Universal filter with one input and five outputs using DDCCs

I. INTRODUCTION
The applications and advantages in the realization of various active transfer functions using current conveyors have received considerable attention [1]. The current feedback amplifiers (CFAs) exhibit the potentiality of extended operating bandwidths and relatively large values of slew rates compared to the conventional voltage-feedback amplifiers. Note that a CFA is equivalent to a plus-type second generation current conveyor (CCII) with a voltage follower [2]. On the other hand, voltage-mode active filters with high input impedance are of great interest because several cells of this kind can be directly connected in cascade to implement higher-order filters [3]-[5]. Recently, many voltage-mode universal biquadratic filters with single input and multioutputs were proposed [6]-[19]. However, only three standard filter functions at most can be simultaneously obtained in each circuit configuration. In 1998, Abuelma'atti and AI-Zaher II. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION proposed a circuit configuration with one input and five The DDCC was proposed in 1996, and it enjoys the outputs using five CFAs, two grounded capacitors and six resistors [20]. This circuit can realize all the standard filter advantages of CCII and differential difference amplifier [27] functions; namely, low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, notch, and such as larger signal bandwidth, greater linearity, wider all-pass, simultaneously, and it enjoys the features of using dynamic range, simple circuitry, low power consumption, only grounded capacitors, and having an orthogonal control high-input impedance and arithmetic operation capability [24]. resonance angular frequency and quality factor. In 2005, Moreover, it has three high-input voltage terminals (y Horng et al. proposed two circuit configurations with single terminals) that make easy to synthesize circuits. Using standard notation, the port relations of an ideal input and five outputs using three (or four) multiple output CClls (MOCClls), two grounded capacitors and six (or seven) DDCC can be characterized by resistors [21]. In 2006, Horng et al. proposed another four Vx 1 -1 1 0 circuits with single input and five outputs [22]. Each of the Vyl I yl first two circuits employs four CClls, two grounded capacitors 0 0 0 0 Vy2 and five resistors. The third circuit employs two CClls, one I y2 0 0 0 0 (1) Vy3 differential voltage current conveyors (DVCC), two grounded 0 0 0 0 I y3 capacitors and five resistors. The fourth circuit employs two Ix 0 0 0 ±1 MOCCIIs, two grounded capacitors and five resistors. In [23], Iz the other single input and five outputs circuit employing three where the plus and minus signs indicate whether the DVCCs, two grounded capacitors and four resistors with high conveyor is configured as a non-inverting or inverting circuit, input impedance was presented. Each of the circuits [21][23]can realize all the standard filter functions (low-pass, termed DDCC+ or DDCC-. The proposed configuration is shown in Fig. 1. The transfer band-pass, high-pass, notch, and all-pass) simultaneously and functions can be expressed as enjoys the features of using only grounded capacitors and orthogonal controllable of the resonance angular frequency and quality factor. However, these circuits [21]-[23] employ
Abstract-In this paper, a new single input and five outputs voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with high-input impedance is presented. The proposed circuit employs three plus-type differential difference current conveyors, two grounded capacitors and three resistors and offers the following features: realization of all the standard filter functions, that is, high-pass, band-pass, low-pass, notch, and aU-pass filters simultaneously, the use of only grounded capacitors and highinput impedance.
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Wei-Yuan Chiu#, Jiun-Wei Horng#+ and Shih-Ting Cheng# Department ofElectronic Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan, R.O.C. + Corresponding author. Email: jwhorng@.tw extra passive components to realize all the standard filter functions. In this paper, a new high-input impedance voltage-mode universal b five outputs is presented. The proposed circuit employs three plus-type differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs) [24], two grounded capacitors and three resistors. The proposed circuit uses only grounded capacitors, which are suitable for integrated circuit implementation [25]-[26]. Moreover, the proposed circuit enjoys high input impedance so that it can be directly connected in cascade to implement higher-order filters. Since the implementation configuration of the plustype DDCCs is simpler than that of the minus-type DDCCs, the proposed circuit employs the plus-type DDCCs only. With respect to the one-input and multi-output circuits in [6]-[19], all the standard filter functions can be obtained from the proposed circuit simultaneously. With respect to the single-input and five-output universal filter [20], the proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter function by using fewer active and passive components. With respect to the circuit [21 ]-[22], the proposed circuit has the advantages of high input impedance and employs fewer active or passive components. With respect to the circuit [23], the proposed circuit employs fewer passive components.