BC∴四边形AFBD 是平行四边形 ∴FB=AD ∵AD+BC=5∴FC=FB+BC= AD+BC=5 -----------------2分 ∵AC ⊥BD∴FA ⊥AC -------------3分 在△FAC 中,∠FAC=90°,AC=3,FC=5∴AF=4 ---------------4分 ∵AE ⊥BC 于E ∴AF ⋅AC=FC ⋅AE∴AE=125------------------5分 19. 解:(1)联结OD∵DE ⊥DB , ∴∠BDE=90°∴BE 是⊙O 的直径 ∵OB=OD ,∴∠OBD=∠ODB∵BD 平分∠ABC ,∴∠CBD=∠ABD , ∴∠CBD=∠ODB , ∴BC ∥OD∵90ACB ∠= ,∴BC ⊥AC ,∴OD ⊥AC -------------------1分 ∵OD 是⊙O 的半径∴AC 是⊙O 的切线 -------------------2分 (2)设⊙O 的半径为r ,在△ABC 中,∠ACB=90°,BC =9, CA =12∴15AB = -------------------3分 ∵BC ∥OD ,∴△ADO ∽△ACB .∴AO OD AB BC =.∴15159r r-=. ∴458r =.∴454BE = -------------------4分又∵BE 是⊙O 的直径.∴90BFE ∠=.∴△BEF ∽△BAC∴4534154EF BE AC BA ===. -------------------5分五、解答题20. 解:(1)扇形图中填:三姿良好12%,---1分条形统计图,如图所示 -----------2分 (2)500,12000 --------------4分 (3)答案不惟一,只要点评具有正确的导向性,且符合以下要点的意思,均可 给分要点:中学生应该坚持锻炼身体,努力纠正坐姿.站姿.走姿中的不良习惯,促进身心健康发展. --------6分六、解答题21. (1)设每条成衣生产线和童装生产线平均每天生产帐篷各x 、y 顶,则⎩⎨⎧=+=+178321052y x y x , ------------------------------------2分 解得:4132x y =⎧⎨=⎩ -----------------------------------4分答:每条成衣生产线平均每天生产帐篷41顶,每条童装生产线平均每天生产帐篷32顶. (2)由3(4×41+5×32)=972<1000知,即使工厂所有生产线全面转产,都不能如期完成任务. -----------------------------5分22.(1)正方形、矩形、直角梯形.(任选两个均可)(填正确一个得1分) (2)答案如图所示.M (3,4)或M (4,3)(没有写出坐标不扣分,画对一个得1分)七、解答题23. (1)证明:△=)12(41692+-++k k k k=k k k k 4816922--++ =122++k k=2)1(+k ≥ ∴方程必有两个实数根(2)用求根公式解出1211,2x x k=-=--,-------3分∴12x x =12k +∴11(2)1y x k=+- ----------4分255075 100125150175200坐姿 不良 站姿 不良 走姿 不良 三姿 良好类别(3)∵方程只有整数根且k 是小于0 的整数∴k =-1 ----------5分∴2y =-x 2-2x-11y =x-1 ----------------6分在坐标系中画出两函数的图象,由图象可知:当-3<x<0时,2y >1y .---------7分八、解答题24.解:(1)∵抛物线的对称轴是直线x =21∴-212=a b ∴a =1, ----------------------------1分 ∵抛物线向右平移一个单位过坐标原点(0,0),∴原抛物线过点(-1,0) ∴c =-2∴抛物线的解析式为 22--=x x y ---------------------------2分 (2)∵OC =OB =2,线段BC 的垂直平分线为直线y=-x ∵抛物线的对称轴为直线x=21 ∴△ABC 外接圆⊙D 的圆心D (21,-21) ----------------------3分 ∵∠ABC =45°,∴∠ADC =90° ∵AC =5 ,∴ABC-----4分(3) ∵S=52π,125S π=6, ∴S △ACM =6 ----------5分过点M 作EF ∥AC 交x 轴于E ,交y 轴于F , A (-1,0),B (2,0),C (0,-2)ACF ACM ACE S S S 611CF OA 6AE OC 622CF 12F 010AE 6E 50∆∆∆∴⋅⋅∴∴∴∴===,=,==,(,)=,(,),∴直线EF 的解析式为:210y x =-+ ------------------------6分 设点M 的坐标为(x,22x x --)ABCEGAC EC E∵M(x,22x x --)在直线EF 上∴22x x --=2x -+10,∴ 123,4x x ==-,124,18y y == ∴在抛物线上存在点M 使得S △ACM =125S π,且M 1(3,4),M 2(-4,18).----------7分九、解答题25. 解:(1)DF=BF 且DF ⊥BF.-----------------1分 证明:如图1:∵∠ABC =∠ADE=90︒,AB= BC ,AD=DE∴ ∠CDE=90︒,∠AED=∠ACB=45° ∵F 为CE 的中点 ∴ DF=EF=CF=BF ,∴ DF=BF ; ------------------2分∴ ∠DFE =2∠DCF ,∠BFE =2∠BCF ,∴∠EGF+∠CGF=2∠D CB=90°, 图1 即:∠DFB =90︒,∴DF ⊥BF. -------------------3分 (2)仍然成立.证明:如图2,延长DF 交BC 于点G ,∵∠ABC =∠ADE=90︒ ∴ D E∥BC , ∴∠DEF=∠GCF ,又∵ EF=CF ,∠DFE=∠GFC∴ △DEF ≌△GCF ,∴DE=CG ,DF=FG-----------4分 ∵AD=DE ,AB=BC ,∴AD=CG∴ BD =BG ---------------5分又∵∠ABC =90︒ 图2 ∴ EG=CG 且EG⊥CG. ---------------6分 (3)仍然成立.证明:如图3,延长BF 至点G ,使FG =BF ,联结DB 、DG ,GE∵EF=CF, ∠EFG=∠CFB ∴ △EFG ≌△CFB ,∴ EG=CB ,∠EGF =∠CBF , ∴EG ∥CB ,∵AB= BC ,AB ⊥CB,∴ EG=AB ,EG ⊥AB , ∵∠ADE=90°,EG⊥AB ∴∠DAB=∠DGE ∴ △DAB ≌△DEG ,∴ DG=DB, ∠ADB=∠EDG -----------------7分∴∠BDG=∠ADE=90° 图3 ∴△BGD 为等腰直角三角形,∴ DF=BF 且DF ⊥BF. ----------------8分。
09一模理综答案
2009年第一次模拟检测理科综合参考答案(物理部分67分)2009.3一、单选题:(每小题2分,共20分)13—17:ADBBD 18—22:CCBCC二、填空及简答题:(每空1分,共17分)23、10.0(左右) 2.8 2.8×10324、(1)力的方向(2)电路中的总功率过大(3)重力作用(4)小猴分得多,根据杠杆平衡条件,粗的一端力臂小,所以粗的一端重力大25、= 液体不流动时,连通器内液面相平>b管下端细,此处流速大,压强小26、 5 1.2 83.3% 527、①液体密度②物体排开液体的体积(重力)三、实验探究题:(每空1分,图1分,共17分)32、B 从A到B 图略33、二力平衡 2.8 没有控制压力保持不变34、150 117 倒出盐水的体积V/ml 30 1.1×10335、(一)(1)电压表正负接线柱接反了电压表指针反偏(2) B (3)电流表指针偏转较小,误差较大,应选小量程(4)10 (二)小亮四、计算应用题:(第39小题7分,第40小题6分,共13分)39、解:(1)电 ----(1分)机械----(1分)(2)v=s/t=9km/0.5h=18km/h ----(1分)(3)∵P=W/t ∴W=Pt=100W×1800s=1.8×105J∵W=Fs ∴F=W/s=1.8×105J/9×103m=20N ----(1分)∵匀速∴ F=f=20N ----(1分)W总=UIt=32V×4A×1800s=230400J ----(1分)(4)η=W有/W总=1.8×105J/230400J=78%----(1分)40、解:(1)开关接1,R1、R2串联∴U1= U-U2=9 V—3 V=6 V ----(1分)∴I1 =U1/R1=6V/6Ω=1A = I2----(1分)∴R2= U2/ I2= 3 V/ 1 A =3Ω----(1分)∴Q2= U2I2t=3 V×1 A×60s =180J ----(1分)(2)开关接2,L、R2串联L正常U L= U-U2〃=9 V—6 V=3V ----(1分)I2〃=U2〃/R2=6V/3Ω=2A = I L∴P L=U L I L=3 V×2A=6W ----(1分)2009年第一次模拟检测理科综合参考答案(化学部分53分)2009.3一、单选题:(每小题2分,共24分)1—5:CADCC 6—12:BDACBBC二、填空及简答题:(每空1分,共14分)28、(1)⑥(2)⑤(3)③29、(1)NaCl (2)+1 (3)H2SO4+Ca(OH)2=CaSO4+2H2O30、(1)加入C物质或升高温度(2)a (3)150(4)16.7%31、(1)CO (2)Na2CO3+C a(O H)2=C aCO3↓+2NaOH(3)Cu+2AgNO3=C u(N O3)2+2Ag置换反应三、实验探究题:(每空1分,共10分)36、(1)B (2)只有水或只有氧气的情况下,铁钉的生锈情况(3)铜绿中含有C元素(4)除去空气中的CO2氧气、水和二氧化碳37、加Ca(OH)2研磨,有刺激性气味 1.没有OH-1 2.CO32-3.有白色沉淀NH4Cl四、计算应用题:(第38小题5分)38、解:(1)得出产生0.2g氢气 ----(1分)(2)化学方程式----(1分)比例式 ----(1分)得出含9.8g硫酸 ----(1分)得出硫酸的质量分数19.6% ----(1分)完全正确,格式有问题减1分。
2009高三一模-答案(北京崇文)
1崇文2008-2009学年高三一模理综 物理参考答案及评分标准(09.3.31)21.(18分)(1)①3.43 (+0.02) (2分)②AB C (3分) (2)①B 、A 、F (每空1分共3分)②串(1分);19895 (2分) (3)①如图 (2分)②电容器充电到电压为U 0时所带的电荷量(2分) ③1.0×10-3(3分)22(16分)解:(1) (3分)设金属杆受安培力F A ,当金属杆达到最大速度时,杆受力平衡θsin mg F Am =(3分)(2)(8分)当杆达到最大速度时,感应电动势为E m ,感应电流为 I mE m = BLV m (2分)RBLv I mm =(2分) 由 F Am = BI m L (2分)LI F B m m=得 2sin Lv mgR B m θ=(2分) (3)(5分)设金属杆从静止开始至达到最大速度的过程中下降的高度为h由能量守恒 Q mv mgh m +=221(4分)得mgQ mv h m 222+=(1分)223(18分)解:(1) (4分) 设弹簧的最大弹性势能为E pm由功能关系211121)(c pm AC BA v m E s s g m -=+μ ① (2分) 得E pm =5.8J (2分)(2) (4分) 设物块P 与滑块Q 碰后最终与小车保持相对静止,其共同速度为v由动量守恒m 1v c =(m 1+m 2+ M )v ② (2分)v =0.4m/s (2分)(3)(10分)设物块P 与滑块Q 碰后速度分别为v 1和v 2 ,P 与Q 在小车上滑行距离分别为S 1和S 2P 与Q 碰撞前后动量守恒m 1v c =m 1 v 1+m 2 v 2 ③ (1分) 由动能定理 μ2m 1gS 1+μ2m 2gS 2=()221222211212121v M m m v m v m ++-+④ (2分) 由③④式联立得 v 1=1m/s (2分)v 2=2m/s(2分) 方程的另一组解:当v 2′=s /m 32时,v 1′=s /m 35,v 1′>v 2′不合题意舍去。
2009年高考全国卷1试题及答案(理综)
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国1卷理科综合能力测试本试卷共12页,满分300分,考试时间150分钟。
注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔将答题卡上,对应题目的答案标号涂写,如写改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,答在试题卷上无效。
3. 非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内,答在试题卷上无效。
4. 考试结束,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
选择题 共21小题,每小题6分,共126分.以下数据可供解题时参考 相对原子质量(原子量):H1 C12 O16 Na 23 S 32 K39 Cu 64一、选择题(本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
) 1.下列关于人类遗传病的叙述,错误..的是 A.单基因突变可以导致遗传病B.染色体结构的改变可以导致遗传病C .近亲婚配可增加隐形遗传病的发病风险 D.环境因素对多基因遗传病的发病无影响2.右图是某种微生物体内某一物质代谢过程的示意图。
下列有关酶活性调节的叙述,错误..的是 A.丁物质既是酶③催化生成的产物,又是酶③的反馈抑制物 B .戊物质通过与酶④结合导致酶④结构变化而使其活性下降 C.当丁物质和戊物质中任意一种过量时,酶①的活性都将受到抑制D .若此代谢途径的终产物不断排出菌体外,则可消除丙物质对酶①的抑制作用3.下列关于通过发酵工程生产谷氨酸的叙述,错误..的是 A.发酵时需不断通入无菌空气,否则会积累乳酸 B.发酵时常采用的培养基伟液体天然培养基 C .从自然界分离的野生型菌株可直接用于生产D .当菌体生长进入稳定期时,补充营养物可提高谷氨酸产量 4.下列关于植物体细胞杂交或植物细胞质遗传的叙述,错误..的是 A.利用植物体细胞杂交技术可克服生殖隔离的限制,培育远缘杂种 B.不同种植物原生质体融合的过程属于植物体细胞杂交过程C .两个不同品种的紫茉莉杂交,正交、反交所得F1的表现型一致D .两个不同品种的紫茉莉杂交,F1的遗传物质来自母本的多于来自父本的5.已知小麦抗病对感病为显性,无芒对有芒为显性,两对性独立遗传。
北京东城区2009年初三一模英语试题及答案
北京市东城区2008—2009学年度第二学期综合练习(一)初 三 英 语学校_____________ 姓名___________ 准考证号___________考生须知1. 本试卷分为第I 卷和第I 卷,第I 卷共8页,第II 卷共3页。
2. 本试卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
3. 在试卷、答题卡和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、姓名8. 和准考证号。
4. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在机读答题卡和答题纸上,小题号要对应,填涂、书写要规范。
5. 考试结束后,将试卷、答题卡和答题纸一并交回。
第I 卷 (机读卷 共70分)第一部分 听力 (18分)一、听对话,选择与对话内容相符的图片。
每段对话读两遍。
(共4分,每小题1分)请听第一段对话,完成第1小题。
请听第二段对话,完成第2小题。
请听第三段对话,完成第3小题。
请听第四段对话,完成第4小题。
二、听对话,根据其内容,从下列各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选择最佳选项。
每段对话读两遍。
(共14分,每小题1 分)请听第一段对话,回答第5小题。
What does the man want?A. Some flowers.B. Some bananas.C. Some books.请听第二段对话,回答第6小题。
6.Where does the woman want to go?A. The school.B. The post office.C. The library.请听第三段对话,回答第7小题。
7.How is the weather?A. Fine.B. Hot.C. Cold.请听第四段对话,回答第8小题。
8.Who is answering the telephone call?A. Bill.B. Mike.C. Kate.请听第五段对话,回答第9~ 10小题。
9. Why does the man just ask for a piece of apple pie?A. He’s in a hurry.B. He doesn’t eat much.C. He doesn’t haveenough money.10.How much will he pay?A. $4.99.B. $5.99.C. $3.98.请听第六段对话,回答第11 ~ 12小题。
2009英语一答案
2009英语一答案【篇一:2009年全国高考英语试题及答案(全国1卷)】s=txt>英语第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21. -it looks heavy. can i give you a hand?(搭把手//yes ,thanks. no, but thank you all the same)- . a. no, thanksb. yes, my pleasured. yes, i doc. no, never mind22. let’s go tocinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for whilea. the; the c. a; theb. the; a d. a ; a23. how much she looked without her glasses! a. well c. bestb. good d. better24. could i speak to is in charge of international sales please?a. whoc. whoeverb. what d. whatever25. what do you mean, there are only ten tickets? there be twelve a. should c. willb. would d. shall26. his sister left home in 1998, and since. a. had not been heard of c. had not heard of of27. i t ried phoning her office, but i couldn’t a. get along c. get tob. get on d. get through b. has not been heard ofd. has not heard28. she brought with her three friends, none of i had ever met before.a. them c. whomb. who d. these29. edward, you play so well. but i a. didn’t know c. don’t knowb. hadn’t known d. haven’t known30. the children all the famous actress as she entered the classroom.a. looked atb. to look at d. look atc. to looking atbecame more interested in the lessons.a. saved was teachers’ energy c. teachers’ energy was savedb. was teachers’ energy saved d. was saved teachers’ energy32. encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.a. draw c. rushb. strike d. pushhealtha. what c. thatb. this d. whichwords after they heard her moving story. a. beyond c. ofb. without d. in35. now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the a. taking第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) the true story of treasure islandit was always thought that treasure island was the product of robert louis stevenson’s imagination __,recent research has found the true story of this exciting work.stevenson, a scotsman, had livedfor many years in 1881 he returnedb. takec. takend. to taketo scotland for a with him were his american wife fanny and his son each morning stevenson would take them out for a longover the hills this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse, kept indoors by the heavy rain lloyd felt the days to keep one morning, the boy came to robert with a beautiful map of an island robertasked ―that’s the treasure ― said the boy robert suddenly something of an adventure story in the boy’swhile the rain was pouring robert sat down a twelve-year-old boy just like lloyd but who would he the pirate(海盗)?robert had a good friend named henley, who walked around with the of a wooden leg robert had always wanted to john silver the pirate with a wooden leg, was so thanks to a english language.36.a.however b.therefore 37.a.alone 38.a.meeting 39.a.lloyd 40.a.talkb.next door b.story b.robert b.restc.besides c.at home c.holiday c.henley c.walk c.planning c.busy c.drawing c.decided c.scotland c.discovered c.made c.picture c.writerd.finally d.abroad d.jib d.john d.game d.enjoying d.cold d.exercising d.recognized d.the island d.unexpected d.learned d.mind d.child41.a.attempting b.missing 42.a.quiet 43.a.cleaning 44.a.doubted 45.a.the seab.dull b.writing b.noticed b.the house46.a.forgotten b.buried 47.a.saw 48.a.book 49.a.starb.drew b.reply b.hero50.a.help 51.a.praise 52.a.yet 53.a.read 54.a.rainy 55.a.newsb.problem b.produce b.also b.born b.sunny b.lovec.use c.include c.but c.hired c.cool c.real-lifed.bottom d.accept d.thus d.written d.windy d.adventure第三部分阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)ai suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened looking down i immediately recognized that something was wrong and ran down to the edge of the near bank there i saw ma shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water and it was a life-and-death struggle her calf was floating and screaming with fear ma shwe was as near to the far bank as she could get, holding her whole body against the rushing water and keeping the calf pressed against her huge body every now and then the rushing water would sweep the calf a waythere was a sudden rise in the water and the calf was washed clean over the mother’s body and was gone ma shwe turned quickly to reach it and pressed the calf with her head and trunk (象鼻)against the rocky bank then with a huge effort shepicked it up in her trunk and tried until she was able to place it on a narrow shelf of rockjust at this moment she fell back into the river if she were carried down it would be certain death i knew as well as she did ,that there was one spot(地点)where she could get up the bank but it was on the other side from where she had put her calfwhile i was wondering what i could do next i heard the sound of a mother’s l ove ma shwe had crossed the river and got up the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could roaring(吼叫)all the time but to her calf it was music.56.the moment the author got down to the river bank hesaw______. a.the calf was about to fall into the river b.ma shwe was placing the calf on the rock c.the calf was washed away by the rising waterd.ma shwe was holding the calf against the rushing water 57.how did ma shwe manage to save her calf from the fast-flowing water? a.by putting it on a safe spot b.by pressing it against her body c.by taking it away with her d.by carrying it on her back58.how did the calf feel about the mother elephant’s roaring? a.it was a great comfortb.it was a sign of danger c.it was a call for help d.it was a musical note 59.what can be the best title for the text? a.a mother’s love b.a brave actc.a deadly riverd.a matter of life and deathbcomputer programmer david jones earns $35.000 a year designing new computer games. yet he cannot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card(信用卡)instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18 the 16-year-old works for a small firm in liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job david’s firm releases(推出)two new games for the fast growing computer market each monthbut david’s biggest headache is what to do with his money even though he earns a lot he cannot drive a car take out a mortgage(抵押贷款),or get credit cards david got his job with the liverpool-based company four months ago ,a year afterleaving school with six o-levels and working for a time in a computer shop ―i got the job because the people who run the firm knew i had already written some programs‖ he said david spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week but most of his spare time is spent working―unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school ― he said ―but i had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time i knew what i wanted to do and never considered staying on at school most people in this business are fairly young, anyway‖ davidadded :‖i would like to earn a million and i suppose early retirement(退休)is a possibility you never know when the market might disappear.‖【篇二:2009年考研英语真题及答案】ss=txt>英语试题section iuse of englishdirections: read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answer sheet 1.(10 points)research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. the fruit-fly experiments described in carl zimmer’s piece in the science times on tuesday. fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly to live shorter lives. this suggests that bulbs burn longer, that there is an in not being too terrifically bright.intelligence, it out, is a high-priced option. it takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual — instead of instinct. plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’v e apparently learned is when tois there an adaptive value to intelligence? that’s the question behind this new research. i like it. instead of casting a wistful glance at all the species we’ve left in the dust i.q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the realof our own intelligence might be. this is the mind of every animal i’ve ever met.1. [a] suppose [b] consider[c] observe [d] imagine2. [a] tended [b] feared [c] happened [d] threatened3. [a] thinner [b] stabler [c] lighter [d] dimmer4. [a] tendency [b] advantage [c] inclination [d] priority5. [a] insists on [b] sums up [c] turns out [d] puts forward6. [a] off[b] behind [c] over [d] along7. [a] incredible [b] spontaneous[c]inevitable [d] gradual8. [a] fight[b] doubt [c] stop [d] think9. [a] invisible [b] limited [c] indefinite[d] different10. [a] upward [b] forward [c] afterward[d] backward11. [a] features [b] influences [c] results[d] costs12. [a] outside [b] on [c] by [d] across13. [a] deliver [b] carry [c]perform [d] apply14. [a] by chance[b] in contrast [c] as usual [d] for instance15. [a] if[b] unless [c] as [d] lest16. [a] moderate [b] overcome [c] determine[d] reach17. [a] at [b] for[c] after [d] with18. [a] above all [b] after all [c] however[d] otherwise19. [a] fundamental[b] comprehensive [c] equivalent[d] hostile20. [a] by accident[b] in time[c] so far [d] better stillsection ii reading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions beloweach text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)text1habits are a funny thing. we reach for them mindlessly,setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfo rt of familiar routine. “not choice, but habit rules the ueflecting herd,” william wordsworth said in the 19th century. in the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.so it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.but don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once thosehippocampus, they’re there to stay. instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“the first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says dawna markova, author of “the open mind” and an executive change consultant for professional thinking partners. “but we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the decider.’ ” she adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. a good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”all of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. at puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.the current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “this breaks the major rule in the american belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains m. j. ryan, author of the 2006 book “this year i will...” and ms. markova’s business partner. “that’s a lie thatwe have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” this is where developing new habits comes in.21. the view of wordsworth habit is claimed by beinga. casualb. familiarc. mechanicald. changeable.22. the researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can bea. predictedb. regulatedc. tracedd. guided23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning toa. tracksb. seriesc. characteristicsd. connections24. ms. m arkova’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ?a, prevents new habits form being formedb, no longer emphasizes commonnessc, maintains the inherent american thinking modeld, complies with the american belief system25. ryan most probably agree thata. ideas are born of a relaxing mindb. innovativeness could be taughtc. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasd. curiosity activates creative mindstext 2it is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. all he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.more than 60,000 people have purchased the ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to doug fog, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. all tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare dna.but some observers are skeptical, “there is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says trey duster, a new york university sociologist. he notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial dna, which a passed down only from mothers. this dna can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump togetherinformation from different research projects. this means that a dna database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. in addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and notsubject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.in paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows ptk’s ___________.[a]easy availability[b]flexibility in pricing[c] successful promotion[d] popularity with households27. ptk is used to __________.[a]locate one’s birth place[b]promote genetic research[c] identify parent-child kinship[d] choose children for adoption28. skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing failsto__________.[a]trace distant ancestors[b] rebuild reliable bloodlines[c] fully use genetic information[d] achieve the claimed accuracy29. in the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.[a]disorganized data collection[b] overlapping database building30. an appropriate title for the text is most likely tobe__________.[a]fors and againsts of dna testing[b] dna testing and it’s problems[c]dna testing outside the lab[d] lies behind dna testingtext 3the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic developmentin poor countries is wrong. we are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. the findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and,as a result, radically higher standards of living.ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and japan at its pre-bubble peak. the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor u.s. economic performance. japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda nissan, and toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their japanese countere pants a result of the training that u.s. workers received on the job. more recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-english- speaking mexican workers in houston, texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.what is the real relationship between education and economic development? we have tosuspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it. after all, that’s how education got started. when our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t hav e time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.as education improved, humanity’s productivity potential, they could in turn afford moreeducation. this increasingly high level of education isprobably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. a lack of formal education, however, doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforce to substantially improveproductivity for the forested future. on the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is.31. the author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries___________.[a] is subject groundless doubts[b] has fallen victim of bias[c] is conventional downgraded[d] has been overestimated32. it is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.[a]challenges economists and politicians[b]takes efforts of generations[c] demands priority from the government[d] requires sufficient labor force33.a major difference between the japanese and u.s workforces is that __________.[a] the japanese workforce is better disciplined[b] the japanese workforce is more productive[c]the u.s workforce has a better education[d] ]the u.s workforce is more organize34. the author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.[a] when people had enough time[b] prior to better ways of finding food[c] when people on longer went hung[d] as a result of pressure on government35. according to the last paragraph , development of education __________.[a] results directly from competitive environments[b] does not depend on economic performance[c] follows improved productivity[d] cannot afford political changes【篇三:200910综合英语一试题及答案】ss=txt>综合英语(一)试题课程代码:00794Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。
2009年全国高考全国卷1语文答案
1.【答案】D【考点】考查正确识记现代汉语普通话的字音,能力层级为A级。
【解析】A.菁华(jīng);B.吐蕃(bō);C.梵文(fàn)。
【思路分析】该题每一个选项中加点的字都是常见易读错的字,涉及多音字、形声字、形近字。
针对命题特点,只要平时多注意积累,勤查字典,问题就可迎刃而解。
其中多音字可以通过记少推多(如“呱呱坠地”仅在此处读gū)、区别口语和书面语或区别词性、词义(如“冠心病”,“冠”,帽子(名词)/“冠军”,第一)。
2.【答案】B【考点】考查成语的选用,能力层级为D级。
【解析】A.寻根究底:寻找根源,追究底细,弄清来龙去脉。
B.春秋鼎盛:春秋,指年龄;鼎盛,正当旺盛之时。
比喻正当壮年。
应用对象应该是人,不能用于修饰“时代”等,这里用错对象。
C.崇论宏议:崇,高;宏,大。
指高明宏大的议论或见解。
D.明日黄花:明日,指重阳节后;黄花,菊花。
原指重阳节过后逐渐萎谢的菊花。
后多比喻已失去新闻价值的报道或已失去应时作用的事物。
【思路分析】成语的运用要靠平时多积累。
熟记其意义和用法。
另外还要注意适用范围和对象(如“明日黄花”、“春秋鼎盛”)是否准确,感情色彩是否得当,与语境是否矛盾或重复,是否有语法错误等,切忌望文生义,并注意一词多义现象。
3.【答案】C【考点】考查辨析语病的能力,能力层级为D级。
【解析】A项“病情很容易迅速蔓延”暗换主语造成搭配不当,原来的主语是“甲型流感病毒”可在后一分句“不想办法找到它的演变原理,病情很容易迅速蔓延”的关联词“如果”前加“我们”。
B项缺谓语导致“学”与“活动”不搭配,应该为“开展学雷锋活动”。
D项语序混乱或句式杂揉,将“为期两天”提至“这次”之前作定语,或将“为期两天发表意见并进行各种交流”改为“进行了为期两天的意见交流”。
【思路分析】辨析语病除要掌握《考试大纲》里规定的六种病句类型外,还应注意句中可能出现的标志词:两面词、否定词、数量词、代词、关联词和并列短语等等;考生可采用提取主干法(如B项)、语感审读法(如D项)来初步判别。
09高考完形填空真题_及答案
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷一)完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
The True Story of Treasure IslandIt was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson's imagination. 36 , recent research has found the true story of this exciting work..Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 37 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a 38 With him were his American wife Fanny and his son 39 .Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long 40 over the hills. They had been 41 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors by the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 42 . To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some 43.One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert 44 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 45 . "" What's that?" he asked. "That's the 46 treasure, "' said the boy. Robert suddenly 47 something of an adventure story in the boy's 48 . While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by-the fire to write a story. He would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate(海盗)?Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the 50 of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to 51 such a man in a story. 52 Long John Silver. the pirate with a wooden leg, was 53 .So, thanks to a 54 September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and, the magination of a twelve-year-old bey, we have one of the greatest 55 stories in the English language.36. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Finally37. A. alone B. next door C. at home D. abroad38. A. meeting B. story C. holiday D. job39. A. Lloyd B. Robert C. Henley D. John40. A. talk B. walk C. rest D. game41. A. attempting B. missing C. planning D. enjoying42. A. quiet B. dull C. busy D. cold43. A. cleaning B. writing C. drawing D. exercising44. A. doubted B. noticed C. decided D. recognized45. A. the sea B. Scotland C. the house D. the island46. A. forgotten B. discovered C. buried D.unexpected47. A. saw B. drew C. made D. learned48. A. book B, reply C. picture D. mind49. A. star B. hero C. writer D. child50. A. help B. use C. problem D. bottom51. A. praise B. produce C. include D. accept52. A. Yet B. Also C. But D. Thus53. A. read B. born C. hired D. written54. A. rainy B. sunny C. cool D. windy55.A.news B, real-life C. love D. adventure2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)James's New BicycleJames shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully 36 the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90 ! 37 on earth was he going to get the 38_ of the money?He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was 39 to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There Was no 40 asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to 41 .There was only one way to get money, and that was to 42 it. He would have to find a job.43 who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had 44 on most things." Well, you can start right here," said Mr. Clay. "My windows need Cleaning and my car needs washing."That was the 45 of James's odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the 46 of jobs that people found for him to do. Hetook dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the 47 of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the 48 increased and he knew that he wouldsoon have 49 for the bicycle he longed for.The day 50 came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He 51 no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode 52 home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard 53 for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more 54 he bad bought it with his own money. He had55 what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.36. A. cleaned B. covered C. counted D. checked37. A. How B. Why C. Who D. What38. A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. save42. A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect43. A. Or B. So C. For D. But44. A. decisions B. experience C. opinions D. knowledge45. A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening46. A. similarity B. quality C. suitability D. variety47. A. brand B. number C. size D. type48. A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble49. A. all B. enough C. much D. some50. A. finally B. instantly C. normally D. regularly51. A. gave B.left C. took D. wasted52. A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly53. A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working54. A. since B. if C. than D. though55. A. deserved B. benefited C. achieved D. learned2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)lll. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Most people believe they don't have much imagination: They are 50 Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 51 it. Creativity isn't always 52 53 answer or you just want to expand your mind! Her6 are three techniques to help you.Making connections This technique involves" taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them. "First, think about the probem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words 55 stage is to relate the 56 to the job you have to do. So imagine you Want to buy a friend an original 57 ; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.No limits!Imagine that normal limitations don't 58 . You have as much time/space/ money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 59 . If your goal is to learn to ski,60 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life ( because you have the time and the money).61 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December. or everyBe someone else!Look at the situation from a 62 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 63 in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can't she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 64 The best fishermen think like fish!B. unbelievableC. reasonableD. realistic51. A. put up with B. catch, up with C, make use of D. keep track of52. A. equipped B. compared C. covered D. connected53. A. skillfully B. routinely C. vividly D. deeply54. A. familiar B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary55. A. presented B. marked C. lit D. associated56. A. ideas B. ambitions C. achievement D. technique57: A. experience B. service C. present D. object58. A. work B. last C. exist D. change59. A. possibilities B. limitations C. tendency D. practice60. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example,61. A. devote B. adapt C. lead D. keep62. A. private B. global C. different D. practical63. A. features B. themes C. creatures D. characters64. A. positions B. dreams C. images D. directions2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16。
2009年理综答案-全国1
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国1卷)理科综合能力测试参考答案一、选择题(本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.答案D【解析】人类遗传病是指由于遗传物质改变而引起的人类疾病,主要可以分为单基因遗传病、多基因遗传病和染色体异常遗传病。
单基因突变可以遗传病,如镰刀型细胞贫血症;染色体结构改变可以导致遗传病,如猫叫综合征;近亲婚配可增加隐性遗传病的发病风险,因为近亲婚配的双方从共同祖先那里继承同一种致病基因的机会较非近亲婚配的大大增加,结果双方很可能都是同一种致病基因的携带者,这们后代隐性遗传病发病风险大大增加;多基因遗传病不仅表现出家庭聚集现象,还比较容易受环境因素的影响。
因此,D错误。
2. 答案C【解析】微生物代谢的调节主要有两种形式:酶合成的调节和酶活性的调节。
酶活性的调节是微生物通过改变已有酶的催化活性来调节代谢有速率。
酶活性发生改变的主要原因是代谢过程中产生的物质与酶结合,致使酶的结构产生变化,但这种变化是可逆的,当代谢产物与酶脱离时,酶结构便会复原,又恢复原有的活性。
因此A、B、D正确。
当丁物质和戊物质中任意一种过量时,不一定会导致丙物质积累,以抑制酶①的活性。
故C错误。
3.答案C【解析】发酵工程生产谷氨酸,溶氧不足,会产生乳酸或琥珀酸;培养基通常有豆饼的水解液、玉米浆、尿素、磷酸氢二钾、氧化钾、硫酸镁、生物素等配制而成,呈液体状态,因此是液体天然培养基;从自然界分离的野生型菌株,产量一般都比较低,不能满足工业上的需要,通常都要用人工诱变的方法处理,使菌种产生突变,再从中筛选出符合要求的优良菌种,才能用于生产。
当菌体生长进入稳定期时,要及时补充营养物以满足菌体的营养需求以提高谷氨酸的产量。
故C不正确。
4. 答案C【解析】植物体细胞杂交可以用两种不同的植物细胞,从而可克服生殖隔离的限制,植物体细胞杂交的过程,实际上是不同植物体细胞的原生质体融合的过程。
2009年全国统一高考数学试卷(理科)(全国卷一)及答案
2009年全国统一高考数学试卷(理科)(全国卷Ⅰ)一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.(5分)设集合A={4,5,7,9},B={3,4,7,8,9},全集U=A∪B,则集合∁U(A∩B)中的元素共有()A.3个 B.4个 C.5个 D.6个2.(5分)已知=2+i,则复数z=()A.﹣1+3i B.1﹣3i C.3+i D.3﹣i3.(5分)不等式<1的解集为()A.{x|0<x<1}∪{x|x>1}B.{x|0<x<1}C.{x|﹣1<x<0}D.{x|x<0} 4.(5分)已知双曲线﹣=1(a>0,b>0)的渐近线与抛物线y=x2+1相切,则该双曲线的离心率为()A.B.2 C.D.5.(5分)甲组有5名男同学,3名女同学;乙组有6名男同学、2名女同学.若从甲、乙两组中各选出2名同学,则选出的4人中恰有1名女同学的不同选法共有()A.150种B.180种C.300种D.345种6.(5分)设、、是单位向量,且,则•的最小值为()A.﹣2 B.﹣2 C.﹣1 D.1﹣7.(5分)已知三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的侧棱与底面边长都相等,A1在底面ABC上的射影D为BC的中点,则异面直线AB与CC1所成的角的余弦值为()A.B.C.D.8.(5分)如果函数y=3cos(2x+φ)的图象关于点(,0)中心对称,那么|φ|的最小值为()A.B.C.D.9.(5分)已知直线y=x+1与曲线y=ln(x+a)相切,则a的值为()A.1 B.2 C.﹣1 D.﹣210.(5分)已知二面角α﹣l﹣β为60°,动点P、Q分别在面α、β内,P到β的距离为,Q到α的距离为,则P、Q两点之间距离的最小值为()A.1 B.2 C.D.411.(5分)函数f(x)的定义域为R,若f(x+1)与f(x﹣1)都是奇函数,则()A.f(x)是偶函数B.f(x)是奇函数C.f(x)=f(x+2) D.f(x+3)是奇函数12.(5分)已知椭圆C:+y2=1的右焦点为F,右准线为l,点A∈l,线段AF 交C于点B,若=3,则||=()A.B.2 C.D.3二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.(5分)(x﹣y)10的展开式中,x7y3的系数与x3y7的系数之和等于.14.(5分)设等差数列{a n}的前n项和为S n,若S9=81,则a2+a5+a8=.15.(5分)直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的各顶点都在同一球面上,若AB=AC=AA1=2,∠BAC=120°,则此球的表面积等于.16.(5分)若,则函数y=tan2xtan3x的最大值为.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.(10分)在△ABC中,内角A、B、C的对边长分别为a、b、c,已知a2﹣c2=2b,且sinAcosC=3cosAsinC,求b.18.(12分)如图,四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD为矩形,SD⊥底面ABCD,AD=,DC=SD=2,点M在侧棱SC上,∠ABM=60°(I)证明:M是侧棱SC的中点;(Ⅱ)求二面角S﹣AM﹣B的大小.19.(12分)甲、乙二人进行一次围棋比赛,约定先胜3局者获得这次比赛的胜利,比赛结束,假设在一局中,甲获胜的概率为0.6,乙获胜的概率为0.4,各局比赛结果相互独立,已知前2局中,甲、乙各胜1局.(I)求甲获得这次比赛胜利的概率;(Ⅱ)设ξ表示从第3局开始到比赛结束所进行的局数,求ξ的分布列及数学期望.20.(12分)在数列{a n}中,a1=1,a n+1=(1+)a n+.(1)设b n=,求数列{b n}的通项公式;(2)求数列{a n}的前n项和S n.21.(12分)如图,已知抛物线E:y2=x与圆M:(x﹣4)2+y2=r2(r>0)相交于A、B、C、D四个点.(Ⅰ)求r的取值范围;(Ⅱ)当四边形ABCD的面积最大时,求对角线AC、BD的交点P的坐标.22.(12分)设函数f(x)=x3+3bx2+3cx在两个极值点x1、x2,且x1∈[﹣1,0],x2∈[1,2].(1)求b、c满足的约束条件,并在下面的坐标平面内,画出满足这些条件的点(b,c)的区域;(2)证明:.2009年全国统一高考数学试卷(理科)(全国卷Ⅰ)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)设集合A={4,5,7,9},B={3,4,7,8,9},全集U=A∪B,则集合∁U(A∩B)中的元素共有()A.3个 B.4个 C.5个 D.6个【分析】根据交集含义取A、B的公共元素写出A∩B,再根据补集的含义求解.【解答】解:A∪B={3,4,5,7,8,9},A∩B={4,7,9}∴∁U(A∩B)={3,5,8}故选A.也可用摩根律:∁U(A∩B)=(∁U A)∪(∁U B)故选A2.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知=2+i,则复数z=()A.﹣1+3i B.1﹣3i C.3+i D.3﹣i【分析】化简复数直接求解,利用共轭复数可求z.【解答】解:,∴故选B3.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)不等式<1的解集为()A.{x|0<x<1}∪{x|x>1}B.{x|0<x<1}C.{x|﹣1<x<0}D.{x|x<0}【分析】本题为绝对值不等式,去绝对值是关键,可利用绝对值意义去绝对值,也可两边平方去绝对值.【解答】解:∵<1,∴|x+1|<|x﹣1|,∴x2+2x+1<x2﹣2x+1.∴x<0.∴不等式的解集为{x|x<0}.故选D4.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知双曲线﹣=1(a>0,b>0)的渐近线与抛物线y=x2+1相切,则该双曲线的离心率为()A.B.2 C.D.【分析】先求出渐近线方程,代入抛物线方程,根据判别式等于0,找到a和b 的关系,从而推断出a和c的关系,答案可得.【解答】解:由题双曲线的一条渐近线方程为,代入抛物线方程整理得ax2﹣bx+a=0,因渐近线与抛物线相切,所以b2﹣4a2=0,即,故选择C.5.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)甲组有5名男同学,3名女同学;乙组有6名男同学、2名女同学.若从甲、乙两组中各选出2名同学,则选出的4人中恰有1名女同学的不同选法共有()A.150种B.180种C.300种D.345种【分析】选出的4人中恰有1名女同学的不同选法,1名女同学来自甲组和乙组两类型.【解答】解:分两类(1)甲组中选出一名女生有C51•C31•C62=225种选法;(2)乙组中选出一名女生有C52•C61•C21=120种选法.故共有345种选法.故选D6.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)设、、是单位向量,且,则•的最小值为()A.﹣2 B.﹣2 C.﹣1 D.1﹣【分析】由题意可得=,故要求的式子即﹣()•+=1﹣cos=1﹣cos,再由余弦函数的值域求出它的最小值.【解答】解:∵、、是单位向量,,∴,=.∴•=﹣()•+=0﹣()•+1=1﹣cos=1﹣cos≥.故选项为D7.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的侧棱与底面边长都相等,A1在底面ABC上的射影D为BC的中点,则异面直线AB与CC1所成的角的余弦值为()A.B.C.D.【分析】首先找到异面直线AB与CC1所成的角(如∠A1AB);而欲求其余弦值可考虑余弦定理,则只要表示出A1B的长度即可;不妨设三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的侧棱与底面边长为1,利用勾股定理即可求之.【解答】解:设BC的中点为D,连接A1D、AD、A1B,易知θ=∠A1AB即为异面直线AB与CC1所成的角;并设三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的侧棱与底面边长为1,则|AD|=,|A1D|=,|A1B|=,由余弦定理,得cosθ==.故选D.8.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)如果函数y=3cos(2x+φ)的图象关于点(,0)中心对称,那么|φ|的最小值为()A.B.C.D.【分析】先根据函数y=3cos(2x+φ)的图象关于点中心对称,令x=代入函数使其等于0,求出φ的值,进而可得|φ|的最小值.【解答】解:∵函数y=3cos(2x+φ)的图象关于点中心对称.∴∴由此易得.故选A9.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知直线y=x+1与曲线y=ln(x+a)相切,则a的值为()A.1 B.2 C.﹣1 D.﹣2【分析】切点在切线上也在曲线上得到切点坐标满足两方程;又曲线切点处的导数值是切线斜率得第三个方程.【解答】解:设切点P(x0,y0),则y0=x0+1,y0=ln(x0+a),又∵∴x0+a=1∴y0=0,x0=﹣1∴a=2.故选项为B10.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知二面角α﹣l﹣β为60°,动点P、Q分别在面α、β内,P到β的距离为,Q到α的距离为,则P、Q两点之间距离的最小值为()A.1 B.2 C.D.4【分析】分别作QA⊥α于A,AC⊥l于C,PB⊥β于B,PD⊥l于D,连CQ,BD 则∠ACQ=∠PBD=60°,在三角形APQ中将PQ表示出来,再研究其最值即可.【解答】解:如图分别作QA⊥α于A,AC⊥l于C,PB⊥β于B,PD⊥l于D,连CQ,BD则∠ACQ=∠PDB=60°,,∴AC=PD=2又∵当且仅当AP=0,即点A与点P重合时取最小值.故答案选C.11.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)函数f(x)的定义域为R,若f(x+1)与f(x﹣1)都是奇函数,则()A.f(x)是偶函数B.f(x)是奇函数C.f(x)=f(x+2) D.f(x+3)是奇函数【分析】首先由奇函数性质求f(x)的周期,然后利用此周期推导选择项.【解答】解:∵f(x+1)与f(x﹣1)都是奇函数,∴函数f(x)关于点(1,0)及点(﹣1,0)对称,∴f(x)+f(2﹣x)=0,f(x)+f(﹣2﹣x)=0,故有f(2﹣x)=f(﹣2﹣x),函数f(x)是周期T=[2﹣(﹣2)]=4的周期函数.∴f(﹣x﹣1+4)=﹣f(x﹣1+4),f(﹣x+3)=﹣f(x+3),f(x+3)是奇函数.故选D12.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)已知椭圆C:+y2=1的右焦点为F,右准线为l,点A∈l,线段AF交C于点B,若=3,则||=()A.B.2 C.D.3【分析】过点B作BM⊥x轴于M,设右准线l与x轴的交点为N,根据椭圆的性质可知FN=1,进而根据,求出BM,AN,进而可得|AF|.【解答】解:过点B作BM⊥x轴于M,并设右准线l与x轴的交点为N,易知FN=1.由题意,故FM=,故B点的横坐标为,纵坐标为±即BM=,故AN=1,∴.故选A二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)(x﹣y)10的展开式中,x7y3的系数与x3y7的系数之和等于﹣240.【分析】首先要了解二项式定理:(a+b)n=C n0a n b0+C n1a n﹣1b1+C n2a n﹣2b2++C n r a n﹣r b r++C n n a0b n,各项的通项公式为:T r=C n r a n﹣r b r.然后根据题目已知求解即可.+1【解答】解:因为(x﹣y)10的展开式中含x7y3的项为C103x10﹣3y3(﹣1)3=﹣C103x7y3,含x3y7的项为C107x10﹣7y7(﹣1)7=﹣C107x3y7.由C103=C107=120知,x7y3与x3y7的系数之和为﹣240.故答案为﹣240.14.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)设等差数列{a n}的前n项和为S n,若S9=81,则a2+a5+a8=27.【分析】由s9解得a5即可.【解答】解:∵∴a5=9∴a2+a5+a8=3a5=27故答案是2715.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1的各顶点都在同一球面上,若AB=AC=AA1=2,∠BAC=120°,则此球的表面积等于20π.【分析】通过正弦定理求出底面外接圆的半径,设此圆圆心为O',球心为O,在RT△OBO'中,求出球的半径,然后求出球的表面积.【解答】解:在△ABC中AB=AC=2,∠BAC=120°,可得由正弦定理,可得△ABC外接圆半径r=2,设此圆圆心为O',球心为O,在RT△OBO'中,易得球半径,故此球的表面积为4πR2=20π故答案为:20π16.(5分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)若,则函数y=tan2xtan3x的最大值为﹣8.【分析】见到二倍角2x 就想到用二倍角公式,之后转化成关于tanx的函数,将tanx看破成整体,最后转化成函数的最值问题解决.【解答】解:令tanx=t,∵,∴故填:﹣8.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.(10分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)在△ABC中,内角A、B、C的对边长分别为a、b、c,已知a2﹣c2=2b,且sinAcosC=3cosAsinC,求b.【分析】根据正弦定理和余弦定理将sinAcosC=3cosAsinC化成边的关系,再根据a2﹣c2=2b即可得到答案.【解答】解:法一:在△ABC中∵sinAcosC=3cosAsinC,则由正弦定理及余弦定理有:,化简并整理得:2(a2﹣c2)=b2.又由已知a2﹣c2=2b∴4b=b2.解得b=4或b=0(舍);法二:由余弦定理得:a2﹣c2=b2﹣2bccosA.又a2﹣c2=2b,b≠0.所以b=2ccosA+2①又sinAcosC=3cosAsinC,∴sinAcosC+cosAsinC=4cosAsinCsin(A+C)=4cosAsinC,即sinB=4cosAsinC由正弦定理得,故b=4ccosA②由①,②解得b=4.18.(12分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)如图,四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,底面ABCD为矩形,SD⊥底面ABCD,AD=,DC=SD=2,点M在侧棱SC上,∠ABM=60°(I)证明:M是侧棱SC的中点;(Ⅱ)求二面角S﹣AM﹣B的大小.【分析】(Ⅰ)法一:要证明M是侧棱SC的中点,作MN∥SD交CD于N,作NE⊥AB交AB于E,连ME、NB,则MN⊥面ABCD,ME⊥AB,设MN=x,则NC=EB=x,解RT△MNE即可得x的值,进而得到M为侧棱SC的中点;法二:分别以DA、DC、DS为x、y、z轴如图建立空间直角坐标系D﹣xyz,并求出S点的坐标、C点的坐标和M点的坐标,然后根据中点公式进行判断;法三:分别以DA、DC、DS为x、y、z轴如图建立空间直角坐标系D﹣xyz,构造空间向量,然后数乘向量的方法来证明.(Ⅱ)我们可以以D为坐标原点,分别以DA、DC、DS为x、y、z轴如图建立空间直角坐标系D﹣xyz,我们可以利用向量法求二面角S﹣AM﹣B的大小.【解答】证明:(Ⅰ)作MN∥SD交CD于N,作NE⊥AB交AB于E,连ME、NB,则MN⊥面ABCD,ME⊥AB,设MN=x,则NC=EB=x,在RT△MEB中,∵∠MBE=60°∴.在RT△MNE中由ME2=NE2+MN2∴3x2=x2+2解得x=1,从而∴M为侧棱SC的中点M.(Ⅰ)证法二:分别以DA、DC、DS为x、y、z轴如图建立空间直角坐标系D﹣xyz,则.设M(0,a,b)(a>0,b>0),则,,由题得,即解之个方程组得a=1,b=1即M(0,1,1)所以M是侧棱SC的中点.(I)证法三:设,则又故,即,解得λ=1,所以M是侧棱SC的中点.(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得,又,,设分别是平面SAM、MAB的法向量,则且,即且分别令得z1=1,y1=1,y2=0,z2=2,即,∴二面角S﹣AM﹣B的大小.19.(12分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)甲、乙二人进行一次围棋比赛,约定先胜3局者获得这次比赛的胜利,比赛结束,假设在一局中,甲获胜的概率为0.6,乙获胜的概率为0.4,各局比赛结果相互独立,已知前2局中,甲、乙各胜1局.(I)求甲获得这次比赛胜利的概率;(Ⅱ)设ξ表示从第3局开始到比赛结束所进行的局数,求ξ的分布列及数学期望.【分析】(1)由题意知前2局中,甲、乙各胜1局,甲要获得这次比赛的胜利需在后面的比赛中先胜两局,根据各局比赛结果相互独立,根据相互独立事件的概率公式得到结果.(2)由题意知ξ表示从第3局开始到比赛结束所进行的局数,由上一问可知ξ的可能取值是2、3,由于各局相互独立,得到变量的分布列,求出期望.【解答】解:记A i表示事件:第i局甲获胜,(i=3、4、5)B i表示第j局乙获胜,j=3、4(1)记B表示事件:甲获得这次比赛的胜利,∵前2局中,甲、乙各胜1局,∴甲要获得这次比赛的胜利需在后面的比赛中先胜两局,∴B=A3A4+B3A4A5+A3B4A5由于各局比赛结果相互独立,∴P(B)=P(A3A4)+P(B3A4A5)+P(A3B4A5)=0.6×0.6+0.4×0.6×0.6+0.6×0.4×0.6=0.648(2)ξ表示从第3局开始到比赛结束所进行的局数,由上一问可知ξ的可能取值是2、3由于各局相互独立,得到ξ的分布列P(ξ=2)=P(A3A4+B3B4)=0.52P(ξ=3)=1﹣P(ξ=2)=1﹣0.52=0.48∴Eξ=2×0.52+3×0.48=2.48.20.(12分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)在数列{a n}中,a1=1,a n+1=(1+)a n+.(1)设b n=,求数列{b n}的通项公式;(2)求数列{a n}的前n项和S n.【分析】(1)由已知得=+,即b n=b n+,由此能够推导出所求的通+1项公式.(2)由题设知a n=2n﹣,故S n=(2+4+…+2n)﹣(1++++…+),设T n=1++++…+,由错位相减法能求出T n=4﹣.从而导出数列{a n}的前n项和S n.【解答】解:(1)由已知得b1=a1=1,且=+,即b n=b n+,从而b2=b1+,+1b3=b2+,b n=b n﹣1+(n≥2).于是b n=b1+++…+=2﹣(n≥2).又b1=1,故所求的通项公式为b n=2﹣.(2)由(1)知a n=2n﹣,故S n=(2+4+…+2n)﹣(1++++…+),设T n=1++++…+,①T n=+++…++,②①﹣②得,T n=1++++…+﹣=﹣=2﹣﹣,∴T n=4﹣.∴S n=n(n+1)+﹣4.21.(12分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)如图,已知抛物线E:y2=x与圆M:(x﹣4)2+y2=r2(r>0)相交于A、B、C、D四个点.(Ⅰ)求r的取值范围;(Ⅱ)当四边形ABCD的面积最大时,求对角线AC、BD的交点P的坐标.【分析】(1)先联立抛物线与圆的方程消去y,得到x的二次方程,根据抛物线E:y2=x与圆M:(x﹣4)2+y2=r2(r>0)相交于A、B、C、D四个点的充要条件是此方程有两个不相等的正根,可求出r的范围.(2)先设出四点A,B,C,D的坐标再由(1)中的x二次方程得到两根之和、两根之积,表示出面积并求出其的平方值,最后根据三次均值不等式确定得到最大值时的点P的坐标.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)将抛物线E:y2=x代入圆M:(x﹣4)2+y2=r2(r>0)的方程,消去y2,整理得x2﹣7x+16﹣r2=0(1)抛物线E:y2=x与圆M:(x﹣4)2+y2=r2(r>0)相交于A、B、C、D四个点的充要条件是:方程(1)有两个不相等的正根∴即.解这个方程组得,.(II)设四个交点的坐标分别为、、、.则直线AC、BD的方程分别为y﹣=•(x﹣x1),y+=(x﹣x1),解得点P的坐标为(,0),则由(I)根据韦达定理有x1+x2=7,x1x2=16﹣r2,则∴令,则S2=(7+2t)2(7﹣2t)下面求S2的最大值.由三次均值有:当且仅当7+2t=14﹣4t,即时取最大值.经检验此时满足题意.故所求的点P的坐标为.22.(12分)(2009•全国卷Ⅰ)设函数f(x)=x3+3bx2+3cx在两个极值点x1、x2,且x1∈[﹣1,0],x2∈[1,2].(1)求b、c满足的约束条件,并在下面的坐标平面内,画出满足这些条件的点(b,c)的区域;(2)证明:.【分析】(1)根据极值的意义可知,极值点x1、x2是导函数等于零的两个根,根据根的分布建立不等关系,画出满足条件的区域即可;(2)先用消元法消去参数b,利用参数c表示出f(x2)的值域,再利用参数c 的范围求出f(x2)的范围即可.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)f'(x)=3x2+6bx+3c,(2分)依题意知,方程f'(x)=0有两个根x1、x2,且x1∈[﹣1,0],x2∈[1,2]等价于f'(﹣1)≥0,f'(0)≤0,f'(1)≤0,f'(2)≥0.由此得b,c满足的约束条件为(4分)满足这些条件的点(b,c)的区域为图中阴影部分.(6分)(Ⅱ)由题设知f'(x2)=3x22+6bx2+3c=0,则,故.(8分)由于x2∈[1,2],而由(Ⅰ)知c≤0,故.又由(Ⅰ)知﹣2≤c≤0,(10分)所以.。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)文科综合能力测试(含答案解析)
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)文科综合能力测试(含答案解析)第I卷第I卷共35小题,每小题4分,共140分。
在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
甲市2008年户籍人口出生9.67万人,出生率为0.699%;死亡10.7万人,死亡率为0.773%。
甲市户籍人口这种自然增长态势已持续14年。
图上显示四个地区的人口出生率和死亡率。
据此完成1—2题.1.甲市可能是A.西宁 B.延安 C.上海 D. 广州【解析】该题考查考生的基本能力----计算能力和分析能力,通过题目中给出的有关信息,可以计算出该市的总人口和死亡率,可以发现该地死亡率高于出生率,人口负增长,从而可以判定应选----上海.2.①②③④四个地区中,人口再生产与甲市处于同一类型的地区是A.① B. ②C. ③D. ④【解析】从上题可知甲市人口增长为现代型,图中四地为现代型的只有A.图2示意某区域某月一条海平面等压线,图中N地气压高于P地.读图2,完成3—5题。
3. N地风向为A. 东北风B. 东南风C. 西北风D. 西南风【解析】从图中提供的信息可以看出,N处在高压脊上,气压梯度力垂直等压线只向低压,在北半球右偏----东北风.4. M、N、P、Q四地中,阴雨天气最有可能出现在A. M地B. N地C. P地D. Q地【解析】从图中提供的信息可以看出,P处低压槽部,最有可能出现阴雨天气,应选C.5. 当M地月平均气压为全年最高的月份,可能出现的地理现象是A. 巴西高原处于干季B.尼罗河进入丰水期C. 美国大平原麦收正忙D.我国东北地区寒冷干燥【解析】M处在北半球,气压最高的月份在冬季1月,故选D.甲、乙两地点之间有三条道路相连。
某地理活动小组测绘了这三条道路的纵向剖面图(图3)。
读图3,完成6—8题。
6. 甲、乙两地点间高差大致为A. 80MB. 110MC. 170MD. 220M【解析】从题目当中很清楚看出,两地高度分别为260和150,故高差为110 选B.7.在对应的地形图上可以看出A.道路①为直线B.道路②经过甲、乙两地间的最高点C.道路③最长D.道路①和②可能有部分道路重合【解析】从图可以看出,①水平距离最长,不会是直线,③水平距离最短,两地之间的最高点可达375米左右,排除法,可选D.8.若使用大型运输车从乙地运送重型机械设备至甲地,最适合行车的是A.道路③B.道路①C.道路①和②D.道路②和③【解析】运输重型机械,最好选平坦的道路,故选B.道路①.我国南水北调方案中涉及的某水源地总面积约94700km²,表1为该地区域部分土地覆盖类型面积构成,图4示意该区域部分土地覆被类型的地形构成。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟1(安徽卷)物理部分试卷及答案-推荐下载
A、B、C 对应的直线分别为甲、乙、丙,甲、乙两直线平
行,则下列说法正确的是:
A.μ A=μB,mA=mB
C.μA>μB,mA>mB
B.μB=μC,mA=mB ;
D.μB<μC,mA<mB 。
15、如图所示,两个倾角相同的滑杆上分别套有 A、B 两个圆环,两个圆环上分别用细
线悬吊着两个物体 C、D,当它们都沿滑杆向下滑动时,A 的悬线与杆垂直,B 的悬线竖
C.质点在 8s 内的加速度大小不变,方向先向西,后向东.
D.在 8s 内合外力对质点做功的大小为 200J.
17、如图所示,理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为 10 : 1,电压表
V 和电流表 A 均为理想电表,除滑动变阻器电阻 R 以外其
余电阻均不计,从某时刻开始在原线圈 a、b 两端加上交变
电压,其瞬时值表达式为: u1 220 2 sin100t (V).下
B.在图中的 B 位置进行观察,屏上观察不到任何闪光
C.卢瑟福选用不同金属箔片作为粒子散射的靶,观察到的实验结果基本相似 D.粒子发生散射的主要原因是粒子撞击到金原子后产生的反弹
第Ⅱ卷
本卷共 10 题,共 180 分。
21、(18 分) (Ⅰ)(6 分)某同学为了探究“功与速度变化的关系”,设计了如下实ຫໍສະໝຸດ :实验装置如的电源电动势。
2009年大连市高三第一次模拟试题参考答案及评分标准.doc
2009年大连市高三第一次模拟试题参考答案及评分标准文科综合1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.A9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.B 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.D 25.C 26.A 27.B28.C 29.B 30.B 31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.D36.(1)D (2分) 北回归线以北的房屋,采光主要来自南方;D组团由于处在阴坡,所以,从海拔高度看,南楼的高度都会高于北楼,得光时间就会短于其他组团。
(6分)(2)大连地区为温带季风气候,由于海洋的热容量比陆地大,所以,夏季海上的气温低于陆地,小区常受来自海上的东南季风的影响,就会使小区气温比大连市的其他地区温度低,显得格外凉爽;夏季,小区内植被葱绿,环境优美,空气清新;夏季太阳直射点位于北半球,太阳高度较大,整个小区住宅采光效果好,所以售楼选择在夏季。
(答出两点即可得6分,答案合理可酌情给分)(3)顶楼的西红柿更好吃(2分)顶楼不受建筑物阻挡,日照时间比一楼长;风大,蒸发旺盛,气温日较差比一楼大,有利于西红柿的糖分积累,所以,比一楼的好吃(6分)(4)甲处最合适;(2分)位于小区主干道交会处,交通最便捷(2分),接近小区的中心处,来往居民最多(2分)。
(答案合理可酌情给分)37.(1)接近原料、燃料产区;有广阔的消费市场;交通便利;农业基础雄厚;工业发展历史比较悠久;(只要答出三点即可得6分)(2)美国东北部老工业区工业发达,城市密集,环境污染严重,地价高;城市发展空间有限;(3分)美国西部、南部阳光充足、资源丰富,适合新兴工业的发展。
(3分)19世纪时河北、山东等地自然灾害频繁、战乱不断、人口多、资源匮乏;(3分)东北平原地区,土地资源丰富、土壤肥沃、人口少,并且有大量的矿产资源,为人类生存提供了更多的粮食和就业机会(3分)(3)乳畜业(2分)接近城市市场(2分)(4)煤、铁等矿产资源逐渐枯竭;生产结构单一;环境污染严重;市场变化;经济重心转移到新兴工业区;新技术的冲击(只要写出四三点即可得6分)38.(1)①反映了大众传媒已经成为文化传播的主要手段,网络在文化传播中发挥着极其重要的作用。
2009届初三第一次统一练习答案
2009届初三第一次统一练习化学试卷答案一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项正确,每小题1分,共25分)题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案 D C B A D D A C D B题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案 C B C A A D B B C A题号21 22 23 24 25答案 C B C D A二、填空题(共5个小题,共30分)26.(每空1分,共4分)(1)水,蛋白质、脂肪、糖类(2) C , BDE27.(每空1分,共5分)(1)①③④(2)负,取下试管,将带火星的木条伸入试管内,木条复燃,是氧气,氢氧两种元素。
(3) 10g 。
28.(第(3)小题第一空每个方程式一分,其他每空1分,共8分)(1) A , BD 。
(2)与水及空气(氧气)接触,刷漆,水、氧气、二氧化碳。
(3)Fe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 +3H2O,Fe+2HCl= FeCl2+H2↑, AC29.(第(3)小题第二空2分,其他每空1分,共7分)(1)烧碱(火碱、苛性钠)。
(2)2H2O2催化剂2H2O + O2↑(3)CaO+H2O= Ca(OH)2,取石灰乳样品少许放入试管中,滴加无色酚酞试液,若酚酞变红,则此样品仍有效(4)2CH3COOOH=2CH3COOH+ O2↑,15.6%30.(每空1分,共6分)(1) CaCO3(2) 2H2O通直流电2H2↑+O2↑,分解反应(3) C+O2点燃CO2; CO2+Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+H2O ,Ca(OH)2+Na2CO3= CaCO3↓+2NaOH三、实验题(共3道题,共19分)31.(每空1分,共5分)(1)试管(2)2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑(3)CaCO 3+2HCl = CaCl 2+CO 2↑+H 2O ,将燃着的木条放在集气瓶口,木条火焰熄灭,证明已收集满(4)为烧杯内的白磷隔绝氧气,给铜片上的物质加热。
(完整word版)2009高考全国卷1理综物理(含答案)
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国1卷)理综物理部分二、选择题(本题共8小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分) 14.下列说法正确的是A. 气体对器壁的压强就是大量气体分子作用在器壁单位面积上的平均作用力B. 气体对器壁的压强就是大量气体分子单位时间作用在器壁上的平均冲量C. 气体分子热运动的平均动能减少,气体的压强一定减小D. 单位面积的气体分子数增加,气体的压强一定增大15. 某物体左右两侧各有一竖直放置的平面镜,两平面镜相互平行,物体距离左镜4m ,右镜8m ,如图所示,物体在左镜所成的像中从右向左数的第三个像与物体的距离是 A.24m B.32m C.40m D.48m16.氦氖激光器能产生三种波长的激光,其中两种波长分别为1λ=0.6328µm ,2λ=3.39µm ,已知波长为1λ的激光是氖原子在能级间隔为1E ∆=1.96eV 的两个能级之间跃迁产生的。
用2E ∆表示产生波长为2λ的激光所对应的跃迁的能级间隔,则2E ∆的近似值为 A.10.50eV B.0.98eV C. 0.53eV D. 0.36eV17.如图,一段导线abcd 位于磁感应强度大小为B 的匀强磁场中,且与磁场方向(垂直于纸面向里)垂直。
线段ab 、bc 和cd 的长度均为L ,且0135abc bcd ∠=∠=。
流经导线的电流为I ,方向如图中箭头所示。
导线段abcd 所受到的磁场的作用力的合力 A. 方向沿纸面向上,大小为(21)ILB + B. 方向沿纸面向上,大小为(21)ILB - C. 方向沿纸面向下,大小为(21)ILB + D. 方向沿纸面向下,大小为(21)ILB -18.如图所示。
一电场的电场线分布关于y轴(沿竖直方向)对称,O、M、N是y轴上的三个点,且OM=MN,P点在y轴的右侧,MP⊥ON,则A.M点的电势比P点的电势高B.将负电荷由O点移动到P点,电场力做正功C. M、N 两点间的电势差大于O、M两点间的电势差D.在O点静止释放一带正电粒子,该粒子将沿y轴做直线运动19.天文学家新发现了太阳系外的一颗行星。
2009海淀初三一模试题及答案1
海淀一模一、选择题(本题共32分,每小题4分) 1.-12的相反数是 ( ) A .-2 B .2 C . -12 D .122.2009年北京启动了历史上规模最大的轨道交通投资建设,预计北京市轨道交通投资将达到51 800 000 000元人民币. 将51 800 000 000用科学记数法表示正确的是 A .51.8×109 B .5.18×1010 C .0.518×1011 D .518×108 3.如图,已知AB ∥CD ,点E 在CD 上,BC 平分∠ABE , 若∠C =25°,则∠ABE 的度数是 ( )A .12.5°B .25°C .50°D .60° 4. 在樱桃采摘园,五位游客每人各采摘了一袋樱桃,质量分别为(单位:千克):5,2,3,5,5,则这组数据的平均数和中位数分别为 ( )A .4,3B .3,5C .4,5D .5,55.若两圆的半径分别为4和3,圆心距为1,则这两圆的位置关系是 ( )A .内含B .内切C .相交D .外切 6.袋子中有5个红球,3个蓝球,它们只有颜色上的区别. 从袋子中随机取出 一个球,取出蓝球的概率是 ( ) A .53 B .83 C .85 D .81 7.把代数式a a a 4423+-分解因式,下列结果中正确的是A .22)(-a aB .)(42-a aC .22)(+a aD .))((22-+a a a、、填空题(本题共16分, 每小题4分)EABC D )D )9.若实数x , y 满足0322=-+-)(y x ,则代数式xy -x 2的值为 .10.已知反比例函数y =xk 的图象经过点(2,3), 则k = . 11.如图,在正方形网格中,每个小正方形的边长均为1,△ABC的三个顶点均在格点上,则BC 边上的高为 . 12.如图,在平面直角坐标系xoy 中, A (-3,0),B (0,1),形状相同的抛物线C n (n =1,2, 3, 4, …) 的顶点在直线ABx 轴的交点的横坐标依次为2,3,5,8,13…,根据上述规律,抛物线C 2的顶点坐标 为 ; 抛物线C 8的顶点坐标为 .三、解答题(本题共30分, 每小题5分)13.计算:05)-π(sin )(+︒-+-60212211.14.解不等式组:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<>-.,)(13112x x x15.已知:如图,点B 、E 、F 、C 在同一条直线上,AB =DE ,BE =CF ,∠B =∠CED .求证: AF =DC .16. 计算:22111x x x ---. ① ② EDCBAFA BC17.已知直线l 与直线y =-2x +m 交于点(2,0), 且与直线y =3x 平行,求m 的值及直线l 的解析式.18. 如图,在梯形ABCD 中, AB //DC , ∠D =90︒, ∠ACD =30︒ , AB =12, BC =10, 求AD 的长.四、解答题(本题共20分, 第19题5分,第20题6分,第21题5分,第22题4分) 19.如图,已知AB 为⊙O 的弦,C 为⊙O 上一点,∠C =∠BAD ,且BD ⊥AB 于B .(1)求证:AD 是⊙O 的切线;(2)若⊙O 的半径为3,AB =4,求AD 的长.20. 某种子培育基地用A 、B 、C 、D 四种型号的小麦种子共2 000粒进行发芽实验,从 中选出发芽率高的种子进行推广.通过实验得知,C 型号种子的发芽率为94%. 根 据实验数据绘制了图1和图2两幅尚不完整的统计图.请你根据所给信息,解答下 列问题:(1)D 型号种子数是 粒; (2)请你将图2的统计图补充完整;(3)通过计算说明,应选哪一个型号的种子进行推广;如果所选型号进行推广的种子共有200 000粒,估计能有多少粒种子会发芽.图1 图221. 甲、乙同学帮助学校图书馆清点一批图书,已知甲同学清点200本图书与乙同学清 点300本图书所用的时间相同,且甲同学平均每分钟比乙同学少清点10本,求甲同ABCD号各种型号种子数的百分比35 %D C BA 25 %20 %DCBA学平均每分钟清点图书的数量.22.我们给出如下定义:如果四边形中一对顶点到另一对顶点所连对角线的距离相等,则把这对顶点叫做这个四边形的一对等高点.例如:如图1,平行四边形ABCD 中,可证点A 、C 到BD 的距离相等,所以点A 、C 是平行四边形ABCD 的一对等高点,同理可知点B 、D也是平行四边形ABCD 的一对等高点. 图1(1)如图2,已知平行四边形ABCD , 请你在图2中画出一个只有一对等高点的四边形ABCE (要求:画出必要的辅助线); (2)已知P 是四边形ABCD 对角线BD 上任意一点(不与B 、D 点重合),请分别探究图3、图4中S 1, S 2, S 3, S 4四者之间的等量关系(S 1, S 2, S 3, S 4分别表示△ABP , △CBP , △CDP , △ADP 的面积): ① 如图3,当四边形ABCD 只有一对等高点A 、C 时,你得到的一个结论是 ; ② 如图4,当四边形ABCD 没有等高点时,你得到的一个结论是 .图2 图3 图4五、解答题(本题共22分, 第23题7分,第24题7分,第25题8分) 23.已知: 关于x 的一元一次方程kx =x +2 ①的根为正实数,二次函数y =ax 2-bx +kc (c ≠0)的图象与x 轴一个交点的横坐标为1. (1)若方程①的根为正整数,求整数k 的值;(2)求代数式akcabb kc +-22)(的值;(3)求证: 关于x 的一元二次方程ax 2-bx +c =0 ②必有两个不相等的实数根.24.在课外小组活动时,小慧拿来一道题(原问题)和小东、小明交流.原问题:如图1,已知△ABC , ∠ACB =90︒ , ∠ABC =45︒,分别以AB 、BC 为边AB CS 2S 1S 4S 3S 4S 3S 2ABCPDABCPDS 1向外作△ABD 与△BCE , 且DA =DB , EB =EC ,∠ADB =∠BEC =90︒,连接DE 交AB 于点F . 探究线段DF 与EF 的数量关系.小慧同学的思路是:过点D 作DG ⊥AB 于G ,构造全等三角形,通过推理使问 题得解.小东同学说:我做过一道类似的题目,不同的是∠ABC =30︒,∠ADB =∠BEC =60︒. 小明同学经过合情推理,提出一个猜想,我们可以把问题推广到一般情况. 请你参考小慧同学的思路,探究并解决这三位同学提出的问题: (1)写出原问题中DF 与EF 的数量关系;(2)如图2,若∠ABC =30︒,∠ADB =∠BEC =60︒,原问题中的其他条件不变,你在(1)中得到的结论是否发生变化?请写出你的猜想并加以证明; (3)如图3,若∠ADB =∠BEC =2∠ABC , 原问题中的其他条件不变,你在(1)中得到的结论是否发生变化?请写出你的猜想并加以证明.图1 图2 图325.已知抛物线经过点 A (0, 4)、B (1, 4)、C (3, 2),与x 轴正半轴交于点D .(1)求此抛物线的解析式及点D 的坐标; (2)在x 轴上求一点E , 使得△BCE 是以BC 为底边的等腰三角形;(3)在(2)的条件下,过线段ED 上动点P 作直线PF //BC , 与BE 、CE 分别交于 点F 、G ,将△EFG 沿FG 翻折得到△E 'FG . 设P (x, 0), △E 'FG 与四边形FGCB重叠部分的面积为S ,求S 与x 的函数关系式及自变量x 的取值范围.BAD FDAC EFBE FCBAD。
2009年延庆县一模试卷参考答案
延庆县2009年初中模拟考试试卷(一)数学参考答案一、选择题(共8个小题,每题4分,共32分)1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.D 二、填空题(共4个小题,每小题4分,共16分) 9.x ≥21 10.)2)(2(-+x x a 11.1≤m 12. (5,0) 三、解答题(共5道小题,13-17每小题5分,共25分)13. 解:原式= =2+3-1-1 …………………………………………4分=3 …………………………………………5分分(原式分分分(解:56y 2y y)2y 2-4---------------------2y x 02y x 3y x y)2(x 2)y x (2x x y)-y)(x x 22.1422222-----------------=-+==∴=---------------+=-------⋅+=+-⋅- y xy x x x y x 15. 解:解不等式(1),得1x -≥………………………………………1分解不等式(2),得3x <……………………………………2分∴原不等式组的解是13x -<≤-------------------4分不等式组的非负整数解:0,1,2 …………………………5分16.证明:∵AC ∥DE ,∴∠ACD =∠D ,∠BCA =∠E …………………………………2分又∵∠ACD =∠B ,∴∠B =∠D ………………………………………………………3分又∵AC =CE ,∴△ABC ≌△CDE …………………………………………………………5分17.解:由图象可知,点)4,2(-M 在直线y=kx-2上, 422=--∴k .解得k= -3.………………………………………………………… 1分∴直线的解析式为y=-3x-2.………………………………………………………… 2分 令0y =,可得X=32-. ∴直线与x 轴的交点坐标为(32-,0).………………………………………………………3分 令0x =,可得y= -2.∴直线与y 轴的交点坐标为(0,-2).……………………………………………………… 4分3223221=-⨯-⨯=∴三角形面积直线与两坐标轴围成的…………………………5分 18.解:(1)在Rt△ABC 中,90BAC ∠=,cos B =513AB BC =. ∵BC =26,∴AB =10. ………………………… 1分 ∴AC24=.………… 2分 ∵AD //BC ,∴∠DAC =∠ACB . ∴cos∠DAC = cos∠ACB =1213AC BC =; ……………………………… 3分 (2)过点D 作DE ⊥AC ,垂足为E .∵AD =DC , AE =EC =1122AC =.……………………………… 4分 在Rt△ADE 中,cos∠DAE =1213AE AD =, ∴AD =13.………………………………………………………………5分 19.(1) 证明:连结OD ,-------1分 ∵90C ∠=,∴90DBC BDC ∠+∠=. 又∵BD 为∠ABC 的平分线,∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵OB OD =,∴ABD ODB ∠=∠∴90ODB BDC ∠+∠=,即∴90ODC ∠=-----2分又∵OD 是⊙O 的半径,∴AC 是⊙O 的切线. ………………………………………………3分 (2) 解:∵ DE ⊥DB ,⊙O 是Rt△BDE 的外接圆, ∴BE 是⊙O 的直径, 设⊙O 的半径为r ,在Rt△ABC 中, 22222912225AB BC CA =+=+=, ∴15AB =∵A A ∠=∠,90ADO C ∠=∠=,∴△ADO ∽△ACB .∴AO OD AB BC =.∴15159r r-=. ∴458r =.∴454BE = ·············· 4分又∵BE 是⊙O 的直径.∴90BFE ∠=.∴△BEF ∽△BAC∴4534154EF BE AC BA ===.……………………………5分20.解:(1)120……………………………………………………………………1分(2)条形统计图,如图所示,…………………………………………… 2分0.2元的圆心角是99°,0.3元的圆心 角是36°…………………4分 (3)该市场需销售塑料购物袋的个数是1875120753000=⨯………………5分 只要谈的看法涉及环保、节能等方面,且观念积极向上,即可给分……6分21. 解: (1)设每条成衣生产线和童装生产线平均每天生产帐篷各x 、y 顶,…………1分则⎩⎨⎧=+=+178321052y x y x , ……………………………………………………………… 3分 解得x=41,y=32.答:每条成衣生产线平均每天生产帐篷41顶,每条童装生产线平均每天生产帐篷32顶. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4分 (2)由3(4×41+5×32)=972<1000知,即使工厂满负荷全面转产,还不能如期完成任务. …………………………………………………………………………………………………5分22.解:(11分(2分类别(3)设DG x =,在矩形ABCD 中,90B C D ∠=∠=∠=,90HGF ∠=,90DHG CGF DGH ∴∠=∠=-∠,HDG GCF ∴△∽△,12DG HG CF GF ∴==,22CF DG x ∴==…………………………………………………………………3分 同理BEF CFG ∠=∠.EF FG =,FBE GCF ∴△≌△,14BF CG a x ∴==-CF BF BC +=,1244x a x a ∴+-=, 解得14x a =.即14DG a = ------------------------------------------------------------4分23.解:阅读理解:m= 1 (填1m不扣分),最小值为 2 ;……………………2分探索应用:设12(,)P x x , 则12(,0),(0,)C x D x , 123,4CA x DB x∴=+=+,………………………………………………………3分1112(3)(4)22ABCD S CA DBx x∴=⨯=+⨯+四边形,化简得:92()12,S x x=++ ………………………………………………………4分990,06x x x x >>∴+≥,只有当9,3x x x==即时,等号成立.∴S ≥2×6+12=24,∴S 四边形ABCD 有最小值24. ………………………………………………………………5分 此时,P(3,4),C(3,0),D(0,4),AB=BC=CD=DA=5,∴四边形ABCD 是菱形.……………6分24. 解:(1)ME =MF ……………………………………………………………………1分(2)ME =MF .…………………………………………………………………… 2分 证明:过点M 作MH ⊥AD 于H ,MG ⊥AB 于G ,连结AM . ∵M 是菱形ABCD 的对称中心,∴O 是菱形ABCD 对角线的交点,∴AM 平分∠BAD ,∴MH =MG∵∠M =∠B ,∴∠M +∠BAD =180º,又∠MHA =∠MGF =90º,∴∠HMG +∠BAD =180º.∴∠EMF =∠HMG ,∴∠EMH =∠FMG .∵∠MHE =∠MGF , ∴△MHE ≌△MGF ,∴ME =MF .……4分(3)ME:MF=1:2.…………………………5分证明:过点M 作MH ⊥AD 于H ,MG ⊥AB 于G ,∵∠M =∠B ,∴∠A =∠EMF =90º,又∵∠MHA =∠MGA =90º, ∴∠HMG =90º.∴∠EMF =∠HMG ,∴∠EMH =∠FMG .∵∠MHE =∠MGF ,∴△MHE ∽△MGF,∴ME MHMF MG=. ------------6分 又∵M 是矩形ABCD 的对称中心, ∴O 是矩形ABCD 对角线的中点,又∵MG ⊥AB ,∴MG ∥BC ,∴12MG BC =同理可得12MH AB =,∴ME :MF=1:2.……………………………7分(4) ME:MF=m ………………………………………………………………8分25.解: (1)设BC 直线解析式:y=kx+b 根据题意得:⎩⎨⎧+==b k b 594 解得⎩⎨⎧==14k b直线BC 的解析式为:4y x =+……………………………………………………………1分 ∵抛物线的对称轴为x=2设抛物线的解析式为t x a y +-=2)2(, 根据题意得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+-=+-=ta ta 22)25(9)20(4 解得:⎩⎨⎧==01t a 抛物线的解析式为442+-=x x y ………………………………………………………2分 (2)∵若四边形BDNM 的周长最短,求出BM+DN 最短即可∵点D 抛物线上,∴ D (1,1)∴D 点关于直线x=2的对称点是)1,3(1D∵B (0,4)∴将B 点向下平移2个单位得到1B (0,2)………………………3分∴直线11D B 交直线x=2于点N , ∵直线11D B 的解析式为:231+-=x y ……………………………………………4分N∴N )34,2(∵MN=2 ∴M )310,2(……………………………………………………………5分 (3) 将直线BC 绕B 点旋转与抛物线相交与另一点P ,设P 到 直线BC 的距离为h , 故P 点应在与直线BC平行,且相距1l 和2l 上.………… 6分 由平行线的性质可得:两条平行直线与y 轴的交点到直线BC的距离也为 如图,设1l 与y 轴交于E 点,过E 作EF ⊥BC 于F 点, 在Rt △BEF中EF h ==45EBF ABO ∠=∠=, ∴6BE =.∴可以求得直线1l 与y 轴交点坐标为(0,10)同理可求得直线2l 与y 轴交点坐标为(0,2)-……………………………………………7分 ∴两直线解析式1:10l y x =+;2:2l y x =-.根据题意列出方程组: ⑴24410y x x y x ⎧=-+⎨=+⎩;⑵2442y x x y x ⎧=-+⎨=-⎩ ∴解得:11616x y =⎧⎨=⎩;2219x y =-⎧⎨=⎩;3320x y =⎧⎨=⎩;4431x y =⎧⎨=⎩∴满足条件的点P 有四个,它们分别是1(6,16)P ,2(1,9)P -,3(2,0)P ,4(3,1)P……………………8分。
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2009年上海各区一模答案2009年嘉定区中考一模答案 (1)2009年普陀区中考一模答案 (2)2009年浦东区中考一模答案 (3)2009年静安区中考一模答案 (4)2009年徐汇区中考一模答案 (5)2009年闸北区中考一模答案 (6)2009年黄浦区中考一模答案 (7)2009年长宁区中考一模答案 (8)2009年杨浦区中考一模答案 (9)2009年南汇区中考一模答案 (10)2009年卢湾区中考一模答案 (11)2009年青浦区中考一模答案 (12)2009年金山区中考一模答案 (14)2009年闵行区中考一模答案 (15)2009年虹口区中考一模答案 (17)2009年嘉定区中考一模答案一、积累与运用(一)积累(15分,每句3分)1.千载谁堪伯仲间2.醉里挑灯看剑3.断肠人在天涯4.一鼓作气5.而不知太守之乐其乐也(二)运用(10分;6—7题2分;8—9题3分)6.C 7D 8.C 9.本体、喻体有相似性,表达通顺。
二、文言文阅读(25分)(一)阅读下文,回答10—11题(5分)10.C(3分)11.报国无门,壮志未酬的悲愤(2分)(二)阅读下文,回答12—15题(8分)12.袁枚;以议论为主,可以叙事、说明(2分)13.(1)喜欢(2)他;黄生(2分)14.我写了这一篇说,把它与书一直交给黄生(2分)15.B A(2分)(三 ) 阅读下文,回答12—15题。
16.拜见回答17.D(2分)18.马力竭矣,而犹求焉(3分)19.做任何事情,都要尊重自然规律。
过犹不及(3分)三、现代文阅读(40分)(一)阅读下文,回答20—24题(17分)20.要永远保持动态中的平衡(3分)21.论证只有在动态中,才能保持最好的平衡(真正稳当的东西都处在动态之中)(3分)22.世界在动,而你不动;(或,世界是变化的,而你是静止的)(意对即可)(3分)23.答C(3分)答B(0分)答A(1分)答D(2分)24.中心明确,表达清楚(5分)(二)阅读下文,回答25—30题(23分)25. 答C(3分)答B(0分)答A(1分)答D(2分)26.B(3分)27.(1)母亲笑自己连自己的名字也不认得;(2)杨帆要弥补自己多年来不能经常陪伴在母亲身边的遗憾;(杨帆要想方设法转移母亲的注意力,减轻母亲的痛苦)(6分)28.“歪歪斜斜”是因为母亲刚学会写字县染重病;但母亲享受到了孩子陪在母亲身边的快乐以至于忘了病痛;“满脸灿烂的笑容”里透露出家庭“祥和”“温馨”的气氛(3分,意近即可)29.从思想内容与写作方法角度分析皆可。
(8分)要点:思想内容——围绕在母亲的心目中,一直是忘“我”的付出展开说理。
写作方法——围绕从细微处刻画人物形象,增强文章感染力。
2009年普陀区中考一模答案一、积累与运用(25分)1.千载谁堪伯仲间2.留取丹心照汗青3.我寄愁心与明月4.思而不学而殆5.渐闻水声潺潺而泻出于两峰之间者(每空3分,错1字扣1分,扣完为止)6.C7.D8.C(每空2分)9.A(2分)“分别”是相互的,用在两人之间合适;“离开“是单方面的,对“姑娘”则太绝情,不合适。
(言之成理即可,2分)二、文言文阅读(25分)10.伤心悲痛到极点为的人(1分)漂泊在外的游子(2分)11.思乡(2分)12.宋范仲淹(2分)13.在朝廷做官就为黎民百姓担忧,在偏远的江湖就为君王担忧(2分)14.到朝廷,出来做官追求,探求(4分)15.表达了作者“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”(以天下为己任)的志向(意思对即可)(2分)16.返回,归来(2分)离开,离去(2分)17.母亲死了,他的父亲另娶妻子,又生了两个儿子(2分)18.去无留(2分)19.后母在,只有我一人受冻,后母离开了,四个小孩都要受冻了。
(2分)三、现代文阅读(40分)20.安装在以月球为基地的平面设计台的望远镜称为“月基望远镜”。
(2分)21.(8分)(1)进行天文观测时没有大气层造成的一切干扰。
(2)面临的技术问题要比处于失重状态的空间望远镜简单得多,造价亦远为低廉。
(3)建造和使用都很安全。
(4)能够长时间地跟踪观测同一个天体。
22.人类有可能利用月球本身的资源来兴建月基望远镜和月基天文台(2分)23.空间望远镜在技术问题简单和造价低廉等方面的优越性只有与空间望远镜相比才有优势(回答“更能表现技术简单和造价低廉的优点”亦可)(4分)24.(8分)从未谋面他是一位陌生人不相干的旁人人与世界的诸多联系,其实常常是与陌生人的交接,而对于这些人,无欲无求,反而能够表现出真正的善意。
25.当初设置计划、渡海前来装置、架接海底电缆的人们,为不相识的游人提供了方便(4分)26.(1)特别喜欢谈论关于情和爱的话题(2)付出自己的情和爱(4分)27.(略)(8分)四、作文(60分)1.参照中考作文评分标准。
2.有两个以上错别字扣1分。
3.字迹模糊,造成阅读障碍扣2分。
2009年浦东区中考一模答案一、积累与运用(25分)(一)(10分,每空2分,错1字扣1分)1.泪湿春衫袖2.会当凌绝顶3.随君直到夜郎西4.留取丹心照汗青5.枯藤老树昏鸦(二)基础知识与运用(15分)6.憾、弥(2分,一空1分)7.C(3分)8.B、C(4分,一空1分)9.B(3分)10.参考答案:你何必与伟岸的大树比挺拔呢?你自有你的执着。
(句式不变,并且要能抓住“何必”、“自有”等关键词。
)(3分,句式1分,关键词2分)二、文言文阅读(25分)(一)古诗鉴赏(4分)11.看沙鸥舞再三,卷香风十里珠帘。
画船儿天边至,酒旗儿风外飐。
(2分,两句任何一句均可,答出半句给1分)12.阳光照耀江水,腾起了薄薄的烟雾。
(2分)(二)课内文言文阅读(10分)13.(1)完、尽(2分)(2)无意义(或取消句子独立性)(2分)14.C(2分)15.(1)人们游山之乐(2)从太守宴游之乐(2分)16.寄情山水和与民同乐(2分)(三)课外文言文(11分)17.(1)靠近(解释“面对”也给分)(2)缘故原因(4分,各2分)18.景公大怒,拿起(操起)矛戈要亲自杀了圉人。
(2分)19.(1)晏子巧妙地劝诫(2)景公心里仍有仁义之心(3)两个角度景公不想在诸侯面前表现出不仁义。
(2分,一空1分;三点答出任意两点即可)20.晏子不想让景公在诸侯面前表现出不仁,希望景公以仁治国(3分)三、现代文阅读(一)21.意图是为了说明我国古代许多木结构的建筑都成功地经受了大地震的考验(2分)22.我国古代建筑选择木材等有机物作为结构主材,是为了形成柔性的框架结构,使之具有相当的弹性和一定程度的自我修复能力(3分)23.第一个刚:在文中的意思是本文建筑砖石结构或西方建筑的承重墙体系第二个刚:在文中指地震造成的破坏力(每空2分,4分)24.②梁架采用抬梁式结构③大屋顶结构复杂、需要大量构建④斗拱群形成一个整体性很强的“钢盘”(每空2分,如仅答梁架、大屋顶、半拱则各得1分)(二)25.形象生动地写出渺小的程度(3分)26.②在文学(文字)中寻到了感动③对生命的思考中寻到了感动④在感悟生命与自然中寻到了感动(6分)27.本句写出了“我”在处事做人的率真(直率)的表现,从而表达了“我”由衷的欣慰之情。
(4分)(答题要点:“傻气盎然”、“不计后果”等词语表现了率直;“您啊”是表达作者的情感。
)28.B C(4分)29.要点:要有明确的要点(2分);写出感动的过程(2分);能简述感动的原因(2分);语言表达(2分)。
2009年静安区中考一模答案一、积累与运用(25分)1.雪尽马蹄轻2.千载谁堪伯仲间3.白草红叶黄花4.我寄愁心与明月5.宠辱偕忘(每空3分,共15分)6.C7.B8.①9.C10.ABC(每空2分,共10分)二、文言文阅读(25分)11.D(2分)12.描写了美丽的画船从天边来的动态画面,呈现江南水乡一派祥和之景(表现对江南的喜爱之情)(3分)13.B(3分)14.桃花源中有人便邀请渔人到自己的家里去,备酒杀鸡做饭来款待他。
(2分)15.热情好客和睦相处追求和平,厌恶战争(3分)16. (1)喜欢(2)处于(4分)17.母亲程氏亲自教苏轼读书识字(2分)18.D(2分)19.一个人只有①勤读书,②勤实践,③才能学有成就(3分)好的学习环境(涉及到学习方面亦可)三、现代文阅读(40分)(一)20.读者阅读大师的著作,受到其思想的影响,不自觉发出了变化。
(3分)21.尤其(1分)排比(1分)“我”身心的不适(或:精神不愉快,身体不适(2分)它有些像博斗(斛、争辩、争斗)毕淑敏(3分)22.古代作品名(1分)作品主旨或人物形象(1分)感受(1分)23.C(2分)(二)24.语言(对话)(1分)金英告诉“我”梦兴病危时惦念我,引起“我”对往事的回忆(2分)25.(1)梦兴秋收陪“我”值夜(3分)(2)说明梦兴把120元藏之隐蔽,但却给了“我”,表达了梦兴对“我”的关爱(4分)26.用了神态描写和动作描写的方法,表现了梦兴看见“我”的悲喜交加(4分)27.C(2分)28.示例:我噙着眼泪对金英说:“你爸爸教我种田,教我做人,是我的老师,更是我的父亲。
”金英听了,喊了声“哥!”紧紧握住了我的手……(60字)(8分)(符合原文大意即可,有创意给满分)四、写作60分,按中考评分标准2009年徐汇区中考一模答案一、积累与运用(25分)(一)默写(15分,3分一空,错一字扣1分)1.淡妆浓抹总相宜2.落红不是无情物3.梦回吹角连营4.草枯鹰眼疾5.人约黄昏后(二)选择题(4分,2分一空)6.C7.A(三)综合学习(6分,2分一个要点)8.基本要点:对象;和新春有关的祝福语;祝福者二、文言文阅读(25分)(一)诗歌理解(4分,1分一空)9.凄凉、萧条等“白”、“红”、“黄”(二)阅读下面文字,完成10—12题(10分)10.(3分)多众多11.(4分)背着东西的人在中途上歌唱,行路的人在树下休息12.(3分)B(三)阅读下面语段,完成13—15题(11分)13.(2分)同“嘱”,嘱咐14.(3分一空)就几句话都记不住;一旦烧了纸条,他就回答不出父亲的去向了15.(3分)讽刺那些一味教条的人三、现代文阅读(40分)(一)阅读下文,完成16—19题(18分)16.(3分一空)(1)很多人误认为素质教育就是反对“死记硬背”(以为只要学会在需要用知识时能查找到它们就行了,不必花很大力气去记忆很多知识)(2)计算机的广泛应用让人们误以为知识可以随时查找,不需要记忆17.(3分+2分)记忆力是决定人的智力强弱的主要因素(正反)对比论证18.(3分)D19.(4分)要重视青少年的记忆力培养(二)阅读下文,完成20—24题(22分)20.(2分)汰21.(3分)突出“我”的威猛与歪儿的不善奔跑形成鲜明对比,为下文歪儿受挫痛哭、“我”对歪儿的态度转变做了铺垫22.(3分)要点:要能写出歪儿矛盾的心理。